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Zhao F, Li C, Zhuang Y, Yan Y, Gao Y, Behnisch T. Apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 ( Ask1) deficiency alleviates MPP +-induced impairment of evoked dopamine release in the mouse hippocampus. Front Cell Neurosci 2024; 18:1288991. [PMID: 38414754 PMCID: PMC10896914 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2024.1288991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
The dopaminergic system is susceptible to dysfunction in numerous neurological diseases, including Parkinson's disease (PD). In addition to motor symptoms, some PD patients may experience non-motor symptoms, including cognitive and memory deficits. A possible explanation for their manifestation is a disturbed pattern of dopamine release in brain regions involved in learning and memory, such as the hippocampus. Therefore, investigating neuropathological alterations in dopamine release prior to neurodegeneration is imperative. This study aimed to characterize evoked hippocampal dopamine release and assess the impact of the neurotoxin MPP+ using a genetically encoded dopamine sensor and gene expression analysis. Additionally, considering the potential neuroprotective attributes demonstrated by apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 (Ask1) in various animal-disease-like models, the study also aimed to determine whether Ask1 knockdown restores MPP+-altered dopamine release in acute hippocampal slices. We applied variations of low- and high-frequency stimulation to evoke dopamine release within different hippocampal regions and discovered that acute application of MPP+ reduced the amount of dopamine released and hindered the recovery of dopamine release after repeated stimulation. In addition, we observed that Ask1 deficiency attenuated the detrimental effects of MPP+ on the recovery of dopamine release after repeated stimulation. RNA sequencing analysis indicated that genes associated with the synaptic pathways are involved in response to MPP+ exposure. Notably, Ask1 deficiency was found to downregulate the expression of Slc5a7, a gene encoding a sodium-dependent high-affinity choline transporter that regulates acetylcholine levels. Respective follow-up experiments indicated that Slc5a7 plays a role in Ask1 deficiency-mediated protection against MPP+ neurotoxicity. In addition, increasing acetylcholine levels using an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor could exacerbate the toxicity of MPP+. In conclusion, our data imply that the modulation of the dopamine-acetylcholine balance may be a crucial mechanism of action underlying the neuroprotective effects of Ask1 deficiency in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chuhan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yinghan Zhuang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanqin Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Thomas Behnisch
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Shulman D, Dubnov S, Zorbaz T, Madrer N, Paldor I, Bennett DA, Seshadri S, Mufson EJ, Greenberg DS, Loewenstein Y, Soreq H. Sex-specific declines in cholinergic-targeting tRNA fragments in the nucleus accumbens in Alzheimer's disease. Alzheimers Dement 2023; 19:5159-5172. [PMID: 37158312 PMCID: PMC10632545 DOI: 10.1002/alz.13095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Females with Alzheimer's disease (AD) suffer accelerated dementia and loss of cholinergic neurons compared to males, but the underlying mechanisms are unknown. Seeking causal contributors to both these phenomena, we pursued changes in transfer RNS (tRNA) fragments (tRFs) targeting cholinergic transcripts (CholinotRFs). METHODS We analyzed small RNA-sequencing (RNA-Seq) data from the nucleus accumbens (NAc) brain region which is enriched in cholinergic neurons, compared to hypothalamic or cortical tissues from AD brains; and explored small RNA expression in neuronal cell lines undergoing cholinergic differentiation. RESULTS NAc CholinotRFs of mitochondrial genome origin showed reduced levels that correlated with elevations in their predicted cholinergic-associated mRNA targets. Single-cell RNA seq from AD temporal cortices showed altered sex-specific levels of cholinergic transcripts in diverse cell types; inversely, human-originated neuroblastoma cells under cholinergic differentiation presented sex-specific CholinotRF elevations. DISCUSSION Our findings support CholinotRFs contributions to cholinergic regulation, predicting their involvement in AD sex-specific cholinergic loss and dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dana Shulman
- The Edmond & Lily Safra Center for Brain Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
- The Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
- The Rachel and Selim Benin School of Computer Science and Engineering, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
| | - Serafima Dubnov
- The Edmond & Lily Safra Center for Brain Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
- The Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
| | - Tamara Zorbaz
- The Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
| | - Nimrod Madrer
- The Edmond & Lily Safra Center for Brain Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
- The Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
| | - Iddo Paldor
- The Neurosurgery Department, Shaare Zedek Medical Center, Jerusalem 9103102, Israel
| | - David A. Bennett
- Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, 600 South Paulina, Suite 1028, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Sudha Seshadri
- UT Health Medical Arts & Research Center, San Antonio , TX 78229, USA
| | - Elliott J. Mufson
- Barrow Neurological Institute, St. Joseph's Medical Center, Phoenix, AZ, 85013, USA
| | - David S. Greenberg
- The Edmond & Lily Safra Center for Brain Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
- The Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
| | - Yonatan Loewenstein
- The Edmond & Lily Safra Center for Brain Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
- The Department of Neurobiology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
- The Department of Cognitive Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
- The Federmann Center for the Study of Rationality, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
| | - Hermona Soreq
- The Edmond & Lily Safra Center for Brain Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
- The Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
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Shulman D, Dubnov S, Zorbaz T, Madrer N, Paldor I, Bennett DA, Seshadri S, Mufson EJ, Greenberg DS, Loewenstein Y, Soreq H. Sex-specific declines in cholinergic-targeting tRNA fragments in the nucleus accumbens in Alzheimer's disease. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.02.08.527612. [PMID: 36798311 PMCID: PMC9934682 DOI: 10.1101/2023.02.08.527612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Females with Alzheimer's disease (AD) suffer accelerated dementia and loss of cholinergic neurons compared to males, but the underlying mechanisms are unknown. Seeking causal contributors to both these phenomena, we pursued changes in tRNA fragments (tRFs) targeting cholinergic transcripts (CholinotRFs). Methods We analyzed small RNA-sequencing data from the nucleus accumbens (NAc) brain region which is enriched in cholinergic neurons, compared to hypothalamic or cortical tissues from AD brains; and explored small RNA expression in neuronal cell lines undergoing cholinergic differentiation. Results NAc CholinotRFs of mitochondrial genome origin showed reduced levels that correlated with elevations in their predicted cholinergic-associated mRNA targets. Single cell RNA seq from AD temporal cortices showed altered sex-specific levels of cholinergic transcripts in diverse cell types; inversely, human-originated neuroblastoma cells under cholinergic differentiation presented sex-specific CholinotRF elevations. Discussion Our findings support CholinotRFs contributions to cholinergic regulation, predicting their involvement in AD sex-specific cholinergic loss and dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dana Shulman
