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Raval K, Kumaresan A, Sinha MK, Elango K, Ebenezer Samuel King JP, Nag P, Paul N, Talluri TR, Patil S. Sperm proteomic landscape is altered in breeding bulls with greater sperm DNA fragmentation index. Theriogenology 2024; 216:82-92. [PMID: 38159388 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2023.12.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Although, it is well understood that sperm DNA damage is associated with infertility, the molecular details of how damaged sperm DNA affects fertility are not fully elucidated. Since sperm proteins play an important role in fertilization and post-fertilization events, the present study aimed to identify the sperm proteomic alterations in bulls with high sperm DNA Fragmentation Index (DFI%). Semen from Holstein-Friesian crossbred breeding bulls (n = 50) was subjected to Sperm Chromatin Structure Assay. Based on DFI%, bulls were classified into either high- (HDFI; n = 6), or low-DFI (LDFI; n = 6) and their spermatozoa were subjected to high throughput proteomic analysis. Liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry analysis identified 4567 proteins in bull spermatozoa. A total of 2660 proteins were found common to both the groups, while 1193 and 714 proteins were unique to HDFI and LDFI group, respectively. A total of 265 proteins were up regulated and 262 proteins were down regulated in HDFI group. It was found that proteins involved in capacitation [heparin binding (molecular function), ERK1 and ERK2 cascade (biological process), PI3K-Akt signalling (pathway), Jak-STAT signalling (pathway)], spermatogenesis [TLR signalling (pathway), gamete generation (biological process)] and DNA repair mechanism (biological process) were significantly altered in the bulls with high DFI%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathan Raval
- Theriogenology Laboratory, Southern Regional Station of ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Bengaluru, 560030, Karnataka, India
| | - Arumugam Kumaresan
- Theriogenology Laboratory, Southern Regional Station of ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Bengaluru, 560030, Karnataka, India.
| | - Manish Kumar Sinha
- Theriogenology Laboratory, Southern Regional Station of ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Bengaluru, 560030, Karnataka, India
| | - Kamaraj Elango
- Theriogenology Laboratory, Southern Regional Station of ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Bengaluru, 560030, Karnataka, India
| | - John Peter Ebenezer Samuel King
- Theriogenology Laboratory, Southern Regional Station of ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Bengaluru, 560030, Karnataka, India
| | - Pradeep Nag
- Theriogenology Laboratory, Southern Regional Station of ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Bengaluru, 560030, Karnataka, India
| | - Nilendu Paul
- Theriogenology Laboratory, Southern Regional Station of ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Bengaluru, 560030, Karnataka, India
| | - Thirumala Rao Talluri
- Equine Production Campus, ICAR-National Research Centre on Equines, Bikaner, 334001, Rajasthan, India
| | - Shivanagouda Patil
- Theriogenology Laboratory, Southern Regional Station of ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Bengaluru, 560030, Karnataka, India
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Zhang W, Li K, Li S, Lv R, Ma J, Yin P, Li L, Sun N, Chen Y, Lu L, Li Y, Zhang Q, Yan H. High-throughput sequencing reveals hub genes for human early embryonic development arrest in vitro fertilization: a pilot study. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1279559. [PMID: 38033342 PMCID: PMC10684309 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1279559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Many clinical studies have shown that embryos of in vitro fertilization (IVF) are often prone to developmental arrest, which leads to recurrent failure of IVF treatment. Early embryonic arrest has always been an urgent clinical problem in assisted reproduction centers. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying early embryonic development arrest remain largely unknown. The objective of this study is to investigate potential candidate hub genes and key signaling pathways involved in early stages of embryonic development. RNA-seq analysis was performed on normal and arrest embryos to study the changes of gene expression during early embryonic development. A total of 520 genes exhibiting differential expression were identified, with 174 genes being upregulated and 346 genes being downregulated. Upregulated genes show enrichment in biosynthesis, cellular proliferation and differentiation, and epigenetic regulation. While downregulated genes exhibit enrichment in transcriptional activity, epigenetic regulation, cell cycle progression, cellular proliferation and ubiquitination. The STRING (search tool for the retravel of interacting genes/proteins) database was utilized to analyze protein-protein interactions among these