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Akinduti P, Obafemi YD, Isibor PO, Ishola R, Ahuekwe FE, Ayodele OA, Oduleye OS, Oziegbe O, Onagbesan OM. Antibacterial kinetics and phylogenetic analysis of Aloe vera plants. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2021.6526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Uncontrolled use of antibiotics has resulted in the emergence of resistant bacteria. It has necessitated the evaluation of antibacterial activities and phylo-diversity of Aloe vera (also called Aloe barbadensis) plants as antimicrobial agent in Nigeria. Biotyped enteric bacilli of 251 strains obtained from fecal samples of patients with various gastro-intestinal complications are profiled for antibiogram. Resistant biotypes were assayed for susceptibility to Aloe vera latex and further evaluated for time-kill kinetics and phylo-diversity. More than 30% of enteric bacilli, including Citrobacter freundii, Escherichia coli and Proteus mirabilis were resistant to cotrimoxazole, ciprofloxacin, and tetracycline respectively at MIC >16 µg/ml (p=0.004). Aloe vera latex significantly inhibited 39.5% resistant enteric biotypes with a significant average reduction of the viable count at 1xMIC and 2xMIC to less than 3.0 Log10CFU/mL after 24 hours. Flavonoids, alkaloids, terpenoids and anthraquinine in anti-enteric sap significantly correlated and regressed with antibacterial activity (p<0.05), while two of the antimicrobial Aloe vera plants showed phylogenetic relatedness with other homologous. Anti-bacteria efficacy of some Nigerian Aloe vera latex could provide alternative therapy, while its phylo-diversity and genomic profiling would offer a promising avenue for identification and development of antimicrobial agents as drug candidates for natural antibiotics.
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