- The Edmond & Lily Safra Center for Brain Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
- The Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
- The Rachel and Selim Benin School of Computer Science and Engineering, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
| | - Serafima Dubnov
- The Edmond & Lily Safra Center for Brain Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
- The Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
| | - Tamara Zorbaz
- The Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
| | - Nimrod Madrer
- The Edmond & Lily Safra Center for Brain Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
- The Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
| | - Iddo Paldor
- The Neurosurgery Department, Shaare Zedek Medical Center, Jerusalem 9103102, Israel
| | - David A. Bennett
- Rush Alzheimer’s Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, 600 South Paulina, Suite 1028, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Sudha Seshadri
- UT Health Medical Arts & Research Center, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Elliott J. Mufson
- Barrow Neurological Institute, St. Joseph’s Medical Center, Phoenix, AZ, 85013, USA
| | - David S. Greenberg
- The Edmond & Lily Safra Center for Brain Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
- The Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
| | - Yonatan Loewenstein
- The Edmond & Lily Safra Center for Brain Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
- The Department of Neurobiology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
- The Department of Cognitive Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
- The Federmann Center for the Study of Rationality, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
| | - Hermona Soreq
- The Edmond & Lily Safra Center for Brain Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
- The Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
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Agha KA, Abo-Dya NE, Issahaku AR, Agoni C, Soliman MES, Abdel-Aal EH, Abdel-Samii ZK, Ibrahim TS. Novel Sunifiram-carbamate hybrids as potential dual acetylcholinesterase inhibitor and NMDAR co-agonist: simulation-guided analogue design and pharmacological screening. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2022; 37:1241-1256. [PMID: 35484855 PMCID: PMC9067966 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2022.2068147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
An efficient method for synthesising NMDAR co-agonist Sunifiram (DM235), in addition to Sunifram-carbamate and anthranilamide hybrids, has been developed in high yields via protecting group-free stepwise unsymmetric diacylation of piperazine using N-acylbenzotiazole. Compounds 3f, 3d, and 3i exhibited promising nootropic activity by enhancing acetylecholine (ACh) release in A549 cell line. Moreover, the carbamate hybrid 3f was found to exhibit higher in vitro potency than donepezil with IC50 = 18 ± 0.2 nM, 29.9 ± 0.15 nM for 3f and donepezil, respectively. 3f was also found to effectively inhibit AChE activity in rat brain (AChE = 1.266 ng/mL) compared to tacrine (AChE = 1.137 ng/ml). An assessment of the ADMET properties revealed that compounds 3f, 3d, and 3i are drug-like and can penetrate blood-brain barrier. Findings presented here showcase highly potential cholinergic agents, with expected partial agonist activity towards glycine binding pocket of NMDAR which could lead to development and optimisation of novel nootropic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khalid A. Agha
- Department of Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Nader E. Abo-Dya
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdul Rashid Issahaku
- Molecular Bio-computation and Drug Design Laboratory, School of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Clement Agoni
- Molecular Bio-computation and Drug Design Laboratory, School of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Mahmoud E. S. Soliman
- Molecular Bio-computation and Drug Design Laboratory, School of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Eatedal H. Abdel-Aal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Zakaria K. Abdel-Samii
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Tarek S. Ibrahim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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Kui XY, Gao Y, Liu XS, Zeng J, Yang JW, Zhou LM, Liu XY, Zhang Y, Zhang YH, Pei ZJ. Comprehensive Analysis of SLC17A9 and Its Prognostic Value in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Front Oncol 2022; 12:809847. [PMID: 35957868 PMCID: PMC9357942 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.809847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Solute carrier family 17 member 9 (SLC17A9) encodes a member of a family of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the transport of small molecules. SLC17A9 is involved in the occurrence and development of various cancers, but its biological role in liver hepatocellular carcinoma (LIHC) is unclear. Methods The expression level of SLC17A9 was assessed using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database and immunohistochemistry of tumor tissues and adjacent normal liver tissues. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) and R software package performed diagnosis and prognosis. Gene Ontology/Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes functional enrichment and co-expression of SLC17A9, gene–gene interaction (GGI), and protein–protein interaction (PPI) networks were performed using R, GeneMANIA, and STRING. Western blot, real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR), immunofluorescence, colony formation, wound scratch assay, ATP production assays, and high connotation were applied to determine the effect of SLC17A9 knockdown on HEPG2 (hepatocellular liver carcinoma) cells. TIMER, GEPIA, and TCGA analyzed the relationship between SLC17A9 expression and immune cells, m6A modification, and ferroptosis. Results SLC17A9 expression in LIHC tissues was higher than in normal liver tissues (p < 0.001), and SLC17A9 was related to sex, DSS (disease-specific survival), and PFI (progression-free interval) (p = 0.015, 0.006, and 0.023). SLC17A9 expression has diagnostic (AUC: 0.812; CI: 0.770–0.854) and prognostic potential (p = 0.015) in LIHC. Gene Ontology/Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (GO/KEGG) functional enrichment analysis showed that SLC17A9 was closely related to neuronal cell body, presynapse, axonogenesis, PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. GGI showed that SLC17A9 was closely related to MYO5A. PPI showed that SLC17A9 was closely related to SLC18A3. SLC17A9 silencing inhibited HepG2 cells proliferation, migration, colony formation, and reduced their ATP level. SLC17A9 expression level was related to immune cells: B cells (r = 0.094, P = 8.06E-02), CD4+ T cells (r = 0.184, P = 5.95E-04), and macrophages (r = 0.137, P = 1.15E-02); m6A modification: HNRNPC (r = 0.220, p < 0.001), METTL3 (r = 0.180, p < 0.001), and WTAP (r = 0.130, p = 0.009); and ferroptosis: HSPA5 (r = 0.240, p < 0.001), SLC7A11 (r = 0.180, p < 0.001), and FANCD2 (r = 0.280, p < 0.001). Conclusion Our data show that SLC17A9 may influence LIHC progression. SLC17A9 expression correlates with tumor immune infiltration, m6A modification, and ferroptosis in LIHC and may have diagnostic and prognostic value in LIHC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Yan Kui
