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Li W, Zhang Y, Wang Y, Rong Z, Liu C, Miao H, Chen H, He Y, He W, Chen L. Candidate gene prioritization for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease using expression information in protein-protein interaction networks. BMC Pulm Med 2021; 21:280. [PMID: 34481483 PMCID: PMC8418003 DOI: 10.1186/s12890-021-01646-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Identifying or prioritizing genes for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), one type of complex disease, is particularly important for its prevention and treatment. Methods In this paper, a novel method was proposed to Prioritize genes using Expression information in Protein–protein interaction networks with disease risks transferred between genes (abbreviated as PEP). A weighted COPD PPI network was constructed using expression information and then COPD candidate genes were prioritized based on their corresponding disease risk scores in descending order. Results Further analysis demonstrated that the PEP method was robust in prioritizing disease candidate genes, and superior to other existing prioritization methods exploiting either topological or functional information. Top-ranked COPD candidate genes and their significantly enriched functions were verified to be related to COPD. The top 200 candidate genes might be potential disease genes in the diagnosis and treatment of COPD. Conclusions The proposed method could provide new insights to the research of prioritizing candidate genes of COPD or other complex diseases with expression information from sequencing or microarray data. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12890-021-01646-9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan Li
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150000, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yihua Zhang
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150000, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yahui Wang
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150000, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Zherou Rong
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150000, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Chenyu Liu
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150000, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Hui Miao
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150000, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Hongwei Chen
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150000, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yuehan He
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150000, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Weiming He
- Institute of Opto-Electronics, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150000, Heilongjiang, China.
| | - Lina Chen
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150000, Heilongjiang, China.
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2
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Gasparotto D, Sbaraglia M, Rossi S, Baldazzi D, Brenca M, Mondello A, Nardi F, Racanelli D, Cacciatore M, Paolo Dei Tos A, Maestro R. Tumor genotype, location, and malignant potential shape the immunogenicity of primary untreated gastrointestinal stromal tumors. JCI Insight 2020; 5:142560. [PMID: 33048845 PMCID: PMC7710278 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.142560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Intratumoral immune infiltrate was recently reported in gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs). However, the tumor-intrinsic factors that dictate GIST immunogenicity are still largely undefined. To shed light on this issue, a large cohort (82 samples) of primary untreated GISTs, representative of major clinicopathological variables, was investigated by an integrated immunohistochemical, transcriptomic, and computational approach. Our results indicate that tumor genotype, location, and malignant potential concur to shape the immunogenicity of primary naive GISTs. Immune infiltration was greater in overt GISTs compared with that in lesions with limited malignant potential (miniGISTs), in KIT/PDGFRA-mutated tumors compared with that in KIT/PDGFRA WT tumors, and in PDGFRA-mutated compared with KIT-mutated GISTs. Within the KIT-mutated subset, a higher degree of immune colonization was detected in the intestine. Immune hot tumors showed expression patterns compatible with a potentially proficient but curbed antigen-specific immunity, hinting at sensitivity to immunomodulatory treatments. Poorly infiltrated GISTs, primarily KIT/PDGFRA WT intestinal tumors, showed activation of Hedgehog and WNT/β-catenin immune excluding pathways. This finding discloses a potential therapeutic vulnerability, as the targeting of these pathways might prove effective by both inhibiting pro-oncogenic signals and fostering antitumor immune responses. Finally, an intriguing anticorrelation between immune infiltration and ANO1/DOG1 expression was observed, suggesting an immunomodulatory activity for anoctamin-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Gasparotto
- Unit of Oncogenetics and Functional Oncogenomics, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO Aviano) IRCCS, National Cancer Institute, Aviano, Italy
| | - Marta Sbaraglia
- Department of Pathology, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria di Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Sabrina Rossi
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Genetics, Treviso General Hospital, Treviso, Italy
| | - Davide Baldazzi
- Unit of Oncogenetics and Functional Oncogenomics, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO Aviano) IRCCS, National Cancer Institute, Aviano, Italy
| | - Monica Brenca
- Unit of Oncogenetics and Functional Oncogenomics, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO Aviano) IRCCS, National Cancer Institute, Aviano, Italy
| | - Alessia Mondello
