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Park YJ, Kim HY, Gil TY, Kim HJ, Jin JS, Cha YY, An HJ. Magnolia officinalis Rehder & E. Wilson ameliorates white adipogenesis by upregulating AMPK and SIRT1 in vitro and in vivo. Heliyon 2024; 10:e27600. [PMID: 38515723 PMCID: PMC10955265 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e27600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Although there is an established link between Magnolia Cortex (MO) and lipid metabolism in previous research, its exploration within the context of obesity has been limited. Therefore, the present study investigated the therapeutic effects of MO on obesity and its mechanism of action in vitro and in vivo. Our chromatography analysis revealed that Honokiol and Magnolol are contained in MO extract. In vitro experiments showed that lipid droplets, adipogenic, and lipogenic genes were notably diminished by increasing sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) and AMP-activated kinase (AMPK) protein expression in MO-treated 3T3-L1 adipocytes. In vivo experiments exhibited that MO administration significantly recovered the adipogenesis, lipogenesis, and fatty acid oxidation genes by increasing the SIRT1 and AMPK expression in white adipose tissue. Furthermore, hepatic steatosis by HFD feeding was ameliorated in MO-administered obese mice. We conclude that MO could be important manager for treating obesity through AMPK and SIRT1 regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yea-Jin Park
- Department of Rehabilitative Medicine of Korean Medicine and Neuropsychiatry, College of Korean Medicine, Sangji University, Wonju, Gangwon-do, 26339, Republic of Korea
- Department of Oriental Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Young Kim
- Department of Oriental Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Young Gil
- Department of Oriental Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo-Jung Kim
- Department of Oriental Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Sik Jin
- Department of Oriental Medicine Resources, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan, 54596, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun-Yeop Cha
- Department of Rehabilitative Medicine of Korean Medicine and Neuropsychiatry, College of Korean Medicine, Sangji University, Wonju, Gangwon-do, 26339, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo-Jin An
- Department of Oriental Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
- Department of Integrated Drug Development and Natural Products, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
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Rather IA, Khan N, Kushwah AS, Surampalli G, Kumar M. Nephroprotective effects of honokiol in a high-fat diet-streptozotocin rat model of diabetic nephropathy. Life Sci 2023; 320:121543. [PMID: 36871934 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.121543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is the foremost basis of end-stage kidney failure implicating endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and dysregulation of Rho kinase/Rock pathway. Magnolia plants are used in traditional medicine systems in Southeast Asia owing to bioactive phytoconstituents. Earlier, honokiol (Hon) exhibited therapeutic potential in experimental models of metabolic, renal, and brain disorders. In the present study, we evaluated potential of Hon against DN and possible molecular mechanisms. MAIN METHODS In the existing experiments, high-fat diet (HFD) (17 weeks) and streptozotocin (STZ) (40 mg/kg once) induced DN rats were orally treated with Hon (25, 50, 100 mg/kg) or metformin (150 mg/kg) for 8 weeks. KEY FINDINGS Hon attenuated albuminuria, blood biomarkers (e.g., urea nitrogen, glucose, C-reactive protein, and creatinine) and ameliorated lipid profile, electrolytes levels (Na+/K+), and creatinine clearance against DN. Hon significantly decreased renal oxidative stress and inflammatory biomarkers against DN. Histomorphometry and microscopic analysis revealed nephroprotective effects of Hon marked by a decrease in leukocyte infiltration, renal tissue damage, and urine sediments. RT-qPCR showed that Hon treatment attenuated mRNA expression of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), endothelin-1 (ET-1), ER stress markers (GRP78, CHOP, ATF4, and TRB3), and Rock 1/2 in DN rats. Data from ELISA supported a decrease in levels of TGF-β1, ET-1, ER stress markers, and Rock1/2 by Hon. SIGNIFICANCE Hon attenuated hyperglycemia, redox imbalance, and inflammation and improved renal functions in rats. Hon alleviates DN pathogenesis possibly by attenuating ER stress and Rock pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ishfaq Ahmad Rather
- Department of Pharmacology, Swift School of Pharmacy, Rajpura, Patiala, Punjab, India.
| | - Nadeem Khan
- Department of Pharmacology, Swift School of Pharmacy, Rajpura, Patiala, Punjab, India.
| | - Ajay Singh Kushwah
- Department of Pharmacology, Amar Shaheed Baba Ajit Singh Jujhar Singh Memorial College of Pharmacy, Ropar, Punjab, India.
| | | | - Manish Kumar
- Department of Pharmacology, Swift School of Pharmacy, Rajpura, Patiala, Punjab, India; Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India.
