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Zhong S, Yang W, Zhang Z, Xie Y, Pan L, Ren J, Ren F, Li Y, Xie H, Chen H, Deng D, Lu J, Li H, Wu B, Chen Y, Peng F, Puduvalli VK, Sai K, Li Y, Cheng Y, Mou Y. Association between viral infections and glioma risk: a two-sample bidirectional Mendelian randomization analysis. BMC Med 2023; 21:487. [PMID: 38053181 PMCID: PMC10698979 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-023-03142-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glioma is one of the leading types of brain tumor, but few etiologic factors of primary glioma have been identified. Previous observational research has shown an association between viral infection and glioma risk. In this study, we used Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to explore the direction and magnitude of the causal relationship between viral infection and glioma. METHODS We conducted a two-sample bidirectional MR analysis using genome-wide association study (GWAS) data. Summary statistics data of glioma were collected from the largest meta-analysis GWAS, involving 12,488 cases and 18,169 controls. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with exposures were used as instrumental variables to estimate the causal relationship between glioma and twelve types of viral infections from corresponding GWAS data. In addition, sensitivity analyses were performed. RESULTS After correcting for multiple tests and sensitivity analysis, we detected that genetically predicted herpes zoster (caused by Varicella zoster virus (VZV) infection) significantly decreased risk of low-grade glioma (LGG) development (OR = 0.85, 95% CI: 0.76-0.96, P = 0.01, FDR = 0.04). No causal effects of the other eleven viral infections on glioma and reverse causality were detected. CONCLUSIONS This is one of the first and largest studies in this field. We show robust evidence supporting that genetically predicted herpes zoster caused by VZV infection reduces risk of LGG. The findings of our research advance understanding of the etiology of glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenzhuo Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiyun Zhang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yangyiran Xie
- Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, 1161 21St Ave S # D3300, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Lin Pan
- Clinical College, Jilin University, Street Xinmin 828, Changchun, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiaxin Ren
- Stroke Center, Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Chang Chun, People's Republic of China
| | - Fei Ren
- Clinical College, Jilin University, Street Xinmin 828, Changchun, People's Republic of China
| | - Yifan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China
| | - Haoqun Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongyu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China
| | - Davy Deng
- Dana Farber Cancer Institute, 450 Brookline Ave, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Jie Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Li
- Stroke Center, Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Chang Chun, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Wu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Hospital of Jilin University, No.71, Street Xinmin Road, Chaoyang District, Changchun, Jilin, People's Republic of China
| | - Youqi Chen
- Clinical College, Jilin University, Street Xinmin 828, Changchun, People's Republic of China
| | - Fei Peng
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Vinay K Puduvalli
- Department of Neuro-Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China
| | - Ke Sai
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yunqian Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ye Cheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yonggao Mou
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China.
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Howell AE, Relton C, Martin RM, Zheng J, Kurian KM. Role of DNA methylation in the relationship between glioma risk factors and glioma incidence: a two-step Mendelian randomization study. Sci Rep 2023; 13:6590. [PMID: 37085538 PMCID: PMC10121678 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-33621-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Genetic evidence suggests glioma risk is altered by leukocyte telomere length, allergic disease (asthma, hay fever or eczema), alcohol consumption, childhood obesity, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLc) and triglyceride levels. DNA methylation (DNAm) variation influences many of these glioma-related traits and is an established feature of glioma. Yet the causal relationship between DNAm variation with both glioma incidence and glioma risk factors is unknown. We applied a two-step Mendelian randomization (MR) approach and several sensitivity analyses (including colocalization and Steiger filtering) to assess the association of DNAm with glioma risk factors and glioma incidence. We used data from a recently published catalogue of germline genetic variants robustly associated with DNAm variation in blood (32,851 participants) and data from a genome-wide association study of glioma risk (12,488 cases and 18,169 controls, sub-divided into 6191 glioblastoma cases and 6305 non-glioblastoma cases). MR evidence indicated that DNAm at 3 CpG sites (cg01561092, cg05926943, cg01584448) in one genomic region (HEATR3) had a putative association with glioma and glioblastoma risk (False discovery rate [FDR] < 0.05). Steiger filtering provided evidence against reverse causation. Colocalization presented evidence against genetic confounding and suggested that differential DNAm at the 3 CpG sites and glioma were driven by the same genetic variant. MR provided little evidence to suggest that DNAm acts as a mediator on the causal pathway between risk factors previously examined and glioma onset. To our knowledge, this is the first study to use MR to appraise the causal link of DNAm with glioma risk factors and glioma onset. Subsequent analyses are required to improve the robustness of our results and rule out horizontal pleiotropy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy E Howell
- Brain Tumour Research Centre, Institute of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Caroline Relton
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU), Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Oakfield House, Oakfield Grove, Bristol, BS8 2BN, UK
| | - Richard M Martin
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU), Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Oakfield House, Oakfield Grove, Bristol, BS8 2BN, UK
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Bristol Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Foundation Trust and University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Jie Zheng
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU), Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Oakfield House, Oakfield Grove, Bristol, BS8 2BN, UK.
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
- Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai National Center for Translational Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Kathreena M Kurian
- Brain Tumour Research Centre, Institute of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.
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3
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Nie X, Shang J, Wang W. TERT genetic polymorphism rs2736100 is associated with an aggressive manifestation of papillary thyroid carcinoma. Front Surg 2023; 9:1019180. [PMID: 36704521 PMCID: PMC9871626 DOI: 10.3389/fsurg.2022.1019180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives TERT rs2736100 genetic polymorphism is commonly found in human malignancies, indicating its key role in cancer cell transformation. The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of the functional TERT rs2736100 genetic polymorphism on the outcomes of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) patients. Materials and methods We performed a retrospective study on the relationship between rs2736100 and clinicopathological outcomes of PTC in 500 patients (378 females and 122 males) aged 43.8 ± 11.4 years (range 15-74 years) with a median follow-up of 60 months (range, 1-455 months). Results TERT rs2736100 genetic polymorphism (TG/GG vs. TT) was significantly associated with several high-risk clinicopathological features such as tumor spread, extrathyroidal extension, central/lateral lymph node metastases, and Stage T III or IV disease. However, in Kaplan-Meier survival analyses, the rs2736100 mutation was unrelated to overall disease-free survival with a log-rank value of p > 0.05. In Cox-regression analyses, the overall survival rate of recurrence/neo-metastasis was related to a larger tumor size, younger age, and tumor spread but unrelated to the rs2736100 mutation. Conclusions and significance TERT rs2736100 genetic polymorphism mutation is more likely to manifest with aggressive clinicopathological characteristics but cannot worsen prognosis in PTC.
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Wefel JS, Zhou R, Sulman EP, Boehling NS, Armstrong GN, Tsavachidis S, Liang FW, Etzel CJ, Kahalley LS, Small BJ, Scheurer ME, Bondy ML, Liu Y. Genetic modulation of longitudinal change in neurocognitive function among adult glioma patients. J Neurooncol 2021; 156:185-193. [PMID: 34817796 DOI: 10.1007/s11060-021-03905-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Impaired neurocognitive function (NCF) is extremely common in patients with higher grade primary brain tumor. We previously reported evidence of genetic variants associated with NCF in glioma patients prior to treatment. However, little is known about the effect of genetic variants on NCF decline after adjuvant therapy. METHODS Patients (N = 102) completed longitudinal NCF assessments that included measures of verbal memory, processing speed, and executive function. Testing was conducted in the postoperative period with an average follow up interval of 1.3 years. We examined polymorphisms in 580 genes related to five pathways (inflammation, DNA repair, metabolism, cognitive, and telomerase). RESULTS Five polymorphisms were associated with longitudinal changes in processing speed and 14 polymorphisms with executive function. Change in processing speed was strongly associated with MCPH1 rs17631450 (P = 2.2 × 10-7) and CCDC26 rs7005206 (P = 9.3 × 10-7) in the telomerase pathway; while change in executive function was more strongly associated with FANCF rs1514084 (P = 2.9 × 10-6) in the DNA repair pathway and DAOA rs12428572 (P = 2.4 × 10-5) in the cognitive pathway. Joint effect analysis found significant genetic-dosage effects for longitudinal changes in processing speed (Ptrend = 1.5 × 10-10) and executive function (Ptrend = 2.1 × 10-11). In multivariable analyses, predictors of NCF decline included progressive disease, lower baseline NCF performance, and more at-risk genetic variants, after adjusting for age, sex, education, tumor location, histology, and disease progression. CONCLUSION Our longitudinal analyses revealed that polymorphisms in telomerase, DNA repair, and cognitive pathways are independent predictors of decline in NCF in glioma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey S Wefel
- Section of Neuropsychology, Department of Neuro-Oncology, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Unit 431, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
| | - Renke Zhou
- Dan L. Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Mailstop BCM305, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Erik P Sulman
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Nicholas S Boehling
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Georgina N Armstrong
- Dan L. Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Mailstop BCM305, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Spiridon Tsavachidis
- Dan L. Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Mailstop BCM305, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Fu-Wen Liang
- Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Carol J Etzel
- Biostatistics, Corrona, LLC, Southborough, MA, 01772, USA
| | - Lisa S Kahalley
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Brent J Small
- School of Aging Studies, University of South Florida, 4202 E Fowler Avenue, Tampa, FL, 33620, USA
| | - Michael E Scheurer
- Dan L. Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Mailstop BCM305, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Melissa L Bondy
- Dan L. Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Mailstop BCM305, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
| | - Yanhong Liu
- Dan L. Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Mailstop BCM305, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
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5
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Lan YL, Zhu Y, Chen G, Zhang J. The Promoting Effect of Traumatic Brain Injury on the Incidence and Progression of Glioma: A Review of Clinical and Experimental Research. J Inflamm Res 2021; 14:3707-3720. [PMID: 34377008 PMCID: PMC8350857 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s325678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of traumatic brain injury in the development of glioma is highly controversial since first presented. This is not unexpected because traumatic brain injuries are overwhelmingly more common than glioma. However, the causes of post-traumatic glioma have been long discussed and still warrant further research. In this review, we have presented an overview of previous cohort studies and case–control studies. We have summarized the roles of microglial cells, macrophages, astrocytes, and stem cells in post-traumatic glioma formation and development, and reviewed various carcinogenic factors involved during traumatic brain injury, especially those reported in experimental studies indicating a relationship with glioma progression. Besides, traumatic brain injury and glioma share several common pathways, including inflammation and oxidative stress; however, the exact mechanism underlying this co-occurrence is yet to be discovered. In this review, we have summarized current epidemiological studies, clinical reports, pathophysiological research, as well as investigations evaluating the probable causes of co-occurrence and treatment possibilities. More efforts should be directed toward elucidating the relationship between traumatic brain injury and glioma, which could likely lead to promising pharmacological interventions towards designing therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Long Lan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China.,Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People's Republic of China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongjian Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Gao Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianmin Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
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6
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Pandith AA, Wani ZA, Qasim I, Afroze D, Manzoor U, Amin I, Baba SM, Koul A, Anwar I, Mohammad F, Bhat AR, Shah P. Association of strong risk of hTERT gene polymorphic variants to malignant glioma and its prognostic implications with respect to different histological types and survival of glioma cases. J Gene Med 2020; 22:e3260. [PMID: 32783258 DOI: 10.1002/jgm.3260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Revised: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Germline genetic variants of human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) are known to predispose for various malignancies, including glioma. The present study investigated genetic variation of hTERT T/G (rs2736100) and hTERT G/A (rs2736098) with respect to glioma risk. METHODS Confirmed cases (n = 106) were tested against 210 cancer-free healthy controls by the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism technique for genotyping. RESULTS Homozygous variant 'GG' genotype of rs2736100 frequency was > 4-fold significantly different in cases versus controls (39.6% 17.2%; p < 0.0001). Furthermore, variant 'G' allele was found to be significantly associated with cases (0.5 versus 0.2 in controls; p < 0.0001). Homozygous variant rs2736098 'AA' genotype (35.8% versus 23.8%) and allele 'A' (0.49 versus 0.34) showed a marked significant difference in cases and controls, respectively (p < 0.05). In hTERT rs2736100, the GG genotype significantly presented more in higher grades and GBM (p < 0.0001). Furthermore, the GG variant of hTERT rs2736100 had a poor probability with respect to the overall survival of patients compared to TG and TT genotypes (log rank p = 0.03). Interestingly, two haplotypes of hTERT rs2736100/rs2736098 were identified as GG and GA that conferred a > 3- and 5-fold risk to glioma patients respectively, where variant G/A haplotype was observed to have the highest impact with respect to glioma risk (p < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS The results of the present study indicate that hTERT rs2736098 and rs2736100 variants play an important role in conferring a strong risk of developing glioma. Furthermore, hTERT rs2736100 GG variant appears to play a role in the bad prognosis of glioma patients. Haplotypes GG and GA could prove to be vital tools for monitoring risk in glioma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arshad A Pandith
- Advanced Centre for Human Genetics, Sher-I-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences (SKIMS), Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Zahoor A Wani
- Advanced Centre for Human Genetics, Sher-I-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences (SKIMS), Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Iqbal Qasim
- Advanced Centre for Human Genetics, Sher-I-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences (SKIMS), Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Dil Afroze
- Advanced Centre for Human Genetics, Sher-I-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences (SKIMS), Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Usma Manzoor
- Advanced Centre for Human Genetics, Sher-I-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences (SKIMS), Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Ina Amin
- Advanced Centre for Human Genetics, Sher-I-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences (SKIMS), Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Shahid M Baba
- Immunology and Molecular Medicine, SKIMS, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Aabid Koul
- Advanced Centre for Human Genetics, Sher-I-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences (SKIMS), Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Iqra Anwar
- Advanced Centre for Human Genetics, Sher-I-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences (SKIMS), Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Fozia Mohammad
- Advanced Centre for Human Genetics, Sher-I-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences (SKIMS), Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Abdul R Bhat
- Department of Neurosurgery, SKIMS, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Parveen Shah
- Department of Pathology, SKIMS, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
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7
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Howell AE, Robinson JW, Wootton RE, McAleenan A, Tsavachidis S, Ostrom QT, Bondy M, Armstrong G, Relton C, Haycock P, Martin RM, Zheng J, Kurian KM. Testing for causality between systematically identified risk factors and glioma: a Mendelian randomization study. BMC Cancer 2020; 20:508. [PMID: 32493226 PMCID: PMC7268455 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-020-06967-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Accepted: 05/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Whilst epidemiological studies have provided evidence of associations between certain risk factors and glioma onset, inferring causality has proven challenging. Using Mendelian randomization (MR), we assessed whether associations of 36 reported glioma risk factors showed evidence of a causal relationship. METHODS We performed a systematic search of MEDLINE from inception to October 2018 to identify candidate risk factors and conducted a meta-analysis of two glioma genome-wide association studies (5739 cases and 5501 controls) to form our exposure and outcome datasets. MR analyses were performed using genetic variants to proxy for candidate risk factors. We investigated whether risk factors differed by subtype diagnosis (either glioblastoma (n = 3112) or non-glioblastoma (n = 2411)). MR estimates for each risk factor were determined using multiplicative random effects inverse-variance weighting (IVW). Sensitivity analyses investigated potential pleiotropy using MR-Egger regression, the weighted median estimator, and the mode-based estimator. To increase power, trait-specific polygenic risk scores were used to test the association of a genetically predicated increase in each risk factor with glioma onset. RESULTS Our systematic search identified 36 risk factors that could be proxied using genetic variants. Using MR, we found evidence that four genetically predicted traits increased risk of glioma, glioblastoma or non-glioblastoma: longer leukocyte telomere length, liability to allergic disease, increased alcohol consumption and liability to childhood extreme obesity (> 3 standard deviations from the mean). Two traits decreased risk of non-glioblastoma cancers: increased low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLc) and triglyceride levels. Our findings were similar across sensitivity analyses that made allowance for pleiotropy (genetic confounding). CONCLUSIONS Our comprehensive investigation provides evidence of a causal link between both genetically predicted leukocyte telomere length, allergic disease, alcohol consumption, childhood extreme obesity, and LDLc and triglyceride levels, and glioma. The findings from our study warrant further research to uncover mechanisms that implicate these traits in glioma onset.
