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Freville E, Sergienko JP, Mujica R, Rey C, Bras J. Novel technologies for producing tridimensional cellulosic materials for packaging: A review. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 342:122413. [PMID: 39048242 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2024.122413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
Petroleum-based packaging have been developed during the last century to transport and protect many products, regardless of the field of applications (food, electronics, cosmetics, leisure, etc.). Such protection has been very useful for the development of our society by favoring economic growth, limiting food waste and product deterioration, and consequently avoiding strong environmental impacts. An environmental concern has now been taken into consideration by numerous countries, with several legislations being promulgated to avoid or limit plastic waste. In this context, cellulose emerges as an alternative material for packaging applications since it is bio-based, biodegradable, and in most cases recyclable in an existing stream. However, most of the existing cellulose packaging is based on roll-to-roll 2D products or plied boxes and is not suitable to substitute plastics in 3D-shaped packaging. Recently, the interest in molded cellulose has increased exponentially thanks to new adaptations of raw materials and processes. Alternatively, research groups and companies try to adapt the injection molding to the production of cellulose-based packaging solutions. This review details for the first time the various processes and recent works in this direction. After proposing the basics of cellulose, this work focuses on the different types of molded cellulose and the novel strategies to produce 3D cellulose-based materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilien Freville
- University Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, LGP2, 38000 Grenoble, France; Centre technique du papier, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | | | - Randy Mujica
- University Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, LGP2, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Candice Rey
- University Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, LGP2, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Julien Bras
- University Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, LGP2, 38000 Grenoble, France; Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), 75000 Paris, France.
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2
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Hasan MM, Ahmad A, Akter MZ, Choi YJ, Yi HG. Bioinks for bioprinting using plant-derived biomaterials. Biofabrication 2024; 16:042004. [PMID: 39079554 DOI: 10.1088/1758-5090/ad6932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024]
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting has revolutionized tissue engineering by enabling the fabrication of complex and functional human tissues and organs. An essential component of successful 3D bioprinting is the selection of an appropriate bioink capable of supporting cell proliferation and viability. Plant-derived biomaterials, because of their abundance, biocompatibility, and tunable properties, hold promise as bioink sources, thus offering advantages over animal-derived biomaterials, which carry immunogenic concerns. This comprehensive review explores and analyzes the potential of plant-derived biomaterials as bioinks for 3D bioprinting of human tissues. Modification and optimization of these materials to enhance printability and biological functionality are discussed. Furthermore, cancer research and drug testing applications of the use of plant-based biomaterials in bioprinting various human tissues such as bone, cartilage, skin, and vascular tissues are described. Challenges and limitations, including mechanical integrity, cell viability, resolution, and regulatory concerns, along with potential strategies to overcome them, are discussed. Additionally, this review provides insights into the potential use of plant-based decellularized ECM (dECM) as bioinks, future prospects, and emerging trends in the use of plant-derived biomaterials for 3D bioprinting applications. The potential of plant-derived biomaterials as bioinks for 3D bioprinting of human tissues is highlighted herein. However, further research is necessary to optimize their processing, standardize their properties, and evaluate their long-termin vivoperformance. Continued advancements in plant-derived biomaterials have the potential to revolutionize tissue engineering and facilitate the development of functional and regenerative therapies for diverse clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Mehedee Hasan
- Department of Convergence Biosystems Engineering, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences (CALS), Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Ashfaq Ahmad
- Department of Convergence Biosystems Engineering, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences (CALS), Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
- Interdisciplinary Program in IT-Bio Convergence System, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Mst Zobaida Akter
- Department of Convergence Biosystems Engineering, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences (CALS), Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
- Interdisciplinary Program in IT-Bio Convergence System, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeong-Jin Choi
- Advanced Bio and Healthcare Materials Research Division, Korea Institute of Materials Science (KIMS), Changwon 51508, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Gyeong Yi
- Department of Convergence Biosystems Engineering, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences (CALS), Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
- Interdisciplinary Program in IT-Bio Convergence System, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
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3
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Tamo AK. Nanocellulose-based hydrogels as versatile materials with interesting functional properties for tissue engineering applications. J Mater Chem B 2024; 12:7692-7759. [PMID: 38805188 DOI: 10.1039/d4tb00397g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Tissue engineering has emerged as a remarkable field aiming to restore or replace damaged tissues through the use of biomimetic constructs. Among the diverse materials investigated for this purpose, nanocellulose-based hydrogels have garnered attention due to their intriguing biocompatibility, tunable mechanical properties, and sustainability. Over the past few years, numerous research works have been published focusing on the successful use of nanocellulose-based hydrogels as artificial extracellular matrices for regenerating various types of tissues. The review emphasizes the importance of tissue engineering, highlighting hydrogels as biomimetic scaffolds, and specifically focuses on the role of nanocellulose in composites that mimic the structures, properties, and functions of the native extracellular matrix for regenerating damaged tissues. It also summarizes the types of nanocellulose, as well as their structural, mechanical, and biological properties, and their contributions to enhancing the properties and characteristics of functional hydrogels for tissue engineering of skin, bone, cartilage, heart, nerves and blood vessels. Additionally, recent advancements in the application of nanocellulose-based hydrogels for tissue engineering have been evaluated and documented. The review also addresses the challenges encountered in their fabrication while exploring the potential future prospects of these hydrogel matrices for biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnaud Kamdem Tamo
- Institute of Microsystems Engineering IMTEK, University of Freiburg, 79110 Freiburg, Germany.
- Freiburg Center for Interactive Materials and Bioinspired Technologies FIT, University of Freiburg, 79110 Freiburg, Germany
- Freiburg Materials Research Center FMF, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
- Ingénierie des Matériaux Polymères (IMP), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSA de Lyon, Université Jean Monnet, CNRS, UMR 5223, 69622 Villeurbanne CEDEX, France
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4
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Zhang J, Liu L, Shen R, Lou X. Construction of organ of Corti organoid to study the effects of berberine sulfate on damaged auditory cells. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2024; 112:e35439. [PMID: 38923766 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.35439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) is mainly caused by injury or loss of hair cells (HCs) and associated spiral ganglion neurons (SGNs) in the inner ear. At present, there is still no effective treatment for SNHL in clinic. Recently, advances in organoid bring a promising prospect for research and treatment of SNHL. Meanwhile, three-dimensional (3D) printing provides a tremendous opportunity to construct versatile organoids for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. In this study, gelatin (Gel), sodium alginate (SA), and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) were used to fabricate biomimetic scaffold through 3D printing. The organ of Corti derived from neonatal mice inner ear was seeded on the PVA/Gel/SA scaffold to construct organ of Corti organoid. Then, the organ of Corti organoid was used to study the potential protective effects of berberine sulfate on neomycin-juried auditory HCs and SGNs. The results showed that the PVA/Gel/SA biomimetic 3D scaffolds had good cytocompatibilities and mechanical properties. The constructed organoid could maintain organ of Corti activity well in vitro. In addition, the injury intervention results showed that berberine sulfate could significantly inhibit neomycin-induced HC and SGN damage. This study suggests that the fabricated organoid is highly biomimetic to the organ of Corti, which may provide an effective model for drug development, cell and gene therapy for SNHL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junming Zhang
- College of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Liu
- College of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Rong Shen
- Department of Geriatrics, Yueyang Hosptial of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangxin Lou
- College of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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Jiang Y, Latif M, Kim J. Three-Dimensional Printing of Lignocellulose Structures: Improving Mechanical Properties and Shape Fidelity. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:23442-23450. [PMID: 38854504 PMCID: PMC11154944 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c10101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
Additive manufacturing of nanocellulose (NC) materials is an emergent technological domain that facilitates the fabrication of complex and environment-friendly structures that mitigate greenhouse gas emissions. However, printing high concentrations of NC into intricate structures encounters substantial challenges due to inadequate adhesion between the printed layers attributed to a high cellulose solid content, resulting in low shape fidelity and mechanical properties. Therefore, to address these challenges, this paper reports lignin (LG) blending, a nanofiller, in high-content NC (>25 wt % solid content) paste to improve the layer adhesion of three-dimensional (3D) printed structures. The printed structures are dried in a clean room condition followed by postcuring. The optimized lignocellulose (0.5LG-NC) paste showed high structural shape fidelity, remarkable flexural strength, and moduli of 102.93 ± 0.96 MPa and 9.05 ± 0.07 GPa. Furthermore, the volumetric shrinkage behavior in box-like 3D printed structures with optimized LG-NC paste shows low standard deviations, demonstrating the repeatability of the printed structures. The study can be adapted for high-performance engineering and biomedical applications to manufacture high mechanical strength environment-friendly structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangxiaozhe Jiang
- Creative Research Center
for Nanocellulose Future Composites, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Inha University, 100, Inha-ro, Michuhol-gu, Incheon 22212, South Korea
| | - Muhammad Latif
- Creative Research Center
for Nanocellulose Future Composites, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Inha University, 100, Inha-ro, Michuhol-gu, Incheon 22212, South Korea
| | - Jaehwan Kim
- Creative Research Center
for Nanocellulose Future Composites, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Inha University, 100, Inha-ro, Michuhol-gu, Incheon 22212, South Korea
