1
|
Xu T, Jin F, Yu Y, He J, Yang R, Lv T, Yan Z. Association between waist circumference and chronic pain: insights from observational study and two-sample Mendelian randomization. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1415208. [PMID: 39131735 PMCID: PMC11310123 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1415208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Current research offers limited clarity on the correlation between waist circumference and chronic pain prevalence. Objective This investigation seeks to elucidate the potential relationship between waist circumference and chronic pain and their causal association. Methods An observational study was conducted, leveraging data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) collected between 2001 and 2004. The multivariable logistic regression was used to assess the relationship between waist circumference and chronic pain. Furthermore, a meta-analysis of Mendelian Randomization (MR) was applied to explore a causal relationship between waist circumference and pain. Results The observational study, post multivariable adjustment, indicated that an increase in waist circumference by 1 dm (decimeter) correlates with a 14% elevation in chronic pain risk (Odds Ratio [OR] = 1.14, 95% Confidence Interval [CI]: 1.04-1.24, p = 0.01). Moreover, the meta-analysis of MR demonstrated that an increased waist circumference was associated with a genetic predisposition to pain risk (OR = 1.14, 95%CI: 1.06-1.23, p = 0.0007). Conclusion Observational analysis confirmed a significant relationship between increased waist circumference and the incidence of chronic pain, and results based on MR Study identified increased waist circumference as potentially causal for pain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ting Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Traditional Chinese Medical Hospital of Zhuji, Zhuji, China
| | - Fan Jin
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhuji People's Hospital, Shaoxing University, Zhuji, China
| | - Yeting Yu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Traditional Chinese Medical Hospital of Zhuji, Zhuji, China
| | - Jie He
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhuji People's Hospital, Shaoxing University, Zhuji, China
| | - Ren Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhuji People's Hospital, Shaoxing University, Zhuji, China
| | - Tian Lv
- Department of Neurology, Zhuji People's Hospital, Shaoxing University, Zhuji, China
| | - Zhangjun Yan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhuji People's Hospital, Shaoxing University, Zhuji, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Salinas-Mandujano RG, Reynoso-Camacho R, Salgado LM, Ramos-Gomez M, Pérez-Ramírez IF, Aguilar-Galarza A, Moreno-Celis U, Anaya-Loyola MA. A New Approach Using BMI and FMI as Predictors of Cardio-Vascular Risk Factors among Mexican Young Adults. Eur J Investig Health Psychol Educ 2023; 13:2063-2081. [PMID: 37887147 PMCID: PMC10606082 DOI: 10.3390/ejihpe13100146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The study aimed to identify accurate cut-off points for waist circumference (WC), body fat percentage (BF%), body mass index (BMI), fat mass index (FMI), and fat-free mass index (FFMI), and to determine their effective accuracy to predict cardiovascular risk factors (CVRFs) among Mexican young adults. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 1730 Mexican young adults. Adiposity measures and CVRFs were assessed under fasting conditions. The optimal cut-off points were assessed using the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC). Age-adjusted odds ratios (OR) were used to assess the associations between anthropometric measurements and CVRFs. The cut-off values found, in females and males, respectively, for high WC (≥72.3 and ≥84.9), high BF% (≥30 and ≥22.6), high BMI (≥23.7 and ≥24.4), high FMI (≥7.1 and ≥5.5), and low FFMI (≤16 and ≤18.9) differ from those set by current guidelines. High BMI in women, and high FMI in men, assessed by the 50th percentile, had the best discriminatory power in detecting CVRFs, especially high triglycerides (OR: 3.07, CI: 2.21-4.27 and OR: 3.05, CI: 2.28-4.08, respectively). Therefore, these results suggest that BMI and FMI measures should be used to improve the screening of CVRFs in Mexican young adults.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rocío Guadalupe Salinas-Mandujano
- Department of Food Science, School of Chemistry, Autonomous University of Queretaro, C. U., Cerro de las Campanas, S/N, Queretaro 76010, Mexico; (R.G.S.-M.)
| | - Rosalía Reynoso-Camacho
- Department of Food Science, School of Chemistry, Autonomous University of Queretaro, C. U., Cerro de las Campanas, S/N, Queretaro 76010, Mexico; (R.G.S.-M.)
| | - Luis Miguel Salgado
- Centro de Investigación en Ciencia Aplicada y Tecnología Avanzada, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Queretaro 76090, Mexico
| | - Minerva Ramos-Gomez
- Department of Food Science, School of Chemistry, Autonomous University of Queretaro, C. U., Cerro de las Campanas, S/N, Queretaro 76010, Mexico; (R.G.S.-M.)
| | - Iza F. Pérez-Ramírez
- Department of Food Science, School of Chemistry, Autonomous University of Queretaro, C. U., Cerro de las Campanas, S/N, Queretaro 76010, Mexico; (R.G.S.-M.)
| | - Adriana Aguilar-Galarza
- Department of Studies in Human Nutrition, School of Natural Science, Autonomous University of Queretaro, Av. de las Ciencias, S/N., Juriquilla, Delegación Santa Rosa Jauregui, Queretaro 76230, Mexico
| | - Ulisses Moreno-Celis
- Department of Studies in Human Nutrition, School of Natural Science, Autonomous University of Queretaro, Av. de las Ciencias, S/N., Juriquilla, Delegación Santa Rosa Jauregui, Queretaro 76230, Mexico
| | - Miriam Aracely Anaya-Loyola
- Department of Studies in Human Nutrition, School of Natural Science, Autonomous University of Queretaro, Av. de las Ciencias, S/N., Juriquilla, Delegación Santa Rosa Jauregui, Queretaro 76230, Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Hasandokht T, Joukar F, Maroufizadeh S, Sibeveih Z, Naghipour M, Hedayaztadeh Z, Mansour-Ghanaei F. Detection of high risk people for diabetes by American diabetes association risk score in PERSIAN Guilan cohort study. BMC Endocr Disord 2023; 23:12. [PMID: 36627658 PMCID: PMC9832726 DOI: 10.1186/s12902-022-01248-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetes mellitus (DM) is known as one of the most prevalent non communicable diseases with high cost of health services in the world. Present study was conducted to assess the frequency of high risk people for diabetes mellitus based on American Diabetes Association (ADA) risk score among Iranian people. METHODS Present study was a cross sectional study on non-diabetic subjects aged 35-70 years from 10,520 PERSIAN Guilan Cohort Study (PGCS). ADA risk score was calculated for every individual through an online calculator. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves was used to assess diagnostic accuracy of the anthropometric indices to identify individuals with high risk ADA score for developing DM, represented by the area under the curve (AUC). RESULTS From 7989 study subjects, ADA risk score found 3874 (48.5%) and 1912 (23%) at risk for developing PreDM and DM, respectively. The results of ROC curve analyses showed the highest diagnostic value was related to waist circumference (WC) in total population and Waist to Height Ratio in both sex (0.695 total, 0.743 female, 0.744 male). The cut-points of WC in total population to identifying high risk group were 97 cm. CONCLUSIONS A considerable number of populations were classified as high ADA risk for developing DM and PreDM that provide the importance of prevention strategies. Present study showed WC and Waist to Height Ratio have the highest diagnostic value to identify high risk people for DM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tolou Hasandokht
- Cardiovascular Diseases Research Center, Department of Cardiology, Heshmat Hospital, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Farahnaz Joukar
- Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Saman Maroufizadeh
- Department of Biostatistics, School of health, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Zahra Sibeveih
- Cardiovascular Diseases Research Center, Department of Cardiology, Heshmat Hospital, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Mohammadreza Naghipour
- Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Zahra Hedayaztadeh
- Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Fariborz Mansour-Ghanaei
- Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Rahman MJ, Parvez SM, Rahman M, He FJ, Cunningham SA, Narayan KMV, Abedin J, Naser AM. Urinary Sodium Excretion and Obesity Markers among Bangladeshi Adult Population: Pooled Data from Three Cohort Studies. Nutrients 2022; 14:3000. [PMID: 35889957 PMCID: PMC9323227 DOI: 10.3390/nu14143000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
We evaluated the relationship of urinary sodium excretion with a conditional mean, 10th and 90th percentiles of body mass index (BMI), and waist circumference among 10,034 person-visits of Bangladeshi population. We fitted linear mixed models with participant-level random intercept and restricted maximum likelihood estimation for conditional mean models; and quantile mixed-effect models with participant-level random intercept and Laplace estimation for 10th and 90th percentiles models. For each 100 mmol/24 h increase in urinary sodium excretion, participants had a 0.10 kg/m2 (95% CI: 0.00, 0.10) increase in the mean; a 0.39 kg/m2 (95% CI: 0.23, 0.54) increase in the 10th percentile; and a 0.59 kg/m2 (95% CI: 0.39, 0.78) increase in the 90th percentile of BMI. For each 100 mmol/24 h increase in urinary sodium excretion, participants had a 0.20 cm (95% CI: 0.10, 0.30) increase in mean; a 0.18 cm (95% CI: -0.03, 0.40) change in the 10th percentile; and a 0.23 cm (95% CI: 0.03, 0.43) increase in the 90th percentile of waist circumference. We found a modest association between urine sodium and conditional mean of BMI and waist circumference. The magnitude of associations between urine sodium and the 10th and 90th percentile BMI distributions were higher compared to the conditional mean models, suggesting high sodium intake could be more detrimental to underweight and obese participants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Musarrat J. Rahman
- International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA;
| | - Sarker M. Parvez
- Environmental Interventions Unit, Infectious Disease Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Mohakhali, Dhaka 1212, Bangladesh; (S.M.P.); (M.R.)
| | - Mahbubur Rahman
- Environmental Interventions Unit, Infectious Disease Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Mohakhali, Dhaka 1212, Bangladesh; (S.M.P.); (M.R.)
| | - Feng J. He
- Centre for Public Health and Policy, Wolfson Institute of Population Health, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK;
| | - Solveig A. Cunningham
- Emory Global Diabetes Research Center, Hubert Department of Global Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; (S.A.C.); (K.M.V.N.)
| | - K. M. Venkat Narayan
- Emory Global Diabetes Research Center, Hubert Department of Global Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; (S.A.C.); (K.M.V.N.)