genes, aiming to enhance comprehension of the potential role of these differentially expressed genes (DEGs). A total of 22 hub genes (highly connected genes) were identified among the DEGs using Cytoscape software. Of these, ERBB2 and VEGFA were upregulated, while the remaining 20 genes (CCNB1, CCNA2, DICER1, NOTCH1, UBE2B, UBE2N, PRMT5, UBE2D1, MAPK3, SOX9, UBE2C, UB2D2, EGF, ACTB, UBA52, SHH, KRAS, UBE2E1, ADAM17 and BRCA2) were downregulated. These hub genes are associated with crucial biological processes such as ubiquitination, cellular senescence, cell proliferation and differentiation, and cell cycle. Among these hub genes, CCNA2 and CCNB1 may be involved in controlling cell cycle, which are critical process in early embryonic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wuwen Zhang
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Kai Li
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shifeng Li
- Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Rong Lv
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Ma
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ping Yin
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Li
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ningyu Sun
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuanyuan Chen
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lu Lu
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yun Li
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qinhua Zhang
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hua Yan
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Benagiano G, Mancuso S, Guo SW, Di Renzo GC. Events Leading to the Establishment of Pregnancy and Placental Formation: The Need to Fine-Tune the Nomenclature on Pregnancy and Gestation. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15420. [PMID: 37895099 PMCID: PMC10607313 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242015420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Today, there is strong and diversified evidence that in humans at least 50% of early embryos do not proceed beyond the pre-implantation period. This evidence comes from clinical investigations, demography, epidemiology, embryology, immunology, and molecular biology. The purpose of this article is to highlight the steps leading to the establishment of pregnancy and placenta formation. These early events document the existence of a clear distinction between embryonic losses during the first two weeks after conception and those occurring during the subsequent months. This review attempts to highlight the nature of the maternal-embryonic dialogue and the major mechanisms active during the pre-implantation period aimed at "selecting" embryos with the ability to proceed to the formation of the placenta and therefore to the completion of pregnancy. This intense molecular cross-talk between the early embryo and the endometrium starts even before the blastocyst reaches the uterine cavity, substantially initiating and conditioning the process of implantation and the formation of the placenta. Today, several factors involved in this dialogue have been identified, although the best-known and overall, the most important, still remains Chorionic Gonadotrophin, indispensable during the first 8 to 10 weeks after fertilization. In addition, there are other substances acting during the first days following fertilization, the Early Pregnancy Factor, believed to be involved in the suppression of the maternal response, thereby allowing the continued viability of the early embryo. The Pre-Implantation Factor, secreted between 2 and 4 days after fertilization. This linear peptide molecule exhibits a self-protective and antitoxic action, is present in maternal blood as early as 7 days after conception, and is absent in the presence of non-viable embryos. The Embryo-Derived Platelet-activating Factor, produced and released by embryos of all mammalian species studied seems to have a role in the ligand-mediated trophic support of the early embryo. The implantation process is also guided by signals from cells in the decidualized endometrium. Various types of cells are involved, among them epithelial, stromal, and trophoblastic, producing a number of cellular molecules, such as cytokines, chemokines, growth factors, and adhesion molecules. Immune cells are also involved, mainly uterine natural killer cells, macrophages, and T cells. In conclusion, events taking place during the first two weeks after fertilization determine whether pregnancy can proceed and therefore whether placenta's formation can proceed. These events represent the scientific basis for a clear distinction between the first two weeks following fertilization and the rest of gestation. For this reason, we propose that a new nomenclature be adopted specifically separating the two periods. In other words, the period from fertilization and birth should be named "gestation", whereas that from the completion of the process of implantation leading to the formation of the placenta, and birth should be named "pregnancy".
