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Chen D, Wang S, Yang W, Lu H, Ren Q. Obesity, abdominal obesity, metabolic obesity phenotypes, and Helicobacter pylori infection: results from NHANES 1999-2000. BMC Infect Dis 2024; 24:676. [PMID: 38971751 PMCID: PMC11227695 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-024-09409-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/08/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent studies on the association between Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection and obesity have reported conflicting results. Therefore, the purpose of our study was to investigate the association of obesity, abdominal obesity, and metabolic obesity phenotypes with H. pylori infection. METHODS A cross-sectional study of 1568 participants aged 20 to 85 was conducted using the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) cycle 1999-2000. Logistic regression models were employed to evaluate the association of general obesity as defined by body mass index (BMI), abdominal obesity as defined by waist circumference (WC) and waist-height ratio (WHtR), and metabolic obesity phenotypes with H. pylori seropositivity. Subgroup analyses stratified by age were conducted to explore age-specific differences in this association. RESULTS After grouping individuals according to their WHtR, the prevalence rate of WHtR ≥ 0.5 in H. pylori-seropositive participants was significantly higher than that in H. pylori-seronegative participants (79.75 vs. 68.39, P < 0.001). The prevalence of H. pylori seropositivity in non-abdominal obesity and abdominal obesity defined by WHtR was 24.97% and 31.80%, respectively (P < 0.001). In the subgroup analysis, the adjusted association between abdominal obesity, as defined by the WHtR, and H. pylori seropositivity was significant in subjects aged < 50 years (OR = 2.23; 95% CI, 1.24-4.01; P = 0.01) but not in subjects aged ≥ 50 years (OR = 0.84; 95% CI, 0.35-1.99; P = 0.66). Subjects older than 50 years old had an OR (95% CI) for metabolically healthy obesity of 0.04 (0.01-0.35) compared with the control group. H. pylori seropositivity was consistently not associated with obesity as defined by BMI. CONCLUSIONS Abdominal obesity, as defined by the WHtR, was associated with H. pylori infection in subjects aged ≤ 50 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danni Chen
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Shiling Wang
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Wei Yang
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Hong Lu
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
- Gansu Province Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Lanzhou, China
| | - Qian Ren
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
- Gansu Province Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Lanzhou, China.
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Feng Q, Bešević J, Conroy M, Omiyale W, Woodward M, Lacey B, Allen N. Waist-to-height ratio and body fat percentage as risk factors for ischemic cardiovascular disease: a prospective cohort study from UK Biobank. Am J Clin Nutr 2024; 119:1386-1396. [PMID: 38839194 PMCID: PMC11196863 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajcnut.2024.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The independent effect of waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) and body fat percentage (BF%) on ischemic cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains uncertain. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to investigate the independent associations of WHtR and BF% with ischemic CVD. METHODS This prospective cohort study used data from the UK Biobank. BF% was calculated as fat mass divided by body weight, measured by bioimpedance. Cox models estimated hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for overall and sex-specific associations of BF% and WHtR with risks of ischemic CVD and its main subtypes [myocardial infarction (MI) and ischemic stroke (IS)], adjusted for a range of potential confounders, including mutual adjustment for BF% and WHtR. RESULTS In total, 468,333 participants without existing CVD were included in the analysis. During 12 y of follow-up, 20,151 ischemic CVD events, 13,604 MIs, and 6681 ISs were recorded. WHtR was linearly associated with ischemic CVD, MI, and IS, with an HR per 5% increase of 1.23 (95% CI: 1.20, 1.25), 1.24 (95% CI: 1.21, 1.27), and 1.22 (95% CI: 1.18, 1.26), respectively, independent of BF%. A stronger association between WHtR and MI was seen in females than in males. The association of BF% with these outcomes was substantially attenuated in both sexes after adjustment for WHtR. For example, in females, the HR (highest compared with lowest fifth) was reduced from 1.94 (95% CI: 1.76, 2.15) to 1.04 (95% CI: 0.90, 1.01) for ischemic CVD, from 2.04 (95% CI: 1.79, 2.32) to 0.97 (95% CI: 0.81, 1.16) for MI, and from 1.81 (95% CI: 1.54, 2.13) to 1.07 (95% CI: 0.85, 1.33) for IS. CONCLUSIONS WHtR, when used as a proxy measure for central obesity, is linearly associated with ischemic CVD in both sexes, which is independent of BF%. In contrast, the relationship of BF% with these health outcomes is predominantly driven by its correlation with WHtR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Feng
- Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
| | - Jelena Bešević
- Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; UK Biobank, Stockport, United Kingdom
| | - Megan Conroy
- Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; UK Biobank, Stockport, United Kingdom
| | - Wemimo Omiyale
- Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; UK Biobank, Stockport, United Kingdom
| | - Mark Woodward
- The George Institute for Global Health, University of New South Wales, Newtown, NSW, Australia; The George Institute for Global Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ben Lacey
- Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; UK Biobank, Stockport, United Kingdom.
| | - Naomi Allen
- Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; UK Biobank, Stockport, United Kingdom
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Bacha AA, Suhail M, Awwad FA, Ismail EAA, Ahmad H. Role of dietary fiber and lifestyle modification in gut health and sleep quality. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1324793. [PMID: 38633603 PMCID: PMC11022964 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1324793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Dietary fiber has an immense role in the gut microbiome by modulating juvenile growth, immune system maturation, glucose, and lipid metabolism. Lifestyle changes might disrupt gut microbiota symbiosis, leading to various chronic diseases with underlying inflammatory conditions, obesity, and its associated pathologies. An interventional study of 16 weeks examined the impact of psyllium husk fiber with and without lifestyle modification on gut health and sleep quality in people with central obesity (men = 60 and women = 60), those aged from 40 to 60 years, those having WC ≥ 90 cm (men) and WC ≥ 80 cm (women), and no history of any chronic disease or regular medication. The participants were subgrouped into three intervention groups, namely, the psyllium husk fiber (PSH) group, the lifestyle modification (LSM) group, and the LSM&PSH group and control group with equal gender bifurcation (men = 15 and women = 15). A 24-h dietary recall, gastrointestinal tract (GIT) symptoms, and sleep quality analysis data were collected on validated questionnaires. The analyses of variance and covariance were used for baseline and post-intervention, respectively. Student's t-test was applied for pre- and post-intervention changes on the variable of interest. The intervention effect on GIT health was highly significant (P < 0.001). The mean GIT scores of the LSM, PSH, and LSM&PSH groups were 2.99 ± 0.14, 2.49 ± 0.14, and 2.71 ± 0.14, respectively, compared to the mean GIT scores of the control group. No significant (P = 0.205) effect of either intervention was observed on sleep quality. The study concluded that psyllium husk fiber significantly improved the GIT symptoms, while no significant effect of the intervention was observed on sleep quality analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amjad Ali Bacha
- Department of Human Nutrition, The University of Agriculture Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan
- Amir Muhammad Khan Campus Mardan, The University of Agriculture Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Suhail
- Amir Muhammad Khan Campus Mardan, The University of Agriculture Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Fuad A. Awwad
- Department of Quantitative Analysis, College of Business Administration, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Emad A. A. Ismail
- Department of Quantitative Analysis, College of Business Administration, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hijaz Ahmad
- Center for Applied Mathematics and Bioinformatics, Gulf University for Science and Technology, Mishref, Kuwait
- Department of Computer Science and Mathematics, Lebanese American University, Beirut, Lebanon
- Section of Mathematics, International Telematic University Uninettuno, Rome, Italy
- Near East University, Operational Research Center in Healthcare, Nicosia, Türkiye
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Gumilang RA, Fan YC, Wu SH, Bai CH. Adiposity indices and their higher predictive value for new-onset hypertension in metabolically healthy young women: findings from a population-based prospective cohort study. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2024; 24:150. [PMID: 38475731 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-024-03817-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The present study aimed to investigate the predictive ability of selected adiposity indices, such as body mass index (BMI), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), waist circumference (WC), and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), for new-onset hypertension in metabolically healthy Taiwanese adults. The study also sought to establish sex-specific cutoff points for these indices and to analyze the risk of new-onset hypertension, taking into account sex and age. METHODS This prospective cohort study utilized the Taiwan Biobank database to examine metabolically healthy participants aged between 20 and 65 at baseline. Four adiposity indices, namely BMI, WHR, WC, and WHtR, were calculated and used to predict new-onset hypertension over 4 years. Receiver operating characteristics (ROCs) and areas under the curve (AUCs) were used to evaluate the effectiveness of the parameters in predicting new-onset hypertension over 4 years. Sex-specific cutoff points were identified and used to assess the risk of new-onset hypertension. RESULTS This study analyzed 13,375 participants over 4.28 years. The incidence of new-onset hypertension was 17.65%. The new-onset rate of hypertension was 34.39% in men and 65.61% in women. Adiposity indices effectively predict new-onset hypertension, with WHtR having the highest predictive value (i.e., AUC) for both sexes. The classification of participants into low and high categories for each adiposity index was based on sex-specific cutoff points, and the risk of new-onset hypertension was assessed according to sex and age. This study found that high adiposity indices predicted a significantly higher risk of new-onset hypertension in metabolically healthy adults. The risk was equal for both sexes. Young women had a higher risk of new-onset hypertension than middle-aged women when they were further categorized. All risk ratios of the indices in young women were over two-fold and significant. CONCLUSION According to the sex-specific cutoff point, high adiposity indices had a higher predictive value for new-onset hypertension in metabolically healthy Taiwanese young women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rizki Amalia Gumilang
- International Master/Ph.D. Program in Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing/Academic Hospital, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Yen-Chun Fan
- College of Nursing, National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Allied Health Education and Digital Learning, National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shang-Hao Wu
- School of Public Health, College of Public Health, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chyi-Huey Bai
- Department of Public Health, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
- School of Public Health, College of Public Health, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Mansoori A, Seifi N, Vahabzadeh R, Hajiabadi F, Mood MH, Harimi M, Poudineh M, Ferns G, Esmaily H, Ghayour-Mobarhan M. The relationship between anthropometric indices and the presence of hypertension in an Iranian population sample using data mining algorithms. J Hum Hypertens 2024; 38:277-285. [PMID: 38040904 DOI: 10.1038/s41371-023-00877-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
Hypertension (HTN) is a common chronic condition associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Anthropometric indices of adiposity are known to be associated with a risk of HTN. The aim of this study was to identify the anthropometric indices that best associate with HTN in an Iranian population. 9704 individuals aged 35-65 years were recruited as part of the Mashhad Stroke and Heart Atherosclerotic Disorder (MASHAD) study. Demographic and anthropometric data of all participants were recorded. HTN was defined as a systolic blood pressure (SBP) ≥ 140 mmHg, and/ or a diastolic blood pressure (DBP) ≥ 90 mmHg on two subsequent measurements, or being treated with oral drug therapy for BP. Data mining methods including Logistic Regression (LR), Decision Tree (DT), and Bootstrap Forest (BF) were applied. Of 9704 participants, 3070 had HTN, and 6634 were normotensive. LR showed that body roundness index (BRI), body mass index (BMI) and visceral adiposity index (VAI) were significantly associated with HTN in both genders (P < 0.0001). BRI showed the greatest association with HTN (OR = 1.276, 95%CI = (1.224, 1.330)). For BMI we had OR = 1.063, 95%CI = (1.047, 1.080), for VAI we had OR = 1.029, 95%CI = (1.020, 1.038). An age < 47 years and BRI < 4.04 was associated with a 90% probability of being normotensive. The BF indicated that age, sex and BRI had the most important role in HTN. In summary, among anthropometric indices the most powerful indicator for discriminating hypertensive from normotensive patients was BRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amin Mansoori
- International UNESCO center for Health-Related Basic Sciences and Human Nutrition, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Health, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Applied Mathematics, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Najmeh Seifi
- International UNESCO center for Health-Related Basic Sciences and Human Nutrition, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Reihaneh Vahabzadeh
- Student Research Committee, Paramedicine Faculty, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Hajiabadi
- Student Research Committee, Paramedicine Faculty, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Melika Hakimi Mood
- Department of Nutrition Sciences, Varastegan Institute for Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mahdiar Harimi
- Department of Nutrition Sciences, Varastegan Institute for Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohadeseh Poudineh
- Faculty of Medicine, Islamic Azad University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
- Student of Research Committee, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Gordon Ferns
- Brighton and Sussex Medical School, Division of Medical Education, Brighton, UK
| | - Habibollah Esmaily
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Health, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Majid Ghayour-Mobarhan
- International UNESCO center for Health-Related Basic Sciences and Human Nutrition, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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Pluimakers VG, van Atteveld JE, de Winter DTC, Bolier M, Fiocco M, Nievelstein RJAJ, Janssens GOR, Bresters D, van der Heiden-van der Loo M, de Vries ACH, Louwerens M, van der Pal HJ, Pluijm SMF, Ronckers CM, Versluijs AB, Kremer LCM, Loonen JJ, van Dulmen-den Broeder E, Tissing WJE, van Santen HM, van den Heuvel-Eibrink MM, Neggers SJCMM. Prevalence, risk factors, and optimal way to determine overweight, obesity, and morbid obesity in the first Dutch cohort of 2338 long-term survivors of childhood cancer: a DCCSS-LATER study. Eur J Endocrinol 2023; 189:495-507. [PMID: 37837608 DOI: 10.1093/ejendo/lvad139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Overweight and obesity are common challenges among childhood cancer survivors. Overweight may be disguised, as survivors can have normal weight but high fat percentage (fat%) on dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). We aimed to assess prevalence, identify determinants and biomarkers, and assess which method captures overweight best, in a nationwide cohort. METHODS The prevalence of overweight and obesity, primarily defined by body mass index (BMI), was assessed in the DCCSS-LATER cohort of adult survivors treated from 1963-2002, with the LifeLines cohort as reference. The associations between risk factors and overweight metrics were investigated using logistic regression. Additional overweight metrics included DXA fat%, waist circumference (WC), waist/hip ratio (WHR), waist/height ratio (WHtR), and high-molecular-weight (HMW) adiponectin. RESULTS A total of 2338 (mean age 35.5 years, follow-up 28.3 years) survivors participated. The overweight prevalence was 46.3% in men and 44.3% in women (obesity 11.2% and 15.9%, morbid obesity 2.4% and 5.4%), with highest rates among brain tumor survivors. Compared to controls, there was no overall increased overweight rate, but this was higher in women > 50 years, morbid obesity in men > 50 years. Overweight at cancer diagnosis (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 3.83, 95% CI 2.19-6.69), cranial radiotherapy (aOR = 3.21, 95% CI 1.99-5.18), and growth hormone deficiency (separate model, aOR = 1.61, 95% CI 1.00-2.59) were associated with overweight. Using BMI, WC, WHR, and WHtR, overweight prevalence was similar. Low HMW adiponectin, present in only 4.5% of survivors, was an insensitive overweight marker. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry-based classification identified overweight in an additional 30%, particularly after abdominal radiotherapy, total body irradiation, anthracyclines, and platinum. CONCLUSIONS Overweight occurs in almost half of long-term survivors. There was no overall increased incidence of overweight compared to controls. We identified factors associated with overweight, as well as subgroups of survivors in whom DXA can more reliably assess overweight.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Demi T C de Winter
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, 3584 CS Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Melissa Bolier
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, 3584 CS Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Marta Fiocco
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, 3584 CS Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Medical Statistics, Department of Biomedical Data Science, Leiden UMC, Leiden 2333 ZA, The Netherlands
- Mathematical Institute Leiden University, Leiden 2333 ZA, The Netherlands
| | - Rutger Jan A J Nievelstein
