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Jankech T, Gerhardtova I, Stefanik O, Chalova P, Jampilek J, Majerova P, Kovac A, Piestansky J. Current green capillary electrophoresis and liquid chromatography methods for analysis of pharmaceutical and biomedical samples (2019-2023) - A review. Anal Chim Acta 2024; 1323:342889. [PMID: 39182966 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2024.342889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Revised: 06/16/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024]
Abstract
Separation analytical methods, including liquid chromatography (LC) and capillary electrophoresis (CE), in combination with an appropriate detection technique, are dominant and powerful approaches preferred in the analysis of pharmaceutical and biomedical samples. Recent trends in analytical methods are focused on activities that push them to the field of greenness and sustainability. New approaches based on the implementation of greener solvents, non-hazardous chemicals, and reagents have grown exponentially. Similarly, recent trends are pushed in to the strategies based on miniaturization, reduction of wastes, avoiding derivatization procedures, or reduction of energy consumption. However, the real greenness of the analytical method can be evaluated only according to an objective and sufficient metric offering complex results taking into account all twelve rules of green analytical chemistry (SIGNIFICANCE mnemonic system). This review provides an extensive overview of papers published in the area of development of green LC and CE methods in the field of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis over the last 5 years (2019-2023). The main focus is situated on the metrics used for greenness evaluation of the methods applied for the determination of bioactive agents. It critically evaluates and compares the demands of the real applicability of the methods in quality control and clinical environment with the requirements of the green analytical chemistry (GAC). Greenness and practicality of the summarized methods are re-evaluated or newly evaluated with the use of the dominant metrics tools, i.e., Analytical GREEnness (AGREE), Green Analytical Procedure Index (GAPI), Blue Applicability Grade Index (BAGI), and Sample Preparation Metric of Sustainability (SPMS). Moreover, general conclusions and future perspectives of the greening procedures and greenness evaluation metrics systems are presented. This paper should provide comprehensive information to analytical chemists, biochemists, and it can also represent a valuable source of information for clinicians, biomedical or quality control laboratories interested in development of analytical methods based on greenness, practicality, and sustainability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timotej Jankech
- Institute of Neuroimmunology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska Cesta 9, SK-845 45, Bratislava, Slovak Republic; Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mlynska Dolina, Ilkovicova 6, SK-842 15, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Ivana Gerhardtova
- Institute of Neuroimmunology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska Cesta 9, SK-845 45, Bratislava, Slovak Republic; Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mlynska Dolina, Ilkovicova 6, SK-842 15, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Ondrej Stefanik
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Nuclear Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University in Bratislava, Odbojarov 10, SK-832 32, Bratislava, Slovak Republic; Toxicological and Antidoping Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University in Bratislava, Odbojarov 10, SK-832 32, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Petra Chalova
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Nuclear Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University in Bratislava, Odbojarov 10, SK-832 32, Bratislava, Slovak Republic; Institute of Virology, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska Cesta 9, SK-845 45, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Josef Jampilek
- Institute of Neuroimmunology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska Cesta 9, SK-845 45, Bratislava, Slovak Republic; Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mlynska Dolina, Ilkovicova 6, SK-842 15, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Petra Majerova
- Institute of Neuroimmunology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska Cesta 9, SK-845 45, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Andrej Kovac
- Institute of Neuroimmunology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska Cesta 9, SK-845 45, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Juraj Piestansky
- Toxicological and Antidoping Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University in Bratislava, Odbojarov 10, SK-832 32, Bratislava, Slovak Republic; Department of Galenic Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University in Bratislava, Odbojarov 10, SK-832 32, Bratislava, Slovak Republic.
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Suzaei FM, Daryanavard SM, Abdel-Rehim A, Bassyouni F, Abdel-Rehim M. Recent molecularly imprinted polymers applications in bioanalysis. CHEMICAL PAPERS 2023; 77:619-655. [PMID: 36213319 PMCID: PMC9524737 DOI: 10.1007/s11696-022-02488-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Molecular imprinted polymers (MIPs) as extraordinary compounds with unique features have presented a wide range of applications and benefits to researchers. In particular when used as a sorbent in sample preparation methods for the analysis of biological samples and complex matrices. Its application in the extraction of medicinal species has attracted much attention and a growing interest. This review focus on articles and research that deals with the application of MIPs in the analysis of components such as biomarkers, drugs, hormones, blockers and inhibitors, especially in biological matrices. The studies based on MIP applications in bioanalysis and the deployment of MIPs in high-throughput settings and optimization of extraction methods are presented. A review of more than 200 articles and research works clearly shows that the superiority of MIP techniques lies in high accuracy, reproducibility, sensitivity, speed and cost effectiveness which make them suitable for clinical usage. Furthermore, this review present MIP-based extraction techniques and MIP-biosensors which are categorized on their classes based on common properties of target components. Extraction methods, studied sample matrices, target analytes, analytical techniques and their results for each study are described. Investigations indicate satisfactory results using MIP-based bioanalysis. According to the increasing number of studies on method development over the last decade, the use of MIPs in bioanalysis is growing and will further expand the scope of MIP applications for less studied samples and analytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Foad Mashayekhi Suzaei