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Benagiano
- Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy;
- Geneva Foundation for Medical Education and Research, 1206 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Salvatore Mancuso
- Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, 00168 Rome, Italy;
| | - Sun-Wei Guo
- Research Institute, Shanghai Obstetrics & Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200011, China;
| | - Gian Carlo Di Renzo
- Center for Perinatal and Reproductive Medicine, University of Perugia, 06156 Perugia, Italy
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119146 Moscow, Russia
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
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Wang X, Zhao J, Yao Z, Xia Q, Chang T, Zeng J, Liu J, Li Y, Zhu H. Arrested Cells/Cellular Debris Expelled from Blastocysts Is Self-Correction Phenomenon During Early Embryonic Development. Reprod Sci 2023; 30:2177-2187. [PMID: 36627481 PMCID: PMC10310642 DOI: 10.1007/s43032-022-01159-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Arrested cells/ cellular debris is component left in the zona pellucida after blastocyst hatching. To identify whether expelling arrested cells/cellular debris from blastocysts is a process of human embryo self-correction by eliminating abnormal cells, 21 pairs of trophectoderm (TE) biopsies and the corresponding arrested cells/cellular debris expelled from the blastocysts from July to December 2020 were collected and analyzed using next-generation sequencing (NGS). Then, the NGS results of TE biopsies and the corresponding arrested cells/cellular debris were compared. We identified that 47.6% of blastocysts (10/21) were aneuploidies and mosaicism. A total of 18 groups of arrested cells/cellular debris (85.7%) expelled from blastocysts were abnormal, including nine aneuploid embryos and nine euploid embryos. In the arrested cells/cellular debris, all the chromosomes were affected. In conclusion, mosaicism and aneuploidies are common features of early embryonic development, and the arrested cells/cellular debris expelled from blastocysts provides evidence of early embryonic self-correction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxia Wang
- Department of Reproductive Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China
- The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu, 322000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jing Zhao
- Department of Reproductive Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China
- Clinical Research Center for Women's Reproductive Health in Hunan Province, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China
| | - Zhongyuan Yao
- Department of Reproductive Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China
- Clinical Research Center for Women's Reproductive Health in Hunan Province, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China
- Center for Medical Genetics & Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410000, Hunan, China
| | - Qiuping Xia
- Department of Reproductive Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China
- Clinical Research Center for Women's Reproductive Health in Hunan Province, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China
| | - Tianli Chang
- Department of Reproductive Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China
- Clinical Research Center for Women's Reproductive Health in Hunan Province, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China
| | - Jun Zeng
- Department of Reproductive Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China
| | - Jiaqi Liu
- Yikon Genomics Company, Ltd, No.218, Xinghu Street, Suzhou, 215000, China
| | - Yanping Li
- Department of Reproductive Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China
- Clinical Research Center for Women's Reproductive Health in Hunan Province, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China
| | - Huimin Zhu
- Center for Medical Genetics & Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410000, Hunan, China.
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Fryc K, Nowak A, Kij-Mitka B, Kochan J, Bartlewski PM, Murawski M. Morphokinetic changes and apoptotic cell death in vitrified and non-vitrified in vitro-produced ovine embryos. Reprod Biol 2023; 23:100750. [PMID: 36857927 DOI: 10.1016/j.repbio.2023.100750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
Abstract
This article addresses morphokinetic changes and the extent of apoptosis in vitrified and non-vitrified in vitro-derived ovine blastocysts. Cumulus-oocyte complexes were collected after ovarian scarification obtain after slaughter and in vitro maturation was performed in TCM 199 medium supplemented with Earle's Salt, 10 % of FBS, and 5 µg/mL of LH/FSH at 38 °C for 24 h. After maturation, the oocytes were co-incubated with thawed ram semen (IVF) for 19 h.Embryo development was monitored with the aid of the Primo Vision Time-Lapse (TL) system. Twenty-five out of thirty-one ovine blastocysts that were vitrified using the Cryotop system at the early blastulation stage of development subsequently re-expanded. Both the vitrified (n = 25) and non-vitrified (control group: n = 28) blastocysts were examined for detection of apoptosis (TUNEL assay) and total blastomere counts at the time they attained the expanded blastocyst stage. Blastocyst formation occurred earlier in non-vitrified than in vitrified ovine embryos (147:49 ± 20:23 compared with 156:46 ± 19:24; hours:minutes post-insemination; mean ± SD; P < 0.05). The average number of blastocyst collapses was greater (2.45 ± 1.64 compared with 1.45 ± 1.64), but the number of weak contractions was less for vitrified than non-vitrified ovine blastocysts (P < 0.05). The mean number of blastomeres was greater (131.8 ± 38.6 compared with 91.5 ± 18.3; P < 0.05) while the number of TUNEL-positive cells (4.4 ± 1.6 compared with 6.3 ± 2.3) and apoptotic index (3.4 ± 1.2 % compared with 6.9 ± 2.6 %) were less (P < 0.05) in non-vitrified compared with vitrified blastocysts. Vitrification of ovine embryos was associated with a delayed blastocyst formation, greater numbers of apoptotic cells, significant reduction in the number of blastomeres, and higher/lower incidence of blastocyst collapse/weak contractions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Fryc
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Biotechnology, and Fisheries, University of Agriculture in Kraków, 24/28 Mickiewicza Ave., 30-059 Cracow, Poland.
