Abstract
AIM: To explore the clinical, pathologic and immunohistochemical characteristics of gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs).
METHODS: The clinical, surgical, immunohistochemical and pathologic data for 138 patients with GISTs were retrospectively analyzed. The expression of CD117, CD34, SMA, Desmin and S-100 was detected using the Envision immunohistochemical method.
RESULTS: The lesion was located in the stomach in 90 cases (65.22%), in the small intestine in 36 cases (26.09%), in the colorectum in 9 cases (6.52%), and in the retroperitoneum in 3 cases (2.17%). Of 138 cases, 114 were detected as spindle type, 6 as epithelioid type, 18 as mixture type; 99 had mitotic figures ≤5/50 HPF, 24 had mitotic figures 5-10/50 HPF, 15 had mitotic figures >10/50 HPF; 97.38% were positive for CD117, 73.91% for CD34, 6.52% for SMA, 2.17% for Desmin, 2.17% for S100 (2.17%); 24 (17.39%) were benign, 39 (28.26%) had low tendency of malignancy, 33 (23.91%) had moderate tendency of malignancy, 21 (15.225%) had high tendency of malignancy, 21 (15.22%) were malignant.
CONCLUSION: GISTs have unique clinical and pathologic characteristics. CD117 detection has high specificity and sensitivity in diagnosing GISTs. Detecting CD34, SMA, Desmin, and S100 together can help diagnose GISTs. The malignancy of GISTs depends on the size, location and mitotic count of the lesion.
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