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Tabatabaei Hosseini BS, Meadows K, Gabriel V, Hu J, Kim K. Biofabrication of Cellulose-based Hydrogels for Advanced Wound Healing: A Special Emphasis on 3D Bioprinting. Macromol Biosci 2024; 24:e2300376. [PMID: 38031512 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202300376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Even with the current advancements in wound management, addressing most skin injuries and wounds continues to pose a significant obstacle for the healthcare industry. As a result, researchers are now focusing on creating innovative materials utilizing cellulose and its derivatives. Cellulose, the most abundant biopolymer in nature, has unique properties that make it a promising material for wound healing, such as biocompatibility, tunable physiochemical characteristics, accessibility, and low cost. 3D bioprinting technology has enabled the production of cellulose-based wound dressings with complex structures that mimic the extracellular matrix. The inclusion of bioactive molecules such as growth factors offers the ability to aid in promoting wound healing, while cellulose creates an ideal environment for controlled release of these biomolecules and moisture retention. The use of 3D bioprinted cellulose-based wound dressings has potential benefits for managing chronic wounds, burns, and painful wounds by promoting wound healing and reducing the risk of infection. This review provides an up-to-date summary of cellulose-based dressings manufactured by 3D bioprinting techniques by looking into wound healing biology, biofabrication methods, cellulose derivatives, and the existing cellulose bioinks targeted toward wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kieran Meadows
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Vincent Gabriel
- Calgary Firefighters Burn Treatment Centre, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Jinguang Hu
- Department of Petroleum and Chemical Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Keekyoung Kim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, T2N 1N4, Canada
- Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, T2N 1N4, Canada
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7
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Amaya-Rivas JL, Perero BS, Helguero CG, Hurel JL, Peralta JM, Flores FA, Alvarado JD. Future trends of additive manufacturing in medical applications: An overview. Heliyon 2024; 10:e26641. [PMID: 38444512 PMCID: PMC10912264 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e26641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Additive Manufacturing (AM) has recently demonstrated significant medical progress. Due to advancements in materials and methodologies, various processes have been developed to cater to the medical sector's requirements, including bioprinting and 4D, 5D, and 6D printing. However, only a few studies have captured these emerging trends and their medical applications. Therefore, this overview presents an analysis of the advancements and achievements obtained in AM for the medical industry, focusing on the principal trends identified in the annual report of AM3DP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge L. Amaya-Rivas
- Advanced Manufacturing and Prototyping Laboratory (CAMPRO), ESPOL Polytechnic University, Km 30.5 Vía Perimetral, P.O. Box: 09-01-5863, Guayaquil, Ecuador
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Production Sciences (FIMCP), ESPOL Polytechnic University, Km 30.5 Vía Perimetral, P.O. Box: 09-01-5863, Guayaquil, Ecuador
| | - Bryan S. Perero
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Production Sciences (FIMCP), ESPOL Polytechnic University, Km 30.5 Vía Perimetral, P.O. Box: 09-01-5863, Guayaquil, Ecuador
| | - Carlos G. Helguero
- Advanced Manufacturing and Prototyping Laboratory (CAMPRO), ESPOL Polytechnic University, Km 30.5 Vía Perimetral, P.O. Box: 09-01-5863, Guayaquil, Ecuador
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Production Sciences (FIMCP), ESPOL Polytechnic University, Km 30.5 Vía Perimetral, P.O. Box: 09-01-5863, Guayaquil, Ecuador
| | - Jorge L. Hurel
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Production Sciences (FIMCP), ESPOL Polytechnic University, Km 30.5 Vía Perimetral, P.O. Box: 09-01-5863, Guayaquil, Ecuador
| | - Juan M. Peralta
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Production Sciences (FIMCP), ESPOL Polytechnic University, Km 30.5 Vía Perimetral, P.O. Box: 09-01-5863, Guayaquil, Ecuador
| | - Francisca A. Flores
- Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics (FCNM), ESPOL Polytechnic University, Km 30.5 Vía Perimetral, P.O. Box: 09-01-5863, Guayaquil, Ecuador
| | - José D. Alvarado
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Production Sciences (FIMCP), ESPOL Polytechnic University, Km 30.5 Vía Perimetral, P.O. Box: 09-01-5863, Guayaquil, Ecuador
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Rothammer M, Zollfrank C. Photocrosslinkable Cellulose Derivatives for the Manufacturing of All-Cellulose-Based Architectures. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 16:9. [PMID: 38201673 PMCID: PMC10781059 DOI: 10.3390/polym16010009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Replacing petroleum-based polymers with biopolymers such as polysaccharides is essential for protecting our environment by saving fossil resources. A research field that can benefit from the application of more sustainable and renewable materials is photochemistry. Therefore, cellulose-based photoresists that could be photocrosslinked via UV irradiation (λ = 254 nm and λ = 365 nm) were developed. These biogenic polymers enable the manufacturing of sustainable coatings, even with imprinted microstructures, and cellulose-based bulk materials. Thus, herein, cellulose was functionalized with organic compounds containing carbon double bonds to introduce photocrosslinkable side groups directly onto the cellulose backbone. Therefore, unsaturated anhydrides such as methacrylic acid anhydride and unsaturated and polyunsaturated carboxylic acids such as linoleic acid were utilized. Additionally, these cellulose derivatives were modified with acetate or tosylate groups to generate cellulose-based polymers, which are soluble in organic solvents, making them suitable for multiple processing methods, such as casting, printing and coating. The photocurable resist was basically composed of the UV-crosslinkable biopolymer, an appropriate solvent and, if necessary, a photoinitiator. Moreover, these bio-based photoresists were UV-crosslinkable in the liquid and solid states after the removal of the solvent. Further, the manufactured cellulose-based architectures, even the bulk structures, could be entirely regenerated into pure cellulose devices via a sodium methoxide treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Cordt Zollfrank
- Chair for Biogenic Polymers, Technical University of Munich, Schulgasse 16, 94315 Straubing, Germany;
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Barrulas RV, Corvo MC. Rheology in Product Development: An Insight into 3D Printing of Hydrogels and Aerogels. Gels 2023; 9:986. [PMID: 38131974 PMCID: PMC10742728 DOI: 10.3390/gels9120986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2023] [Revised: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Rheological characterisation plays a crucial role in developing and optimising advanced materials in the form of hydrogels and aerogels, especially if 3D printing technologies are involved. Applications ranging from tissue engineering to environmental remediation require the fine-tuning of such properties. Nonetheless, their complex rheological behaviour presents unique challenges in additive manufacturing. This review outlines the vital rheological parameters that influence the printability of hydrogel and aerogel inks, emphasising the importance of viscosity, yield stress, and viscoelasticity. Furthermore, the article discusses the latest developments in rheological modifiers and printing techniques that enable precise control over material deposition and resolution in 3D printing. By understanding and manipulating the rheological properties of these materials, researchers can explore new possibilities for applications such as biomedicine or nanotechnology. An optimal 3D printing ink requires strong shear-thinning behaviour for smooth extrusion, forming continuous filaments. Favourable thixotropic properties aid viscosity recovery post-printing, and adequate yield stress and G' are crucial for structural integrity, preventing deformation or collapse in printed objects, and ensuring high-fidelity preservation of shapes. This insight into rheology provides tools for the future of material design and manufacturing in the rapidly evolving field of 3D printing of hydrogels and aerogels.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marta C. Corvo
- i3N|Cenimat, Department of Materials Science (DCM), NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal;
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Cianciosi A, Simon J, Bartolf-Kopp M, Grausgruber H, Dargaville TR, Forget A, Groll J, Jungst T, Beaumont M. Direct ink writing of multifunctional nanocellulose and allyl-modified gelatin biomaterial inks for the fabrication of mechanically and functionally graded constructs. Carbohydr Polym 2023; 319:121145. [PMID: 37567703 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.121145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
Recreating the intricate mechanical and functional gradients found in natural tissues through additive manufacturing poses significant challenges, including the need for precise control over time and space and the availability of versatile biomaterial inks. In this proof-of-concept study, we developed a new biomaterial ink for direct ink writing, allowing the creation of 3D structures with tailorable functional and mechanical gradients. Our ink formulation combined multifunctional cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs), allyl-functionalized gelatin (0.8-2.0 wt%), and polyethylene glycol dithiol (3.0-7.5 wt%). The CNF served as a rheology modifier, whereas a concentration of 1.8 w/v % in the inks was chosen for optimal printability and shape fidelity. In addition, CNFs were functionalized with azido groups, enabling the spatial distribution of functional moieties within a 3D structure. These functional groups were further modified using a spontaneous click chemistry reaction. Through additive manufacturing and a readily available static mixer, we successfully demonstrated the fabrication of mechanical gradients - ranging from 3 to 6 kPa in indentation strength - and functional gradients. Additionally, we introduced dual gradients by combining gradient printing with an anisotropic photocrosslinking step. The developed biomaterial ink opens up possibilities for printing intricate multigradient structures, resembling the complex hierarchical organization seen in living tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Cianciosi
- Department for Functional Materials in Medicine and Dentistry, Institute of Functional Materials and Biofabrication, University of Würzburg, Pleicherwall 2, Würzburg 97070, Germany
| | - Jonas Simon
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry of Renewable Resources, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences (BOKU), Konrad-Lorenz-Str. 24, A-3430 Tulln, Austria
| | - Michael Bartolf-Kopp
- Department for Functional Materials in Medicine and Dentistry, Institute of Functional Materials and Biofabrication, University of Würzburg, Pleicherwall 2, Würzburg 97070, Germany
| | - Heinrich Grausgruber
- Department of Crop Sciences, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences (BOKU), Konrad-Lorenz-Str. 24, A-3430 Tulln, Austria
| | - Tim R Dargaville
- ARC Centre for Cell & Tissue Engineering Technologies, Max Planck Queensland Centre for the Materials Science of Extracellular Matrices, QUT Centre for Materials Science, School of Chemistry and Physics, Faculty of Science, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, Australia
| | - Aurélien Forget
- Institute for Macromolecular Chemistry, University of Freiburg, Freiburg 79104, Germany
| | - Jürgen Groll
- Department for Functional Materials in Medicine and Dentistry, Institute of Functional Materials and Biofabrication, University of Würzburg, Pleicherwall 2, Würzburg 97070, Germany
| | - Tomasz Jungst
- Department for Functional Materials in Medicine and Dentistry, Institute of Functional Materials and Biofabrication, University of Würzburg, Pleicherwall 2, Würzburg 97070, Germany.
| | - Marco Beaumont
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry of Renewable Resources, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences (BOKU), Konrad-Lorenz-Str. 24, A-3430 Tulln, Austria.
