1
|
Korde SB, Pillewan SR, Dumbre SR, Bandgar AR, Shinde PS, Gairola S, Nikam VS. Significance of Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) vaccine intervention for patients with Type 1 Diabetes (T1D): A systematic review and meta-analysis. Diabetes Metab Syndr 2024; 18:103102. [PMID: 39173532 DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2024.103102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2024] [Accepted: 08/10/2024] [Indexed: 08/24/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Immunotherapy is an emerging therapeutic modality for many autoimmune, oncology, and infectious diseases to cure or prevent the underlying causes. Several immunotherapeutic agents are investigated for their beneficial potential in patients with diabetes. However, none have culminated into a successful therapy. The present comprehensive meta-analysis and systematic review covers the last two decades of historical research evaluating the Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) vaccine as an immunotherapeutic agent in diabetes, along with updated information on similar recent publications. METHOD A total of 278 articles were retrieved through literature databases, and after applying inclusion and exclusion criteria as per PRISMA guidelines, seven studies were selected for meta-analysis using Cochrane Q statistics. RESULTS Our meta-analysis revealed marginal benefits, lowering glycosylated/glycated haemoglobin (HbA1C) levels and glutamic-acid-decarboxylase (GAD) autoantibodies in BCG treated people with Type 1 Diabetes (T1D) compared to the matched control individuals. The BCG intervention found to be ineffective in regulating C-peptide (connecting peptide) and clinical remission (CR) i.e. improved glycemic regulation, though beneficial tendency was observed. CONCLUSION Our systematic review and meta-analysis revealed benefits of BCG vaccine intervention in T1D patients, including improved HbA1C and GAD autoantibody levels. However, the study has several limitations stemming from BCG vaccine-related factors and patient characteristics. Therefore, a large clinical trial with an enhanced study design is needed to validate the immunity-related benefits of the BCG vaccine for glucose metabolism in patients with T1D.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sunil B Korde
- Department of Pharmacology, STES's, Smt. Kashibai Navale College of Pharmacy, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune 411048, Maharashtra, India
| | - Smita R Pillewan
- Department of Pharmacology, STES's, Smt. Kashibai Navale College of Pharmacy, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune 411048, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sanket R Dumbre
- Department of Pharmacology, STES's, Smt. Kashibai Navale College of Pharmacy, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune 411048, Maharashtra, India
| | - Anjali R Bandgar
- Department of Pharmacology, STES's, Smt. Kashibai Navale College of Pharmacy, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune 411048, Maharashtra, India
| | - Prajakta S Shinde
- Department of Pharmacology, STES's, Smt. Kashibai Navale College of Pharmacy, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune 411048, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sunil Gairola
- Serum Institute of India Private Ltd., Pune 411028, Maharashtra, India
| | - Vandana S Nikam
- Department of Pharmacology, STES's, Smt. Kashibai Navale College of Pharmacy, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune 411048, Maharashtra, India.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Arakawa H, Inafuku M. BCG Vaccination Suppresses Glucose Intolerance Progression in High-Fat-Diet-Fed C57BL/6 Mice. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2024; 60:866. [PMID: 38929483 PMCID: PMC11205624 DOI: 10.3390/medicina60060866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Mycobacterium bovis Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine administration has been suggested to prevent glucose metabolism abnormalities and fatty liver in genetically obese ob/ob mice; however, it is not clear whether the beneficial effects of BCG are also observed in the progression of glucose intolerance induced by a high-fat diet (HFD). Therefore, the effects of BCG vaccination on changes in glucose tolerance and insulin response were investigated in HFD-fed C57BL/6 mice. Materials and Methods: We used the BCG Tokyo 172 strain to determine effects on abnormalities in glucose metabolism. For vaccination, five-week-old male mice were injected intraperitoneally with BCG