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Al Ghali R, Smail L, Muqbel M, Haroun D. Maternal investment, life-history trajectory of the off-spring and cardiovascular disease risk in Emirati females in the United Arab Emirates. BMC Public Health 2021; 21:1237. [PMID: 34176485 PMCID: PMC8237435 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-021-11182-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Variations in cardiovascular disease risk (CVD) are suggested to be partly influenced by factors that affect prenatal growth patterns and outcomes, namely degree of maternal investment (proxied by birth weight and gestational age). Using the life history trajectory model, this study investigates whether maternal investment in early prenatal life associates with menarcheal age and whether maternal investment affects CVD risk in adulthood and predicts adult size and adiposity levels. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted among 94 healthy Emirati females. Birth weight, gestational age and menarcheal age were obtained. Anthropometrical measurements, body composition analysis, and blood pressure values were collected. Regression analyses were conducted to establish associations. Results There was no association between birth weight standard deviation score (SDS) and age at menarche. When investigating the associations of birth weight SDS and age at menarche with growth indices, it was found that only birth weight was positively and significantly associated with both height (β = 1.342 cm, 95% CI (0.12, 2.57), p = 0.032) and leg length (β = 0.968 cm, 95% CI (0.08, 1.86), p = 0.034). Menarcheal age was significantly and inversely associated with fat mass index (FMI) (β = − 0.080 cm, 95% CI (− 0.13, − 0.03), p = 0.002), but not with waist circumference and fat free mass index (FFMI) (p > 0.05). Birth weight SDS was positively and significantly associated with waist circumference (β = 0.035 cm, 95% CI (0.01, 0.06), p = 0.009), FMI (β = 0.087 cm, 95% CI (0.01, 0.16), p = 0.027), and FFMI (β = 0.485 cm, 95% CI (0.17, 0.80), p = 0.003). Birth weight SDS was not significantly associated with either systolic blood pressure (SBP) or diastolic blood pressure (DBP) (p > 0.05). However, FMI, waist circumference, and FFMI were positively and significantly associated with SBP. Regarding DBP, the relationship was negatively and significantly associated with only FFMI (β = − 1.6111 kg/m2, 95% CI (− 2.63, − 0.60), p = 0.002). Conclusion Although the results do not fully support that Emirati females fast-life history is associated with increased chronic disease risk, the data does suggest a link between restricted fetal growth in response to low maternal investment and metabolic and reproductive health. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12889-021-11182-0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rola Al Ghali
- Department of Health Sciences, Zayed University, College of Natural and Health Sciences, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Linda Smail
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Zayed University, College of Natural and Health Sciences, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Maryam Muqbel
- Department of Medicine, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - Dalia Haroun
- Department of Health Sciences, Zayed University, College of Natural and Health Sciences, Dubai, United Arab Emirates.
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Michels KB, Keller K, Pereira A, Kim CE, Santos JL, Shepherd J, Corvalan C, Binder AM. Association between indicators of systemic inflammation biomarkers during puberty with breast density and onset of menarche. Breast Cancer Res 2020; 22:104. [PMID: 33004039 PMCID: PMC7531086 DOI: 10.1186/s13058-020-01338-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Systemic inflammation may play a role in shaping breast composition, one of the strongest risk factors for breast cancer. Pubertal development presents a critical window of breast tissue susceptibility to exogenous and endogenous factors, including pro-inflammatory markers. However, little is known about the role of systemic inflammation on adolescent breast composition and pubertal development among girls. Methods We investigated associations between circulating levels of inflammatory markers (e.g., interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor receptor 2 (TNFR2), and C-reactive protein (CRP)) at Tanner stages 2 and 4 and breast composition at Tanner stage 4 in a cohort of 397 adolescent girls in Santiago, Chile (Growth and Obesity Cohort Study, 2006–2018). Multivariable linear models were used to examine the association between breast composition and each inflammatory marker, stratifying by Tanner stage at inflammatory marker measurement. Accelerated failure time models were used to evaluate the association between inflammatory markers concentrations at each Tanner stage and time to menarche. Results In age-adjusted linear regression models, a doubling of TNFR2 at Tanner 2 was associated with a 26% (95% CI 7–48%) increase in total breast volume at Tanner 4 and a 22% (95% CI 10–32%) decrease of fibroglandular volume at Tanner 4. In multivariable models further adjusted for body fatness and other covariates, these associations were attenuated to the null. The time to menarche was 3% (95% CI 1–5%) shorter among those in the highest quartile of IL-6 at Tanner 2 relative to those in the lowest quartile in fully adjusted models. Compared to those in the lowest quartile of CRP at Tanner 4, those in the highest quartile experienced 2% (95% CI 0–3%) longer time to menarche in multivariable models. Conclusions Systemic inflammation during puberty was not associated with breast volume or breast density at the conclusion of breast development among pubertal girls after adjusting for body fatness; however, these circulating inflammation biomarkers, specifically CRP and IL-6, may affect the timing of menarche onset.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin B Michels
- Department of Epidemiology, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, 650 Charles Young Drive South, Room 71-264 CHS, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA. .,Institute for Prevention and Cancer Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany.