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Ferreira FV, Souza AG, Ajdary R, de Souza LP, Lopes JH, Correa DS, Siqueira G, Barud HS, Rosa DDS, Mattoso LH, Rojas OJ. Nanocellulose-based porous materials: Regulation and pathway to commercialization in regenerative medicine. Bioact Mater 2023; 29:151-176. [PMID: 37502678 PMCID: PMC10368849 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2023.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
We review the recent progress that have led to the development of porous materials based on cellulose nanostructures found in plants and other resources. In light of the properties that emerge from the chemistry, shape and structural control, we discuss some of the most promising uses of a plant-based material, nanocellulose, in regenerative medicine. Following a brief discussion about the fundamental aspects of self-assembly of nanocellulose precursors, we review the key strategies needed for material synthesis and to adjust the architecture of the materials (using three-dimensional printing, freeze-casted porous materials, and electrospinning) according to their uses in tissue engineering, artificial organs, controlled drug delivery and wound healing systems, among others. For this purpose, we map the structure-property-function relationships of nanocellulose-based porous materials and examine the course of actions that are required to translate innovation from the laboratory to industry. Such efforts require attention to regulatory aspects and market pull. Finally, the key challenges and opportunities in this nascent field are critically reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filipe V. Ferreira
- Nanotechnology National Laboratory for Agriculture (LNNA), Embrapa Instrumentation – Rua XV de Novembro, 1452, São Carlos, SP, 13560-979, Brazil
| | - Alana G. Souza
- Center for Engineering, Modeling, and Applied Social Sciences (CECS), Federal University of ABC (UFABC), Santo André, Brazil
| | - Rubina Ajdary
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, P. O. Box 16300, Aalto, Espoo, FIN-00076, Finland
| | - Lucas P. de Souza
- College of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Aston Institute of Materials Research, Aston University, Birmingham, UK
| | - João H. Lopes
- Department of Chemistry, Division of Fundamental Sciences (IEF), Technological Institute of Aeronautics (ITA), São Jose dos Campos, SP, Brazil
| | - Daniel S. Correa
- Nanotechnology National Laboratory for Agriculture (LNNA), Embrapa Instrumentation – Rua XV de Novembro, 1452, São Carlos, SP, 13560-979, Brazil
| | - Gilberto Siqueira
- Laboratory for Cellulose & Wood Materials, Empa - Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Überlandstrasse 129, 8600, Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Hernane S. Barud
- Biopolymers and Biomaterials Laboratory (BIOPOLMAT), University of Araraquara (UNIARA), Araraquara, 14801-340, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Derval dos S. Rosa
- Center for Engineering, Modeling, and Applied Social Sciences (CECS), Federal University of ABC (UFABC), Santo André, Brazil
| | - Luiz H.C. Mattoso
- Nanotechnology National Laboratory for Agriculture (LNNA), Embrapa Instrumentation – Rua XV de Novembro, 1452, São Carlos, SP, 13560-979, Brazil
| | - Orlando J. Rojas
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, P. O. Box 16300, Aalto, Espoo, FIN-00076, Finland
- Bioproducts Institute, Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, Department of Chemistry and, Department of Wood Science, The University of British Columbia, 2360 East Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
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Fahma F, Firmanda A, Cabral J, Pletzer D, Fisher J, Mahadik B, Arnata IW, Sartika D, Wulandari A. Three-Dimensional Printed Cellulose for Wound Dressing Applications. 3D PRINTING AND ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING 2023; 10:1015-1035. [PMID: 37886399 PMCID: PMC10599445 DOI: 10.1089/3dp.2021.0327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Wounds are skin tissue damage due to trauma. Many factors inhibit the wound healing phase (hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and alteration), such as oxygenation, contamination/infection, age, effects of injury, sex hormones, stress, diabetes, obesity, drugs, alcoholism, smoking, nutrition, hemostasis, debridement, and closing time. Cellulose is the most abundant biopolymer in nature which is promising as the main matrix of wound dressings because of its good structure and mechanical stability, moisturizes the area around the wound, absorbs excess exudate, can form elastic gels with the characteristics of bio-responsiveness, biocompatibility, low toxicity, biodegradability, and structural similarity with the extracellular matrix (ECM). The addition of active ingredients as a model drug helps accelerate wound healing through antimicrobial and antioxidant mechanisms. Three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting technology can print cellulose as a bioink to produce wound dressings with complex structures mimicking ECM. The 3D printed cellulose-based wound dressings are a promising application in modern wound care. This article reviews the use of 3D printed cellulose as an ideal wound dressing and their properties, including mechanical properties, permeability aspect, absorption ability, ability to retain and provide moisture, biodegradation, antimicrobial property, and biocompatibility. The applications of 3D printed cellulose in the management of chronic wounds, burns, and painful wounds are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farah Fahma
- Department of Agroindustrial Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, IPB University (Bogor Agricultural University), Bogor, Indonesia
| | - Afrinal Firmanda
- Department of Agroindustrial Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, IPB University (Bogor Agricultural University), Bogor, Indonesia
| | - Jaydee Cabral
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Daniel Pletzer
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - John Fisher
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA
| | - Bhushan Mahadik
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA
| | - I Wayan Arnata
- Department of Agroindustrial Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Udayana University, Badung, Indonesia
| | - Dewi Sartika
- Faculty of Agriculture, Muhammadiyah University of Makassar, Makassar, Indonesia
| | - Anting Wulandari
- Department of Agroindustrial Technology, Faculty of Agroindustrial Technology, Padjadjaran University, Bandung, Indonesia
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13
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Sharma Y, Shankar V. Technologies for the fabrication of crosslinked polysaccharide-based hydrogels and its role in microbial three-dimensional bioprinting - A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 250:126194. [PMID: 37562476 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
Three-Dimensional bioprinting has recently gained more attraction among researchers for its wide variety of applicability. This technology involving in developing structures that mimic the natural anatomy, and also aims in developing novel biomaterials, bioinks which have a better printable ability. Different hydrogels (cross-linked polysaccharides) can be used and optimized for good adhesion and cell proliferation. Manufacturing hydrogels with adjustable characteristics allows for fine-tuning of the cellular microenvironment. Different printing technologies can be used to create hydrogels on a micro-scale which will allow regular, patterned integration of cells into hydrogels. Controlling tissue constructions' structural architecture is the important key to ensuring its function as it is designed. The designed tiny hydrogels will be useful in investigating the cellular behaviour within the environments. Three-Dimensional designs can be constructed by modifying their shape and behaviour analogous concerning pressure, heat, electricity, ultraviolet radiation or other environmental elements. Yet, its application in in vitro infection models needs more research and practical study. Microbial bioprinting has become an advancing field with promising potential to develop various biomedical as well as environmental applications. This review elucidates the properties and usage of different hydrogels for Three-Dimensional bioprinting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yamini Sharma
- School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore - 14, India
| | - Vijayalakshmi Shankar
- CO(2) Research and Green Technologies Centre, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore - 14, India.
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14
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Yadav C, Lee JM, Mohanty P, Li X, Jang WD. Graft onto approaches for nanocellulose-based advanced functional materials. NANOSCALE 2023; 15:15108-15145. [PMID: 37712254 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr03087c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
The resurgence of cellulose as nano-dimensional 'nanocellulose' has unlocked a sustainable bioeconomy for the development of advanced functional biomaterials. Bestowed with multifunctional attributes, such as renewability and abundance of its source, biodegradability, biocompatibility, superior mechanical, optical, and rheological properties, tunable self-assembly and surface chemistry, nanocellulose presents exclusive opportunities for a wide range of novel applications. However, to alleviate its intrinsic hydrophilicity-related constraints surface functionalization is inevitably needed to foster various targeted applications. The abundant surface hydroxyl groups on nanocellulose offer opportunities for grafting small molecules or macromolecular entities using either a 'graft onto' or 'graft from' approach, resulting in materials with distinctive functionalities. Most of the reviews published to date extensively discussed 'graft from' modification approaches, however 'graft onto' approaches are not well discussed. Hence, this review aims to provide a comprehensive summary of 'graft onto' approaches. Furthermore, insight into some of the recently emerging applications of this grafted nanocellulose including advanced nanocomposite formulation, stimuli-responsive materials, bioimaging, sensing, biomedicine, packaging, and wastewater treatment has also been reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandravati Yadav
- Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, 03722 Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jeong-Min Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, 03722 Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Paritosh Mohanty
- Functional Materials Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, IIT Roorkee, Roorkee 247667, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Xinping Li
- College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710021, PR China
| | - Woo-Dong Jang
- Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, 03722 Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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15
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Dai Y, Qiao K, Li D, Isingizwe P, Liu H, Liu Y, Lim K, Woodfield T, Liu G, Hu J, Yuan J, Tang J, Cui X. Plant-Derived Biomaterials and Their Potential in Cardiac Tissue Repair. Adv Healthc Mater 2023; 12:e2202827. [PMID: 36977522 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202202827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 02/19/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease remains the leading cause of mortality worldwide. The inability of cardiac tissue to regenerate after an infarction results in scar tissue formation, leading to cardiac dysfunction. Therefore, cardiac repair has always been a popular research topic. Recent advances in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine offer promising solutions combining stem cells and biomaterials to construct tissue substitutes that could have functions similar to healthy cardiac tissue. Among these biomaterials, plant-derived biomaterials show great promise in supporting cell growth due to their inherent biocompatibility, biodegradability, and mechanical stability. More importantly, plant-derived materials have reduced immunogenic properties compared to popular animal-derived materials (e.g., collagen and gelatin). In addition, they also offer improved wettability compared to synthetic materials. To date, limited literature is available to systemically summarize the progression of plant-derived biomaterials in cardiac tissue repair. Herein, this paper highlights the most common plant-derived biomaterials from both land and marine plants. The beneficial properties of these materials for tissue repair are further discussed. More importantly, the applications of plant-derived biomaterials in cardiac tissue engineering, including tissue-engineered scaffolds, bioink in 3D biofabrication, delivery vehicles, and bioactive molecules, are also summarized using the latest preclinical and clinical examples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yichen Dai
- Cardiac and Osteochondral Tissue Engineering (COTE) Group, School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 51817, China
| | - Kai Qiao
- Cardiac and Osteochondral Tissue Engineering (COTE) Group, School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 51817, China
| | - Demin Li
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China
| | - Phocas Isingizwe
- Cardiac and Osteochondral Tissue Engineering (COTE) Group, School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 51817, China
| | - Haohao Liu
- Cardiac and Osteochondral Tissue Engineering (COTE) Group, School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 51817, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Cardiac and Osteochondral Tissue Engineering (COTE) Group, School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 51817, China
| | - Khoon Lim
- Christchurch Regenerative Medicine and Tissue Engineering (CReaTE) Group, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Otago, Christchurch, 8011, New Zealand
- School of Medical Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Tim Woodfield
- Christchurch Regenerative Medicine and Tissue Engineering (CReaTE) Group, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Otago, Christchurch, 8011, New Zealand
| | - Guozhen Liu
- Cardiac and Osteochondral Tissue Engineering (COTE) Group, School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 51817, China
| | - Jinming Hu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230052, China
| | - Jie Yuan
- Department of Cardiology, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518001, China
| | - Junnan Tang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China
| | - Xiaolin Cui
- Cardiac and Osteochondral Tissue Engineering (COTE) Group, School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 51817, China
- Christchurch Regenerative Medicine and Tissue Engineering (CReaTE) Group, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Otago, Christchurch, 8011, New Zealand
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Wu CA, Zhu Y, Woo YJ. Advances in 3D Bioprinting: Techniques, Applications, and Future Directions for Cardiac Tissue Engineering. Bioengineering (Basel) 2023; 10:842. [PMID: 37508869 PMCID: PMC10376421 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10070842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the United States. Cardiac tissue engineering is a direction in regenerative medicine that aims to repair various heart defects with the long-term goal of artificially rebuilding a full-scale organ that matches its native structure and function. Three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting offers promising applications through its layer-by-layer biomaterial deposition using different techniques and bio-inks. In this review, we will introduce cardiac tissue engineering, 3D bioprinting processes, bioprinting techniques, bio-ink materials, areas of limitation, and the latest applications of this technology, alongside its future directions for further innovation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine A Wu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Yuanjia Zhu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Y Joseph Woo