and maintained on a HFD for three weeks. The mice were regularly subjected to intraperitoneal glucose tolerance and insulin tolerance tests (IGTTs and ITTs). These tests were also performed in mice transplanted with bone marrow cells from BCG-vaccinated donor mice. Results: Significant effects of BCG vaccination on blood glucose levels in the IGTTs and ITTs were observed from week 12 of the experiment. BCG vaccination significantly improved changes in fasting glucose and insulin levels, insulin resistance indexes, and glucagon-to-insulin ratios in conjunction with the HFD at the end of the experiment. Significant inhibitory effects in the IGTTs and ITTs on glucose intolerance were also observed with transplantation with bone marrow cells derived from BCG-vaccinated donor mice. Conclusions: BCG vaccination significantly delayed glucose intolerance progression, suggesting a beneficial effect of BCG on the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes. It has also been suggested that the effects of BCG vaccination may be at least partially due to an immune memory (trained immunity) for hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells of the bone marrow.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haruna Arakawa
- Faculty of Agriculture, University of the Ryukyus, Senbaru 1, Nishihara 903-0213, Japan;
| | - Masashi Inafuku
- Faculty of Agriculture, University of the Ryukyus, Senbaru 1, Nishihara 903-0213, Japan;
- The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Aniagyei W, Mohayideen S, Sarfo-Kantanka O, Bittner S, Vivekanandan MM, Arthur JF, Boateng AO, Yeboah A, Ahor HS, Asibey SO, Owusu E, Herebian D, Huttasch M, Burkart V, Wagner R, Roden M, Adankwah E, Owusu DO, Mayatepek E, Jacobsen M, Phillips RO, Seyfarth J. BCG Vaccination-Associated Lower HbA1c and Increased CD25 Expression on CD8 + T Cells in Patients with Type 1 Diabetes in Ghana. Vaccines (Basel) 2024; 12:452. [PMID: 38793703 PMCID: PMC11125916 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines12050452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Revised: 04/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
BCG vaccination affects other diseases beyond tuberculosis by unknown-potentially immunomodulatory-mechanisms. Recent studies have shown that BCG vaccination administered during overt type 1 diabetes (T1D) improved glycemic control and affected immune and metabolic parameters. Here, we comprehensively characterized Ghanaian T1D patients with or without routine neonatal BCG vaccination to identify vaccine-associated alterations. Ghanaian long-term T1D patients (n = 108) and matched healthy controls (n = 214) were evaluated for disease-related clinical, metabolic, and immunophenotypic parameters and compared based on their neonatal BCG vaccination status. The majority of study participants were BCG-vaccinated at birth and no differences in vaccination rates were detected between the study groups. Notably, glycemic control metrics, i.e., HbA1c and IDAA1c, showed significantly lower levels in BCG-vaccinated as compared to unvaccinated patients. Immunophenotype comparisons identified higher expression of the T cell activation marker CD25 on CD8+ T cells from BCG-vaccinated T1D patients. Correlation analysis identified a negative correlation between HbA1c levels and CD25 expression on CD8+ T cells. In addition, we observed fractional increases in glycolysis metabolites (phosphoenolpyruvate and 2/3-phosphoglycerate) in BCG-vaccinated T1D patients. These results suggest that neonatal BCG vaccination is associated with better glycemic control and increased activation of CD8+ T cells in T1D patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wilfred Aniagyei
- Department of General Pediatrics, Neonatology and Pediatric Cardiology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
- Kumasi Centre for Collaborative Research in Tropical Medicine (KCCR), Kumasi 00233, Ghana (A.Y.); (D.O.O.)
| | - Sumaya Mohayideen
- Kumasi Centre for Collaborative Research in Tropical Medicine (KCCR), Kumasi 00233, Ghana (A.Y.); (D.O.O.)
| | - Osei Sarfo-Kantanka
- Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital, Kumasi 00233, Ghana
- School of Medicine and Dentistry, College of Health Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology (KNUST), Kumasi 00233, Ghana
| | - Sarah Bittner
- Department of General Pediatrics, Neonatology and Pediatric Cardiology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Monika M. Vivekanandan
- Kumasi Centre for Collaborative Research in Tropical Medicine (KCCR), Kumasi 00233, Ghana (A.Y.); (D.O.O.)