| | - Kristen Keller
- Department of Biostatistics, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Ana Pereira
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Claire E Kim
- Department of Epidemiology, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, 650 Charles Young Drive South, Room 71-264 CHS, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - José L Santos
- Department of Nutrition, Diabetes and Metabolism, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - John Shepherd
- Population Sciences in the Pacific Program (Cancer Epidemiology), University of Hawai'i Cancer Center, University of Hawai'i, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Camila Corvalan
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Alexandra M Binder
- Department of Epidemiology, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, 650 Charles Young Drive South, Room 71-264 CHS, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.,Population Sciences in the Pacific Program (Cancer Epidemiology), University of Hawai'i Cancer Center, University of Hawai'i, Honolulu, HI, USA
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW A growing body of epidemiological and experimental data indicate that nutritional or environmental stressors during early development can induce long-term adaptations that increase risk of obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and other chronic conditions-a phenomenon termed "developmental programming." A common phenotype in humans and animal models is altered body composition, with reduced muscle and bone mass, and increased fat mass. In this review, we summarize the recent literature linking prenatal factors to future body composition and explore contributing mechanisms. RECENT FINDINGS Many prenatal exposures, including intrauterine growth restriction, extremes of birth weight, maternal obesity, and maternal diabetes, are associated with increased fat mass, reduced muscle mass, and decreased bone density, with effects reported throughout infancy and childhood, and persisting into middle age. Mechanisms and mediators include maternal diet, breastmilk composition, metabolites, appetite regulation, genetic and epigenetic influences, stem cell commitment and function, and mitochondrial metabolism. Differences in body composition are a common phenotype following disruptions to the prenatal environment, and may contribute to developmental programming of obesity and diabetes risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elvira Isganaitis
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, 1 Joslin Place, Room 655A, Boston, 02215, MA, USA.
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Mastroeni MF, Czarnobay SA, Kroll C, Figueirêdo KBW, Mastroeni SSBS, Silva JC, Khan MKA, Loehr S, Veugelers PJ. The Independent Importance of Pre-pregnancy Weight and Gestational Weight Gain for the Prevention of Large-for Gestational Age Brazilian Newborns. Matern Child Health J 2018; 21:705-714. [PMID: 27449649 DOI: 10.1007/s10995-016-2156-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Objectives To study the independent effect of pre-pregnancy weight, gestational weight gain (GWG), and other important risk factors on newborn birth weight. Methods Baseline data of 435 adult women and their singletons born between January and February 2012 at a public hospital in Brazil were used. Logistic regression was applied to determine the independent importance of pre-pregnancy weight and GWG for large for gestational age (LGA) newborns. Results Among all mothers, 37.9 % were overweight and obese before pregnancy and 45.3 % experienced excessive GWG. Among the newborns, 24.4 % were classified as LGA. Univariate analysis showed an association of family income, GWG, pre-pregnancy BMI and excessive GWG with LGA newborns. Smoking before and during pregnancy was associated with a decreased likelihood of giving birth to an LGA newborn compared to mothers who did not smoke. After adjustment for confounding variables, age at birth of first child, GWG, HbA1c and pre-pregnancy weight-GWG were significant and independent determinants of giving birth to an LGA newborn. Mothers with pre-pregnancy overweight and excessive GWG were more likely to deliver an LGA newborn (OR 2.54, P < 0.05) compared to mothers who were normal weight and experienced adequate GWG. Conclusions for Practice Age at first birth of child, GWG, HbA1c and pre-pregnancy overweight combined with excessive GWG are independent determinants of LGA newborns. The results of this study suggest that both primary prevention of overweight in women of childbearing age and management of GWG may be important strategies to reduce the number of LGA newborns and, consequently, the long-term public health burden of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco F Mastroeni
- Post-graduation Program in Health and Environment, University of Joinville Region, Rua Paulo Malschitzki, No 10, Joinville, SC, CEP 89.219-710, Brazil. .,Department of Biological Sciences, University of Joinville Region, Rua Paulo Malschitzki, No 10, Joinville, SC, CEP 89.219-710, Brazil. .,Population Health Intervention Research Unit, School of Public Health, University of Alberta, 3-50 University Terrace, 8303 - 112 St, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2T4, Canada.