| | - Jaynal Abedin
- Data Science Institute, National University of Ireland Galway, H91 TK33 Galway, Ireland;
| | - Abu Mohd Naser
- Division of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN 38152, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Kim J, Mun S, Lee S, Jeong K, Baek Y. Prediction of metabolic and pre-metabolic syndromes using machine learning models with anthropometric, lifestyle, and biochemical factors from a middle-aged population in Korea. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:664. [PMID: 35387629 PMCID: PMC8985311 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-13131-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a complex condition that appears as a cluster of metabolic abnormalities, and is closely associated with the prevalence of various diseases. Early prediction of the risk of MetS in the middle-aged population provides greater benefits for cardiovascular disease-related health outcomes. This study aimed to apply the latest machine learning techniques to find the optimal MetS prediction model for the middle-aged Korean population. METHODS We retrieved 20 data types from the Korean Medicine Daejeon Citizen Cohort, a cohort study on a community-based population of adults aged 30-55 years. The data included sex, age, anthropometric data, lifestyle-related data, and blood indicators of 1991 individuals. Participants satisfying two (pre-MetS) or ≥ 3 (MetS) of the five NECP-ATP III criteria were included in the MetS group. MetS prediction used nine machine learning models based on the following algorithms: Decision tree, Gaussian Naïve Bayes, K-nearest neighbor, eXtreme gradient boosting (XGBoost), random forest, logistic regression, support vector machine, multi-layer perceptron, and 1D convolutional neural network. All analyses were performed by sequentially inputting the features in three steps according to their characteristics. The models' performances were compared after applying the synthetic minority oversampling technique (SMOTE) to resolve data imbalance. RESULTS MetS was detected in 33.85% of the subjects. Among the MetS prediction models, the tree-based random forest and XGBoost models showed the best performance, which improved with the number of features used. As a measure of the models' performance, the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) increased by up to 0.091 when the SMOTE was applied, with XGBoost showing the highest AUC of 0.851. Body mass index and waist-to-hip ratio were identified as the most important features in the MetS prediction models for this population. CONCLUSIONS Tree-based machine learning models were useful in identifying MetS with high accuracy in middle-aged Koreans. Early diagnosis of MetS is important and requires a multidimensional approach that includes self-administered questionnaire, anthropometric, and biochemical measurements.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Junho Kim
- KM Data Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 1672 Yuseongdae-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sujeong Mun
- KM Data Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 1672 Yuseongdae-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Siwoo Lee
- KM Data Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 1672 Yuseongdae-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoungsik Jeong
- KM Data Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 1672 Yuseongdae-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Younghwa Baek
- KM Data Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 1672 Yuseongdae-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
KARAHAN YILMAZ S, ÖZÇİÇEK F, MERTOĞLU C. Yetişkin bireylerde metabolik sendromun belirlenmesinde obeziteyle ilişkili geleneksel ve yeni indekslerin karşılaştırılması. CUKUROVA MEDICAL JOURNAL 2022. [DOI: 10.17826/cumj.1002607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
|
7
|
Li Q, Wang P, Li G, Chang Y, Guo X, Sun Y, Zhang X. Using the changes of several simple anthropometric indices to predict the occurrence of metabolic syndrome: Findings from medically under-resourced communities in rural China. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:1014541. [PMID: 36325456 PMCID: PMC9618802 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.1014541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Various anthropometric indices have been proved to be useful to predict metabolic syndrome(MetS), but the association between changes in anthropometric indices and the onset of MetS is unclear. This study selected six indices that are easy to measure and calculate in daily life and evaluated the relationships. METHODS We established a prospective cohort in rural China during 2012-2013 and involved 5,221 participants without MetS. The follow-up visit was conducted in 2015 to repeat anthropometric indices measurements and assess MetS onset. Binary logistic regression model was used to calculate the association between changes in anthropometric indices and MetS onset. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was drawn to compare their abilities in MetS prediction. RESULTS Over a median follow-up time of 2.42 years, 1,367 participants (26.2%) developed MetS. The increase in all the six indices is associated with an increased risk of MetS. Changes in WC and WHtR are the strongest predictors, with a 5 cm increase in WC and a 0.025 increase in WHtR giving the best prediction of MetS onset. CONCLUSIONS People should be aware of changes in these six anthropometric indices in daily life, as their increase is closely related to an increased risk of MetS, especially WC and WHtR. We recommend an increase of 5 cm in WC and 0.025 in WHtR as the optimal cut-off for the MetS prediction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiyu Li
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Pengbo Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Guangxiao Li
- Department of Medical Record Management, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Ye Chang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiaofan Guo
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yingxian Sun
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xingang Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- *Correspondence: Xingang Zhang,
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
The Association between Anthropometry Indices and Serum Concentrations of Gamma-Glutamyl Transferase, Alkaline Phosphatase, Alanine Aminotransferase, and Aspartate Aminotransferase. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:2365399. [PMID: 34853788 PMCID: PMC8629636 DOI: 10.1155/2021/2365399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Background Nowadays, metabolic syndrome (MetS) has become a great public health crisis that threatens too many lives worldwide. Many previous studies have been investigated the association between MetS and anthropometric indices. This study is aimed at investigating the association between anthropometric indices with gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and aspartate aminotransferase (AST). We were using data from a large population-based cohort of seemingly healthy women and men. Methods A total of 7216 participants were included in this study. The serum levels of GGT, ALP, ALT, and AST with bioimpedance measures were obtained at the time of enrollment. Multiple regression analysis was performed to assess the relationship between anthropometric indices and serum levels of the aforementioned laboratory tests. Results Serum levels of GGT, ALP, ALT, and AST significantly correlated with body mass index (BMI). Only ALP had a significant association with visceral fat area (VFA). AST, ALT, and ALP levels had a positive correlation with 50 kHz whole-body phase. Conclusion From the findings of this study, body mass index consistently appeared a good predictor of elevated hepatic enzymes and triglycerides. Thus, it can be helpful in clinical settings to identify patients at risk of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, which is closely related to metabolic syndrome.
Collapse
|
9
|
Alves LF, Cruz JO, da Costa Souza AL, de Oliveira CC. Performance of adiposity indicators in predicting metabolic syndrome in older adults. ARCHIVES OF ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM 2021; 65:588-595. [PMID: 34714996 PMCID: PMC10528571 DOI: 10.20945/2359-3997000000372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the association between some indicators of adiposity and markers of metabolic disorder, evaluate their performance in predicting metabolic syndrome (MetS), and identify their cutoff values among older adults, both in the overall sample and according to sex. METHODS Cross-sectional study in 159 older men and women. MetS was defined according to the harmonized criteria. The assessments included waist circumference (WC), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), conicity index (C index), lipid accumulation product (LAP), visceral adiposity index (VAI), body mass index (BMI), A body shape index (ABSI), area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), sensitivity, and specificity. RESULTS LAP and WHtR resulted in the largest AUC values (>0.80). In both sexes, the best indicators were LAP, WC, and WHtR. Both LAP and WHtR presented the highest Youden's index values in the overall sample, with cutoff values of approximately 46.9 (sensitivity 75.0%, specificity 76.7%) and 0.56 (sensitivity 79.3%, specificity 69.8%), respectively. When analyzed by sex, BMI, WC, WHtR, and LAP yielded the highest Youden's index values for the prediction of MetS in older women. CONCLUSION The indicators LAP, WC, and WHtR performed well in identifying the presence of MetS in older women and could be used to individually or collectively assess and monitor MetS.
Collapse
|
10
|
Chiu TH, Huang YC, Chiu H, Wu PY, Chiou HYC, Huang JC, Chen SC. Comparison of Various Obesity-Related Indices for Identification of Metabolic Syndrome: A Population-Based Study from Taiwan Biobank. Diagnostics (Basel) 2020; 10:diagnostics10121081. [PMID: 33322810 PMCID: PMC7763700 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics10121081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the performance of 11 obesity-related indices, including body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, waist-to-height ratio, waist–hip ratio, a body shape index, abdominal volume index, body adiposity index, body roundness index, conicity index, visceral adiposity index (VAI), and triglyceride glucose (TyG) index, in identifying metabolic syndrome (MetS) in adults. The information of 5000 participants was obtained from the Taiwan Biobank. Logistic regression analyses were performed to determine the associations between MetS and obesity-related indices with odds ratio (ORs). The predictive performance of the indices to identify MetS was compared using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and areas under curves (AUCs). Multivariate-adjusted logistic regression showed that the ORs for MetS increased across the quartiles of each index. ROC curves analysis demonstrated that TyG index had the greatest AUC in men (AUC = 0.850) and women (AUC = 0.890). Furthermore, VAI had the greatest AUC in men (AUC = 0.867) and women (AUC = 0.925) aged 30−50 years, while TyG index had the greatest AUC in men (AUC = 0.849) and women (AUC = 0.854) aged 51−70 years. Among the studied obesity-related indices, TyG index and VAI exhibited the best performance for identifying MetS in adults. TyG index and VAI may be the relevant indices to assess MetS in clinical practice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tai-Hua Chiu
- Department of General Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; (T.-H.C.); (H.C.)
| | - Ya-Chin Huang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 801, Taiwan;
- Department of Occupational & Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Hsuan Chiu
- Department of General Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; (T.-H.C.); (H.C.)
| | - Pei-Yu Wu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 812, Taiwan; (P.-Y.W.); (S.-C.C.)
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Ying Clair Chiou
- Teaching and Research Center of Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 812, Taiwan;
| | - Jiun-Chi Huang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 812, Taiwan; (P.-Y.W.); (S.-C.C.)
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Research Center for Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-7-8036783 (ext. 3441)
| | - Szu-Chia Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 812, Taiwan; (P.-Y.W.); (S.-C.C.)
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Research Center for Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Kundimi S, Kavungala KC, Sinha S, Tayi VNR, Kundurthi NR, Golakoti T, Davis B, Sengupta K. Combined extracts of Moringa oleifera, Murraya koeingii leaves, and Curcuma longa rhizome increases energy expenditure and controls obesity in high-fat diet-fed rats. Lipids Health Dis 2020; 19:198. [PMID: 32859217 PMCID: PMC7455912 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-020-01376-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background LI85008F is a proprietary combination of leaf extracts of Moringa oleifera, Murraya koeingii, and extract of Curcuma longa rhizome. This herbal extract combination is an effective weight loss supplement for overweight and obese subjects. The present study aimed to investigate the thermogenic potential of the LI85008F in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese Sprague Dawley rats. Methods Seven rats received a regular diet (RD), and twenty-one rats received a high-fat diet (HFD) for 56 days. On day 28, the HFD-fed rats were randomized into three groups (n = 7). Starting from day 29 through day 56, one HFD-fed group received daily oral gavage of 0.5% Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium (CMC) alone (HFD), and the remaining two groups received 100 and 250 mg/kg LI85008F (LI85008F-100 and LI85008F-250, respectively). Body weight, fat mass, fat cell size, liver weight, liver triglyceride were measured. The energy metabolism parameters were measured using indirect calorimetry. In serum, the metabolic and endocrine markers were analyzed. The adipogenic and thermoregulatory proteins expression in the white adipose tissue (WAT) were analyzed using an immunoblot assay. Results Supplementation with both doses of LI85008F significantly increased resting energy expenditure (REE) in the obese rats. The LI85008F-250 rats showed significant up-regulation of uncoupling protein-1 (UCP-1) expression, as compared with the HFD rats. LI85008F significantly reduced body weight gain, fat mass, fat cell size, liver weight, and hepatic triglycerides. Serum triglyceride, total cholesterol, glucose, leptin, and fat cell markers were significantly reduced in LI85008F-supplemented rats compared to the HFD rats. Conclusion The present data suggest that LI85008F reduces body fat mass and controls body weight gain via increasing energy metabolism in combination with reduced lipogenesis in diet-fed obese rats.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sreenath Kundimi
- Laila Nutraceuticals R&D Center, JRD Tata Industrial Estate, Kanuru, Vijayawada, Andhra Pradesh, 520007, India
| | - Krishna Chaitanya Kavungala
- Laila Nutraceuticals R&D Center, JRD Tata Industrial Estate, Kanuru, Vijayawada, Andhra Pradesh, 520007, India
| | - Swaraj Sinha
- Laila Nutraceuticals R&D Center, JRD Tata Industrial Estate, Kanuru, Vijayawada, Andhra Pradesh, 520007, India
| | - Venkata Narasimha Rao Tayi
- Laila Nutraceuticals R&D Center, JRD Tata Industrial Estate, Kanuru, Vijayawada, Andhra Pradesh, 520007, India
| | - Nagendra Rao Kundurthi
- Laila Nutraceuticals R&D Center, JRD Tata Industrial Estate, Kanuru, Vijayawada, Andhra Pradesh, 520007, India
| | - Trimurtulu Golakoti
- Laila Nutraceuticals R&D Center, JRD Tata Industrial Estate, Kanuru, Vijayawada, Andhra Pradesh, 520007, India
| | | | - Krishanu Sengupta
- Laila Nutraceuticals R&D Center, JRD Tata Industrial Estate, Kanuru, Vijayawada, Andhra Pradesh, 520007, India.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Abd El–Wahab EW, Shatat HZ, Charl F. Adapting a Prediction Rule for Metabolic Syndrome Risk Assessment Suitable for Developing Countries. J Prim Care Community Health 2020; 10:2150132719882760. [PMID: 31662026 PMCID: PMC6822183 DOI: 10.1177/2150132719882760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a cluster of cardiometabolic disturbances that increases the risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). The early identification of high-risk individuals is the key for halting these conditions. The world is facing a growing epidemic MetS although the magnitude in Egypt is unknown. Objectives: To describe MetS and its determinants among apparently healthy individuals residing in urban and rural communities in Egypt and to establish a model for MetS prediction. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 270 adults from rural and urban districts in Alexandria, Egypt. Participants were clinically evaluated and interviewed for sociodemographic and lifestyle factors and dietary habits. MetS was defined according to the harmonized criteria set by the AHA/NHLBI. The risk of ischemic heart diseases (IHDs), DM and fatty liver were assessed using validated risk prediction charts. A multiple risk model for predicting MetS was developed, and its performance was compared. Results: In total, 57.8% of the study population met the criteria for MetS and were at high risk for developing IHD, DM, and fatty liver. Silent CVD risk factors were identified in 20.4% of the participants. In our proposed multivariate logistic regression model, the predictors of MetS were obesity [OR (95% CI) = 16.3 (6.03-44.0)], morbid obesity [OR (95% CI) = 21.7 (5.3-88.0)], not working [OR (95% CI) = 2.05 (1.1-3.8)], and having a family history of chronic diseases [OR (95% CI) = 4.38 (2.23-8.61)]. Consumption of caffeine once per week protected against MetS by 27.8-fold. The derived prediction rule was accurate in predicting MetS, fatty liver, high risk of DM, and, to a lesser extent, a 10-year lifetime risk of IHD. Conclusion: Central obesity and sedentary lifestyles are accountable for the rising rates of MetS in our society. Interventions are needed to minimize the potential predisposition of the Egyptian population to cardiometabolic diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ekram W. Abd El–Wahab
- Department of Tropical Health, High Institute of Public Health, Alexandria University, Egypt
- Ekram W. Abd El- Wahab, Tropical Health Department, High Institute of Public Health, Alexandria University, 165 El Horreya Road, Alexandria, 21561, Egypt.