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Yang J, Wang ZX, Fang L, Li TS, Liu ZH, Pan Y, Kong LD. Atractylodes lancea and Magnolia officinalis combination protects against high fructose-impaired insulin signaling in glomerular podocytes through upregulating Sirt1 to inhibit p53-driven miR-221. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 300:115688. [PMID: 36067838 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE In traditional Chinese medicine, a long term of improper diet causes the Dampness and disturbs Zang-Fu's functions including Kidney deficiency. Atractylodes lancea (Atr) and Magnolia officinalis (Mag) as a famous herb pair are commonly used to transform Dampness, with kidney protection. AIM OF THE STUDY To explore how Atr and Mag protected against insulin signaling impairment in glomerular podocytes induced by high dietary fructose feeding, a major contributor for insulin resistance in glomerular podocyte dysfunction. MATERIALS AND METHODS Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analyze constituents of Atr and Mag. Rat model was induced by 10% fructose drinking water in vivo, and heat-sensitive human podocyte cells (HPCs) were exposed to 5 mM fructose in vitro. Animal or cultured podocyte models were treated with different doses of Atr, Mag or Atr and Mag combination. Western blot, qRT-PCR and immunofluorescence assays as well as other experiments were performed to detect adiponectin receptor protein 1 (AdipoR1), protein kinase B (AKT), Sirt1, p53 and miR-221 levels in rat glomeruli or HPCs, respectively. RESULTS Fifty-five components were identified in Atr and Mag combination. Network pharmacology analysis indicated that Atr and Mag combination might affect insulin signaling pathway. This combination significantly improved systemic insulin resistance and prevented glomerulus morphological damage in high fructose-fed rats. Of note, high fructose decreased IRS1, AKT and AdipoR1 in rat glomeruli and cultured podocytes. Further data from cultured podocytes with Sirt1 inhibitor/agonist, p53 agonist/inhibitor, or miR-221 mimic/inhibitor showed that high fructose downregulated Sirt1 to stimulate p53-driven miR-221, resulting in insulin signaling impairment. Atr and Mag combination effectively increased Sirt1, and decreased p53 and miR-221 in in vivo and in vitro models. CONCLUSIONS Atr and Mag combination improved insulin signaling in high fructose-stimulated glomerular podocytes possibly through upregulating Sirt1 to inhibit p53-driven miR-221. Thus, the regulation of Sirt1/p53/miR-221 by this combination may be a potential therapeutic approach in podocyte insulin signaling impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Yang
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Zi-Xuan Wang
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Lei Fang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine & Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Tu-Shuai Li
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Zhi-Hong Liu
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Ying Pan
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, PR China.
| | - Ling-Dong Kong
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, PR China.
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Poivre M, Antoine MH, Kryshen K, Atsapkina A, Shikov AN, Twyffels L, Nachtergael A, Duez P, Nortier J. Assessment of the Cytotoxicity, Mutagenicity, and Genotoxicity of Two Traditional Chinese Herbs: Aristolochia baetica and Magnolia officinalis. Toxins (Basel) 2023; 15:52. [PMID: 36668872 PMCID: PMC9864762 DOI: 10.3390/toxins15010052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Herbal remedies used in traditional medicine often contain several compounds combined in order to potentiate their own intrinsic properties. However, herbs can sometimes cause serious health troubles. In Belgium, patients who developed severe aristolochic acid nephropathy ingested slimming pills containing root extracts of an Aristolochia species, as well as the bark of Magnolia officinalis. The goal of the study was to evaluate, on a human renal cell line, Aristolochia and Magnolia extracts for their cytotoxicity by a resazurin cell viability assay, and their genotoxicity by immunodetection and quantification of the phosphorylated histone γ-H2AX. The present study also sought to assess the mutagenicity of these extracts, employing an OECD recognized test, the Ames test, using four Salmonella typhimurium strains with and without a microsomial fraction. Based on our results, it has been demonstrated that the Aristolochia-Magnolia combination (aqueous extracts) was more genotoxic to human kidney cells, and that this combination (aqueous and methanolic extracts) was more cytotoxic to human kidney cells after 24 and 48 h. Interestingly, it has also been shown that the Aristolochia-Magnolia combination (aqueous extracts) was mutagenic with a TA98 Salmonella typhimurium strain in the presence of a microsomial liver S9 fraction. This mutagenic effect appears to be dose-dependent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mélanie Poivre
- Laboratory of Experimental Nephrology, Faculty of Medecine, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1000 Bruxelles, Belgium
- Saint-Petersburg Institute of Pharmacy, 197376 Saint Petersburg, Russia