| | - Sandra A Czarnobay
- Post-graduation Program in Health and Environment, University of Joinville Region, Rua Paulo Malschitzki, No 10, Joinville, SC, CEP 89.219-710, Brazil
| | - Caroline Kroll
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Joinville Region, Rua Paulo Malschitzki, No 10, Joinville, SC, CEP 89.219-710, Brazil
| | - Katherinne B W Figueirêdo
- Post-graduation Program in Health and Environment, University of Joinville Region, Rua Paulo Malschitzki, No 10, Joinville, SC, CEP 89.219-710, Brazil
| | - Silmara S B S Mastroeni
- Department of Physical Education, University of Joinville Region, Rua Paulo Malschitzki, No 10, Joinville, SC, CEP 89.219-710, Brazil.,Population Health Intervention Research Unit, School of Public Health, University of Alberta, 3-50 University Terrace, 8303 - 112 St, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2T4, Canada
| | - Jean C Silva
- Post-graduation Program in Health and Environment, University of Joinville Region, Rua Paulo Malschitzki, No 10, Joinville, SC, CEP 89.219-710, Brazil
| | - Mohammad K A Khan
- Population Health Intervention Research Unit, School of Public Health, University of Alberta, 3-50 University Terrace, 8303 - 112 St, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2T4, Canada
| | - Sarah Loehr
- Population Health Intervention Research Unit, School of Public Health, University of Alberta, 3-50 University Terrace, 8303 - 112 St, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2T4, Canada
| | - Paul J Veugelers
- Population Health Intervention Research Unit, School of Public Health, University of Alberta, 3-50 University Terrace, 8303 - 112 St, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2T4, Canada
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dos Santos FK, Moura dos Santos MA, Almeida MB, Nobre IG, Nobre GG, Ferreira e Silva WT, Gomes TN, António Ribeiro Maia J, Leandro CG. Biological and behavioral correlates of body weight status among rural Northeast Brazilian schoolchildren. Am J Hum Biol 2018; 30:e23096. [DOI: 10.1002/ajhb.23096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2017] [Revised: 12/04/2017] [Accepted: 12/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Marcelus Brito Almeida
- Department of Physical Education and Sports Science; CAV, Federal University of Pernambuco; Vitória de Santo Antão PE Brazil
| | - Isabele Goes Nobre
- Department of Physical Education and Sports Science; CAV, Federal University of Pernambuco; Vitória de Santo Antão PE Brazil
| | - Gabriela Goes Nobre
- Department of Physical Education and Sports Science; CAV, Federal University of Pernambuco; Vitória de Santo Antão PE Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Carol Góis Leandro
- Department of Physical Education and Sports Science; CAV, Federal University of Pernambuco; Vitória de Santo Antão PE Brazil
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Kuhle S, Maguire B, Ata N, MacInnis N, Dodds L. Birth Weight for Gestational Age, Anthropometric Measures, and Cardiovascular Disease Markers in Children. J Pediatr 2017; 182:99-106. [PMID: 28012695 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2016.11.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2016] [Revised: 10/10/2016] [Accepted: 11/23/2016] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the association of birth weight for gestational age with anthropometric measures and cardiometabolic markers in a population-based sample of Canadian children. STUDY DESIGN The study used data from 2016 children aged 6-12 years from the first 2 cycles of the Canadian Health Measures Survey, a population-based survey of Canadian residents. The main exposure was birth weight for gestational age (small [SGA], large [LGA], and appropriate for gestational age [AGA]). The outcomes were anthropometric measures, blood pressure, and laboratory cardiovascular disease markers. The association between the exposure and the outcomes was examined using multiple regression. Analyses were weighted to account for the complex sampling design and for nonresponse. RESULTS SGA infants had lower and