| | - Joseph F. Arthur
- Kumasi Centre for Collaborative Research in Tropical Medicine (KCCR), Kumasi 00233, Ghana (A.Y.); (D.O.O.)
| | | | - Augustine Yeboah
- Kumasi Centre for Collaborative Research in Tropical Medicine (KCCR), Kumasi 00233, Ghana (A.Y.); (D.O.O.)
| | - Hubert S. Ahor
- Department of General Pediatrics, Neonatology and Pediatric Cardiology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | | | | | - Diran Herebian
- Department of General Pediatrics, Neonatology and Pediatric Cardiology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Maximilian Huttasch
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research, Partner Düsseldorf, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Volker Burkart
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research, Partner Düsseldorf, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Robert Wagner
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research, Partner Düsseldorf, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Michael Roden
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research, Partner Düsseldorf, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Ernest Adankwah
- Kumasi Centre for Collaborative Research in Tropical Medicine (KCCR), Kumasi 00233, Ghana (A.Y.); (D.O.O.)
| | - Dorcas O. Owusu
- Kumasi Centre for Collaborative Research in Tropical Medicine (KCCR), Kumasi 00233, Ghana (A.Y.); (D.O.O.)
| | - Ertan Mayatepek
- Department of General Pediatrics, Neonatology and Pediatric Cardiology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Marc Jacobsen
- Department of General Pediatrics, Neonatology and Pediatric Cardiology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Richard O. Phillips
- Kumasi Centre for Collaborative Research in Tropical Medicine (KCCR), Kumasi 00233, Ghana (A.Y.); (D.O.O.)
- School of Medicine and Dentistry, College of Health Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology (KNUST), Kumasi 00233, Ghana
| | - Julia Seyfarth
- Department of General Pediatrics, Neonatology and Pediatric Cardiology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Shrivastava S, Sharma A, Saxena N, Bhamra R, Kumar S. Addressing the preventive and therapeutic perspective of berberine against diabetes. Heliyon 2023; 9:e21233. [PMID: 38027723 PMCID: PMC10663750 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e21233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes has emerged as one the leading detrimental factors for human life expectancy worldwide. The disease is mainly considered as outcome of dysregulation in glucose metabolism, resulting in consistent high glucose concentration in blood. At initial stages, the diabetes particularly type 2 diabetes, is manageable by lifestyle interventions such as regular physical activity and diet with less carbohydrates. However, in advance stage, regular intake of external insulin dose and medicines like metformin are recommended. The long-term consumption of metformin is associated with several side effects such as nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea, lectic acidosis etc., In this scenario, several plant-based medicines have shown promising potential for the prevention and treatment of diabetes. Berberine is the bioactive compound present in the different plant parts of berberis family. Biochemical studies have shown that berberine improve insulin sensitivity and insulin secretion. Additionally, berberine induces glucose metabolism by activating AMPK signaling and inhibition of inflammation. A series of studies have demonstrated the antidiabetic potential of berberine at in vitro, pre-clinical and clinical trials. This review provides comprehensive details of preventive and therapeutic potential of berberine against diabetes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Suyesh Shrivastava
- ICMR-National Institute of Research in Tribal Health, Nagpur Road, Jabalpur-482003, India
| | - Anamika Sharma
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical and Education and Research 500037, Hyderabad, India
| | - Nishant Saxena
- ICMR-National Institute of Research in Tribal Health, Nagpur Road, Jabalpur-482003, India
| | - Rashmi Bhamra
- Global Research Institute of Pharmacy, Radour-135133, Haryana, India
| | - Sandeep Kumar
- ICMR-National Institute of Research in Tribal Health, Nagpur Road, Jabalpur-482003, India
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Pande AK, Dutta D, Singla R. Prevention of Type 1 Diabetes: Current Perspective. Indian J Endocrinol Metab 2023; 27:277-285. [PMID: 37867976 PMCID: PMC10586562 DOI: 10.4103/ijem.ijem_78_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