| | - Agnieszka Nowak
- Department of Animal Reproduction, Anatomy and Genomics, University of Agriculture in Kraków, 24/28 Mickiewicza Ave., 30-059 Cracow, Poland
| | - Barbara Kij-Mitka
- Department of Animal Reproduction, Anatomy and Genomics, University of Agriculture in Kraków, 24/28 Mickiewicza Ave., 30-059 Cracow, Poland
| | - Joanna Kochan
- Department of Animal Reproduction, Anatomy and Genomics, University of Agriculture in Kraków, 24/28 Mickiewicza Ave., 30-059 Cracow, Poland
| | - Pawel M Bartlewski
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Rd., Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Maciej Murawski
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Biotechnology, and Fisheries, University of Agriculture in Kraków, 24/28 Mickiewicza Ave., 30-059 Cracow, Poland
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Haouzi D, Entezami F, Tuaillon E, Gala A, Ferrières-Hoa A, Brouillet S, Thierry AR, Hamamah S. SARS-CoV-2 and Implantation Window: Gene Expression Mapping of Human Endometrium and Preimplantation Embryo. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:life11121378. [PMID: 34947909 PMCID: PMC8706202 DOI: 10.3390/life11121378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding whether SARS-CoV-2 could infect cells and tissues handled during ART is crucial for risk mitigation, especially during the implantation window when either endometrial biopsies are often practiced for endometrial receptivity assessment or embryo transfer is performed. To address this question, this review analyzed current knowledge of the field and retrospectively examined the gene expression profiles of SARS-CoV-2-associated receptors and proteases in a cohort of ART candidates using our previous Affymetrix microarray data. Human endometrial tissue under natural and controlled ovarian stimulation cycles and preimplantation embryos were analyzed. A focus was particularly drawn on the renin-angiotensin system, which plays a prominent role in the virus infection, and we compared the gene expression levels of receptors and proteases related to SARS-CoV-2 infection in the samples. High prevalence of genes related to the ACE2 pathway during both cycle phases and mainly during the mid-secretory phase for ACE2 were reported. The impact of COS protocols on endometrial gene expression profile of SARS-CoV-2-associated receptors and proteases is minimal, suggesting no additional potential risks during stimulated ART procedure. In blastocysts, ACE2, BSG, CTSL, CTSA and FURIN were detectable in the entire cohort at high expression level. Specimens from female genital tract should be considered as potential targets for SARS-CoV-2, especially during the implantation window.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delphine Haouzi
- Univ Montpellier, INSERM U1203, DEFE, 34295 Montpellier, France; (D.H.); (F.E.); (A.G.); (A.F.-H.); (S.B.)
- IRMB (Institute for Regenerative Medicine & Biotherapy), Univ Montpellier, INSERM, 34295 Montpellier, France
- CHU Montpellier, ART/PGD Department, Arnaud de Villeneuve Hospital, 34295 Montpellier, France
- Global ART Innovation Network, IRMB, CHU Montpellier, 34295 Montpellier, France
| | - Frida Entezami
- Univ Montpellier, INSERM U1203, DEFE, 34295 Montpellier, France; (D.H.); (F.E.); (A.G.); (A.F.-H.); (S.B.)
- ART Department, American Hospital of Paris, 92200 Neuilly-Sur-Seine, France
| | - Edward Tuaillon
- CHU Montpellier, Bacteriology-Virology Department, 34295 Montpellier, France;
| | - Anna Gala
- Univ Montpellier, INSERM U1203, DEFE, 34295 Montpellier, France; (D.H.); (F.E.); (A.G.); (A.F.-H.); (S.B.)
- CHU Montpellier, ART/PGD Department, Arnaud de Villeneuve Hospital, 34295 Montpellier, France
| | - Alice Ferrières-Hoa
- Univ Montpellier, INSERM U1203, DEFE, 34295 Montpellier, France; (D.H.); (F.E.); (A.G.); (A.F.-H.); (S.B.)