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
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17
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Li Y, Ren X, Zhu L, Li C. Biomass 3D Printing: Principles, Materials, Post-Processing and Applications. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:2692. [PMID: 37376338 DOI: 10.3390/polym15122692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Under the background of green and low-carbon era, efficiently utilization of renewable biomass materials is one of the important choices to promote ecologically sustainable development. Accordingly, 3D printing is an advanced manufacturing technology with low energy consumption, high efficiency, and easy customization. Biomass 3D printing technology has attracted more and more attentions recently in materials area. This paper mainly reviewed six common 3D printing technologies for biomass additive manufacturing, including Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF), Direct Ink Writing (DIW), Stereo Lithography Appearance (SLA), Selective Laser Sintering (SLS), Laminated Object Manufacturing (LOM) and Liquid Deposition Molding (LDM). A systematic summary and detailed discussion were conducted on the printing principles, common materials, technical progress, post-processing and related applications of typical biomass 3D printing technologies. Expanding the availability of biomass resources, enriching the printing technology and promoting its application was proposed to be the main developing directions of biomass 3D printing in the future. It is believed that the combination of abundant biomass feedstocks and advanced 3D printing technology will provide a green, low-carbon and efficient way for the sustainable development of materials manufacturing industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongxia Li
- National Forestry and Grassland Engineering Technology Center for Wood Resources Recycling, College of Materials Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Xueyong Ren
- National Forestry and Grassland Engineering Technology Center for Wood Resources Recycling, College of Materials Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Lin Zhu
- National Forestry and Grassland Engineering Technology Center for Wood Resources Recycling, College of Materials Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Chunmiao Li
- National Forestry and Grassland Engineering Technology Center for Wood Resources Recycling, College of Materials Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
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18
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Hou YC, Cui X, Qin Z, Su C, Zhang G, Tang JN, Li JA, Zhang JY. Three-dimensional bioprinting of artificial blood vessel: Process, bioinks, and challenges. Int J Bioprint 2023; 9:740. [PMID: 37323481 PMCID: PMC10261152 DOI: 10.18063/ijb.740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 10/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The coronary artery bypass grafting is a main treatment for restoring the blood supply to the ischemic site by bypassing the narrow part, thereby improving the heart function of the patients. Autologous blood vessels are preferred in coronary artery bypass grafting, but their availability is often limited by due to the underlying disease. Thus, tissue-engineered vascular grafts that are devoid of thrombosis and have mechanical properties comparable to those of natural vessels are urgently required for clinical applications. Most of the commercially available artificial implants are made from polymers, which are prone to thrombosis and restenosis. The biomimetic artificial blood vessel containing vascular tissue cells is the most ideal implant material. Due to its precision control ability, three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting is a promising method to prepare biomimetic system. In the 3D bioprinting process, the bioink is at the core state for building the topological structure and keeping the cell viable. Therefore, in this review, the basic properties and viable materials of the bioink are discussed, and the research of natural polymers in bioink, including decellularized extracellular matrix, hyaluronic acid, and collagen, is emphasized. Besides, the advantages of alginate and Pluronic F127, which are the mainstream sacrificial material during the preparation of artificial vascular graft, are also reviewed. Finally, an overview of the applications in the field of artificial blood vessel is also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Chen Hou
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Henan Province Key Laboratory of Cardiac Injury and Repair, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Henan Province Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xiaolin Cui
- School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhen Qin
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Henan Province Key Laboratory of Cardiac Injury and Repair, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Henan Province Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Chang Su
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Henan Province Key Laboratory of Cardiac Injury and Repair, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Henan Province Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Ge Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Henan Province Key Laboratory of Cardiac Injury and Repair, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Henan Province Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Jun-Nan Tang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Henan Province Key Laboratory of Cardiac Injury and Repair, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Henan Province Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Jing-An Li
- School of Material Science and Engineering and Henan Key Laboratory of Advanced Magnesium Alloy and Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Mold Technology (Ministry of Education), Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Road, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jin-Ying Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Henan Province Key Laboratory of Cardiac Injury and Repair, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Henan Province Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
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Raees S, Ullah F, Javed F, Akil HM, Jadoon Khan M, Safdar M, Din IU, Alotaibi MA, Alharthi AI, Bakht MA, Ahmad A, Nassar AA. Classification, processing, and applications of bioink and 3D bioprinting: A detailed review. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 232:123476. [PMID: 36731696 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.123476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
With the advancement in 3D bioprinting technology, cell culture methods can design 3D environments which are both, complex and physiologically relevant. The main component in 3D bioprinting, bioink, can be split into various categories depending on the criterion of categorization. Although the choice of bioink and bioprinting process will vary greatly depending on the application, general features such as material properties, biological interaction, gelation, and viscosity are always important to consider. The foundation of 3D bioprinting is the exact layer-by-layer implantation of biological elements, biochemicals, and living cells with the spatial control of the implantation of functional elements onto the biofabricated 3D structure. Three basic strategies underlie the 3D bioprinting process: autonomous self-assembly, micro tissue building blocks, and biomimicry or biomimetics. Tissue engineering can benefit from 3D bioprinting in many ways, but there are still numerous obstacles to overcome before functional tissues can be produced and used in clinical settings. A better comprehension of the physiological characteristics of bioink materials and a higher level of ability to reproduce the intricate biologically mimicked and physiologically relevant 3D structures would be a significant improvement for 3D bioprinting to overcome the limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sania Raees
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Park Road, 45520 Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Faheem Ullah
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Medical Sciences, NUMS, Rawalpindi 46000, Pakistan; School of Materials and Mineral Resources Engineering, Engineering Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Seri Ampangan, 14300 Nibong Tebal, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| | - Fatima Javed
- Department of Chemistry, Shaheed Benazir Bhutto Women University, Peshawar 25000, KPK, Pakistan
| | - Hazizan Md Akil
- School of Materials and Mineral Resources Engineering, Engineering Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Seri Ampangan, 14300 Nibong Tebal, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| | - Muhammad Jadoon Khan
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Park Road, 45520 Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Safdar
- Department of Pharmacy, Gomal University D. I Khan, KPK, Pakistan
| | - Israf Ud Din
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science and Humanities, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, 16278 Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Mshari A Alotaibi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science and Humanities, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, 16278 Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulrahman I Alharthi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science and Humanities, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, 16278 Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - M Afroz Bakht
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science and Humanities, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, 16278 Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Akil Ahmad
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science and Humanities, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, 16278 Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amal A Nassar
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science and Humanities, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, 16278 Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
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Loukelis K, Helal ZA, Mikos AG, Chatzinikolaidou M. Nanocomposite Bioprinting for Tissue Engineering Applications. Gels 2023; 9:103. [PMID: 36826273 PMCID: PMC9956920 DOI: 10.3390/gels9020103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Bioprinting aims to provide new avenues for regenerating damaged human tissues through the controlled printing of live cells and biocompatible materials that can function therapeutically. Polymeric hydrogels are commonly investigated ink materials for 3D and 4D bioprinting applications, as they can contain intrinsic properties relative to those of the native tissue extracellular matrix and can be printed to produce scaffolds of hierarchical organization. The incorporation of nanoscale material additives, such as nanoparticles, to the bulk of inks, has allowed for significant tunability of the mechanical, biological, structural, and physicochemical material properties during and after printing. The modulatory and biological effects of nanoparticles as bioink additives can derive from their shape, size, surface chemistry, concentration, and/or material source, making many configurations of nanoparticle additives of high interest to be thoroughly investigated for the improved design of bioactive tissue engineering constructs. This paper aims to review the incorporation of nanoparticles, as well as other nanoscale additive materials, to printable bioinks for tissue engineering applications, specifically bone, cartilage, dental, and cardiovascular tissues. An overview of the various bioinks and their classifications will be discussed with emphasis on cellular and mechanical material interactions, as well the various bioink formulation methodologies for 3D and 4D bioprinting techniques. The current advances and limitations within the field will be highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantinos Loukelis
- Department of Materials Science and Technology, University of Crete, 70013 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Zina A. Helal
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Antonios G. Mikos
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Maria Chatzinikolaidou
- Department of Materials Science and Technology, University of Crete, 70013 Heraklion, Greece
- Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser (IESL), Foundation for Research and Technology Hellas (FO.R.T.H), 70013 Heraklion, Greece
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21
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Nurchi C, Buonvino S, Arciero I, Melino S. Sustainable Vegetable Oil-Based Biomaterials: Synthesis and Biomedical Applications. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032153. [PMID: 36768485 PMCID: PMC9916503 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
One of the main criteria for ecological sustainability is that the materials produced for common use are green. This can include the use of biomaterials and materials that are environmentally friendly, biodegradable and produced at low cost. The exploration of natural resources as sustainable precursors leads to the production of biopolymers that are useful for 3D printing technology. Recently, waste vegetable oils have been found to be a good alternative source for the production of biopolymers in various applications from the engineering to the biomedicine. In this review, the processes for the synthesis of vegetable oil-based biomaterials are described in detail. Moreover, the functionalization strategies to improve the mechanical properties of these materials and the cell-material interaction for their potential use as micro-structured scaffolds in regenerative medicine are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Sonia Melino
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-06-7259-4449; Fax: +39-06-7259-4328
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22
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Rosendahl J, Zarna C, Håkansson J, Chinga-Carrasco G. Gene-Expression Analysis of Human Fibroblasts Affected by 3D-Printed Carboxylated Nanocellulose Constructs. BIOENGINEERING (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 10:bioengineering10010121. [PMID: 36671693 PMCID: PMC9854960 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10010121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) printing has emerged as a highly valuable tool to manufacture porous constructs. This has major advantages in, for example, tissue engineering, in which 3D scaffolds provide a microenvironment with adequate porosity for cell growth and migration as a simulation of tissue regeneration. In this study, we assessed the suitability of three cellulose nanofibrils (CNF) that were obtained through 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpyperidine-1-oxyl (TEMPO)-mediated oxidation. The CNFs were obtained by applying three levels of carboxylation, i.e., 2.5, 3.8, and 6.0 mmol sodium hypochlorite (NaClO) per gram of cellulose. The CNFs exhibited different nanofibrillation levels, affecting the corresponding viscosity and 3D printability of the CNF gels (0.6 wt%). The scaffolds were manufactured by micro-extrusion and the nanomechanical properties were assessed with nanoindentation. Importantly, fibroblasts were grown on the scaffolds and the expression levels of the marker genes, which are relevant for wound healing and proliferation, were assessed in order to reveal the effect of the 3D-scaffold microenvironment of the cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Rosendahl