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Affiliation(s)
- A E Howell
- Brain Tumour Research Centre, Institute of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - J W Robinson
- Brain Tumour Research Centre, Institute of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - R E Wootton
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU), Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Oakfield House, Oakfield Grove, Bristol, BS8 2BN, UK
- School of Psychological Science, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at the University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust and the University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 2BN, UK
| | - A McAleenan
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - S Tsavachidis
- Section of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, UK
| | - Q T Ostrom
- Section of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, UK
| | - M Bondy
- Section of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, UK
| | - G Armstrong
- Section of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, UK
| | - C Relton
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU), Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Oakfield House, Oakfield Grove, Bristol, BS8 2BN, UK
| | - P Haycock
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU), Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Oakfield House, Oakfield Grove, Bristol, BS8 2BN, UK
| | - R M Martin
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU), Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Oakfield House, Oakfield Grove, Bristol, BS8 2BN, UK
- The National Institute for Health Research Bristol Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust and University of Bristol, Oakfield House, Oakfield Grove, Bristol, BS8 2BN, UK
| | - J Zheng
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU), Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Oakfield House, Oakfield Grove, Bristol, BS8 2BN, UK.
| | - K M Kurian
- Brain Tumour Research Centre, Institute of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.
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Wang C, Huang S, Rao S, Hu J, Zhang Y, Luo J, Wang H. Decreased expression of miR-410-3p correlates with poor prognosis and tumorigenesis in human glioma. Cancer Manag Res 2019; 11:10581-10592. [PMID: 31908530 PMCID: PMC6927686 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s202247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2019] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Gliomas are the most common type of primary tumors in the central nervous system. This study aimed to investigate the biological role of miR-410-3p in glioma and elucidate the potential molecular mechanisms involved. Methods The expression levels of miR-410-3p in clinical tissue samples and glioma cell lines were determined using qRT-PCR analysis. The clinical significance of miR-410-3p in glioma was evaluated using Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and Fisher’s exact test. The effects of miR-410-3p on glioma cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration and invasion were investigated using MTT assays, flow cytometry, transwell migration and invasion assays. Besides, corresponding mechanistic studies were carried out. Results miR-410-3p was significantly down-regulated in glioma tissues. Besides, Kaplan-Meier analysis demonstrated that patients with low miR-410-3p expression had a shorter overall survival. Decreased miR-410-3p expression was associated with larger tumor size, lower Karnofsky performance score (KPS), and higher World Health Organization (WHO) grade. Over-expression of miR-410-3p suppressed cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, and accelerated apoptosis; whereas depletion of miR-410-3p facilitated cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, and inhibited apoptosis. Mechanistic investigations demonstrated that Ras-related protein 1A (RAP1A) was a direct target of miR-410-3p, and that rescue of RAP1A expression reversed miR-410-3p over-expression-induced inhibitory effects on cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. Notably, miR-410-3p over-expression repressed tumor growth in mouse xenograft models. Conclusion Our findings indicate that miR-410-3p functions as a tumor suppressor in glioma by directly targeting RAP1A. Thus, this study may provide some new insights into gliomagenesis and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaojia Wang
- Department of Neurology, Taihe Affiliated Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, People's Republic of China
| | - Shulan Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, People's Republic of China
| | - Shanshan Rao
- Department of Neurology, Taihe Affiliated Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, People's Republic of China
| | - Juntao Hu
- Department of Neurology, Taihe Affiliated Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuqiang Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Taihe Affiliated Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Luo
- Department of Neurology, Taihe Affiliated Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Neurology, Taihe Affiliated Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, People's Republic of China
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González-Castro TB, Juárez-Rojop IE, López-Narváez ML, Tovilla-Zárate CA, Genis-Mendoza AD, Pérez-Hernández N, Martínez-Magaña JJ, Rodríguez-Pérez JM. Genetic Polymorphisms of CCDC26 rs891835, rs6470745, and rs55705857 in Glioma Risk: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Biochem Genet 2019; 57:583-605. [DOI: 10.1007/s10528-019-09911-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2018] [Accepted: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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10
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Niu F, Li J, Li J, Yan M, Shi X, Jin T. Polymorphisms of telomere-length related genes in three China ethnic groups. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PATHOLOGY 2017; 10:9654-9665. [PMID: 31966846 PMCID: PMC6965982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2017] [Accepted: 06/26/2017] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Little is known about polymorphic distribution of telomere-length related genes among ethnicities, which play important roles in the progression of high-altitude pulmonary edema (HAPE). We genotyped 45 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in 300 unrelated healthy volunteers from the following three Chinese ethnic populations: Han (n = 100), Tibetan (n = 100) and Sherpa (n = 100). We used χ2 test, pairwise FST values, and structure clustering analyses to investigate the genetic differences between these populations. Our results first indicated that rs12615793 (ACYP2), rs10936599 (TERC), rs10069690 (TERT) and rs6010620, rs4809324 (RTEL1) showed the greatest number of significant differences between Han and Tibetan, Sherpa and 11 HapMap populations. Meanwhile, we found that rs1056654 and rs1056629 (MPHOSPH6), rs2320615 (NAF1), rs6010621 (RTEL1), rs8105767 and rs2188972 (ZNF208) genotype frequencies showed considerable divergence among Tibetan and Sherpa. Besides, pairwise FST values and structure clustering analyses revealed that Han exhibited a close genetic affinity with CHD and CHB, but revealed a great genetic heterogeneity with YRI and MKK. This work greatly expanded our understanding of the distribution of telomere-length related genes in Chinese populations and may be helpful to forensic applications and population genetic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanglin Niu
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China (Northwest University), Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Northwest UniversityXi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jingjie Li
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China (Northwest University), Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Northwest UniversityXi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jing Li
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China (Northwest University), Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Northwest UniversityXi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Mengdan Yan
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China (Northwest University), Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Northwest UniversityXi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xugang Shi
- Xi’an Tianqin Precision Medical InstituteXi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Tianbo Jin
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China (Northwest University), Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Northwest UniversityXi’an, Shaanxi, China
- Xi’an Tianqin Precision Medical InstituteXi’an, Shaanxi, China
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11
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Tyagi V, Theobald J, Barger J, Bustoros M, Bayin NS, Modrek AS, Kader M, Anderer EG, Donahue B, Fatterpekar G, Placantonakis DG. Traumatic brain injury and subsequent glioblastoma development: Review of the literature and case reports. Surg Neurol Int 2016; 7:78. [PMID: 27625888 PMCID: PMC5009580 DOI: 10.4103/2152-7806.189296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2016] [Accepted: 05/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous reports have proposed an association between traumatic brain injury (TBI) and subsequent glioblastoma (GBM) formation. METHODS We used literature searches and radiographic evidence from two patients to assess the possibility of a link between TBI and GBM. RESULTS Epidemiological studies are equivocal on a possible link between brain trauma and increased risk of malignant glioma formation. We present two case reports of patients with GBM arising at the site of prior brain injury. CONCLUSION The hypothesis that TBI may predispose to gliomagenesis is disputed by several large-scale epidemiological studies, but supported by some. Radiographic evidence from two cases presented here suggest that GBM formed at the site of brain injury. We propose a putative pathogenesis model that connects post-traumatic inflammation, stem and progenitor cell transformation, and gliomagenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vineet Tyagi
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Jason Theobald
- Department of Neurosurgery, NYU School of Medicine, Brooklyn, New York, USA
| | - James Barger
- Department of Neurosurgery, NYU School of Medicine, Brooklyn, New York, USA
| | - Mark Bustoros
- Department of Neurosurgery, NYU School of Medicine, Brooklyn, New York, USA
| | - N Sumru Bayin
- Department of Neurosurgery, NYU School of Medicine, Brooklyn, New York, USA; Kimmel Center for Stem Cell Biology, NYU School of Medicine, Brooklyn, New York, USA
| | - Aram S Modrek
- Department of Neurosurgery, NYU School of Medicine, Brooklyn, New York, USA
| | - Michael Kader
- Department of Neurosurgery, NYU School of Medicine, Brooklyn, New York, USA
| | - Erich G Anderer
- Division of Neurosurgery, Maimonides Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York, USA
| | - Bernadine Donahue
- Department of Radiation Oncology, NYU School of Medicine, Brooklyn, New York, USA; Maimonides Cancer Center, Brooklyn, New York, USA
| | - Girish Fatterpekar
- Department of Radiology, NYU School of Medicine, Brooklyn, New York, USA
| | - Dimitris G Placantonakis
- Department of Neurosurgery, NYU School of Medicine, Brooklyn, New York, USA; Kimmel Center for Stem Cell Biology, NYU School of Medicine, Brooklyn, New York, USA; Brain Tumor Center, NYU School of Medicine, Brooklyn, New York, USA
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12
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Quach P, El Sherif R, Gomes J, Krewksi D. A systematic review of the risk factors associated with the onset and progression of primary brain tumours. Neurotoxicology 2016; 61:214-232. [PMID: 27212451 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2016.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2016] [Accepted: 05/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The overall aim of this systematic review was to identify risk factors for onset and natural progression, which were shown to increase, decrease, or have a null association with risk of primary brain tumour. For onset, the project was separated into two phases. The first phase consisted of a systematic search of existing systematic reviews and meta-analyses. Moderate to high methodological quality reviews were incorporated and summarized with relevant observational studies published since 2010, identified from a systematic search performed in phase 2. For natural progression, only the first phase was conducted. Standard systematic review methodology was utilized. Based on this review, various genetic variants, pesticide exposures, occupational farming/hairdressing, cured meat consumption and personal hair dye use appear to be associated with increased risk of onset amongst adults. The specific EGF polymorphsm 61-A allele within Caucasian populations and having a history of allergy was associated with a decreased risk. For progression, M1B-1 antigen was shown to increase the risk. High birth weight, pesticide exposure (childhood exposure, and parental occupational exposure) and maternal consumption of cured meat during pregnancy may also increase the risk of onset of childhood brain tumours. Conversely, maternal intake of pre-natal supplements (folic acid) appeared to decrease risk. Children with neurofibromatosis 2 were considered to have worse overall and relapse free survival compared to neurofibromatosis 1, as were those children who had grade III tumours compared to lesser grades.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pauline Quach
- School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
| | - Reem El Sherif
- Department of Family Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - James Gomes
- Interdisciplinary School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Canada
| | - Daniel Krewksi
- School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada; McLaughlin Centre for Population Health Risk Assessment, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada; Risk Sciences International, Ottawa, ON, Canada
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13
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TERT promoter mutations and polymorphisms as prognostic factors in primary glioblastoma. Oncotarget 2016; 6:16663-73. [PMID: 26143636 PMCID: PMC4599297 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.4389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2015] [Accepted: 06/12/2015] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) activity is up-regulated in several types of tumors including glioblastoma (GBM). In the present study, 128 primary glioblastoma patients were examined for single nucleotide polymorphisms of TERT in blood and in 92 cases for TERT promoter mutations in tumors. TERT promoter mutations were observed in 86% of the tumors and of these, C228T (-124 bp upstream start codon) was detected in 75% and C250T (-146 bp) in 25% of cases. TERT promoter mutations were associated with shorter overall survival (11 vs. 20 months p = 0.002 and 12 vs. 20, p = 0.04 for C228T and C250T, respectively). The minor alleles of rs2736100 and rs10069690 SNP's, located in intron 2 and the promotor regions, respectively, were associated with an increased risk of developing GBM (p = 0.004 and 0.001). GBM patients having both TERT promoter mutations and being homozygous carriers of the rs2853669 C-allele displayed significantly shorter overall survival than those with the wild type allele. The rs2853669 SNP is located in a putative Ets2 binding site in the promoter (-246 bp upstream start codon) close to the C228T and C250T mutation hot spots. Interleukin-6 (IL-6) expression regulated by TERT promoter status and polymorphism, what leads us to think that TERT and IL-6 plays a significant role in GBM, where specific SNPs increase the risk of developing GBM while the rs2853669 SNP and specific mutations in the TERT promoter of the tumor lead to shorter survival.
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14
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MicroRNA-134 modulates glioma cell U251 proliferation and invasion by targeting KRAS and suppressing the ERK pathway. Tumour Biol 2016; 37:11485-93. [PMID: 27012554 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-016-5027-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2016] [Accepted: 03/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Dysregulated microRNA-134 (miR-134) has been observed in glioma carcinogenesis, and studies suggested that the ERK pathway plays vital roles in glioma cell growth and proliferation. However, the fundamental relationship between miR-134 and the ERK pathway in glioma has not been fully explained. As a result, this study was aimed to explore the underlying functions of miR-134 in human glioma. Intentionally overexpressed or inhibited miR-134 expression resulted from the transfection of miR-134 mimics, or miR-134 inhibitor within glioma cell line U251 was detected using RT-PCR. Both cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assays and Transwell assays were carried out to clarify the proliferation and invasion of U251 cells transfected with miR-134 mimics or miR-134 inhibitors. Our findings showed that miR-134 was significantly downexpressed in glioma tissues, and low miR-134 expression was significantly related to high histopathological grades. However, upregulated miR-134 expression restrained the proliferation and invasion of U251 cells in vitro. Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene (KRAS), a vital factor for the ERK pathway, was directly targeted by miR-134 through its binding with the 3'-UTR of KRAS in glioma. Furthermore, KRAS expression exhibited a positive correlation with the activity of the ERK pathway. Overexpression of KRAS without 3'-UTR partly offsets the suppressive effect of miR-134 on glioma progression. Our data also indicated that miR-134 negatively modulated glioma progression and upregulated miR-134 triggered aberrant activation of the ERK pathway by targeting KRAS. Therefore, miR-134 might be considered as a benign therapeutic target of glioma.
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15
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Ghasimi S, Wibom C, Dahlin AM, Brännström T, Golovleva I, Andersson U, Melin B. Genetic risk variants in the CDKN2A/B, RTEL1 and EGFR genes are associated with somatic biomarkers in glioma. J Neurooncol 2016; 127:483-92. [PMID: 26839018 PMCID: PMC4835517 DOI: 10.1007/s11060-016-2066-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2015] [Accepted: 01/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
During the last years, genome wide association studies have discovered common germline genetic variants associated with specific glioma subtypes. We aimed to study the association between these germline risk variants and tumor phenotypes, including copy number aberrations and protein expression. A total of 91 glioma patients were included. Thirteen well known genetic risk variants in TERT, EGFR, CCDC26, CDKN2A, CDKN2B,PHLDB1, TP53, and RTEL1 were selected for investigation of possible correlations with the glioma somatic markers: EGFR amplification, 1p/19q codeletion and protein expression of p53, Ki-67, and mutated IDH1. The CDKN2A/B risk variant, rs4977756, and the CDKN2B risk variant, rs1412829 were inversely associated (p = 0.049 and p = 0.002, respectively) with absence of a mutated IDH1, i.e., the majority of patients homozygous for the risk allele showed no or low expression of mutated IDH1. The RTEL1 risk variant, rs6010620 was associated (p = 0.013) with not having 1p/19q codeletion, i.e., the majority of patients homozygous for the risk allele did not show 1p/19q codeletion. In addition, the EGFR risk variant rs17172430 and the CDKN2B risk variant rs1412829, both showed a trend for association (p = 0.055 and p = 0.051, respectively) with increased EGFR copy number, i.e., the majority of patients homozygote for the risk alleles showed chromosomal gain or amplification of EGFR. Our findings indicate that CDKN2A/B risk genotypes are associated with primary glioblastoma without IDH mutation, and that there is an inverse association between RTEL1 risk genotypes and 1p/19q codeletion, suggesting that these genetic variants have a molecular impact on the genesis of high graded brain tumors. Further experimental studies are needed to delineate the functional mechanism of the association between genotype and somatic genetic aberrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soma Ghasimi
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Oncology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Carl Wibom
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Oncology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.,Computational Life Science Cluster (CLiC), Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Anna M Dahlin
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Oncology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.,Computational Life Science Cluster (CLiC), Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Thomas Brännström
- Department of Medical Biosciences, Pathology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Irina Golovleva
- Department of Medical Bioscience, Medical and Clinical Genetics, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Ulrika Andersson
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Oncology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.
| | - Beatrice Melin
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Oncology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
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16
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Claus EB, Walsh KM, Wiencke JK, Molinaro AM, Wiemels JL, Schildkraut JM, Bondy ML, Berger M, Jenkins R, Wrensch M. Survival and low-grade glioma: the emergence of genetic information. Neurosurg Focus 2015; 38:E6. [PMID: 25552286 DOI: 10.3171/2014.10.focus12367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 292] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Significant gaps exist in our understanding of the causes and clinical management of glioma. One of the biggest gaps is how best to manage low-grade (World Health Organization [WHO] Grade II) glioma. Low-grade glioma (LGG) is a uniformly fatal disease of young adults (mean age 41 years), with survival averaging approximately 7 years. Although LGG patients have better survival than patients with high-grade (WHO Grade III or IV) glioma, all LGGs eventually progress to high-grade glioma and death. Data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) program of the National Cancer Institute suggest that for the majority of LGG patients, overall survival has not significantly improved over the past 3 decades, highlighting the need for intensified study of this tumor. Recently published research suggests that historically used clinical variables are not sufficient (and are likely inferior) prognostic and predictive indicators relative to information provided by recently discovered tumor markers (e.g., 1p/19q deletion and IDH1 or IDH2 mutation status), tumor expression profiles (e.g., the proneural profile) and/or constitutive genotype (e.g., rs55705857 on 8q24.21). Discovery of such tumor and constitutive variation may identify variables needed to improve randomization in clinical trials as well as identify patients more sensitive to current treatments and targets for improved treatment in the future. This article reports on survival trends for patients diagnosed with LGG within the United States from 1973 through 2011 and reviews the emerging role of tumor and constitutive genetics in refining risk stratification, defining targeted therapy, and improving survival for this group of relatively young patients.