- Unit of Oncogenetics and Functional Oncogenomics, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO Aviano) IRCCS, National Cancer Institute, Aviano, Italy
| | - Federica Nardi
- Unit of Oncogenetics and Functional Oncogenomics, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO Aviano) IRCCS, National Cancer Institute, Aviano, Italy
| | - Dominga Racanelli
- Unit of Oncogenetics and Functional Oncogenomics, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO Aviano) IRCCS, National Cancer Institute, Aviano, Italy
| | - Matilde Cacciatore
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Genetics, Treviso General Hospital, Treviso, Italy
| | - Angelo Paolo Dei Tos
- Department of Pathology, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria di Padova, Padua, Italy
- Department of Medicine, University of Padua School of Medicine, Padua, Italy
| | - Roberta Maestro
- Unit of Oncogenetics and Functional Oncogenomics, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO Aviano) IRCCS, National Cancer Institute, Aviano, Italy
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3
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McMahon DB, Carey RM, Kohanski MA, Tong CCL, Papagiannopoulos P, Adappa ND, Palmer JN, Lee RJ. Neuropeptide regulation of secretion and inflammation in human airway gland serous cells. Eur Respir J 2020; 55:13993003.01386-2019. [PMID: 32029445 DOI: 10.1183/13993003.01386-2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Airway submucosal gland serous cells are sites of expression of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) and are important for fluid secretion in conducting airways. To elucidate how neuropeptides regulate serous cells, we tested if human nasal turbinate serous cells secrete bicarbonate (HCO3 -), important for mucus polymerisation and antimicrobial peptide function, during stimulation with cAMP-elevating vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) and if this requires CFTR. Serous cells stimulated with VIP exhibited a ∼15-20% cAMP-dependent decrease in cell volume and a ∼0.15 unit decrease in intracellular pH (pHi), reflecting activation of Cl- and HCO3 - secretion, respectively. HCO3 - secretion was directly dependent on CFTR and was absent in cells from CF patients. In contrast, neuropeptide Y (NPY) reduced VIP-evoked cAMP increases, CFTR activation, and Cl-/HCO3 - secretion. Culture of primary serous cells in a model that maintained a serous phenotype confirmed the activating and inhibiting effects of VIP and NPY, respectively, on fluid and HCO3 - secretion. Moreover, VIP enhanced antimicrobial peptide secretion and antimicrobial efficacy of secretions while NPY reduced antimicrobial efficacy. In contrast, NPY enhanced cytokine release while VIP reduced cytokine release through a mechanism requiring CFTR. As levels of VIP and NPY are up-regulated in diseases like allergy, asthma, and chronic rhinosinusitis, the balance of these two peptides in the airway may control mucus rheology and inflammatory responses in serous cells. Furthermore, the loss of CFTR conductance in serous cells may contribute to CF pathophysiology by increasing serous cells inflammatory responses in addition to directly impairing Cl- and HCO3 - secretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derek B McMahon
- Dept of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Ryan M Carey
- Dept of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Michael A Kohanski
- Dept of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Charles C L Tong
- Dept of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Peter Papagiannopoulos
- Dept of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Nithin D Adappa
- Dept of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - James N Palmer
- Dept of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Robert J Lee
- Dept of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Dept of Physiology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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Phosphorylation-dependent modulation of CFTR macromolecular signalling complex activity by cigarette smoke condensate in airway epithelia. Sci Rep 2019; 9:12706. [PMID: 31481727 PMCID: PMC6722123 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-48971-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Accepted: 08/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Genetic and acquired loss-of-function defect of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) compromise airway surface liquid homeostasis and mucociliary clearance (MCC), culminating in recurrent lung inflammation/infection. While chronic cigarette smoke (CS), CS extract (CSE; water-soluble compounds) and CS condensate (CSC; particulate, organic fraction) exposure inhibit CFTR activity at transcriptional, biochemical, and functional levels, the acute impact of CSC remains incompletely understood. We report that CSC transiently activates CFTR chloride secretion in airway epithelia. The comparable CFTR phospho-occupancy after CSC- and forskolin-exposure, determined by affinity-enriched tandem mass spectrometry and pharmacology, suggest that localised cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA) stimulation by CSC causes the channel opening. Due to the inhibition of the MRP4/ABCC4, a cAMP-exporter confined to the CFTR macromolecular signalling-complex, PKA activation is accomplished by the subcompartmentalised elevation of cytosolic cAMP. In line, MRP4 inhibition results in CFTR activation and phospho-occupancy similar to that by forskolin. In contrast, acute CSC exposure reversibly inhibits the phosphorylated CFTR both in vivo and in phospholipid bilayers, without altering its cell surface density and phospho-occupancy. We propose that components of CSC elicit both a transient protective CFTR activation, as well as subsequent channel block in airway epithelia, contributing to the subacute MCC defect in acquired CF lung diseases.