- Unit of Biological Function, Division Materials and Production, RISE Research Institutes of Sweden, P.O. Box 857, SE-50115 Borås, Sweden
| | - Chiara Zarna
- RISE PFI, Høgskoleringen 6b, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Joakim Håkansson
- Unit of Biological Function, Division Materials and Production, RISE Research Institutes of Sweden, P.O. Box 857, SE-50115 Borås, Sweden
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Gothenburg University, P.O. Box 440, SE-40530 Gothenburg, Sweden
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Groetsch A, Stelzl S, Nagel Y, Kochetkova T, Scherrer NC, Ovsianikov A, Michler J, Pethö L, Siqueira G, Nyström G, Schwiedrzik J. Microscale 3D Printing and Tuning of Cellulose Nanocrystals Reinforced Polymer Nanocomposites. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2202470. [PMID: 36449596 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202202470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The increasing demand for functional materials and an efficient use of sustainable resources makes the search for new material systems an ever growing endeavor. With this respect, architected (meta-)materials attract considerable interest. Their fabrication at the micro- and nanoscale, however, remains a challenge, especially for composites with highly different phases and unmodified reinforcement fillers. This study demonstrates that it is possible to create a non-cytotoxic nanocomposite ink reinforced by a sustainable phase, cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs), to print and tune complex 3D architectures using two-photon polymerization, thus, advancing the state of knowledge toward the microscale. Micro-compression, high-res scanning electron microscopy, (polarised) Raman spectroscopy, and composite modeling are used to study the structure-property relationships. A 100% stiffness increase is observed already at 4.5 wt% CNC while reaching a high photo-polymerization degree of ≈80% for both neat polymers and CNC-composites. Polarized Raman and the Halpin-Tsai composite-model suggest a random CNC orientation within the polymer matrix. The microscale approach can be used to tune arbitrary small scale CNC-reinforced polymer-composites with comparable feature sizes. The new insights pave the way for future applications where the 3D printing of small structures is essential to improve performances of tissue-scaffolds, extend bio-electronics applications or tailor microscale energy-absorption devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Groetsch
- Laboratory for Mechanics of Materials and Nanostructures Department of Advanced Materials and Surfaces, Empa - Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Feuerwerkerstrasse 39, Thun, 3602, Switzerland
| | - Samuel Stelzl
- Research Group 3D Printing and Biofabrication Institute of Materials Science and Technology, TU Wien, Getreidemarkt 9, Vienna, 1060, Austria
| | - Yannick Nagel
- Laboratory for Cellulose & Wood Materials, Empa - Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Ueberlandstrasse 129, Dübendorf, 8600, Switzerland
| | - Tatiana Kochetkova
- Laboratory for Mechanics of Materials and Nanostructures Department of Advanced Materials and Surfaces, Empa - Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Feuerwerkerstrasse 39, Thun, 3602, Switzerland
| | - Nadim C Scherrer
- Bern University of Applied Sciences, HKB, Bern, 3027, Switzerland
| | - Aleksandr Ovsianikov
- Research Group 3D Printing and Biofabrication Institute of Materials Science and Technology, TU Wien, Getreidemarkt 9, Vienna, 1060, Austria
| | - Johann Michler
- Laboratory for Mechanics of Materials and Nanostructures Department of Advanced Materials and Surfaces, Empa - Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Feuerwerkerstrasse 39, Thun, 3602, Switzerland
| | - Laszlo Pethö
- Laboratory for Mechanics of Materials and Nanostructures Department of Advanced Materials and Surfaces, Empa - Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Feuerwerkerstrasse 39, Thun, 3602, Switzerland
| | - Gilberto Siqueira
- Laboratory for Cellulose & Wood Materials, Empa - Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Ueberlandstrasse 129, Dübendorf, 8600, Switzerland
| | - Gustav Nyström
- Laboratory for Cellulose & Wood Materials, Empa - Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Ueberlandstrasse 129, Dübendorf, 8600, Switzerland
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zurich, Universitätstrasse 2, Zurich, 8092, Switzerland
| | - Jakob Schwiedrzik
- Laboratory for Mechanics of Materials and Nanostructures Department of Advanced Materials and Surfaces, Empa - Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Feuerwerkerstrasse 39, Thun, 3602, Switzerland
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Siripongpreda T, Hoven VP, Narupai B, Rodthongku N. Emerging 3D printing based on polymers and nanomaterial additives: Enhancement of properties and potential applications. Eur Polym J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2022.111806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Fatema N, Ceballos RM, Fan C. Modifications of cellulose-based biomaterials for biomedical applications. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:993711. [PMID: 36406218 PMCID: PMC9669591 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.993711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellulose is one of the most abundant organic compounds in nature and is available from diverse sources. Cellulose features tunable properties, making it a promising substrate for biomaterial development. In this review, we highlight advances in the physical processes and chemical modifications of cellulose that enhance its properties for use as a biomaterial. Three cellulosic products are discussed, including nanofibrillated, nanocrystalline, and bacterial cellulose, with a focus on how each may serve as a platform for the development of advanced cellulose-based biomaterials for Biomedical applications. In addition to associating mechanical and chemical properties of cellulosic materials to specific applications, a prospectus is offered for the future development of cellulose-based biomaterials for biomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nour Fatema
- Cell and Molecular Biology Program, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, United States
| | - Ruben Michael Ceballos
- Cell and Molecular Biology Program, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, United States
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, United States
| | - Chenguang Fan
- Cell and Molecular Biology Program, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, United States
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, United States
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26
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Polysaccharides-based nanofibrils: From tissue engineering to biosensor applications. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 291:119670. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.119670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Mirek A, Belaid H, Barranger F, Grzeczkowicz M, Bouden Y, Cavaillès V, Lewińska D, Bechelany M. Development of a new 3D bioprinted antibiotic delivery system based on a cross-linked gelatin-alginate hydrogel. J Mater Chem B 2022; 10:8862-8874. [PMID: 35980231 DOI: 10.1039/d2tb01268e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
3D bioprinting uses bioink deposited directly on a collector to create any previously designed 3D model. One of the most common and the easiest to operate bioinks is gelatin-alginate hydrogel. The present study aimed to combine 3D bioprinting with different cross-linking techniques to develop a new stable and biodegradable gelatin-alginate hydrogel matrix for drug delivery applications. The matrix-building biopolymers were crosslinked by ionotropic gelation with Ca2+ ions, chemical crosslinking with GTA or a combination of the two crosslinkers at various concentrations. The influence of the crosslinking method on the hydrogel properties, stability and structure was examined using scanning electron and optical microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetric analysis. Analyses included tests of hydrogel equilibrium swelling ratio and release of marker substance. Subsequently, biological properties of the matrices loaded with the antibiotic chlorhexidine were studied, including cytotoxicity on HaCAT cells and antibacterial activity on Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli bacteria. The conducted study confirmed that the 3D bioprinted cross-linked drug-loaded alginate-gelatin hydrogel is a good and satisfying material for potential use as a drug delivery system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Mirek
- Nalecz Institute of Biocybernetics and Biomedical Engineering, Polish Academy of Sciences, 4 Ks. Trojdena St., 02-109 Warsaw, Poland.,Institut Européen des Membranes, IEM, UMR 5635, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM Place Eugène Bataillon, 34095 Montpellier cedex 5, France.
| | - Habib Belaid
- Institut Européen des Membranes, IEM, UMR 5635, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM Place Eugène Bataillon, 34095 Montpellier cedex 5, France.
| | - Fanny Barranger
- Institut Européen des Membranes, IEM, UMR 5635, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM Place Eugène Bataillon, 34095 Montpellier cedex 5, France.
| | - Marcin Grzeczkowicz
- Nalecz Institute of Biocybernetics and Biomedical Engineering, Polish Academy of Sciences, 4 Ks. Trojdena St., 02-109 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Yasmine Bouden
- IRCM, Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, INSERM U1194, Université Montpellier, Montpellier F-34298, France
| | - Vincent Cavaillès
- IRCM, Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, INSERM U1194, Université Montpellier, Montpellier F-34298, France
| | - Dorota Lewińska
- Nalecz Institute of Biocybernetics and Biomedical Engineering, Polish Academy of Sciences, 4 Ks. Trojdena St., 02-109 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Mikhael Bechelany
- Institut Européen des Membranes, IEM, UMR 5635, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM Place Eugène Bataillon, 34095 Montpellier cedex 5, France.
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Juan LT, Lin SH, Wong CW, Jeng US, Huang CF, Hsu SH. Functionalized Cellulose Nanofibers as Crosslinkers to Produce Chitosan Self-Healing Hydrogel and Shape Memory Cryogel. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:36353-36365. [PMID: 35930741 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c07170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Cellulose nanofibers functionalized with multiple aldehyde group were synthesized as the crosslinker to produce composite self-healing hydrogel and shape memory cryogel from chitosan. The hydrogel possessed effective self-healing (∼100% efficiency) and shear-thinning properties. The cryogel had macroporous structure, large water absorption (>4300%), and high compressibility. Both hydrogel and cryogel were injectable. In particular, the cryogel (nanocellulose/chitosan 1:6) revealed thermally induced shape memory, the mechanism of which was elucidated by in situ small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) and wide-angle X-ray scattering (WAXS) as changes in orientation of the induced crystalline structure during the shape memory program. The shape memory cryogel with a large size (15 mm × 10 mm × 1.1 mm) injected through a 16 G syringe needle was recoverable in 37 °C water. Moreover, the cryogel was cytocompatible and promoted cell growth. The nanocellulose-chitosan composite hydrogel and cryogel are injectable and degradable biomaterials with adjustable mechanical properties for potential medical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Ting Juan
- Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Shih-Ho Lin
- Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chui-Wei Wong
- Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan, ROC
| | - U-Ser Jeng
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu 30076, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chih-Feng Huang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, i-Center for Advanced Science and Technology (iCAST), National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Shan-Hui Hsu
- Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan, ROC
- Institute of Cellular and System Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli 35053, Taiwan, ROC
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Plant Polysaccharides in Engineered Pharmaceutical Gels. Bioengineering (Basel) 2022; 9:bioengineering9080376. [PMID: 36004901 PMCID: PMC9405058 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering9080376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydrogels are a great ally in the pharmaceutical and biomedical areas. They have a three-dimensional polymeric structure that allows the swelling of aqueous fluids, acting as an absorbent, or encapsulating bioactive agents for controlled drug release. Interestingly, plants are a source of biogels, specifically polysaccharides, composed of sugar monomers. The crosslinking of these polymeric chains forms an architecture similar to the extracellular matrix, enhancing the biocompatibility of such materials. Moreover, the rich hydroxyl monomers promote a hydrophilic behavior for these plant-derived polysaccharide gels, enabling their biodegradability and antimicrobial effects. From an economic point of view, such biogels help the circular economy, as a green material can be obtained with a low cost of production. As regards the bio aspect, it is astonishingly attractive since the raw materials (polysaccharides from plants-cellulose, hemicelluloses, lignin, inulin, pectin, starch, guar, and cashew gums, etc.) might be produced sustainably. Such properties make viable the applications of these biogels in contact with the human body, especially incorporating drugs for controlled release. In this context, this review describes some sources of plant-derived polysaccharide gels, their biological function, main methods for extraction, remarkable applications, and properties in the health field.
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Zamboulis A, Michailidou G, Koumentakou I, Bikiaris DN. Polysaccharide 3D Printing for Drug Delivery Applications. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:145. [PMID: 35057041 PMCID: PMC8778081 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14010145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Revised: 12/19/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
3D printing, or additive manufacturing, has gained considerable interest due to its versatility regarding design as well as in the large choice of materials. It is a powerful tool in the field of personalized pharmaceutical treatment, particularly crucial for pediatric and geriatric patients. Polysaccharides are abundant and inexpensive natural polymers, that are already widely used in the food industry and as excipients in pharmaceutical and cosmetic formulations. Due to their intrinsic properties, such as biocompatibility, biodegradability, non-immunogenicity, etc., polysaccharides are largely investigated as matrices for drug delivery. Although an increasing number of interesting reviews on additive manufacturing and drug delivery are being published, there is a gap concerning the printing of polysaccharides. In this article, we will review recent advances in the 3D printing of polysaccharides focused on drug delivery applications. Among the large family of polysaccharides, the present review will particularly focus on cellulose and cellulose derivatives, chitosan and sodium alginate, printed by fused deposition modeling and extrusion-based printing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Zamboulis
- Laboratory of Chemistry and Technology of Polymers and Dyes, Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (G.M.); (I.K.)
| | | | | | - Dimitrios N. Bikiaris
- Laboratory of Chemistry and Technology of Polymers and Dyes, Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (G.M.); (I.K.)