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17
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Adel Fahmideh M, Lavebratt C, Schüz J, Röösli M, Tynes T, Grotzer MA, Johansen C, Kuehni CE, Lannering B, Prochazka M, Schmidt LS, Feychting M. CCDC26, CDKN2BAS, RTEL1 and TERT Polymorphisms in pediatric brain tumor susceptibility. Carcinogenesis 2015; 36:876-82. [PMID: 26014354 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgv074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2015] [Accepted: 05/20/2015] [Indexed: 03/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The role of genetic polymorphisms in pediatric brain tumor (PBT) etiology is poorly understood. We hypothesized that single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) identified in genome-wide association studies (GWAS) on adult glioma would also be associated with PBT risk. The study is based on the Cefalo study, a population-based multicenter case-control study. Saliva DNA from 245 cases and 489 controls, aged 7-19 years at diagnosis/reference date, was extracted and genotyped for 29 SNPs reported by GWAS to be significantly associated with risk of adult glioma. Data were analyzed using unconditional logistic regression. Stratified analyses were performed for two histological subtypes: astrocytoma alone and the other tumor types combined. The results indicated that four SNPs, CDKN2BAS rs4977756 (p = 0.036), rs1412829 (p = 0.037), rs2157719 (p = 0.018) and rs1063192 (p = 0.021), were associated with an increased susceptibility to PBTs, whereas the TERT rs2736100 was associated with a decreased risk (p = 0.018). Moreover, the stratified analyses showed a decreased risk of astrocytoma associated with RTEL1 rs6089953, rs6010620 and rs2297440 (p trend = 0.022, p trend = 0.042, p trend = 0.029, respectively) as well as an increased risk of this subtype associated with RTEL1 rs4809324 (p trend = 0.033). In addition, SNPs rs10464870 and rs891835 in CCDC26 were associated with an increased risk of non-astrocytoma tumor subtypes (p trend = 0.009, p trend = 0.007, respectively). Our findings indicate that SNPs in CDKN2BAS, TERT, RTEL1 and CCDC26 may be associated with the risk of PBTs. Therefore, we suggest that pediatric and adult brain tumors might share common genetic risk factors and similar etiological pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maral Adel Fahmideh
- Unit of Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Box 210, Stockholm SE-171 77, Sweden, Neurogenetics Unit, Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, and Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm SE-171 76, Sweden, Section of Environment and Radiation, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), 69372 Lyon CEDEX 08, France, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel 4002, Switzerland, University of Basel, Basel 4003, Switzerland, The Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo N-0304, Norway, National Institute of Occupational Health, Oslo NO-0033, Norway, Department of Oncology, University Children's Hospital of Zurich, Zurich 8091, Switzerland, Unit of Survivorship, The Danish Cancer Society Research Centre, Copenhagen DK-2100, Denmark, 5073 Oncology Clinic, Finsen Centre Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen DK-2100, Denmark, Swiss Childhood Cancer Registry, Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern, Bern 3012, Switzerland, Department of Clinical Sciences, Pediatric Oncology, University of Gothenburg, SE 416 85 Gothenburg, Sweden and Department of Pediatric Oncology, University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen DK-2100, Denmark
| | - Catharina Lavebratt
- Neurogenetics Unit, Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, and Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm SE-171 76, Sweden
| | - Joachim Schüz
- Section of Environment and Radiation, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), 69372 Lyon CEDEX 08, France
| | - Martin Röösli
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel 4002, Switzerland, University of Basel, Basel 4003, Switzerland
| | - Tore Tynes
- The Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo N-0304, Norway, National Institute of Occupational Health, Oslo NO-0033, Norway
| | - Michael A Grotzer
- Department of Oncology, University Children's Hospital of Zurich, Zurich 8091, Switzerland
| | - Christoffer Johansen
- Unit of Survivorship, The Danish Cancer Society Research Centre, Copenhagen DK-2100, Denmark, 5073 Oncology Clinic, Finsen Centre Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen DK-2100, Denmark
| | - Claudia E Kuehni
- Swiss Childhood Cancer Registry, Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern, Bern 3012, Switzerland
| | - Birgitta Lannering
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Pediatric Oncology, University of Gothenburg, SE 416 85 Gothenburg, Sweden and
| | - Michaela Prochazka
- Unit of Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Box 210, Stockholm SE-171 77, Sweden, Neurogenetics Unit, Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, and Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm SE-171 76, Sweden, Section of Environment and Radiation, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), 69372 Lyon CEDEX 08, France, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel 4002, Switzerland, University of Basel, Basel 4003, Switzerland, The Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo N-0304, Norway, National Institute of Occupational Health, Oslo NO-0033, Norway, Department of Oncology, University Children's Hospital of Zurich, Zurich 8091, Switzerland, Unit of Survivorship, The Danish Cancer Society Research Centre, Copenhagen DK-2100, Denmark, 5073 Oncology Clinic, Finsen Centre Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen DK-2100, Denmark, Swiss Childhood Cancer Registry, Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern, Bern 3012, Switzerland, Department of Clinical Sciences, Pediatric Oncology, University of Gothenburg, SE 416 85 Gothenburg, Sweden and Department of Pediatric Oncology, University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen DK-2100, Denmark
| | - Lisbeth S Schmidt
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen DK-2100, Denmark
| | - Maria Feychting
- Unit of Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Box 210, Stockholm SE-171 77, Sweden, Neurogenetics Unit, Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, and Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm SE-171 76, Sweden, Section of Environment and Radiation, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), 69372 Lyon CEDEX 08, France, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel 4002, Switzerland, University of Basel, Basel 4003, Switzerland, The Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo N-0304, Norway, National Institute of Occupational Health, Oslo NO-0033, Norway, Department of Oncology, University Children's Hospital of Zurich, Zurich 8091, Switzerland, Unit of Survivorship, The Danish Cancer Society Research Centre, Copenhagen DK-2100, Denmark, 5073 Oncology Clinic, Finsen Centre Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen DK-2100, Denmark, Swiss Childhood Cancer Registry, Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern, Bern 3012, Switzerland, Department of Clinical Sciences, Pediatric Oncology, University of Gothenburg, SE 416 85 Gothenburg, Sweden and Department of Pediatric Oncology, University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen DK-2100, Denmark
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Babaei M, Fallah M, Sundquist K, Hemminki K. Histological concordance in familial central nervous system tumors: Evidence from nationwide Swedish Family-Cancer Database. Cancer Epidemiol 2015; 39:334-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canep.2015.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2015] [Revised: 03/02/2015] [Accepted: 03/05/2015] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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19
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Wang D, Hu E, Wu P, Yuan W, Xu S, Sun Z, Shi H, Yuan J, Li G, Zhao S. Genetic variant near TERC influencing the risk of gliomas with older age at diagnosis in a Chinese population. J Neurooncol 2015; 124:57-64. [PMID: 26017031 DOI: 10.1007/s11060-015-1819-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2014] [Accepted: 05/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
A recent genome-wide association study has identified an association between rs1920116 near TERC and high-grade glioma in populations of European ancestry. In order to evaluate the effect of the SNP rs1920116 near TERC in the Chinese population, we examined associations of this candidate SNP with glioma in a sample of 1970 Chinese Han individuals. SNP genotype data were available for 980 Chinese glioma patients and 990 healthy controls. Logistic regression analyses were performed to evaluate the association between rs1920116 and glioma risk adjusted for age, gender and stratified by tumor grade where appropriate. The allele G at TERC rs1920116 are risk factors for gliomas, and its association with glioma risk was consistent across tumor subgroups in the Chinese Han population (OR = 1.18-1.21). In order to assess variation in SNP effect size at different patient ages, glioma cases and controls were divided into 3 age strata, in years: <50, 50-59, and 60+. The results of multiple logistic regression analyses indicate that the SNP has age-specific effects on the risk of developing glioma. Our report confirmed the effects of rs1920116 near TERC on glioma occurring in older peoples in the Chinese Han population for the first time. As TERC is a candidate for inter-individual variation in telomere length, our study supports the hypothesis that telomerase-related mechanisms of telomere maintenance are more associated with gliomas that develop later in life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dianhong Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, No.23 of Youzheng Str., Nangang District, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China,
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20
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MicroRNA-383 expression regulates proliferation, migration, invasion, and apoptosis in human glioma cells. Tumour Biol 2015; 36:7743-53. [DOI: 10.1007/s13277-015-3378-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2015] [Accepted: 03/24/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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21
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Wibom C, Späth F, Dahlin AM, Langseth H, Hovig E, Rajaraman P, Johannesen TB, Andersson U, Melin B. Investigation of Established Genetic Risk Variants for Glioma in Prediagnostic Samples from a Population-Based Nested Case–Control Study. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2015; 24:810-6. [DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-14-1106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2014] [Accepted: 01/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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22
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Portal MM, Pavet V, Erb C, Gronemeyer H. Human cells contain natural double-stranded RNAs with potential regulatory functions. Nat Struct Mol Biol 2014; 22:89-97. [PMID: 25504323 DOI: 10.1038/nsmb.2934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2014] [Accepted: 11/14/2014] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Recent evidence has suggested the existence of sense-antisense transcription in mammals, but the existence of double-stranded RNAs endowed with biological function has remained elusive. Herein we show that hundreds of putative natural double-stranded RNAs (ndsRNAs) are expressed from interspersed genomic locations and respond to cellular cues. We demonstrate that a subset of ndsRNAs localize in the nucleus and, in their double-stranded form, interact with nuclear proteins. Detailed characterization of an ndsRNA (nds-2a) revealed that this molecule displays differential localization throughout the cell cycle and directly interacts with RCC1 and RAN and, through the latter, with the mitotic RANGAP1-SUMO1-RANBP2 complex. Notably, altering nds-2a levels led to postmitotic abnormalities, mitotic catastrophe and cell death, thus supporting a mitosis-related role. Altogether, our study reveals a hitherto-unrecognized class of RNAs that potentially participate in major biological processes in human cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximiliano M Portal
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR 7104, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U964, University of Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
| | - Valeria Pavet
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR 7104, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U964, University of Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
| | - Cathie Erb
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR 7104, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U964, University of Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
| | - Hinrich Gronemeyer
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR 7104, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U964, University of Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
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Wang Z, Zhu B, Zhang M, Parikh H, Jia J, Chung CC, Sampson JN, Hoskins JW, Hutchinson A, Burdette L, Ibrahim A, Hautman C, Raj PS, Abnet CC, Adjei AA, Ahlbom A, Albanes D, Allen NE, Ambrosone CB, Aldrich M, Amiano P, Amos C, Andersson U, Andriole G, Andrulis IL, Arici C, Arslan AA, Austin MA, Baris D, Barkauskas DA, Bassig BA, Beane Freeman LE, Berg CD, Berndt SI, Bertazzi PA, Biritwum RB, Black A, Blot W, Boeing H, Boffetta P, Bolton K, Boutron-Ruault MC, Bracci PM, Brennan P, Brinton LA, Brotzman M, Bueno-de-Mesquita HB, Buring JE, Butler MA, Cai Q, Cancel-Tassin G, Canzian F, Cao G, Caporaso NE, Carrato A, Carreon T, Carta A, Chang GC, Chang IS, Chang-Claude J, Che X, Chen CJ, Chen CY, Chen CH, Chen C, Chen KY, Chen YM, Chokkalingam AP, Chu LW, Clavel-Chapelon F, Colditz GA, Colt JS, Conti D, Cook MB, Cortessis VK, Crawford ED, Cussenot O, Davis FG, De Vivo I, Deng X, Ding T, Dinney CP, Di Stefano AL, Diver WR, Duell EJ, Elena JW, Fan JH, Feigelson HS, Feychting M, Figueroa JD, Flanagan AM, Fraumeni JF, Freedman ND, Fridley BL, Fuchs CS, Gago-Dominguez M, Gallinger S, Gao YT, Gapstur SM, Garcia-Closas M, Garcia-Closas R, Gastier-Foster JM, Gaziano JM, Gerhard DS, Giffen CA, Giles GG, Gillanders EM, Giovannucci EL, Goggins M, Gokgoz N, Goldstein AM, Gonzalez C, Gorlick R, Greene MH, Gross M, Grossman HB, Grubb R, Gu J, Guan P, Haiman CA, Hallmans G, Hankinson SE, Harris CC, Hartge P, Hattinger C, Hayes RB, He Q, Helman L, Henderson BE, Henriksson R, Hoffman-Bolton J, Hohensee C, Holly EA, Hong YC, Hoover RN, Hosgood HD, Hsiao CF, Hsing AW, Hsiung CA, Hu N, Hu W, Hu Z, Huang MS, Hunter DJ, Inskip PD, Ito H, Jacobs EJ, Jacobs KB, Jenab M, Ji BT, Johansen C, Johansson M, Johnson A, Kaaks R, Kamat AM, Kamineni A, Karagas M, Khanna C, Khaw KT, Kim C, Kim IS, Kim JH, Kim YH, Kim YC, Kim YT, Kang CH, Jung YJ, Kitahara CM, Klein AP, Klein R, Kogevinas M, Koh WP, Kohno T, Kolonel LN, Kooperberg C, Kratz CP, Krogh V, Kunitoh H, Kurtz RC, Kurucu N, Lan Q, Lathrop M, Lau CC, Lecanda F, Lee KM, Lee MP, Le Marchand L, Lerner SP, Li D, Liao LM, Lim WY, Lin D, Lin J, Lindstrom S, Linet MS, Lissowska J, Liu J, Ljungberg B, Lloreta J, Lu D, Ma J, Malats N, Mannisto S, Marina N, Mastrangelo G, Matsuo K, McGlynn KA, McKean-Cowdin R, McNeill LH, McWilliams RR, Melin BS, Meltzer PS, Mensah JE, Miao X, Michaud DS, Mondul AM, Moore LE, Muir K, Niwa S, Olson SH, Orr N, Panico S, Park JY, Patel AV, Patino-Garcia A, Pavanello S, Peeters PHM, Peplonska B, Peters U, Petersen GM, Picci P, Pike MC, Porru S, Prescott J, Pu X, Purdue MP, Qiao YL, Rajaraman P, Riboli E, Risch HA, Rodabough RJ, Rothman N, Ruder AM, Ryu JS, Sanson M, Schned A, Schumacher FR, Schwartz AG, Schwartz KL, Schwenn M, Scotlandi K, Seow A, Serra C, Serra M, Sesso HD, Severi G, Shen H, Shen M, Shete S, Shiraishi K, Shu XO, Siddiq A, Sierrasesumaga L, Sierri S, Loon Sihoe AD, Silverman DT, Simon M, Southey MC, Spector L, Spitz M, Stampfer M, Stattin P, Stern MC, Stevens VL, Stolzenberg-Solomon RZ, Stram DO, Strom SS, Su WC, Sund M, Sung SW, Swerdlow A, Tan W, Tanaka H, Tang W, Tang ZZ, Tardon A, Tay E, Taylor PR, Tettey Y, Thomas DM, Tirabosco R, Tjonneland A, Tobias GS, Toro JR, Travis RC, Trichopoulos D, Troisi R, Truelove A, Tsai YH, Tucker MA, Tumino R, Van Den Berg D, Van Den Eeden SK, Vermeulen R, Vineis P, Visvanathan K, Vogel U, Wang C, Wang C, Wang J, Wang SS, Weiderpass E, Weinstein SJ, Wentzensen N, Wheeler W, White E, Wiencke JK, Wolk A, Wolpin BM, Wong MP, Wrensch M, Wu C, Wu T, Wu X, Wu YL, Wunder JS, Xiang YB, Xu J, Yang HP, Yang PC, Yatabe Y, Ye Y, Yeboah ED, Yin Z, Ying C, Yu CJ, Yu K, Yuan JM, Zanetti KA, Zeleniuch-Jacquotte A, Zheng W, Zhou B, Mirabello L, Savage SA, Kraft P, Chanock SJ, Yeager M, Landi MT, Shi J, Chatterjee N, Amundadottir LT. Imputation and subset-based association analysis across different cancer types identifies multiple independent risk loci in the TERT-CLPTM1L region on chromosome 5p15.33. Hum Mol Genet 2014; 23:6616-33. [PMID: 25027329 PMCID: PMC4240198 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddu363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2014] [Revised: 06/30/2014] [Accepted: 07/08/2014] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have mapped risk alleles for at least 10 distinct cancers to a small region of 63 000 bp on chromosome 5p15.33. This region harbors the TERT and CLPTM1L genes; the former encodes the catalytic subunit of telomerase reverse transcriptase and the latter may play a role in apoptosis. To investigate further the genetic architecture of common susceptibility alleles in this region, we conducted an agnostic subset-based meta-analysis (association analysis based on subsets) across six distinct cancers in 34 248 cases and 45 036 controls. Based on sequential conditional analysis, we identified as many as six independent risk loci marked by common single-nucleotide polymorphisms: five in the TERT gene (Region 1: rs7726159, P = 2.10 × 10(-39); Region 3: rs2853677, P = 3.30 × 10(-36) and PConditional = 2.36 × 10(-8); Region 4: rs2736098, P = 3.87 × 10(-12) and PConditional = 5.19 × 10(-6), Region 5: rs13172201, P = 0.041 and PConditional = 2.04 × 10(-6); and Region 6: rs10069690, P = 7.49 × 10(-15) and PConditional = 5.35 × 10(-7)) and one in the neighboring CLPTM1L gene (Region 2: rs451360; P = 1.90 × 10(-18) and PConditional = 7.06 × 10(-16)). Between three and five cancers mapped to each independent locus with both risk-enhancing and protective effects. Allele-specific effects on DNA methylation were seen for a subset of risk loci, indicating that methylation and subsequent effects on gene expression may contribute to the biology of risk variants on 5p15.33. Our results provide strong support for extensive pleiotropy across this region of 5p15.33, to an extent not previously observed in other cancer susceptibility loci.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoming Wang
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Cancer Genomics Research Laboratory, National Cancer Institute, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, SAIC-Frederick, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Bin Zhu
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics
| | | | | | - Jinping Jia
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics
| | - Charles C Chung
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Cancer Genomics Research Laboratory, National Cancer Institute, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, SAIC-Frederick, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, USA
| | | | | | - Amy Hutchinson
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Cancer Genomics Research Laboratory, National Cancer Institute, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, SAIC-Frederick, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Laurie Burdette
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Cancer Genomics Research Laboratory, National Cancer Institute, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, SAIC-Frederick, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, USA
| | | | - Christopher Hautman
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Cancer Genomics Research Laboratory, National Cancer Institute, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, SAIC-Frederick, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, USA
| | | | | | - Andrew A Adjei
- Korle Bu Teaching Hospital, PO BOX 77, Accra, Ghana, University of Ghana Medical School, PO Box 4236, Accra, Ghana
| | - Anders Ahlbom
- Unit of Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine
| | | | - Naomi E Allen
- Clinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Christine B Ambrosone
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Melinda Aldrich