- Laboratory of Therapeutic Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Research Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, University of Mons—UMONS, 7000 Mons, Belgium
| | - Marie-Hélène Antoine
- Laboratory of Experimental Nephrology, Faculty of Medecine, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1000 Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Kirill Kryshen
- Saint-Petersburg Institute of Pharmacy, 197376 Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | | | - Alexander N. Shikov
- Department of Technology of Pharmaceutical Formulations, St. Petersburg State Chemical Pharmaceutical University, Prof. Popov 14a, 197376 Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Laure Twyffels
- CMMI Center for Microscopy and Molecular Imaging, 6041 Charleroi, Belgium
| | - Amandine Nachtergael
- Laboratory of Therapeutic Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Research Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, University of Mons—UMONS, 7000 Mons, Belgium
| | - Pierre Duez
- Laboratory of Therapeutic Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Research Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, University of Mons—UMONS, 7000 Mons, Belgium
| | - Joëlle Nortier
- Laboratory of Experimental Nephrology, Faculty of Medecine, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1000 Bruxelles, Belgium
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Mukherjee PK, Efferth T, Das B, Kar A, Ghosh S, Singha S, Debnath P, Sharma N, Bhardwaj PK, Haldar PK. Role of medicinal plants in inhibiting SARS-CoV-2 and in the management of post-COVID-19 complications. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 98:153930. [PMID: 35114450 PMCID: PMC8730822 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.153930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2021] [Revised: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The worldwide corona virus disease outbreak, generally known as COVID-19 pandemic outbreak resulted in a major health crisis globally. The morbidity and transmission modality of COVID-19 appear more severe and uncontrollable. The respiratory failure and following cardiovascular complications are the main pathophysiology of this deadly disease. Several therapeutic strategies are put forward for the development of safe and effective treatment against SARS-CoV-2 virus from the pharmacological view point but till date there are no specific treatment regimen developed for this viral infection. PURPOSE The present review emphasizes the role of herbs and herbs-derived secondary metabolites in inhibiting SARS-CoV-2 virus and also for the management of post-COVID-19 related complications. This approach will foster and ensure the safeguards of using medicinal plant resources to support the healthcare system. Plant-derived phytochemicals have already been reported to prevent the viral infection and to overcome the post-COVID complications like parkinsonism, kidney and heart failure, liver and lungs injury and mental problems. In this review, we explored mechanistic approaches of herbal medicines and their phytocomponenets as antiviral and post-COVID complications by modulating the immunological and inflammatory states. STUDY DESIGN Studies related to diagnosis and treatment guidelines issued for COVID-19 by different traditional system of medicine were included. The information was gathered from pharmacological or non-pharmacological interventions approaches. The gathered information sorted based on therapeutic application of herbs and their components against SARSCoV-2 and COVID-19 related complications. METHODS A systemic search of published literature was conducted from 2003 to 2021 using different literature database like Google Scholar, PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus and Web of Science to emphasize relevant articles on medicinal plants against SARS-CoV-2 viral infection and Post-COVID related complications. RESULTS Collected published literature from 2003 onwards yielded with total 625 articles, from more than 18 countries. Among these 625 articles, more than 95 medicinal plants and 25 active phytomolecules belong to 48 plant families. Reports on the therapeutic activity of the medicinal plants belong to the Lamiaceae family (11 reports), which was found to be maximum reported from 4 different countries including India, China, Australia, and Morocco. Other reports on the medicinal plant of Asteraceae (7 reports), Fabaceae (8 reports), Piperaceae (3 reports), Zingiberaceae (3 reports), Ranunculaceae (3 reports), Meliaceae (4 reports) were found, which can be explored for the development of safe and efficacious products targeting COVID-19. CONCLUSION Keeping in mind that the natural alternatives are in the priority for the management and prevention of the COVID-19, the present review may help to develop an alternative approach for the management of COVID-19 viral infection and post-COVID complications from a mechanistic point of view.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pulok K Mukherjee
- Institute of Bioresources and Sustainable Development, Imphal-795001, India; School of Natural Product Studies, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata -700 032, India.