People living with type 1 Diabetes (T1D) and their families have poor perception of health related quality of life. Therapies for T1D are becoming better with time, but they still involve a lot of effort. Prevention of T1D, if successful, has potential to change lives of millions of families across the globe. Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease with underlying genetic predisposition for autoimmunity against beta cell antigens upon exposure to an environmental trigger. Identifying underlying primary antigen responsible for initiating autoimmune cascade, avoiding environmental trigger and modifying immunity has all been used as strategies for preventing or delaying onset of type 1 diabetes. Primary prevention for type 1 diabetes is hindered by difficulty in identifying at-risk population and also due to lack of effective preventive strategy. Secondary prevention, in children with presence of autoimmunity, has recently received a boost with approval of Teplizumab, an immunity modifying drug by its Anti-CD3 action. Application of preventive strategies would also change based on country specific incidence, prevalence and availability of health resources. In current review, an update on preventive strategies for type 1 diabetes is being discussed as well as their applicability in Indian context.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arun K Pande
- Consultant Endocrinologist, Lucknow Endocrine Diabetes and Thyroid Clinic, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Deep Dutta
- Consultant Endocrinologist, CEDAR Superspeciality Healthcare, Dwarka, New Delhi, India
| | - Rajiv Singla
- Consultant Endocrinologist, Kalpavriksh Healthcare, Dwarka, Delhi, India
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Kotwal SB, Orekondey N, Saradadevi GP, Priyadarshini N, Puppala NV, Bhushan M, Motamarry S, Kumar R, Mohannath G, Dey RJ. Multidimensional futuristic approaches to address the pandemics beyond COVID-19. Heliyon 2023; 9:e17148. [PMID: 37325452 PMCID: PMC10257889 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e17148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Globally, the impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has been enormous and unrelenting with ∼6.9 million deaths and ∼765 million infections. This review mainly focuses on the recent advances and potentially novel molecular tools for viral diagnostics and therapeutics with far-reaching implications in managing the future pandemics. In addition to briefly highlighting the existing and recent methods of viral diagnostics, we propose a couple of potentially novel non-PCR-based methods for rapid, cost-effective, and single-step detection of nucleic acids of viruses using RNA mimics of green fluorescent protein (GFP) and nuclease-based approaches. We also highlight key innovations in miniaturized Lab-on-Chip (LoC) devices, which in combination with cyber-physical systems, could serve as ideal futuristic platforms for viral diagnosis and disease management. We also discuss underexplored and underutilized antiviral strategies, including ribozyme-mediated RNA-cleaving tools for targeting viral RNA, and recent advances in plant-based platforms for rapid, low-cost, and large-scale production and oral delivery of antiviral agents/vaccines. Lastly, we propose repurposing of the existing vaccines for newer applications with a major emphasis on Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG)-based vaccine engineering.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shifa Bushra Kotwal
- Department of Biological Sciences, BITS Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Telangana 500078, India
| | - Nidhi Orekondey
- Department of Biological Sciences, BITS Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Telangana 500078, India
| | | | - Neha Priyadarshini
- Department of Biological Sciences, BITS Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Telangana 500078, India
| | - Navinchandra V Puppala
- Department of Biological Sciences, BITS Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Telangana 500078, India
| | - Mahak Bhushan
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Kolkata, West Bengal 741246, India
| | - Snehasri Motamarry
- Department of Biological Sciences, BITS Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Telangana 500078, India
| | - Rahul Kumar
- Department of Biological Sciences, BITS Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Telangana 500078, India
| | - Gireesha Mohannath
- Department of Biological Sciences, BITS Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Telangana 500078, India
| | - Ruchi Jain Dey
- Department of Biological Sciences, BITS Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Telangana 500078, India