| | - Hanan Z. Shatat
- Department of Tropical Health, High Institute of Public Health, Alexandria University, Egypt
| | - Fahmy Charl
- Department of Occupational Health and Air Pollution (Division of Occupational Health and Industrial Medicine), High Institute of Public Health, Alexandria University, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Laohabut I, Udol K, Phisalprapa P, Srivanichakorn W, Chaisathaphol T, Washirasaksiri C, Sitasuwan T, Chouriyagune C, Auesomwang C. Neck circumference as a predictor of metabolic syndrome: A cross-sectional study. Prim Care Diabetes 2020; 14:265-273. [PMID: 31530470 DOI: 10.1016/j.pcd.2019.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2019] [Revised: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Data relating to the association between neck circumference (NC) and metabolic syndrome (MetS) in Southeast Asian population are scarce. AIMS We aimed to investigate association between NC and MetS in Thai adults, and to determine gender-specific NC cutoff values for predicting MetS. METHODS This cross-sectional study enrolled patients aged ≥18years that attended the health examination center at Siriraj Hospital (Bangkok, Thailand) during February 2016 to January 2017. Demographic, clinical, anthropometric data, and biochemical investigations for diagnosing MetS were collected. RESULTS 390 patients (age 35.5±9.7years with range 20-73years; 81.3% women) were included. Mean NC was significantly higher in MetS than in non-MetS (p<0.001). Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis revealed NC ≥38cm and ≥33cm to be the optimal cutoff points for MetS in men and women, respectively. Body mass index and anthropometric indices were positively correlated with NC in both men and women. Among women, all components of MetS were significantly associated with NC. CONCLUSIONS Using the identified gender-specific cutoff values, NC is a useful tool for predicting MetS in Thais. NC was found to be well-correlated with almost all of the metabolic risk factors, anthropometric indices, and MetS components evaluated in this study.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Issarayus Laohabut
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Kamol Udol
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Pochamana Phisalprapa
- Division of Ambulatory Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Weerachai Srivanichakorn
- Division of Ambulatory Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Thanet Chaisathaphol
- Division of Ambulatory Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Chaiwat Washirasaksiri
- Division of Ambulatory Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Tullaya Sitasuwan
- Division of Ambulatory Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Charoen Chouriyagune
- Division of Ambulatory Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Chonticha Auesomwang
- Division of Ambulatory Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Lee BJ, Kim JY. Identification of metabolic syndrome using phenotypes consisting of triglyceride levels with anthropometric indices in Korean adults. BMC Endocr Disord 2020; 20:29. [PMID: 32103744 PMCID: PMC7045372 DOI: 10.1186/s12902-020-0510-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The metabolic syndrome (MetS) has shown strong associations with the hypertriglyceridemic waist (HW) phenotype. The best anthropometric indicator of MetS remains controversial. Furthermore, no studies have investigated alternative indices that could replace waist circumference in the HW phenotype. The objectives of this study were to find the best indicator of MetS among anthropometric indices and to examine the predictive power of phenotypes consisting of triglyceride levels with anthropometric indices. METHODS A total of 12,025 subjects participated in this retrospective cross-sectional study. All subjects were recruited between November 2016 and August 2007 from hospitals in 28 urban and rural regions in South Korea. The data analyzed in this study were obtained from the Korean Health and Genome Epidemiology Study database and the Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine. RESULTS The proportion of patients with MetS ranged from 9 to 57% according to age and gender groups. Waist circumference (WC) was best indicator of MetS in men of all age groups. However, in women aged 40-49 years, the waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) was the best indicator of MetS. Rib circumference and chest circumference were the strongest indicators in women aged 50-59 years and 70-79 years, respectively. The combination of WC and triglyceride (TG) was the best indicator of MetS in men and women overall. However, interestingly, the best indicator was TG + WHtR in women aged 40-49 years and TG + forehead-to-waist ratio in women aged 70-79 years. CONCLUSIONS The best indicator of MetS in terms of individual anthropometric indices and the various phenotypes combining a single anthropometric index with TG may differ subtly according to age group in women, but not in men. Our findings provide insight into a simple and inexpensive method that could be used to identify MetS in initial health screening efforts in epidemiology and public health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bum Ju Lee
- Future Medicine Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 1672 Yuseongdae-ro, Yuseong-gu, Deajeon, 305-811 Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Yeol Kim
- Future Medicine Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 1672 Yuseongdae-ro, Yuseong-gu, Deajeon, 305-811 Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Isfahan Twins Registry (ITR): An Invaluable Platform for Epidemiological and Epigenetic Studies: Design and Methodology of ITR. Twin Res Hum Genet 2020; 22:579-582. [PMID: 31955715 DOI: 10.1017/thg.2019.119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Twin studies are one of the main tools for studying the interaction between genes and the environment in the development of complex diseases such as cancers, cardiovascular diseases and diabetes. The Isfahan Twin Registry (ITR) was launched in Isfahan in 2017 as a pilot study to establish a nationwide twin registry in Iran and aims to obtain comprehensive information about complex diseases and their risk factors from twins and multiples living in Isfahan. ITR will continue to recruit twins and multiples until all twins residing in Isfahan are registered in the registry. Twins are identified from welfare agencies, public health homes, maternity hospitals, Persian Twins Association and the local media. Demographic information, twin similarities, lifestyle, family history of diseases and past medical history are collected using validated questionnaires. Anthropometric measurements and blood pressure are measured by health professionals. Hematology panel, fasting blood sugar, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein, high-density lipoprotein, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase and quantitative C-reactive protein are measured by an automated analyzer. Extra samples are obtained for future studies. For twins aged under 6 years, parents complete the questionnaires for their children and a brief questionnaire for themselves. Currently, 998 persons (395 pairs and 67 multiples) are registered in the ITR and have provided their data. Results of preliminary data analysis are discussed in this article. We plan to carry out longitudinal assessments. ITR can play an important role in future epigenetic, biomarkers and omics studies using the biobank materials.
Collapse
|
16
|
Liu PJ, Lou HP, Zhu YN. Screening for Metabolic Syndrome Using an Integrated Continuous Index Consisting of Waist Circumference and Triglyceride: A Preliminary Cross-sectional Study. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2020; 13:2899-2907. [PMID: 32884316 PMCID: PMC7443454 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s259770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND It has been suggested that hypertriglyceridemic waist (HW) phenotype is strongly associated with metabolic syndrome (MetS); however, there are very limited studies integrating triglyceride (TG) and waist circumference (WC) into a continuous variable to investigate the predictive power of this phenotype. Inspired from the triglyceride glucose index (TyG), we developed an integrated continuous index termed waist-triglyceride index (WTI) which was calculated as Ln [TG (mg/dl) WC (cm)/2]. OBJECTIVE We aimed to examine the potential of WTI in screening for MetS by comparing this quantitative index with the qualitative HW phenotype and other frequently used indices. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted in a total of 3460 non-diabetic adults who participated in an annual health checkup. MetS was defined by the update National Cholesterol Education Program/Adult Treatment Panel ш criteria for Asian Americans. Receiving operating characteristic (ROC) curve and areas under the curve (AUC) were employed to evaluate the performance of the involved indices in screening for MetS. Statistical differences among the AUC values of the indices were compared. RESULTS In both genders, the AUC value of WTI, TyG or HW phenotype was markedly larger than that of each anthropometric index alone. In men, there were no statistical differences in the AUC values among WTI, TyG and HW phenotype, whereas in women, the AUC value of WTI was significantly larger than that of HW phenotype [difference between area (DBA): 0.042, 95% CI: 0.0224-0.0617, P < 0.0001] and was nominally and significantly smaller than that of TyG (DBA: 0.00646, 95% CI: 0.000903-0.012, P = 0.0227). CONCLUSION Our results suggest that there are discriminatory performance between the WTI and HW phenotype in the detection of MetS in women rather than in men. Appropriate markers for screening MetS in population study should be considered according to the genders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peng Ju Liu
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, China Academic Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Peng Ju Liu Tel +86-10-69155550Fax +86-10-69155551 Email
| | - Hui Ping Lou
- Department of Medical Examination Center, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, China Academic Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yan Ning Zhu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, China Academic Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Mirmiran P, Gaeini Z, Bahadoran Z, Azizi F. Elevated serum levels of aminotransferases in relation to unhealthy foods intake: Tehran lipid and glucose study. BMC Endocr Disord 2019; 19:100. [PMID: 31615498 PMCID: PMC6792212 DOI: 10.1186/s12902-019-0437-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Abnormal levels of liver enzymes, particularly aminotransferases, are prognostic features of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Considering the important role of dietary intakes in development of NAFLD, we aimed to determine possible association of unhealthy foods (fast foods, soft drinks, sweet and salty snacks) consumption with elevated levels of aminotransferases. METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted within the framework of sixth phase of the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study (2014-2017), on 187 adult men and 249 adult women (19-70 y). Usual intakes of unhealthy foods (kcal/week) were measured using a validated semi-quantitative 147-items food frequency questionnaire. Serum levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) were measured. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to estimate the odds of elevated aminotransferases in each tertile of energy-dense unhealthy foods. RESULTS Mean age of participants was 44.44 ± 15.09 years, 43% of participants were men. Higher consumption of fast foods (> 11.39% kcal/week) was associated with elevated ALT to AST ratio (OR: 3.27; 95% CI: 1.90-5.63) and elevated ALT (OR: 2.74; 95% CI: 1.57-4.76). Also, each 1 SD increased energy intakes from fast foods was related to increased chance of having elevated ALT and ALT to AST ratio by 35% (OR: 1.35; 95% CI: 1.08-1.68, OR: 1.35; 95% CI: 1.10-1.66, respectively). There was no significant association between consumption of soft drinks, sweet or salty snacks and elevated aminotransferases. CONCLUSIONS Higher intakes of energy from fast foods seems to be associated with an elevated serum levels of ALT and ALT to AST ratio, as indicators of development of NAFLD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Parvin Mirmiran
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Gaeini
- Nutrition and Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, No. 24, Shahid-Erabi St., Yeman St., Velenjak, P.O. Box: 19395-4763, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Bahadoran
- Nutrition and Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, No. 24, Shahid-Erabi St., Yeman St., Velenjak, P.O. Box: 19395-4763, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fereidoun Azizi
- Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Yang YJ, Park HJ, Won KB, Chang HJ, Park GM, Kim YG, Ann SH, Park EJ, Kim SJ, Lee SG. Relationship between the optimal cut-off values of anthropometric indices for predicting metabolic syndrome and carotid intima-medial thickness in a Korean population. Medicine (Baltimore) 2019; 98:e17620. [PMID: 31626142 PMCID: PMC6824692 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000017620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Anthropometric measurements are simple and useful methods for predicting metabolic syndrome (MetS) because obesity is a predominant feature of MetS. Although carotid intima-medial thickness (IMT) is generally used to evaluate subclinical atherosclerosis, the relationship between the optimal cut-off anthropometric values for predicting MetS and carotid IMT has not been analyzed in a Korean population.Anthropometric measurements including waist circumference (WC), waist hip ratio (WHR), waist height ratio (WHtR), body mass index (BMI), and carotid IMT were assessed in 2560 Korean subjects without previous history of cardiovascular disease, cerebrovascular disease, neurological abnormalities, or malignancy who participated in baseline health examinations in a self-referral setting in the Seoul area between April 2010 and November 2012. MetS was defined using the National Cholesterol Education Program-Adult Treatment Panel III criteria.In both men and women, the levels of all anthropometric indices were significantly higher in subjects with MetS than in those without MetS. According to the receiver operating characteristic curve, the values of 80.8 cm for WC, 0.87 for WHR, 0.52 for WHtR, and 24.6 kg/m for BMI were the optimal cut-offs for predicting MetS in women. The values of 89.3 cm for WC, 0.90 for WHR, 0.52 for WHtR, and 25.1 kg/m for BMI were the optimal cut-offs for predicting MetS in men. After adjusting for confounding factors, the WC optimal cut-off values for predicting MetS were independently associated with carotid IMT in both women and men (women: β = 0.016, P = .008; men: β = 0.033, P = .009). The optimal BMI cut-off value was independently associated with carotid IMT in men only (β = 0.027, P = .032).Among anthropometric indices including WC, WHR, WHtR, and BMI, the WC optimal cut-off values for MetS were independently associated with an increased carotid IMT in both women and men in a Korean population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Jin Yang
- Division of Cardiology, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan
- Division of Cardiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul
| | - Ho-Jong Park
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan
| | - Ki-Bum Won
- Division of Cardiology, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan
| | - Hyuk-Jae Chang
- Division of Cardiology, Yonsei Cardiovascular Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul
| | - Gyung-Min Park
- Division of Cardiology, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan
| | - Yong-Giun Kim
- Division of Cardiology, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan
| | - Soe Hee Ann
- Division of Cardiology, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan
| | - Eun Ji Park
- Medical Information Center, Ulsan University Hospital, Ulsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Shin-Jae Kim
- Division of Cardiology, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan
| | - Sang-Gon Lee
- Division of Cardiology, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Percent body fat and adiposity indicators: a study among tribal and non-tribal females of India. Int J Diabetes Dev Ctries 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s13410-019-00733-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
|
20
|
Vázquez CMP, Costa JO, Bomfim LGS, Pires LV, da Silva DG, Fukutani KF, de Jesus AR, de Jesus Silva N, de Jesus Santana G, de Moura TR, Barbosa K. Oxidized Low-Density Lipoprotein (Ox-LDL) and Triggering Receptor-Expressed Myeloid Cell (TREM-1) Levels Are Associated with Cardiometabolic Risk in Nonobese, Clinically Healthy, and Young Adults. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:7306867. [PMID: 30944697 PMCID: PMC6421781 DOI: 10.1155/2019/7306867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2018] [Revised: 11/26/2018] [Accepted: 12/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative and inflammatory substances play an important role in the genesis of processes related to cardiometabolic risk. High levels of oxidized low-density lipoprotein (Ox-LDL) and of triggering receptor-expressed myeloid cells (TREM-1) are associated with cardiovascular and inflammatory diseases. In this study, we evaluate the association of the plasma concentrations of Ox-LDL and serum levels of circulating TREM-1 (sTREM-1) with the components of cardiometabolic risk (CMR) and other associated risk parameters. Although the individuals in this study were young, nonobese, and did not have signs, symptoms, and diagnosis of diseases, they already presented components of CMR. Ox-LDL lipid fraction correlated positively with CMR-related markers: body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), body fat percentage, total cholesterol, LDL-c, VLDL-c, triglycerides, atherogenic cholesterol, and atherogenic index. Among these parameters, atherogenic cholesterol had a greater predictive effect for Ox-LDL alterations. Individuals with higher serum concentrations of sTREM-1 presented higher values for BMI, WC, triglycerides, VLDL-c, and atherogenic cholesterol. WC showed an effect on the association between the sTREM-1's inflammatory response and the components of CMR. The association of oxidative and inflammatory markers with anthropometric parameters and atherogenic cholesterol in nonobese, clinically healthy, and young individuals suggests the importance of early evaluation of these markers in order to prevent future cardiac events.