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, 3584 CS Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, UMC Utrecht, Utrecht 3584 CX, The Netherlands
| | - Geert O R Janssens
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, 3584 CS Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Radiation Oncology, UMC Utrecht, Utrecht 3584 CX, The Netherlands
| | - Dorine Bresters
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, 3584 CS Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Andrica C H de Vries
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, 3584 CS Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Pediatric Oncology/Hematology, Sophia Children's Hospital/Erasmus MC, Rotterdam 3015 CN, The Netherlands
| | - Marloes Louwerens
- Department of Internal Medicine, Leiden UMC, Leiden 2333 ZA, The Netherlands
| | | | - Saskia M F Pluijm
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, 3584 CS Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Cecile M Ronckers
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, 3584 CS Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Health Services Research, Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg, Oldenburg 26129, Germany
| | - Andrica B Versluijs
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, 3584 CS Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital/UMC Utrecht, Utrecht 3584 EA, The Netherlands
| | - Leontien C M Kremer
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, 3584 CS Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Emma Children's Hospital/Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam 1105 AZ, The Netherlands
| | | | | | - Wim J E Tissing
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, 3584 CS Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Pediatric Oncology/Hematology, University of Groningen, UMC Groningen, Groningen 9713 GZ, The Netherlands
| | - Hanneke M van Santen
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, 3584 CS Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital/UMC Utrecht, Utrecht 3584 EA, The Netherlands
| | | | - Sebastian J C M M Neggers
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, 3584 CS Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Medicine, Section Endocrinology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam 3015 GD, The Netherlands
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Navarro-Lomas G, Plaza-Florido A, De-la-O A, Castillo MJ, Amaro-Gahete FJ. Fit-Fat Index is better associated with heart rate variability compared to fitness and fatness alone as indicators of cardiometabolic human health. Am J Hum Biol 2023; 35:e23945. [PMID: 37337972 DOI: 10.1002/ajhb.23945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Cardiorespiratory fitness and fatness indicators have been related to heart rate variability (HRV) parameters. The Fit-Fat Index (FFI) is a single index combining cardiorespiratory fitness and fatness indicators. To the best of our knowledge, no studies have previously analyzed whether FFI are related to cardiac autonomic nervous system activity assessed through HRV parameters. This study aimed (i) to examine the association of cardiorespiratory fitness, fatness indicators, and FFI with HRV parameters; and (ii) to report what of the different fatness indicators included in FFI is better associated with HRV parameters in sedentary adults. METHODS One hundred and fifty healthy adults (74 women; 76 men), aged between 18 and 65 years old, participated in this cross-sectional study. We measured cardiorespiratory fitness (maximal oxygen consumption) and fatness indicators (waist-to-height ratio [WHR], fat mass percentage [FM%] and visceral adipose tissue [VAT]). Three FFIs were calculated as the quotient between cardiorespiratory fitness and one out of three possible fatness indicators: Fit-Fat Index calculated waist-to-height ratio (FFIWHR ), Fit-Fat Index calculated with FM% (FFIFM% ), and Fit-Fat Index calculated with VAT (FFIVAT ). HRV parameters were measured in resting conditions using a Polar RS800CX. RESULTS FFIWTHR , FFIFM% and FFIVAT were related to different HRV parameters (β ranges between -0.507 and 0.529; R2 ranges between 0.096 and 0.275; all p < .001) and the association was stronger with HRV parameters than the isolated fitness or fatness indicators (β ranges between -0.483 and 0.518; R2 ranges between 0.071 and 0.263; all p < .001). FFIVAT was the index more consistently associated with HRV parameters (β ranges between -0.507 and 0.529; R2 ranges between 0.235 and 0.275; all p < .001). CONCLUSION Our study suggests that compound FFIs are better predictors of HRV parameters than either cardiorespiratory fitness or fatness indicators alone. The FFIVAT was the best index in terms of its association to HRV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ginés Navarro-Lomas
- EFFECTS-262 Research Group, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Abel Plaza-Florido
- PROFITH "PROmoting FITness and Health Through Physical Activity" Research Group, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), Department of Physical and Sports Education, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Pediatric Exercise and Genomics Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California at Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Alejandro De-la-O
- EFFECTS-262 Research Group, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Manuel J Castillo
- EFFECTS-262 Research Group, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Francisco J Amaro-Gahete
- EFFECTS-262 Research Group, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- PROFITH "PROmoting FITness and Health Through Physical Activity" Research Group, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), Department of Physical and Sports Education, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria, ibs.Granada, Granada, Spain
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Zhong P, Tan S, Zhu Z, Zhu Z, Liang Y, Huang W, Wang W. Normal-weight central obesity and risk of cardiovascular and microvascular events in adults with prediabetes or diabetes: Chinese and British cohorts. Diabetes Metab Res Rev 2023; 39:e3707. [PMID: 37525502 DOI: 10.1002/dmrr.3707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the relationship between body fat distribution and risk of cardiometabolic and microvascular events among individuals with prediabetes or diabetes with normal body mass index (BMI). METHODS A total of 17,232 participants with prediabetes or diabetes from UK Biobank (UKB) with 12-year follow-up and 499 diabetic participants from China with 2-year follow-up with normal BMI were included. Anthropometric measurements of waist circumference (WC), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), and body fat composition assessment of trunk-to-leg fat ratio (TLFR) were obtained. Outcomes included incident all-cause and cardiovascular mortality and macrovascular and microvascular diseases. RESULTS In British cohort, participants with central obesity defined by WHR had 27%-54% higher risk of incident all-cause mortality (hazard ratio (HR) 1.42, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.23-1.64), cardiovascular mortality (HR 1.54 [1.15-2.07]), myocardial infarction (HR = 1.43 [1.15, 1.78]), stroke (HR 1.26 [0.90, 1.75]), heart failure (HR = 1.27 [1.00, 1.61]), diabetic nephropathy (HR 1.33 [1.07, 1.65]), and diabetic retinopathy (DR) (HR = 1.48 [1.12, 1.96]) than those without obesity. Central obesity defined by WC and WHtR was associated with 40%-44% and 23%-98% higher risks of developing diabetic events, respectively. In the Chinese cohort, individuals with abdominal obesity, defined by WC (HR 1.44) or WHtR (HR 1.43) but not by WHR, carried more than 40% higher risk of developing DR than those without it. Higher TLFR carried 1.30-2.85 times higher risk of CVD and microvascular diseases among the dysglycemic population. CONCLUSIONS Body fat distribution diseases among individuals with prediabetes or diabetes are associated with an increased risk of cardiometabolic and microvascular diseases independent of BMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pingting Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shaoying Tan
- School of Optometry, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
- Research Centre for SHARP Vision, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
- Centre for Eye and Vision Research (CEVR), Hong Kong, China
| | - Zhuoting Zhu
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Ziyu Zhu
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yi Liang
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenyong Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou, China
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9
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Anto EO, Boadu WIO, Korsah EE, Ansah E, Adua E, Frimpong J, Nyarkoa P, Tamakloe VCKT, Acheampong E, Asamoah EA, Opoku S, Afrifa-Yamoah E, Annani-Akollor ME, Obirikorang C. Unrecognized hypertension among a general adult Ghanaian population: An urban community-based cross-sectional study of prevalence and putative risk factors of lifestyle and obesity indices. PLOS GLOBAL PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 3:e0001973. [PMID: 37224164 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgph.0001973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Hypertension (HTN) is the leading cause of cardiovascular diseases. Nevertheless, most individuals in developing countries are unaware of their blood pressure status. We determined the prevalence of unrecognized hypertension and its association with lifestyle factors and new obesity indices among the adult population. This community-based study was conducted among 1288 apparently healthy adults aged 18-80 years in the Ablekuma North Municipality, Ghana. Sociodemographic, lifestyle characteristics, blood pressure and anthropometric indices were obtained. The prevalence of unrecognized HTN was 18.4% (237 / 1288). The age groups 45-54 years [aOR = 2.29, 95% CI (1.33-3.95), p = 0.003] and 55-79 years [aOR = 3.25, 95% CI (1.61-6.54), p = 0.001], being divorced [aOR = 3.02 95% CI (1.33-6.90), p = 0.008], weekly [aOR = 4.10, 95% CI (1.77-9.51), p = 0.001] and daily alcohol intake [aOR = 5.62, 95% CI (1.26-12.236), p = 0.028] and no exercise or at most once a week [aOR = 2.25, 95% CI (1.56-3.66), p = 0.001] were independently associated with HTN. Among males, the fourth quartile (Q4) of both body roundness index (BRI) and waist to height ratio (WHtR) [aOR = 5.19, 95% CI (1.05-25.50), p = 0.043] were independent determinants of unrecognized HTN. Among females, the third quartile (Q3) [aOR = 7.96, 95% CI (1.51-42.52), p = 0.015] and Q4 [aOR = 9.87 95% CI (1.92-53.31), p = 0.007] of abdominal volume index (AVI), the Q3 of both BRI and WHtR [aOR = 6.07, 95% CI (1.05-34.94), p = 0.044] and Q4 of both BRI and WHtR [aOR = 9.76, 95% CI (1.74-54.96), p = 0.010] were independent risk factors of HTN. Overall, BRI (AUC = 0.724) and WHtR (AUC = 0.724) for males and AVI (AUC = 0.728), WHtR (AUC = 0.703) and BRI (AUC = 0.703) for females yielded a better discriminatory power for predicting unrecognized HTN. Unrecognized hypertension is common among the apparently healthy adults. Increased awareness of its risk factors, screening, and promoting lifestyle modification is needed to prevent the onset of hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enoch Odame Anto
- Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Department of Medical Diagnostics, College of Health Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup Drive, Perth, Australia
- Centre for Precision Health, ECU Strategic Research Centre, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Australia
| | - Wina Ivy Ofori Boadu
- Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Department of Medical Diagnostics, College of Health Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Emmanuel Ekow Korsah
- Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Department of Medical Diagnostics, College of Health Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Ezekiel Ansah
- Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Department of Medical Diagnostics, College of Health Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Eric Adua
- Rural Clinical School, Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW Australia
| | - Joseph Frimpong
- Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Department of Medical Diagnostics, College of Health Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Patience Nyarkoa
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine and Dentistry, College of Health Science, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | | | - Emmanuel Acheampong
- Centre for Precision Health, ECU Strategic Research Centre, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Australia
| | - Evans Adu Asamoah
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine and Dentistry, College of Health Science, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Stephen Opoku
- Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Department of Medical Diagnostics, College of Health Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | | | - Max Efui Annani-Akollor
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine and Dentistry, College of Health Science, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Christian Obirikorang
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine and Dentistry, College of Health Science, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
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10
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Saberi‐Karimian M, Mansoori A, Bajgiran MM, Hosseini ZS, Kiyoumarsioskouei A, Rad ES, Zo MM, Khorasani NY, Poudineh M, Ghazizadeh S, Ferns G, Esmaily H, Ghayour‐Mobarhan M. Data mining approaches for type 2 diabetes mellitus prediction using anthropometric measurements. J Clin Lab Anal 2022; 37:e24798. [PMID: 36510349 PMCID: PMC9833979 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.24798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to evaluate the anthropometric measurements most associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) using machine learning approaches. METHODS A prospective study was designed for a total population of 9354 (43% men and 57% women) aged 35-65. Anthropometric measurements include weight, height, demispan, Hip Circumference (HC), Mid-arm Circumference (MAC), Waist Circumference (WC), Body Roundness Index (BRI), Body Adiposity Index (BAI), A Body Shape Index (ABSI), Body Mass Index (BMI), Waist-to-height Ratio (WHtR), and Waist-to-hip Ratio (WHR) were completed for all participants. The association was assessed using logistic regression (LR) and decision tree (DT) analysis. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was performed to evaluate the DT's accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity using R software. RESULTS Traditionally, 1461 women and 875 men with T2DM (T2DM group). According to the LR, in males, WC and BIA (p-value < 0.001) and in females, demispan and WC (p-value < 0.001) had the highest correlation with T2DM development risk. The DT indicated that WC has the most crucial effect on T2DM development risk, followed by HC, and BAI. CONCLUSIONS Our results showed that in both men and women, WC was the most important anthropometric factor to predict T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Saberi‐Karimian
- International UNESCO center for Health Related Basic Sciences and Human NutritionMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
| | - Amin Mansoori
- International UNESCO center for Health Related Basic Sciences and Human NutritionMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran,Department of Biostatistics, School of HealthMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
| | - Maryam Mohammadi Bajgiran
- International UNESCO center for Health Related Basic Sciences and Human NutritionMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
| | | | | | - Elias Sadooghi Rad
- Student Research Committee, School of MedicineMashhad University of Medical sciencesMashhadIran,Student Research Committee, School of MedicineBirjand University of Medical sciencesBirjandIran
| | - Mostafa Mahmoudi Zo
- Student Research Committee, School of MedicineMashhad University of Medical sciencesMashhadIran
| | - Negar Yeganeh Khorasani
- Student Research Committee, School of MedicineMashhad University of Medical sciencesMashhadIran
| | - Mohadeseh Poudineh
- Student Research Committee, School of MedicineMashhad University of Medical sciencesMashhadIran,School of MedicineZanjan University of Medical SciencesZanjanIran
| | - Sara Ghazizadeh
- Department of Biology, Faculty of SciencesMashhad Branch, Islamic Azad UniversityMashhadIran
| | - Gordon Ferns
- Brighton and Sussex Medical SchoolDivision of Medical EducationBrightonUK
| | - Habibollah Esmaily
- Department of Biostatistics, School of HealthMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran,Social Determinants of Health Research CenterMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
| | - Majid Ghayour‐Mobarhan
- International UNESCO center for Health Related Basic Sciences and Human NutritionMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
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11
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Albar SA. Dietary Omega-6/Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid (PUFA) and Omega-3 Are Associated With General and Abdominal Obesity in Adults: UK National Diet and Nutritional Survey. Cureus 2022; 14:e30209. [PMID: 36381926 PMCID: PMC9650245 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.30209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The link between dietary fats and obesity is still controversial, as in Western diets the percentage of energy from total fat has decreased while the intake of omega-6 has increased, and omega-3 decreased. These changes have corresponded with a significant increase in the prevalence of obesity. Objective This study aims to examine the association of percentages of energy intake (EI) from omega-3 and omega-6 and Σω-6/Σω-3 ratio with BMI and two proxy indicators of central obesity (waist circumference [WC], waist-to-height ratio [WHtR]) and relative fat mass (RFM) estimator of whole-body fat. Design A representative sample of 3,733 adults was used from the UK National Diet and Nutrition Survey Rolling Programme (2008/09-2018/19). An estimated four-day food record was used to calculate dietary intake. Regression models were used to verify the association of omega-3 and omega-6 and quintiles of Σω-6/ Σω-3 ratio with general and abdominal obesity with adjustment for important confounders. A p-value of <0.05 represented statistical significance. Results The findings of this study show that the average ratio of Σω-6/Σω-3 was 5.5:1 ± 2. There was a significant association between the ratio of Σω-6/Σω-3 and BMI, WC, WHtR and RFM. However, the percentage of total EI from total fat was only significant with BMI, while the percentage of EI from omega-3 was negatively associated with WC, WHtR and RFM. No association was found between the percentage of EI from omega-6 and general or abdominal obesity. Conclusion The effect of Σω-6/Σω-3 may be largely driven by a deficiency in the intake of omega-3. Omega-6 and omega-3 should be listed as such in national surveys instead of polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA). Meeting recommended levels of omega-3 and lowering Σω-6/Σω-3 are imperative to establish healthier dietary patterns and prevent obesity.