| | - Thomas Efferth
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Bhaskar Das
- School of Natural Product Studies, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata -700 032, India
| | - Amit Kar
- Institute of Bioresources and Sustainable Development, Imphal-795001, India
| | - Suparna Ghosh
- School of Natural Product Studies, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata -700 032, India
| | - Seha Singha
- School of Natural Product Studies, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata -700 032, India
| | - Pradip Debnath
- School of Natural Product Studies, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata -700 032, India
| | - Nanaocha Sharma
- Institute of Bioresources and Sustainable Development, Imphal-795001, India
| | | | - Pallab Kanti Haldar
- School of Natural Product Studies, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata -700 032, India
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Yin Y, Peng F, Zhou L, Yin X, Chen J, Zhong H, Hou F, Xie X, Wang L, Shi X, Ren B, Pei J, Peng C, Gao J. The chromosome-scale genome of Magnolia officinalis provides insight into the evolutionary position of magnoliids. iScience 2021; 24:102997. [PMID: 34505009 PMCID: PMC8417397 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.102997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Magnolia officinalis, a representative tall aromatic tree of the Magnoliaceae family, is a medicinal plant that is widely used in diverse industries from medicine to cosmetics. We report a chromosome-scale draft genome of M. officinalis, in which ∼99.66% of the sequences were anchored onto 19 chromosomes with the scaffold N50 of 76.62 Mb. We found that a high proportion of repetitive sequences was a common feature of three Magnoliaceae with known genomic data. Magnoliids were a sister clade to eudicots-monocots, which provided more support for understanding the phylogenetic position among angiosperms. An ancient duplication event occurred in the genome of M. officinalis and was shared with Lauraceae. Based on RNA-seq analysis, we identified several key enzyme-coding gene families associated with the biosynthesis of lignans in the genome. The construction of the M. officinalis genome sequence will serve as a reference for further studies of Magnolia, as well as other Magnoliaceae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanpeng Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Fu Peng
- West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Luojing Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Xianmei Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Junren Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Hongjin Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Feixia Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Xiaofang Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Li Wang
- Sichuan Academy of Forestry Sciences, Chengdu 610081, China
| | | | - Bo Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Jin Pei
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Cheng Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Jihai Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
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Sulforaphane prevents type 2 diabetes-induced nephropathy via AMPK-mediated activation of lipid metabolic pathways and Nrf2 antioxidative function. Clin Sci (Lond) 2021; 134:2469-2487. [PMID: 32940670 DOI: 10.1042/cs20191088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2019] [Revised: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Sulforaphane (SFN) prevents diabetic nephropathy (DN) in type 2 diabetes (T2D) by up-regulating nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2). AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) can attenuate the pathogenesis of DN by improving renal lipotoxicity along with the activation of Nrf2-mediated antioxidative signaling. Therefore, we investigated whether AMPKα2, the central subunit of AMPK in energy metabolism, is required for SFN protection against DN in T2D, and whether potential cross-talk occurs between AMPKα2 and Nrf2. AMPKα2 knockout (Ampkα2-/-) mice and wildtype (WT) mice were fed a high-fat diet (HFD) or a normal diet (ND) to induce insulin resistance, followed by streptozotocin (STZ) injection to induce hyperglycemia, as a T2D model. Both T2D and control mice were treated with SFN or vehicle for 3 months. At the end of the 3-month treatment, all mice were maintained only on HFD or ND for an additional 3 months without SFN treatment. Mice were killed at sixth month after T2D onset. Twenty-four-hour urine albumin at third and sixth months was significantly increased as renal dysfunction, along with significant renal pathological changes and biochemical changes including renal hypertrophy, oxidative damage, inflammation, and fibrosis in WT T2D mice, which were prevented by SFN in certain contexts, but not in Ampkα2-/- T2D mice. SFN prevention of T2D-induced renal lipotoxicity was associated with AMPK-mediated activation of lipid metabolism and Nrf2-dependent antioxidative function in WT mice, but not in SFN-treated Ampkα2-/- mice. Therefore, SFN prevention of DN is AMPKα2-mediated activation of probably both lipid metabolism and Nrf2 via AMPK/AKT/glycogen synthase kinase (GSK)-3β/Src family tyrosine kinase (Fyn) pathways.