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Pilar Amiano
- Public Health Division of Gipuzkoa, Basque Regional Health Department, San Sebastian, Spain, CIBERESP, CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Publica, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - Gerald Andriole
- Division of Urologic Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Irene L Andrulis
- Litwin Centre for Cancer Genetics, Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute, Mt Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Cecilia Arici
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, Italy
| | - Alan A Arslan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Department of Population Health, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA, New York University Cancer Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - Melissa A Austin
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Dalsu Baris
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics
| | - Donald A Barkauskas
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Biostatistics Division, Keck School of Medicine and
| | - Bryan A Bassig
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Division of Environmental Health Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | | | | | | | - Pier Alberto Bertazzi
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Department of Preventive Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Policlinico Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Richard B Biritwum
- Korle Bu Teaching Hospital, PO BOX 77, Accra, Ghana, University of Ghana Medical School, PO Box 4236, Accra, Ghana
| | | | - William Blot
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA, International Epidemiology Institute, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Heiner Boeing
- Department of Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition, Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Germany
| | - Paolo Boffetta
- Institute for Translational Epidemiology, Hematology and Medical Oncology, Mount Sinai Hospital School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kelly Bolton
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 2RE, UK
| | | | - Paige M Bracci
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Paul Brennan
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC-WHO), Lyon, France
| | | | | | - H Bas Bueno-de-Mesquita
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, The Netherlands, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Julie E Buring
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mary Ann Butler
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Qiuyin Cai
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | | | - Federico Canzian
- Genomic Epidemiology Group, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Guangwen Cao
- Department of Epidemiology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | | | - Alfredo Carrato
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain
| | - Tania Carreon
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Angela Carta
- Litwin Centre for Cancer Genetics, Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute, Mt Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Gee-Chen Chang
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, Division of Chest Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | | | - Jenny Chang-Claude
- Genomic Epidemiology Group, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Xu Che
- Department of Abdominal Surgery and
| | - Chien-Jen Chen
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan, Graduate Institute of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yi Chen
- Cancer Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | | | - Kuan-Yu Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yuh-Min Chen
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine and Chest Department, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taiwan
| | | | - Lisa W Chu
- Cancer Prevention Institute of California, Fremont, CA, USA
| | | | | | | | - David Conti
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Biostatistics Division, Keck School of Medicine and
| | | | - Victoria K Cortessis
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Biostatistics Division, Keck School of Medicine and
| | | | - Olivier Cussenot
- CeRePP, Paris, France, AP-HP, Department of Urology, Tenon Hospital, GHU-Est, Paris, France, UPMC Univ Paris 06, GRC n°5, ONCOTYPE-URO, Paris, France
| | - Faith G Davis
- Department of Public Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada T6G 2R3
| | - Immaculata De Vivo
- Program in Molecular and Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Channing Division of Network Medicine and Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Xiang Deng
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Cancer Genomics Research Laboratory, National Cancer Institute, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, SAIC-Frederick, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Ti Ding
- Shanxi Cancer Hospital, Taiyuan, Shanxi, People's Republic of China
| | | | - Anna Luisa Di Stefano
- Service de Neurologie Mazarin, GH Pitie-Salpetriere, APHP, and UMR 975 INSERM-UPMC, CRICM, Paris, France
| | - W Ryan Diver
- Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Eric J Duell
- Unit of Nutrition, Environment and Cancer, Cancer Epidemiology Research Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO-IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joanne W Elena
- Epidemiology and Genomics Research Program, Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jin-Hu Fan
- Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | | | | | | | - Adrienne M Flanagan
- UCL Cancer Institute, Huntley Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK, Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital NHS Trust, Stanmore, Middlesex HA7 4LP, UK
| | | | | | - Brooke L Fridley
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Charles S Fuchs
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA, Channing Laboratory, Department of Medicine
| | - Manuela Gago-Dominguez
- Genomic Medicine Group, Galician Foundation of Genomic Medicine, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago, Servicio Galego de Saude (SERGAS), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | | | - Yu-Tang Gao
- Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotaong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Susan M Gapstur
- Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Montserrat Garcia-Closas
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, UK
| | - Reina Garcia-Closas
- Unidad de Investigación, Hospital Universitario de Canarias, La Laguna, Spain
| | - Julie M Gastier-Foster
- Nationwide Children's Hospital, and The Ohio State University Department of Pathology and Pediatrics, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - J Michael Gaziano
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine and Division of Aging, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA, Massachusetts Veteran's Epidemiology, Research and Information Center, Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, Veterans Affairs Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Daniela S Gerhard
- Office of Cancer Genomics, Department of Health and Human Services, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Carol A Giffen
- Information Management Services Inc., Calverton, MD, USA
| | - Graham G Giles
- Cancer Epidemiology Centre, The Cancer Council Victoria & Centre for Molecular, Environmental, Genetic, and Analytic Epidemiology, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | | | | | - Michael Goggins
- Department of Oncology, Department of Pathology and Department of Medicine, The Sol Goldman Pancreatic Research Center, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Nalan Gokgoz
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | - Carlos Gonzalez
- Unit of Nutrition, Environment and Cancer, Cancer Epidemiology Research Programme, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Richard Gorlick
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, The Children's Hospital at Montefiore, Bronx, NY, USA
| | | | - Myron Gross
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | | | - Robert Grubb
- Department of Urology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | | | - Peng Guan
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Christopher A Haiman
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Goran Hallmans
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine/Nutritional Research
| | | | - Curtis C Harris
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | - Claudia Hattinger
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, Orthopaedic Rizzoli Institute, Bologna, Italy
| | - Richard B Hayes
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Department of Population Health, New York University Langone Medical Center and Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York University Cancer Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - Qincheng He
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | | | - Brian E Henderson
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | | | - Chancellor Hohensee
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Elizabeth A Holly
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Yun-Chul Hong
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea, Department of Preventive Medicine and
| | | | - H Dean Hosgood
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Chin-Fu Hsiao
- Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Institute of Population Health Sciences and Taiwan Lung Cancer Tissue/Specimen Information Resource Center, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan
| | - Ann W Hsing
- Cancer Prevention Institute of California, Fremont, CA, USA, Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Chao Agnes Hsiung
- Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Institute of Population Health Sciences and
| | - Nan Hu
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics
| | - Wei Hu
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics
| | - Zhibin Hu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Cancer Center, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ming-Shyan Huang
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - David J Hunter
- Program in Molecular and Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Channing Division of Network Medicine and Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | | | - Hidemi Ito
- Division of Epidemiology and Prevention, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Eric J Jacobs
- Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Kevin B Jacobs
- Cancer Genomics Research Laboratory, National Cancer Institute, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, SAIC-Frederick, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, USA, Cancer Genomics Research Laboratory, National Cancer Institute, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, SAIC-Frederick, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, USA, Bioinformed, LLC, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | - Mazda Jenab
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC-WHO), Lyon, France
| | - Bu-Tian Ji
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics
| | - Christoffer Johansen
- Department of Oncology, Finsen Center, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark, Unit of Survivorship, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mattias Johansson
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC-WHO), Lyon, France, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine
| | | | - Rudolf Kaaks
- Genomic Epidemiology Group, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | - Kay-Tee Khaw
- School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, UK
| | | | - In-Sam Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Department of Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Hee Kim
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeul Hong Kim
- Genomic Research Center for Lung and Breast/Ovarian Cancers, Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea, Department of Internal Medicine and Division of Brain and Division of Oncology/Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Chul Kim
- Lung and Esophageal Cancer Clinic, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun-eup, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Tae Kim
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Hyun Kang
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoo Jin Jung
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Alison P Klein
- Department of Oncology, Department of Pathology and Department of Medicine, The Sol Goldman Pancreatic Research Center, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA, Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - Manolis Kogevinas
- Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Barcelona, Spain, IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), Barcelona, Spain, CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain, National School of Public Health, Athens, Greece
| | - Woon-Puay Koh
- Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore, Singapore, Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Takashi Kohno
- Division of Genome Biology, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Laurence N Kolonel
- Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Charles Kooperberg
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Vittorio Krogh
- Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milano, Italy
| | - Hideo Kunitoh
- Division of Genome Biology, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Mitsui Memorial Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Nilgun Kurucu
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, A.Y. Ankara Oncology Training and Research Hospital, Yenimahalle- Ankara, Turkey
| | - Qing Lan
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics
| | - Mark Lathrop
- Centre National de Genotypage, IG/CEA, Evry Cedex, France, Centre d'Étude du Polymorphism Humain (CEPH), Paris, France
| | - Ching C Lau
- Texas Children's Cancer and Hematology Centers
| | - Fernando Lecanda
- Department of Pediatrics, University Clinic of Navarra, Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Kyoung-Mu Lee
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Department of Environmental Health, Korea National Open University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Loic Le Marchand
- Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | | | - Donghui Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology
| | | | - Wei-Yen Lim
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Dongxin Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Cancer Institute and Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | | | | | | | - Jolanta Lissowska
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jianjun Liu
- Human Genetics Division, Genome Institute of Singapore, Singapore, School of Life Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Börje Ljungberg
- Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences, Urology and Andrology and
| | - Josep Lloreta
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Daru Lu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China, State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Ma
- Department of Medicine, Channing Division of Network Medicine and Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Nuria Malats
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncologicas, Melchor Fernández Almagro, 3, Madrid E-28029, Spain
| | - Satu Mannisto
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Neyssa Marina
- Lucile Packard Children's Hospital, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Giuseppe Mastrangelo
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Sciences, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Keitaro Matsuo
- Division of Epidemiology and Prevention, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan, Department of Preventive Medicine, Kyushu University Faculty of Medical Scicence, Fukuoka, Japan
| | | | | | - Lorna H McNeill
- Department of Health Disparities Research, Division of OVP, Cancer Prevention and Population Sciences, and Center for Community-Engaged Translational Research, Duncan Family Institute and
| | | | | | | | - James E Mensah
- Korle Bu Teaching Hospital, PO BOX 77, Accra, Ghana, University of Ghana Medical School, PO Box 4236, Accra, Ghana
| | - Xiaoping Miao
- Key Laboratory for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Sciences and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Dominique S Michaud
- Department of Epidemiology, Division of Biology and Medicine, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | | | - Lee E Moore
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics
| | - Kenneth Muir
- Health Sciences Research Institute, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | | | - Sara H Olson
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Nick Orr
- Complex Traits Genetics Team and
| | - Salvatore Panico
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Jae Yong Park
- Department of Biochemistry and Department of Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea, Lung Cancer Center, Kyungpook National University Medical Center, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Alpa V Patel
- Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Ana Patino-Garcia
- Department of Pediatrics, University Clinic of Navarra, Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Sofia Pavanello
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Sciences, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Petra H M Peeters
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center, Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | | | - Ulrike Peters
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Gloria M Petersen
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Piero Picci
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, Orthopaedic Rizzoli Institute, Bologna, Italy
| | - Malcolm C Pike
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Stefano Porru
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, Italy
| | - Jennifer Prescott
- Program in Molecular and Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Channing Division of Network Medicine and Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Xia Pu
- Department of Epidemiology
| | | | - You-Lin Qiao
- Department of Epidemiology, Cancer Institute (Hospital), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | | | - Elio Riboli
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | | | - Rebecca J Rodabough
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Avima M Ruder
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Jeong-Seon Ryu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Inha University College of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
| | - Marc Sanson
- Service de Neurologie Mazarin, GH Pitie-Salpetriere, APHP, and UMR 975 INSERM-UPMC, CRICM, Paris, France
| | - Alan Schned
- Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, USA
| | - Fredrick R Schumacher
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Ann G Schwartz
- Karmanos Cancer Institute and Department of Oncology and
| | - Kendra L Schwartz
- Karmanos Cancer Institute and Department of Family Medicine and Public Health Sciences, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | | | - Katia Scotlandi
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, Orthopaedic Rizzoli Institute, Bologna, Italy
| | - Adeline Seow
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Consol Serra
- Centre for Research in Occupational Health, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain, CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP)
| | - Massimo Serra
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, Orthopaedic Rizzoli Institute, Bologna, Italy
| | - Howard D Sesso
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Gianluca Severi
- Cancer Epidemiology Centre, The Cancer Council Victoria & Centre for Molecular, Environmental, Genetic, and Analytic Epidemiology, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Hongbing Shen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Cancer Center, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Min Shen
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics
| | - Sanjay Shete
- Department of Biostatistics, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Kouya Shiraishi
- Division of Genome Biology, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Xiao-Ou Shu
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Afshan Siddiq
- Department of Genomics of Common Disease, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Luis Sierrasesumaga
- Department of Pediatrics, University Clinic of Navarra, Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Sabina Sierri
- Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Alan Dart Loon Sihoe