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de Oliveira RS, Fantaus SS, Guillot AJ, Melero A, Beck RCR. 3D-Printed Products for Topical Skin Applications: From Personalized Dressings to Drug Delivery. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:1946. [PMID: 34834360 PMCID: PMC8625283 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13111946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 11/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
3D printing has been widely used for the personalization of therapies and on-demand production of complex pharmaceutical forms. Recently, 3D printing has been explored as a tool for the development of topical dosage forms and wound dressings. Thus, this review aims to present advances related to the use of 3D printing for the development of pharmaceutical and biomedical products for topical skin applications, covering plain dressing and products for the delivery of active ingredients to the skin. Based on the data acquired, the important growth in the number of publications over the last years confirms its interest. The semisolid extrusion technique has been the most reported one, probably because it allows the use of a broad range of polymers, creating the most diverse therapeutic approaches. 3D printing has been an excellent field for customizing dressings, according to individual needs. Studies discussed here imply the use of metals, nanoparticles, drugs, natural compounds and proteins and peptides for the treatment of wound healing, acne, pain relief, and anti-wrinkle, among others. The confluence of 3D printing and topical applications has undeniable advantages, and we would like to encourage the research groups to explore this field to improve the patient's life quality, adherence and treatment efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafaela Santos de Oliveira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul. Avenida Ipiranga, 2752, Porto Alegre 90610-000, Brazil;
| | - Stephani Silva Fantaus
- Departamento de Produção e Controle de Medicamentos, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul. Avenida Ipiranga, 2752, Porto Alegre 90610-000, Brazil;
| | - Antonio José Guillot
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology and Parasitology, School of Pharmacy, University of Valencia, Avenida Vicente Andres Estelles SN, 46100 Burjassot, Spain;
| | - Ana Melero
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology and Parasitology, School of Pharmacy, University of Valencia, Avenida Vicente Andres Estelles SN, 46100 Burjassot, Spain;
| | - Ruy Carlos Ruver Beck
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul. Avenida Ipiranga, 2752, Porto Alegre 90610-000, Brazil;
- Departamento de Produção e Controle de Medicamentos, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul. Avenida Ipiranga, 2752, Porto Alegre 90610-000, Brazil;
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Gestranius M, Kontturi KS, Mikkelson A, Virtanen T, Schirp C, Cranston ED, Kontturi E, Tammelin T. Creaming Layers of Nanocellulose Stabilized Water-Based Polystyrene: High-Solids Emulsions for 3D Printing. FRONTIERS IN CHEMICAL ENGINEERING 2021. [DOI: 10.3389/fceng.2021.738643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Oil-in-water emulsions stabilized using cellulose nanofibrils (CNF) form extremely stable and high-volume creaming layers which do not coalesce over extended periods of time. The stability is a result of the synergistic action of Pickering stabilization and the formation of a CNF percolation network in the continuous phase. The use of methyl cellulose (MC) as a co-emulsifier together with CNF further increases the viscosity of the system and is known to affect the droplet size distribution of the formed emulsion. Here, we utilize these highly stable creaming layer systems for in situ polymerization of styrene with the aim to prepare an emulsion-based dope for additive manufacturing. We show that the approach exploiting the creaming layer enables the effortless water removal yielding a paste-like material consisting of polystyrene beads decorated with CNF and MC. Further, we report comprehensive characterization that reveals the properties and the performance of the creaming layer. Solid-state NMR measurements confirmed the successful polymerization taking place inside the nanocellulosic network, and size exclusion chromatography revealed average molecular weight (Mw) of polystyrene as approximately 700,000 Da. Moreover, the amount of the leftover monomer was found to be less than 1% as detected by gas chromatography. The dry solids content of the paste was ∼20% which is a significant increase compared to the solids content of the original CNF dispersion (1.7 wt%). The shrinkage of the CNF, MC and polystyrene structures upon drying—an often-faced challenge—was found to be acceptable for this composite containing highly hygroscopic biobased materials. At best, the two dimensional shrinkage was no more than ca. 20% which is significantly lower than the shrinkage of pure CNF being as high as 50%. The paste, which is a composite of biobased materials and a synthetic polymer, was demonstrated in direct-ink-writing to print small objects. With further optimization of the formulation, we find the emulsion templating approach as a promising route to prepare composite materials.
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Wang Q, Backman O, Nuopponen M, Xu C, Wang X. Rheological and Printability Assessments on Biomaterial Inks of Nanocellulose/Photo-Crosslinkable Biopolymer in Light-Aided 3D Printing. FRONTIERS IN CHEMICAL ENGINEERING 2021. [DOI: 10.3389/fceng.2021.723429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Biomaterial inks based on cellulose nanofibers (CNFs) and photo-crosslinkable biopolymers have great potential as a high-performance ink system in light-aided, hydrogel extrusion-based 3D bioprinting. However, the colloidal stability of surface charged nanofibrils is susceptible to mono-cations in physiological buffers, which complexes the application scenarios of these systems in formulating cell-laden bioinks. In this study, biomaterial inks formulated by neutral and negatively surface charged CNFs (GrowInk-N and GrowInk-T) and photo-crosslinkable biopolymers (gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) and methacrylated galactoglucomannan (GGMMA)) were prepared with Milli-Q water or PBS buffer. Quantitative rheological measurements were performed on the ink formulations to characterize their shear flow recovery behavior and to understand the intermolecular interactions between the CNFs of different kinds with GGMMA or GelMA. Meanwhile, printability assessments, including filament extrudability and shape fidelity of the printed scaffold under varying printing conditions, were carried out to optimize the printing process. Our study provides extensive supporting information for further developing these nanocellulose-based systems into photo-crosslinkable bioinks in the service of cell-laden 3D bioprinting.
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Cidreira ACM, de Castro KC, Hatami T, Linan LZ, Mei LHI. Cellulose nanocrystals-based materials as hemostatic agents for wound dressings: a review. Biomed Microdevices 2021; 23:43. [PMID: 34491430 DOI: 10.1007/s10544-021-00581-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Wound dressings are devices used to stop bleeding and provide appropriate environmental conditions to accelerate wound healing. The effectiveness of wound dressing materials can be crucial to prevent deaths from excessive bleeding in surgeries and promote complete restoration of the injury. Some requirements for an ideal wound dressing are rapid hemostatic effect, high swelling capacity, antibacterial properties, biocompatibility, biodegradability, and mechanical strength. However, finding all these properties in a single material remains a challenge. In this context, nanocomposites have demonstrated an excellent capacity for this application because of their multifunctionality. One of the emerging materials used in nanocomposite manufacture is cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs), which are rod-like crystalline nanometric structures present on cellulose chains. These nanoparticles are attractive for wound healing applications because of their high aspect ratio, high mechanical properties, functionality and low density. Hence, this work aimed to present an overview of nanocomposites constituted by CNCs for wound healing applications. The review focuses on the most common materials used as matrices, the types of dressing, and their fabrication techniques. Novel wound dressings composites have improved hemostatic, swelling, and mechanical properties compared to other pure biopolymers while preserving their other biological properties. Films, nanofibers mats, sponges, and hydrogels have been prepared with CNCs nanocomposites, and in vitro and in vivo tests have proved their suitability for wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Carolyne Mendonça Cidreira
- Department of Material Engineering and Bioprocesses, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), School of Chemical Engineering (FEQ), University City Zeferino Vaz, Campinas, SP, CEP 13083-970, Brazil.
| | - Karine Cappuccio de Castro
- Department of Material Engineering and Bioprocesses, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), School of Chemical Engineering (FEQ), University City Zeferino Vaz, Campinas, SP, CEP 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Tahmasb Hatami
- Department of Material Engineering and Bioprocesses, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), School of Chemical Engineering (FEQ), University City Zeferino Vaz, Campinas, SP, CEP 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Lamia Zuniga Linan
- Laboratory of Materials and Process Engineering (LaMEP), Chemical Engineering Department (DEEQ), Federal University of Maranhão (UFMA), Av. dos Portugueses, 1933, Bacanga, São Luís, MA, CEP 65080-805, Brazil
| | - Lucia Helena Innocentini Mei
- Department of Material Engineering and Bioprocesses, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), School of Chemical Engineering (FEQ), University City Zeferino Vaz, Campinas, SP, CEP 13083-970, Brazil
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Ross IL, Shah S, Hankamer B, Amiralian N. Microalgal nanocellulose - opportunities for a circular bioeconomy. TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 26:924-939. [PMID: 34144878 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2021.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Over 3 billion years, photosynthetic algae have evolved complex uses for cellulose, the most abundant polymer worldwide. A major cell-wall component of lignocellulosic plants, seaweeds, microalgae, and bacteria, cellulose can be processed to nanocellulose, a promising nanomaterial with novel properties. The structural diversity of macro- and microalgal nanocelluloses opens opportunities to couple low-impact biomass production with novel, green-chemistry processing to yield valuable, sustainable nanomaterials for a multitude of applications ranging from novel wound dressings to organic solar cells. We review the origins of algal cellulose and the applications and uses of nanocellulose, and highlight the potential for microalgae as a nanocellulose source. Given the limited state of current knowledge, we identify research challenges and strategies to help to realise this potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian L Ross
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience (IMB), The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia.
| | - Sarah Shah
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience (IMB), The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Ben Hankamer
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience (IMB), The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Nasim Amiralian
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN), The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia.