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Jamshidi P, Danaei B, Mohammadzadeh B, Arbabi M, Nayebzade A, Sechi LA, Nasiri MJ. BCG Vaccination and the Risk of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Pathogens 2023; 12:pathogens12040581. [PMID: 37111467 PMCID: PMC10141056 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12040581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D) is an autoimmune disease characterized by progressive and irreversible autoimmune destruction of pancreatic beta cell islets, resulting in absolute insulin deficiency. To date, several epidemiologic and observational studies have evaluated the possible impact of BCG vaccination on T1D development, but the results are controversial. To elucidate this issue, we aimed to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of published cohort studies in this field. (2) Methods: A systematic search was performed for relevant studies published up to 20 September 2022 using Pubmed/Medline, Embase, and Scopus. Cohort studies, containing original information about the association between T1D and BCG vaccination, were included for further analysis. Pooled estimates and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for the risk ratio of T1D in BCG-vaccinated individuals compared to unvaccinated ones were assessed using the fixed effect model. (3) Results: Out of 630 potentially relevant articles, five cohort studies met the inclusion criteria. The total population of all included studies was 864,582. The overall pooled risk ratio of T1D development in BCG vaccinated and unvaccinated individuals was found to be 1.018 (95% CI 0.908-1.141, I2: 0%). (4) Conclusions: Our study revealed no protective or facilitative effect of prior BCG vaccination in T1D development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Parnian Jamshidi
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1985717443, Iran
- Center of Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Hazards Control, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science, Tehran 1985717443, Iran
| | - Bardia Danaei
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1985717443, Iran
| | - Benyamin Mohammadzadeh
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1985717443, Iran
| | - Mahta Arbabi
- School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1985717443, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Nayebzade
- School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1985717443, Iran
| | - Leonardo A Sechi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
- SC Microbiologia e Virologia, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Mohammad Javad Nasiri
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1985717443, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Du J, Su Y, Wang R, Dong E, Cao Y, Zhao W, Gong W. Research progress on specific and non-specific immune effects of BCG and the possibility of BCG protection against COVID-19. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1118378. [PMID: 36798128 PMCID: PMC9927227 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1118378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) is the only approved vaccine for tuberculosis (TB) prevention worldwide. BCG has an excellent protective effect on miliary tuberculosis and tuberculous meningitis in children or infants. Interestingly, a growing number of studies have shown that BCG vaccination can induce nonspecific and specific immunity to fight against other respiratory disease pathogens, including SARS-CoV-2. The continuous emergence of variants of SARS-CoV-2 makes the protective efficiency of COVID-19-specific vaccines an unprecedented challenge. Therefore, it has been hypothesized that BCG-induced trained immunity might protect against COVID-19 infection. This study comprehensively described BCG-induced nonspecific and specific immunity and the mechanism of trained immunity. In addition, this study also reviewed the research on BCG revaccination to prevent TB, the impact of BCG on other non-tuberculous diseases, and the clinical trials of BCG to prevent COVID-19 infection. These data will provide new evidence to confirm the hypotheses mentioned above.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jingli Du
- Tuberculosis Prevention and Control Key Laboratory/Beijing Key Laboratory of New Techniques of Tuberculosis Diagnosis and Treatment, Senior Department of Tuberculosis, The 8th Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yue Su
- Tuberculosis Prevention and Control Key Laboratory/Beijing Key Laboratory of New Techniques of Tuberculosis Diagnosis and Treatment, Senior Department of Tuberculosis, The 8th Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ruilan Wang
- Tuberculosis Prevention and Control Key Laboratory/Beijing Key Laboratory of New Techniques of Tuberculosis Diagnosis and Treatment, Senior Department of Tuberculosis, The 8th Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Enjun Dong
- Tuberculosis Prevention and Control Key Laboratory/Beijing Key Laboratory of New Techniques of Tuberculosis Diagnosis and Treatment, Senior Department of Tuberculosis, The 8th Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Cao
- Tuberculosis Prevention and Control Key Laboratory/Beijing Key Laboratory of New Techniques of Tuberculosis Diagnosis and Treatment, Senior Department of Tuberculosis, The 8th Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Wenjuan Zhao
- Tuberculosis Prevention and Control Key Laboratory/Beijing Key Laboratory of New Techniques of Tuberculosis Diagnosis and Treatment, Senior Department of Tuberculosis, The 8th Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Wenping Gong