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5
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Bidaud-Meynard A, Bossard F, Schnúr A, Fukuda R, Veit G, Xu H, Lukacs GL. Transcytosis maintains CFTR apical polarity in the face of constitutive and mutation-induced basolateral missorting. J Cell Sci 2019; 132:jcs.226886. [PMID: 30975917 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.226886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2018] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Apical polarity of cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) is essential for solute and water transport in secretory epithelia and can be impaired in human diseases. Maintenance of apical polarity in the face of CFTR non-polarized delivery and inefficient apical retention of mutant CFTRs lacking PDZ-domain protein (NHERF1, also known as SLC9A3R1) interaction, remains enigmatic. Here, we show that basolateral CFTR delivery originates from biosynthetic (∼35%) and endocytic (∼65%) recycling missorting. Basolateral channels are retrieved via basolateral-to-apical transcytosis (hereafter denoted apical transcytosis), enhancing CFTR apical expression by two-fold and suppressing its degradation. In airway epithelia, CFTR transcytosis is microtubule-dependent but independent of Myo5B, Rab11 proteins and NHERF1 binding to its C-terminal DTRL motif. Increased basolateral delivery due to compromised apical recycling and accelerated internalization upon impaired NHERF1-CFTR association is largely counterbalanced by efficient CFTR basolateral internalization and apical transcytosis. Thus, transcytosis represents a previously unrecognized, but indispensable, mechanism for maintaining CFTR apical polarity that acts by attenuating its constitutive and mutation-induced basolateral missorting.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Florian Bossard
- Department of Physiology, McGill University, Montréal, QC, H3G 1Y6, Canada
| | - Andrea Schnúr
- Department of Physiology, McGill University, Montréal, QC, H3G 1Y6, Canada
| | - Ryosuke Fukuda
- Department of Physiology, McGill University, Montréal, QC, H3G 1Y6, Canada
| | - Guido Veit
- Department of Physiology, McGill University, Montréal, QC, H3G 1Y6, Canada
| | - Haijin Xu
- Department of Physiology, McGill University, Montréal, QC, H3G 1Y6, Canada
| | - Gergely L Lukacs
- Department of Physiology, McGill University, Montréal, QC, H3G 1Y6, Canada .,Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montréal, QC, H3G 1Y6, Canada
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Zulfikaroglu B, Isman FK, Bora G, Akgul O, Ozalp N. Serum levels of tumor necrosis factor-like weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK) in predicting the severity of acute pancreatitis. Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg 2018. [PMID: 29525967 DOI: 10.1007/s00068-018-0938-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Acute pancreatitis (AP) is a severe disease associated with significant morbidity and mortality. The overall outcome has improved, but specific treatment(s) remains elusive. The challenge is the early identification and treatment of patients who will develop severe acute pancreatitis. Therefore, the aim of the present study is to investigate plasma levels of tumor necrosis factor-like weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK) in the initial phase of predicted severe acute