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Locatelli M, Zoja C, Zanchi C, Corna D, Villa S, Bolognini S, Novelli R, Perico L, Remuzzi G, Benigni A, Cassis P. Manipulating Sirtuin 3 pathway ameliorates renal damage in experimental diabetes. Sci Rep 2020; 10:8418. [PMID: 32439965 PMCID: PMC7242337 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-65423-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
More effective treatments for diabetic nephropathy remain a major unmet clinical need. Increased oxidative stress is one of the most important pathological mechanisms that lead to kidney damage and functional impairment induced by diabetes. Sirtuin 3 (SIRT3) is the main mitochondrial deacetylase and critically regulates cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and detoxification. Honokiol is a natural biphenolic compound that, by activating mitochondrial SIRT3, can carry out anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic activities. Here, we sought to investigate the renoprotective effects of honokiol in BTBR ob/ob mice with type 2 diabetes. Diabetic mice were treated with vehicle or honokiol between the ages of 8 and 14 weeks. Wild-type mice served as controls. Renal Sirt3 expression was significantly reduced in BTBR ob/ob mice, and this was associated with a reduction in its activity and increased ROS levels. Selective activation of SIRT3 through honokiol administration translated into the attenuation of albuminuria, amelioration of glomerular damage, and a reduction in podocyte injury. SIRT3 activation preserved mitochondrial wellness through the activation of SOD2 and the restoration of PGC-1α expression in glomerular cells. Additionally, the protective role of SIRT3 in glomerular changes was associated with enhanced tubular Sirt3 expression and upregulated renal Nampt levels, indicating a possible tubule-glomerulus retrograde interplay, which resulted in improved glomerular SIRT3 activity. Our results demonstrate the hitherto unknown renoprotective effect of SIRT3 against diabetic glomerular disease and suggest that the pharmacological modulation of SIRT3 activity is a possible novel approach to treating diabetic nephropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Locatelli
- Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Centro Anna Maria Astori, Science and Technology Park Kilometro Rosso, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Carlamaria Zoja
- Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Centro Anna Maria Astori, Science and Technology Park Kilometro Rosso, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Cristina Zanchi
- Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Centro Anna Maria Astori, Science and Technology Park Kilometro Rosso, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Daniela Corna
- Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Centro Anna Maria Astori, Science and Technology Park Kilometro Rosso, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Sebastian Villa
- Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Centro Anna Maria Astori, Science and Technology Park Kilometro Rosso, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Silvia Bolognini
- Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Centro Anna Maria Astori, Science and Technology Park Kilometro Rosso, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Rubina Novelli
- Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Centro Anna Maria Astori, Science and Technology Park Kilometro Rosso, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Luca Perico
- Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Centro Anna Maria Astori, Science and Technology Park Kilometro Rosso, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Remuzzi
- Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Centro Anna Maria Astori, Science and Technology Park Kilometro Rosso, Bergamo, Italy.,Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Ariela Benigni
- Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Centro Anna Maria Astori, Science and Technology Park Kilometro Rosso, Bergamo, Italy.
| | - Paola Cassis
- Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Centro Anna Maria Astori, Science and Technology Park Kilometro Rosso, Bergamo, Italy
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Ma T, Zheng Z, Guo H, Lian X, Rane MJ, Cai L, Kim KS, Kim KT, Zhang Z, Bi L. 4-O-methylhonokiol ameliorates type 2 diabetes-induced nephropathy in mice likely by activation of AMPK-mediated fatty acid oxidation and Nrf2-mediated anti-oxidative stress. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2019; 370:93-105. [PMID: 30876865 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2019.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2019] [Revised: 03/06/2019] [Accepted: 03/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is one of the most serious long-term complications of type 2 diabetes (T2D). 4-O-methylhonokiol (MH) is one of the biologically active ingredients extracted from the Magnolia stem bark. In this study, we aim to elucidate whether treatment with MH can ameliorate or slow-down progression of DN in a T2D murine model and, if so, whether the protective response of MH correlates with AMPK-associated anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. To induce T2D, mice were fed normal diet (ND) or high fat diet (HFD) for 3 months to induce insulin resistance, followed by an intraperitoneal injection of STZ to induce hyperglycemia. Both T2D and control mice received gavage containing vehicle or MH once diabetes onset for 3 months. Once completing 3-month MH treatment, five mice from each group were sacrificed as 3 month time-point. The rest mice in each group were sacrificed 3 months later as 6 month time-point. In T2D mice, the typical DN symptoms were induced as expected, reflected by increased proteinuria, renal lipid accumulation and lipotoxic effects inducing oxidative stress, and inflammatory reactions, and final fibrosis. However, these typical DN changes were significantly prevented by MH treatment for 3 months and even at 3 months post-MH withdrawal. Mechanistically, MH renal-protection from DN may be related to lipid metabolic improvement and oxidative stress attenuation along with increases in AMPK/PGC-1α/CPT1B-mediated fatty acid oxidation and Nrf2/SOD2-mediated anti-oxidative stress. Results showed the preventive effect of MH on the renal oxidative stress and inflammation in DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianjiao Ma
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130033, China; Pediatric Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Zongyu Zheng
- Pediatric Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA; Department of Urology, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Hua Guo
- Pediatric Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Xin Lian
- Pediatric Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA; Department of Urology, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Madhavi J Rane
- Division of Nephropathy, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Lu Cai
- Pediatric Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA; Departments of Radiation Oncology, Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Ki Soo Kim
- SK Bioland Haimen Co. LTD, Haimen, 226133, Jiangsu, China
| | - Kyoung Tae Kim
- SK Bioland Haimen Co. LTD, Haimen, 226133, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhiguo Zhang
- Department of Cardiology at the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China.
| | - Liqi Bi
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130033, China.
