1
|
Pragya, Bisht S, Parashar P. Nanotechnology-driven Microemulsion Based Intranasal Delivery to Neurotechnology-driven Neuralink: Strategies to Improve Management of Neurodegenerative Disorders. AAPS PharmSciTech 2024; 25:215. [PMID: 39266806 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-024-02929-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2024] [Accepted: 08/29/2024] [Indexed: 09/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative disorder refers to malfunctioning of neurons their degradation leading to death of neurons. Among various neurodegenerative disorders APHD (Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and Huntington's Disease) are particularly concerning due to their progressive and debilitating nature. The therapeutic agent used for treatment and management of APHD often show unsatisfactory clinical outcome owing to poor solubility and limited permeability across blood brain barrier (BBB). The nose-to brain delivery can overcome this BBB challenge as it can transport drug directly to brain though olfactory pathways bypassing BBB. Additionally, the nanotechnology has emerged as a cutting-edge methodology to address this issue and specifically mucoadhesive micro/nanoemulsion can improve the overall performance of the drug when administered intranasally. Beyond the therapy neurotechnology has emerged as are revolutionary AI-driven BCI (Brain computer interface) aimed to restore independence in patients with function loss due to neuron degeneration/death. A promising BCI Neuralink has been recently explored for clinical trials and results revealed that a quadriplegia bearing person with implanted Neuralink chip was able to perform few normal functions of daily routine such as playing online games, text messaging, reading, and learning foreign languages online through accessing the particular websites. This review will discuss the fundamental concepts of neurodegeneration, application of micro/nanoemulsion through intranasal route and integration of neurotechnology for the management and treatment of APHD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pragya
- Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University Uttar Pradesh Lucknow Campus, Lucknow, 226028, U.P, India
| | - Shradha Bisht
- Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University Uttar Pradesh Lucknow Campus, Lucknow, 226028, U.P, India
| | - Poonam Parashar
- Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University Uttar Pradesh Lucknow Campus, Lucknow, 226028, U.P, India.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Hussain MS, Chaturvedi V, Goyal S, Singh S, Mir RH. An Update on the Application of Nano Phytomedicine as an Emerging
Therapeutic Tool for Neurodegenerative Diseases. CURRENT BIOACTIVE COMPOUNDS 2024; 20. [DOI: 10.2174/0115734072258656231013085318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2024]
Abstract
Abstract:
The existence of the blood-brain barrier (BBB), a densely woven network of blood
vessels and endothelial cells designed to prevent the infiltration of foreign substances into the
brain, the methods employed in developing treatments for neurodegenerative disorders (NDs)
such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, Multiple sclerosis, Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and others, pose significant challenges and complexities. These illnesses
have had a terrible impact on the human population's health. Because early detection of these
problems is poor and no good therapy has been established, they have emerged as the biggest lifethreatening healthcare burden worldwide compared to other significant illnesses. Traditional drug
delivery techniques do not offer efficient treatment for NDs due to constraints in the BBB design,
efflux pumps, and metabolic enzyme expression. Nanotechnology has the potential to significantly enhance ND therapy by utilizing systems that have been bioengineered to engage with living
organisms at the cellular range. Compared to traditional techniques, nanotechnological technologies have several potential ways for crossing the BBB and increasing therapeutic efficacy in the
brain. The introduction and growth of nanotechnology indicate promising potential for overcoming this issue. Engineered nanoparticles coupled with therapeutic moieties and imaging agents
with dimensions ranging from 1-100 nm can improve effectiveness, cellular uptake, selective
transport, and drug delivery to the brain due to their changed physicochemical properties. Conjugates of nanoparticles and medicinal plants, or their constituents known as nano phytomedicine,
have recently gained importance in developing cutting-edge neuro-therapeutics due to their abundant natural supply, promising targeted delivery to the brain, and lower potential for adverse effects. This study summarizes the common NDs, their prevalence and pathogenesis, and potential
herbal nanoformulation for treating NDs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Md Sadique Hussain
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jaipur National University, Jaipur, Rajasthan, 302017, India
| | - Varunesh Chaturvedi
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jaipur National University, Jaipur, Rajasthan, 302017, India
| | - Saloni Goyal
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jaipur National University, Jaipur, Rajasthan, 302017, India
| | - Sandeep Singh
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jaipur National University, Jaipur, Rajasthan, 302017, India
| | - Reyaz Hassan Mir
- Pharmaceutical
