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LI Z, ZHAO Y, Ma W, Zhang Y, XU Z, XI Q, LI Y, QIN S, ZHANG Z, WANG S, ZHAO X, LIU Y, GUO Y, GUO Y. Adenosine triphosphate mediates the pain tolerance effect of manual acupuncture at Zusanli (ST36) in mice. J TRADIT CHIN MED 2024; 44:660-669. [PMID: 39066526 PMCID: PMC11337262 DOI: 10.19852/j.cnki.jtcm.20240626.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the mechanisms behind the effects of acupuncture in Traditional Chinese Medicine, we delved into the adenosine triphosphate/peripheral purinergic P2X receptor 3 (ATP/P2X3) receptor signaling system as an indicator of the body's energy state, commonly referred to as "Qi". METHODS The tail-flick test was utilized to explore the impact of acupuncture on pain tolerance threshold (PTT) in mice, while also assessing adenosine (ADO) levels and adenylate energy charge (EC) at Zusanli (ST36). The study further investigated the dose-dependent effects of acupuncture on PTT and ADO levels at Zusanli (ST36). To shed light on the underlying mechanisms of acupuncture's effects, the study examined the impact of ATP, a P2X3 receptor antagonist, and adenosine disodium on PTT following acupuncture administration. RESULTS Acupuncture at Zusanli (ST36) led to significant improvements in PTT in mice, with the most effective interventions being twirling for 2 min and needle retention for 28 min. These interventions also resulted in significant increases in ATP levels. The effects of acupuncture were further augmented by administration of different doses of ATP at Zusanli (ST36), and pretreatment with a P2X3 receptor antagonist decreased PTT. Adenylate EC peaked at 30 min after intraperitoneal injection of ATP, and pretreatment with various doses of i.p. ATP 30 min prior to acupuncture increased PTT in a dose-dependent manner. Additionally, pretreatment with an i.p. or intramuscular injection of adenosine disodium enhanced the effects of acupuncture. CONCLUSION This research provides compelling evidence that ATP is involved in the regulation of PTT through acupuncture, revealing new avenues for achieving enhanced clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongzheng LI
- 1 Research Center of Experimental Acupuncture Science, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
- 2 National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Yadan ZHAO
- 3 Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Qingdao Hiser Hospital Affiliated of Qingdao University (Qingdao Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital), Qingdao 266033, China
| | - Weigang Ma
- 1 Research Center of Experimental Acupuncture Science, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
- 2 National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Yonglong Zhang
- 1 Research Center of Experimental Acupuncture Science, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
- 2 National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Zhifang XU
- 1 Research Center of Experimental Acupuncture Science, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
- 2 National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Qiang XI
- 5 School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Yanqi LI
- 5 School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Siru QIN
- 1 Research Center of Experimental Acupuncture Science, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
- 2 National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Zichen ZHANG
- 1 Research Center of Experimental Acupuncture Science, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
- 2 National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Songtao WANG
- 1 Research Center of Experimental Acupuncture Science, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
- 2 National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Xue ZHAO
- 4 School of Acupuncture and Moxibustion and Tuina, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Yangyang LIU
- 4 School of Acupuncture and Moxibustion and Tuina, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Yi GUO
- 1 Research Center of Experimental Acupuncture Science, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
- 2 National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Yongming GUO
- 4 School of Acupuncture and Moxibustion and Tuina, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
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Wu X, Tu M, Chen N, Yang J, Jin J, Qu S, Xiong S, Cao Z, Xu M, Pei S, Hu H, Ge Y, Fang J, Shao X. The efficacy and cerebral mechanism of intradermal acupuncture for major depressive disorder: a study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1181947. [PMID: 37255689 PMCID: PMC10226652 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1181947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Major depressive disorder (MDD) has emerged as the fifth leading cause of years lived with disability, with a high prevalent, affecting nearly 4% of the global population. While available evidence suggests that intradermal acupuncture may enhance the effectiveness of antidepressants, whether its efficacy is a specific therapeutic effect or a placebo effect has not been reported. Moreover, the cerebral mechanism of intradermal acupuncture as a superficial acupuncture (usually subcutaneous needling to a depth of 1-2 mm) for MDD remains unclear. Methods A total of 120 participants with MDD will be enrolled and randomized to the waiting list group, sham intradermal acupuncture group and active intradermal acupuncture group. All 3 groups will receive a 6-week intervention and a 4-week follow-up. The primary outcome will be measured by the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale-17 and the secondary outcome measures will be the Self-Rating depression scale and Pittsburgh sleep quality index. Assessments will be conducted at baseline, 3 weeks, 6 weeks, and during the follow-up period. In addition, 20 eligible participants in each group will be randomly selected to undergo head magnetic resonance imaging before and after the intervention to explore the effects of intradermal acupuncture on brain activity in MDD patients. Discussion If the intradermal acupuncture is beneficial, it is promising to be included in the routine treatment of MDD. Clinical Trial Registration Clinicaltrials.gov, NCT05720637.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoting Wu