- Postgraduate Training Basement of Jinzhou Medical University, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Yan Gao
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Institute of Anesthesiology and Pain, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Xu-Sheng Liu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Institute of Anesthesiology and Pain, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Jing Zeng
- Department of Infection Control, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Jian-Wei Yang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Xiangyang Cenral Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, China
| | - Lu-Meng Zhou
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Huanggang Central Hospital, Huanggang, China
| | - Xiao-Yu Liu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Institute of Anesthesiology and Pain, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Institute of Anesthesiology and Pain, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Yao-Hua Zhang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Institute of Anesthesiology and Pain, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Zhi-Jun Pei
- Postgraduate Training Basement of Jinzhou Medical University, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Institute of Anesthesiology and Pain, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Shiyan, China
- *Correspondence: Zhi-Jun Pei,
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Calaf GM, Crispin LA, Muñoz JP, Aguayo F, Bleak TC. Muscarinic Receptors Associated with Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14092322. [PMID: 35565451 PMCID: PMC9100020 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14092322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/30/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Recently, cancer research has described the presence of the cholinergic machinery, specifically muscarinic receptors, in a wide variety of cancers due to their activation and signaling pathways associated with tumor progression and metastasis, providing a wide overview of their contribution to different cancer formation and development for new antitumor targets. This review focused on determining the molecular signatures associated with muscarinic receptors in breast and other cancers and the need for pharmacological, molecular, biochemical, technological, and clinical approaches to improve new therapeutic targets. Abstract Cancer has been considered the pathology of the century and factors such as the environment may play an important etiological role. The ability of muscarinic agonists to stimulate growth and muscarinic receptor antagonists to inhibit tumor growth has been demonstrated for breast, melanoma, lung, gastric, colon, pancreatic, ovarian, prostate, and brain cancer. This work aimed to study the correlation between epidermal growth factor receptors and cholinergic muscarinic receptors, the survival differences adjusted by the stage clinical factor, and the association between gene expression and immune infiltration level in breast, lung, stomach, colon, liver, prostate, and glioblastoma human cancers. Thus, targeting cholinergic muscarinic receptors appears to be an attractive therapeutic alternative due to the complex signaling pathways involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gloria M. Calaf
- Instituto de Alta Investigación, Universidad de Tarapacá, Arica 1000000, Chile; (L.A.C.); (J.P.M.); (T.C.B.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Leodan A. Crispin
- Instituto de Alta Investigación, Universidad de Tarapacá, Arica 1000000, Chile; (L.A.C.); (J.P.M.); (T.C.B.)
| | - Juan P. Muñoz
- Instituto de Alta Investigación, Universidad de Tarapacá, Arica 1000000, Chile; (L.A.C.); (J.P.M.); (T.C.B.)
| | - Francisco Aguayo
- Laboratorio de Oncovirología, Programa de Virología, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas (ICBM), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380000, Chile;
| | - Tammy C. Bleak
- Instituto de Alta Investigación, Universidad de Tarapacá, Arica 1000000, Chile; (L.A.C.); (J.P.M.); (T.C.B.)
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Pucci S, Zoli M, Clementi F, Gotti C. α9-Containing Nicotinic Receptors in Cancer. Front Cell Neurosci 2022; 15:805123. [PMID: 35126059 PMCID: PMC8814915 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2021.805123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors containing the α9 or the α9 and α10 subunits are expressed in various extra-neuronal tissues. Moreover, most cancer cells and tissues highly express α9-containing receptors, and a number of studies have shown that they are powerful regulators of responses that stimulate cancer processes such as proliferation, inhibition of apoptosis, and metastasis. It has also emerged that their modulation is a promising target for drug development. The aim of this review is to summarize recent data showing the involvement of these receptors in controlling the downstream signaling cascades involved in the promotion of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanna Pucci
- Institute of Neuroscience, National Research Council (CNR), Milan, Italy
- NeuroMi Milan Center for Neuroscience, University of Milano Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Michele Zoli
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, Center for Neuroscience and Neurotechnology (CfNN), University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Francesco Clementi
- Institute of Neuroscience, National Research Council (CNR), Milan, Italy
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Cecilia Gotti
- Institute of Neuroscience, National Research Council (CNR), Milan, Italy
- NeuroMi Milan Center for Neuroscience, University of Milano Bicocca, Milan, Italy
- *Correspondence: Cecilia Gotti
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Survival impact of treatment for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer. Sci Rep 2021; 11:23677. [PMID: 34880386 PMCID: PMC8654854 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-03139-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) may coexist with lung cancer, but the impact on prognosis is uncertain. Moreover, it is unclear whether pharmacological treatment for COPD improves the patient's prognosis. We retrospectively investigated patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who had received chemotherapy at Kyoto University Hospital. Coexisting COPD was diagnosed by spirometry, and the association between pharmacological treatment for COPD and overall survival (OS) was assessed. Of the 550 patients who underwent chemotherapy for advanced NSCLC between 2007 and 2014, 347 patients who underwent spirometry were analyzed. Coexisting COPD was revealed in 103 patients (COPD group). The median OS was shorter in the COPD group than the non-COPD group (10.6 vs. 16.8 months). Thirty-seven patients had received COPD treatment, and they had a significantly longer median OS than those without treatment (16.7 vs. 8.2 months). Multivariate Cox regression analysis confirmed the positive prognostic impact of COPD treatment. Additional validation analysis revealed similar results in patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). Coexisting COPD had a significant association with poor prognosis in advanced NSCLC patients if they did not have pharmacological treatment for COPD. Treatment for coexisting COPD has the potential to salvage the prognosis.