- Department of Surgery, Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, China
| | | | - Matthias Simon
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Bonn Medical Center, Bonn, Germany
| | - Melissa C Southey
- Department of Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | | | - Margaret Spitz
- Dan L. Duncan Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Meir Stampfer
- Department of Medicine, Channing Division of Network Medicine and Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Par Stattin
- Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences, Urology and Andrology and
| | - Mariana C Stern
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Victoria L Stevens
- Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | | | - Daniel O Stram
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Sara S Strom
- Department of Epidemiology, Division of Cancer Prevention and Population Sciences, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Wu-Chou Su
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital and College of Medicine, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Malin Sund
- Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences/Surgery, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Sook Whan Sung
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Seoul St Mary's Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Anthony Swerdlow
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, UK, Division of Breast Cancer Research, Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Wen Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Cancer Institute and Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Hideo Tanaka
- Division of Epidemiology and Prevention, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Wei Tang
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics
| | - Ze-Zhang Tang
- Shanxi Cancer Hospital, Taiyuan, Shanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Adonina Tardon
- Instituto Universitario de Oncología, Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Evelyn Tay
- Korle Bu Teaching Hospital, PO BOX 77, Accra, Ghana, University of Ghana Medical School, PO Box 4236, Accra, Ghana
| | | | - Yao Tettey
- Korle Bu Teaching Hospital, PO BOX 77, Accra, Ghana, University of Ghana Medical School, PO Box 4236, Accra, Ghana
| | - David M Thomas
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, St Andrew's Place, East Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Roberto Tirabosco
- Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital NHS Trust, Stanmore, Middlesex HA7 4LP, UK
| | | | | | | | - Ruth C Travis
- Clinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | | | | | - Ying-Huang Tsai
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | | | - Rosario Tumino
- Cancer Registry Associazione Iblea Ricerca Epidemiologica, Onlus and Asp Ragusa, Ragusa Italy
| | - David Van Den Berg
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | - Roel Vermeulen
- Division of Environmental Epidemiology, Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Paolo Vineis
- Imperial College, London, UK, Human Genetics Foundation (HuGeF), Torino Italy
| | - Kala Visvanathan
- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ulla Vogel
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark, National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Soborg, Denmark
| | - Chaoyu Wang
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics
| | | | - Junwen Wang
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Cancer Genomics Research Laboratory, National Cancer Institute, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, SAIC-Frederick, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, USA, Department of Biochemistry and Centre for Genomic Sciences, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Sophia S Wang
- Division of Cancer Etiology, Department of Population Sciences, City of Hope and the Beckman Research Institute, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Elisabete Weiderpass
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Tromsø, The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway, Department of Research, Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway, Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics and Samfundet Folkhälsan, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | | | | | - Emily White
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - John K Wiencke
- University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Alicja Wolk
- Unit of Nutritional Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Brian M Wolpin
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA, Channing Laboratory, Department of Medicine
| | | | | | - Chen Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Cancer Institute and Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Tangchun Wu
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Sciences, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | | | - Yi-Long Wu
- Guangdong Lung Cancer Institute, Medical Research Center and Cancer Center of Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jay S Wunder
- Division of Urologic Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Yong-Bing Xiang
- Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotaong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Xu
- School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing (LKS) Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | | | - Pan-Chyr Yang
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yasushi Yatabe
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Diagnostics, Aichi Cancer Center Hospital and
| | | | - Edward D Yeboah
- Korle Bu Teaching Hospital, PO BOX 77, Accra, Ghana, University of Ghana Medical School, PO Box 4236, Accra, Ghana
| | - Zhihua Yin
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Chen Ying
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Chong-Jen Yu
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital and College of Medicine, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Kai Yu
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics
| | - Jian-Min Yuan
- University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA, USA and
| | - Krista A Zanetti
- Epidemiology and Genomics Research Program, Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Anne Zeleniuch-Jacquotte
- Department of Population Health, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA, New York University Cancer Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - Wei Zheng
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Baosen Zhou
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | | | | | - Peter Kraft
- Program in Molecular and Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Stephen J Chanock
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Cancer Genomics Research Laboratory, National Cancer Institute, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, SAIC-Frederick, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Meredith Yeager
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Cancer Genomics Research Laboratory, National Cancer Institute, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, SAIC-Frederick, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, USA
| | | | - Jianxin Shi
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics
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Labussière M, Di Stefano AL, Gleize V, Boisselier B, Giry M, Mangesius S, Bruno A, Paterra R, Marie Y, Rahimian A, Finocchiaro G, Houlston RS, Hoang-Xuan K, Idbaih A, Delattre JY, Mokhtari K, Sanson M. TERT promoter mutations in gliomas, genetic associations and clinico-pathological correlations. Br J Cancer 2014; 111:2024-32. [PMID: 25314060 PMCID: PMC4229642 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2014.538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2014] [Revised: 07/18/2014] [Accepted: 09/12/2014] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The role of telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) in gliomagenesis has been recently further strengthened by the frequent occurrence of TERT promoter mutations (TERTp-mut) in gliomas and evidence that the TERT SNP genetic rs2736100 influences glioma risk. TERTp-mut creates a binding site for Ets/TCF transcription factors, whereas the common rs2853669 polymorphism disrupts another Ets/TCF site on TERT promoter. METHODS We sequenced for TERTp-mut in 807 glioma DNAs and in 235 blood DNAs and analysed TERT expression by RT-PCR in 151 samples. TERTp-mut status and TERTp polymorphism rs2853669 were correlated with histology, genomic profile, TERT mRNA expression, clinical outcome and rs2736100 genotype. RESULTS TERTp-mut identified in 60.8% of gliomas (491 out of 807) was globally associated with poorer outcome (Hazard ratio (HR)=1.50). We defined, based on TERTp-mut and IDH mutation status, four prognostic groups: (1) TERTp-mut and IDH-mut associated with 1p19q codeletion, overall survival (OS)>17 years; (2) TERTp-wt and IDH-mut, associated with TP53 mutation, OS=97.5 months; (3) TERTp-wt and IDH-wt, with no specific association, OS=31.6 months; (4) TERTp-mut and IDH-wt, associated with EGFR amplification, OS=15.4 months. TERTp-mut was associated with higher TERT mRNA expression, whereas the rs2853669 variant was associated with lower TERT mRNA expression. The mutation of CIC (a repressor of ETV1-5 belonging to the Ets/TCF family) was also associated with TERT mRNA upregulation. CONCLUSIONS In addition to IDH mutation status, defining the TERTp-mut status of glial tumours should afford enhanced prognostic stratification of patients with glioma. We also show that TERTp-mut, rs2853669 variant and CIC mutation influence Tert expression. This effect could be mediated by Ets/TCF transcription factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Labussière
- 1] Sorbonne Universités, UMPC Univ Paris 06, Centre de Recherche de l'Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, Paris 75013, France [2] INSERM U 1127, Paris 75013, France [3] CNRS, UMR 7225, Paris 75013, France
| | - A L Di Stefano
- 1] Sorbonne Universités, UMPC Univ Paris 06, Centre de Recherche de l'Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, Paris 75013, France [2] INSERM U 1127, Paris 75013, France [3] CNRS, UMR 7225, Paris 75013, France [4] National Neurological Institute C. Mondino, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - V Gleize
- 1] Sorbonne Universités, UMPC Univ Paris 06, Centre de Recherche de l'Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, Paris 75013, France [2] INSERM U 1127, Paris 75013, France [3] CNRS, UMR 7225, Paris 75013, France
| | - B Boisselier
- 1] Sorbonne Universités, UMPC Univ Paris 06, Centre de Recherche de l'Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, Paris 75013, France [2] INSERM U 1127, Paris 75013, France [3] CNRS, UMR 7225, Paris 75013, France [4] Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière (ICM), Plateforme de Génotypage Séquençage, Paris 75013, France
| | - M Giry
- 1] Sorbonne Universités, UMPC Univ Paris 06, Centre de Recherche de l'Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, Paris 75013, France [2] INSERM U 1127, Paris 75013, France [3] CNRS, UMR 7225, Paris 75013, France
| | - S Mangesius
- 1] Sorbonne Universités, UMPC Univ Paris 06, Centre de Recherche de l'Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, Paris 75013, France [2] INSERM U 1127, Paris 75013, France [3] CNRS, UMR 7225, Paris 75013, France
| | - A Bruno
- 1] Sorbonne Universités, UMPC Univ Paris 06, Centre de Recherche de l'Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, Paris 75013, France [2] INSERM U 1127, Paris 75013, France [3] CNRS, UMR 7225, Paris 75013, France
| | - R Paterra
- Dipartimento di Neuro Oncologia Molecolare Fondazione I.R.C.C.S. Istituto Neurologico C. Besta, Milano 20134, Italy
| | - Y Marie
- 1] Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière (ICM), Plateforme de Génotypage Séquençage, Paris 75013, France [2] Onconeurothèque, Paris 75013, France
| | - A Rahimian
- 1] Sorbonne Universités, UMPC Univ Paris 06, Centre de Recherche de l'Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, Paris 75013, France [2] INSERM U 1127, Paris 75013, France [3] CNRS, UMR 7225, Paris 75013, France [4] Onconeurothèque, Paris 75013, France
| | - G Finocchiaro
- Dipartimento di Neuro Oncologia Molecolare Fondazione I.R.C.C.S. Istituto Neurologico C. Besta, Milano 20134, Italy
| | - R S Houlston
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, Institute of Cancer Research, Surrey SM2 5NG, UK
| | - K Hoang-Xuan
- 1] Sorbonne Universités, UMPC Univ Paris 06, Centre de Recherche de l'Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, Paris 75013, France [2] INSERM U 1127, Paris 75013, France [3] CNRS, UMR 7225, Paris 75013, France [4] AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Service de Neurologie 2, Paris 75013, France
| | - A Idbaih
- 1] Sorbonne Universités, UMPC Univ Paris 06, Centre de Recherche de l'Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, Paris 75013, France [2] INSERM U 1127, Paris 75013, France [3] CNRS, UMR 7225, Paris 75013, France [4] AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Service de Neurologie 2, Paris 75013, France
| | - J-Y Delattre
- 1] Sorbonne Universités, UMPC Univ Paris 06, Centre de Recherche de l'Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, Paris 75013, France [2] INSERM U 1127, Paris 75013, France [3] CNRS, UMR 7225, Paris 75013, France [4] Onconeurothèque, Paris 75013, France [5] AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Service de Neurologie 2, Paris 75013, France
| | - K Mokhtari
- 1] Sorbonne Universités, UMPC Univ Paris 06, Centre de Recherche de l'Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, Paris 75013, France [2] INSERM U 1127, Paris 75013, France [3] CNRS, UMR 7225, Paris 75013, France [4] Onconeurothèque, Paris 75013, France [5] AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Laboratoire de Neuropathologie R. Escourolle, Paris 75013, France
| | - M Sanson
- 1] Sorbonne Universités, UMPC Univ Paris 06, Centre de Recherche de l'Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, Paris 75013, France [2] INSERM U 1127, Paris 75013, France [3] CNRS, UMR 7225, Paris 75013, France [4] Onconeurothèque, Paris 75013, France [5] AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Service de Neurologie 2, Paris 75013, France
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25
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Simon M, Hosen I, Gousias K, Rachakonda S, Heidenreich B, Gessi M, Schramm J, Hemminki K, Waha A, Kumar R. TERT promoter mutations: a novel independent prognostic factor in primary glioblastomas. Neuro Oncol 2014; 17:45-52. [PMID: 25140036 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/nou158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 162] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Activating somatic mutations in the promoter region of the telomerase reverse transcriptase gene (TERT) have been detected in several cancers. In this study we investigated the TERT promoter mutations and their impact on patient survival in World Health Organization grade IV glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). METHODS The TERT core promoter region containing the previously described mutations and a common functional polymorphism (rs2853669) was sequenced in tumors and blood samples from 192 GBM patients. O(6)-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) promoter methylation status was assessed by pyrosequencing in 177 (92.2%) cases. Relevant clinical data were obtained from a prospectively maintained electronic database. RESULTS We detected specific (-124 C>T and -146 C>T) TERT promoter mutations in 143/178 (80.3%) primary GBM and 4/14 (28.6%) secondary GBM (P < .001). The presence of TERT mutations was associated with poor overall survival, and the effect was confined to the patients who did not carry the variant G-allele for the rs2853669 polymorphism. An exploratory analysis suggested that TERT mutations might be prognostic only in patients who had incomplete resections and no temozolomide chemotherapy. CONCLUSIONS In this study, specific TERT promoter mutations were markers of primary GBM and predicted patient survival in conjunction with a common functional polymorphism. The prognostic impact of TERT mutations was absent in patients with complete resections and temozolomide chemotherapy. If confirmed in additional studies, these findings may have clinical implications, that is, TERT mutations appear to characterize tumors that require aggressive treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Simon
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Bonn Medical Center, Bonn, Germany (M.S., K.G., J.S.); German Cancer Research Center, Division of Molecular Genetic Epidemiology, Heidelberg, Germany (I.H., S.R., B.H., K.H., R.K.); Institute of Neuropathology, University of Bonn Medical Center, Bonn, Germany (M.G., A.W.); Center for Primary Health Care Research, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden (K.H.)
| | - Ismail Hosen
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Bonn Medical Center, Bonn, Germany (M.S., K.G., J.S.); German Cancer Research Center, Division of Molecular Genetic Epidemiology, Heidelberg, Germany (I.H., S.R., B.H., K.H., R.K.); Institute of Neuropathology, University of Bonn Medical Center, Bonn, Germany (M.G., A.W.); Center for Primary Health Care Research, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden (K.H.)
| | - Konstantinos Gousias
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Bonn Medical Center, Bonn, Germany (M.S., K.G., J.S.); German Cancer Research Center, Division of Molecular Genetic Epidemiology, Heidelberg, Germany (I.H., S.R., B.H., K.H., R.K.); Institute of Neuropathology, University of Bonn Medical Center, Bonn, Germany (M.G., A.W.); Center for Primary Health Care Research, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden (K.H.)
| | - Sivaramakrishna Rachakonda
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Bonn Medical Center, Bonn, Germany (M.S., K.G., J.S.); German Cancer Research Center, Division of Molecular Genetic Epidemiology, Heidelberg, Germany (I.H., S.R., B.H., K.H., R.K.); Institute of Neuropathology, University of Bonn Medical Center, Bonn, Germany (M.G., A.W.); Center for Primary Health Care Research, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden (K.H.)
| | - Barbara Heidenreich
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Bonn Medical Center, Bonn, Germany (M.S., K.G., J.S.); German Cancer Research Center, Division of Molecular Genetic Epidemiology, Heidelberg, Germany (I.H., S.R., B.H., K.H., R.K.); Institute of Neuropathology, University of Bonn Medical Center, Bonn, Germany (M.G., A.W.); Center for Primary Health Care Research, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden (K.H.)
| | - Marco Gessi
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Bonn Medical Center, Bonn, Germany (M.S., K.G., J.S.); German Cancer Research Center, Division of Molecular Genetic Epidemiology, Heidelberg, Germany (I.H., S.R., B.H., K.H., R.K.); Institute of Neuropathology, University of Bonn Medical Center, Bonn, Germany (M.G., A.W.); Center for Primary Health Care Research, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden (K.H.)
| | - Johannes Schramm
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Bonn Medical Center, Bonn, Germany (M.S., K.G., J.S.); German Cancer Research Center, Division of Molecular Genetic Epidemiology, Heidelberg, Germany (I.H., S.R., B.H., K.H., R.K.); Institute of Neuropathology, University of Bonn Medical Center, Bonn, Germany (M.G., A.W.); Center for Primary Health Care Research, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden (K.H.)
| | - Kari Hemminki
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Bonn Medical Center, Bonn, Germany (M.S., K.G., J.S.); German Cancer Research Center, Division of Molecular Genetic Epidemiology, Heidelberg, Germany (I.H., S.R., B.H., K.H., R.K.); Institute of Neuropathology, University of Bonn Medical Center, Bonn, Germany (M.G., A.W.); Center for Primary Health Care Research, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden (K.H.)
| | - Andreas Waha
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Bonn Medical Center, Bonn, Germany (M.S., K.G., J.S.); German Cancer Research Center, Division of Molecular Genetic Epidemiology, Heidelberg, Germany (I.H., S.R., B.H., K.H., R.K.); Institute of Neuropathology, University of Bonn Medical Center, Bonn, Germany (M.G., A.W.); Center for Primary Health Care Research, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden (K.H.)
| | - Rajiv Kumar
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Bonn Medical Center, Bonn, Germany (M.S., K.G., J.S.); German Cancer Research Center, Division of Molecular Genetic Epidemiology, Heidelberg, Germany (I.H., S.R., B.H., K.H., R.K.); Institute of Neuropathology, University of Bonn Medical Center, Bonn, Germany (M.G., A.W.); Center for Primary Health Care Research, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden (K.H.)