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12
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Deravi N, Moazzeni SS, Hasheminia M, Hizomi Arani R, Azizi F, Hadaegh F. Three-year weight change and risk of all-cause, cardiovascular, and cancer mortality among Iranian adults: over a decade of follow-up in the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:1762. [PMID: 36114528 PMCID: PMC9482273 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-14126-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background We investigated the impact of weight change on mortality in a population-based cohort setting. Methods We conducted two weight measurements for 5436 participants aged ≥ 30 years with an approximate 3-year interval. Based on their weight change, we categorized participants to: > 5% weight loss, 3–5% weight loss, stable weight (± < 3%), 3–5% weight gain, > 5% weight gain. We followed participants for mortality annually up to March 20th 2018. We applied the multivariable Cox proportional hazard models to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of weight change categories for all-cause, cardiovascular (CV), and cancer mortality, considering stable weight as reference. The Cox models was adjusted for age, sex, educational level, body mass index, smoking status, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease (CVD) at baseline. Results During a median follow-up of 14.4 years, 629 deaths (247 CV and 126 cancer deaths) have occurred. Over 5% weight loss and gain were associated with increased risk of all-cause mortality in multivariable analysis with HRs of 1.47 [95% CI: 1.17–1.85] and 1.27 [1.02–1.57], respectively; however, a 3–5% loss or gain did not alter the risk of all-cause mortality significantly. These significant risks for wight change > 5% were not modified by the presence of diabetes, obesity, and smoking status; however, the unfavorable impact of weight change on mortality events was more prominent in those older than > 65 years (P-value for interaction: 0.042). After excluding those with history of CVD, diabetes, and cancer during the weight measurements period, these associations significantly attenuated (HR: 1.29 [0.89–1.87] for > 5% weight loss and 1.12 [0.84–1.50] for > 5% weight gain). Additionally, a > 5% weight loss was also associated with about 60% higher risk for CV mortality (HR: 1.62 [1.15–2.28]), and a 3–5% weight loss was associated with about 95% higher risk of cancer mortality (HR: 1.95 [1.13–3.38]). Conclusions Our findings showed a U-shaped association across weight change categories for all-cause mortality risk with over 5% weight gain and loss causing higher risk. Moreover, weight loss can have adverse impact on CV and cancer mortality events. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12889-022-14126-4.
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13
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Borowska B, Suder A, Kliś K, Wronka I. Associations between Sleep Duration and Anthropometric Indices of Adiposity in Female University Students. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:11681. [PMID: 36141950 PMCID: PMC9517647 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191811681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To examine associations between sleep duration as well as time of going to sleep and anthropometric indices related to the amount and distribution of adiposity. MATERIAL A total of 969 female university students, aged 19-24 years. METHODS Participants self-reported their sleep duration. Body weight, height, and waist circumference were measured. BMI, WHR and WHtR were calculated. Statistical analyses of results involved logistic regression models. Socioeconomic status and level of stress were added as covariates. RESULTS In 15% of the sample, sleep was too short (<6 h), and 10% slept too long (>8 h). Compared to women who followed the recommended sleep duration, among short sleepers, both underweight and overweight were more frequent, while long sleepers were more likely to be overweight. A higher prevalence of abdominal obesity and increased risk of metabolic syndrome were observed in both short and long sleepers than in recommended sleepers. Irregular sleep times were connected with higher OR, both for BMI < 18.5 and BMI > 25, for WC > 80, and WHtR below 0.4 and above 0.5. Irregular sleep times also led to an increased risk of metabolic diseases prevalence. CONCLUSIONS Both too long and too short sleep increases the risk of overweight, obesity and abdominal obesity and, as a consequence, the risk of metabolic syndrome in young women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beata Borowska
- Department of Anthropology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Łódź, 90-136 Lodz, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Suder
- Department of Anatomy, University of Physical Education, 31-571 Krakow, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Kliś
- Department of Human Biology, University of Wroclaw, 50-137 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Iwona Wronka
- Laboratory of Anthropology, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Faculty of Biology, Jagiellonian University, 31-007 Krakow, Poland
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14
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Issaka A, Cameron AJ, Paradies Y, Bosu WK, Houehanou YCN, Kiwallo JB, Wesseh CS, Houinato DS, Nazoum DJP, Stevenson C. Effect of age and sex on the associations between potential modifiable risk factors and both type 2 diabetes and impaired fasting glycaemia among West African adults. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:1211. [PMID: 35715792 PMCID: PMC9206253 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-13588-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is becoming one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide, including among Africans. Knowledge of the association between traditional risk factors and both diabetes and pre-diabetes, and whether these differ by age and sex, is important for designing targeted interventions. However, little is known about these associations for African populations. Methods The study used data from WHO STEPS surveys, comprising 15,520 participants (6,774 men and 8,746 women) aged 25–64 years, from 5 different West African countries, namely Burkina Faso (4,711), Benin (3,816), Mali (1,772), Liberia (2,594), and Ghana (2,662). T-test and chi-square tests were used to compare differences in the prevalence of traditional risk factors for both sexes. Multinomial logistic regression was conducted to ascertain the relative risks (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for both T2DM and impaired fasting glucose (IFG) relating to each risk factor, including obesity [defined by BMI, waist circumference (WC), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR)], high blood pressure (HBP), fruit and vegetable consumption, physical inactivity, alcohol consumption, and smoking. Models for each of these traditional risk factors and interactions with age and sex were fitted. Results Factors associated with T2DM and IFG were age, obesity [defined by BMI, WC, WHtR, and WHR], HBP, smoking, physical inactivity, and fruit and vegetable consumption (p < 0.05). Analysis of interaction effects showed few significant differences in associations between risk factors and T2DM according to age or sex. Significant interaction with age was observed for HBP*age and T2DM [RR; 1.20, 95% CI: (1.01, 1.42)) (p = 0.04)], WHtR*age and T2DM [RR; 1.23, 95% CI: (1.06, 1.44) (p = 0.007)] and WHR*age and IFG [RR: 0.79, 95% CI: (0.67, 0.94) (p = 0.006)]. Some interactions with age and sex were observed for the association of alcohol consumption and both IFG and T2DM, but no clear patterns were observed. Conclusion The study found that with very few exceptions, associations between traditional risk factors examined and both IFG and T2DM did not vary by age or sex among the West African population. Policies and public health intervention strategies for the prevention of T2DM and IFG should target adults of any age or sex in West Africa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayuba Issaka
- School of Health and Social Development, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds Campus, Locked Bag 20000, Geelong, VIC, 3220, Australia. .,Alfred Deakin Institute for Citizenship and Globalisation, Faculty of Arts and Education, Deakin University, 221 Burwood Highway, Burwood, VIC, 3125, Australia. .,Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, 75 Commercial Road, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia.
| | - Adrian J Cameron
- School of Health and Social Development, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds Campus, Locked Bag 20000, Geelong, VIC, 3220, Australia
| | - Yin Paradies
- Alfred Deakin Institute for Citizenship and Globalisation, Faculty of Arts and Education, Deakin University, 221 Burwood Highway, Burwood, VIC, 3125, Australia
| | - William K Bosu
- West Africa Health Organization, 01 BP 153, Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso
| | - Yèssito Corine N Houehanou
- National School of Senior Technicians Training in Public Health and Epidemiological Surveillance, University of Parakou, Postal Box 122, Parakou, Benin
| | - Jean B Kiwallo
- Directorate of Population Health Protection (DPSP) of the Burkina Faso, Ministry of Health, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
| | - Chea S Wesseh
- Ministry of Health, Republic of Liberia. Congo Town, Monrovia, Liberia
| | - Dismand S Houinato
- Laboratory of Epidemiology of Chronic and Neurological Diseases (LEMACEN), Faculty of Health Sciences: 01 Postal, University of Abomey Calavi, Box 188, Cotonou, Benin
| | - Diarra J P Nazoum
- Former Head of Noncommunicable Diseases, National Directorate of Health, Ministry of Health and Public Hygiene, Bomako, Mali
| | - Christopher Stevenson
- School of Health and Social Development, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds Campus, Locked Bag 20000, Geelong, VIC, 3220, Australia
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15
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Mwene-Batu P, Bisimwa G, Donnen P, Bisimwa J, Tshongo C, Dramaix M, Hermans MP, Briend A. Risk of Chronic Disease after an Episode of Marasmus, Kwashiorkor or Mixed-Type Severe Acute Malnutrition in the Democratic Republic of Congo: The Lwiro Follow-Up Study. Nutrients 2022; 14:2465. [PMID: 35745195 PMCID: PMC9229924 DOI: 10.3390/nu14122465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2022] [Revised: 06/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Long-term impact of different forms of severe acute malnutrition (SAM) in childhood on the emergence of noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) is poorly known. Aim: To explore the association between subtypes of SAM during childhood, NCDs, and cardiovascular risk factors (CVRFs) in young adults 11 to 30 years after post-SAM nutritional rehabilitation. Methods: In this follow-up study, we investigated 524 adults (mean age 22 years) treated for SAM during childhood in eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) between 1988 and 2007. Among them, 142 had a history of marasmus, 175 of kwashiorkor, and 207 had mixed-form SAM. These participants were compared to 407 aged- and sex-matched control adults living in the same community without a history of SAM. Our outcomes of interest were cardiometabolic risk markers for NCDs. Logistic and linear regressions models were sued to estimate the association between subtype of SAM in childhood and risk of NCDs. Results: Compared to unexposed, former mixed-type SAM participants had a higher adjusted ORs of metabolic syndrome [2.68 (1.18; 8.07)], central obesity [1.89 (1.11; 3.21)] and low HDL-C (High-density lipoprotein cholesterol) [1.52 (1.08; 2.62)]. However, there was no difference between groups in terms of diabetes, high blood pressure, elevated LDL-C (low-density lipoprotein cholesterol) and hyper TG (hypertriglyceridemia) and overweightness. Former mixed-type SAM participants had higher mean fasting glucose [3.38 mg/dL (0.92; 7.7)], reduced muscle strength [−3.47 kg (−5.82; −1.11)] and smaller hip circumference [−2.27 cm (−4.24; −0.31)] compared to non-exposed. Regardless of subtypes, SAM-exposed participants had higher HbA1c than unexposed (p < 0.001). Those with a history of kwashiorkor had cardiometabolic and nutritional parameters almost superimposable to those of unexposed. Conclusion: The association between childhood SAM, prevalence of NCDs and their CVRFs in adulthood varies according to SAM subtypes, those with mixed form being most at risk. Multicenter studies on larger cohorts of older participants are needed to elucidate the impact of SAM subtypes on NCDs risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pacifique Mwene-Batu
- Ecole Régionale de Santé Publique, Université Catholique de Bukavu, Bukavu P.O. Box 285, Democratic Republic of the Congo; (G.B.); (J.B.)
- Faculté de Médecine, Université de Kaziba, Kaziba P.O. Box 85, Democratic Republic of the Congo
- Hôpital Provincial General de Reference de Bukavu, Université Catholique de Bukavu, Bukavu P.O. Box 162, Democratic Republic of the Congo;
| | - Ghislain Bisimwa
- Ecole Régionale de Santé Publique, Université Catholique de Bukavu, Bukavu P.O. Box 285, Democratic Republic of the Congo; (G.B.); (J.B.)
| | - Philippe Donnen
- Ecole de Santé Publique, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1070 Brussels, Belgium; (P.D.); (M.D.)
| | - Jocelyne Bisimwa
- Ecole Régionale de Santé Publique, Université Catholique de Bukavu, Bukavu P.O. Box 285, Democratic Republic of the Congo; (G.B.); (J.B.)
| | - Christian Tshongo
- Hôpital Provincial General de Reference de Bukavu, Université Catholique de Bukavu, Bukavu P.O. Box 162, Democratic Republic of the Congo;
| | - Michelle Dramaix
- Ecole de Santé Publique, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1070 Brussels, Belgium; (P.D.); (M.D.)
| | - Michel P. Hermans
- Division of Endocrinology & Nutrition, Cliniques Universitaires St-Luc, Université Catholique de Louvain, 1200 Brussels, Belgium;
| | - André Briend
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark;
- Center for Child Health Research, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, 33520 Tampere, Finland
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Association between Three Waist Circumference-Related Obesity Metrics and Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rates. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11102876. [PMID: 35629005 PMCID: PMC9147861 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11102876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Studies that have assessed the associations between obesity and the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) have reported inconsistent results. This cross-sectional study was performed to investigate the associations between three waist circumference (WC)-related obesity metrics (waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), and waist-to-height0.5 ratio (WHt.5R)) and eGFRs. This study included 2133 men and 3443 women who were older than 40 years with eGFRs ≥ 60 mL/min/1.73 m² from the Korean Multi-Rural Communities Cohort. We calculated the residual body mass index (BMI) to reduce multicollinearity among the obesity metrics and performed multiple linear regression. For both sexes, among the adjusted models, most of the general obesity metrics were significantly associated with eGFRs. Particularly for women, the WC-related and general obesity metrics had a stronger effect on eGFRs in the quartile models that included the BMI and the residual BMI, respectively. When WC-related obesity metrics had a stronger effect than the general obesity metric, for both sexes, WHtR showed a significant impact than WHt.5R and WHR on eGFRs. Reducing multicollinearity had an important role in assessing the obesity metrics’ association with eGFRs. Overall, applying the residual method in further studies might help with evaluating the obesity paradox on renal function.