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Önder Narin G, Aydın B, Cabadak H. Studies on the role of alpha 7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in K562 cell proliferation and signaling. Mol Biol Rep 2021; 48:5045-5055. [PMID: 34143396 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-021-06498-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The results we obtained from this study gave information about the determination of alpha 7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α7-nACh) expression in human erythroleukemia cells, as well as whether it has a role in calcium release and cell proliferation in the presence of nicotinic agonist, antagonists. Determining the roles of α7 nicotinic receptors in erythroleukemia cells will also contribute to leukemia-related signal transduction studies. This study is primarily to determine the role of nicotinic agonists and antagonists in cell proliferation, α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor expression, and calcium release. The aim of this study, which is a continuation and an important part of our previous studies on the cholinergic system, has contributed to the literature on the human erythroleukemia cell signaling mechanism. Cell viability was evaluated by the trypan blue exclusion test and Bromodeoxyuridine/5-Bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU) labeling. Acetylcholine, nicotinic alpha 7 receptor antagonist methyllycaconitine citrate, and cholinergic antagonist atropine were used to determine the role of α7-nACh in K562 cell proliferation. In our experiments, the fluorescence spectrophotometer was used in Ca2+ measurements. The expression of nicotinic alpha 7 receptor was evaluated by western blot. The stimulating effect of acetylcholine in K562 cell proliferation was reversed by both the α7 nicotinic antagonist methyllycaconitine citrate and the cholinergic antagonist, atropine. Methyllycaconitine citrate inhibited K562 cell proliferation partially explained the roles of nicotinic receptors in signal transduction. While ACh caused an increase in intracellular Ca2+, methyllycaconitine citrate decreased intracellular Ca2+ level in K562 cell. The effects of nicotinic agonists and/or antagonists on erythroleukemic cells on proliferation, calcium level contributed to the interaction of nicotinic receptors with different signaling pathways. Proliferation mechanisms in erythroleukemic cells are under the control of the α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor via calcium influx and different signalling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gözde Önder Narin
- Department of Biophysics, Marmara University Institute of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Banu Aydın
- Department of Biophysics, School of Medicine, Marmara University, Başıbüyük Health Campus, Basic Medical Sciences Building, Maltepe, 34854, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Hülya Cabadak
- Department of Biophysics, School of Medicine, Marmara University, Başıbüyük Health Campus, Basic Medical Sciences Building, Maltepe, 34854, Istanbul, Turkey.
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A six-gene expression signature related to angiolymphatic invasion is associated with poor survival in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2020; 278:1199-1207. [PMID: 32691230 PMCID: PMC8519817 DOI: 10.1007/s00405-020-06214-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Purpose Angiolymphatic invasion serves as a histopathological risk factor for unfavorable survival in head and neck squamous cell carinoma. The aim of the study was to explore the molecular mechanisms characterizing angiolymphatic invasion and therefore identify a gene expression signature related to angiolymphatic invasion. Methods Gene expression analysis of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma was carried out based on clinical and whole genome expression data provided by The Cancer Genome Atlas. Results were validated in an independent cohort of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma and confirmed by immunohistochemistry staining. Results A gene expression signature consisting of six genes (SHH, SLC18A3, LCE3E, LCE2B, LCE3D and DSG-1) related to angiolymphatic invasion was identified. The gene expression profile identified a subset of patients with decreased overall survival (p = 0.02, log rank test), which was most prominent for patients with laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (p = 0.004, log rank test). Furthermore, these patients showed a significant shorter progression-free survival (p = 0.002, log rank test). By use of this gene expression signature, patients at high risk of recurrence could be identified even if morphological changes were not yet recognizable. Conclusion Angiolymphatic invasion is characterized by a distinct histopathological phenotype and specific gene expression signature. The newly identified signature might serve as a reliable predictor of outcome in laryngeal cancer and add additional benefit to histopathological evaluation. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1007/s00405-020-06214-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Kumar R, Kumar A, Nordberg A, Långström B, Darreh-Shori T. Proton pump inhibitors act with unprecedented potencies as inhibitors of the acetylcholine biosynthesizing enzyme-A plausible missing link for their association with incidence of dementia. Alzheimers Dement 2020; 16:1031-1042. [PMID: 32383816 DOI: 10.1002/alz.12113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Revised: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Several pharmacoepidemiological studies indicate that proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) significantly increase the risk of dementia. Yet, the underlying mechanism is not known. Here, we report the discovery of an unprecedented mode of action of PPIs that explains how PPIs may increase the risk of dementia. METHODS Advanced in silico docking analyses and detailed enzymological assessments were performed on PPIs against the core-cholinergic enzyme, choline-acetyltransferase (ChAT), responsible for biosynthesis of acetylcholine (ACh). RESULTS This report shows compelling evidence that PPIs act as inhibitors of ChAT, with high selectivity and unprecedented potencies that lie far below their in vivo plasma and brain concentrations. DISCUSSION Given that accumulating evidence points at cholinergic dysfunction as a driving force of major dementia disorders, our findings mechanistically explain how prolonged use of PPIs may increase incidence of dementia. This call for restrictions for prolonged use of PPIs in elderly, and in patients with dementia or amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajnish Kumar
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Amit Kumar
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Agneta Nordberg
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Bengt Långström
- Department of Chemistry, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Taher Darreh-Shori
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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Sha JY, Zhou YD, Yang JY, Leng J, Li JH, Hu JN, Liu W, Jiang S, Wang YP, Chen C, Li W. Maltol (3-Hydroxy-2-methyl-4-pyrone) Slows d-Galactose-Induced Brain Aging Process by Damping the Nrf2/HO-1-Mediated Oxidative Stress in Mice. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:10342-10351. [PMID: 31461273 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b04614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Maltol, a maillard reaction product from ginseng (Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer), has been confirmed to inhibit oxidative stress in several animal models. Its beneficial effect on oxidative stress related brain aging is still unclear. In this study, the mouse model of d-galactose (d-Gal)-induced brain aging was employed to investigate the therapeutic effects and potential mechanisms of maltol. Maltol treatment significantly restored memory impairment in mice as determined by the Morris water maze tests. Long-term d-Gal treatment reduced expression of cholinergic regulators, i.e., the cholineacetyltransferase (ChAT) (0.456 ± 0.10 vs 0.211 ± 0.03 U/mg prot), the acetylcholinesterase (AChE) (36.4 ± 5.21 vs 66.5 ± 9.96 U/g). Maltol treatment prevented the reduction of ChAT and AChE in the hippocampus. Maltol decreased oxidative stress levels by reducing levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA) production in the brain and by elevating antioxidative enzymes. Furthermore, maltol treatment minimized oxidative stress by increasing the phosphorylation levels of phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K), protein kinase B (Akt), nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), and hemeoxygenase-1 (HO-1). The above results clearly indicate that supplementation of maltol diminishes d-Gal-induced behavioral dysfunction and neurological deficits via activation of the PI3K/Akt-mediated Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway in brain. Maltol might become a potential drug to slow the brain aging process and stimulate endogenous antioxidant defense capacity. This study provides the novel evidence that maltol may slow age-associated brain aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Yue Sha