Chemistry Division, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kashmir, Hazratbal, Srinagar, Jammu and
Kashmir, 190006, India
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Oresanya IO, Orhan IE. Deciphering Neuroprotective Effect of Rosmarinus officinalis L. (syn. Salvia rosmarinus Spenn.) through Preclinical and Clinical Studies. Curr Drug Targets 2024; 25:330-352. [PMID: 38258779 DOI: 10.2174/0113894501255093240117092328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Rosmarinus officinalis L. (RO, rosemary) is a well-known medicinal, aromatic, and culinary herb with traditional use in European folk medicine against memory deficits and neurodegenerative disorders. This review highlights the different neuroprotective activities of RO investigated in both preclinical and clinical studies, as well as in silico molecular docking of bioactive compounds found in RO. The neuroprotective effect of RO was searched through databases including PubMed, Web of Science (WoS), Scopus, and Clinical Trials using the keywords "Rosmarinus officinalis, rosemary, neuroprotective effect, memory, cognitive dysfunction, Alzheimer's disease." RO, which is rich in secondary metabolites that have memory-enhancing potential, has displayed neuroprotection through different molecular mechanisms such as inhibition of cholinesterase, modulation of dopaminergic and oxytocinergic systems, mediation of oxidative and inflammatory proteins, involved in neuropathic pain, among others. RO extracts exhibited antidepressant and anxiolytic activities. Also, the plant has shown efficacy in scopolamine-, lipopolysaccharide-, AlCl3-, and H2O2-induced amnesia as well as amyloid-beta- and ibotenic acid-induced neurotoxicity and chronic constriction injury-related oxidative stress memory and cognitive impairments in animal models. A few clinical studies available supported the neuroprotective effects of RO and its constituents. However, more clinical studies are needed to confirm results from preclinical studies further and should include not only placebo-controlled studies but also studies including positive controls using approved drugs. Many studies underlined that constituents of RO may have the potential for developing drug candidates against Alzheimer's disease that possess high bioavailability, low toxicity, and enhanced penetration to CNS, as revealed from the experimental and molecular docking analysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ibukun O Oresanya
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, 06330 Ankara, Türkiye
| | - Ilkay E Orhan
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, 06330 Ankara, Türkiye
- Turkish Academy of Sciences (TÜBA), Vedat Dalokay Street, No. 112, 06670 Ankara, Türkiye
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Islam F, Islam MM, Khan Meem AF, Nafady MH, Islam MR, Akter A, Mitra S, Alhumaydhi FA, Emran TB, Khusro A, Simal-Gandara J, Eftekhari A, Karimi F, Baghayeri M. Multifaceted role of polyphenols in the treatment and management of neurodegenerative diseases. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 307:136020. [PMID: 35985383 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Revised: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) are conditions that cause neuron structure and/or function to deteriorate over time. Genetic alterations may be responsible for several NDDs. However, a multitude of physiological systems can trigger neurodegeneration. Several NDDs, such as Huntington's, Parkinson's, and Alzheimer's, are assigned to oxidative stress (OS). Low concentrations of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species are crucial for maintaining normal brain activities, as their increasing concentrations can promote neural apoptosis. OS-mediated neurodegeneration has been linked to several factors, including notable dysfunction of mitochondria, excitotoxicity, and Ca2+ stress. However, synthetic drugs are commonly utilized to treat most NDDs, and these treatments have been known to have side effects during treatment. According to providing empirical evidence, studies have discovered many occurring natural components in plants used to treat NDDs. Polyphenols are often safer and have lesser side effects. As, epigallocatechin-3-gallate, resveratrol, curcumin, quercetin, celastrol, berberine, genistein, and luteolin have p-values less than 0.05, so they are typically considered to be statistically significant. These polyphenols could be a choice of interest as therapeutics for NDDs. This review highlighted to discusses the putative effectiveness of polyphenols against the most prevalent NDDs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fahadul Islam
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, 1207, Bangladesh
| | - Md Mohaimenul Islam
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, 1207, Bangladesh
| | - Atkia Farzana Khan Meem
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, 1207, Bangladesh
| | - Mohamed H Nafady
- Faculty of Applied Health Science Technology, Misr University for Science and Technology, Giza, 12568, Egypt
| | - Md Rezaul Islam
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, 1207, Bangladesh
| | - Aklima Akter
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, 1207, Bangladesh
| | - Saikat Mitra
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Fahad A Alhumaydhi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, 52571, Saudi Arabia
| | - Talha Bin Emran
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, 1207, Bangladesh; Department of Pharmacy, BGC Trust University Bangladesh, Chittagong, 4381, Bangladesh.