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Gao X, Mi Y, Yan A, Sha B, Guo N, Hu Z, Zhang N, Jiang F, Gou X. The PHLDB1 rs498872 (11q23.3) polymorphism and glioma risk: A meta-analysis. Asia Pac J Clin Oncol 2014; 11:e13-21. [PMID: 24935770 DOI: 10.1111/ajco.12211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/04/2014] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The association between the rs498872 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) and glioma risk has been studied, but these studies have yielded conflicting results. In order to explore this association, we performed a meta-analysis. A comprehensive literature search was performed using PubMed and EMBASE database, with the last search up to August 23, 2013. Six articles including 10 case-control studies in English with 18 002 controls and 8434 cases were eligible for the meta-analysis. Subgroup analyses were conducted by source of controls and ethnicity. The combined results showed that rs498872 polymorphism was significantly associated with glioma risks (TT vs CC: OR = 1.337, 95% CI = 1.222-1.462; TC vs CC: OR = 1.173, 95% CI = 1.081-1.272; dominant model: OR = 1.199, 95% CI = 1.101-1.306; recessive model: OR = 1.237, 95% CI = 1.135-1.347; additive model: OR = 1.156, 95% CI = 1.085-1.232). Moreover, there was increased cancer risk in all genetic models after stratification of the SNP data by the source of controls and ethnicity, and no evidence of publication bias was produced. Our meta-analysis suggested that rs498872 polymorphism was associated with increased risk of glioma. However, additional studies exploring the combined effects of rs498872 polymorphisms in Asian population should be investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingchun Gao
- Institute of Basic Medical Science, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yajing Mi
- Institute of Basic Medical Science, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Aili Yan
- Institute of Basic Medical Science, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Baoyong Sha
- Institute of Basic Medical Science, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Na Guo
- Institute of Basic Medical Science, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhifang Hu
- Institute of Basic Medical Science, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ni Zhang
- Institute of Basic Medical Science, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Fengliang Jiang
- Institute of Basic Medical Science, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xingchun Gou
- Institute of Basic Medical Science, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, China
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Qin R, Kohli M. Pharmacogenetics- and pharmacogenomics-based rational clinical trial designs in oncology. Per Med 2013; 10:859-869. [PMID: 29776282 DOI: 10.2217/pme.13.78] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
The rapid evolution of molecular technologies that can identify genetic markers and lead to dissecting the inherent variance of individual cancer biology has had a tangible impact on trial designs in oncology. Rational trial designs based on molecular marker expression coupled with drug–marker interactions have started to be adopted, challenging the previous paradigms of morphology-based, single-arm efficacy studies. This review summarizes novel trials being developed based on molecular predictive factor therapeutics and the potential impact these novel trial designs will have on the practice of oncology in future. A variety of clinical trial designs based on tumor and drug–host genetic interactions are discussed and the example of advanced prostate cancer is used to illustrate the changing landscape of clinical trial designs in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Qin
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street South West, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Manish Kohli
- Department of Oncology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street South West, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
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Enciso-Mora V, Hosking FJ, Kinnersley B, Wang Y, Shete S, Zelenika D, Broderick P, Idbaih A, Delattre JY, Hoang-Xuan K, Marie Y, Di Stefano AL, Labussière M, Dobbins S, Boisselier B, Ciccarino P, Rossetto M, Armstrong G, Liu Y, Gousias K, Schramm J, Lau C, Hepworth SJ, Strauch K, Müller-Nurasyid M, Schreiber S, Franke A, Moebus S, Eisele L, Forsti A, Hemminki K, Tomlinson IP, Swerdlow A, Lathrop M, Simon M, Bondy M, Sanson M, Houlston RS. Deciphering the 8q24.21 association for glioma. Hum Mol Genet 2013; 22:2293-302. [PMID: 23399484 PMCID: PMC3652416 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddt063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2012] [Accepted: 02/06/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
We have previously identified tagSNPs at 8q24.21 influencing glioma risk. We have sought to fine-map the location of the functional basis of this association using data from four genome-wide association studies, comprising a total of 4147 glioma cases and 7435 controls. To improve marker density across the 700 kb region, we imputed genotypes using 1000 Genomes Project data and high-coverage sequencing data generated on 253 individuals. Analysis revealed an imputed low-frequency SNP rs55705857 (P = 2.24 × 10(-38)) which was sufficient to fully capture the 8q24.21 association. Analysis by glioma subtype showed the association with rs55705857 confined to non-glioblastoma multiforme (non-GBM) tumours (P = 1.07 × 10(-67)). Validation of the non-GBM association was shown in three additional datasets (625 non-GBM cases, 2412 controls; P = 1.41 × 10(-28)). In the pooled analysis, the odds ratio for low-grade glioma associated with rs55705857 was 4.3 (P = 2.31 × 10(-94)). rs55705857 maps to a highly evolutionarily conserved sequence within the long non-coding RNA CCDC26 raising the possibility of direct functionality. These data provide additional insights into the aetiological basis of glioma development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Enciso-Mora
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, Institute of Cancer Research, 15 Cotswold Road, Sutton, Surrey SM2 5NG, UK+
| | - Fay J. Hosking
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, Institute of Cancer Research, 15 Cotswold Road, Sutton, Surrey SM2 5NG, UK+
| | - Ben Kinnersley
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, Institute of Cancer Research, 15 Cotswold Road, Sutton, Surrey SM2 5NG, UK+
| | - Yufei Wang
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, Institute of Cancer Research, 15 Cotswold Road, Sutton, Surrey SM2 5NG, UK+
| | - Sanjay Shete
- Department of Epidemiology, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, PO Box 301439, Houston, TX 77230, USA
| | - Diana Zelenika
- Centre National de Génotypage, IG/CEA, 2 rue Gaston Crémieux, CP 5721, Evry 91057, France
| | - Peter Broderick
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, Institute of Cancer Research, 15 Cotswold Road, Sutton, Surrey SM2 5NG, UK+
| | - Ahmed Idbaih
- Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6, Centre de Recherche de l'Institut du Cerveau et de la Moëlle épinière (CRICM) UMR-S975, GH Pitié-Salpêtrière, 47 bld de l'Hôpital, Paris 75651, France
- AP-HP, GH Pitié-Salpêtrière, Service de Neurologie Mazarin, 47 bld de l'Hôpital, Paris 75651, France
| | - Jean-Yves Delattre
- Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6, Centre de Recherche de l'Institut du Cerveau et de la Moëlle épinière (CRICM) UMR-S975, GH Pitié-Salpêtrière, 47 bld de l'Hôpital, Paris 75651, France
- AP-HP, GH Pitié-Salpêtrière, Service de Neurologie Mazarin, 47 bld de l'Hôpital, Paris 75651, France
| | - Khe Hoang-Xuan
- Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6, Centre de Recherche de l'Institut du Cerveau et de la Moëlle épinière (CRICM) UMR-S975, GH Pitié-Salpêtrière, 47 bld de l'Hôpital, Paris 75651, France
- AP-HP, GH Pitié-Salpêtrière, Service de Neurologie Mazarin, 47 bld de l'Hôpital, Paris 75651, France
| | - Yannick Marie
- Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6, Centre de Recherche de l'Institut du Cerveau et de la Moëlle épinière (CRICM) UMR-S975, GH Pitié-Salpêtrière, 47 bld de l'Hôpital, Paris 75651, France
| | - Anna Luisa Di Stefano
- Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6, Centre de Recherche de l'Institut du Cerveau et de la Moëlle épinière (CRICM) UMR-S975, GH Pitié-Salpêtrière, 47 bld de l'Hôpital, Paris 75651, France
| | - Marianne Labussière
- Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6, Centre de Recherche de l'Institut du Cerveau et de la Moëlle épinière (CRICM) UMR-S975, GH Pitié-Salpêtrière, 47 bld de l'Hôpital, Paris 75651, France
| | - Sara Dobbins
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, Institute of Cancer Research, 15 Cotswold Road, Sutton, Surrey SM2 5NG, UK+
| | - Blandine Boisselier
- Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6, Centre de Recherche de l'Institut du Cerveau et de la Moëlle épinière (CRICM) UMR-S975, GH Pitié-Salpêtrière, 47 bld de l'Hôpital, Paris 75651, France
| | - Pietro Ciccarino
- Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6, Centre de Recherche de l'Institut du Cerveau et de la Moëlle épinière (CRICM) UMR-S975, GH Pitié-Salpêtrière, 47 bld de l'Hôpital, Paris 75651, France
| | - Marta Rossetto
- Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6, Centre de Recherche de l'Institut du Cerveau et de la Moëlle épinière (CRICM) UMR-S975, GH Pitié-Salpêtrière, 47 bld de l'Hôpital, Paris 75651, France
| | - Georgina Armstrong
- Department of Epidemiology, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, PO Box 301439, Houston, TX 77230, USA
| | - Yanhong Liu
- Department of Epidemiology, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, PO Box 301439, Houston, TX 77230, USA
| | - Konstantinos Gousias
- Neurochirurgische Universitätsklinik, Universitätskliniken Bonn, Sigmund-Freud-Str 25, Bonn 53105, Germany
| | - Johannes Schramm
- Neurochirurgische Universitätsklinik, Universitätskliniken Bonn, Sigmund-Freud-Str 25, Bonn 53105, Germany
| | - Ching Lau
- Baylor College of Medicine, 6701 Fannin St., Ste. 142, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Sarah J. Hepworth
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Konstantin Strauch
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, Neuherberg 85764, Germany
- Institute of Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, Chair of Genetic Epidemiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Geschwister-Scholl-Platz 1, Munich 80539, Germany
| | - Martina Müller-Nurasyid
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, Neuherberg 85764, Germany
- Institute of Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, Chair of Genetic Epidemiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Geschwister-Scholl-Platz 1, Munich 80539, Germany
- Department of Medicine I, Klinikum Grosshadern, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität Marchioninistraße 15, Munich 81377, Germany
| | - Stefan Schreiber
- 1st Medical Department, University Clinic Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, House 6, Arnold-Heller-Str. 3, Kiel 24105, Germany
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Arnold-Heller-Straße 3, Kiel 24105, Germany
| | - Andre Franke
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology and
| | - Susanne Moebus
- Department of Haematology, University Hospital of Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstr. 55, Essen 45122, Germany
| | - Lewin Eisele
- Division of Molecular Genetic Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Centre (DKFZ), lm Neuenheimer Feld 580, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Asta Forsti
- Division of Molecular Genetic Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Centre (DKFZ), lm Neuenheimer Feld 580, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
- Center for Primary Health Care Research, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Kari Hemminki
- Division of Molecular Genetic Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Centre (DKFZ), lm Neuenheimer Feld 580, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
- Center for Primary Health Care Research, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Ian P. Tomlinson
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
- Oxford NIHR Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre
| | - Anthony Swerdlow
- Division of Breast Cancer Research, Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, Surrey SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Mark Lathrop
- AP-HP, GH Pitié-Salpêtrière, Service de Neurologie Mazarin, 47 bld de l'Hôpital, Paris 75651, France
- Foundation Jean Dausset-CEPH, 27 Rue Juliette Dodu, Paris 75010, France
| | - Matthias Simon
- Neurochirurgische Universitätsklinik, Universitätskliniken Bonn, Sigmund-Freud-Str 25, Bonn 53105, Germany
| | - Melissa Bondy
- Baylor College of Medicine, 6701 Fannin St., Ste. 142, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Marc Sanson
- Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6, Centre de Recherche de l'Institut du Cerveau et de la Moëlle épinière (CRICM) UMR-S975, GH Pitié-Salpêtrière, 47 bld de l'Hôpital, Paris 75651, France
- AP-HP, GH Pitié-Salpêtrière, Service de Neurologie Mazarin, 47 bld de l'Hôpital, Paris 75651, France
| | - Richard S Houlston
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, Institute of Cancer Research, 15 Cotswold Road, Sutton, Surrey SM2 5NG, UK+
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Li G, Jin T, Liang H, Zhang Z, He S, Tu Y, Yang H, Geng T, Cui G, Chen C, Gao G. RTEL1 tagging SNPs and haplotypes were associated with glioma development. Diagn Pathol 2013; 8:83. [PMID: 23683922 PMCID: PMC3661361 DOI: 10.1186/1746-1596-8-83] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2013] [Accepted: 05/12/2013] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
As glioma ranks as the first most prevalent solid tumors in primary central nervous system, certain single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) may be related to increased glioma risk, and have implications in carcinogenesis. The present case-control study was carried out to elucidate how common variants contribute to glioma susceptibility. Ten candidate tagging SNPs (tSNPs) were selected from seven genes whose polymorphisms have been proven by classical literatures and reliable databases to be tended to relate with gliomas, and with the minor allele frequency (MAF)>5% in the HapMap Asian population. The selected tSNPs were genotyped in 629 glioma patients and 645 controls from a Han Chinese population using the multiplexed SNP MassEXTEND assay calibrated. Two significant tSNPs in RTEL1 gene were observed to be associated with glioma risk (rs6010620, P=0.0016, OR: 1.32, 95% CI: 1.11-1.56; rs2297440, P=0.001, OR: 1.33, 95% CI: 1.12-1.58) by χ2 test. It was identified the genotype "GG" of rs6010620 acted as the protective genotype for glioma (OR, 0.46; 95% CI, 0.31-0.7; P=0.0002), while the genotype "CC" of rs2297440 as the protective genotype in glioma (OR, 0.47; 95% CI, 0.31-0.71; P=0.0003). Furthermore, haplotype "GCT" in RTEL1 gene was found to be associated with risk of glioma (OR, 0.7; 95% CI, 0.57-0.86; Fisher's P=0.0005; Pearson's P=0.0005), and haplotype "ATT" was detected to be associated with risk of glioma (OR, 1.32; 95% CI, 1.12-1.57; Fisher's P=0.0013; Pearson's P=0.0013). Two single variants, the genotypes of "GG" of rs6010620 and "CC" of rs2297440 (rs6010620 and rs2297440) in the RTEL1 gene, together with two haplotypes of GCT and ATT, were identified to be associated with glioma development. And it might be used to evaluate the glioma development risks to screen the above RTEL1 tagging SNPs and haplotypes. VIRTUAL SLIDES The virtual slides for this article can be found here: http://www.diagnosticpathology.diagnomx.eu/vs/1993021136961998.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tangdu hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, 710038, China
| | - Tianbo Jin
- National Engineering Research Center for Miniaturized Detection Systems, School of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an, 710069, China
| | - Hongjuan Liang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tangdu hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, 710038, China
| | - Zhiguo Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tangdu hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, 710038, China
| | - Shiming He
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tangdu hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, 710038, China
| | - Yanyang Tu
- Department of Clinical Experimental Surgery, Tangdu hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, 710038, China
| | - Haixia Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tangdu hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, 710038, China
| | | | - Guangbin Cui
- Department of Radiology, Tangdu hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, 710038, China
| | - Chao Chen
- National Engineering Research Center for Miniaturized Detection Systems, School of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an, 710069, China
| | - Guodong Gao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tangdu hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, 710038, China
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Melin B, Dahlin AM, Andersson U, Wang Z, Henriksson R, Hallmans G, Bondy ML, Johansen C, Feychting M, Ahlbom A, Kitahara CM, Wang SS, Ruder AM, Carreón T, Butler MA, Inskip PD, Purdue M, Hsing AW, Mechanic L, Gillanders E, Yeager M, Linet M, Chanock SJ, Hartge P, Rajaraman P. Known glioma risk loci are associated with glioma with a family history of brain tumours -- a case-control gene association study. Int J Cancer 2013; 132:2464-8. [PMID: 23115063 PMCID: PMC3586297 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.27922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2012] [Accepted: 09/17/2012] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Familial cancer can be used to leverage genetic association studies. Recent genome-wide association studies have reported independent associations between seven single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and risk of glioma. The aim of this study was to investigate whether glioma cases with a positive family history of brain tumours, defined as having at least one first- or second-degree relative with a history of brain tumour, are associated with known glioma risk loci. One thousand four hundred and thirty-one glioma cases and 2,868 cancer-free controls were identified from four case-control studies and two prospective cohorts from USA, Sweden and Denmark and genotyped for seven SNPs previously reported to be associated with glioma risk in case-control designed studies. Odds ratios were calculated by unconditional logistic regression. In analyses including glioma cases with a family history of brain tumours (n = 104) and control subjects free of glioma at baseline, three of seven SNPs were associated with glioma risk: rs2736100 (5p15.33, TERT), rs4977756 (9p21.3, CDKN2A-CDKN2B) and rs6010620 (20q13.33, RTEL1). After Bonferroni correction for multiple comparisons, only one marker was statistically significantly associated with glioma risk, rs6010620 (ORtrend for the minor (A) allele, 0.39; 95% CI: 0.25-0.61; Bonferroni adjusted ptrend , 1.7 × 10(-4) ). In conclusion, as previously shown for glioma regardless of family history of brain tumours, rs6010620 (RTEL1) was associated with an increased risk of glioma when restricting to cases with family history of brain tumours. These findings require confirmation in further studies with a larger number of glioma cases with a family history of brain tumours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatrice Melin
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Oncology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.