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Čvorović A, Kukić F, Heinrich KM, Dopsaj M. Association of waist to height ratio with 2.4 kilometers running time among male police populations. Work 2022; 71:1097-1104. [DOI: 10.3233/wor-205105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Body anthropometrics are biologically predetermined, while morphology responds to energy intake and output and stressors, thus impacting health. Fitness is impacted by these bodily characteristics. OBJECTIVE: This study determined to what degree anthropomorphic measures and age of police officers determined 2.4 km running performance. METHODS: Age, height, weight, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) and 2.4 km running time (RUN) of 1916 male police officers were directly measured and analyzed. After determining correlations of anthropomorphic variables with RUN. Stepwise linear regressions evaluated individual associations of age, height, weight, BMI, WC, and WHtR with RUN, to determine the model with the highest predictive value of RUN performance. RESULTS: WHtR was the strongest RUN predictor (r = 0.672, R2 = 0.451, p < 0.001), while the best predictive model apart from WHtR also included age and BM (R2 = 0.556, p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: WHtR was the strongest anthropomorphic predictor of RUN performance. As a predictor, WHtR provides information on both anthropometric and morphology components of police officers. Its utilization among police occupations may be more effective than BMI as it better relates to performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandar Čvorović
- Police Sports Education Centre, Abu Dhabi Police, United Arab Emirates
- Higher College for Education of Trainers and Managers in Sport, “Football Academy”, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Filip Kukić
- Police Sports Education Centre, Abu Dhabi Police, United Arab Emirates
| | | | - Milivoj Dopsaj
- Faculty of Sport and Physical Education, University of Belgrade, Serbia
- Institute of Sport, Tourism and Service, South Ural State University, Chelyabinsk, Russia
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Amisi CA. Markers of insulin resistance in Polycystic ovary syndrome women: An update. World J Diabetes 2022; 13:129-149. [PMID: 35432749 PMCID: PMC8984569 DOI: 10.4239/wjd.v13.i3.129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common endocrine disorders, affecting 5%-10% of women of reproductive age. The importance of this syndrome lies in the magnitude of associated comorbidities: infertility, metabolic dysfunction, cardiovascular disease (CVD), plus psychological and oncological complications. Insulin resistance (IR) is a prominent feature of PCOS with a prevalence of 35%-80%. Without adequate management, IR with compensatory hyperinsulinemia contributes directly to reproductive dysfunction in women with PCOS. Furthermore, epidemiological data shows compelling evidence that PCOS is associated with an increased risk of impaired glucose tolerance, gestational diabetes mellitus and type 2 diabetes. In addition, metabolic dysfunction leads to a risk for CVD that increases with aging in women with PCOS. Indeed, the severity of IR in women with PCOS is associated with the amount of abdominal obesity, even in lean women with PCOS. Given these drastic implications, it is important to diagnose and treat insulin resistance as early as possible. Many markers have been proposed. However, quantitative assessment of IR in clinical practice remains a major challenge. The gold standard method for assessing insulin sensitivity is the hyperinsulinemic euglycemic glucose clamp. However, it is not used routinely because of the complexity of its procedure. Consequently, there has been an urgent need for surrogate markers of IR that are more applicable in large population-based epidemiological investigations. Despite this, many of them are either difficult to apply in routine clinical practice or useless for women with PCOS. Considering this difficulty, there is still a need for an accurate marker for easy, early detection and assessment of IR in women with PCOS. This review highlights markers of IR already used in women with PCOS, including new markers recently reported in literature, and it establishes a new classification for these markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chantal Anifa Amisi
- Endocrinology and Diabetes Unit, Department of Medicine, Universita Campus Bio-medico di Rome, Rome 00128, Italy
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19
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Prevalence of central obesity according to different definitions in normal weight adults of two cross-sectional studies in Panama. LANCET REGIONAL HEALTH. AMERICAS 2022; 10:100215. [PMID: 36777687 PMCID: PMC9904116 DOI: 10.1016/j.lana.2022.100215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Background Central Obesity (CO) might arise among individuals with normal body mass index (BMI). We aim to estimate the prevalence of Normal Weight CO (NWCO), using different definitions, and to compare its association with cardiometabolic risk factors in the adult population of Panama. Methods Data from two population-based studies conducted in Panama in 2010 and 2019 were used. Using standard definitions, normal weight was defined as a BMI between 18·5 and 24·9 while CO was defined as a Waist-to-Height Ratio (WHtR) ≥ 0·5 in both sexes or a Waist Circumference (WC) ≥ 90, ≥94, or ≥102 cm for men, and 80 or 88 cm for women. Unconditional logistic regression models were used to estimate the association between each CO definition and dyslipidemia, high blood pressure (HBP), diabetes, and clusters of cardiovascular risk factors. Findings Recent CO prevalence ranged between 3·9% (WC ≥ 102 cm for men and WC ≥ 88 cm for women) and 43·9% (WHtR ≥ 0·5) among individuals classify as normal weigh according to the BMI. Different cardiovascular risk factors were present in this normal weight population but among men the threshold of WC ≥ 102 cm screened less than 1·0%. Interpretation NWCO was associated with cardiovascular risk factors, particularly with elevated concentration of triglycerides. CO evaluation at the primary health care level may be a useful technique to identify normal weight people with metabolically obese characteristics. Funding Gorgas Memorial Institute for Health studies via Ministry of Economy and Finance of Panama and Inter-American Development Bank.
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20
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Soheilipour F, Hatami M, Salehiniya H, Alaei M. Indicators of Obesity and Cardio-metabolic Risks: Important Consideration in Adults and Children. Curr Diabetes Rev 2022; 18:e160721194839. [PMID: 34279205 DOI: 10.2174/1573399817666210716122123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The prevalence of obesity has dramatically increased all over the world. Body mass index (BMI) has been used as the most common available measure to determining obesity status. While the site of excessive fat mass accumulation is a stronger determinant of cardio-metabolic complication, with respect to systemic and generalized obesity, which is only determined through BMI. So, it is concluded that using traditional anthropometric indices such as BMI for interpreting the obesity status and cardio-metabolic risk has considerable limitations. Thus, the main aims of the present study are to discuss possible drawbacks of anthropometric indices especially BMI, which in epidemiological studies are usually neglected, as well as lend important consideration to using other anthropometric indices such as measurement of obesity and related cardio-metabolic complications with a special emphasis on the use of waist circumference, waist-to-hip ratio and waist-to-height ratio.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahimeh Soheilipour
- Pediatric growth and development research center, institute of endocrinology and metabolism, Iran University of Medical Science, Tehran,Iran
| | - Mahsa Hatami
- Minimally Invasive Surgery Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran | Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamid Salehiniya
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Mohammadreza Alaei
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Mofid Children's Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR ,Iran
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21
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Kim J, Pyo SS, Yoon DW. Obesity, Obstructive Sleep Apnea, and Metabolic Dysfunction. KOREAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL LABORATORY SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.15324/kjcls.2021.53.4.285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jinkwan Kim
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Jungwon University, Goesan, Korea
- Sleep Medicine Institute, Jungwon University, Goesan, Korea
| | - Sang Shin Pyo
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Jungwon University, Goesan, Korea
- Sleep Medicine Institute, Jungwon University, Goesan, Korea
| | - Dae Wui Yoon
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Jungwon University, Goesan, Korea
- Sleep Medicine Institute, Jungwon University, Goesan, Korea
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22
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Prevalence of Underweight, Overweight and Obesity among Adults in Urban Bissau, Western Africa. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13124199. [PMID: 34959751 PMCID: PMC8707413 DOI: 10.3390/nu13124199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Overweight and obesity affect a large proportion of the population and are important causes of death in both developed and low- and middle-income countries. In Guinea-Bissau, there are no previous population-based studies assessing this phenomenon. Therefore, we aimed to quantify the prevalence of underweight, overweight, and obesity among adults in Bissau. A stratified and cluster sample of 935 adults was assembled in 2021 and was evaluated using standardized questionnaires and anthropometric measurements, following the World Health Organization Stepwise Approach to Chronic Disease Risk Factor Surveillance. Underweight, obesity, and overweight were defined by body mass index based on the World Health Organization definitions. The prevalence of overweight and obesity was 48.7% among women and 25.0% among men. The proportion of women with abdominal obesity was 14 times higher than it was in men (35.3% vs. 2.5%). The prevalence of overweight and obesity increased with age and income. Underweight was more prevalent in the age group of 18 to 24 years (18.4% in women and 28.9% in men) and was less frequent among individuals with higher socioeconomic status. In conclusion, the prevalence of overweight and obesity is similar to the trends that are observed in many other urbanized populations in Africa and is already a major public health issue in urban Guinea-Bissau.
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Geto Z, Challa F, Lejisa T, Getahun T, Sileshi M, Nagasa B, Tolcha Y, Daniel Y, Getnet M, Molla MD, Degef M, Bekele A, Seifu D. Cardiometabolic syndrome and associated factors among Ethiopian public servants, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Sci Rep 2021; 11:20635. [PMID: 34667235 PMCID: PMC8526710 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-99913-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are increasingly becoming the global cause of premature death encompassing cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), cancer, respiratory diseases and diabetes mellitus. However, cardiometabolic risk factors in the general population, especially among the high-risk groups have rarely been assessed in Ethiopia. The study aimed to assess the prevalence of metabolic syndrome, its components and associated factors among staff in the Ethiopian Public Health Institute (EPHI). An institutional-based cross-section study was conducted from March to June 2018 among EPHI staff members. A total of 450 study participants were involved in the study, and the World Health Organization NCD STEPS survey instrument version 3.1 was used for the assessment. The biochemical parameters were analyzed by using COBAS 6000 analyzer. Statistical package for the social science (SPSS) version 20 was used for data analysis. Both bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to identify associated risk factors. p value < 0.05 was considered for statistical significance. The overall prevalence of metabolic syndrome was 27.6% and 16.7% according to IDF and NCEP criteria respectively, with males having greater prevalence than females (35.8% vs 19.4%). Central obesity, low high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and hypertension had a prevalence of 80.2%, 41.3%, and 23.6%, respectively. In multivariate analysis increasing age and having a higher body mass index (25-29.9) were significantly associated with metabolic syndromes. The magnitude of metabolic syndrome was relatively high among public employees. Preventive intervention measures should be designed on the modification of lifestyle, nutrition and physical activities, and early screening for early identification of cardiometabolic risks factors should be practised to reduce the risk of developing cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeleke Geto
- Department of Biomedical Science, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wollo University, Wollo, Dessie, Ethiopia.
- National Reference Laboratory for Clinical Chemistry, Ethiopian Public Health Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
| | - Feyissa Challa
- National Reference Laboratory for Clinical Chemistry, Ethiopian Public Health Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Tadesse Lejisa
- National Reference Laboratory for Clinical Chemistry, Ethiopian Public Health Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Tigist Getahun
- National Reference Laboratory for Clinical Chemistry, Ethiopian Public Health Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Meron Sileshi
- National Reference Laboratory for Clinical Chemistry, Ethiopian Public Health Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Bikila Nagasa
- National Reference Laboratory for Clinical Chemistry, Ethiopian Public Health Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Yosef Tolcha
- National Reference Laboratory for Clinical Chemistry, Ethiopian Public Health Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Yeabkal Daniel
- National Reference Laboratory for Clinical Chemistry, Ethiopian Public Health Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Misrak Getnet
- Health System and Reproductive Health Research Directorate, Ethiopian Public Health Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Meseret Derbew Molla
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondor, Ethiopia
| | - Maria Degef
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Abebe Bekele
- Health System and Reproductive Health Research Directorate, Ethiopian Public Health Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Daniel Seifu
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
- Division of Basic Sciences, Department of Biochemistry, University of Global Health Equity, Kigali, Rwanda
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Abbasalizad-Farhangi M. Central obesity accelerates leukocyte telomere length (LTL) shortening in apparently healthy adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021; 63:2119-2128. [PMID: 34468230 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1971155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Shorter telomere length is associated with numerous comorbidities; central obesity might trigger leukocyte telomere shortening; in the current meta-analysis we evaluated the association of central obesity with leukocyte telomere length among adults. A systematic search from Scopus, PubMed, Embase and Proquest electronic databases up to May 2021 was done. The final screening, provided five articles to be included in final meta-analysis. Those in the highest category of telomere length had 3.72 cm lower waist circumference (WC) compared with those in the lowest category (WMD=-3.718; CI=-7.180, -0.257 P = 0.035; I2 = 95.4%). Also, those in the highest LTL category had 0.02 lower waist to hip ratio (WHR) compared with those in the lowest category, although this association was not significant (WMD: -0.02; CI=-0.04, 0.01; P = 0.19; I2= 90.7%). In quality assessment of included studies, all of the studies had moderate or high quality score and there was no study with poor quality. Higher leukocyte telomere length was accompanied with lower WC among adults. This association was not significant for difference in WHR. Because of the high heterogeneity values and also because of the observational design of included studies, the inference of causality of these associations needs further investigations.Supplemental data for this article is available online at https://doi.org/10.1080/10408398.2021.1971155 .