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Poivre M, Duez P. Biological activity and toxicity of the Chinese herb Magnolia officinalis Rehder & E. Wilson (Houpo) and its constituents. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 2017; 18:194-214. [PMID: 28271656 DOI: 10.1631/jzus.b1600299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Traditional Chinese herbal drugs have been used for thousands of years in Chinese pharmacopoeia. The bark of Magnolia officinalis Rehder & E. Wilson, known under the pinyin name "Houpo", has been traditionally used in Chinese and Japanese medicines for the treatment of anxiety, asthma, depression, gastrointestinal disorders, headache, and more. Moreover, Magnolia bark extract is a major constituent of currently marketed dietary supplements and cosmetic products. Much pharmacological activity has been reported for this herb and its major compounds, notably antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antibiotic and antispasmodic effects. However, the mechanisms underlying this have not been elucidated and only a very few clinical trials have been published. In vitro and in vivo toxicity studies have also been published and indicate some intriguing features. The present review aims to summarize the literature on M. officinalis bark composition, utilisation, pharmacology, and safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mélanie Poivre
- Unit of Therapeutic Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Research Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, University of Mons-UMONS, Mons, Belgium
| | - Pierre Duez
- Unit of Therapeutic Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Research Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, University of Mons-UMONS, Mons, Belgium
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Jayakumar V, Ahmed SSSJ, Ebenezar KK. Multivariate analysis and molecular interaction of curcumin with PPARγ in high fructose diet induced insulin resistance in rats. SPRINGERPLUS 2016; 5:1732. [PMID: 27777867 PMCID: PMC5053957 DOI: 10.1186/s40064-016-3364-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2016] [Accepted: 09/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
To investigate the effect of curcumin on the multivariate and docking analysis on peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-γ, the rats were fed with high fructose diet (Group 2) to induce insulin resistance and curcumin was co-administered orally (Group 4) for a period of 8 weeks and measured the biochemical parameters in blood, kidney and liver tissues. The results showed a significant (p ≤ 0.05) increase in the level of creatinine, glucose, insulin, low density lipoprotein, total cholesterol, triglyceride, urea, uric acid, very low density lipoprotein and decreased albumin, high density lipoprotein and total protein level in the blood of Group 2 when compared with Group 1 control rats. Further, analysis on liver and kidney tissues showed a significant decrease in antioxidants, hexokinase and increased glucose 6-phosphatase and fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase, hydroperoxides and TBARS in Group 2 rats. Furthermore, the multivariate and loading coefficient analysis showed that albumin, HDL, catalase, glutathione reductase, hexokinase and vitamin E are the most contributing factors in blood, liver and kidney. Subsequently, molecular docking was carried out to determine the binding efficiency of curcumin as agonist of PPARγ showed high affinity compared to pioglitazone. The histology of liver and kidney were also studied and the administration of curcumin along with fructose protects the organs from the abnormal changes and also prevents the fat accumulation. Overall, these results demonstrate the preventive role of curcumin on diet induced insulin resistant in rats by ameliorating the altered levels of metabolic changes and potential binding of curcumin with PPARγ as agonist in the treatment of insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasanthi Jayakumar
- Molecular Physiology Lab, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Rajiv Gandhi Salai, Kelambakkam, Tamil Nadu 603103 India
| | - Shiek S. S. J. Ahmed
- Drug Discovery Lab, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Kelambakkam, Tamil Nadu 603103 India
| | - Kesavarao Kumar Ebenezar
- Molecular Physiology Lab, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Rajiv Gandhi Salai, Kelambakkam, Tamil Nadu 603103 India
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Extracts of Magnolia Species-Induced Prevention of Diabetic Complications: A Brief Review. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:ijms17101629. [PMID: 27669240 PMCID: PMC5085662 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17101629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2016] [Revised: 09/17/2016] [Accepted: 09/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic complications are the major cause of mortality for the patients with diabetes. Oxidative stress and inflammation have been recognized as important contributors for the development of many diabetic complications, such as diabetic nephropathy, hepatopathy, cardiomyopathy, and other cardiovascular diseases. Several studies have established the anti-inflammatory and oxidative roles of bioactive constituents in Magnolia bark, which has been widely used in the traditional herbal medicines in Chinese society. These findings have attracted various scientists to investigate the effect of bioactive constituents in Magnolia bark on diabetic complications. The aim of this review is to present a systematic overview of bioactive constituents in Magnolia bark that induce the prevention of obesity, hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, and diabetic complications, including cardiovascular, liver, and kidney.