Collapse
|
21
|
Tahmasebi S, Nikniaz L, Mahdavi R. Predictive performance of obesity indexes for the risk of high blood pressure in an adult population. NUTR CLIN METAB 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nupar.2018.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
22
|
Owolabi EO, Ter Goon D, Adeniyi OV, Ajayi AI. Optimal waist circumference cut-off points for predicting metabolic syndrome among low-income black South African adults. BMC Res Notes 2018; 11:22. [PMID: 29329600 PMCID: PMC5766973 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-018-3136-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2017] [Accepted: 01/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Waist circumference has been identified as one of the strongest predictive tool for metabolic syndrome. This study determines the optimal cut-off point of waist circumference for metabolic syndrome among low-income earning South African black population, in Eastern Cape, South Africa. The optimal waist circumference cut-off point was determined through receiver operating characteristics analysis using the maximum Youden index. RESULTS Among men, waist circumference at a cut-off value of 95.25 cm yielded the highest Youden index of 0.773 (sensitivity = 98%, specificity = 79%, area under curve 0.893). For women, waist circumference of 89.45 cm yielded the highest Youden index of 0.339 (sensitivity = 88%, specificity = 46%, area under curve 0.713). The prevalence of metabolic syndrome among men, women and both sexes using the new cut-off points were: 17.8, 20.8 and 17.7%, respectively, compared to; 15.6, 24.8 and 21.8%, using the traditional cut-off values of 94 and 80 cm for men and women, respectively. The traditional waist circumference value slightly under-estimated the prevalence of metabolic syndrome among men and over-estimated among women and the overall population. A specific waist circumference cut-off point for South African blacks is needed for correct identification of the metabolic state of the populace in order to develop appropriate interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eyitayo Omolara Owolabi
- Department of Nursing Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Fort Hare, East London, South Africa.
| | - Daniel Ter Goon
- Department of Nursing Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Fort Hare, East London, South Africa
| | - Oladele Vincent Adeniyi
- Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Walter Sisulu University, Cecilia Makiwane Hospital, East London Hospital Complex, East London, South Africa
| | - Anthony Idowu Ajayi
- Department of Sociology, Faculty of Social Science and Humanities, University of Fort Hare, East London, South Africa
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Cheng L, Yan W, Zhu L, Chen Y, Liu J, Xu Y, Ji L, He J. Comparative analysis of IDF, ATPIII and CDS in the diagnosis of metabolic syndrome among adult inhabitants in Jiangxi Province, China. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0189046. [PMID: 29216328 PMCID: PMC5720703 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0189046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2017] [Accepted: 11/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Currently, the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MS) has attracted widespread public attention. However, there is a war regarding the applicability of the diagnosis in different populations regarding the distinct criteria for the diagnosis of MS. Data about the prevalence rate of MS and its components in Jiangxi Province are limited. Thus, our goals were to compare the consistency rates and applicability of three criteria, i.e., those of the International Diabetes Federation (IDF), the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment PanelⅢ (ATPⅢ), and the Chinese Diabetes Society (CDS). Methods From September 2013 to March 2014, 5959 residents (age≥18 years) from Jiangxi Province were selected by multistage stratified cluster random sampling methods. The prevalence rate of MS and its components were calculated according to the IDF, ATPⅢ and CDS criteria, and the protocols of the different criteria were measured in terms of consistency with the kappa statistic and Youden’s index. Receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to explore the optimal cut-off points of body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC). Results The mean age of the participants was 50.52±13.92 years among the total of 5959 individuals (2451 male and 3508 female). The standardized prevalence rate of MS was 19.85%, 24.77% and 9.95% according to the IDF, ATPⅢ and CDS criteria, respectively. The order of the prevalence rates of the different components of MS according to the IDF or ATPⅢ criteria from high to low were as follows: elevated blood pressure, central obesity, reduced high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), hyperglycemia, and hypertriglyceridemia. The most prevalent component of MS, according to the CDS criterion, was being overweight or obese, followed by elevated blood pressure, dyslipidemia and hyperglycemia. The Youden’s index in IDF criterion was higher than which in CDS criterion (0.79 for IDF vs. 0.38 for CDS) referring to the ATPⅢ criterion. The agreement between the IDF and ATPⅢ criteria was good (kappa = 0.85), whereas the agreement of the CDS with the IDF and ATPⅢ criteria was moderate (kappa = 0.46 and 0.46, respectively). The ability to predict MS risk factors clusters was superior when the BMI cut-off point was 24/24kg/m2 (male/female), and the WC cut-off point was 87/80cm (male/female). Among the 18~59 years old male group, BMI was superior to WC in predicting clusters of risk factors for MS; while in the 60 years and above male group and all-age female group, WC was superior to BMI. Conclusion Our results revealed that the prevalence rate of metabolic syndrome among adults was high in Jiangxi Province. BMI and WC had different ability to predict clusters of risk factors for MS in different age groups and gender. Among the three criteria for MS, there was bigger difference in applicability for the adults of Jiangxi Province. The choice of the appropriate criteria should be based on the actual conditions of the site.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lengmei Cheng
- School of Public Health, Nanchang University, Nanchang, P.R. China
| | - Wei Yan
- Jiangxi Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanchang, P.R. China
| | - Liping Zhu
- School of Public Health, Nanchang University, Nanchang, P.R. China
- Jiangxi Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanchang, P.R. China
- * E-mail:
| | - Yiying Chen
- Jiangxi Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanchang, P.R. China
| | - Jie Liu
- Jiangxi Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanchang, P.R. China
| | - Yan Xu
- Jiangxi Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanchang, P.R. China
| | - Lu Ji
- Jiangxi Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanchang, P.R. China
| | - Junrong He
- Ganzhou People’s Hospital, Ganzhou, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Yoo B, Nam H, Hwang IC, Park Y. Correlation of Cardiovascular Risk Factors with Central Obesity and Multiple Body Mass Index in Korea. Korean J Fam Med 2017; 38:338-345. [PMID: 29209473 PMCID: PMC5711652 DOI: 10.4082/kjfm.2017.38.6.338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2016] [Revised: 08/31/2016] [Accepted: 09/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) are associated with cardiovascular (CV) risk factors. The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation of CV risk factors by cross-tabulating central obesity with multiple BMI categories in Korea. Methods A total of 328,789 adults aged 30–84 years who completed health assessments for National Health Insurance in 2012–2013 in Korea were examined. The participants were divided into two WC and five BMI groups to investigate CV risk factors, including metabolic syndrome (MetS), hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia. Results The proportions of central obesity and obesity were 24.2% and 39.5% in men and 19.4% and 28.1% in women, respectively, according to the Korean Society for the Study of Obesity and World Health Organization Asia-Pacific Guideline criteria. The odds ratios (ORs) of CV risk factors in all sexes increased with increases in BMI and WC. Compared to the group with a normal WC and BMI, the adjusted ORs (95% confidence intervals) for having MetS and diabetes in the centrally obese and highest BMI group (BMI ≥30.0 kg/m2) were 35.95 (33.75–38.30) and 3.51 (3.26–3.77) in men and 29.22 (27.36–31.20) and 4.35 (4.02–4.70) in women, respectively. Participants who were centrally obese and obese (BMI ≥25.0 kg/m2) had the strongest correlation with all CV risk factors compared with those who were not centrally obese or obese. Conclusion The presence of central obesity in multiple BMI categories may significantly identify individuals at increased risk of CV risk factors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bora Yoo
- Department of Family Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hosuk Nam
- Department of Family Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - In Cheol Hwang
- Department of Family Medicine, Gachon University Gil Hospital, Incheon, Korea
| | - Youngmin Park
- Department of Family Medicine, National Health Insurance Service Ilsan Hospital, Goyang, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Mehran L, Amouzegar A, Bakhtiyari M, Mansournia MA, Rahimabad PK, Tohidi M, Azizi F. Variations in Serum Free Thyroxine Concentration Within the Reference Range Predicts the Incidence of Metabolic Syndrome in Non-Obese Adults: A Cohort Study. Thyroid 2017; 27:886-893. [PMID: 28486021 DOI: 10.1089/thy.2016.0557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The association of changes in thyroid hormone values over time with the incidence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) has not yet been evaluated. For the first time, this study assessed the effect of thyroid hormone variations in the subclinical and euthyroid range on the incidence of MetS and its components over a 10-year follow-up in an adult population. METHODS Data were analyzed from the prospective population-based Tehran Thyroid Study. Of 5786 randomly selected subjects aged ≥20 years, after excluding subjects with MetS (n = 1403), those with serum thyrotropin (TSH) >10 or <0.1 mIU/L (n = 104), those taking thyroid drugs (n = 85) or corticosteroids (n = 97), those with a body mass index (BMI) <18.5 kg/m2, those with a glomerular filtration rate <30, and those with a history of cancer (12), data for 2393 subjects were analyzed. Body weight, waist circumference, and blood pressure were measured, and serum concentrations of lipids and lipoproteins, fasting blood glucose, insulin, free thyroxine (fT4), and TSH were assayed at baseline and during three follow-up studies at three-year intervals. MetS was determined using definition of the Joint Interim Statement, adjusted for the Iranian population. RESULTS An increase in fT4 values overtime was associated with lower odds of abdominal obesity (odds ratio [OR] = 0.49 [confidence interval (CI) 0.35-0.69]) and hypertriglyceridemia (OR = 0.57 [CI 0.41-0.78]), and with higher odds of hypertension (OR = 1.35 [CI 1.05-1.74]), adjusted for age, sex, smoking, BMI, and Homeostasis Model Assessment Index for Insulin Resistance. fT4 was associated with lower odds of MetS in the crude model, and after adjustment for age, sex, and smoking (OR = 0.59 [CI 0.39-0.9]). This association lost its significance after further adjusting for BMI. In a subgroup analysis of obese (i.e. BMI ≥30 kg/m2) and non-obese (i.e., BMI <30 kg/m2) subjects, fT4 was a significant predictor of MetS only in non-obese subjects after adjusting for age, sex, and smoking (β = 0.49 [CI 0.29-0.83], p = 0.007) and also after further adjustment for Homeostasis Model Assessment Index for Insulin Resistance (β = 0.57 [CI 0.34-0.96], p = 0.03). Serum TSH variations over time were not associated with any of the MetS components or with odds of MetS. CONCLUSION A decrease in serum fT4 values is associated with an increased risk for MetS, especially in non-obese adults.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ladan Mehran
- 1 Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences , Tehran, I. R. Iran
| | - Atieh Amouzegar
- 1 Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences , Tehran, I. R. Iran
| | - Mahmood Bakhtiyari
- 1 Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences , Tehran, I. R. Iran
- 2 Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran, I. R. Iran
| | - Mohammad Ali Mansournia
- 2 Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran, I. R. Iran
| | - Parnian Kheirkhah Rahimabad
- 1 Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences , Tehran, I. R. Iran
| | - Maryam Tohidi
- 3 Prevention of Metabolic Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences , Tehran, I. R. Iran
| | - Fereidoun Azizi
- 1 Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences , Tehran, I. R. Iran
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Motamed N, Sohrabi M, Poustchi H, Maadi M, Malek M, Keyvani H, Amoli MS, Zamani F. The six obesity indices, which one is more compatible with metabolic syndrome? A population based study. Diabetes Metab Syndr 2017; 11:173-177. [PMID: 27658893 DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2016.08.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2016] [Accepted: 08/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The present study was conducted to determine the best discriminators in the diagnosis of the metabolic syndrome (MetS) among six obesity indexes. Furthermore the optimal cutoff points for all obesity indexes were determined. METHODS The baseline data of 5910 subjects of Haraz cohort study which was conducted in northern Iran were analyzed. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses were separately performed to determine discriminatory power of six obesity indexes, including, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), waist to hip ratio (WHR), waist to height ratio (WHtR), abdominal volume index (AVI) and conicity index (CI) for diagnosis of at least two other components of MetS. Youden index was used to determine the optimal cutoff points. RESULTS While the optimal cutoff points in men were 26.0kg/m2 for BMI, 90cm for WC, 0.90 for WHR, 0.53 for WHtR, 16.6 (cm2) for AVI and 1.24(m32/kg12) for CI, the optimal values in women were 29.0kg/m2 for BMI, 91cm for WC, 0.86 for WHR, 0.58 for WHtR, 17.0(cm2) for AVI and 1.23 (m32/kg12) for CI. The prevalence of overweight or obesity was 46.1% to 54.1% in women and 49.5% to 53.6% in men based on various obesity indexes. The area under the ROC curves (AUCs) varied from 0.671(0.651-0.690) for CI to 0.718(0.700-0.736) for WC in men and from 0.668 (0.646-0.690) for BMI to 0.755(0.735-0.774) for WHR and CI in women. CONCLUSION Except for CI in men and BMI in women, other obesity indexes were good discriminator in the diagnosis of the MetS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nima Motamed
- Department of Social Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran; Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Research Center (GILDRC), Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoudreza Sohrabi
- Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Research Center (GILDRC), Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Poustchi
- Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Research Center (GILDRC), Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Liver and Pancreatobiliary Diseases Research Center, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mansooreh Maadi
- Amol Health Network, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Amol, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Malek
- Endocrine Research Center, Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Keyvani
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Farhad Zamani
- Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Research Center (GILDRC), Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
He J, Ma R, Liu J, Zhang M, Ding Y, Guo H, Mu L, Zhang J, Wei B, Yan Y, Ma J, Pang H, Li S, Guo S. The Optimal Ethnic-Specific Waist-Circumference Cut-Off Points of Metabolic Syndrome among Low-Income Rural Uyghur Adults in Far Western China and Implications in Preventive Public Health. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2017; 14:ijerph14020158. [PMID: 28208723 PMCID: PMC5334712 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph14020158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2016] [Revised: 01/25/2017] [Accepted: 01/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Background: Metabolic syndrome is pandemic; however, the cut-off values for waist circumference (WC) vary widely depending on the ethnic groups studied and the criteria applied for WC measurement. Previous studies for defining optimal WC cut-off points included high-income and urban settings, and did not cover low-income, rural settings, especially for ethnic minorities. This study aimed at defining optimal ethnic-specific WC cut-off points in a low-income, rural population comprising the largest inhabitant minority group residing in far Western China. Methods: Questionnaire-based surveys, physical examinations, and blood testing of 3542 individuals were conducted in 2010, using a stratified cluster random sampling method in rural Uyghur residents (≥18 years old) from 12 villages in Xinjiang, China, approximately 4407 km away from the capital city, Beijing. Metabolic syndrome was defined according to the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) criteria. Optimal, ethnic-specific WC cut-off values for diagnosing metabolic syndrome were determined using receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. Results: As WC increased, there was a significant, increasing trend of detection and risk in rural Uyghur adults, regardless of the presence of ≥1 or ≥2 components of metabolic syndrome by IDF criteria. The optimal ethnic-specific WC cut-off point to predict the presence of metabolic syndrome was 85 cm for men and 82 cm for women. With these cut-off points, the prevalence rates of metabolic syndrome among men, women, and overall population in Uyghur adults were 19.5%, 23.0%, and 21.3%, respectively. Conclusions: We report a high prevalence of metabolic syndrome, especially in women, among rural Uyghurs in Western China. A WC cut-off of 85 cm in men and 82 cm in women was the best predictor of metabolic syndrome in this population. Because of the cost-effectiveness in measuring WC, we recommend that these WC cut-off points be integrated into local preventive policies for public health as the primary screening criteria for metabolic syndrome and related diseases among low-income, rural minorities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jia He
- Department of Public Health and Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases of the Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832002, China.
| | - Rulin Ma
- Department of Public Health and Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases of the Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832002, China.
| | - Jiaming Liu
- Department of Public Health and Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases of the Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832002, China.
| | - Mei Zhang
- Department of Public Health and Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases of the Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832002, China.
| | - Yusong Ding
- Department of Public Health and Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases of the Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832002, China.
| | - Heng Guo
- Department of Public Health and Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases of the Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832002, China.
| | - Lati Mu
- Department of Public Health and Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases of the Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832002, China.
| | - Jingyu Zhang
- Department of Public Health and Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases of the Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832002, China.
| | - Bin Wei
- Department of Public Health and Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases of the Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832002, China.
| | - Yizhong Yan
- Department of Public Health and Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases of the Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832002, China.
| | - Jiaolong Ma
- Department of Public Health and Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases of the Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832002, China.
| | - Hongrui Pang
- Department of Public Health and Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases of the Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832002, China.
| | - Shugang Li
- Department of Public Health and Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases of the Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832002, China.
| | - Shuxia Guo
- Department of Public Health and Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases of the Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832002, China.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
de Oliveira CC, Roriz AKC, Ramos LB, Gomes Neto M. Indicators of Adiposity Predictors of Metabolic Syndrome in the Elderly. ANNALS OF NUTRITION AND METABOLISM 2017; 70:9-15. [PMID: 28103600 DOI: 10.1159/000455333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2016] [Accepted: 12/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adiposity indicators can be used as predictors of cardiovascular risk in the elderly. However, there are only a very few studies that deal with the accuracy of adiposity indicators as predictors of metabolic syndrome (MS) in the elderly. We evaluated the performance of adiposity indicators of MS prediction in the elderly. METHODS A cross-sectional study with 203 elderly people of both genders. VARIABLES MS defined by harmonized criteria, waist circumference (WC), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), conicity index (CI), lipid accumulation product (LAP), and visceral adiposity index (VAI). Area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), sensitivity (sens) and specificity (spec). RESULTS The WC, WHtR, and LAP indicators showed the highest AUC, with values greater than 0.84. For the general population, WHtR and LAP had the highest Youden index values, identifying a point of approximately 0.55 (sens: 85.6%; spec: 80.4%) for WHtR and 32.3 (sens: 81.1%; spec: 75.0%) for LAP. When analyzed by gender, it was observed that the WC and WHtR had the highest Youden index values for prediction of MS in both genders. The CI and VAI showed the lowest discriminatory power for MS. CONCLUSION Both the adiposity indicators, WC and WHtR, as well as LAP, had high accuracy in MS discrimination. Therefore, they are effective in MS assessment in the elderly and during follow-up for individual and collective clinical practice.
Collapse
|
29
|
Al-Rubean K, Youssef AM, Al Farsi Y, Al-Sharqawi AH, Bawazeer N, Al Otaibi MT, AlRumaih FI, Zaidi MS. Anthropometric cutoff values for predicting metabolic syndrome in a Saudi community: from the SAUDI-DM study. Ann Saudi Med 2017; 37:21-30. [PMID: 28151453 PMCID: PMC6148981 DOI: 10.5144/0256-4947.2017.21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prevalence of metabolic syndrome varies widely by ethnicity and by the criteria used in its definition. OBJECTIVE To identify the optimal cutoff values for waist circumference (WC), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) and body mass index (BMI) for identifying metabolic syndrome among the Saudi population. DESIGN Nationwide household cross-sectional population-based survey. SETTING Thirteen health sectors in Saudi Arabia. SUBJECTS AND METHODS We used data for subjects in the Saudi Abnormal Glucose Metabolism and Diabetes Impact Study (SAUDI-DM), which was conducted from 2007 to 2009. Using International Diabetes Federation (IDF) criteria, metabolic syndrome and its different components were assessed using anthropometric measurements, blood pressure, fasting plasma glucose, triglycerides and HDL cholesterol. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were generated to assess sensitivity and specificity for different cutoff values of WC, WHR, and BMI. The Youden index was used to calculate the optimal cutoff value for each anthropometric measurement. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) Optimal cutoff value for WC, WHR, and BMI for identifying the risk of metabolic syndrome. RESULTS The prevalence of two or more risk factors for metabolic syndrome was observed in 43.42% of the total cohort of 12126 study participants >=18 years of age. The presence of two or more risk factors were significantly higher among men (46.81%) than women (40.53%) (P < .001). The optimal cutoff values for WC, WHR, and BMI were 92 cm, 0.89, and 25 kg/m2 for men and 87 cm, 0.81 and 28 kg/m2 for women for identifying the risk of metabolic syndrome. The prevalence of elevated triglycerides, blood pressure, and fasting plasma glucose significantly increased with age for both genders. CONCLUSIONS The proposed WC cutoff values were better than WHR and BMI in predicting metabolic syndrome and could be used for screening people at high risk for metabolic syndrome in the Saudi population. LIMITATIONS No direct measure of body fatness and fat distribution, cross-sectional design.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Amira M. Youssef
- Department of Registry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yousuf Al Farsi
- College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmad H. Al-Sharqawi
- Department of Biostatistics, Diabetes Center, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nahla Bawazeer
- Department of Nutrition, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Khosravi A, Ahmadzadeh S, Gharipour M, Golshahi J, Sadeghi M, Jozan M, Sarrafzadegan N. Is there any relationship between different phenotypes of metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular mortality rate? Adv Biomed Res 2016; 5:185. [PMID: 28028525 PMCID: PMC5156976 DOI: 10.4103/2277-9175.192727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2015] [Accepted: 05/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to focus on different phenotypes of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and their impact on the cardiovascular disease (CVD) events among a sample of the Iranian population. MATERIALS AND METHODS The Isfahan cohort study is a population-based, on-going longitudinal study of adults aged 35 years old or more, living in urban and rural areas of three counties in central Iran namely Isfahan, Najafabad and Arak. Participants were selected by multistage random sampling and were recruited to reflect the age, sex and urban/rural distribution of the community. The sample was restricted to subjects with MetS based on the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III criteria and no history of coronary heart disease, stroke, or cancer at the time of the baseline clinical examination. RESULTS Among different phenotypes of MetS components, clustering of high triglycerides (TGs), low high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and abdominal obesity (ABO) was the most related to the all-cause mortality among women and followed in order by high TGs, hypertension (HTN) and ABO. In men, the highest rate of all-cause mortality was related to high TGs, low HDL, and HTN. Clustering of four components (high TGs, low HDL and HTN and obesity) is the most related to all-cause mortality in the both sexes (12.1% in men, and 21.5% in women). CONCLUSION This study showed different phenotypes of MetS related with all-cause mortality rate and existing HTN in the phenotype of MetS increased the incidence of CVD mortality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Khosravi
- Department of Cardiology, Interventional Cardiology Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Sareh Ahmadzadeh
- Hypertension Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mojgan Gharipour
- Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Jafar Golshahi
- Department of Cardiology, Hypertension Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Sadeghi
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiac Rehabilitation Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mahnaz Jozan
- Hypertension Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Nizal Sarrafzadegan
- Department of Cardiology, Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Pre-hypertension, pre-diabetes or both: which is best at predicting cardiovascular events in the long term? J Hum Hypertens 2016; 31:382-387. [PMID: 27334522 DOI: 10.1038/jhh.2016.42] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2015] [Revised: 04/16/2016] [Accepted: 05/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The present study aimed to assess the value of pre-diabetes and pre-hypertension in predicting cardiovascular events. A population-based, cross-sectional survey was conducted, representing a large sample of the general Iranian population aged 35 years and older from the Isfahan Province and determined using a random, multistage cluster-sampling 10-year cohort. The five end points considered as study outcome were unstable angina (UA), acute occurrence of myocardial infarction (MI), sudden cardiac death (SCD), brain stroke and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Of the 6323 subjects scheduled for assessment of diabetes state 617 were diabetics and 712 were pre-diabetic. In addition, of these subjects, 1754 had hypertension and 2500 had pre-hypertension. Analysing only pre-hypertension, pre-diabetes and its combination and adjusted for gender and age variables, pre-hypertension and pre-diabetes status together, could only effectively predict occurrence of MI (hazard ratio (HR)=3.21, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.06-9.76, P=0.04). In the same COX regression models, pre-hypertension status could predict UA and CVD occurrence (HR=2.94, 95% CI: 1.68-5.14, P<0.001 and HR=1.74, 95% CI: 1.23-2.47, P=0.002, respectively). However, pre-diabetes status could not predict any of these events after adjustment for gender and age. Our data provide valuable evidence of the triggering role of pre-hypertension and pre-diabetes together, on appearance and progression of MI even in healthy individuals and the significant predicting value of pre-hypertension on the occurrence of UA and CVD. In this regard, the value of pre-hypertension and pre-diabetes together, and the pre-hypertension state alone, are clearly superior to pre-diabetes state alone in predicting cardiovascular events.