| | - Ameer Khusro
- Department of Biotechnology, Hindustan College of Arts & Science, Padur, OMR, Chennai, 603103, India; Centre for Research and Development, Department of Biotechnology, Hindustan College of Arts & Science, Padur, OMR, Chennai, 603103, India
| | - Jesus Simal-Gandara
- Universidade de Vigo, Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Faculty of Science, E32004, Ourense, Spain.
| | - Aziz Eftekhari
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Biomedicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Karimi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Quchan University of Technology, Quchan, Iran.
| | - Mehdi Baghayeri
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Hakim Sabzevari University, PO. Box 397, Sabzevar, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Nanomedicine for Neurodegenerative Disorders: Focus on Alzheimer's and Parkinson's Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22169082. [PMID: 34445784 PMCID: PMC8396516 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22169082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative disorders involve the slow and gradual degeneration of axons and neurons in the central nervous system (CNS), resulting in abnormalities in cellular function and eventual cellular demise. Patients with these disorders succumb to the high medical costs and the disruption of their normal lives. Current therapeutics employed for treating these diseases are deemed palliative. Hence, a treatment strategy that targets the disease's cause, not just the symptoms exhibited, is desired. The synergistic use of nanomedicine and gene therapy to effectively target the causative mutated gene/s in the CNS disease progression could provide the much-needed impetus in this battle against these diseases. This review focuses on Parkinson's and Alzheimer's diseases, the gene/s and proteins responsible for the damage and death of neurons, and the importance of nanomedicine as a potential treatment strategy. Multiple genes were identified in this regard, each presenting with various mutations. Hence, genome-wide sequencing is essential for specific treatment in patients. While a cure is yet to be achieved, genomic studies form the basis for creating a highly efficacious nanotherapeutic that can eradicate these dreaded diseases. Thus, nanomedicine can lead the way in helping millions of people worldwide to eventually lead a better life.