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Farahani M, Shafiee A. Wound Healing: From Passive to Smart Dressings. Adv Healthc Mater 2021; 10:e2100477. [PMID: 34174163 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202100477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 236] [Impact Index Per Article: 78.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The universal increase in the number of patients with nonhealing skin wounds imposes a huge social and economic burden on the patients and healthcare systems. Although, the application of traditional wound dressings contributes to an effective wound healing outcome, yet, the complexity of the healing process remains a major health challenge. Recent advances in materials and fabrication technologies have led to the fabrication of dressings that provide proper conditions for effective wound healing. The 3D-printed wound dressings, biomolecule-loaded dressings, as well as smart and flexible bandages are among the recent alternatives that have been developed to accelerate wound healing. Additionally, the new generation of wound dressings contains a variety of microelectronic sensors for real-time monitoring of the wound environment and is able to apply required actions to support the healing progress. Moreover, advances in manufacturing flexible microelectronic sensors enable the development of the next generation of wound dressing substrates, known as electronic skin, for real-time monitoring of the whole physiochemical markers in the wound environment in a single platform. The current study reviews the importance of smart wound dressings as an emerging strategy for wound care management and highlights different types of smart dressings for promoting the wound healing process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mojtaba Farahani
- Department of Biomedical Engineering Amirkabir University of Technology Tehran 1591634311 Iran
| | - Abbas Shafiee
- UQ Diamantina Institute Translational Research Institute The University of Queensland Brisbane QLD 4102 Australia
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Alizadehgiashi M, Nemr CR, Chekini M, Pinto Ramos D, Mittal N, Ahmed SU, Khuu N, Kelley SO, Kumacheva E. Multifunctional 3D-Printed Wound Dressings. ACS NANO 2021; 15:12375-12387. [PMID: 34133121 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c04499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Personalized wound dressings provide enhanced healing for different wound types; however multicomponent wound dressings with discretely controllable delivery of different biologically active agents are yet to be developed. Here we report 3D-printed multicomponent biocomposite hydrogel wound dressings that have been selectively loaded with small molecules, metal nanoparticles, and proteins for independently controlled release at the wound site. Hydrogel wound dressings carrying antibacterial silver nanoparticles and vascular endothelial growth factor with predetermined release profiles were utilized to study the physiological response of the wound in a mouse model. Compared to controls, the application of dressings resulted in improvement in granulation tissue formation and differential levels of vascular density, dependent on the release profile of the growth factor. Our study demonstrates the versatility of the 3D-printed hydrogel dressings that can yield varied physiological responses in vivo and can further be adapted for personalized treatment of various wound types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moien Alizadehgiashi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 Saint George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Carine R Nemr
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 Saint George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Mahshid Chekini
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 Saint George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Daniel Pinto Ramos
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 Saint George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Nitesh Mittal
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 Saint George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
- Linné FLOW Centre, KTH Mechanics, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm SE-100 44, Sweden
- Wallenberg Wood Science Center, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm SE-100 44, Sweden
| | - Sharif U Ahmed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toronto, 144 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3M2, Canada
| | - Nancy Khuu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 Saint George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Shana O Kelley
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 Saint George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toronto, 144 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3M2, Canada
- The Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, 4 Taddle Creek Road, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G9, Canada
| | - Eugenia Kumacheva
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 Saint George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
- The Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, 4 Taddle Creek Road, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G9, Canada
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, 200 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E5, Canada
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Yang Y, Lu YT, Zeng K, Heinze T, Groth T, Zhang K. Recent Progress on Cellulose-Based Ionic Compounds for Biomaterials. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2000717. [PMID: 32270900 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202000717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Glycans play important roles in all major kingdoms of organisms, such as archea, bacteria, fungi, plants, and animals. Cellulose, the most abundant polysaccharide on the Earth, plays a predominant role for mechanical stability in plants, and finds a plethora of applications by humans. Beyond traditional use, biomedical application of cellulose becomes feasible with advances of soluble cellulose derivatives with diverse functional moieties along the backbone and modified nanocellulose with versatile functional groups on the surface due to the native features of cellulose as both cellulose chains and supramolecular ordered domains as extractable nanocellulose. With the focus on ionic cellulose-based compounds involving both these groups primarily for biomedical applications, a brief introduction about glycoscience and especially native biologically active glycosaminoglycans with specific biomedical application areas on humans is given, which inspires further development of bioactive compounds from glycans. Then, both polymeric cellulose derivatives and nanocellulose-based compounds synthesized as versatile biomaterials for a large variety of biomedical applications, such as for wound dressings, controlled release, encapsulation of cells and enzymes, and tissue engineering, are separately described, regarding the diverse routes of synthesis and the established and suggested applications for these highly interesting materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yang
- Wood Technology and Wood Chemistry, University of Goettingen, Büsgenweg 4, Göttingen, 37077, Germany
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Wushan Road 381, Guangzhou, 510640, P. R. China
| | - Yi-Tung Lu
- Department Biomedical Materials, Institute of Pharmacy, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Heinrich-Damerow-Strasse 4, Halle (Saale), 06120, Germany
| | - Kui Zeng
- Wood Technology and Wood Chemistry, University of Goettingen, Büsgenweg 4, Göttingen, 37077, Germany
| | - Thomas Heinze
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University of Jena, Centre of Excellence for Polysaccharide Research, Humboldt Straße 10, Jena, D-07743, Germany
| | - Thomas Groth
- Department Biomedical Materials, Institute of Pharmacy, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Heinrich-Damerow-Strasse 4, Halle (Saale), 06120, Germany
- Interdisciplinary Center of Materials Science, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), 06120, Germany
- Laboratory of Biomedical Nanotechnologies, Institute of Bionic Technologies and Engineering, I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State University, Trubetskaya Street 8, 119991, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Kai Zhang
- Wood Technology and Wood Chemistry, University of Goettingen, Büsgenweg 4, Göttingen, 37077, Germany
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Evdokimova OL, Alves CS, Krsmanović Whiffen RM, Ortega Z, Tomás H, Rodrigues J. Cytocompatible cellulose nanofibers from invasive plant species Agave americana L. and Ricinus communis L.: a renewable green source of highly crystalline nanocellulose. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 2021. [DOI: http://doi.org/10.1631/jzus.b2000683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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L. EVDOKIMOVA O, S. ALVES C, M. KRSMANOVIĆ WHIFFEN R, ORTEGA Z, TOMÁS H, RODRIGUES J. Cytocompatible cellulose nanofibers from invasive plant species Agave americana L. and Ricinus communis L.: a renewable green source of highly crystalline nanocellulose. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 2021; 22:450-461. [PMID: 34128369 PMCID: PMC8214947 DOI: 10.1631/jzus.b2000683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the fibers of invasive species Agave americana L. and Ricinus communis L. were successfully used for the first time as new sources to produce cytocompatible and highly crystalline cellulose nanofibers. Cellulose nanofibers were obtained by two methods, based on either alkaline or acid hydrolysis. The morphology, chemical composition, and crystallinity of the obtained materials were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) together with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), dynamic light scattering (DLS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The crystallinity indexes (CIs) of the cellulose nanofibers extracted from A. americana and R. communis were very high (94.1% and 92.7%, respectively). Biological studies evaluating the cytotoxic effects of the prepared cellulose nanofibers on human embryonic kidney 293T (HEK293T) cells were also performed. The nanofibers obtained using the two different extraction methods were all shown to be cytocompatible in the concentration range assayed (i.e., 0‒500 µg/mL). Our results showed that the nanocellulose extracted from A. americana and R. communis fibers has high potential as a new renewable green source of highly crystalline cellulose-based cytocompatible nanomaterials for biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga L. EVDOKIMOVA
- CQM‒Centro de Química da Madeira, MMRG, Universidade da Madeira, Campus Universitário da Penteada, 9020-105Funchal, Portugal
| | - Carla S. ALVES
- CQM‒Centro de Química da Madeira, MMRG, Universidade da Madeira, Campus Universitário da Penteada, 9020-105Funchal, Portugal
| | - Radenka M. KRSMANOVIĆ WHIFFEN
- CQM‒Centro de Química da Madeira, MMRG, Universidade da Madeira, Campus Universitário da Penteada, 9020-105Funchal, Portugal
- Faculty of Polytechnics, University of Donja Gorica, Oktoih 1, 81000 Podgorica, Montenegro
| | - Zaida ORTEGA
- Departamento de Ingeniería de Procesos, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35017 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas, Spain
- Zaida ORTEGA,
| | - Helena TOMÁS
- CQM‒Centro de Química da Madeira, MMRG, Universidade da Madeira, Campus Universitário da Penteada, 9020-105Funchal, Portugal
| | - João RODRIGUES
- CQM‒Centro de Química da Madeira, MMRG, Universidade da Madeira, Campus Universitário da Penteada, 9020-105Funchal, Portugal
- School of Materials Science and Engineering/Center for Nano Energy Materials, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an710072, China
- João RODRIGUES, ;
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Casado U, Mucci VL, Aranguren MI. Cellulose nanocrystals suspensions: Liquid crystal anisotropy, rheology and films iridescence. Carbohydr Polym 2021; 261:117848. [PMID: 33766344 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.117848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Revised: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The properties of aqueous suspensions of cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) and their casted films are revised. The bio-nanoparticles are briefly introduced, including modifications of the crystals and the suspending media. The formation of CNC-derived liquid crystals (LC) and their resulting rheological behavior are presented. The effects of different variables are addressed: CNC aspect ratio, surface chemistry, concentration, time required for the appearance of an anisotropic phase and addition of other components to the suspension media. The changes on the structure induced by alignment, and by conditions of the drying process are also reported. The optical properties of the films are considered, and the effect of the above variables on the final transparency, iridescence and overall optical response of these bio-inspired photonic materials. Control of the reviewed variables is needed to achieve reliable materials in applications such as sensors, smart inks and papers, transparent flexible supports for electronics, decorative coatings and films.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulises Casado
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencia y Tecnología de Materiales (INTEMA), Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata (UNMdP) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones en Ciencia y tecnología (CONICET), Facultad de Ingeniería, Av. Juan B Justo 4302, (7600), Mar del Plata, Argentina
| | - Verónica L Mucci
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencia y Tecnología de Materiales (INTEMA), Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata (UNMdP) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones en Ciencia y tecnología (CONICET), Facultad de Ingeniería, Av. Juan B Justo 4302, (7600), Mar del Plata, Argentina
| | - Mirta I Aranguren
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencia y Tecnología de Materiales (INTEMA), Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata (UNMdP) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones en Ciencia y tecnología (CONICET), Facultad de Ingeniería, Av. Juan B Justo 4302, (7600), Mar del Plata, Argentina.