Collapse
|
32
|
Golshahi J, Sadeghi M, Saqira M, Zavar R, Sadeghifar M, Roohafza H. Exposure to occupational air pollution and cardiac function in workers of the Esfahan Steel Industry, Iran. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 23:11759-11765. [PMID: 26946505 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-6334-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2015] [Accepted: 02/21/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Air pollution is recognized as an important risk factor for cardiovascular disease. We investigated association of exposure to occupational air pollution and cardiac function in the workers of the steel industry. Fifty male workers of the agglomeration and coke-making parts of the Esfahan Steel Company were randomly selected (n = 50). Workers in the administrative parts were studied as controls (n = 50). Those with known history of hypertension, dyslipidemia, or diabetes, and active smokers were not included. Data of age, body mass index, employment duration, blood pressure, fasting blood sugar, and lipid profile were gathered. Echocardiography was performed to evaluate cardiac function. Left ventricular ejection fraction was lower in workers of the agglomeration/coke-making parts than in controls (mean difference = 5 to 5.5 %, P < 0.001). Mild right ventricular dilatation and grade I pulmonary hypertension were present in three (12 %) workers of the coke-making part, but none of the controls (P = 0.010). According to these results, occupational air pollution exposure in workers of the steel industry is associated with left heart systolic dysfunction. Possible right heart insults due to air pollution exposure warrant further investigations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jafar Golshahi
- Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Centre, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Sadeghi
- Cardiac Rehabilitation Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Saqira
- Hypertension Research Centre, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Reihaneh Zavar
- Heart Failure Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mostafa Sadeghifar
- Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Centre, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Hamidreza Roohafza
- Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Centre, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Comparison between European and Iranian cutoff points of triglyceride/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations in predicting cardiovascular disease outcomes. J Clin Lipidol 2016; 10:143-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jacl.2015.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2015] [Revised: 09/28/2015] [Accepted: 10/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
|
34
|
Guan X, Sun G, Zheng L, Hu W, Li W, Sun Y. Associations between metabolic risk factors and body mass index, waist circumference, waist-to-height ratio and waist-to-hip ratio in a Chinese rural population. J Diabetes Investig 2015; 7:601-6. [PMID: 27181937 PMCID: PMC4931212 DOI: 10.1111/jdi.12442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2015] [Revised: 10/25/2015] [Accepted: 11/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims/Introduction Obesity plays a central role in metabolic syndrome. Obesity indexes are important in clinical work. In the present study, we sought to determine the relationships between obesity indexes and metabolic risk factors. Materials and Methods We studied 11,568 participants over 35 years. Body mass index, waist circumference (WC), waist‐to‐height ratio (WHtR) and waist‐to‐hip ratio were measured and calculated. To compare the predictive ability of the obesity indexes in diagnosing multiple metabolic risk factors, the areas under receiver operating characteristic curves were calculated, and cut‐off values were determined. A partial correlation coefficient was used to assess the intercorrelations between the obesity indexes, and to evaluate the correlations between each index and each metabolic risk factor. Results The partial correlation coefficient for WHtR and WC was 0.947. In diagnosing multiple metabolic risk factors, the WHtR areas under receiver operating characteristic curves was greater than that for the other obesity indexes in both sexes. The cut‐off point for the WHtR was 0.50 in men and 0.52 in women. The cut‐off point for WC was 85 cm in men and 80 cm in women. Conclusions WHtR strongly correlates with WC. The WHtR might show the same predictive ability as the WC in diagnosing multiple metabolic risk factors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Guan
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Guozhe Sun
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Liqiang Zheng
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Library, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Wenyu Hu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Wenna Li
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yingxian Sun
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Mohammadian M, Hosseini S, Sadeghi M, Sarrafzadegan N, Salehiniya H, Roohafza H, Khazaei S, Mohammadian-Hafshejani A. Trends of 28 days case fatality rate after first acute myocardial infarction in Isfahan, Iran, from 2000 to 2009. ARYA ATHEROSCLEROSIS 2015; 11:233-43. [PMID: 26478731 PMCID: PMC4593659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose of the present study was the analysis of the trends in case fatality rate of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in Isfahan, Iran. This analysis was performed based on gender, age groups, and type of AMI according to the International Classification of Diseases, version 10, during 2000-2009. METHODS Disregarding the Multinational Monitoring of Trends and Determinants in Cardiovascular Disease (MONICA), this cohort study considered all AMI events registered between 2000 and 2009 in 13 hospitals in Isfahan. All patients were followed for 28 days. In order to assess the case fatality rate, the Kaplan-Meier analysis, and to compare survival rate, log-rank test were used. Using the Cox regression model, 28 days case fatality hazard ratio (HR) was calculated. RESULTS In total, 12,900 patients with first AMI were entered into the study. Among them, 9307 (72.10%) were men and 3593 (27.90%) women. The mean age in all patients increased from 61.36 ± 12.19 in 2000-2001 to 62.15 ± 12.74 in 2008-2009, (P = 0.0070); in women, from 65.38 ± 10.95 to 67.15 ± 11.72 (P = 0.0200), and in men, from 59.75 ± 12.29 to 59.84 ± 12.54 (P = 0.0170),. In addition, the 28 days case fatality rate in 2000-2009 had a steady descending trend. Thus, it decreased from 11.20% in 2000-2001 to 07.90% in 2008-2009; in men, from 09.20% to 06.70%, and in women, from 16.10% to 10.90%. During the study, HR of case fatality rate in 2000-2001 declined; therefore, in 2002-2003, it was 0.93 [95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.77-1.11], in 2004-2005, 0.88 (95% CI = 0.73-1.04), in 2006-2007, 0.67 (95% CI = 0.56-0.82), and in 2008-2009, 0.69 (95% CI = 0.56-0.82). CONCLUSION In Isfahan, a reduction was observable in the trend of case fatality rate in both genders and all age groups. Thus, there was a 29.46% reduction in case fatality rate (27.17% in men, 32.29% in women) during the study period.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mahdi Mohammadian
- Cardiac Rehabilitation Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Shidokht Hosseini
- Researcher, Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Sadeghi
- Associate Professor, Cardiac Rehabilitation Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Nizal Sarrafzadegan
- Professor, Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Hamid Salehiniya
- PhD Candidate, Minimally Invasive Surgery Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences AND Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamidreza Roohafza
- Assistant Professor, Cardiac Rehabilitation Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Salman Khazaei
- PhD Candidate, Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Abdollah Mohammadian-Hafshejani
- Epidemiologist, Department of Social Medicine, School of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan AND PhD Candidate, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran,Correspondence to: Abdollah Mohammadian-Hafshejani,
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Gharipour M, Sadeghi M, Hosseini M, Andalib E, Boroujeni MB, Sarrafzadegan N. Effect of age on the phenotype of metabolic syndrome in developing country. Adv Biomed Res 2015; 4:103. [PMID: 26261805 PMCID: PMC4513307 DOI: 10.4103/2277-9175.157796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2013] [Accepted: 04/09/2013] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to determine how age groups effect on the phenotype of metabolic syndrome (MetS) among Iranian population. MATERIALS AND METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted as part of Isfahan Healthy Heart Program. Height, weight, waist circumference, and blood pressure were measured by trained health-care professionals. MetS was defined as having three or more of the National Cholesterol Education Program III criteria. The relation between different age groups and different phenotypes of MetS was examined using the multinomial logistic regression. RESULTS We found low high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-c) was the most common feature, followed by hypertriglyceridemia (HTG), abdominal obesity (ABO), hypertension (HTN), and high fasting blood glucose in decreasing order of prevalence. The most prevalent combination of MetS components was hypertrigeceridemia, low HDL-c and ABO (50.7%) in all subjects and especially in younger age group (63.2%). In elder age group, the most prevalent three components combination was HTG, Low HDL-c and HTN (43.9%). Logistic regression analysis demonstrated that elder subjects were at approximately 12 times higher risk of having the combination HTG, ABO, low HDL-c, and HTN (P < 0.001) compared to the middle age subjects who had a lower risk for the same combination; (2 [1.49-3.49]) (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION This study provides a nationally representative estimate of the prevalence of different phenotypes of MetS across different age groups. Regarding different phenotypes of MetS in various age groups need to have important implications in the clinical management of these patients and the implementation of public health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mojgan Gharipour
- Department of Metabolic Syndrome, Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Sadeghi
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiac Rehabilitation Research Center, Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mohsen Hosseini
- Department of Biostatistics, Skin Disease and Leishmaniasis Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Elham Andalib
- Hypertension Research Center, Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Maraym Bakhtiari Boroujeni
- Nutrition Research, Endocrine and Metabolism Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Nizal Sarrafzadegan
- Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Gharipour M, Sarrafzadegan N, Sadeghi M, Khosravi A, Hoseini M, Khosravi-Boroujeni H, Khaledifar A. The metabolic syndrome and associated lifestyle factors among the Iranian population. Adv Biomed Res 2015; 4:84. [PMID: 26015910 PMCID: PMC4434446 DOI: 10.4103/2277-9175.156645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2013] [Accepted: 08/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: This study aims to evaluate the impact of the Isfahan Healthy Heart Program (IHHP) interventions concerning healthy behavior, on the prevalence of the metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its components in the Iranian population. Materials and Methods: The IHHP targeted the population at large in three districts in central Iran from 2000 to 2007. Numerous interventional activities were performed to improve lifestyle. The main intervention strategies were public education through mass media, intersectional cooperation, health professional education, marketing and organizational development, legislation and policy development, as well as research and evaluation. MetS was defined based on the Adult Treatment Panel (ATP) III definition. The logistic regression method was applied to explore the relationship between lifestyle factors with components of metabolic risk factors. Results: The mean age of the participants was 44.68 ± 14.43 years in 2001. The mean values of the MetS components differed from 2001 to 2007. The mean of systolic blood pressure (SBP) decreased from 126.7 ± 22.31 to 124.21 ± 20.0 and from 129.47 ± 23.08 to 126.26 ± 21.88 among females in both the intervention and reference areas. Similar changes were observed among males. The mean diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and triglycerides decreased significantly in the intervention area and increased significantly in the reference area in both sexes. High density protein cholesterol (HDL-C) was decreased in both sexes, from 2001 to 2007, in both areas. A strong relationship between tobacco control with high SBP and hypertriglyceridemia was found (P < 0.01). Conclusion: Lifestyle improvement programs could be useful to improve the MetS status among men and women.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mojgan Gharipour
- Department of Metabolic Syndrome, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Nizal Sarrafzadegan
- Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Center, Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Sadeghi
- Cardiac Rehabilitation Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Alireza Khosravi
- Department of Research, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mohsen Hoseini
- Intervenetional Cardiology Research Center, Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Hossein Khosravi-Boroujeni
- Hypertension Research Center, Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Arsalan Khaledifar
- Department of Cardiology, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Mondragón-Ceballos R, García Granados MD, Cerda-Molina AL, Chavira-Ramírez R, Hernández-López LE. Waist-to-Hip Ratio, but Not Body Mass Index, Is Associated with Testosterone and Estradiol Concentrations in Young Women. Int J Endocrinol 2015; 2015:654046. [PMID: 26351453 PMCID: PMC4553330 DOI: 10.1155/2015/654046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2014] [Revised: 12/31/2014] [Accepted: 02/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
We studied if testosterone and estradiol concentrations are associated with specific female waist-to-hip ratios (WHRs) and body mass indices (BMIs). Participants were 187 young women from which waist, hips, weight, and height were measured. In addition, participants informed on which day of their menstrual cycle they were and provided a 6 mL saliva sample. Ninety-one of them were in the follicular phase and 96 in the luteal phase. Only in the fertile phase of the menstrual cycle we found a significant interaction between testosterone and estradiol affecting WHR (b ± s.e. = -0.000003 ± 0.000001; t 94 = -2.12, adjusted R (2) = -0.008, P = 0.03). Women with the highest levels of both hormones had the lowest WHRs, while women with low estradiol and high testosterone showed the highest WHRs. BMI significantly increased as testosterone increased in female in their nonfertile days.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Mondragón-Ceballos
- Departamento de Etología, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría, “Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz”, Calzada México-Xochimilco 101, Colonia San Lorenzo Huipulco, Tlalpan, 14370 México, DF, Mexico
| | - Mónica Dafne García Granados
- Departamento de Etología, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría, “Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz”, Calzada México-Xochimilco 101, Colonia San Lorenzo Huipulco, Tlalpan, 14370 México, DF, Mexico
| | - Ana Lilia Cerda-Molina
- Departamento de Etología, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría, “Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz”, Calzada México-Xochimilco 101, Colonia San Lorenzo Huipulco, Tlalpan, 14370 México, DF, Mexico
| | - Roberto Chavira-Ramírez
- Departamento de Biología de la Reproducción, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Calle Vasco de Quiroga 15, Colonia Sección XVI, Tlalpan, 14000 Mexico, DF, Mexico