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials , Jilin Agricultural University , Changchun 130118 , China
| | - Yan-Dan Zhou
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials , Jilin Agricultural University , Changchun 130118 , China
| | - Jia-Yu Yang
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials , Jilin Agricultural University , Changchun 130118 , China
| | - Jing Leng
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials , Jilin Agricultural University , Changchun 130118 , China
| | - Jian-Hao Li
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials , Jilin Agricultural University , Changchun 130118 , China
| | - Jun-Nan Hu
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials , Jilin Agricultural University , Changchun 130118 , China
| | - Wei Liu
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials , Jilin Agricultural University , Changchun 130118 , China
| | - Shuang Jiang
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials , Jilin Agricultural University , Changchun 130118 , China
| | - Ying-Ping Wang
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials , Jilin Agricultural University , Changchun 130118 , China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Ginseng Breeding and Development , Changchun 130118 , China
| | - Chen Chen
- School of Biomedical Sciences , The University of Queensland , Brisbane 4072 , Australia
| | - Wei Li
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials , Jilin Agricultural University , Changchun 130118 , China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Ginseng Breeding and Development , Changchun 130118 , China
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Abstract
The neurotransmitter acetylcholine (ACh) acts as an autocrine growth factor for human lung cancer. Several lines of evidence show that lung cancer cells express all of the proteins required for the uptake of choline (choline transporter 1, choline transporter-like proteins) synthesis of ACh (choline acetyltransferase, carnitine acetyltransferase), transport of ACh (vesicular acetylcholine transport, OCTs, OCTNs) and degradation of ACh (acetylcholinesterase, butyrylcholinesterase). The released ACh binds back to nicotinic (nAChRs) and muscarinic receptors on lung cancer cells to accelerate their proliferation, migration and invasion. Out of all components of the cholinergic pathway, the nAChR-signaling has been studied the most intensely. The reason for this trend is due to genome-wide data studies showing that nicotinic receptor subtypes are involved in lung cancer risk, the relationship between cigarette smoke and lung cancer risk as well as the rising popularity of electronic cigarettes considered by many as a "safe" alternative to smoking. There are a small number of articles which review the contribution of the other cholinergic proteins in the pathophysiology of lung cancer. The primary objective of this review article is to discuss the function of the acetylcholine-signaling proteins in the progression of lung cancer. The investigation of the role of cholinergic network in lung cancer will pave the way to novel molecular targets and drugs in this lethal malignancy.
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Nicotine induces H9C2 cell apoptosis via Akt protein degradation. Mol Med Rep 2017; 16:6269-6275. [DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.7331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2016] [Accepted: 05/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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Expression patterns for nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subunit genes in smoking-related lung cancers. Oncotarget 2017; 8:67878-67890. [PMID: 28978081 PMCID: PMC5620221 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.18948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2017] [Accepted: 06/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Cigarette smoking is associated with increased risk for all histologic types of lung cancer, but why the strength of this association is stronger for squamous cell carcinoma than adenocarcinoma of the lung (SQC-L, ADC-L) is not fully understood. Because nicotine and tobacco-specific nitrosamines contribute to carcinogenesis by activating nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) on lung tumors and epithelial cells, we investigated whether differential expression of nAChR subtypes in these tumors could explain their different association with smoking. Expression of nAChR subunit genes in paired tumor and non-tumor lung specimens from 40 SQC-L and 38 ADC-L patients was analyzed by quantitative PCR. Compared to normal lung, both tumors share: i) transcriptional dysregulation of CHRNA3/CHRNA5/CHRNB4 (α3, α5, β4 subunits) at the chromosomal locus that predisposes to lung cancer; and ii) decreased expression of CHRFAM7A (dupα7 subunit); this last subunit negatively modulates α7-nAChR activity in oocytes. In contrast, CHRNA7 (α7 subunit) expression was increased in SQC-L, particularly in smokers and non-survivors, while CHRNA4 (α4 subunit) expression was decreased in ADC-L. Thus, over-representation of cancer-stimulating α7-nAChR in SQC-L, also potentiated by smoking, and under-representation of cancer-inhibiting α4β2-nAChR in ADC-L could explain the different tobacco influences on the tumorigenic process in each cancer type.
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Friedman JR, Perry HE, Brown KC, Gao Y, Lin J, Stevenson CD, Hurley JD, Nolan NA, Akers AT, Chen YC, Denning KL, Brown LG, Dasgupta P. Capsaicin synergizes with camptothecin to induce increased apoptosis in human small cell lung cancers via the calpain pathway. Biochem Pharmacol 2017; 129:54-66. [PMID: 28104436 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2017.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2016] [Accepted: 01/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is characterized by excellent initial response to chemotherapy and radiation therapy with a majority of the patients showing tumor shrinkage and even remission. However, the challenge with SCLC therapy is that patients inevitably relapse and subsequently do not respond to the first line treatment. Recent clinical studies have investigated the possibility of camptothecin-based combination therapy as first line treatment for SCLC patients. Conventionally, camptothecin is used for recurrent SCLC and has poor survival outcomes. Therefore, drugs which can improve the therapeutic index of camptothecin should be valuable for SCLC therapy. Extensive evidence shows that nutritional compounds like capsaicin (the spicy compound of chili peppers) can improve the anti-cancer activity of chemotherapeutic drugs in both cell lines and animal models. Statistical analysis shows that capsaicin synergizes with camptothecin to enhance apoptosis of human SCLC cells. The synergistic activity of camptothecin and capsaicin is observed in both classical and variant SCLC cell lines and, in vivo, in human SCLC tumors xenotransplanted on chicken chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) models. The synergistic activity of capsaicin and camptothecin are mediated by elevation of intracellular calcium and the calpain pathway. Our data foster hope for novel nutrition based combination therapies in SCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamie R Friedman
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, WV 25755, United States
| | - Haley E Perry
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, WV 25755, United States
| | - Kathleen C Brown
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, WV 25755, United States
| | - Ying Gao
- Department of Biology, Alderson Broaddus University, Philippi, WV 26416, United States
| | - Ju Lin
- Department of Biology, Alderson Broaddus University, Philippi, WV 26416, United States
| | - Cathyrn D Stevenson
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, WV 25755, United States
| | - John D Hurley
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, WV 25755, United States
| | - Nicholas A Nolan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, WV 25755, United States
| | - Austin T Akers
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, WV 25755, United States
| | - Yi Charlie Chen
- Department of Biology, Alderson Broaddus University, Philippi, WV 26416, United States
| | - Krista L Denning
- Department of Pathology, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, WV 25755, United States
| | - Linda G Brown
- Department of Pathology, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, WV 25755, United States
| | - Piyali Dasgupta
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, WV 25755, United States.