Collapse
|
6
|
Gupta A, Singh AK, Kumar R, Jamieson S, Pandey AK, Bishayee A. Neuroprotective Potential of Ellagic Acid: A Critical Review. Adv Nutr 2021; 12:1211-1238. [PMID: 33693510 PMCID: PMC8321875 DOI: 10.1093/advances/nmab007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Revised: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Ellagic acid (EA) is a dietary polyphenol present in various fruits, vegetables, herbs, and nuts. It exists either independently or as part of complex structures, such as ellagitannins, which release EA and several other metabolites including urolithins following absorption. During the past few decades, EA has drawn considerable attention because of its vast range of biological activities as well as its numerous molecular targets. Several studies have reported that the oxidative stress-lowering potential of EA accounts for its broad-spectrum pharmacological attributes. At the biochemical level, several mechanisms have also been associated with its therapeutic action, including its efficacy in normalizing lipid metabolism and lipidemic profile, regulating proinflammatory mediators, such as IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α, upregulating nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 and inhibiting NF-κB action. EA exerts appreciable neuroprotective activity by its free radical-scavenging action, iron chelation, initiation of several cell signaling pathways, and alleviation of mitochondrial dysfunction. Numerous in vivo studies have also explored the neuroprotective attribute of EA against various neurotoxins in animal models. Despite the increasing number of publications with experimental evidence, a critical analysis of available literature to understand the full neuroprotective potential of EA has not been performed. The present review provides up-to-date, comprehensive, and critical information regarding the natural sources of EA, its bioavailability, metabolism, neuroprotective activities, and underlying mechanisms of action in order to encourage further studies to define the clinical usefulness of EA for the management of neurological disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ashutosh Gupta
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Amit Kumar Singh
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ramesh Kumar
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sarah Jamieson
- Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, FL, USA
| | - Abhay Kumar Pandey
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Anupam Bishayee
- Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, FL, USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Luthra R, Roy A. Role of medicinal plants against neurodegenerative diseases. Curr Pharm Biotechnol 2021; 23:123-139. [PMID: 33573549 DOI: 10.2174/1389201022666210211123539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Revised: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Diseases with a significant loss of neurons, structurally and functionally are termed as neurodegenerative diseases. Due to the present therapeutic interventions and progressive nature of diseases, a variety of side effects have risen up, thus leading the patients to go for an alternative medication. The role of medicinal plants in such cases has been beneficial because of their exhibition via different cellular and molecular mechanisms. Alleviation in inflammatory responses, suppression of the functionary aspect of pro-inflammatory cytokines like a tumor, improvement in antioxidative properties is among few neuroprotective mechanisms of traditional plants. Variation in transcription and transduction pathways play a vital role in the preventive measures of plants in such diseases. Neurodegenerative diseases are generally caused by depletion of proteins, oxidative and inflammatory stress, environmental changes and so on, with aging being the most important cause. Natural compounds can be used in order to treat neurodegenerative diseases Medicinal plants such as Ginseng, Withania somnifera, Bacopa monnieri, Ginkgo biloba, etc. are some of the medicinal plants for prevention of neurological symptoms. This review deals with the use of different medicinal plants for the prevention of neurodegenerative diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ritika Luthra
- Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University, Delhi. India
| | - Arpita Roy
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering & Technology, Sharda University, Greater Noida. India
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Clinically Applicable Quantitative Magnetic Resonance Morphologic Measurements of Grey Matter Changes in the Human Brain. Brain Sci 2021; 11:brainsci11010055. [PMID: 33466559 PMCID: PMC7824828 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci11010055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Revised: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Purpose: Quantitative magnetic resonance imaging (qMRI) measurements can be used to sensitively estimate brain morphological alterations and may support clinical diagnosis of neurodegenerative diseases (ND). We aimed to establish a normative reference database for a clinical applicable quantitative MR morphologic measurement on neurodegenerative changes in patients; (2) Methods: Healthy subjects (HCs, n = 120) with an evenly distribution between 21 to 70 years and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) patients (n = 11, mean age = 52.45 ± 6.80 years), as an example of ND patients, underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examinations under routine diagnostic conditions. Regional cortical thickness (rCTh) in 68 regions of interest (ROIs) and subcortical grey matter volume (SGMV) in 14 ROIs were determined from all subjects by using Computational Anatomy Toolbox. Those derived from HCs were analyzed to determine age-related differences and subsequently used as reference to estimate ALS-related alterations; (3) Results: In HCs, the rCTh (in 49/68 regions) and the SGMV (in 9/14 regions) in elderly subjects were less than those in younger subjects and exhibited negative linear correlations to age (p < 0.0007 for rCTh and p < 0.004 for SGMV). In comparison to age- and sex-matched HCs, the ALS patients revealed significant decreases of rCTh in eight ROIs, majorly located in frontal and temporal lobes; (4) Conclusion: The present study proves an overall grey matter decline with normal ageing as reported previously. The provided reference may be used for detection of grey matter alterations in neurodegenerative diseases that are not apparent in standard MR scans, indicating the potential of using qMRI as an add-on diagnostic tool in a clinical setting.