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Nachtergael A, Poivre M, Belayew A, Duez P. In vitro genotoxicity tests point to an unexpected and harmful effect of a Magnolia and Aristolochia association. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2015; 174:178-186. [PMID: 26278811 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2015.07.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2015] [Revised: 07/09/2015] [Accepted: 07/29/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE in the 1990s, a Belgian cohort of more than 100 patients reported cases of Aristolochic Acid Nephropathy (AAN). This progressive renal and interstitial fibrosis, frequently associated with urothelial malignancies, was consecutive to the Chinese-herbs based slimming capsules intake where a plant Stephania tetrandra S. Moore was replaced by a highly genotoxic Aristolochia species. 70% of the Belgian patients evolved into end-stage renal disease, requiring dialysis or renal transplantation. Furthermore the prevalence of upper urinary tract carcinoma was found alarmingly high in these patients. The Aristolochia adulteration was blamed for the intoxication cases and, to the best of our knowledge, the prescription itself has not been further investigated. AIM OF THE STUDY This work proposes to evaluate the in vitro cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of Aristolochia and Magnolia traditional aqueous decoctions and their association. MATERIALS AND METHODS The cytotoxicity of extracts has been assessed by a MTT cell proliferation assay and the genotoxicity by measuring the presence of γ-H2AX, a phosphorylated histone associated with DNA damages. RESULTS Treating cells for 24h with a mixture 1:1 of Magnolia officinalis and Aristolochia baetica decoctions led to an increase in the production of γ-H2AX. CONCLUSIONS This genotoxic potentiation warrants further studies but may lead to an explanatory factor for the "Chinese herb nephropathy" cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amandine Nachtergael
- Laboratory of Therapeutic Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Research Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, University of Mons - UMONS, 20 Place du Paarc, 7000 Mons, Belgium
| | - Mélanie Poivre
- Laboratory of Therapeutic Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Research Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, University of Mons - UMONS, 20 Place du Paarc, 7000 Mons, Belgium
| | - Alexandra Belayew
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Research Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, University of Mons - UMONS, 20 Place du Parc, 7000 Mons, Belgium
| | - Pierre Duez
- Laboratory of Therapeutic Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Research Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, University of Mons - UMONS, 20 Place du Paarc, 7000 Mons, Belgium.
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The magnolia bioactive constituent 4-O-methylhonokiol protects against high-fat diet-induced obesity and systemic insulin resistance in mice. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2014; 2014:965954. [PMID: 24991305 PMCID: PMC4060163 DOI: 10.1155/2014/965954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2014] [Accepted: 05/06/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is caused by a combination of both genetic and environmental risks. Disruption in energy balance is one of these risk factors. In the present study, the preventive effect on high-fat diet- (HFD-) induced obesity and insulin resistance in mice by Magnolia bioactive constituent 4-O-methylhonokiol (MH) was compared with Magnolia officinalis extract BL153. C57BL/6J mice were fed by normal diet or by HFD with gavage-administered vehicle, BL153, low-dose MH, and high-dose MH simultaneously for 24 weeks, respectively. Either MH or BL153 slightly inhibited body-weight gain of mice by HFD feeding although the food intake had no obvious difference. Body fat mass and the epididymal white adipose tissue weight were also mildly decreased by MH or BL153. Moreover, MH significantly lowered HFD-induced plasma triglyceride, cholesterol levels and activity of alanine transaminase (ALT), liver weight and hepatic triglyceride level, and ameliorated hepatic steatosis. BL153 only significantly reduced ALT and liver triglyceride level. Concurrently, low-dose MH improved HFD-induced hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance. Furthermore, the infiltration of mast cells in adipose tissue was decreased in MH or in BL153 treatment. These results suggested that Magnolia bioactive constituent MH might exhibit potential benefits for HFD-induced obesity by improvement of lipid metabolism and insulin resistance.
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Shan Q, Zheng Y, Lu J, Zhang Z, Wu D, Fan S, Hu B, Cai X, Cai H, Liu P, Liu F. Purple sweet potato color ameliorates kidney damage via inhibiting oxidative stress mediated NLRP3 inflammasome activation in high fat diet mice. Food Chem Toxicol 2014; 69:339-46. [PMID: 24795233 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2014.04.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2014] [Revised: 04/02/2014] [Accepted: 04/22/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Inflammation plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of obesity. Purple sweet potato color (PSPC) has potential anti-inflammation efficacy. We evaluated the effect of PSPC on kidney injury induced by high fat diet (HFD) and explored the mechanism underlying these effects. The results showed that PSPC (700 mg/kg per day) reduced body weight, ratio of urine albumin to creatinine, inflammatory cell infiltration, and Collagen IV accumulation in mice fed an HFD (60% fat food) for 20 weeks. PSPC significantly reduced the expression level of kidney NLRP3 inflammasome including NLRP3 and ASC and Caspase-1, and resulted in decline of IL-1β. Moreover, PSPC inhibited the activation of I kappa B kinase β (IKKβ) and the nuclear translocation of nuclear factor kappa beta (NF-κB). Additionally, PSPC decreased the expression level of oxidative stress-associated AGE receptor (RAGE) and thioredoxin interacting protein (TXNIP) in the upstream of NLRP3 inflammasome. These data imply that the beneficial effects of PSPC on HFD-induced kidney dysfunction and damage are mediated through NLRP3 signaling pathways, suggesting a potential target for the prevention of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qun Shan
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, Jiangsu Province, PR China.