- CHU Montpellier, ART/PGD Department, Arnaud de Villeneuve Hospital, 34295 Montpellier, France
| | - Sophie Brouillet
- Univ Montpellier, INSERM U1203, DEFE, 34295 Montpellier, France; (D.H.); (F.E.); (A.G.); (A.F.-H.); (S.B.)
- IRMB (Institute for Regenerative Medicine & Biotherapy), Univ Montpellier, INSERM, 34295 Montpellier, France
- CHU Montpellier, ART/PGD Department, Arnaud de Villeneuve Hospital, 34295 Montpellier, France
| | - Alain R. Thierry
- Regional Institute of Cancer of Montpellier, 34090 Montpellier, France;
| | - Samir Hamamah
- Univ Montpellier, INSERM U1203, DEFE, 34295 Montpellier, France; (D.H.); (F.E.); (A.G.); (A.F.-H.); (S.B.)
- IRMB (Institute for Regenerative Medicine & Biotherapy), Univ Montpellier, INSERM, 34295 Montpellier, France
- CHU Montpellier, ART/PGD Department, Arnaud de Villeneuve Hospital, 34295 Montpellier, France
- Global ART Innovation Network, IRMB, CHU Montpellier, 34295 Montpellier, France
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +33-04-67-33-64-04; Fax: +33-04-67-33-62-90
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Wang D, Cai J, Wang B, Ding S, Guan LL, Liu J. Integrative network analysis revealed molecular mechanisms of urine urea output in lactating dairy cows: Potential solutions to reduce environmental nitrate contamination. Genomics 2021; 113:1522-1533. [PMID: 33774166 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2021.03.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Revised: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The enriched nitrogenous compounds in the dairy farms negatively affect the surrounding soil quality and air condition. The objective of this study is to investigate the transcriptomes of five key tissues involved in nitrogen metabolism and their changes under different diets to elucidate the molecular regulatory mechanisms of urine urea nitrogen (UUN) yield, one of the indicators of nitrogenous compound secretion of dairy cows. RESULTS Cows fed high quality forage-based diet had lower UUN content and UUN yield, compared to those fed low quality forage (crop byproducts) based diets. From the transcriptomes of rumen, duodenum, jejunum, liver and udder, key driver genes and their UUN yield-associated functional gene networks were identified. In addition, the functional networks and expression of key drivers in various tissues (such as S100A8, CA1 and BPIFA2C in the duodenum; A2ML1, HMGCS2 and S100A12 in the jejunum; CYP2B6 and GLYCAM1 in the liver; APOE in the udder) changed in the cows fed crop byproducts based diet, which might be the predominant molecules to drive the increase UUN yield in these cows. CONCLUSION The information suggested that gut, liver and udder play important roles in regulating UUN yield, which could regulate nitrogen excretion waste. These findings provide fundamental information on future nutritional intervention strategies to reduce the UUN yield from dairy cows fed human inedible crop byproducts, which is vital for a sustainable and environmentally friendly dairy industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diming Wang
- Institute of Dairy Science, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Jie Cai
- Institute of Dairy Science, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Bing Wang
- Institute of Dairy Science, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Shengsen Ding
- Institute of Dairy Science, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Le Luo Guan
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.
| | - Jianxin Liu
- Institute of Dairy Science, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
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8
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Seelan RS, Mukhopadhyay P, Philipose J, Greene RM, Pisano MM. Gestational folate deficiency alters embryonic gene expression and cell function. Differentiation 2020; 117:1-15. [PMID: 33302058 DOI: 10.1016/j.diff.2020.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Revised: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Folic acid is a nutrient essential for embryonic development. Folate deficiency can cause embryonic lethality or neural tube defects and orofacial anomalies. Folate receptor 1 (Folr1) is a folate binding protein that facilitates the cellular uptake of dietary folate. To better understand the biological processes affected by folate deficiency, gene expression profiles of gestational day 9.5 (gd9.5) Folr1-/- embryos were compared to those of gd9.5 Folr1+/+ embryos. The expression of 837 genes/ESTs was found to be differentially altered in Folr1-/- embryos, relative to those observed in wild-type embryos. The 837 differentially expressed genes were subjected to Ingenuity Pathway Analysis. Among the major biological functions affected in Folr1-/- mice were those related to 'digestive system development/function', 'cardiovascular system development/function', 'tissue development', 'cellular development', and 'cell growth and differentiation', while the major canonical pathways affected were those associated with blood coagulation, embryonic stem cell transcription and cardiomyocyte differentiation (via BMP receptors). Cellular proliferation, apoptosis and migration were all significantly affected in the Folr1-/- embryos. Cranial neural crest cells (NCCs) and neural tube explants, grown under folate-deficient conditions, exhibited marked reduction in directed migration that can be attributed, in part, to an altered cytoskeleton caused by perturbations in F-actin formation and/or assembly. The present study revealed that several developmentally relevant biological processes were compromised in Folr1-/- embryos.