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25
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Lu Y, Liu S, Qiao Y, Li G, Wu Y, Ke C. Waist-to-height ratio, waist circumference, body mass index, waist divided by height 0.5 and the risk of cardiometabolic multimorbidity: A national longitudinal cohort study. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2021; 31:2644-2651. [PMID: 34226121 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2021.05.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Cardiometabolic multimorbidity (CM) is an increasing public health burden. This study aimed to evaluate the association of waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), waist circumference (WC), waist divided by height0.5 (WHT.5R) and body mass index (BMI) with the risk of CM. METHODS AND RESULTS We used data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS). A total of 10,521 participants aged 45 years and over were recruited, including 8807 individuals with 0 cardiometabolic diseases at baseline (stage I) and 1714 individuals with 1 cardiometabolic disease at baseline (stage II). CM was defined as self-reporting of two or more of the following conditions: stroke, diabetes and heart disease. Logistic regression was conducted to estimate the odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). The net reclassification index (NRI) and integrated discrimination improvement (IDI) were used to evaluate the incremental predictive value beyond conventional factors. In stage I, an increased risk of CM was observed among participants with WHtR ≥0.5 (OR: 1.76, 95% CI: 1.05-2.97), WC ≥ 90 cm (men) + WC ≥ 80 cm (women) (OR: 2.06, 95% CI: 1.29-3.27), WHT.5R ≥ 6.54 cm0.5 (OR: 1.81, 95% CI: 1.16-2.83) or BMI ≥24 kg/m2 (OR: 1.48, 95% CI: 0.98-2.24). Furthermore, the NRI and IDI of WHtR, WC and WHT.5R were all higher than those of BMI. In stage II, the adjusted ORs (95% CIs) of WHtR, WC, WHT.5R and BMI were 2.04 (1.24-3.35), 1.89 (1.29-2.77), 1.86 (1.24-2.78) and 1.47 (1.06-2.04), respectively. In addition, WC exhibited the highest NRI and IDI. CONCLUSION WHtR, WC, WHT.5R and BMI are independent predictors of CM in the middle-aged and older Chinese population. WHtR, WC and WHT.5R show better abilities in predicting CM than BMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanqiang Lu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou 215123, PR China
| | - Siyuan Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou 215123, PR China
| | - Yanan Qiao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou 215123, PR China
| | - Guochen Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou 215123, PR China
| | - Ying Wu
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Chaofu Ke
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou 215123, PR China.
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Issaka A, Cameron AJ, Paradies Y, Kiwallo JB, Bosu WK, Houehanou YCN, Wesseh CS, Houinato DS, Nazoum DJP, Stevenson C. Associations between obesity indices and both type 2 diabetes and impaired fasting glucose among West African adults: Results from WHO STEPS surveys. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2021; 31:2652-2660. [PMID: 34226119 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2021.05.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Various obesity indices such as BMI, waist circumference (WC), waist-hip ratio, (WHR) and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) are associated with the risk of type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM). Given few studies examining the strength of the association in this population, we aimed to identify which obesity indices are most strongly associated with T2DM and impaired fasting glucose (IFG) among adults from five West African countries. METHODS AND RESULTS Data from 15,520 participants from the World Health Organisation (WHO) STEPs surveys in Burkina Faso, Benin, Mali, Liberia, and Ghana were included in analyses. Multinomial logistic regression was used to calculate the relative risk (RR) per standard deviation (SD) of each anthropometric measure, modelled as both continuous variables and as categorical variables based on established cut-points. In the analyses with continuous variables, the unadjusted RRs for T2DM per SD were 1.30 (1.23, 1.37) for body mass index (BMI); 1.56 (1.46, 1.67) for WC; 2.57 (2.15, 3.09) for WHtR and 1.16 (1.03, 1.31) for WHR. WHtR showed the strongest association with T2DM in all adjusted analyses. For models using categorical variables based on established cut-points, obesity defined using waist circumference (OB-WC) and OB-BMI showed the strongest associations with T2DM, and OB-WHR, the weakest association in all adjusted analyses. CONCLUSION WHtR and WC appear to be the indices most strongly associated with T2DM and IFG respectively. Given its simplicity, WC may be the metric that most usefully conveys risk for T2DM in West African adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayuba Issaka
- School of Health and Social Development, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, Waurn Ponds Campus, Locked Bag 20000, Geelong, VIC, 3220, Australia; Alfred Deakin Institute for Citizenship and Globalisation, Faculty of Arts and Education, Deakin University, 221 Burwood Highway, Burwood, Victoria, 3125, Australia.
| | - Adrian J Cameron
- School of Health and Social Development, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, Waurn Ponds Campus, Locked Bag 20000, Geelong, VIC, 3220, Australia.
| | - Yin Paradies
- Alfred Deakin Institute for Citizenship and Globalisation, Faculty of Arts and Education, Deakin University, 221 Burwood Highway, Burwood, Victoria, 3125, Australia.
| | - Jean B Kiwallo
- Directorate of Population Health Protection (DPSP) of the Burkina Faso, Ministry of Health, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.
| | - William K Bosu
- West Africa Health Organization, 01 BP 153, Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso.
| | - Yèssito Corine N Houehanou
- National School of Senior Technicians Training in Public Health and Epidemiological Surveillance, University of Parakou, Postal Box 122, Parakou, Benin.
| | - Chea S Wesseh
- Ministry of Health, Republic of Liberia, Congo Town, Monrovia, Liberia.
| | - Dismand S Houinato
- Laboratory of Epidemiology of Chronic and Neurological Diseases (LEMACEN), Faculty of Health Sciences, 01 Postal Box 188 Cotonou, University of Abomey Calavi, Cotonou, Benin.
| | - Diarra J P Nazoum
- Former Head of Noncommunicable Diseases, National Directorate of Health, Ministry of Health and Public Hygiene, Bomako, Mali.
| | - Christopher Stevenson
- School of Health and Social Development, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, Waurn Ponds Campus, Locked Bag 20000, Geelong, VIC, 3220, Australia.
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do Nascimento RA, Vieira MCA, Dos Santos Aguiar Gonçalves RS, Moreira MA, de Morais MSM, da Câmara SMA, Maciel ÁCC. Cutoff points of adiposity anthropometric indices for low muscle mass screening in middle-aged and older healthy women. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2021; 22:713. [PMID: 34416881 PMCID: PMC8379807 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-021-04532-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The reduction of female sex hormones causes changes in the contractile properties of muscles as well as infiltration of fat in the muscle tissue. This results in a consequent decline in muscle strength. These changes are related to higher levels of functional impairment and physical disability. In this sense, several anthropometric indices have been used to quantify body and visceral fat. Thus, the objective of this paper is to propose cutoff points for adiposity anthropometric indices in order to identify low muscle mass, as well as to analyze the relationship between these indices and low muscle mass in middle-aged and older women. Methods Cross-sectional analytical study carried out in the Northeast of Brazil. The sample was formed by 593 women between 40—80 years old. Data collection included anthropometric assessment (BMI: Body Mass Index – WC: Waist Circumference – WHR: Waist-to-hip Ratio – WHtR: Waist-to-height Ratio – CI: Conicity Index – BAI: Body Adiposity Index – VAI: Visceral Adiposity Index – LAP: Lipid Accumulation Product), bioimpedance test and biochemical dosage. Moreover, sociodemographic data and practice of physical activity were collected. Descriptive statistics, Student's t-test, ROC curves, chi-squared and logistic regression were performed. Results The participants had a mean age of 53.11 (8.89) years, BMI of 28.49 (5.17) kg/m2 and WC of 95.35 (10.39). The prevalence of low muscle mass was 19.4%. Based on sensitivity and specificity of adiposity anthropometric indices, cutoff points were developed to identify the presence of low muscle mass (p < 0.05), except for VAI. After logistic regression, WC (OR = 6.2; CI 95%: 1.4—28.1), WHR (OR = 1.8; CI: 1.0—3.4), WHtR (OR = 5.0; CI 95%: 1.0—23.7) and BAI (OR = 14.5; CI 95%: 6.6—31.7) were associated with low muscle mass. Conclusions All anthropometric indices, except VAI, showed adequate accuracy in identifying low muscle mass in women, especially those that took into account WC. This suggests that they can become accessible and also be cost-effective strategies for assessing and managing health outcomes related to muscle mass analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafaela Andrade do Nascimento
- Physiotherapy, Department of Federal, University of Rio Grande Do Norte, 3000 Senador Salgado Filho Avenue, S/N, Lagoa Nova, Natal, RN, CEP: 59072-970, Brazil.
| | - Mariana Carmem Apolinário Vieira
- Physiotherapy, Department of Federal, University of Rio Grande Do Norte, 3000 Senador Salgado Filho Avenue, S/N, Lagoa Nova, Natal, RN, CEP: 59072-970, Brazil
| | | | - Mayle Andrade Moreira
- Physiotherapy Department of Federal, University of Ceará, 949 Alexandre Baraúna St, Rodolfo Teófilo, Fortaleza, CEP: 60430-110, Brazil
| | - Maria Socorro Medeiros de Morais
- Health Sciences Center of Federal, University of Rio Grande Do Norte, General Gustavo Cordeiro de Farias St, Petrópolis, Natal, RN, CEP 59012-570, Brazil
| | | | - Álvaro Campos Cavalcanti Maciel
- Physiotherapy, Department of Federal, University of Rio Grande Do Norte, 3000 Senador Salgado Filho Avenue, S/N, Lagoa Nova, Natal, RN, CEP: 59072-970, Brazil
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Fan R, Niu J, Ma H, Xie Q, Cheng J, Rao H, Dou X, Xie J, Zhao W, Peng J, Gao Z, Gao H, Chen X, Chen J, Li Q, Tang H, Zhang Z, Ren H, Cheng M, Liang X, Zhu C, Wei L, Jia J, Sun J, Hou J. Association of central obesity with hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with chronic hepatitis B receiving antiviral therapy. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2021; 54:329-338. [PMID: 34157146 DOI: 10.1111/apt.16469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Revised: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity is typically associated with metabolic dysfunction, but its impact on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains unclear in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB). AIM To study the effect of obesity on HCC development in patients with CHB receiving antiviral therapy. METHODS We included patients from a Chinese multicentre, prospective, observational, treated CHB cohort in this study. General obesity was evaluated by body-mass index (BMI). Central obesity was evaluated by waist circumference, waist-to-hip ratio and waist-to-height ratio. RESULTS A total of 5754 nucleos(t)ide analogue treated patients were enrolled in the analysis. The 5-year cumulative incidence of HCC was 2.9%. Waist-to-height ratio performed better in predicting HCC development than BMI, waist circumference or waist-to-hip ratio. Patients with central obesity (defined as waist-to-height ratio >0.5) had significantly higher 5-year incidence of HCC than those without central obesity in the overall population (3.9% vs 2.1%, hazard ratio [HR]: 2.06, P = 0.0001) and 745 propensity score matched pairs (4.7% vs 2.3%, HR: 2.04, P = 0.026), respectively. Besides cirrhosis status and aMAP HCC risk score, central obesity was also independently associated with HCC risk (HR: 1.63, P = 0.013). Waist-to-height ratio gain within 1 year was associated with a significantly higher HCC risk with an adjusted HR value of 1.88 (95% confidence interval: 1.12-3.13, P = 0.017). CONCLUSIONS Central obesity, evaluated by the waist-to-height ratio, was associated with a twofold increase in HCC risk among CHB patients receiving antiviral treatment, highlighting the important role of abnormal metabolic function in the progression of liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Fan
- Guangzhou, China.,Shenzhen, China
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Dereje R, Hassen K, Gizaw G. Evaluation of Anthropometric Indices for Screening Hypertension Among Employees of Mizan Tepi University, Southwestern Ethiopia. Integr Blood Press Control 2021; 14:99-111. [PMID: 34295187 PMCID: PMC8291801 DOI: 10.2147/ibpc.s317018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Globally, hypertension is becoming a serious problem affecting the health and wellbeing of the adult population. Anthropometric indices like body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) have long been utilized to screen hypertension; in contrast, other evidence indicates the superior utility of waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) to screen hypertension. There are inconclusive results from different studies done in different settings regarding the best screening index for hypertension. In addition, there is a paucity of information on the evaluation of anthropometric indices for screening hypertension in the study area. Therefore, this study evaluates the utility of anthropometric indices for screening hypertension among Mizan Tepi University employees, southwestern Ethiopia. METHODS An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted among Mizan Tepi University employees. A gender-based stratified simple random sampling technique was used to select 585 employees. Logistic regression analysis was conducted to assess the association between anthropometric indices and hypertension. Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was employed to evaluate anthropometric indices for screening hypertension, and optimal cutoff points were also developed based on Youden index (sensitivity + specificity - 1) and presented with sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive values (NPV). RESULTS The overall prevalence of hypertension was 20.9%, which was 22.5% in males and 18.7% in females. Among males, WHtR, WHR, and BMI were significantly associated with hypertension, while, in females, only BMI was associated with hypertension. WHtR had a higher screening ability for hypertension followed by WC in both sexes. For males, the cutoff point for WHR, WC, BMI, and WHtR for screening hypertension was 0.897, 85.17cm, 24.6kg/m2, and 0.51, respectively. In females, the cutoff point developed for screening hypertension for WHR, WC, BMI, and WHtR were 0.92, 85.67cm, 24.8kg/m2, and 0.52, respectively. CONCLUSION The waist-to-height ratio was found to be the best obesity index to screen hypertension than BMI, WC, and WHR. The finding supports the use of WHtR for screening hypertension in resource-limited settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahel Dereje
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Institute of Health Science, Faculty of Public Health, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia
- School of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Science, Mizan Tepi University, Mizan Aman, Ethiopia
| | - Kalkidan Hassen
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Institute of Health Science, Faculty of Public Health, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia
| | - Getu Gizaw
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Institute of Health Science, Faculty of Public Health, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia
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Molani Gol R, Rafraf M. Association between abdominal obesity and pulmonary function in apparently healthy adults: A systematic review. Obes Res Clin Pract 2021; 15:415-424. [PMID: 34261619 DOI: 10.1016/j.orcp.2021.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2021] [Revised: 06/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity, especially abdominal obesity as a chronic disorder is associated with a high risk of developing non-communicable diseases such as respiratory diseases. Impaired lung function is a sign of early respiratory injury. This review summarizes the current knowledge of the effects of abdominal obesity on pulmonary function in apparently healthy adults. METHODS Google Scholar, PubMed, Science Direct, and Scopus databases were searched from 2014 up to August 2020 using relevant keywords. All original articles written in English evaluating the effects of abdominal obesity on pulmonary function in apparently healthy adults were eligible for this review. RESULTS A total of 26 studies (23 cross-sectional and three cohort) involving 68,024 participants were included in this review. More than 88% of the included studies reported that abdominal obesity significantly inversely was associated with pulmonary function. CONCLUSION The findings indicate that in subjects with abdominal obesity respiratory function decline possibly due to mechanical compression and obesity-induced airway inflammation. Therefore, nutrition and lifestyle interventions are required for the reduction of abdominal obesity that leads to improving pulmonary function and metabolic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roghayeh Molani Gol
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz university of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Nutrition Research Center, Department of Community Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Science, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Maryam Rafraf
- Nutrition Research Center, Department of Community Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Science, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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Mwene-Batu P, Bisimwa G, Ngaboyeka G, Dramaix M, Macq J, Hermans MP, Lemogoum D, Donnen P. Severe acute malnutrition in childhood, chronic diseases, and human capital in adulthood in the Democratic Republic of Congo: the Lwiro Cohort Study. Am J Clin Nutr 2021; 114:70-79. [PMID: 33826712 PMCID: PMC8246611 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/nqab034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Little is known about the long-term outcome of children treated for severe acute malnutrition (SAM) after nutritional rehabilitation. OBJECTIVES To explore the association between SAM in childhood, noncommunicable diseases (NCDs), and low human capital in adulthood. METHODS We identified 524 adults (median age: 22 y) who were treated for SAM during childhood in Eastern Democratic Republic of Congo between 1988 and 2007. They were compared with 407 community unexposed age- and sex-matched subjects with no history of SAM. The variables of interest were cardiometabolic risk markers for NCDs and human capital. For the comparison, we used linear and logistic regressions to estimate the association between SAM in childhood and the risk of NCDs and ordinal logistic regression for the human capital. RESULTS Compared with unexposed subjects, the exposed participants had a higher waist circumference [1.2 (0.02, 2.3) cm; P = 0.015], and a larger waist-to-height ratio [0.01 (0.01, 0.02) cm; P < 0.001]. On the other hand, they had a smaller hip circumference [-1.5 (-2.6, -0.5) cm; P = 0.021]. Regarding cardiometabolic markers for NCDs, apart from a higher glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) [0.4 (0.2, 0.6); P < 0.001], no difference was observed in other cardiometabolic markers for NCD between the 2 groups. Compared with unexposed participants, exposed participants had a higher risk of metabolic syndrome (crude OR: 2.35; 95% CI: 1.22, 4.54; P = 0.010) and visceral obesity [adjusted OR: 1.44 (1.09, 1.89); P = 0.001]. The prevalence of hypertension, diabetes, overweight, and dyslipidaemia was similar in both groups. Last, the proportion of malnutrition survivors with higher socioeconomic status level was lower. CONCLUSION SAM during childhood was associated with a high risk of NCDs and lower human capital in adulthood. Thus, policymakers and funders seeking to fight the global spread of NCDs in adults in low-resource settings should consider the long-term benefit of reducing childhood SAM as a preventive measure to reduce the socioeconomic burden attributable to NCDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pacifique Mwene-Batu