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17
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Shao JX, Wang B, Yao YN, Pan ZJ, Shen Q, Zhou JY. Autonomic nervous infiltration positively correlates with pathological risk grading and poor prognosis in patients with lung adenocarcinoma. Thorac Cancer 2016; 7:588-598. [PMID: 27766778 PMCID: PMC5193011 DOI: 10.1111/1759-7714.12374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2016] [Accepted: 05/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Perineural invasion has been found in several types of human tumors, and is associated with poor prognosis; however, few studies have examined perineural invasion in lung cancer. We evaluated the relationship between autonomic nervous densities, pathological risk grading, and prognosis in patients with lung adenocarcinoma (LADC). Methods Neural fiber expression was examined by immunofluorescence in resected lung specimens in control patients (n = 30), and low‐risk (n = 22), and high‐risk LADC patients (n = 43). The nerve densities of normal lung tissue and abnormal lung tissues in the tumor and surrounding tissues were evaluated by a semi‐quantitative score method. Results Increased sympathetic fibers mainly infiltrated the paratumoral area, while increased parasympathetic fibers were largely restricted to the tumor (paratumor vs. tumor, P = 0.000 in high, P = 0.034 in low; each). In addition, high‐risk patients presented the highest density of neural fibers, followed by low‐risk and control patients (P = 0.000; each). In Kaplan–Meier survival analysis, the densities of sympathetic fibers in paratumoral tissue and parasympathetic fibers in the tumor, respectively, correlated with poor recurrence‐free survival in patients who were not treated with adjuvant therapy (P < 0.001; each). Further multivariate analysis showed that these two factors were associated with poor prognosis in all LADC patients (P = 0.024 sympathetic fibers; P = 0.037 parasympathetic fibers). Conclusion These findings reveal a positive correlation between nervous infiltration and risk of poor prognosis in patients with LADC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Xin Shao
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, School of Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Bo Wang
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yi-Nan Yao
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, School of Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhi-Jie Pan
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, School of Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qian Shen
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, School of Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jian-Ying Zhou
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, School of Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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18
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Roy A, Dakroub M, Tezini GCSV, Liu Y, Guatimosim S, Feng Q, Salgado HC, Prado VF, Prado MAM, Gros R. Cardiac acetylcholine inhibits ventricular remodeling and dysfunction under pathologic conditions. FASEB J 2015; 30:688-701. [PMID: 26481308 DOI: 10.1096/fj.15-277046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2015] [Accepted: 09/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Autonomic dysfunction is a characteristic of cardiac disease and decreased vagal activity is observed in heart failure. Rodent cardiomyocytes produce de novo ACh, which is critical in maintaining cardiac homeostasis. We report that this nonneuronal cholinergic system is also found in human cardiomyocytes, which expressed choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) and the vesicular acetylcholine transporter (VAChT). Furthermore, VAChT expression was increased 3- and 1.5-fold at the mRNA and protein level, respectively, in ventricular tissue from patients with heart failure, suggesting increased ACh secretion in disease. We used mice with genetic deletion of cardiomyocyte-specific VAChT or ChAT and mice overexpressing VAChT to test the functional significance of cholinergic signaling. Mice deficient for VAChT displayed an 8% decrease in fractional shortening and 13% decrease in ejection fraction compared with angiotensin II (Ang II)-treated control animals, suggesting enhanced ventricular dysfunction and pathologic remodeling in response to Ang II. Similar results were observed in ChAT-deficient mice. Conversely, no decline in ventricular function was observed in Ang II-treated VAChT overexpressors. Furthermore, the fibrotic area was significantly greater (P < 0.05) in Ang II-treated VAChT-deficient mice (3.61 ± 0.64%) compared with wild-type animals (2.24 ± 0.11%). In contrast, VAChT overexpressing mice did not display an increase in collagen deposition. Our results provide new insight into cholinergic regulation of cardiac function, suggesting that a compensatory increase in cardiomyocyte VAChT levels may help offset cardiac remodeling in heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashbeel Roy
- *Robarts Research Institute, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, and Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada; Department of Physiology, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil; and Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Mouhamed Dakroub
- *Robarts Research Institute, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, and Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada; Department of Physiology, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil; and Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Geisa C S V Tezini
- *Robarts Research Institute, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, and Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada; Department of Physiology, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil; and Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Yin Liu
- *Robarts Research Institute, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, and Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada; Department of Physiology, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil; and Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Silvia Guatimosim
- *Robarts Research Institute, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, and Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada; Department of Physiology, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil; and Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Qingping Feng
- *Robarts Research Institute, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, and Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada; Department of Physiology, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil; and Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Helio C Salgado
- *Robarts Research Institute, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, and Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada; Department of Physiology, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil; and Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Vania F Prado
- *Robarts Research Institute, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, and Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada; Department of Physiology, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil; and Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Marco A M Prado
- *Robarts Research Institute, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, and Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada; Department of Physiology, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil; and Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Robert Gros
- *Robarts Research Institute, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, and Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada; Department of Physiology, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil; and Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
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Chernyavsky AI, Shchepotin IB, Grando SA. Mechanisms of growth-promoting and tumor-protecting effects of epithelial nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. Int Immunopharmacol 2015; 29:36-44. [PMID: 26071223 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2015.05.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2015] [Revised: 05/19/2015] [Accepted: 05/19/2015] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Although the role of nicotine as a carcinogen is debatable, it is widely accepted that it contributes to cancer by promoting growth and survival of mutated cell clones and protecting them from the chemo- and radiotherapy-induced apoptosis. On the cell membrane (cm), the nicotinic acetylcholine (ACh) receptors (nAChRs) implement upregulation of proliferative and survival genes. Nicotine also can permeate cells and activate mitochondrial (mt)-nAChRs coupled to inhibition of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) opening, thus preventing apoptosis. In this study, we sought to pin down principal mechanisms mediating the tumor-promoting activities of nicotine resulting from activation of cm- and mt-nAChRs in oral and lung cancer cells, SCC25 and SW900, respectively. Activated cm-nAChRs were found to form complexes with receptors for EGF and VEGEF via the α7 and β2 nAChR subunits, respectively, whereas activated mt-nAChRs physically associated with the intramitochondrial protein kinases PI3K and Src via the α7 and β4 subunits. This was associated with upregulated expression of cyclin D1/activation of ERK1/2 and inhibition of mPTP opening, respectively, as well as upregulated proliferation and resistance to H(2)O(2)-induced apoptosis. The molecular synergy between cm-nAChRs and growth factor receptors helps explain how one biological mediator, such as ACh, can modulate activity of the other, such as a growth factor, and vice versa. Establishment of functional coupling of mt-nAChRs to regulation of mPTP opening provides a novel mechanism of nicotine-dependent protection from cell death. Further elucidation of this novel mechanism of tumor-promoting activities of nicotine should have a strong translational impact, because extraneuronal nAChRs may provide a novel molecular target to prevent, reverse, or retard progression of both nicotine-related and unrelated cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sergei A Grando
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA; Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA; Cancer Center and Research Institute, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA.