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Li MC, Wu Q, Moon RJ, Hubbe MA, Bortner MJ. Rheological Aspects of Cellulose Nanomaterials: Governing Factors and Emerging Applications. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2006052. [PMID: 33870553 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202006052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Revised: 11/01/2020] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Cellulose nanomaterials (CNMs), mainly including nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC) and cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs), have attained enormous interest due to their sustainability, biodegradability, biocompatibility, nanoscale dimensions, large surface area, facile modification of surface chemistry, as well as unique optical, mechanical, and rheological performance. One of the most fascinating properties of CNMs is their aqueous suspension rheology, i.e., CNMs helping create viscous suspensions with the formation of percolation networks and chemical interactions (e.g., van der Waals forces, hydrogen bonding, electrostatic attraction/repulsion, and hydrophobic attraction). Under continuous shearing, CNMs in an aqueous suspension can align along the flow direction, producing shear-thinning behavior. At rest, CNM suspensions regain some of their initial structure immediately, allowing rapid recovery of rheological properties. These unique flow features enable CNMs to serve as rheological modifiers in a wide range of fluid-based applications. Herein, the dependence of the rheology of CNM suspensions on test protocols, CNM inherent properties, suspension environments, and postprocessing is systematically described. A critical overview of the recent progress on fluid applications of CNMs as rheology modifiers in some emerging industrial sectors is presented as well. Future perspectives in the field are outlined to guide further research and development in using CNMs as the next generation rheological modifiers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Chun Li
- School of Renewable Natural Resources, Louisiana State University AgCenter, Baton Rouge, LA, 70803, USA
- Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Materials science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, P. R. China
| | - Qinglin Wu
- School of Renewable Natural Resources, Louisiana State University AgCenter, Baton Rouge, LA, 70803, USA
| | - Robert J Moon
- Forest Products Laboratory, USDA Forest Service, Madison, WI, 53726, USA
| | - Martin A Hubbe
- Department of Forest Biomaterials, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695-8005, USA
| | - Michael J Bortner
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (Virginia Tech), Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA
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44
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Kirillova A, Yeazel TR, Asheghali D, Petersen SR, Dort S, Gall K, Becker ML. Fabrication of Biomedical Scaffolds Using Biodegradable Polymers. Chem Rev 2021; 121:11238-11304. [PMID: 33856196 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c01200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Degradable polymers are used widely in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Maturing capabilities in additive manufacturing coupled with advances in orthogonal chemical functionalization methodologies have enabled a rapid evolution of defect-specific form factors and strategies for designing and creating bioactive scaffolds. However, these defect-specific scaffolds, especially when utilizing degradable polymers as the base material, present processing challenges that are distinct and unique from other classes of materials. The goal of this review is to provide a guide for the fabrication of biodegradable polymer-based scaffolds that includes the complete pathway starting from selecting materials, choosing the correct fabrication method, and considering the requirements for tissue specific applications of the scaffold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alina Kirillova
- Thomas Lord Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Taylor R Yeazel
- Thomas Lord Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Darya Asheghali
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Shannon R Petersen
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Sophia Dort
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Ken Gall
- Thomas Lord Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Matthew L Becker
- Thomas Lord Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States.,Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States.,Departments of Biomedical Engineering and Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
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45
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Mietner JB, Jiang X, Edlund U, Saake B, Navarro JRG. 3D printing of a bio-based ink made of cross-linked cellulose nanofibrils with various metal cations. Sci Rep 2021; 11:6461. [PMID: 33742068 PMCID: PMC7979872 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-85865-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work, we present an approach to cross-link cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) with various metallic cations (Fe3+, Al3+, Ca2+, and Mg2+) to produce inks suitable for three-dimensional (3D) printing application. The printability of each hydrogel ink was evaluated, and several parameters such as the optimal ratio of Mn+:TOCNF:H2O were discussed. CNF suspensions were produced by mechanical disintegration of cellulose pulp with a microfluidizer and then oxidized with 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl (TEMPO). Finally, metal cations were introduced to the deprotonated TEMPO-oxidized CNF (TOCNF) suspension to cross-link the nanofibrils and form the corresponding hydrogels. The performances of each gel-ink were evaluated by rheological measurements and 3D printing. Only the gels incorporated with divalent cations Ca2+ and Mg2+ were suitable for 3D printing. The 3D printed structures were freeze-dried and characterized with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The better interaction of the TOCNFs with the divalent metallic cations in terms of printability, the viscoelastic properties of the inks, and the variation trends owing to various metal cations and ratios are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Xuehe Jiang
- Institute of Wood Science, Universität Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ulrica Edlund
- Fiber and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 56, 100 44, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Bodo Saake
- Institute of Wood Science, Universität Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
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Benwood C, Chrenek J, Kirsch RL, Masri NZ, Richards H, Teetzen K, Willerth SM. Natural Biomaterials and Their Use as Bioinks for Printing Tissues. Bioengineering (Basel) 2021; 8:27. [PMID: 33672626 PMCID: PMC7924193 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering8020027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2021] [Revised: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The most prevalent form of bioprinting-extrusion bioprinting-can generate structures from a diverse range of materials and viscosities. It can create personalized tissues that aid in drug testing and cancer research when used in combination with natural bioinks. This paper reviews natural bioinks and their properties and functions in hard and soft tissue engineering applications. It discusses agarose, alginate, cellulose, chitosan, collagen, decellularized extracellular matrix, dextran, fibrin, gelatin, gellan gum, hyaluronic acid, Matrigel, and silk. Multi-component bioinks are considered as a way to address the shortfalls of individual biomaterials. The mechanical, rheological, and cross-linking properties along with the cytocompatibility, cell viability, and printability of the bioinks are detailed as well. Future avenues for research into natural bioinks are then presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Benwood
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8P 5C2, Canada;
| | - Josie Chrenek
- Biomedical Engineering Program, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8P 5C2, Canada; (J.C.); (H.R.); (K.T.)
| | - Rebecca L. Kirsch
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8P 5C2, Canada;
| | - Nadia Z. Masri
- Division of Medical Sciences, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8P 5C2, Canada;
| | - Hannah Richards
- Biomedical Engineering Program, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8P 5C2, Canada; (J.C.); (H.R.); (K.T.)
| | - Kyra Teetzen
- Biomedical Engineering Program, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8P 5C2, Canada; (J.C.); (H.R.); (K.T.)
| | - Stephanie M. Willerth
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8P 5C2, Canada;
- Biomedical Engineering Program, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8P 5C2, Canada; (J.C.); (H.R.); (K.T.)
- Division of Medical Sciences, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8P 5C2, Canada;
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Muthukrishnan L. Imminent antimicrobial bioink deploying cellulose, alginate, EPS and synthetic polymers for 3D bioprinting of tissue constructs. Carbohydr Polym 2021; 260:117774. [PMID: 33712131 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.117774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Revised: 01/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
3D printing, one of its kinds has been a recent technological trend to fabricate complex and patterned biomaterial with controlled precision. With the conventional kick-start of printing metals and plastics, advancements in printing viable cells, polysaccharides or microbes themselves have been achieved. The additive antimicrobial properties in bioinks sourced from organic and inorganic materials have profound implications in tissue engineering. Cellulose, alginate, exopolysaccharides, ceramics and synthetic polymers are integrated as a viable component in inks and used for bio-printing. To date, bacterial infection and immunogenicity pose a potential health risk during a tissue implant or bone substitution. In order to mitigate microbial infection, antimicrobial bioinks with significant antimicrobial potential have been the much sought after strategies. This approach could be an effective frontline defense against microbial interference in tissue engineering and biomedical applications. An overview on the antimicrobial potential of polysaccharides as bioinks for 3D bioprinting has been critically reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lakshmipathy Muthukrishnan
- Department of Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Poonamallee High Road, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600 077, India.
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48
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Shahbazi M, Jäger H. Current Status in the Utilization of Biobased Polymers for 3D Printing Process: A Systematic Review of the Materials, Processes, and Challenges. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2021; 4:325-369. [PMID: 35014287 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.0c01379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) printing is a revolutionary additive manufacturing technique that allows rapid prototyping of objects with intricate architectures. This Review covers the recent state-of-the-art of biopolymers (protein and carbohydrate-based materials) application in pharmaceutical, bioengineering, and food printing and main reinforcement approaches of biomacromolecular structure for the development of 3D constructs. Some perspectives and main important limitations with the biomaterials utilization for advanced 3D printing procedures are also provided. Because of the improved the ink's flow behavior and enhance the mechanical strength of resulting printed architectures, biopolymers are the most used materials for 3D printing applications. Biobased polymers by taking advantage of modifying the ink viscosity could improve the resolution of deposited layers, printing precision, and consequently, develop well-defined geometries. In this regard, the rheological properties of printable biopolymeric-based inks and factors affecting ink flow behavior related to structural properties of printed constructs are discussed. On the basis of successful applications of biopolymers in 3D printing, it is suggested that other biomacromolecules and nanoparticles combined with the matrix can be introduced into the ink dispersions to enhance the multifunctionality of 3D structures. Furthermore, tuning the biopolymer's structural properties offers the most common and essential approach to attain the printed architectures with precisely tailored geometry. We finish the Review by giving a viewpoint of the upcoming 3D printing process and recognize some of the existing bottlenecks facing the blossoming 3D pharmaceutical, bioengineering, and food printing applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdiyar Shahbazi
- Institute of Food Technology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences (BOKU), Muthgasse 18, 1190 Vienna, Austria
| | - Henry Jäger
- Institute of Food Technology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences (BOKU), Muthgasse 18, 1190 Vienna, Austria
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Rasheed A, Azizi L, Turkki P, Janka M, Hytönen VP, Tuukkanen S. Extrusion-Based Bioprinting of Multilayered Nanocellulose Constructs for Cell Cultivation Using In Situ Freezing and Preprint CaCl 2 Cross-Linking. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:569-578. [PMID: 33458509 PMCID: PMC7807796 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c05036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Extrusion-based bioprinting with a preprint cross-linking agent and an in situ cooling stage provides a versatile method for the fabrication of 3D structures for cell culture. We added varying amounts of calcium chloride as a precross-linker into native nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC) hydrogel prior to 3D bioprinting to fabricate structurally stable multilayered constructs without the need for a separate cross-linking bath. To further enhance their stability, we bioprinted the multilayered structures onto an in situ temperature-controlled printing stage at 25, 0, and -10 °C. The extruded and subsequently freeze-dried volumetric constructs maintained their structures after being immersed into a cell culture medium. The ability to maintain the shape after immersion in cell media is an essential feature for the fabrication of stem cell-based artificial organs. We studied the viability and distribution of mouse embryonic fibroblast cells into the hydrogels using luminescence technique and confocal microscopy. Adding CaCl2 increased the stability of the multilayered nanocellulose structures, making them suitable for culturing cells inside the 3D hydrogel environment. Lower stage temperature considerably improved the structural stability of the 3D printed structures, however, had no effect on cell viability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anum Rasheed
- Faculty
of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere
University, Korkeakoulunkatu 7 Kampusareena, 33720 Tampere, Finland
| | - Latifeh Azizi
- Faculty
of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere
University, Arvo Ylpön
Katu 34, 33520 Tampere, Finland
| | - Paula Turkki
- Faculty
of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere
University, Arvo Ylpön
Katu 34, 33520 Tampere, Finland
| | - Marika Janka
- Faculty
of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere
University, Korkeakoulunkatu 7 Kampusareena, 33720 Tampere, Finland
| | - Vesa P. Hytönen
- Faculty
of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere
University, Arvo Ylpön
Katu 34, 33520 Tampere, Finland
- Fimlab
Laboratories, Biokatu
4, 33520 Tampere, Finland
| | - Sampo Tuukkanen
- Faculty
of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere
University, Korkeakoulunkatu 7 Kampusareena, 33720 Tampere, Finland
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50
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Huanbutta K, Sriamornsak P, Kittanaphon T, Suwanpitak K, Klinkesorn N, Sangnim T. Development of a zero-order kinetics drug release floating tablet with anti–flip-up design fabricated by 3D-printing technique. JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL INVESTIGATION 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s40005-020-00507-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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