| | - Leonor Estela Hernández-López
- Departamento de Etología, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría, “Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz”, Calzada México-Xochimilco 101, Colonia San Lorenzo Huipulco, Tlalpan, 14370 México, DF, Mexico
- *Leonor Estela Hernández-López:
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Mirmiran P, Bahadoran Z, Delshad H, Azizi F. Author's response re. "Predictors of the incidence of metabolic syndrome in general inhabitants". Nutrition 2014; 31:259. [PMID: 25466675 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2014.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2014] [Revised: 06/21/2014] [Accepted: 06/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Parvin Mirmiran
- Nutrition and Endocrine Research Center, Obesity Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Bahadoran
- Nutrition and Endocrine Research Center, Obesity Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Delshad
- Obesity Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fereidoun Azizi
- Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Khosravi A, Pourheidar B, Roohafza H, Moezzi M, Mousavi M, Hajiannejad A, Bidram P, Gharipour M, Shirani S, Golshahi J, Boshtam M, Sarrafzadegan N. Evaluating factors associated with uncontrolled hypertension: Isfahan cohort study, Iran. ARYA ATHEROSCLEROSIS 2014; 10:311-8. [PMID: 25815021 PMCID: PMC4354084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2014] [Accepted: 08/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypertension (HTN) considers as one of the most common risk factors, which potentially raises the risk of cardiovascular disease. Regarding high prevalence of HTN among Iranian population this study designed to examine a range of socio-demographic and clinical variables to determine the association with failure to achieve blood pressure control in a cohort of hypertensive subjects. METHODS This retrospective cohort study is a part of Isfahan cohort study which carried out on adults aged 35 years old or more. Subjects with confirmed HTN entered in this sub-study. For all subjects questionnaire included socio-demographic characteristics, clinical data and lifestyle behavior completed by trained nurses. Uncontrolled HTN was defined as systolic and diastolic blood pressure more than 140/90 in the presence or absent of pharmacological treatment. RESULTS The prevalence of uncontrolled men was significantly higher than controlled in both 2001 and 2007 (P < 0.001). A significant association was found between sex and control of blood pressure: compared with women, being men [odds ratio (OR) = 2.31; 95 % confidence interval (CI) = 1.64-3.24] was significantly associated with uncontrolled HTN in 2001 and (OR = 2.38; 95% CI = 1.78-3.18). Among lifestyle behaviors, tendency for more consumption of salty foods increased the risk of uncontrolled HTN in 2001 by 1.73 times [OR = 1.73, 95% CI = 1.20-2.50, (P = 0.003)]. Patients who were naive to mono-therapy without considering the type of antihypertensive drug were found to be associated with uncontrolled blood pressure (OR = 0.14; 95 % CI =0.1-0.2). CONCLUSION Uncontrolled HTN was sex, marital status, diabetes, tendency to salty foods and medication adherence. Assessment of them presence of these risk factors is warranted to recommend an aggressive HTN management with the goal of reducing excessive risk of cardiovascular events caused by uncontrolled HTN.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Khosravi
- Associate Professor, Interventional Cardiology Research Center, Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Behrouz Pourheidar
- Resident, Cardiac Rehabilitation Research Center, Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Science, Isfahan, Iran,Correspondence to: Behrouz Pourheidar,
| | - Hamidreza Roohafza
- Assistant Professor, Cardiac Rehabilitation Research Center, Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Moezzi
- Assistant Professor, Department of Community Medicine, Shahrekord University of Medical Science, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Mehdi Mousavi
- Resident, Cardiac Rehabilitation Research Center, Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Science, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Alireza Hajiannejad
- Resident, Cardiac Rehabilitation Research Center, Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Science, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Peyman Bidram
- Resident, Cardiac Rehabilitation Research Center, Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Science, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mojgan Gharipour
- Department of Metabolic Syndrome, Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Center, Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Shahin Shirani
- Associate Professor, Hypertension Research Center, Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Jafar Golshahi
- Associate Professor, Cardiac Rehabilitation Research Center, Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mansoureh Boshtam
- Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Center, Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Nizal Sarrafzadegan
- Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Center, Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Carotid intima-media thickness and plasma fibrinogen among subjects with metabolic syndrome: Isfahan cohort study, Iran. ARYA ATHEROSCLEROSIS 2014; 10:238-43. [PMID: 25477980 PMCID: PMC4251483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2014] [Accepted: 05/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The role of plasma fibrinogen, a key regulator of inflammation processes and increased carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) to predict metabolic syndrome (MetS) is currently under investigation. We assessed differences in the indicators of cIMT and also plasma fibrinogen level between MetS and non-MetS subjects. We also assessed the role of these two parameters for independently relationship with MetS state. METHODS The subjects in this cross-sectional survey were population-based samples of 93 men and women aged ≥ 35 years and over who were selected from the Isfahan cohort study, Isfahan, Iran. Fibrinogen was measured by the clotting assay of Clauss. Ultrasound studies of the carotid artery were performed to measure cIMT. MetS defined based on the National Cholesterol Education Program's Adult Treatment Panel III. RESULTS The mean level of plasma fibrinogen was not different in the two groups with and without MetS (240.10 ± 27.80 vs. 242.56 ± 35.82, P = 0.714), but the mean of cIMT was considerably higher in MetS group than in non-MetS group (0.85 ± 0.06 mm vs. 0.66 ± 0.09 mm, P < 0.001). Using a multivariable logistic regression model, high cIMT could effectively predict MetS state with the presence of different components of MetS (odds ratio = 17.544, 95% confidence interval = 2.151-142.860, P = 0.008). The optimal cutoff point of cIMT for discriminating these two clinical states was 0.6 mm yielding a sensitivity of 61.5% and a specificity of 59.6%. CONCLUSION Individuals with MetS demonstrated increased cIMT values compared with those without MetS. However, high plasma fibrinogen level may not be associated with MetS state.
Collapse
|
42
|
Mirarefin M, Sharifi F, Fakhrzadeh H, Amini MR, Ghaderpanahi M, Shoa NZ, Badamchizadeh Z, Tajalizadekhoob Y, Nazari N, Larijani B. Waist circumference and insulin resistance in elderly men: an analysis of Kahrizak elderly study. J Diabetes Metab Disord 2014; 13:28. [PMID: 24495315 PMCID: PMC3929157 DOI: 10.1186/2251-6581-13-28] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2013] [Accepted: 01/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Background Diagnosis of the metabolic syndrome (MS) is crucial for health care practitioners to identify at risk people for early treatment. Visceral obesity may make unnecessary other laborious measures of insulin resistance. The aim of this study was to see whether waist circumference (WC) can predict insulin resistance as well as MS in a group of Iranian elderly. Methods Out of 94 nondiabetic elderly, thirty three subjects were recognized with MS. MS diagnosis was based on NCEP ATP III (National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III) and IDF (International Diabetes Federation) definitions. HOMA (Homeostasis Model Assessment) index was used to measure insulin sensitivity. Insulin resistance (IR) was defined as top quartile of HOMA. Results In both sexes, WC and HOMA index were significantly positively correlated. The optimal waist circumference (OWC) cutoff point was 94.5 cm for men and 90.5 cm for women. The high sensitivity (0.80) and specificity (0.84) of WC in males indicates the proportion of IR which is correctly identified and recognizes all non-IR males as such. In regression model only the TG level was associated with WC. But the WC is strongly associated with HOMA-IR. Conclusions While OWC is very likely a good measure to exclude non-IR subjects in our study, determination of optimal WC to identify elderly IR subjects warrants further study in a larger sample of the general population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Mohammad Reza Amini
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Gharipour M, Sadeghi M, Dianatkhah M, Bidmeshgi S, Ahmadi A, Tahri M, Sarrafzadegan N. The cut-off values of anthropometric indices for identifying subjects at risk for metabolic syndrome in Iranian elderly men. J Obes 2014; 2014:907149. [PMID: 24782923 PMCID: PMC3981184 DOI: 10.1155/2014/907149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2013] [Accepted: 01/27/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM This study aimed to investigate which anthropometric indices could be a better predictor of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and the cut-off points for these surrogates to appropriately differentiate MetS in the Iranian elderly. METHOD The present cross-sectional study was conducted on a sample of Isfahan Healthy Heart Program (IHHP). MetS was defined according to Third Adult Treatment Panel (ATPIII). In total, 206 elderly subjects with MetS criteria were selected. Anthropometric indices were measured and plotted using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. RESULTS WC followed by WHtR yielded the highest area under the curve (AUC) (0.683; 95% CI 0.606-0.761 and 0.680; 95% CI 0.602-0.758, resp.) for MetS. WC at a cut of 94.5 cm resulted in the highest Youden index with sensitivity 64% and 68% specificity to predict the presence of ≥2 metabolic risk factors. BMI had the lowest sensitivity and specificity for MetS and MetS components. WC has the best ability to detect MetS which followed by WHtR and BMI had a lower discriminating value comparatively. CONCLUSION WC is the best predictor for predicting the presence of ≥2 metabolic risk factors among Iranian elderly population and the best value of WC is 94.5 cm. This cut-off values of WC should be advocated and used in Iranian men until larger cross-sectional studies show different results.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mojgan Gharipour
- Metabolic Syndrome Department, Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Center, Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Sadeghi
- Cardiac Rehabilitation Research Center, Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Institute (WHO Collaborating Center), Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
- *Masoumeh Sadeghi:
| | - Minoo Dianatkhah
- Interventional Cardiology Research Center, Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Shirin Bidmeshgi
- Hypertension Research Center, Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Alireza Ahmadi
- Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Center, Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Marzieh Tahri
- Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Center, Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Nizal Sarrafzadegan
- Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Center, Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Sajjadi F, Gharipour M, Mohammadifard N, Nouri F, Maghroun M, Alikhasi H. Relationship between legumes consumption and metabolic syndrome: Findings of the Isfahan Healthy Heart Program. ARYA ATHEROSCLEROSIS 2014; 10:18-24. [PMID: 24963309 PMCID: PMC4063515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2013] [Accepted: 11/23/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epidemiologic studies have shown an inverse association between dietary fiber and metabolic syndrome (MetS). Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the association between MetS and consumption of legumes in adults in Isfahan, Iran. METHODS This cross-sectional study was carried out on 2027 individuals who were a subsample of the 3rd phase of the Isfahan Healthy Heart Program (IHHP). Basic characteristics information such as age, sex, smoking status, and physical activity were collected using a questionnaire. A validated 48-item food frequency questionnaire was used to assess dietary behaviors. Blood pressure, waist circumference (WC), glucose, triacylglycerols, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol were measured, and MetS was defined based on Adult Treatment Panel III guidelines. Multiple logistic regression models examined associations of frequency consumption of legumes with MetS occurrence and its components. RESULTS All MetS components were less prevalent among subjects with regular legume intake (P < 0.01). Legume intake was inversely associated with the risk of MetS, after adjustment for confounding factors in women. Life style adjusted odds ratio of Mets between highest and lowest tertile and no consumption (as reference category) of legume intake were 0.31 (0.13, 0.70), 0.38 (0.17, 0.87), respectively, in women (P = 0.01). CONCLUSION This study showed that age has a crucial role in MetS incidence; therefore, after further age adjustment to lifestyle adjusted model there was no significant difference in lower and higher tertile of legume intake and MetS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Firouzeh Sajjadi
- Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Center, Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mojgan Gharipour
- PhD Candidate, Department of Metabolic Syndrome, Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Center, Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran,Correspondence to: Mojgan Gharipour,
| | - Noushin Mohammadifard
- PhD Candidate, Department of Nutrition, Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Center, Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Nouri
- Cardiac Rehabilitation Research Center, Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Maryam Maghroun
- Hypertension Research Center, Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Hasan Alikhasi
- Department of Nutrition, Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Center, Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Pivotal role of microRNA-33 in metabolic syndrome: A systematic review. ARYA ATHEROSCLEROSIS 2013; 9:372-6. [PMID: 24575141 PMCID: PMC3933058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2013] [Accepted: 11/11/2013] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a major public health concerns and increase in the incidence of MetS caused a rise in the rates of global morbidity, and mortality due to cardiovascular disease and diabetes. Lifestyle modification, a healthy diet, and pharmacological treatment and bariatric surgery are recommended in order to control this syndrome. Molecular mechanisms of metabolic disorders are essential in order to develop novel, valid therapeutic strategies. MicroRNA-33 plays imperative regulatory roles in a variety of biological processes including collaboration with sterol regulatory element-binding protein (SREBP) to maintain cholesterol homeostasis, high-density lipoprotein formation, fatty acid oxidation, and insulin signaling. Investigation of these molecules and their genetic targets may potentially identify new pathways involved in complex metabolic disease processes, improve our understanding of metabolic disorders, and influence future approaches to the treatment of obesity. This article reviews the role of miRNA-33 in metabolic syndrome, and highlights the potential of using miRNA-33 as a novel biomarker and therapeutic target for this syndrome.