Collapse
|
9
|
Uddin MS, Al Mamun A, Kabir MT, Ahmad J, Jeandet P, Sarwar MS, Ashraf GM, Aleya L. Neuroprotective role of polyphenols against oxidative stress-mediated neurodegeneration. Eur J Pharmacol 2020; 886:173412. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.173412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2019] [Revised: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
|
10
|
Khan A, Jahan S, Imtiyaz Z, Alshahrani S, Antar Makeen H, Mohammed Alshehri B, Kumar A, Arafah A, Rehman MU. Neuroprotection: Targeting Multiple Pathways by Naturally Occurring Phytochemicals. Biomedicines 2020; 8:E284. [PMID: 32806490 PMCID: PMC7459826 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines8080284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Revised: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
With the increase in the expectancy of the life span of humans, neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) have imposed a considerable burden on the family, society, and nation. In defiance of the breakthroughs in the knowledge of the pathogenesis and underlying mechanisms of various NDs, very little success has been achieved in developing effective therapies. This review draws a bead on the availability of the nutraceuticals to date for various NDs (Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Huntington's disease, vascular cognitive impairment, Prion disease, Spinocerebellar ataxia, Spinal muscular atrophy, Frontotemporal dementia, and Pick's disease) focusing on their various mechanisms of action in various in vivo and in vitro models of NDs. This review is distinctive in its compilation to critically review preclinical and clinical studies of the maximum phytochemicals in amelioration and prevention of almost all kinds of neurodegenerative diseases and address their possible mechanism of action. PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library searches were used for preclinical studies, while ClinicalTrials.gov and PubMed were searched for clinical updates. The results from preclinical studies demonstrate the efficacious effects of the phytochemicals in various NDs while clinical reports showing mixed results with promise for phytochemical use as an adjunct to the conventional treatment in various NDs. These studies together suggest that phytochemicals can significantly act upon different mechanisms of disease such as oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptotic pathways, and gene regulation. However, further clinical studies are needed that should include the appropriate biomarkers of NDs and the effect of phytochemicals on them as well as targeting the appropriate population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andleeb Khan
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Sadaf Jahan
- Medical Laboratories Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Majmaah 15341, Saudi Arabia; (S.J.); (B.M.A.)
| | - Zuha Imtiyaz
- Clinical Drug Development, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan;
| | - Saeed Alshahrani
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Hafiz Antar Makeen
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Bader Mohammed Alshehri
- Medical Laboratories Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Majmaah 15341, Saudi Arabia; (S.J.); (B.M.A.)
| | - Ajay Kumar
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Habitat Centre, Phase-10, Sector-64, Mohali 160062, India;
| | - Azher Arafah
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.); (M.U.R.)
| | - Muneeb U. Rehman
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.); (M.U.R.)