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Chernyavsky AI, Shchepotin IB, Galitovkiy V, Grando SA. Mechanisms of tumor-promoting activities of nicotine in lung cancer: synergistic effects of cell membrane and mitochondrial nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. BMC Cancer 2015; 15:152. [PMID: 25885699 PMCID: PMC4369089 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-015-1158-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2014] [Accepted: 03/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background One of the major controversies of contemporary medicine is created by an increased consumption of nicotine and growing evidence of its connection to cancer, which urges elucidation of the molecular mechanisms of oncogenic effects of inhaled nicotine. Current research indicates that nicotinergic regulation of cell survival and death is more complex than originally thought, because it involves signals emanating from both cell membrane (cm)- and mitochondrial (mt)-nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs). In this study, we elaborated on the novel concept linking cm-nAChRs to growth promotion of lung cancer cells through cooperation with the growth factor signaling, and mt-nAChRs — to inhibition of intrinsic apoptosis through prevention of opening of mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP). Methods Experiments were performed with normal human lobar bronchial epithelial cells, the lung squamous cell carcinoma line SW900, and intact and NNK-transformed immortalized human bronchial cell line BEP2D. Results We demonstrated that the growth-promoting effect of nicotine mediated by activation of α7 cm-nAChR synergizes mainly with that of epidermal growth factor (EGF), α3 — vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), α4 — insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) and VEGF, whereas α9 with EGF, IGF-I and VEGF. We also established the ligand-binding abilities of mt-nAChRs and demonstrated that quantity of the mt-nAChRs coupled to inhibition of mPTP opening increases upon malignant transformation. Conclusions These results indicated that the biological sum of simultaneous activation of cm- and mt-nAChRs produces a combination of growth-promoting and anti-apoptotic signals that implement the tumor-promoting action of nicotine on lung cells. Therefore, nAChRs may be a promising molecular target to arrest lung cancer progression and re-open mitochondrial apoptotic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex I Chernyavsky
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, 134 Sprague Hall, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA.
| | | | - Valentin Galitovkiy
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, 134 Sprague Hall, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA.
| | - Sergei A Grando
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, 134 Sprague Hall, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA. .,Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, 134 Sprague Hall, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA. .,Cancer Center and Research Institute, University of California, 134 Sprague Hall, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA.
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21
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Lau JK, Brown KC, Dom AM, Witte TR, Thornhill BA, Crabtree CM, Perry HE, Brown JM, Ball JG, Creel RG, Damron CL, Rollyson WD, Stevenson CD, Hardman WE, Valentovic MA, Carpenter AB, Dasgupta P. Capsaicin induces apoptosis in human small cell lung cancer via the TRPV6 receptor and the calpain pathway. Apoptosis 2015; 19:1190-201. [PMID: 24878626 DOI: 10.1007/s10495-014-1007-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Capsaicin, the pungent ingredient of chili peppers, displays potent anti-neoplastic activity in a wide array of human cancer cells. The present manuscript examines the signaling pathways underlying the apoptotic activity of capsaicin in human small cell lung cancer (SCLC) in vitro and in vivo. Studies in neuronal cells show that capsaicin exerts its biological activity via the transient receptor potential vanilloid (TRPV) superfamily of cation-channel receptors. The TRPV family is comprised of six members (TRPV1-6). Capsaicin is a known agonist of the TRPV1 receptor. We observed that capsaicin-induced apoptosis in human SCLC cells was mediated via the TRPV receptor family; however it was independent of TRPV1. Surprisingly, the apoptotic activity of capsaicin required the TRPV6 receptor. Depletion of TRPV6 receptor by siRNA methodology abolished the apoptotic activity of capsaicin in SCLC cells. Immunostaining and ELISA showed that TRPV6 receptor was robustly expressed on human SCLC tissues (from patients) and SCLC cell lines but almost absent in normal lung tissues. This correlates with our results that capsaicin induced very little apoptosis in normal lung epithelial cells. The pro-apoptotic activity of capsaicin was mediated by the intracellular calcium and calpain pathway. The treatment of human SCLC cells with capsaicin increased the activity of calpain 1 and 2 by threefold relative to untreated SCLC cells. Such calpain activation, in response to capsaicin, was downstream of the TRPV6 receptor. Taken together, our data provide insights into the mechanism underlying the apoptotic activity of capsaicin in human SCLCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamie K Lau
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology and Toxicology, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, WV, USA
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Shi HB, Tang B, Liu YW, Wang XF, Chen GJ. Alzheimer disease and cancer risk: a meta-analysis. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2014; 141:485-94. [DOI: 10.1007/s00432-014-1773-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2014] [Accepted: 06/30/2014] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Abstract
This Opinion article discusses emerging evidence of direct contributions of nicotine to cancer onset and growth. The list of cancers reportedly connected to nicotine is expanding and presently includes small-cell and non-small-cell lung carcinomas, as well as head and neck, gastric, pancreatic, gallbladder, liver, colon, breast, cervical, urinary bladder and kidney cancers. The mutagenic and tumour-promoting activities of nicotine may result from its ability to damage the genome, disrupt cellular metabolic processes, and facilitate growth and spreading of transformed cells. The nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs), which are activated by nicotine, can activate several signalling pathways that can have tumorigenic effects, and these receptors might be able to be targeted for cancer therapy or prevention. There is also growing evidence that the unique genetic makeup of an individual, such as polymorphisms in genes encoding nAChR subunits, might influence the susceptibility of that individual to the pathobiological effects of nicotine. The emerging knowledge about the carcinogenic mechanisms of nicotine action should be considered during the evaluation of regulations on nicotine product manufacturing, distribution and marketing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergei A Grando