- Tuberculosis Prevention and Control Key Laboratory/Beijing Key Laboratory of New Techniques of Tuberculosis Diagnosis and Treatment, Senior Department of Tuberculosis, The 8th Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Rawat BS, Kumar D, Soni V, Rosenn EH. Therapeutic Potentials of Immunometabolomic Modulations Induced by Tuberculosis Vaccination. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:vaccines10122127. [PMID: 36560537 PMCID: PMC9781011 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10122127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolomics is emerging as a promising tool to understand the effect of immunometabolism for the development of novel host-directed alternative therapies. Immunometabolism can modulate both innate and adaptive immunity in response to pathogens and vaccinations. For instance, infections can affect lipid and amino acid metabolism while vaccines can trigger bile acid and carbohydrate pathways. Metabolomics as a vaccinomics tool, can provide a broader picture of vaccine-induced biochemical changes and pave a path to potentiate the vaccine efficacy. Its integration with other systems biology tools or treatment modes can enhance the cure, response rate, and control over the emergence of drug-resistant strains. Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infection can remodel the host metabolism for its survival, while there are many biochemical pathways that the host adjusts to combat the infection. Similarly, the anti-TB vaccine, Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG), was also found to affect the host metabolic pathways thus modulating immune responses. In this review, we highlight the metabolomic schema of the anti-TB vaccine and its therapeutic applications. Rewiring of immune metabolism upon BCG vaccination induces different signaling pathways which lead to epigenetic modifications underlying trained immunity. Metabolic pathways such as glycolysis, central carbon metabolism, and cholesterol synthesis play an important role in these aspects of immunity. Trained immunity and its applications are increasing day by day and it can be used to develop the next generation of vaccines to treat various other infections and orphan diseases. Our goal is to provide fresh insight into this direction and connect various dots to develop a conceptual framework.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bhupendra Singh Rawat
- Center for Immunity and Inflammation, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103, USA
| | - Deepak Kumar
- Department of Zoology, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur 302004, Rajasthan, India
| | - Vijay Soni
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Weill Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
- Correspondence:
| | - Eric H. Rosenn
- School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Mora VP, Loaiza RA, Soto JA, Bohmwald K, Kalergis AM. Involvement of trained immunity during autoimmune responses. J Autoimmun 2022:102956. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2022.102956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
|
11
|
Xie W, Su F, Wang G, Peng Z, Xu Y, Zhang Y, Xu N, Hou K, Hu Z, Chen Y, Chen R. Glucose-lowering effect of berberine on type 2 diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1015045. [PMID: 36467075 PMCID: PMC9709280 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1015045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 09/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Insulin secretory agents are commonly used to treat type 2 diabetes. However, traditional insulin secretory agents such as sulfonylureas and glinides have side effects of hypoglycemia. In recent years, researchers have discovered that berberine can inhibit the voltage-gated k+ channels of pancreatic β cell membrane and promote insulin secretion without causing hypoglycemia, because the glucose-lowering effects of berberine are only under hyperglycemic conditions or in a high-glucose-dependent manner. In order to shed light on the glucose-lowing effects of berberine in type 2 diabetes with different baseline fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), we conducted a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Methods: We searched eight databases, which included PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library, and the Chinese databases such as Sino-Med, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang Database, and VIP Database for Chinese Technical Periodicals, for randomized controlled trials, with berberine as the intervention and patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus as subjects, published up until November 2021. We analyzed the glucose-lowing effects of berberine, including its effects on FPG, HbA1c and 2-h plasma blood glucose (2hPBG), by calculating weighted mean differences (WMD) and 95% confidence interval (CI). To assess the safety of berberine, we analyzed the incidence of total adverse events and hypoglycemia by calculating relative risk (RR) and 