- Ecole Régionale de Santé Publique, Université Catholique de Bukavu, Bukavu, Democratic Republic of Congo
- Ecole de Santé Publique, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
- Nutritional department, Centre de Recherche en Sciences Naturelles, Lwiro, Democratic Republic of Congo
- Hôpital Provincial General de Reference de Bukavu, Université Catholique de Bukavu, Bukavu, Democratic Republic of Congo
| | - Ghislain Bisimwa
- Ecole Régionale de Santé Publique, Université Catholique de Bukavu, Bukavu, Democratic Republic of Congo
- Nutritional department, Centre de Recherche en Sciences Naturelles, Lwiro, Democratic Republic of Congo
| | - Gaylord Ngaboyeka
- Ecole Régionale de Santé Publique, Université Catholique de Bukavu, Bukavu, Democratic Republic of Congo
- Nutritional department, Centre de Recherche en Sciences Naturelles, Lwiro, Democratic Republic of Congo
| | - Michèle Dramaix
- Ecole de Santé Publique, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jean Macq
- Institute of Health and Society, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Michel P Hermans
- Division of Endocrinology & Nutrition, Cliniques universitaires St-Luc, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Daniel Lemogoum
- Hôpital ULB-Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Philippe Donnen
- Ecole de Santé Publique, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
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Di Iorio AB, Orozco Beltrán D, Quesada Rico JA, Carratalá Munuera MC. The Adaptation of the Carbohydrate Counting Method Affects HbA1c and Improves Anthropometric Indicators in Patients With Diabetes Mellitus 2. Front Nutr 2021; 7:577797. [PMID: 33575268 PMCID: PMC7870683 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2020.577797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Beatriz Di Iorio
- Food Agroindustry, Zamorano University, Yaguare Valley, Tegucigalpa, Honduras
- Clinical Medicine, Miguel Hernández University, Alicante-Valencia, Spain
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Lucas RWDC, Nassif PAN, Tabushi FI, Nassif DSB, Ariede BL, Brites-Neto J, Malafaia O. CAN STATURE, ABDOMINAL PERIMETER AND BMI INDEX PREDICT POSSIBLE CARDIOMETABOLIC RISKS IN FUTURE OBESITY? ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 33:e1529. [PMID: 33237167 PMCID: PMC7682149 DOI: 10.1590/0102-672020200002e1529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Background:
Obesity changes the anatomy of the patient. In addition to the aesthetic
change, the high percentage of fat determines evident functional changes.
Anthropometric normality in measuring abdominal circumference and height can
serve as a basis for measuring cardiometabolic risks of obesity.
Aim:
To verify if it is possible to determine parameters of normality between
waist and height in people with normal BMI and fat percentages, to serve as
a basis for assessing risks for obesity comorbidities.
Methods:
A sample of 454 individuals with BMI and percentages of fat considered within
the normal range was extracted. It was divided into age groups for both men
and women between 18 and 25; 26 to 35; 36 to 45; 46 to 55; 56 to 65. A total
of 249 men and 205 women were included.
Results:
Regarding the percentage of height as a measure of the abdominal perimeter,
the total female sample had an average of 44.2±1.1% and the male 45.3%+1.5.
For women, this percentage determined the equation of the waist-height ratio
represented by X=(age+217) / 5.875, and for men X=(age+190.89) / 5.2222. “X”
represents the percentage of the height measurement so that the individual
falls into the category of adequate percentage of fat and BMI.
Conclusion:
Between the stature of adult men and women with normal fat percentage and
BMI, there is a common numerical relationship, with is on average 44% for
women and 45% for men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Wallace das Chagas Lucas
- Postgraduate Program in Principles of Surgery, Mackenzie Evangelical Faculty of Paraná/Medical Research Institute, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Paulo Afonso Nunes Nassif
- Postgraduate Program in Principles of Surgery, Mackenzie Evangelical Faculty of Paraná/Medical Research Institute, Curitiba, PR, Brazil.,Paulo Nassif Institute, Curitiba, PR, Brazil.,Bariatric and Metabolic Surgery Service, University Evangelical Mackenzie Hospital, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | | | - Denise Serpa Bopp Nassif
- Postgraduate Program in Principles of Surgery, Mackenzie Evangelical Faculty of Paraná/Medical Research Institute, Curitiba, PR, Brazil.,Paulo Nassif Institute, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | | | | | - Osvaldo Malafaia
- Postgraduate Program in Principles of Surgery, Mackenzie Evangelical Faculty of Paraná/Medical Research Institute, Curitiba, PR, Brazil.,Bariatric and Metabolic Surgery Service, University Evangelical Mackenzie Hospital, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
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Żurawiecka M, Wronka I. Association between age at menarche and body mass index, waist circumference, waist to hip ratio, and waist to height ratio in adult women. Am J Hum Biol 2020; 33:e23523. [PMID: 33085157 DOI: 10.1002/ajhb.23523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Revised: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of the present study was to examine associations between age at menarche and body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) in young adult women. METHODS Anthropometric data and age at menarche information were collected in two cross-sectional surveys conducted in the years 2004-2006 (Cohort 1) and 2016-2018 (Cohort 2). A total of 2419 women, aged 19-24 years., were included. RESULTS Statistically significant relationships between age at menarche and BMI, WHtR, and WC were observed. The values of the anthropometric parameters decreased with increasing age at menarche. The onset of menstruation before the age of 12 years. was linked to a heightened risk of overweight and obesity (BMI ≥ 25) and abdominal obesity defined as WC > 80 cm and/or WHtR ≥ 0.5. First menstruation after the age of 14 y. was associated with a lower risk of overweight and obesity (BMI ≥ 25, WC > 80 cm and/or WHtR ≥ 0.5), as well as a higher risk of being underweight (BMI < 18.5 and/or WHtR < 0.4). Associations between anthropometry and menarcheal timing were stronger in Cohort 1. CONCLUSION Both early and late onset of menarche are associated with abnormal body composition: Early menarche is associated with overweight, while later maturing girls have a heightened risk of underweight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martyna Żurawiecka
- Department of Anthropology, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Faculty of Biology, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, Krakow, Poland
| | - Iwona Wronka
- Department of Anthropology, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Faculty of Biology, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, Krakow, Poland
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Yu P, Huang T, Hu S, Yu X. Predictive value of relative fat mass algorithm for incident hypertension: a 6-year prospective study in Chinese population. BMJ Open 2020; 10:e038420. [PMID: 33067286 PMCID: PMC7569915 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-038420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Individuals with obesity especially excessive visceral adiposity have high risk for incident hypertension. Recently, a new algorithm named relative fat mass (RFM) was introduced to define obesity. Our aim was to investigate whether it can predict hypertension in Chinese population and to compare its predictive power with traditional indices including body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC) and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR). DESIGN A 6-year prospective study. SETTING Nine provinces (Hei Long Jiang, Liao Ning, Jiang Su, Shan Dong, He Nan, Hu Bei, Hu Nan, Guang Xi and Gui Zhou) in China. PARTICIPANTS Those without hypertension in 2009 survey and respond in 2015 survey. INTERVENTION Logistic regression were performed to investigate the association between RFM and incident hypertension. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was performed to compare the predictive ability of these indices and define their optimal cut-off values. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Incident hypertension in 2015. RESULTS The prevalence of incident hypertension in 2015 based on RFM quartiles were 14.8%, 21.2%, 26.8% and 35.2%, respectively (p for trend <0.001). In overall population, the OR for the highest quartile compared with the lowest quartile for RFM was 2.032 (1.567-2.634) in the fully adjusted model. In ROC analysis, RFM and WHtR had the highest area under the curve (AUC) value in both sexes but did not show statistical significance when compared with AUC value of BMI and WC in men and AUC value of WC in women. The performance of the prediction model based on RFM was comparable to that of BMI, WC or WHtR. CONCLUSIONS RFM can be a powerful indictor for predicting incident hypertension in Chinese population, but it does not show superiority over BMI, WC and WHtR in predictive power.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Yu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Teng Huang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Senlin Hu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xuefeng Yu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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Dharmayat K, Woringer M, Mastellos N, Cole D, Car J, Ray S, Khunti K, Majeed A, Ray KK, Seshasai SRK. Investigation of Cardiovascular Health and Risk Factors Among the Diverse and Contemporary Population in London (the TOGETHER Study): Protocol for Linking Longitudinal Medical Records. JMIR Res Protoc 2020; 9:e17548. [PMID: 33006568 PMCID: PMC7568219 DOI: 10.2196/17548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2019] [Revised: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Global trends in cardiovascular disease (CVD) exhibit considerable interregional and interethnic differences, which in turn affect long-term CVD risk across diverse populations. An in-depth understanding of the interplay between ethnicity, socioeconomic status, and CVD risk factors and mortality in a contemporaneous population is crucial to informing health policy and resource allocation aimed at mitigating long-term CVD risk. Generating bespoke large-scale and reliable data with sufficient numbers of events is expensive and time-consuming but can be circumvented through utilization and linkage of data routinely collected in electronic health records (EHR). Objective We aimed to characterize the burden of CVD risk factors across different ethnicities, age groups, and socioeconomic groups, and study CVD incidence and mortality by EHR linkage in London. Methods The proposed study will initially be a cross-sectional observational study unfolding into prospective CVD ascertainment through longitudinal follow-up involving linked data. The government-funded National Health System (NHS) Health Check program provides an opportunity for the systematic collation of CVD risk factors on a large scale. NHS Health Check data on approximately 200,000 individuals will be extracted from consenting general practices across London that use the Egton Medical Information Systems (EMIS) EHR software. Data will be analyzed using appropriate statistical techniques to (1) determine the cross-sectional burden of CVD risk factors and their prospective association with CVD outcomes, (2) validate existing prediction tools in diverse populations, and (3) develop bespoke risk prediction tools across diverse ethnic groups. Results Enrollment began in January 2019 and is ongoing with initial results to be published mid-2021. Conclusions There is an urgent need for more real-life population health studies based on analyses of routine health data available in EHRs. Findings from our study will help quantify, on a large scale, the contemporaneous burden of CVD risk factors by geography and ethnicity in a large multiethnic urban population. Such detailed understanding (especially interethnic and sociodemographic variations) of the burden of CVD risk and its determinants, including heredity, environment, diet, lifestyle, and socioeconomic factors, in a large population sample, will enable the development of tailored and dynamic (continuously learning from new data) risk prediction tools for diverse ethnic groups, and thereby enable the personalized provision of prevention strategies and care. We anticipate that this systematic approach of linking routinely collected data from EHRs to study CVD can be conducted in other settings as EHRs are being implemented worldwide. International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) PRR1-10.2196/17548
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanika Dharmayat
- Department of Primary Care and Public Health, Imperial Centre for Cardiovascular Disease Prevention, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Maria Woringer
- Department of Primary Care and Public Health, Imperial Centre for Cardiovascular Disease Prevention, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Nikolaos Mastellos
- Department of Primary Care and Public Health, Imperial Centre for Cardiovascular Disease Prevention, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Della Cole
- Cardiovascular Sciences Research Centre, St George's, University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Josip Car
- Global eHealth Unit, Department of Primary Care and Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sumantra Ray
- NNEdPro Global Centre for Nutrition and Health in Cambridge, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom.,Humanities and Social Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Kamlesh Khunti
- Primary Care Diabetes and Vascular Medicine, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Azeem Majeed
- Department of Primary Care and Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Kausik K Ray
- Department of Primary Care and Public Health, Imperial Centre for Cardiovascular Disease Prevention, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
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Lee BJ, Kim JY. Identification of metabolic syndrome using phenotypes consisting of triglyceride levels with anthropometric indices in Korean adults. BMC Endocr Disord 2020; 20:29. [PMID: 32103744 PMCID: PMC7045372 DOI: 10.1186/s12902-020-0510-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The metabolic syndrome (MetS) has shown strong associations with the hypertriglyceridemic waist (HW) phenotype. The best anthropometric indicator of MetS remains controversial. Furthermore, no studies have investigated alternative indices that could replace waist circumference in the HW phenotype. The objectives of this study were to find the best indicator of MetS among anthropometric indices and to examine the predictive power of phenotypes consisting of triglyceride levels with anthropometric indices. METHODS A total of 12,025 subjects participated in this retrospective cross-sectional study. All subjects were recruited between November 2016 and August 2007 from hospitals in 28 urban and rural regions in South Korea. The data analyzed in this study were obtained from the Korean Health and Genome Epidemiology Study database and the Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine. RESULTS The proportion of patients with MetS ranged from 9 to 57% according to age and gender groups. Waist circumference (WC) was best indicator of MetS in men of all age groups. However, in women aged 40-49 years, the waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) was the best indicator of MetS. Rib circumference and chest circumference were the strongest indicators in women aged 50-59 years and 70-79 years, respectively. The combination of WC and triglyceride (TG) was the best indicator of MetS in men and women overall. However, interestingly, the best indicator was TG + WHtR in women aged 40-49 years and TG + forehead-to-waist ratio in women aged 70-79 years. CONCLUSIONS The best indicator of MetS in terms of individual anthropometric indices and the various phenotypes combining a single anthropometric index with TG may differ subtly according to age group in women, but not in men. Our findings provide insight into a simple and inexpensive method that could be used to identify MetS in initial health screening efforts in epidemiology and public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bum Ju Lee
- Future Medicine Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 1672 Yuseongdae-ro, Yuseong-gu, Deajeon, 305-811 Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Yeol Kim
- Future Medicine Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 1672 Yuseongdae-ro, Yuseong-gu, Deajeon, 305-811 Republic of Korea
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[Body composition evaluation by anthropometry and bioelectrical impedance analysis in childhood acute leukemia survivors]. NUTR HOSP 2020; 37:56-64. [PMID: 31755281 DOI: 10.20960/nh.02465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Background: survivors of childhood acute leukemia are at risk for obesity. The purpose was to evaluate the different clinical measurements of body composition and to compare with body mass index (BMI). Methods: cross-sectional study of 39 survivors with more than ten years of survivorship since diagnosis. Anthropometry and body composition accuracy measurements were determined and also obesity risk factors. Results: obesity prevalence by body fat percentage were: 38.5% for BMI; 46.1% for waist circumference; 51.3% for skinfolds and 56.4% for bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA). There was a good correlation among the measurements, but BMI underestimated the percent body fat among childhood leukemia survivors in comparison with: waist circumference (-1.03 ± 2.01), skinfolds (-2.95 ± 5.78) and BIA (-3.78 ± 7.4), and this bias appears to be more variable with increasing percent of body fat > 30%. Three patients showed sarcopenia and only one sarcopenic obesity. Waist circumference fat mass was the better predictor of cardiovascular risk factors (LDL-cholesterol: r = 0.703; HDL-cholesterol: r = -0.612; p < 0.05 and hypertension: OR 4.17; IC 95%: 1.012-19.3). Obesity risk factors were: female sex, high-risk tumor, radiotherapy and stem cell transplantation. Conclusions: BMI underestimates obese childhood leukemia survivors in comparison with waist circumference, skinfolds and bioelectrial impedance analysis. BMI use could misclassify obese survivors as non-obese. Female sex, high tumoral risk and coadyuvant treatments (radiotherapy and stem cell transplant) are risk factors for adiposity.