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Moradi SZ, Momtaz S, Bayrami Z, Farzaei MH, Abdollahi M. Nanoformulations of Herbal Extracts in Treatment of Neurodegenerative Disorders. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:238. [PMID: 32318551 PMCID: PMC7154137 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.00238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2019] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanotechnology is one of the methods that influenced human life in different ways and is a substantial approach that assists to overcome the multiple limitations of various diseases, particularly neurodegenerative disorders (NDs). Diverse nanostructures such as polymer nanoparticles, lipid nanoparticles, nanoliposomes, nano-micelles, and carbon nanotubes (CNTs); as well as different vehicle systems including poly lactic-co-glycolic acid, lactoferrin, and polybutylcyanoacrylate could significantly increase the effectiveness, reduce the side effects, enhance the stability, and improve the pharmacokinetics of many drugs. NDs belong to a group of annoying and debilitating diseases that involve millions of people worldwide. Previous studies revealed that several nanoformulations from a number of natural products such as curcumin (Cur), quercetin (QC), resveratrol (RSV), piperine (PIP), Ginkgo biloba, and Nigella sativa significantly improved the condition of patients diagnosed with NDs. Drug delivery to the central nervous system (CNS) has several limitations, in which the blood brain barrier (BBB) is the main drawback for treatment of NDs. This review discusses the effects of herbal-based nanoformulations, their advantages and disadvantages, to manage NDs. In summary, we conclude that herbal-based nano systems have promising proficiency in treatment of NDs, either alone or in combination with other drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Zachariah Moradi
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
- Medical Biology Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Saeideh Momtaz
- Medicinal Plants Research Center, Institute of Medicinal Plants, ACECR, Karaj, Iran
- Toxicology and Diseases Group, Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center (PSRC), The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Bayrami
- Toxicology and Diseases Group, Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center (PSRC), The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hosein Farzaei
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
- Medical Biology Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mohammad Abdollahi
- Toxicology and Diseases Group, Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center (PSRC), The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Bagheri H, Ghasemi F, Barreto GE, Rafiee R, Sathyapalan T, Sahebkar A. Effects of curcumin on mitochondria in neurodegenerative diseases. Biofactors 2020; 46:5-20. [PMID: 31580521 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Accepted: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) result from progressive deterioration of selectively susceptible neuron populations in different central nervous system (CNS) regions. NDs are classified in accordance with the primary clinical manifestations (e.g., parkinsonism, dementia, or motor neuron disease), the anatomic basis of neurodegeneration (e.g., frontotemporal degenerations, extrapyramidal disorders, or spinocerebellar degenerations), and fundamental molecular abnormalities (e.g., mutations, mitochondrial dysfunction, and its related molecular alterations). NDs include the Alzheimer disease and Parkinson disease, among others. There is a growing evidence that mitochondrial dysfunction and its related mutations in the form of oxidative/nitrosative stress and neurotoxic compounds play major roles in the pathogenesis of various NDs. Curcumin, a polyphenol and nontoxic compound, obtained from turmeric, has been shown to have a therapeutic beneficial effect in various disorders especially on the CNS cells. It has been shown that curcumin has considerable neuro- and mitochondria-protective properties against broad-spectrum neurotoxic compounds and diseases/injury-associating NDs. In this article, we have reviewed the various effects of curcumin on mitochondrial dysfunction in NDs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Bagheri
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| | - Faezeh Ghasemi
- Blood Transfusion Research Center, High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion Medicine, Tehran, Iran
| | - George E Barreto
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
- Health Research Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Rouhullah Rafiee
- Sciences and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Thozhukat Sathyapalan
- Department of Academic Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hull York Medical School, University of Hull, Hull, UK
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Halal Research Center of IRI, FDA, Tehran, Iran