LGA infants had higher z scores for anthropometric measures compared with the AGA group but most differences were not statistically significant. There were no differences between the SGA or LGA infants and the AGA group in blood pressure or individual cardiometabolic markers but SGA infants were significantly less likely to have elevated levels of 3 or more components of the metabolic syndrome compared with their AGA peers. CONCLUSIONS Former SGA and LGA infants have lower (SGA) and higher (LGA) body mass index and waist circumference, respectively, than their AGA peers. The known long-term increased cardiovascular disease risk among SGA or LGA infants was not reflected in the blood pressure and laboratory measurements at age 6-12 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Kuhle
- Perinatal Epidemiology Research Unit, Departments of Obstetrics and Gynaecology and Pediatrics, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada.
| | - Bryan Maguire
- Perinatal Epidemiology Research Unit, Departments of Obstetrics and Gynaecology and Pediatrics, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada; Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Nicole Ata
- School of Health and Human Performance, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Natasha MacInnis
- Perinatal Epidemiology Research Unit, Departments of Obstetrics and Gynaecology and Pediatrics, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Linda Dodds
- Perinatal Epidemiology Research Unit, Departments of Obstetrics and Gynaecology and Pediatrics, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
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Czajkowska A, Mazurek K, Wiśniewski A, Kęska A, Tkaczyk J, Krawczyk K, Pałka M, Mazurek T. Insufficient physical activity increases cardiovascular risk in women with low birth mass. BIOMEDICAL HUMAN KINETICS 2017. [DOI: 10.1515/bhk-2017-0001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Summary
Study aim: The aim of the study was to evaluate the relationship between low birth mass and concentration of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) as a cardiovascular risk factor in young women with various levels of physical activity.
Materials and methods: 102 female students aged 19.7 ± 0.8 (18.6-23.0) were included. The study group was divided according to the declared physical activity: high physical activity (HPA, n = 69) and low physical activity (LPA, n = 33). Anthropometric indices were measured: body mass, height, hip and waist circumference. hsCRP levels were obtained from venous blood samples. Birth body mass (BBM) and birth height were collected from medical documentation.
Results: Women with low BBM and LPA had a significantly higher concentration of hsCRP than women with low BBM and HPA, as well as women with normal BBM.
Conclusions: Low birth mass together with low physical activity is a strong predictor of raised concentration of hsCRP, which correlates with an increased risk of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. Regular physical activity in women with low birth mass may prevent an increased hsCRP concentration, and as a result decrease the risk of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Czajkowska
- Faculty of Tourism and Recreation, Józef Piłsudski University of Physical Education in Warsaw , Poland
| | - Krzysztof Mazurek
- Faculty of Physical Education, Józef Piłsudski University of Physical Education in Warsaw , Poland
| | - Andrzej Wiśniewski
- Faculty of Physical Education, Józef Piłsudski University of Physical Education in Warsaw , Poland
| | - Anna Kęska
- Faculty of Physical Education, Józef Piłsudski University of Physical Education in Warsaw , Poland
| | - Joanna Tkaczyk
- Faculty of Physical Education, Józef Piłsudski University of Physical Education in Warsaw , Poland
| | | | - Magdalena Pałka
- Faculty of Physical Education, Józef Piłsudski University of Physical Education in Warsaw , Poland
| | - Tomasz Mazurek
- I Chair and Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw , Poland
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