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Amisi CA, Ciccozzi M, Pozzilli P. Wrist circumference: A new marker for insulin resistance in African women with polycystic ovary syndrome. World J Diabetes 2020; 11:42-51. [PMID: 32064035 PMCID: PMC6969708 DOI: 10.4239/wjd.v11.i2.42] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Revised: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 12/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Insulin resistance (IR) is the main complication found in 35%-80% of women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). However, there is no definite consensus regarding which marker to use for its assessment in PCOS women. Research has shown that hyperinsulinemia is correlated with increased bone mass. Given that most women with PCOS are insulin resistant, which is independent from body fat and characterized by hyperinsulinemia, it could be hypothesized that there would be an increased bone mass in the patient as a result. Subsequently, increased bone mass could be measured using the wrist circumference method. AIM To assess the wrist circumference as an easy-to-detect marker of IR in Congolese women with PCOS. METHODS Seventy-two Congolese women with PCOS and seventy-one controls from the same ethnic group, were enrolled in the study (mean age 24.33 ± 5.36 years). Fasting biochemical parameters, and the Homeostasis Model Assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and body composition were evaluated. The non-dominant wrist circumference was measured manually, as was the waist circumference (WC), hip circumference, height and weight. Calculated measures included evaluation of body mass index (BMI), Waist-to-Height (WHtR) and Waist-to-hip ratio (WHR). In addition, body composition was assessed by Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis using a body fat analyzer. RESULTS The non-dominant wrist circumference was more closely correlated with HOMA-IR (r = 0.346; P = 0.003) and was the best anthropometrical marker correlated with IR (P = 0.011 ) compared with other anthropometrical markers in women with PCOS: Dominant Wrist Circumference (r = 0.315; P = 0.007), Waist Circumference (WC) (r = 0.259; P = 0.028), BMI (r = 0.285; P = 0.016), WHR (r = 0.216; P = 0,068) and WHtR (r = 0.263; P = 0.027). The diagnostic accuracy of the non-dominant wrist circumference for the presence or absence of IR using Receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis showed that the area under the ROC curve was 0.72. A cutoff value for the non-dominant wrist circumference of 16.3 cm was found to be the best predictor of IR in Congolese women with PCOS. CONCLUSION Non-dominant wrist circumference is, to date, the best anthropometrical marker of IR in Sub-Saharan African women with PCOS. It could be suggested as an easy-to-detect marker for assessing IR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chantal Anifa Amisi
- Endocrinology and Diabetes Unit, Department of Medicine, Universita Campus Bio-medico di Rome, Rome 00128, Italy
| | - Massimo Ciccozzi
- Medical Statistics and Epidemiology Unit, Department of Medicine, Universita Campus Bio-medico di Rome, Rome 00128, Italy
| | - Paolo Pozzilli
- Endocrinology and Diabetes Unit, Department of Medicine, Universita Campus Bio-medico di Rome, Rome 00128, Italy
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Delrieu L, Pialoux V, Pérol O, Morelle M, Martin A, Friedenreich C, Febvey-Combes O, Pérol D, Belladame E, Clémençon M, Roitmann E, Dufresne A, Bachelot T, Heudel PE, Touillaud M, Trédan O, Fervers B. Feasibility and Health Benefits of an Individualized Physical Activity Intervention in Women With Metastatic Breast Cancer: Intervention Study. JMIR Mhealth Uhealth 2020; 8:e12306. [PMID: 32012082 PMCID: PMC7013652 DOI: 10.2196/12306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2018] [Revised: 04/19/2019] [Accepted: 08/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is limited knowledge regarding the potential benefits of physical activity in patients with metastatic breast cancer. OBJECTIVE The Advanced stage Breast cancer and Lifestyle Exercise (ABLE) Trial aimed to assess the feasibility of a physical activity intervention in women with metastatic breast cancer and to explore the effects of physical activity on functional, psychological, and clinical parameters. METHODS The ABLE Trial was a single-arm, 6-month intervention study with a home-based, unsupervised, and personalized walking program using an activity tracker. At baseline and 6 months, we assessed anthropometrics, functional fitness, physical activity level, sedentary behavior, quality of life, fatigue, and tumor progression. Paired proportions were compared using the McNemar test and changes of parameters during the intervention were analyzed using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test, the Mann-Whitney test, and Spearman rank correlations. RESULTS Overall, 49 participants (mean age 55 years; recruitment rate 94%) were enrolled and 96% adhered to the exercise prescription (attrition rate 2%). Statistically significant improvements in the 6-minute walking distance test (+7%, P<.001) and isometric quadriceps strength (+22%, P<.001), as well as decreases in body mass index (-2.5%, P=.03) and hip circumference (-4.0%, P<.001) were observed at 6 months. Quality of life remained stable and a nonstatistically significant decrease (-16%, P=.07) in fatigue was observed. CONCLUSIONS The high recruitment and adherence rates suggest the willingness of patients with metastatic breast cancer to participate in a physical activity program. The beneficial outcomes regarding physical fitness and anthropometry of this unsupervised physical activity program may encourage these patients to maintain a physically active lifestyle. Future randomized controlled trials with larger sample sizes are warranted. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03148886; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03148886.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidia Delrieu
- Inter-University Laboratory of Human Movement Biology, University Claude Bernard Lyon 1, University of Lyon, Lyon, France
- Department of Cancer and Environment, Léon Bérard Cancer Center, Lyon, France
| | - Vincent Pialoux
- Inter-University Laboratory of Human Movement Biology, University Claude Bernard Lyon 1, University of Lyon, Lyon, France
- Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France
- Laboratory of Excellence GR-Ex, Paris, France
| | - Olivia Pérol
- Department of Cancer and Environment, Léon Bérard Cancer Center, Lyon, France
| | - Magali Morelle
- Department of Clinical Research and Innovation, Léon Bérard Cancer Center, Lyon, France
| | - Agnès Martin
- Inter-University Laboratory of Human Movement Biology, University Jean Monnet Saint-Etienne, University of Lyon, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Christine Friedenreich
- CancerControl Alberta, Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention Research, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Department of Oncology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Olivia Febvey-Combes
- Department of Clinical Research and Innovation, Léon Bérard Cancer Center, Lyon, France
| | - David Pérol
- Department of Clinical Research and Innovation, Léon Bérard Cancer Center, Lyon, France
| | - Elodie Belladame
- Department of Cancer and Environment, Léon Bérard Cancer Center, Lyon, France
| | - Michel Clémençon
- Inter-University Laboratory of Human Movement Biology, University Claude Bernard Lyon 1, University of Lyon, Lyon, France
- Research Center for Sports and Athletic Activities Transformations (CETAPS) Équipe d'accueil (EA) 3832, University of Rouen, Rouen, France
| | - Eva Roitmann
- Department of Digital Health, Data and Studies, Nokia Technologies, Issy-Les-Moulineaux, France
| | - Armelle Dufresne
- Department of Medical Oncology, Léon Bérard Cancer Center, Lyon, France
| | - Thomas Bachelot
- Department of Medical Oncology, Léon Bérard Cancer Center, Lyon, France
| | | | - Marina Touillaud
- Department of Cancer and Environment, Léon Bérard Cancer Center, Lyon, France
- Léon Bérard Cancer Center, Inserm U1052, Cancer Research Center of Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Olivier Trédan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Léon Bérard Cancer Center, Lyon, France
| | - Béatrice Fervers
- Department of Cancer and Environment, Léon Bérard Cancer Center, Lyon, France
- Léon Bérard Cancer Center, Inserm U1052, Cancer Research Center of Lyon, Lyon, France
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Koloverou E, Foscolou A, Gkouvas K, Tyrovolas S, Matalas AL, Polychronopoulos E, Chrysohoou C, Pitsavos C, Panagiotakos DB. Waist-to-Height Ratio Outperforms Classic Anthropometric Indices in Predicting Successful Aging in Older Adults; an Analysis of the ATTICA and MEDIS Epidemiological Studies. Exp Aging Res 2020; 46:154-165. [PMID: 31939711 DOI: 10.1080/0361073x.2020.1716155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Background/Study context: The aim of the present work was to investigate the association of Waist-to-Height Ratio (WHtR) with Successful Aging (SA) status and compare it to classic anthropometric indices, among middle-aged and older individuals.Methods: Among various socio-demographic, clinical and lifestyle characteristics, height, weight, waist circumference (WC), Waist-to-Hip Ratio (WHR) and WHtR of the Greek participants, over 50 years old, enrolled in the ATTICA (n = 1,128) and the MEDIS (n = 2,221) in relation to SA; SA was evaluated using the validated Successful Aging Index (SAI, range 0-10) comprising of health-related, social, lifestyle, and clinical parameters.Results: WHtR was inversely associated with SAI with every 0.1-unit increase, lowering SAI by almost 0.5 units (b-coefficient±SE: -4.71 ± 0.26; 95%CI: -5.21, -4.20). Also, WHtR was more strongly associated with SAI (b = -0.352), surpassing the effect of age and sex (b = -0.347 and 0.11, respectively). With respect to the other anthropometric indices (weight, height, WC, WHR), WHtR exhibited the highest explanatory ability (Adjusted R2 = 0.345); the higher the adjusted R2 the higher explanatory ability.Conclusions: WHtR was revealed as the best determinant of successful aging, with respect to other anthropometric indices (weight, height, WC, WHR). The present findings are of significant public health importance for better understanding the role of body mass distribution on the aging process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Efi Koloverou
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
| | - Alexandra Foscolou
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Gkouvas
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
| | - Stefanos Tyrovolas
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece.,Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Fundació Sant Joan de Déu, CIBERSAM, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Antonia-Leda Matalas
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
| | - Evangelos Polychronopoulos
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
| | - Christina Chrysohoou
- First Cardiology Clinic, School of Medicine, University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Christos Pitsavos
- First Cardiology Clinic, School of Medicine, University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Demosthenes B Panagiotakos
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece.,Department of Kinesiology and Health, School of Arts and Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA.,Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Canberra, Australia
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Abeywickrama HM, Wimalasiri KMS, Koyama Y, Uchiyama M, Shimizu U, Chandrajith R, Nanayakkara N. Assessment of Nutritional Status and Dietary Pattern of a Rural Adult Population in Dry Zone, Sri Lanka. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 17:E150. [PMID: 31878220 PMCID: PMC6981924 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17010150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Revised: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this work was to describe average dietary intake, physical activity (PA) and nutritional status of the adult population of Girandurukotte, Sri Lanka. A cross-sectional survey, including one 24-h dietary recall, international physical activity questionnaire and anthropometric measurements was conducted in a representative sample of 120 adults. Mean (SD) for body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), waist to hip ratio (WHR) and waist to height ratio (WHtR) were 23.06(4.20) kg/m2, 85.6(9.5) cm, 0.95(0.05) and 0.55(0.07), respectively. Significant differences were observed in height, body fat %, body muscle %, hip circumference, WHR, WHtR, fat mass index and hand grip strength between men and women (p < 0.05). Among the study group, 35.8% were overweight, 13.3% were obese and 11.7% were underweight. Central obesity was observed in 59.2%, 97.5% and 74.2% of adults by WC, WHR and WHtR, respectively. Mean (SD) dietary diversity score and dietary diversity score with portions were 4.77(1.28) and 4.09(1.32), respectively. Mean daily intake of protein, fruits, vegetables and dairy were well below the national recommendations. Despite the higher PA level, nearly half the population was overweight and obese and the majority was centrally obese. None of the dietary diversity scores met the optimal levels, suggesting poor quality and quantity of the diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hansani Madushika Abeywickrama
- Graduate School of Health Sciences, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Niigata University, 2-746, Asahimachi, Niigata 951-8518, Japan
| | - K. M. Swarna Wimalasiri
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya 20400, Sri Lanka
| | - Yu Koyama
- Graduate School of Health Sciences, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Niigata University, 2-746, Asahimachi, Niigata 951-8518, Japan
| | - Mieko Uchiyama
- Graduate School of Health Sciences, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Niigata University, 2-746, Asahimachi, Niigata 951-8518, Japan
| | - Utako Shimizu
- Graduate School of Health Sciences, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Niigata University, 2-746, Asahimachi, Niigata 951-8518, Japan
| | - Rohana Chandrajith
- Department of Geology, Faculty of Science, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya 20400, Sri Lanka