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Affiliation(s)
- R S Seelan
- Department of Oral Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Division of Craniofacial Development & Anomalies, University of Louisville Dental School, 501 S. Preston St., Louisville, KY, 40292, USA
| | - P Mukhopadhyay
- Department of Oral Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Division of Craniofacial Development & Anomalies, University of Louisville Dental School, 501 S. Preston St., Louisville, KY, 40292, USA
| | - J Philipose
- Department of Oral Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Division of Craniofacial Development & Anomalies, University of Louisville Dental School, 501 S. Preston St., Louisville, KY, 40292, USA
| | - R M Greene
- Department of Oral Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Division of Craniofacial Development & Anomalies, University of Louisville Dental School, 501 S. Preston St., Louisville, KY, 40292, USA.
| | - M M Pisano
- Department of Oral Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Division of Craniofacial Development & Anomalies, University of Louisville Dental School, 501 S. Preston St., Louisville, KY, 40292, USA
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9
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Maleki P, Gourabi H, Tahmaseb M, Golkar-Narenji A, Bazrgar M. Lapatinib Decreases the Preimplantation Aneuploidy Rate of in vitro Fertilized Mouse Embryos without Affecting Completion of Preimplantation Development. Cytogenet Genome Res 2020; 160:680-687. [PMID: 33176309 DOI: 10.1159/000511371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2020] [Accepted: 09/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the major reasons for implantation failure and spontaneous abortion is a high incidence of preimplantation chromosomal aneuploidy. Lapatinib simultaneously inhibits EGFR and HER2, leading to apoptosis. We hypothesized a higher sensitivity for aneuploid cells in preimplantation embryos to lapatinib based on reports of aneuploid cell lines being sensitive to some anticancer drugs. Late 2-cell mouse embryos were treated with lapatinib after determining a nontoxic dose. Morphologies were recorded 24, 48, and 60 hours later. The effect of lapatinib on the aneuploidy rate was evaluated by studying blastocyst cells using FISH. Although the rate of development to 8-cell and morula stage was higher in the control group (p < 0.05), there was no difference in development to the blastocyst stage at the same studied intervals between lapatinib-treated and control groups (p = 0.924). The mean number of cells in morula and blastocyst stages were not different between the groups (p = 0.331 and p = 0.175, respectively). The frequency of aneuploid cells and diploid embryos was, respectively, significantly lower and higher in lapatinib-treated embryos, (p < 0.001). Since lapatinib treatment reduced the aneuploidy rate without impact on the development of mouse preimplantation embryos to the blastocyst stage and number of total cells, lapatinib seems useful for prevention of preimplantation aneuploidy in in vitro fertilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parvaneh Maleki
- Department of Genetics, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamid Gourabi
- Department of Genetics, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Tahmaseb
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Afsaneh Golkar-Narenji
- Department of Genetics, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masood Bazrgar
- Department of Genetics, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran,
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Aghaz F, Vaisi-Raygani A, Khazaei M, Arkan E. The Anti-oxidative Effects of Encapsulated Cysteamine During Mice In Vitro Matured Oocyte/Morula-Compact Stage Embryo Culture Model: a Comparison of High-Efficiency Nanocarriers for Hydrophilic Drug Delivery-a Pilot Study. Reprod Sci 2020; 28:1290-1306. [PMID: 33030694 DOI: 10.1007/s43032-020-00333-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Although it is well-recognized that antioxidant nano-encapsulation has many benefits such as minimizing side effects (e.g., high-dose toxicity), the most attention was paid to the hydrophobic antioxidant not hydrophilic. In this regard, we sought to compare two hydrophilic model nanocarriers to deliver the optimal dose of cystamine (Cys) into the in vitro matured oocyte and the first cleavage stages until morula-compact stage embryonic cells. The formation of Cys-loaded solid self-emulsifying lipid (Cys + SLN) and Cys-loaded chitosan shell (Cys-CS-NC) were confirmed by FT-IR and UV-Vis spectrophotometry, dynamic light scattering (DLS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) technologies. In two experiments, the oocytes/presumptive zygotes were cultured under various concentrations of Cys-SLN and Cys-CS-NC. The results of nuclear staining (aceto-orcein and Hoechst 33342), H2DCFDA fluorescent staining, chemiluminescence test, and quantitative reverse transcription-PCR (qRT-PCR) technique as in vitro toxicity studies demonstrated that adding the lowest dose of Cys-encapsulated in both nanocarriers [Cys-SLN (5 μM) and Cys-CS-NC (10 μM)] to maturation or culture medium could accumulate a strong anti-oxidative effect in oocyte/embryo by controlled release and enhanced intracellular penetration of Cys. In comparison, Cys-SLN (5 μM) is more effective than Cys-CS-NC (10 μM) groups to improve the expression of antioxidant genes (SOD, CAT, GPx) or anti-apoptotic (BCL-2) gene and decreased apoptosis (BAX and caspase-3) or intra-/extracellular ROS levels. In a nutshell, both nanocarriers (CS-NC or SLN) can deliver the lowest dose of Cys into the oocyte/embryo, thus encouraging a better expansion of antioxidant genes and enhancing the development of in vitro oocyte/embryo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faranak Aghaz
- Fertility and Infertility Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Asad Vaisi-Raygani
- Fertility and Infertility Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
| | - Mozafar Khazaei
- Fertility and Infertility Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
| | - Elham Arkan
- Nano Drug Delivery Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
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11
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Orvieto R, Shimon C, Rienstein S, Jonish-Grossman A, Shani H, Aizer A. Do human embryos have the ability of self-correction? Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2020; 18:98. [PMID: 33023576 PMCID: PMC7539487 DOI: 10.1186/s12958-020-00650-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Human embryogenesis frequently coinciding with cell division mistakes contributing to pervasive embryonic aneuploidy/mosaicism. While embryo self-correction was elegantly demonstrated in mouse models, human studies are lacking. Here we are witness to human embryos ability to eliminate/expel abnormal blastomeres as cell debris/fragments. Each blastocyst and its corresponding debris were separated and underwent whole genome amplification. Seven of the 11 pairs of blastocysts and their corresponding cell debris/fragments revealed discordant results. Of the 9 euploid blastocysts, four showed euploid debris, while in the others, the debris were aneuploid. In the remaining pairs, the debris showed additional aneuploidy to those presented by their corresponding blastocyst. The observed ability of human embryos to self-correction doubts many invasive and non-invasive preimplantation testing for aneuploidy at the blastocyst stage, rendering high rate of false positive (discarding "good" embryos) by identifying the cell-free DNA originated from the expelled cell debris, as aneuploidy/mosaic blastocyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raoul Orvieto
- grid.413795.d0000 0001 2107 2845Infertility and IVF Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chaim Sheba Medical Center (Tel Hashomer), 56261 Ramat Gan, Israel
- grid.12136.370000 0004 1937 0546Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- grid.12136.370000 0004 1937 0546The Tarnesby-Tarnowski Chair for Family Planning and Fertility Regulation, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Chen Shimon
- grid.413795.d0000 0001 2107 2845Infertility and IVF Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chaim Sheba Medical Center (Tel Hashomer), 56261 Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Shlomit Rienstein
- grid.12136.370000 0004 1937 0546Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- grid.413795.d0000 0001 2107 2845Danek Gertner Institute of Human Genetics, Sheba Medical Center, 56261 Ramat-Gan, Israel
| | - Anat Jonish-Grossman
- grid.413795.d0000 0001 2107 2845Danek Gertner Institute of Human Genetics, Sheba Medical Center, 56261 Ramat-Gan, Israel
| | - Hagit Shani
- grid.12136.370000 0004 1937 0546Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- grid.413795.d0000 0001 2107 2845Danek Gertner Institute of Human Genetics, Sheba Medical Center, 56261 Ramat-Gan, Israel
| | - Adva Aizer
- grid.413795.d0000 0001 2107 2845Infertility and IVF Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chaim Sheba Medical Center (Tel Hashomer), 56261 Ramat Gan, Israel
- grid.12136.370000 0004 1937 0546Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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