- Key Laboratory for Research of Acupuncture Treatment and Transformation of Emotional Diseases, The Third Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University,, Hangzhou, China
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Mingqi Tu
- Key Laboratory for Research of Acupuncture Treatment and Transformation of Emotional Diseases, The Third Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University,, Hangzhou, China
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Nisang Chen
- Key Laboratory for Research of Acupuncture Treatment and Transformation of Emotional Diseases, The Third Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University,, Hangzhou, China
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiajia Yang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Junyan Jin
- Key Laboratory for Research of Acupuncture Treatment and Transformation of Emotional Diseases, The Third Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University,, Hangzhou, China
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Siying Qu
- Key Laboratory for Research of Acupuncture Treatment and Transformation of Emotional Diseases, The Third Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University,, Hangzhou, China
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Sangsang Xiong
- Key Laboratory for Research of Acupuncture Treatment and Transformation of Emotional Diseases, The Third Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University,, Hangzhou, China
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhijian Cao
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Maosheng Xu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shuangyi Pei
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hantong Hu
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yinyan Ge
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianqiao Fang
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaomei Shao
- Key Laboratory for Research of Acupuncture Treatment and Transformation of Emotional Diseases, The Third Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University,, Hangzhou, China
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
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Wang J, Xia Q, Zhu F, Huang W, Meng Y, Wang Y, Liu Y, Liu X, Li H, Sun B. Effects of Acupuncture on Adverse Events in Colonoscopy: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Pain Ther 2022; 11:1095-1112. [PMID: 35922617 PMCID: PMC9633895 DOI: 10.1007/s40122-022-00415-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Acupuncture has gradually penetrated into many disciplines in clinical medicine, such as surgery, anesthesia, and outpatient examinations. Although a number of clinical trials have investigated the effects of acupuncture on colonoscopy, the results were inconsistent. In this meta-analysis, we analyzed the effects of acupuncture on colonoscopy to provide evidence for subsequent research and clinical application of acupuncture in colonoscopy. METHODS This meta-analysis was performed using Review Manager version 5.4 and Stata version 16 software. The primary outcome was the incidence of adverse events, and the secondary outcomes included patients' anxiety score before colonoscopy, time to insert the colonoscope, total detection time, propofol consumption, patients' pain score, and patient satisfaction rate. RESULTS The results showed that the incidence of adverse events (odds ratio [OR] 0.27, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.16-0.43, P = 0.00, I2 = 25%), patients' pain score (mean difference [MD] - 1.03, 95% CI - 1.45 to - 0.62, P = 0.00, I2 = 94%), and time to insert the colonoscope (MD = - 2.54, 95% CI - 4.96 to - 0.13, P = 0.04, I2 = 0%) were significantly lower in the treatment group than in the control group. Compared with the control group, the satisfaction rate of patients (OR 2.53, 95% CI 1.56-4.10, P = 0.00, I2 = 47%) in the treatment group was significantly improved. There was no significant between-group difference in patients' anxiety score, the total detection time, and propofol dosage. CONCLUSIONS During colonoscopy, acupuncture can significantly reduce the incidence of adverse events, relieve patients' pain, and improve patient satisfaction. REGISTRATION PROSPERO registration number CRD42022324428.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, 157 Health Road, Nangang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150081, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing Xia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Fangyi Zhu
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, 157 Health Road, Nangang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150081, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, 157 Health Road, Nangang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150081, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanting Meng
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, 157 Health Road, Nangang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150081, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanping Wang
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, 157 Health Road, Nangang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150081, People's Republic of China
| | - Yumei Liu
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, 157 Health Road, Nangang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150081, People's Republic of China
| | - Xijun Liu
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, 157 Health Road, Nangang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150081, People's Republic of China
| | - Hulun Li
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, 157 Health Road, Nangang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150081, People's Republic of China. .,The Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Harbin Medical University, Ministry of Education, Harbin, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China.