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Shirasawa T, Ochiai H, Yoshimoto T, Nagahama S, Kobayashi M, Ohtsu I, Sunaga Y, Kokaze A. Associations between normal weight central obesity and cardiovascular disease risk factors in Japanese middle-aged adults: a cross-sectional study. JOURNAL OF HEALTH, POPULATION, AND NUTRITION 2019; 38:46. [PMID: 31849344 PMCID: PMC6918653 DOI: 10.1186/s41043-019-0201-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several studies have shown that normal weight central obesity (NWCO) is associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors. However, studies conducted in the Japanese population have been very limited. Thus, the relationships between normal weight central obesity, classified using body mass index (BMI), the waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), and CVD risk factors in middle-aged Japanese adults were investigated. METHODS The participants were Japanese adults aged 40-64 years who had undergone periodic health examinations in Japan during the period from April 2013 to March 2014. The participants were categorized into the following four groups: normal weight (BMI 18.5-24.9 kg/m2) and no central obesity (WHtR < 0.5) (NW); normal weight and central obesity (WHtR ≥ 0.5) (NWCO); obesity (BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2) and no central obesity (OB); and obesity and central obesity (OBCO). Hypertension was defined as systolic blood pressure ≥ 140 mmHg, diastolic blood pressure ≥ 90 mmHg, or taking medication for hypertension. Dyslipidemia was defined as LDL-C ≥ 140 mg/dl, HDL-C < 40 mg/dl, triglyceride ≥ 150 mg/dl, or taking medication for dyslipidemia. Diabetes was defined as fasting plasma glucose ≥ 126 mg/dl, random plasma glucose ≥ 200 mg/dl, HbA1c ≥ 6.5%, or receiving medical treatment for diabetes mellitus. A logistic regression model was used to calculate the odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for hypertension, dyslipidemia, and diabetes. RESULTS A total of 117,163 participants (82,487 men and 34,676 women) were analyzed. The prevalence of NWCO was 15.6% in men and 30.2% in women. With reference to NW, the ORs for hypertension (adjusted OR 1.22, 95% CI 1.17-1.27 in men, 1.23, 1.16-1.31 in women), dyslipidemia (1.81, 1.74-1.89 in men, 1.60, 1.52-1.69 in women), and diabetes (1.35, 1.25-1.46 in men, 1.60, 1.35-1.90 in women) were significantly higher in NWCO. CONCLUSIONS Normal weight with central obesity was associated with CVD risk factors, such as hypertension, dyslipidemia, and diabetes, compared with normal weight without central obesity, regardless of sex. It is important to focus on normal weight with central obesity for the prevention of CVD in Japanese middle-aged adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takako Shirasawa
- Department of Hygiene, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8555 Japan
| | - Hirotaka Ochiai
- Department of Hygiene, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8555 Japan
| | - Takahiko Yoshimoto
- Department of Hygiene, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8555 Japan
| | - Satsue Nagahama
- All Japan Labor Welfare Foundation, 6-16-11 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-0064 Japan
| | - Mariko Kobayashi
- All Japan Labor Welfare Foundation, 6-16-11 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-0064 Japan
| | - Iichiro Ohtsu
- Department of Hygiene, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8555 Japan
| | - Yuma Sunaga
- Department of Hygiene, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8555 Japan
| | - Akatsuki Kokaze
- Department of Hygiene, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8555 Japan
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Gonzalez M, Gates DH, Rosenblatt NJ. The impact of obesity on gait stability in older adults. J Biomech 2019; 100:109585. [PMID: 31911052 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2019.109585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Revised: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Obesity increases fall risk, and fall-related injuries in older adults. While prior work suggests obesity influences postural stability during standing, little is known about how obesity affects walking stability. Therefore, this study compared walking stability in older adults with and without obesity. Exploratory analyses were also conducted to evaluate the associations between measures of body habitus and gait stability as well as the association between prospective stumbles and falls and gait stability. A total of 34 older adults (17 with obesity, 17 with normal weight) walked on a treadmill at a self-selected speed. Walking stability was quantified as the local dynamic stability of the trunk in all three planes of motion. Participants also performed a series of functional tests, and were followed for a one-year period during which they reported falls and stumbles. Although participants with obesity performed significantly worse than participants without obesity on most functional tests, there were no differences in stability between groups in any direction (p = 0.18-0.78; η2 = 0.003-0.056), nor between those with and without a prospective fall or stumble (p = 0.18-0.93; η2 = 0.003-0.054). There were significant, albeit weak, correlations between BMI, waist circumference, and waist-to-height ratio and walking instability (p = 0.027-0.042; ρ = 0.36-0.39). Increased body mass, in absence of other obesity-related comorbidities, may have minimum impact on walking stability and in turn fall risk in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Deanna H Gates
- Robotics Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Noah J Rosenblatt
- Dr. William M Scholl College of Podiatric Medicines' Center for Lower Extremity Ambulatory Research (CLEAR), Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, IL, USA.
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A simple cut-off for waist-to-height ratio (0·5) can act as an indicator for cardiometabolic risk: recent data from adults in the Health Survey for England. Br J Nutr 2019; 123:681-690. [DOI: 10.1017/s0007114519003301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
AbstractThe National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) has acknowledged the value of waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) as an indicator for ‘early health risk’. We used recent UK data to explore whether classification based on WHtR identifies more adults at cardiometabolic risk than the ‘matrix’ based on BMI and waist circumference, currently used for screening. Data from the Health Survey for England (4112 adults aged 18+ years) were used to identify cardiometabolic risk, indicated by raised glycated Hb, dyslipidaemia and hypertension. HbA1c, total/HDL-cholesterol and systolic blood pressure (BP) were more strongly associated with WHtR than the ‘matrix’. In logistic regression models for HbA1c ≥ 48 mmol/mol, total/HDL-cholesterol > 4 and hypertension (BP > 140/90 mmHg or on medication), WHtR had a higher predictive value than the ‘matrix’. AUC was significantly greater for WHtR than the ‘matrix’ for raised HbA1c and hypertension. Of adults with raised HbA1c, 15 % would be judged as ‘no increased risk’ using the ‘matrix’ in contrast to 3 % using WHtR < 0·5. For hypertension, comparative values were 23 and 9 %, and for total/HDL-cholesterol > 4, 26 and 13 %. Nearly one-third of the ‘no increased risk’ group in the ‘matrix’ had WHtR ≥ 0·5 and hence could be underdiagnosed for cardiometabolic risk. WHtR has the potential to be a better indicator of cardiometabolic risks associated with central obesity than the current NICE ‘matrix’. The cut-off WHtR 0·5 in early screening translates to a simple message, ‘your waist should be less than half your height’, that allows individuals to be aware of their health risks.
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Shepherd AB, Bowell K. ‘Mind the gap’: the importance of managing malnutrition in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 28:1442-1449. [DOI: 10.12968/bjon.2019.28.22.1442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Malnutrition is linked to poor outcomes in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and reduced fat free mass and low BMI are independent risk factors for increased mortality. However, weight loss is not inevitable and can be prevented or reversed so screening for malnutrition is essential. The latest guidelines for managing malnutrition in COPD recommend first-line nutritional support. In particular, patients with a BMI <20 kg/m2 should be prescribed oral nutritional supplements (ONS), which have been shown to significantly improve outcomes. However, this guidance is often not implemented locally, increasing the likelihood of malnutrition, hospital admission and increased healthcare costs. Ready-prepared, low-volume, high-protein, high-energy drinks can improve compliance with ONS, particularly in people who are unable to tolerate high volumes. ONS therefore play an important role in managing malnutrition in COPD, helping to reduce its physiological and economic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Karen Bowell
- Senior Medical Affairs Manager, Nutricia Advanced Medical Nutrition, Trowbridge, UK
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Nasreddine L, Bachir N, Kharroubi S, Chamieh MC, Mehio Sibai A, Hwalla N, Naja F. Anthropometric Cutoffs for Increased Cardiometabolic Risk Among Lebanese Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study. Metab Syndr Relat Disord 2019; 17:486-493. [DOI: 10.1089/met.2019.0033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Lara Nasreddine
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Nivine Bachir
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Samer Kharroubi
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Marie Claire Chamieh
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Abla Mehio Sibai
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Nahla Hwalla
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Farah Naja
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
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Tselha N, Shimrah C, Kulshreshtha M, Devi NK. Association between hypertension and adiposity indicators: A study among the Muslim population of Uttar Pradesh. Diabetes Metab Syndr 2019; 13:2335-2338. [PMID: 31405639 DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2019.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypertension and obesity have become a global issue and an important public health concern due to an unhealthy lifestyle. The present study aims to determine the prevalence of hypertension and its association with various adiposity indicators among Sunni Muslim population of Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh. MATERIALS AND METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted among 214 individuals using purposive sampling method. Somatometric measurements were taken using the ISAK protocol. Correlation analysis and odds ratio were calculated to determine the best predictor of hypertension. RESULTS 41% of males and 42.1% of females were found to be in Stage-II hypertension. BMI and WC were found to have the highest correlation with SBP among males and females, respectively. WHR followed by WC and BMI, was found to be the strongest predictor of hypertension in males. In the case of females, WHtR Followed by, BMI and WHR were found to be the strongest predictors of hypertension. CONCLUSION Among the presently studied Muslim population of Lucknow, a high prevalence of hypertension was found among both males and females. Also, WHR among males and WC among females were found to be better predictors of hypertension. Thus, for better prediction of risk of hypertension, sex and ethnicity-specific adiposity indicator should be used in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ngawang Tselha
- Department of Anthropology University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Chonsing Shimrah
- Department of Anthropology University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India
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Skogberg N, Laatikainen T, Lilja E, Lundqvist A, Härkänen T, Koponen P. The association between anthropometric measures and glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) is different in Russian, Somali and Kurdish origin migrants compared with the general population in Finland: a cross-sectional population-based study. BMC Public Health 2019; 19:391. [PMID: 30971258 PMCID: PMC6458679 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-019-6698-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2018] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Persons of African and Middle-Eastern origin living in European countries have a high prevalence of type 2 diabetes, accompanied by high prevalence of obesity among women but not always among men. The aim of this study was to examine whether there are differences in the association between anthropometric measures and glucose levels measured with glycated haemoglobin and fasting blood glucose among persons of migrant origin in Finland. METHODS Cross-sectional population-based data of the 30-64 year-old participants in the health examination of the Migrant Health and Wellbeing Study was used, selecting persons without diabetes (Russian origin n = 293, Somali origin n = 184, Kurdish origin n = 275). The reference group were non-diabetic participants in the Health 2011 Survey (n = 653), representative of the general Finnish population. Anthropometric measures included body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR, available for Maamu Study participants only). RESULTS Depending on whether continuous or categorical anthropometric measures were used, age, sex and anthropometrics explained 13-18% of variation in HbA1c among persons of Russian origin, 5-10% among persons of Somali origin, 1-3% among persons of Kurdish origin and 11-13% among the general population. Also depending on whether continuous or categorical anthropometric measures were used, age, sex and anthropometrics explained 13-19% of variation in fasting blood glucose among persons of Russian origin, 15-20% among persons of Somali origin, 13-17% among persons of Kurdish origin and 16-17% among the general population. With exception for BMI, strength of the association between continuous anthropometric measures and HbA1c was significantly lower among persons of Kurdish origin compared with the general Finnish population (p = 0.044 for WC and p = 0.040 for WHtR). CONCLUSIONS A low degree of association between anthropometric measures and HbA1c was observed among persons of Kurdish origin. Findings of this study suggest caution is warranted when using HbA1c as a screening tool for glucose impairment among persons without diabetes in populations of diverse origin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Skogberg
- Department of Welfare, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Mannerheimintie 166, PL 30, 00271 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tiina Laatikainen
- Department of Public Health Solutions, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Mannerheimintie 166, PL 30, 00271 Helsinki, Finland
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, PL 1627, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
- Joint municipal authority for North Karelia social and health services, Tikkamäentie 16, 80210 Joensuu, Finland
| | - Eero Lilja
- Department of Welfare, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Mannerheimintie 166, PL 30, 00271 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Annamari Lundqvist
- Department of Public Health Solutions, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Mannerheimintie 166, PL 30, 00271 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tommi Härkänen
- Department of Public Health Solutions, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Mannerheimintie 166, PL 30, 00271 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Päivikki Koponen
- Department of Public Health Solutions, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Mannerheimintie 166, PL 30, 00271 Helsinki, Finland
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Percent body fat and adiposity indicators: a study among tribal and non-tribal females of India. Int J Diabetes Dev Ctries 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s13410-019-00733-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
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