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Amin N, Tan X, Ren Q, Zhu N, Botchway BOA, Hu Z, Fang M. Recent advances of induced pluripotent stem cells application in neurodegenerative diseases. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2019; 95:109674. [PMID: 31255650 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2019.109674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Revised: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Stem cell is defined by its ability to self-renewal and generates differentiated functional cell types, which are derived from the embryo and various sources of postnatal animal. These cells can be divided according to their potential development into totipotent, unipotent, multipotent andpluripotent. Pluripotent is considered as the most important type due to its advantageous capability to create different cell types of the body in a similar behavior as embryonic stem cell. Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) are adult cells that maintain the characteristics of embryonic stem cells because it can be genetically reprogrammed to an embryonic stem cell-like state via express genes and transcription factors. Such cells provide an efficient pathway to explorehuman diseases and their corresponding therapy, particularly, neurodevelopmental disorders. Consequently, iPSCs can be investigated to check the specific mutations of neurodegenerative disease due to their unique ability to differentiate into neural cell types and/or neural organoids. The current review addresses the different neurodegenerative diseases model by using iPSCs approach such as Alzheimer's diseases (AD), Parkinson diseases (PD),multiplesclerosis(MS) and psychiatric disorders. We also highlight the importance of autophagy in neurodegenerative diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nashwa Amin
- Institute of Neuroscience, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Aswan University, Egypt
| | - Xiaoning Tan
- Institute of Neuroscience, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qiannan Ren
- Institute of Neuroscience, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ning Zhu
- Institute of Neuroscience, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Hebei North University,Zhangjiakou, China
| | - Benson O A Botchway
- Institute of Neuroscience, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhiying Hu
- Obstetrics & Gynecology Department, Zhejiang Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine Hospital, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Marong Fang
- Institute of Neuroscience, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Synthesis of Novel Baicalein Amino Acid Derivatives and Biological Evaluation as Neuroprotective Agents. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24203647. [PMID: 31601055 PMCID: PMC6832219 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24203647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2019] [Revised: 09/27/2019] [Accepted: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Baicalein, a famously effective component of the traditional Chinese medicine Rhizoma Huang Qin (Scutellaria altissima L.), has been proved to have potent neuroprotection and anti-platelet aggregation effects with few side effects. Meanwhile, recent studies have revealed that the introduction of amino acid to baicalein could improve its neuroprotective activity. In the present study, a series of novel baicalein amino acid derivatives were designed, synthesized, and screened for their neuroprotective effect against tert-butyl, hydroperoxide-induced, SH-SY5Y neurotoxicity cells and toxicity on the normal H9C2 cell line by standard methylthiazol tetrazolium (MTT) assay. In addition, all of the newly synthesized compounds were characterized by 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, and high resolution mass spectrometry (HR-MS). The results showed that most of the compounds provided more potent neuroprotection than baicalein, and were equivalent to the positive drug edaravin. They showed no obvious cytotoxicity on normal H9C2 cells. Notably, the most active compound 8 displayed the highest protective effect (50% effective concentration (EC50) = 4.31 μM) against tert-butyl, hydroperoxide-induced, SH-SY5Y neurotoxicity cells, which was much better than the baicalein (EC50 = 24.77 μM) and edaravin (EC50 = 5.62 μM). Further research on the chick chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) model indicated that compound 8 could significantly increase angiogenesis, which might promote neurovascular proliferation. The detection of apoptosis analysis showed that compound 8 could dramatically alleviate morphological manifestations of cell damage. Moreover, the benzyloxycarbonyl (cbz)-protected baicalein amino acid derivatives showed better neuroprotective activity than the t-Butyloxy carbonyl (boc)-protected derivatives.
Collapse
|
15
|
Neuroprotective Role of Phytochemicals. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23102485. [PMID: 30262792 PMCID: PMC6222499 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23102485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2018] [Revised: 09/25/2018] [Accepted: 09/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases are normally distinguished as disorders with loss of neurons. Various compounds are being tested to treat neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) but they possess solitary symptomatic advantages with numerous side effects. Accumulative studies have been conducted to validate the benefit of phytochemicals to treat neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD). In this present review we explored the potential efficacy of phytochemicals such as epigallocatechin-3-galate, berberin, curcumin, resveratrol, quercetin and limonoids against the most common NDs, including Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD). The beneficial potentials of these phytochemicals have been demonstrated by evidence-based but more extensive investigation needs to be conducted for reducing the progression of AD and PD.