95% CI. Results: Thirty-seven studies involving 3,048 patients were included in the meta-analysis. The results showed that berberine could reduce FPG (WMD = -0.82 mmol/L, 95% CI (-0.95, -0.70)), HbA1c (WMD = -0.63%, 95% CI (-0.72, -0.53)), and 2hPBG (WMD = -1.16 mmol/L, 95% CI (-1.36, -0.96)), with all results being statistically significant. Subgroup analyses revealed that the glucose-lowering effect of berberine was associated with baseline mean FPG and HbA1c in type 2 diabetes. In addition, berberine alone or in combination with oral hypoglycemic agents (OHAs) in the treatment of T2DM did not significantly increase the incidence of total adverse events (RR = 0.73, 95% CI (0.55, 0.97), p = 0.03) and the risk of hypoglycemia (RR = 0.48, 95% CI (0.21, 1.08), p = 0.08). Conclusion: Berberine has a glucose-lowering effect, which is related to the baseline FPG and HbA1c levels of patients. Treatment with berberine may be safe since it does not increase the incidence of total adverse events and the risk of hypoglycemia. Systematic Review Registration: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=292975, identifier CRD42021292975.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenting Xie
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University/The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Fugui Su
- Department of Endocrinology, Suixi Country People’s Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Guizhong Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University/The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zichong Peng
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University/The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yaomin Xu
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University/The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University/The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Ningning Xu
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University/The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Kaijian Hou
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Longhu Hospital, The First Affifiliated Hospital of Medical College of Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhuping Hu
- Department of Endocrinology, Wengyuan Country People’s Hospital, Shaoguan, China
| | - Yan Chen
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Center of Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Shaoguan City, Shaoguan, Guangdong, China
| | - Rongping Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University/The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Angelidou A, Pittet LF, Faustman D, Curtis N, Levy O. BCG vaccine's off-target effects on allergic, inflammatory, and autoimmune diseases: Worth another shot? J Allergy Clin Immunol 2022; 149:51-54. [PMID: 34673049 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2021.09.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Asimenia Angelidou
- Department of Neonatology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Mass; Precision Vaccines Program, Division of Infectious Diseases, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Mass; Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass
| | - Laure F Pittet
- Infectious Diseases Research Group, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital Melbourne, Parkville, Australia; Unit of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Division of General Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, Gynecology and Obstetrics, Children's Hospital, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland; Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Denise Faustman
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass; Department of Immunobiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Mass
| | - Nigel Curtis
- Infectious Diseases Research Group, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital Melbourne, Parkville, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Ofer Levy
- Precision Vaccines Program, Division of Infectious Diseases, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Mass; Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass; Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, Mass.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Marfil-Garza BA, Hefler J, Bermudez De Leon M, Pawlick R, Dadheech N, Shapiro AMJ. Progress in Translational Regulatory T Cell Therapies for Type 1 Diabetes and Islet Transplantation. Endocr Rev 2021; 42:198-218. [PMID: 33247733 DOI: 10.1210/endrev/bnaa028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Regulatory T cells (Tregs) have become highly relevant in the pathophysiology and treatment of autoimmune diseases, such as type 1 diabetes (T1D). As these cells are known to be defective in T1D, recent efforts have explored ex vivo and in vivo Treg expansion and enhancement as a means for restoring self-tolerance in this disease. Given their capacity to also modulate alloimmune responses, studies using Treg-based therapies have recently been undertaken