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Rice T, Zheng S, Decker PA, Walsh KM, Bracci P, Xiao Y, McCoy LS, Smirnov I, Patoka JS, Hansen HM, Hsuang G, Wiemels JL, Tihan T, Pico AR, Prados MD, Chang SM, Berger MS, Caron A, Fink S, Kollmeyer T, Rynearson A, Voss J, Kosel ML, Fridley BL, Lachance DH, Eckel-Passow JE, Sicotte H, O'Neill BP, Giannini C, Wiencke JK, Jenkins RB, Wrensch MR. Inherited variant on chromosome 11q23 increases susceptibility to IDH-mutated but not IDH-normal gliomas regardless of grade or histology. Neuro Oncol 2013; 15:535-41. [PMID: 23361564 PMCID: PMC3635511 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/nos324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2012] [Accepted: 10/02/2012] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Recent discoveries of inherited glioma risk loci and acquired IDH mutations are providing new insights into glioma etiology. IDH mutations are common in lower grade gliomas and secondary glioblastomas and uncommon in primary glioblastomas. Because the inherited variant in 11q23 has been associated with risk of lower grade glioma and not with glioblastomas, we hypothesized that this variant increases susceptibility to IDH-mutated gliomas, but not to IDH-wild-type gliomas. METHODS We tested this hypothesis in patients with glioma and controls from the San Francisco Adult Glioma Study, the Mayo Clinic, and Illumina controls (1102 total patients, 5299 total controls). Case-control additive associations of 11q23 risk alleles (rs498872, T allele) were calculated using logistic regression, stratified by tumor IDH status (mutated or wild-type) and by histology and grade. We also adjusted for the recently discovered 8q24 glioma risk locus rs55705857 G allele. RESULTS The 11q23 glioma risk locus was associated with increased risk of IDH-mutated gliomas of all histologies and grades (odds ratio [OR] = 1.50; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.29-1.74; P = 1.3X10(-7)) but not with IDH-wild-type gliomas of any histology or grade (OR = 0.91; 95% CI = 0.81-1.03; P = 0.14). The associations were independent of the rs55705857 G allele. CONCLUSION A variant at the 11q23 locus increases risk for IDH-mutated but not IDH-wild-type gliomas, regardless of grade or histology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Terri Rice
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94107, USA.
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Abstract
Background: Most of the heritable risk of glioma is presently unaccounted for by mutations in known genes. In addition to rare inactivating germline mutations in TP53 causing glioma in the context of the Li-Fraumeni syndrome, polymorphic variation in TP53 may also contribute to the risk of developing glioma. Methods: To comprehensively evaluate the impact of variation in TP53 on risk, we analysed 23 tagSNPs and imputed 2377 unobserved genotypes in four series totaling 4147 glioma cases and 7435 controls. Results: The strongest validated association signal was shown by the imputed single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs78378222 (P=6.86 × 10−24, minor allele frequency ∼0.013). Confirmatory genotyping confirmed the high quality of the imputation. The association between rs78378222 and risk was seen for both glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) and non-GBM tumours. We comprehensively examined the relationship between rs78378222 and overall survival in two of the case series totaling 1699 individuals. Despite employing statistical tests sensitive to the detection of differences in early survival, no association was shown. Conclusion: Our data provided strong validation of rs78378222 as a risk factor for glioma but do not support the tenet that the polymorphism being a clinically useful prognostic marker. Acquired TP53 inactivation is a common feature of glioma. As rs78378222 changes the polyadenylation signal of TP53 leading to impaired 3′-end processing of TP53 mRNA, the SNP has strong plausibility for being directly functional contributing to the aetiological basis of glioma.
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Goodenberger ML, Jenkins RB. Genetics of adult glioma. Cancer Genet 2012; 205:613-21. [PMID: 23238284 DOI: 10.1016/j.cancergen.2012.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 567] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2012] [Revised: 10/22/2012] [Accepted: 10/26/2012] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Gliomas make up approximately 30% of all brain and central nervous system tumors and 80% of all malignant brain tumors. Despite the frequency of gliomas, the etiology of these tumors remains largely unknown. Diffuse gliomas, including astrocytomas and oligodendrogliomas, belong to a single pathologic class but have very different histologies and molecular etiologies. Recent genomic studies have identified separate molecular subtypes within the glioma classification that appear to correlate with biological etiology, prognosis, and response to therapy. The discovery of these subtypes suggests that molecular genetic tests are and will be useful, beyond classical histology, for the clinical classification of gliomas. While a familial susceptibility to glioma has been identified, only a small percentage of gliomas are thought to be due to single-gene hereditary cancer syndromes. Through the use of linkage studies and genome-wide association studies, multiple germline variants have been identified that are beginning to define the genetic susceptibility to glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- McKinsey L Goodenberger
- Division of Laboratory Genetics, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA
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EGFR gene variants are associated with specific somatic aberrations in glioma. PLoS One 2012; 7:e47929. [PMID: 23236348 PMCID: PMC3517607 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0047929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2012] [Accepted: 09/18/2012] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
A number of gene variants have been associated with an increased risk of developing glioma. We hypothesized that the reported risk variants may be associated with tumor genomic instability. To explore potential correlations between germline risk variants and somatic genetic events, we analyzed matched tumor and blood samples from 95 glioma patients by means of SNP genotyping. The generated genotype data was used to calculate genome-wide allele-specific copy number profiles of the tumor samples. We compared the copy number profiles across samples and found two EGFR gene variants (rs17172430 and rs11979158) that were associated with homozygous deletion at the CDKN2A/B locus. One of the EGFR variants (rs17172430) was also associated with loss of heterozygosity at the EGFR locus. Our findings were confirmed in a separate dataset consisting of matched blood and tumor samples from 300 glioblastoma patients, compiled from publically available TCGA data. These results imply there is a functional effect of germline EGFR variants on tumor progression.
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Di Stefano AL, Enciso-Mora V, Marie Y, Desestret V, Labussière M, Boisselier B, Mokhtari K, Idbaih A, Hoang-Xuan K, Delattre JY, Houlston RS, Sanson M. Association between glioma susceptibility loci and tumour pathology defines specific molecular etiologies. Neuro Oncol 2012; 15:542-7. [PMID: 23161787 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/nos284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Genome-wide association studies have identified single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) at 7 loci influencing glioma risk: rs2736100 (TERT), rs11979158 and rs2252586 (EGFR), rs4295627 (CCDC26), rs4977756 (CDKN2A/CDKN2B), rs498872 (PHLDB1), and rs6010620 (RTEL1). MATERIALS AND METHODS We studied the relationship among these 7 glioma-risk SNPs and characteristics of tumors from 1374 patients, including grade, IDH (ie IDH1 or IDH2) mutation, EGFR amplification, CDKN2A-p16-INK4a homozygous deletion, 9p and 10q loss, and 1p-19q codeletion. RESULTS rs2736100 (TERT) and rs6010620 (RTEL1) risk alleles were associated with high-grade disease, EGFR amplification, CDKN2A-p16-INK4a homozygous deletion, and 9p and 10q deletion; rs4295627 (CCDC26) and rs498872 (PHLDB1) were associated with low-grade disease, IDH mutation, and 1p-19q codeletion. In contrast, rs4977756 (CDKN2A/B), rs11979158 (EGFR), and to a lesser extent, rs2252586 (EGFR) risk alleles were independent of tumor grade and genetic profile. Adjusting for tumor grade showed a significant association between rs2736100 and IDH status (P = .01), 10q loss (P = .02); rs4295627 and 1p-19q codeletion (P = .04), rs498872 and IDH (P = .02), 9p loss (P = .04), and 10q loss (P = .02). Case-control analyses stratified into 4 molecular classes (defined by 1p-19q status, IDH mutation, and EGFR amplification) showed an association of rs4295627 and rs498872 with IDH-mutated gliomas (P < 10(-3)) and rs2736100 and rs6010620 with IDH wild-type gliomas (P < 10(-3) and P = .03). CONCLUSION The frequency of EGFR and CDKN2A/B risk alleles were largely independent of tumor genetic profile, whereas TERT, RTEL1, CCDC26, and PHLDB1 variants were associated with different genetic profiles that annotate distinct molecular pathways. Our findings provide further insight into the biological basis of glioma etiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Luisa Di Stefano
- Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6, Centre de Recherche de l’Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière (CRICM), UMR-S975, Paris, France
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Egan KM, Wrensch MR, Jenkins RB. Rare and uncommon genetic variants may hold key to the 'missing heritability' in glioma. CNS Oncol 2012; 1:109-12. [PMID: 25057857 DOI: 10.2217/cns.12.19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen M Egan
- Division of Population Sciences, Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA.
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Coetzee SG, Rhie SK, Berman BP, Coetzee GA, Noushmehr H. FunciSNP: an R/bioconductor tool integrating functional non-coding data sets with genetic association studies to identify candidate regulatory SNPs. Nucleic Acids Res 2012; 40:e139. [PMID: 22684628 PMCID: PMC3467035 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gks542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2012] [Revised: 04/26/2012] [Accepted: 05/13/2012] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are increasingly used to tag genetic loci associated with phenotypes such as risk of complex diseases. Technically, this is done genome-wide without prior restriction or knowledge of biological feasibility in scans referred to as genome-wide association studies (GWAS). Depending on the linkage disequilibrium (LD) structure at a particular locus, such tagSNPs may be surrogates for many thousands of other SNPs, and it is difficult to distinguish those that may play a functional role in the phenotype from those simply genetically linked. Because a large proportion of tagSNPs have been identified within non-coding regions of the genome, distinguishing functional from non-functional SNPs has been an even greater challenge. A strategy was recently proposed that prioritizes surrogate SNPs based on non-coding chromatin and epigenomic mapping techniques that have become feasible with the advent of massively parallel sequencing. Here, we introduce an R/Bioconductor software package that enables the identification of candidate functional SNPs by integrating information from tagSNP locations, lists of linked SNPs from the 1000 genomes project and locations of chromatin features which may have functional significance. AVAILABILITY FunciSNP is available from Bioconductor (bioconductor.org).
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon G. Coetzee
- Norris Cancer Center, Department of Preventive Medicine, Epigenome Center and Department of Urology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Suhn K. Rhie
- Norris Cancer Center, Department of Preventive Medicine, Epigenome Center and Department of Urology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Benjamin P. Berman
- Norris Cancer Center, Department of Preventive Medicine, Epigenome Center and Department of Urology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Gerhard A. Coetzee
- Norris Cancer Center, Department of Preventive Medicine, Epigenome Center and Department of Urology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Houtan Noushmehr
- Norris Cancer Center, Department of Preventive Medicine, Epigenome Center and Department of Urology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
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Harris HR, Vivo ID, Titus LJ, Vitonis AF, Wong JYY, Cramer DW, Terry KL. Genetic variation in telomere maintenance genes in relation to ovarian cancer survival. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY AND GENETICS 2012; 3:252-261. [PMID: 23050056 PMCID: PMC3459218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2012] [Accepted: 08/17/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Telomeres are repetitive non-coding DNA sequences at the ends of chromosomes that provide protection against chromosomal instability. Telomere length and stability are influenced by proteins, including telomerase which is partially encoded by the TERT gene. Genetic variation in the TERT gene is associated with ovarian cancer risk, and predicts survival in lung cancer and glioma. We investigated whether genetic variation in five telomere maintenance genes was associated with survival among 1480 cases of invasive epithelial ovarian cancer in the population-based New England Case-Control Study. Cox proportional hazard models were used to calculate hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals. Overall we observed no significant associations between SNPs in telomere maintenance genes and mortality using a significance threshold of p=0.001. However, we observed some suggestive associations in subgroup analyses. Future studies with larger populations may further our understanding of what role telomeres play in ovarian cancer survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Holly R Harris
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Epidemiology Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School Boston, Massachusetts, 02115, United States ; Division of Nutritional Epidemiology, National Institute for Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet Stockholm, 171 77, Sweden
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Rajaraman P, Melin BS, Wang Z, McKean-Cowdin R, Michaud DS, Wang SS, Bondy M, Houlston R, Jenkins RB, Wrensch M, Yeager M, Ahlbom A, Albanes D, Andersson U, Freeman LEB, Buring JE, Butler MA, Braganza M, Carreon T, Feychting M, Fleming SJ, Gapstur SM, Gaziano JM, Giles GG, Hallmans G, Henriksson R, Hoffman-Bolton J, Inskip PD, Johansen C, Kitahara CM, Lathrop M, Liu C, Le Marchand L, Linet MS, Lonn S, Peters U, Purdue MP, Rothman N, Ruder AM, Sanson M, Sesso HD, Severi G, Shu XO, Simon M, Stampfer M, Stevens VL, Visvanathan K, White E, Wolk A, Zeleniuch-Jacquotte A, Zheng W, Decker P, Enciso-Mora V, Fridley B, Gao YT, Kosel M, Lachance DH, Lau C, Rice T, Swerdlow A, Wiemels JL, Wiencke JK, Shete S, Xiang YB, Xiao Y, Hoover RN, Fraumeni JF, Chatterjee N, Hartge P, Chanock SJ. Genome-wide association study of glioma and meta-analysis. Hum Genet 2012; 131:1877-88. [PMID: 22886559 DOI: 10.1007/s00439-012-1212-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 188] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2012] [Accepted: 07/22/2012] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Gliomas account for approximately 80 % of all primary malignant brain tumors and, despite improvements in clinical care over the last 20 years, remain among the most lethal tumors, underscoring the need for gaining new insights that could translate into clinical advances. Recent genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified seven new susceptibility regions. We conducted a new independent GWAS of glioma using 1,856 cases and 4,955 controls (from 14 cohort studies, 3 case-control studies, and 1 population-based case-only study) and found evidence of strong replication for three of the seven previously reported associations at 20q13.33 (RTEL), 5p15.33 (TERT), and 9p21.3 (CDKN2BAS), and consistent association signals for the remaining four at 7p11.2 (EGFR both loci), 8q24.21 (CCDC26) and 11q23.3 (PHLDB1). The direction and magnitude of the signal were consistent for samples from cohort and case-control studies, but the strength of the association was more pronounced for loci rs6010620 (20q,13.33; RTEL) and rs2736100 (5p15.33, TERT) in cohort studies despite the smaller number of cases in this group, likely due to relatively more higher grade tumors being captured in the cohort studies. We further examined the 85 most promising single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers identified in our study in three replication sets (5,015 cases and 11,601 controls), but no new markers reached genome-wide significance. Our findings suggest that larger studies focusing on novel approaches as well as specific tumor subtypes or subgroups will be required to identify additional common susceptibility loci for glioma risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Preetha Rajaraman
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, USA.