| | - Bo Sun
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, 157 Health Road, Nangang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150081, People's Republic of China.
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Ma Q. Somatotopic organization of autonomic reflexes by acupuncture. Curr Opin Neurobiol 2022; 76:102602. [PMID: 35780689 DOI: 10.1016/j.conb.2022.102602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Revised: 05/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Acupuncture has been practiced for more than 2000 years in China and now all over the world. One core idea behind this medical practice is that stimulation at specific body regions (acupoints) can distantly modulate organ physiology, but the underlying scientific basis has been long debated. Here, I summarize evidence supporting that long-distant acupuncture effects operate partly through somato-autonomic reflexes, leading to activation of sympathetic and/or parasympathetic pathways. I then discuss how the patterning of the somatosensory system along the rostro-caudal axis and the cutaneous-deep tissue axis might explain acupoint specificity and selectivity in driving specific autonomic pathways, particularly those modulating gastrointestinal motility and systemic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiufu Ma
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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Publication Trends in Rehabilitative Effects of Acupuncture: A Visual Analysis of the Literature. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:7705256. [PMID: 35449821 PMCID: PMC9017514 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7705256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Objectives To conduct a comprehensive analysis of scientific outputs in 2011–2021 regarding the rehabilitative effects of acupuncture on diseases. Methods The study was conducted in the form of knowledge graph and data visualization, with data being drawn from the Web of Science Core Collection database. Results Articles and reviews were the dominant types; China, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine and Medicine ranked was the active country, institution, and journal, respectively, in terms of issued articles. Systematic reviews and the meta-analyses of stroke and pain were extensively carried out in the past decade, whose principal interventions were manual acupuncture, electroacupuncture, scalp acupuncture, and dry needling correspondingly at Baihui (DU20) and Zusanli (ST36). And most frequently utilized rehabilitation assessment criteria were the Fugl-Meyer Assessment Scale and the Barthel Index. More recently, motor function and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease have captured researchers' attention, which might be the futuristic frontier. Conclusions This article provided a relatively panoramic picture of the scientific outputs in acupuncture for disease rehabilitation, which may help readers embrace the heated topic and grasp the recent research focus on this field.