in transplantation. Islet transplantation provides a unique opportunity to study the critical immunological crossroads between auto- and alloimmunity. This procedure has advanced greatly in recent years, and reports of complete abrogation of severe hypoglycemia and long-term insulin independence have become increasingly reported. It is clear that cellular transplantation has the potential to be a true cure in T1D, provided the remaining barriers of cell supply and abrogated need for immune suppression can be overcome. However, the role that Tregs play in islet transplantation remains to be defined. Herein, we synthesize the progress and current state of Treg-based therapies in T1D and islet transplantation. We provide an extensive, but concise, background to understand the physiology and function of these cells and discuss the clinical evidence supporting potency and potential Treg-based therapies in the context of T1D and islet transplantation. Finally, we discuss some areas of opportunity and potential research avenues to guide effective future clinical application. This review provides a basic framework of knowledge for clinicians and researchers involved in the care of patients with T1D and islet transplantation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Joshua Hefler
- Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Mario Bermudez De Leon
- Department of Molecular Biology, Centro de Investigación Biomédica del Noreste, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon, Mexico
| | - Rena Pawlick
- Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | | | - A M James Shapiro
- Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.,Clinical Islet Transplant Program, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Sohrabi Y, Dos Santos JC, Dorenkamp M, Findeisen H, Godfrey R, Netea MG, Joosten LAB. Trained immunity as a novel approach against COVID-19 with a focus on Bacillus Calmette-Guérin vaccine: mechanisms, challenges and perspectives. Clin Transl Immunology 2020; 9:e1228. [PMID: 33363733 PMCID: PMC7755499 DOI: 10.1002/cti2.1228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Revised: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
COVID-19 is a severe health problem in many countries and has altered day-to-day life in the whole world. This infection is caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, and depending on age, sex and health status of the patient, it can present with variety of clinical symptoms such as mild infection, a very severe form or even asymptomatic course of the disease. Similarly to other viruses, innate immune response plays a vital role in protection against COVID-19. However, dysregulation of innate immunity could have a significant influence on the severity of the disease. Despite various efforts, there is no effective vaccine against the disease so far. Recent data have demonstrated that the Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine could reduce disease severity and the burden of several infectious diseases in addition to targeting its primary focus tuberculosis. There is growing evidence for the concept of beneficial non-specific boosting of immune responses by BCG or other microbial compounds termed trained immunity, which may protect against COVID-19. In this manuscript, we review data on how the development of innate immune memory due to microbial compounds specifically BCG can result in protection against SARS-CoV-2 infection. We also discuss possible mechanisms, challenges and perspectives of using innate immunity as an approach to reduce COVID-19 severity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yahya Sohrabi
- Department of Cardiology I – Coronary and Peripheral Vascular Disease, Heart FailureUniversity Hospital MünsterMünsterGermany
- Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of SciencesPragueCzech Republic
| | - Jéssica Cristina Dos Santos
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Centre of Infectious Diseases (RCI)Radboud University Medical CentreNijmegenThe Netherlands
| | - Marc Dorenkamp
- Department of Cardiology I – Coronary and Peripheral Vascular Disease, Heart FailureUniversity Hospital MünsterMünsterGermany
| | - Hannes Findeisen
- Department of Cardiology I – Coronary and Peripheral Vascular Disease, Heart FailureUniversity Hospital MünsterMünsterGermany
| | - Rinesh Godfrey
- Department of Cardiology I – Coronary and Peripheral Vascular Disease, Heart FailureUniversity Hospital MünsterMünsterGermany
| | - Mihai G Netea
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Centre of Infectious Diseases (RCI)Radboud University Medical CentreNijmegenThe Netherlands
- Department for Genomics & Immunoregulation, Life and Medical Sciences Institute (LIMES)University of BonnBonnGermany
| | - Leo AB Joosten
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Centre of Infectious Diseases (RCI)Radboud University Medical CentreNijmegenThe Netherlands
- Núcleo de Pesquisa da Faculdade da Polícia Militar (FPM) do Estado de GoiásGoiâniaBrazil
| |
Collapse
|