| | - Yuanlin Zheng
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, Jiangsu Province, PR China.
| | - Jun Lu
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, Jiangsu Province, PR China.
| | - Zifeng Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, Jiangsu Province, PR China.
| | - Dongmei Wu
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, Jiangsu Province, PR China.
| | - Shaohua Fan
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, Jiangsu Province, PR China.
| | - Bin Hu
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, Jiangsu Province, PR China.
| | - Xiangjun Cai
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, Jiangsu Province, PR China.
| | - Hao Cai
- Kewen College, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, Jiangsu Province, PR China.
| | - Peilong Liu
- Kewen College, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, Jiangsu Province, PR China.
| | - Fan Liu
- Kewen College, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, Jiangsu Province, PR China.
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BL153 partially prevents high-fat diet induced liver damage probably via inhibition of lipid accumulation, inflammation, and oxidative stress. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2014; 2014:674690. [PMID: 24803983 PMCID: PMC3997087 DOI: 10.1155/2014/674690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2013] [Accepted: 02/20/2014] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The present study was to investigate whether a magnolia extract, named BL153, can prevent obesity-induced liver damage and identify the possible protective mechanism. To this end, obese mice were induced by feeding with high fat diet (HFD, 60% kcal as fat) and the age-matched control mice were fed with control diet (10% kcal as fat) for 6 months. Simultaneously these mice were treated with or without BL153 daily at 3 dose levels (2.5, 5, and 10 mg/kg) by gavage. HFD feeding significantly increased the body weight and the liver weight. Administration of BL153 significantly reduced the liver weight but without effects on body weight. As a critical step of the development of NAFLD, hepatic fibrosis was induced in the mice fed with HFD, shown by upregulating the expression of connective tissue growth factor and transforming growth factor beta 1, which were significantly attenuated by BL153 in a dose-dependent manner. Mechanism study revealed that BL153 significantly suppressed HFD induced hepatic lipid accumulation and oxidative stress and slightly prevented liver inflammation. These results suggest that HFD induced fibrosis in the liver can be prevented partially by BL153, probably due to reduction of hepatic lipid accumulation, inflammation and oxidative stress.
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Magnolia extract (BL153) protection of heart from lipid accumulation caused cardiac oxidative damage, inflammation, and cell death in high-fat diet fed mice. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2014; 2014:205849. [PMID: 24693333 PMCID: PMC3945234 DOI: 10.1155/2014/205849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2013] [Revised: 12/16/2013] [Accepted: 12/17/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Magnolia as an herbal material obtained from Magnolia officinalis has been found to play an important role in anti-inflammation, antioxidative stress, and antiapoptosis. This study was designed to investigate the effect of Magnolia extract (BL153) on obesity-associated lipid accumulation, inflammation, oxidative stress, and apoptosis in the heart. C57BL/6 mice were fed a low- (10 kcal% fat) or high-fat (60 kcal% fat) diet for 24 weeks to induce obesity. These mice fed with high-fat diet (HFD) were given a gavage of vehicle, 2.5, 5, or 10 mg/kg body weight BL153 daily. The three doses of BL153 treatment slightly ameliorated insulin resistance without decrease of body weight gain induced by HFD feeding. BL153 at 10 mg/kg slightly attenuated a mild cardiac hypertrophy and dysfunction induced by HFD feeding. Both 5 mg/kg and 10 mg/kg of BL153 treatment significantly inhibited cardiac lipid accumulation measured by Oil Red O staining and improved cardiac inflammation and oxidative stress by downregulating ICAM-1, TNF-α, PAI-1, 3-NT, and 4-HNE. TUNEL staining showed that BL153 treatment also ameliorated apoptosis induced by mitochondrial caspase-3 independent cell death pathway. This study demonstrates that BL153 attenuates HFD-associated cardiac damage through prevention of HFD-induced cardiac lipid accumulation, inflammation, oxidative stress, and apoptosis.
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