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Bhattacharjee S, Rajaraman P, Jacobs KB, Wheeler WA, Melin BS, Hartge P, Yeager M, Chung CC, Chanock SJ, Chatterjee N. A subset-based approach improves power and interpretation for the combined analysis of genetic association studies of heterogeneous traits. Am J Hum Genet 2012; 90:821-35. [PMID: 22560090 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2012.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 182] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2011] [Revised: 02/04/2012] [Accepted: 03/15/2012] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Pooling genome-wide association studies (GWASs) increases power but also poses methodological challenges because studies are often heterogeneous. For example, combining GWASs of related but distinct traits can provide promising directions for the discovery of loci with small but common pleiotropic effects. Classical approaches for meta-analysis or pooled analysis, however, might not be suitable for such analysis because individual variants are likely to be associated with only a subset of the traits or might demonstrate effects in different directions. We propose a method that exhaustively explores subsets of studies for the presence of true association signals that are in either the same direction or possibly opposite directions. An efficient approximation is used for rapid evaluation of p values. We present two illustrative applications, one for a meta-analysis of separate case-control studies of six distinct cancers and another for pooled analysis of a case-control study of glioma, a class of brain tumors that contains heterogeneous subtypes. Both the applications and additional simulation studies demonstrate that the proposed methods offer improved power and more interpretable results when compared to traditional methods for the analysis of heterogeneous traits. The proposed framework has applications beyond genetic association studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samsiddhi Bhattacharjee
- Biostatistics Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, 6120 Executive Boulevard, Rockville, MD 20852, USA
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Hofer P, Baierl A, Bernhart K, Leeb G, Mach K, Micksche M, Gsur A. Association of genetic variants of human telomerase with colorectal polyps and colorectal cancer risk. Mol Carcinog 2012; 51 Suppl 1:E176-82. [DOI: 10.1002/mc.21911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2012] [Revised: 02/23/2012] [Accepted: 03/07/2012] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Song X, Zhou K, Zhao Y, Huai C, Zhao Y, Yu H, Chen Y, Chen G, Chen H, Fan W, Mao Y, Lu D. Fine mapping analysis of a region of 20q13.33 identified five independent susceptibility loci for glioma in a Chinese Han population. Carcinogenesis 2012; 33:1065-71. [PMID: 22387365 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgs117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Genome-wide association studies have identified the susceptibility single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of glioma at chromosome 20q13.33, and the replication study conducted among Chinese Han population also confirmed the susceptibility locus rs6010620 is located in this region. To identify other genetic variants in 20q13.33, we genotyped 13 common tagging SNPs and imputed 86 additional SNPs in a region ∼100 kb at 20q13.33 among 1027 controls and 987 cases. Among 99 SNPs, five independent susceptibility loci (20-62315594 in RTEL1, 20-62335293 in adenosine diphosphate ribosylation factor-related protein 1, rs3761121 in ZGPAT, rs1058319 in SLC2A4RG and rs5019252 in ZBTB46) were identified for glioma. Two of the five SNPs (20-62335293, P = 3.09 × 10(-10) and rs1058319, P = 1.26 × 10(-11)) satisfied the threshold of genome-wide significance (P < 10(-8)). Further stratified analysis revealed that 20-62315594 was only significantly associated with glioblastoma (GBM) risk [P = 1.71 × 10(-8) for trend test, adjusted odds ratio (OR) = 1.99, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.57-2.52]. Other four SNPs were significantly associated with both GBM and astrocytoma. The risk of glioma increased with the increase of the number of risk alleles (P = 1.94 × 10(-11), for trend test, adjusted OR = 1.43, 95% CI = 1.29-1.58), and the individuals who carried 7-10 risk alleles had a 2.64-fold increased risk of glioma development compared with those who carried 0 risk allele (P = 8.71 × 10(-7), adjusted OR = 2.64, 95% CI = 1.79-3.88). Our results indicated a complex effect contributing to glioma risk at 20q13.33, which may provide a new insight into glioma development. Both variants and genes in this region should be considered in future studies designed to investigate the biological functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Song
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Fudan-VARI Genetic Epidemiology Center, School of Life Sciences and Institutes for Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW A small percentage of gliomas are caused by inheritance in cancer syndromes but there is also a general familial aggregation of glioma. Recently, low penetrant genes associated with glioma risk have been identified. RECENT FINDINGS Seven independent chromosomal loci have robustly been associated with glioma risk: 5p15.33 (rs2736100, TERT), 8q24.21 (rs4295627, CCDC26), 9p21.3 (rs4977756, CDKN2A-CDKN2B), 20q13.33 (rs6010620, RTEL1), and 11q23.3 (rs498872, PHLDB1), and two loci at 7p11.2 (rs11979158 and rs2252586, EGFR). Several of these genes are obvious candidates in their role for chromosomal integrity and glioma progression. Moreover, all loci but the EGFR and CDKN2A genes display a pattern of association to certain glioma subtypes. SUMMARY The causes of glioma have until recently been unknown for most cases, partly due to lack of statistically powered studies enabling subclassification of glioma subtypes. The novel chromosomal loci associated with different glioma subtypes have provided us with an additional understanding of causes of glioma. All low penetrant genes contribute with a modest increased risk and cannot by themselves be used for risk prediction. Nevertheless, they could provide a tool to understand the underlying biology of glioma progression and to be used in future studies of gene-environment studies of specific glioma subtypes.
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MMP-9 silencing regulates hTERT expression via β1 integrin-mediated FAK signaling and induces senescence in glioma xenograft cells. Cell Signal 2011; 23:2065-75. [PMID: 21855630 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2011.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2011] [Revised: 08/01/2011] [Accepted: 08/02/2011] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
In more than 90% of cancers including glioma, telomere elongation reverse transcriptase (hTERT) is overexpressed. In the present study, we sought to explore whether matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) shRNA could alter hTERT-mediated proliferation in glioma cells. MMP-9 shRNA induced senescence and apoptosis in glioma cells by inhibiting hTERT expression and telomere activity. MMP-9 silencing decreased oncogenic c-Myc expression (hTERT activator), whereas the expression of the c-Myc antagonist MAD increased drastically (hTERT repressor); both c-Myc and MAD are transcription factors for hTERT. In addition, MMP-9 suppression turns the switch from c-Myc/MAX to MAD/MAX heterodimer binding to the hTERT promoter as determined by chromatin immunoprecipitation assay. We also show that silencing MAD via siRNA restored hTERT expression and inhibited senescence in glioma cells. MMP-9 transcriptional suppression decreased the expression of FAK, phospho FAK and β1 integrin in glioma xenograft cells. Further, MMP-9 suppression decreased the interaction of β1 integrin/FAK and also MMP-9/β1 integrin as confirmed by immunoprecipitation analysis. Studies with either function blocking β1 integrin or FAK shRNA indicate that suppression of MMP-9 decreased β1 integrin-mediated induction of FAK, which led to decreased hTERT expression. Moreover, 4910 and 5310 glioma xenograft tissue sections from mice treated with MMP-9 shRNA showed reduced expression of FAK/c-Myc and elevated MAD levels. Decreased co-localization of β1 integrin and MMP-9 was associated with MMP-9-suppressed tumor sections. Further, immunoprecipitation analysis showed decreased association of proteins involved in telomere end repair in MMP-9 shRNA-treated glioma cells. Elevated levels of p73 and TRAIL and the results of the FACS analysis show induction of apoptosis in MMP-9-silenced glioma cells. Taken together, these data provide new insights into the mechanisms underlying MMP-9-mediated hTERT expression in glioma proliferation.
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Dubrow R, Darefsky AS. Demographic variation in incidence of adult glioma by subtype, United States, 1992-2007. BMC Cancer 2011; 11:325. [PMID: 21801393 PMCID: PMC3163630 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-11-325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2011] [Accepted: 07/29/2011] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We hypothesized that race/ethnic group, sex, age, and/or calendar period variation in adult glioma incidence differs between the two broad subtypes of glioblastoma (GBM) and non-GBM. Primary GBM, which constitute 90-95% of GBM, differ from non-GBM with respect to a number of molecular characteristics, providing a molecular rationale for these two broad glioma subtypes. METHODS We utilized data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program for 1992-2007, ages 30-69 years. We compared 15,088 GBM cases with 9,252 non-GBM cases. We used Poisson regression to calculate adjusted rate ratios and 95% confidence intervals. RESULTS The GBM incidence rate increased proportionally with the 4th power of age, whereas the non-GBM rate increased proportionally with the square root of age. For each subtype, compared to non-Hispanic Whites, the incidence rate among Blacks, Asians/Pacific Islanders, and American Indians/Alaskan Natives was substantially lower (one-fourth to one-half for GBM; about two-fifths for non-GBM). Secondary to this primary effect, race/ethnic group variation in incidence was significantly less for non-GBM than for GBM. For each subtype, the incidence rate was higher for males than for females, with the male/female rate ratio being significantly higher for GBM (1.6) than for non-GBM (1.4). We observed significant calendar period trends of increasing incidence for GBM and decreasing incidence for non-GBM. For the two subtypes combined, we observed a 3% decrease in incidence between 1992-1995 and 2004-2007. CONCLUSIONS The substantial difference in age effect between GBM and non-GBM suggests a fundamental difference in the genesis of primary GBM (the driver of GBM incidence) versus non-GBM. However, the commonalities between GBM and non-GBM with respect to race/ethnic group and sex variation, more notable than the somewhat subtle, albeit statistically significant, differences, suggest that within the context of a fundamental difference, some aspects of the complex process of gliomagenesis are shared by these subtypes as well. The increasing calendar period trend of GBM incidence coupled with the decreasing trend of non-GBM incidence may at least partly be due to a secular trend in diagnostic fashion, as opposed to real changes in incidence of these subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Dubrow
- Yale School of Public Health, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520-8034, USA.
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Sanson M, Hosking FJ, Shete S, Zelenika D, Dobbins SE, Ma Y, Enciso-Mora V, Idbaih A, Delattre JY, Hoang-Xuan K, Marie Y, Boisselier B, Carpentier C, Wang XW, Di Stefano AL, Labussière M, Gousias K, Schramm J, Boland A, Lechner D, Gut I, Armstrong G, Liu Y, Yu R, Lau C, Di Bernardo MC, Robertson LB, Muir K, Hepworth S, Swerdlow A, Schoemaker MJ, Wichmann HE, Müller M, Schreiber S, Franke A, Moebus S, Eisele L, Försti A, Hemminki K, Lathrop M, Bondy M, Houlston RS, Simon M. Chromosome 7p11.2 (EGFR) variation influences glioma risk. Hum Mol Genet 2011; 20:2897-904. [PMID: 21531791 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddr192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
While gliomas are the most common primary brain tumors, their etiology is largely unknown. To identify novel risk loci for glioma, we conducted genome-wide association (GWA) analysis of two case-control series from France and Germany (2269 cases and 2500 controls). Pooling these data with previously reported UK and US GWA studies provided data on 4147 glioma cases and 7435 controls genotyped for 424 460 common tagging single-nucleotide polymorphisms. Using these data, we demonstrate two statistically independent associations between glioma and rs11979158 and rs2252586, at 7p11.2 which encompasses the EGFR gene (population-corrected statistics, P(c) = 7.72 × 10(-8) and 2.09 × 10(-8), respectively). Both associations were independent of tumor subtype, and were independent of EGFR amplification, p16INK4a deletion and IDH1 mutation status in tumors; compatible with driver effects of the variants on glioma development. These findings show that variation in 7p11.2 is a determinant of inherited glioma risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Sanson
- Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6, Centre de Recherche de l’Institut du Cerveau et de la Moëlle épinière/UMR-S975, GH Pitié-Salpêtrière, 47 boulevard de l'Hôpital, Paris, France
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A genetic variant in the APE1/Ref-1 gene promoter -141T/G may modulate risk of glioblastoma in a Chinese Han population. BMC Cancer 2011; 11:104. [PMID: 21429202 PMCID: PMC3072948 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-11-104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2010] [Accepted: 03/23/2011] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The human apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1/Redox effector factor-1 (APE1/Ref-1) is implicated in tumor development and progression. Recently, the APE1/Ref-1 promoter -141T/G variant (rs1760944) has been reported to be associated with lung cancer risk. Given the importance of APE1/Ref-1 in both DNA repair and redox activity, we speculate that the -141T/G polymorphism may confer individual susceptibility to gliomas or its subtypes. Methods The APE1/Ref-1 -141T/G polymorphism was analyzed in a case-control study including 766 glioma patients (among them 241 glioblastoma, 284 astrocytomas except for glioblastoma and 241 other gliomas) and 824 cancer-free controls from eastern China. Genotyping was performed with Sequenom MassARRAY iPLEX platform by use of allele-specific MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry assay. We estimated odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) using unconditional logistic regression. A test of trend was calculated using the genotype as an ordinal variable in the regression model. For each statistically significant association identified, we estimated the false positive reporting probability (FPRP). FPRP values less than 0.2 were consider to indicate robust associations. Results The significant association between the APE1/Ref-1 promoter -141T/G polymorphism and glioma risk was not observed. However, the stratified analysis by histology revealed the variant allele G significantly decreased glioblastoma risk (OR = 0.80, 95% CI = 0.65-0.98, P = 0.032). Individuals with the homozygous -141GG genotype exhibited 46% reduced risk of glioblastoma (adjusted OR = 0.54, 95% CI 0.34-0.87, P = 0.012), compared with the TT homozygote. This result remained robust given the prior probabilities of 25% (FPRP = 0.052) and 10% (FPRP = 0.140), but not with a prior probability of 1% (FPRP = 0.643). The P-associated with the trend test was 0.014. Conclusions Our results suggest that a specific genetic variant located in the APE1/Ref-1 promoter may modulate risk of glioblastoma, but not for other histological gliomas. Larger studies with more APE1 polymorphisms are required to validate these preliminary findings.
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Egan KM, Thompson RC, Nabors LB, Olson JJ, Brat DJ, Larocca RV, Brem S, Moots PL, Madden MH, Browning JE, Ann Chen Y. Cancer susceptibility variants and the risk of adult glioma in a US case-control study. J Neurooncol 2011; 104:535-42. [PMID: 21203894 DOI: 10.1007/s11060-010-0506-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2010] [Accepted: 12/13/2010] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Malignant gliomas are the most common and deadly brain tumors. Although their etiology remains elusive, recent studies have narrowed the search for genetic loci that influence risk. We examined variants implicated in recent cancer genome-wide association studies (GWAS) for associations with glioma risk in a US case-control study. Cases were identified from neurosurgical and neuro-oncology clinics at major academic centers in the Southeastern US. Controls were identified from the community or were friends or other associates of cases. We examined a total of 191 susceptibility variants in genes identified in published cancer GWAS including glioma. A total of 639 glioma cases and 649 controls, all Caucasian, were included in analysis. Cases were enrolled a median of 1 month following diagnosis. Among glioma GWAS-identified variants, we detected associations in CDKN2B, RTEL1, TERT and PHLDB1, whereas we did not find overall associations for CCDC26. Results showed clear heterogeneity according to histologic subtypes of glioma, with TERT and RTEL variants a feature of astrocytic tumors and glioblastoma (GBM), CCDC26 and PHLDB1 variants a feature of astrocytic and oligodendroglial tumors, and CDKN2B variants most prominent in GBM. No examined variant in other cancer GWAS was found to be related to risk after adjustment for multiple comparisons. These results suggest that GWAS-identified SNPs in glioma mark different molecular etiologies in glioma. Stratification by broad histological subgroups may shed light on molecular mechanisms and assist in the discovery of novel loci in future studies of genetic susceptibility variants in glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen M Egan
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology & Genetics, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA.
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