Collapse
|
46
|
Kabir A, Pourshams A, Khoshnia M, Malekzadeh F. Normal limit for serum alanine aminotransferase level and distribution of metabolic factors in old population of kalaleh, iran. HEPATITIS MONTHLY 2013; 13:e10640. [PMID: 24348633 PMCID: PMC3842514 DOI: 10.5812/hepatmon.10640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2013] [Accepted: 04/15/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUNDS Normal or elevated values of serum alanine aminotransferase level (ALT) vary in different studies mostly related to characteristics of reference population including age, gender, body mass index, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and metabolic syndrome prevalence. OBJECTIVES To measure upper normal limit (UNL) for serum ALT in an apparently healthy Iranian old population (which we had not sufficient data before this study), and its modulating factors. PATIENTS AND METHODS All inhabitants (> 50 years old) of Kalaleh, Golestan, Iran (N = 1986) were invited to the study. ALT measurements were performed for all subjects using the same laboratory method. Upper limit of normal (ULN) ALT was calculated based on its 95th percentile in normal weight subjects. Modulating factors of ALT were determined by multivariate analysis. RESULTS A total of 1309 subjects, with the mean age of 61.5 ± 7.5 years were included. UNL of ALT was 18.8 U/L and 21.4 U/L in women and men, respectively. Based on univariate analysis, waist circumference (r = 0.124, P = 0.01), body mass index (r = 0.118, P = 0.01), triglyceride (r = 0.143, P = 0.01), and having metabolic syndrome (OR = 2.04) modulate ALT levels in men. Also triglyceride (r = 0.119, P = 0.01) modulates ALT levels in women. CONCLUSIONS The calculated level for UNL of ALT is considerably far lower than previous accepted value. Age, gender, ethnicity, and metabolic factors should be accounted in future studies to determine normal ALT level.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ali Kabir
- Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Public Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
- Center for Educational Research in Medical Sciences, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
| | - Akram Pourshams
- Digestive Disease Research Center, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
- Corresponding author: Akram Pourshams, Digestive Disease Research Center, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran. Tel: +98-2182415104, Fax: +98-2182415400, E-mail:
| | - Masoud Khoshnia
- Golestan Research Center of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, IR Iran
| | - Fatemeh Malekzadeh
- Digestive Disease Research Center, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Bener A, Yousafzai MT, Darwish S, Al-Hamaq AOAA, Nasralla EA, Abdul-Ghani M. Obesity index that better predict metabolic syndrome: body mass index, waist circumference, waist hip ratio, or waist height ratio. J Obes 2013; 2013:269038. [PMID: 24000310 PMCID: PMC3755383 DOI: 10.1155/2013/269038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2013] [Revised: 07/16/2013] [Accepted: 07/16/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM The aim was to compare body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), waist hip ratio (WHR), and waist height ratio (WHtR) to identify the best predictor of metabolic syndrome (MetS) among Qatari adult population. METHODS A cross-sectional survey from April 2011 to December 2012. Data was collected from 1552 participants followed by blood sampling. MetS was defined according to Third Adult Treatment Panel (ATPIII) and International Diabetes Federation (IDF). Receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve analysis was performed. RESULTS Among men, WC followed by WHR and WHtR yielded the highest area under the curve (AUC) (0.78; 95% CI 0.74-0.82 and 0.75; 95% CI 0.71-0.79, resp.). Among women, WC followed by WHtR yielded the highest AUC (0.81; 95% CI 0.78-0.85 & 0.79; 95% CI 0.76-0.83, resp.). Among men, WC at a cut-off 99.5 cm resulted in the highest Youden index with sensitivity 81.6% and 63.9% specificity. Among women, WC at a cut-off 91 cm resulted in the highest Youden index with the corresponding sensitivity and specificity of 86.5% and 64.7%, respectively. BMI had the lowest sensitivity and specificity in both genders. CONCLUSION WC at cut-off 99.5 cm in men and 91 cm in women was the best predictor of MetS in Qatar.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abdulbari Bener
- Department of Medical Statistics & Epidemiology, Hamad Medical Corporation, P.O. Box 3050, Doha, Qatar.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
Gharipour M, Ramezani MA, Sadeghi M, Khosravi A, Masjedi M, Khosravi-Boroujeni H, Rafieian-kopaei M, Sarrafzadegan N. Sex based levels of C-reactive protein and white blood cell count in subjects with metabolic syndrome: Isfahan Healthy Heart Program. JOURNAL OF RESEARCH IN MEDICAL SCIENCES : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF ISFAHAN UNIVERSITY OF MEDICAL SCIENCES 2013; 18:467-72. [PMID: 24250693 PMCID: PMC3818614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2012] [Revised: 01/23/2013] [Accepted: 02/13/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND C-reactive protein (CRP) and white blood cell (WBC) are proinflammatory markers. They are major pathophysiological for the development of metabolic syndrome (MetS). This study aimed to address the independent associations between MetS and WBC counts and serum CRP levels and evaluation of their magnitude in relation to the MetS, based on the sex in the Iranian adults. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this cross-sectional study, subjects who met the MetS criteria, based on the Adult Treatment Panel III were selected from the Isfahan Healthy Heart Program database. A questionnaire containing the demographic data, weight, height, waist, and hip circumference of the respondents was completed for each person. Blood pressure was measured and the anthropometric measurements were done, and fasting blood samples were taken for 2 h postload plasma glucose (2 hpp). Serum [total, high-density lipoprotein (HDL), and low-density lipoprotein] levels of cholesterol, triglyceride, and CRP as well as WBC counts were determined. The univariate analyses were carried out to assess the relation between the CRP levels, WBC counts with the MetS in both sexes the. RESULTS In men with the abdominal obesity, the higher levels of WBC count, high serum triglyceride and blood glucose levels, a low serum HDL level, and raised systolic and diastolic blood pressure were observed. However, the higher serum CRP levels were only observed in those with the low serum HDL-cholesterol levels. The mean values of the WBC counts were statistically different between the men with and without MetS, but the mean values of the CRP levels were similar between the two groups. In women, the mean values of WBC count and CRP levels were statistically different in the subjects with and without a MetS components (except for the low serum HDL levels and high diastolic blood pressure for the WBC measures and abdominal obesity for the CRP measures) and for those with and without MetS. The age and smoking adjusted changes in the CRP levels and WBC counts correlated with the number of Mets components in the women. CONCLUSION The findings of this study suggest substantial implications for the prevention and management of the MetS and atherosclerotic diseases, as these involve the suppression of inflammatory conditions rather than the incitement of anti-inflammatory conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mojgan Gharipour
- Isfahan Cardiovascular Research center, Isfahan, Iran,Address for correspondence: Mojgan Gharipour, Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Center, Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran. E-mail:
| | | | | | - Alireza Khosravi
- Hypertension Research Centre, Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mohsen Masjedi
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Zhou JY, Ge H, Zhu MF, Wang LJ, Chen L, Tan YZ, Chen YM, Zhu HL. Neck circumference as an independent predictive contributor to cardio-metabolic syndrome. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2013; 12:76. [PMID: 23680280 PMCID: PMC3661343 DOI: 10.1186/1475-2840-12-76] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2013] [Accepted: 05/13/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The predictive potentials of neck circumference (NC) for cardio-metabolic risks remain uncertain. The aim of this study was to investigate whether NC independently contributes to the prediction of cardio-metabolic risks beyond body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC) and waist to hip ratio (WHpR) in a large Chinese population. Methods A total of 4201 participants (2508 men and 1693 women) aged 20-85 were recruited from the Health Examination Centre between May 2009 and April 2010, anthropometric indices, biochemical and clinical parameters were measured. Receiver operating characteristic, partial correlation and logistic regression analyses were employed to evaluate the association of the anthropometric indices to cardio-metabolic risks separately by gender. Results Neck circumference was positively correlated with SBP and DBP (r=0.250 and 0.261), fasting blood glucose (FBP) (r=0.177), TG (r=0.240), TC (r=0.143) and LDL-C (r=0.088) and negatively correlated with HDL-C (r=-0.202) in males (all P<0.01). Similar results were found in females with the exception of TC. The AUCs of NC for metabolic abnormalities ranged from 0.558 (Increased LDL-C) to 0.683 (MS-rf) in men and 0.596 (Increased LDL-C) to 0.703 (MS-rf) in women (P<0.01). The NC of ≥37 cm for men and ≥33 cm for women were the best cut-off points for metabolic syndrome. The adjusted ORs (95% CIs) of NC in men and women respectively were 1.29 (1.12-1.48) and 1.44 (1.20-1.72) for metabolic syndrome risk factors (MS-rf), 1.15 (1.01-1.32) and 1.22 (1.03-1.46) for high BP, 1.16 (1.02-1.33) and 1.42 (1.18-1.71) for increased TG, and 1.26 (1.06-1.50) and 1.32 (1.06-1.65) for increased FBP; the adjusted OR of NC in women for decreased HDL-C was 1.29 (1.10-1.51). Conclusions Neck circumference was significantly associated with cardio-metabolic risk factors and independently contributed to the prediction of cardio-metabolic risks beyond the classical anthropometric indices in adults of China.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing-ya Zhou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, 74th Zhongshan Road II, Guangzhou 510080, People's Republic of China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|