pancreatitis. METHODS Between June 2014 and January 2016, 64 patients with acute pancreatitis and 36 healthy individuals were included to study. Four blood samples, for serum TWEAK measurement, were taken from each individual in each group. The first measurement was taken from the admission blood sample. The subsequent three samples were taken at 12, 24, and 48 h after the hospital admission. RESULTS Serum TWEAK levels were significantly higher in patients with acute pancreatitis when compared with healthy controls. TWEAK plasma concentrations in severe pancreatitis patients were significantly higher than in mild pancreatitis patients. CONCLUSION Serum TWEAK levels increase progressively with the severity of acute pancreatitis and TWEAK might be a novel early marker of severity in acute pancreatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baris Zulfikaroglu
- Department of General Surgery, Ankara Numune Training and Research Hospital, 7. Cadde 70A /14, 06490-Bahcelievler, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Ferruh Kemal Isman
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Goztepe Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul Medeniyet University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Gul Bora
- Department of General Surgery, Medical Park Ankara Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ozgur Akgul
- Department of General Surgery, Ankara Numune Training and Research Hospital, 7. Cadde 70A /14, 06490-Bahcelievler, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Necdet Ozalp
- Department of General Surgery, Medical Park Ankara Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
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7
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The EGFR-ADAM17 Axis in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and Cystic Fibrosis Lung Pathology. Mediators Inflamm 2018. [PMID: 29540993 PMCID: PMC5818912 DOI: 10.1155/2018/1067134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and cystic fibrosis (CF) share molecular mechanisms that cause the pathological symptoms they have in common. Here, we review evidence suggesting that hyperactivity of the EGFR/ADAM17 axis plays a role in the development of chronic lung disease in both CF and COPD. The ubiquitous transmembrane protease A disintegrin and metalloprotease 17 (ADAM17) forms a functional unit with the EGF receptor (EGFR), in a feedback loop interaction labeled the ADAM17/EGFR axis. In airway epithelial cells, ADAM17 sheds multiple soluble signaling proteins by proteolysis, including EGFR ligands such as amphiregulin (AREG), and proinflammatory mediators such as the interleukin 6 coreceptor (IL-6R). This activity can be enhanced by injury, toxins, and receptor-mediated external triggers. In addition to intracellular kinases, the extracellular glutathione-dependent redox potential controls ADAM17 shedding. Thus, the epithelial ADAM17/EGFR axis serves as a receptor of incoming luminal stress signals, relaying these to neighboring and underlying cells, which plays an important role in the resolution of lung injury and inflammation. We review evidence that congenital CFTR deficiency in CF and reduced CFTR activity in chronic COPD may cause enhanced ADAM17/EGFR signaling through a defect in glutathione secretion. In future studies, these complex interactions and the options for pharmaceutical interventions will be further investigated.