- Departments of Dermatology and Biological Chemistry, and Cancer Center and Research Institute, University of California, Irvine, California 92782, USA
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Hahn SS, Tang Q, Zheng F, Zhao S, Wu J. GW1929 inhibits α7 nAChR expression through PPARγ-independent activation of p38 MAPK and inactivation of PI3-K/mTOR: The role of Egr-1. Cell Signal 2014; 26:730-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2013.12.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2013] [Accepted: 12/29/2013] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Abstract
Cigarette smoking is the leading risk factor for the development of lung cancer. It is estimated that smoking is associated with 80-90% of lung cancer cases throughout the world (see References 1 and 2). The addictive component of cigarette smoke is nicotine. Our published data shows that nicotine promotes the production of acetylcholine (ACh) in human bronchioalveolar carcinoma cells (BACs) (Lau et al., 2013). ACh functions as a growth factor in human BACs. The following protocol is based on a published protocol by (Song et al., 2003), with some modifications (Lau et al., 2013; Song et al., 2008; Song et al., 2003; Sekhon et al., 2003). An important point to remember is that fetal bovine serum (FBS) contains a high amount of acetylcholine (ACh). Therefore, cells must be cultured in serum-free medium to measure ACh in the culture supernatant. Two aliquots of the culture supernatant are used for analysis. This protocol measures the total choline in the cell supernatent under two conditions: 1) After treatment with acetylcholinesterase (AChE), which converts the ACh to choline (also called the total choline sample) and 2) after measuring the amount of free choline in the sample. The concentration of ACh in the sample calculated by subtracting the free choline from the total choline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamie K Lau
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, and Toxicology, Marshall University, Huntington, USA
| | - Kathleen C Brown
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, and Toxicology, Marshall University, Huntington, USA
| | - Piyali Dasgupta
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, and Toxicology, Marshall University, Huntington, USA
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Roy A, Fields WC, Rocha-Resende C, Resende RR, Guatimosim S, Prado VF, Gros R, Prado MAM. Cardiomyocyte-secreted acetylcholine is required for maintenance of homeostasis in the heart. FASEB J 2013; 27:5072-82. [PMID: 24018063 DOI: 10.1096/fj.13-238279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Heart activity and long-term function are regulated by the sympathetic and parasympathetic branches of the nervous system. Parasympathetic neurons have received increased attention recently because acetylcholine (ACh) has been shown to play protective roles in heart disease. However, parasympathetic innervation is sparse in the heart, raising the question of how cholinergic signaling regulates cardiomyocytes. We hypothesized that non-neuronal secretion of ACh from cardiomyocytes plays a role in cholinergic regulation of cardiac activity. To test this possibility, we eliminated secretion of ACh exclusively from cardiomyocytes by targeting the vesicular acetylcholine transporter (VAChT). We find that lack of cardiomyocyte-secreted ACh disturbs the regulation of cardiac activity and causes cardiomyocyte remodeling. Mutant mice present normal hemodynamic parameters under nonstressful conditions; however, following exercise, their heart rate response is increased. Moreover, hearts from mutant mice present increased oxidative stress, altered calcium signaling, remodeling, and hypertrophy. Hence, without cardiomyocyte-derived ACh secretion, hearts from mutant mice show signs of imbalanced autonomic activity consistent with decreased cholinergic drive. These unexpected results suggest that cardiomyocyte-derived ACh is required for maintenance of cardiac homeostasis and regulates critical signaling pathways necessary to maintain normal heart activity. We propose that this non-neuronal source of ACh boosts parasympathetic cholinergic signaling to counterbalance sympathetic activity regulating multiple aspects of heart physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashbeel Roy
- 1Robarts Research Institute, 100 Perth Dr., London, Ontario, N6A 5K8, Canada. M.A.M.P.,
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APS8, a polymeric alkylpyridinium salt blocks α7 nAChR and induces apoptosis in non-small cell lung carcinoma. Mar Drugs 2013; 11:2574-94. [PMID: 23880932 PMCID: PMC3736439 DOI: 10.3390/md11072574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2013] [Revised: 06/17/2013] [Accepted: 06/25/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Naturally occurring 3-alkylpyridinium polymers (poly-APS) from the marine sponge Reniera sarai, consisting of monomers containing polar pyridinium and nonpolar alkyl chain moieties, have been demonstrated to exert a wide range of biological activities, including a selective cytotoxicity against non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells. APS8, an analog of poly-APS with defined alkyl chain length and molecular size, non-competitively inhibits α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) at nanomolar concentrations that are too low to be acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitory or generally cytotoxic. In the present study we show that APS8 inhibits NSCLC tumor cell growth and activates apoptotic pathways. APS8 was not toxic for normal lung fibroblasts. Furthermore, in NSCLC cells, APS8 reduced the adverse anti-apoptotic, proliferative effects of nicotine. Our results suggest that APS8 or similar compounds might be considered as lead compounds to develop antitumor therapeutic agents for at least certain types of lung cancer.
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