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Chen P, Zhong X, Dai Y, Tan M, Zhang G, Ke X, Huang K, Zhou Z. The efficacy and safety of acupuncture in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Medicine (Baltimore) 2021; 100:e27050. [PMID: 34559098 PMCID: PMC8462626 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000027050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Revised: 07/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to determine the efficacy and safety of acupuncture treatment (AT) or acupuncture plus conventional medicine (CM) versus CM alone using a meta-analysis of all published randomized controlled trials (RCTs) for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). METHODS Eight databases were searched independently from inception to April 30, 2020. RCTs were included if they contained reports on the use acupuncture or the use of acupuncture combined with CM and compared with the use of CM. Summary odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to calculate the overall clinical efficacy. Secondary outcomes, namely aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, total cholesterol, triglyceride, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and body mass index, were calculated by mean difference with 95% CIs. RESULTS After the final screening, 8 RCTs with 939 patients were included. This meta-analysis showed that AT was superior to CM in improving overall clinical efficacy (OR = 3.19, 95% CI: 2.06-4.92, P < .00001). In addition, AT plus CM could significantly improve overall clinical efficacy compared to treatment with CM alone (OR = 5.11, 95% CI: 2.43-10.75, P < .0001). Moreover, the benefits were also demonstrated in other outcomes, including alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, total cholesterol, triglyceride, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol indexes. However, AT plus CM could not decrease body mass index levels in comparison with CM. The safety profile of Acupuncture therapy was satisfactory. Taichong, Zusanli, Fenglong, and Sanyinjiao were major acupoints on NAFLD treatment. CONCLUSION Acupuncture may be effective and safe for treatment of NAFLD. However, due to insufficient methodological quality and sample size, further high-quality studies are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiwen Chen
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xin Zhong
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yunkai Dai
- Institute of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Meiao Tan
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Gaochuan Zhang
- Institute of Advanced Studies, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Xuehong Ke
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Keer Huang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zunming Zhou
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Postdoctoral Research Station of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
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Cao HJ, Li X, Li XL, Ward L, Xie ZG, Hu H, Zhang YJ, Liu JP. Factors influencing participant compliance in acupuncture trials: An in-depth interview study. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0231780. [PMID: 32298368 PMCID: PMC7162473 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0231780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Little is known of acupuncture patients’ experiences and opinions of clinical trials, and what may influence their compliance when participating in an acupuncture trial. Objectives To explore the potential factors that influence patients’ choice and determinants to participate in acupuncture clinical trials. Methods Ten qualitative, in-depth interviews were conducted with patients from acupuncture clinics in Beijing, who had previously participated in acupuncture clinical trials. Results Four main themes emerged from the interview data: effectiveness of the treatment, convenience of participating in a trial, doctor-participant communication, and participant acceptance of the treatment (or the trial). Effectiveness of acupuncture in treating the health condition was the most important factor for participant adherence. Pragmatics of treatment schedules, travel and attendance burden, together with confidence in the doctor’s ability additionally influenced trial and treatment compliance. Conclusions In-depth interviews suggest that treatment effectiveness, the pragmatics of attending treatment sessions, and the expertise and attitudes of acupuncturists are determining factors of participation and compliance in acupuncture clinical trials. Participants’ confidence in, and expectation of, acupuncture may facilitate compliance, while their fear of acupuncture and negative perceptions of the trial’s purpose may reduce treatment compliance. Compliance may be facilitated by enhanced doctor-patient communication, personalized treatment programs, and feedback on treatment outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Juan Cao
- Centre for Evidence-Based Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- * E-mail: (HJC); (JPL)
| | - Xun Li
- Centre for Evidence-Based Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xin-Lin Li
- China Press of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Lesley Ward
- Department of Sport, Exercise & Rehabilitation, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
- Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, Australia
| | - Zhan-Guo Xie
- The Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, First People’s Hospital of Dongcheng District, Beijing, China
| | - Hui Hu
- The Department of Acupuncture and Metabolic Diseases, Dongfang Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Ya-Jing Zhang
- Institute of information and literature, Jiangxi Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Jian-Ping Liu
- Centre for Evidence-Based Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- * E-mail: (HJC); (JPL)
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A Mathematical Model to Study the Mechanical Information Induced by Lifting-Thrusting Needle. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2019; 2019:5475426. [PMID: 31080483 PMCID: PMC6476023 DOI: 10.1155/2019/5475426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2018] [Revised: 01/07/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Focusing on the mechanical effect of traditional Chinese acupuncture, this study builds a mathematical model that simulates the mechanical process of lifting-thrusting needle. Analytic and numerical solutions are obtained to explore the mechanical information (displacement, strain, stress, and energy) in the skin tissue. Our results show that (1) needle manipulation leads to tissue displacement and mechanical stress field, but the needle should be inserted into the right position (about π/ω cm around the acupoint, where ω is the angular frequency) and enough depth (about 2 cm in lower limbs) to achieve effective mechanical stimuli; (2) the tissue displacement decays with an increase of distance from the stimulus position, more rapidly at higher frequencies; (3) there is an inverse relationship between the area of the 'effective influence region' (where shear strain > 0.2) and the stimulus frequency, which means larger needle movement is needed at higher frequencies to achieve a better curative effect; (4) more energy is required to maintain high frequency manipulation. This study proposes a preliminary comprehension of the mechanical response around the needle during the acupuncture process.