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8
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Stolarczyk M, Veit G, Schnúr A, Veltman M, Lukacs GL, Scholte BJ. Extracellular oxidation in cystic fibrosis airway epithelium causes enhanced EGFR/ADAM17 activity. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2017; 314:L555-L568. [PMID: 29351448 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00458.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The EGF receptor (EGFR)/a disintegrin and metalloproteinase 17 (ADAM17) signaling pathway mediates the shedding of growth factors and secretion of cytokines and is involved in chronic inflammation and tissue remodeling. Since these are hallmarks of cystic fibrosis (CF) lung disease, we hypothesized that CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) deficiency enhances EGFR/ADAM17 activity in human bronchial epithelial cells. In CF bronchial epithelial CFBE41o- cells lacking functional CFTR (iCFTR-) cultured at air-liquid interface (ALI) we found enhanced ADAM17-mediated shedding of the EGFR ligand amphiregulin (AREG) compared with genetically identical cells with induced CFTR expression (iCFTR+). Expression of the inactive G551D-CFTR did not have this effect, suggesting that active CFTR reduces EGFR/ADAM17 activity. This was confirmed in CF compared with normal differentiated primary human bronchial epithelial cells (HBEC-ALI). ADAM17-mediated AREG shedding was tightly regulated by the EGFR/MAPK pathway. Compared with iCFTR+ cells, iCFTR- cells displayed enhanced apical presentation and phosphorylation of EGFR, in accordance with enhanced EGFR/ADAM17 activity in CFTR-deficient cells. The nonpermeant natural antioxidant glutathione (GSH) strongly inhibited AREG release in iCFTR and in primary HBEC-ALI, suggesting that ADAM17 activity is directly controlled by extracellular redox potentials in differentiated airway epithelium. Furthermore, the fluorescent redox probe glutaredoxin 1-redox-sensitive green fluorescent protein-glycosylphosphatidylinositol (Grx1-roGFP-GPI) indicated more oxidized conditions in the extracellular space of iCFTR- cells, consistent with the role of CFTR in GSH transport. Our data suggest that in CFTR-deficient airway epithelial cells a more oxidized state of the extracellular membrane, likely caused by defective GSH secretion, leads to enhanced activity of the EGFR/ADAM17 signaling axis. In CF lungs this could contribute to tissue remodeling and hyperinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Guido Veit
- Department of Physiology, McGill University , Montreal, Quebec , Canada
| | - Andrea Schnúr
- Department of Physiology, McGill University , Montreal, Quebec , Canada
| | - Mieke Veltman
- Cell Biology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam , The Netherlands
| | - Gergely L Lukacs
- Department of Physiology, McGill University , Montreal, Quebec , Canada
| | - Bob J Scholte
- Cell Biology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam , The Netherlands.,Pediatric Pulmonology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam , The Netherlands
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Aarstad HJ, Aarstad HH, Vintermyr OK, Kross KW, Lybak S, Heimdal JH. In vitro Monocyte IL-6 Secretion Levels Following Stimulation with Autologous Spheroids Derived from Tumour or Benign Mucosa Predict Long-term Survival in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma Patients. Scand J Immunol 2017; 85:211-219. [PMID: 27943380 DOI: 10.1111/sji.12518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2016] [Accepted: 12/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
MCP-1/IL-6 in vitro monocyte secretion upon coculture with autologous fragment spheroids was studied in relation to patient 5- and 10-year overall survival rates in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) patients (n = 65) diagnosed between 1998 and 2005, nine of whom had an human papilloma virus (HPV) tumour infection. The spheroids were harvested from malignant or benign tissue during primary surgery. Two weeks following surgery, freshly isolated autologous monocytes and benign or malignant spheroids were cocultured 24 h in vitro. The IL-6 secretion was expressed as a fraction of the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) response from the same batch of monocytes. HPV status was obtained by employing PCR analyses of primary diagnostic blocks. IL-6/MCP-1 response levels were not found to be dependent on HPV infection status. MCP-1 secretion did not predict prognosis, nor did in vitro IL-6 monocyte background or LPS-stimulated IL-6 secretion. At 5-year observation, dichotomized IL-6 levels following monocyte coculture, with both malignant and benign spheroids, showed a strong trend towards predicting survival, that is a low monocyte malignant coculture response showed a survival of 31 ± 17 versus 58 ± 17% with a high such response (P = 0.057). When studying monocyte IL-6 coculture responses evaluating benign and malignant spheroid results statistically together, a prediction of survival up to 10 years was found (hazard ratio = 0.48; confidence interval = 0.24-0.96; P < 0.05) with double low IL-6 responses. This survival prediction was also present after an adjustment for HPV tumour infection status. In conclusion, monocyte IL-6 in vitro secretion in cocultures with autologous spheroids/serum from HNSCCs predicted 5- and 10-year survivals, both with and without tumour HPV tumour adjustment.
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Affiliation(s)
- H J Aarstad
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.,Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - H H Aarstad
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.,Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - O K Vintermyr
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.,Department of Pathology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - K W Kross
- Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - S Lybak
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.,Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - J-H Heimdal
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.,Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
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