- Toxicology Laboratories, Monitoring the Human Hygiene Condition & Standard of Qeshm (MHCS Company), Qeshm Island, Iran
| | - Seyed Mosayeb Daryanavard
- grid.444744.30000 0004 0382 4371Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hormozgan, Bandar-Abbas, Iran
| | - Abbi Abdel-Rehim
- grid.5335.00000000121885934Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Cambridge University, Cambridge, UK
| | - Fatma Bassyouni
- grid.419725.c0000 0001 2151 8157Chemistry of Natural and Microbial Products Department, Pharmaceutical industry Research Division, National Research Centre, Cairo, 12622 Egypt
| | - Mohamed Abdel-Rehim
- grid.5037.10000000121581746Functional Materials Division, Department of Applied Physics, School of Engineering Sciences, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden and Med. Solutions, Stockholm, Sweden
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Jordan-Sinisterra M, Lanças FM. Microextraction by packed sorbent of selected pesticides in coffee samples employing ionic liquids supported on graphene nanosheets as extraction phase. Anal Bioanal Chem 2021; 414:413-423. [PMID: 33763748 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-021-03245-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
This paper describes the synthesis, characterization, and use of ionic liquids supported on silica, functionalized with graphene oxide through covalent bonding (ILz/Si@GO), as sorbents for microextraction by packed sorbent (MEPS). Seven selected pesticides (diazinon, heptachlor, aldrin, endrin, dieldrin, endosulfan, and methoxychlor), used for the prevention of pests in coffee crops, and endosulfan sulfate-an endosulfan metabolite-were selected for this study as model compounds for evaluating the sorbent performance of the synthesized materials in the MEPS device. The cycles of each of the stages were previously optimized through univariate experiments to carry out the extraction. The ILz/Si@GO phase was compared to other sorbents used in MEPS (GO, DVB-MMA, C4/SiO2, C8/SiO2, ILz/SiO2, and bare silica) and also with graphene functionalized through other methodologies, where ILz/Si@GO showed the best results. The material was characterized using a range of techniques. The selectivity of the sorbent material and its adsorption capacity were evaluated by gas chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry. The precision and accuracy of the method showed a relative standard deviation lower than 10% and recoveries from 35 to 97%. Finally, the proposed method was employed for the determination of pesticide residues in coffee samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcela Jordan-Sinisterra
- Institute of Chemistry of São Carlos, University of São Paulo, Av. Trabalhador Saocarlense 400, São Carlos, SP, 13560-970, Brazil
| | - Fernando Mauro Lanças
- Institute of Chemistry of São Carlos, University of São Paulo, Av. Trabalhador Saocarlense 400, São Carlos, SP, 13560-970, Brazil.
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Involvement of Deep Eutectic Solvents in Extraction by Molecularly Imprinted Polymers—A Minireview. CRYSTALS 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/cryst10030217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Substantial research activity has been focused on new modes of extraction and refining processes during the last decades. In this field, coverage of the recovery of bioactive compounds and the role of green solvents such as deep eutectic solvents (DESs) also gradually increases. A specific field of DESs involvement is represented by molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs). The current state and prospects of implementing DESs in MIPs chemistry are, based on the accumulated experimental data so far, evaluated and discussed in this minireview.
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Fathi Til R, Alizadeh-Khaledabad M, Mohammadi R, Pirsa S, Wilson LD. Molecular imprinted polymers for the controlled uptake of sinapic acid from aqueous media. Food Funct 2020; 11:895-906. [DOI: 10.1039/c9fo01598a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) were synthesized via a precipitation polymerization method using 4-vinylpyridine as a functional monomer and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate as a cross-linker for selective separation of sinapic acid from water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roya Fathi Til
- Department of Food Science and Technology
- Faculty of Agriculture
- Urmia University
- Urmia
- Iran
| | | | - Reza Mohammadi
- Department of Organic and Biochemistry
- Faculty of Chemistry
- University of Tabriz
- Tabriz
- Iran
| | - Sajad Pirsa
- Department of Food Science and Technology
- Faculty of Agriculture
- Urmia University
- Urmia
- Iran
| | - Lee D. Wilson
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Saskatchewan
- Saskatoon
- Canada
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Roda A, Matias AA, Paiva A, Duarte ARC. Polymer Science and Engineering Using Deep Eutectic Solvents. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11:polym11050912. [PMID: 31117221 PMCID: PMC6572283 DOI: 10.3390/polym11050912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Revised: 05/16/2019] [Accepted: 05/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The green and versatile character of deep eutectic solvents (DES) has turned them into significant tools in the development of green and sustainable technologies. For this purpose, their use in polymeric applications has been growing and expanding to new areas of development. The present review aims to summarize the progress in the field of DES applied to polymer science and engineering. It comprises fundamentals studies involving DES and polymers, recent applications of DES in polymer synthesis, extraction and modification, and the early developments on the formulation of DES–polymer products. The combination of DES and polymers is highly promising in the development of new and ‘greener’ materials. Still, there is plenty of room for future research in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Roda
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química da Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal.
- iBET, Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Apartado 12, 2781-901 Oeiras, Portugal.
| | - Ana A Matias
- iBET, Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Apartado 12, 2781-901 Oeiras, Portugal.
| | - Alexandre Paiva
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química da Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal.
| | - Ana Rita C Duarte
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química da Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal.
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