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Wang CC, Huang TH, Chiou KC, Chang ZY. Therapeutic Effect of Superficial Acupuncture in Treating Myofascial Pain of the Upper Trapezius Muscle: A Randomized Controlled Trial. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2018; 2018:9125746. [PMID: 30622617 PMCID: PMC6304674 DOI: 10.1155/2018/9125746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2018] [Revised: 10/23/2018] [Accepted: 11/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to compare the treatment efficacies of superficial acupuncture and traditional acupuncture on trigger points of the upper trapezius muscle. Forty people were recruited and randomly allocated to the traditional and superficial acupuncture groups. Each subject received two treatments per week in a four-week period. Outcomes were measured by visual analogue scale (VAS), the Northwick Park neck pain questionnaire scores (NPQ), and pressure pain threshold (PPT) assessments of trigger points. Data collected before the interventions were considered as baseline. Assessments were performed after the first treatment and at the end of the second and fourth weeks of treatment. Patients reported significant (p<0.05) and immediate improvements in VAS and PPT for both superficial acupuncture and traditional acupuncture after the first treatment and after two and four weeks. Significant improvements (p<0.05) in NPQ were attained after two weeks of treatments in both groups. Because superficial acupuncture is associated with less pain while producing immediate pain relief, we recommend it for treating myofascial pain syndrome in the upper trapezius muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Ching Wang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan
| | - Tse Hung Huang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- School of Nursing, National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Kuo Ching Chiou
- Department of Finance, Chaoyang University of Technology, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Zi Yu Chang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
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Wu M, Cui J, Xu D, Zhang K, Jing X, Bai W. Neuroanatomical characteristics of deep and superficial needling using LI11 as an example. Acupunct Med 2015; 33:472-7. [PMID: 26490338 PMCID: PMC4860970 DOI: 10.1136/acupmed-2015-010882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Objectives To compare the neuroanatomical characteristics of the deep and superficial tissues at acupuncture point LI11 using a neural tracing technique, in order to examine the neural basis of potential differences between deep and superficial needling techniques. Methods In order to mimic the situations of the deep and superficial needling, the retrograde neural tracer Alexa Fluor 488 conjugate of cholera toxin subunit B (AF488-CTB) was injected into the muscle or subcutaneous tissue, respectively, at acupuncture point LI11 in eight rats (n=4 each). Three days following injection, the distribution of motor and sensory neurons labelled with AF488-CTB was examined in the spinal cord and dorsal root ganglia (DRG) under a fluorescent microscope. Results For both types of injection, labelled motor and sensory neurons were distributed on the side ipsilateral to the injection in the spinal cord and DRG between spinal levels C5 and T1. The number of labelled motor neurons following intramuscular injection was significantly higher than subcutaneous injection. By contrast, the number of labelled sensory neurons following subcutaneous injection was significantly higher in number and extended over a greater number of spinal segments compared to intramuscular injection. Conclusions These data indicate that the motor and sensory innervation of muscle and subcutaneous tissue beneath LI11 differ, and suggest that acupuncture signals induced by deep and superficial needling stimulation may be transmitted through different neural pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiling Wu
- Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jingjing Cui
- Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Dongsheng Xu
- Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Kun Zhang
- Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xianghong Jing
- Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wanzhu Bai
- Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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