Collapse
|
16
|
Sivanantham B, Krishnan U, Rajendiran V. Amelioration of oxidative stress in differentiated neuronal cells by rutin regulated by a concentration switch. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 108:15-26. [PMID: 30212708 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.09.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2018] [Revised: 08/18/2018] [Accepted: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing studies have implicated superfluous production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) as a significant factor in the progress of neurodegenerative disorders ranging from ischemic stroke to amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. The possible mechanisms relating to oxidative stress and neurodegeneration are yet to be thoroughly understood. Rutin, a flavonoid, has been well documented for its beneficial and pharmacological activities against diverse targets. However, the mechanism involved in the beneficial effects of rutin against neurodegeneration still remains unclear. Our study investigates the concentration switch effects of rutin on differentiated human neuroblastoma cells (IMR32) in vitro to unveil the possible mechanism of its action. IMR32 cells were differentiated using retinoic acid and challenged with different doses of rutin for 24 h duration to study the influence of ROS on differentiated neuronal cells and ROS-mediated apoptosis. The study showed that the high (100 μM) and low (100 nM and 10μM) rutin concentrations significantly avert ROS generation by two different mechanisms, by enhancing apoptosis through the modulation of levels of Bcl2, Caspase-3, survivin and its antioxidant activity via stress-related proteins, JNK and p38 MAPK. Our study suggests that rutin is a multi-targeted therapeutic and preventive agent that may act as an adjuvant complementary therapeutic molecule to treat oxidative stress-mediated neurodegeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Banudevi Sivanantham
- Centre for Nanotechnology & Advanced Biomaterials (CeNTAB), School of Chemical & Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed-to-be University, Thanjavur 613 401, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - UmaMaheswari Krishnan
- Centre for Nanotechnology & Advanced Biomaterials (CeNTAB), School of Chemical & Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed-to-be University, Thanjavur 613 401, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Vignesh Rajendiran
- Centre for Nanotechnology & Advanced Biomaterials (CeNTAB), School of Chemical & Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed-to-be University, Thanjavur 613 401, Tamil Nadu, India
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Therapeutic Potential of Oridonin and Its Analogs: From Anticancer and Antiinflammation to Neuroprotection. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23020474. [PMID: 29470395 PMCID: PMC6017549 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23020474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2018] [Revised: 02/13/2018] [Accepted: 02/21/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Oridonin, a diterpenoid natural product commonly used in East Asian herbal medicine, is garnering increased attention in the biomedical community due to its extensive biological activities that include antitumor, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, hepatic fibrosis prevention, and neurological effects. Over the past decade, significant progress has been made in structure activity relationship and mechanism of action studies of oridonin for the treatment of cancer and other diseases. This review provides a brief summary on oridonin and its analogs in cancer drug discovery and antiinflammation and highlights its emerging therapeutic potential in neuroprotection applications.
Collapse
|
18
|
Sowndhararajan K, Deepa P, Kim M, Park SJ, Kim S. Baicalein as a potent neuroprotective agent: A review. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 95:1021-1032. [PMID: 28922719 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.08.135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2017] [Revised: 08/29/2017] [Accepted: 08/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent times, neurodegenerative diseases are the most challenging global health problems. Neuronal cell death or damage is a key factor for many neurodegenerative disorders. Therefore, there has been a growing interest in the development of effective neuroprotective agents, especially from natural sources. In particular, phytochemicals have shown high efficacy with low side effects in various in vitro and in vivo studies. In the various phytoconstituents, flavonoids are important bioactive products and mainly found in various vegetables and fruits. Among them, baicalein is one of the important flavones, which is mainly found in the root of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi. A number of studies have reported that baicalein has potent neuroprotective properties under in vitro as well as in vivo systems. Hence, the purpose of this paper is to provide a review of the existing literature in connection with the neuroprotective effects of baicalein and its molecular mechanisms of action. The current review highlights could be useful to identify novel therapeutic agents in relation to the treatment of neurotoxicity-mediated diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kandhasamy Sowndhararajan
- School of Natural Resources and Environmental Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Ponnuvel Deepa
- School of Natural Resources and Environmental Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Minju Kim
- School of Natural Resources and Environmental Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Se Jin Park
- School of Natural Resources and Environmental Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Songmun Kim
- School of Natural Resources and Environmental Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Neuroprotective and Cognitive Enhancement Potentials of Angelica gigas Nakai Root: A Review. Sci Pharm 2017; 85:scipharm85020021. [PMID: 28452965 PMCID: PMC5489925 DOI: 10.3390/scipharm85020021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2017] [Revised: 04/25/2017] [Accepted: 04/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Angelica gigas Nakai is an important medicinal plant with health promoting properties that is used to treat many disorders. In traditional herbal medicine, the root of this plant is used to promote blood flow, to treat anemia, and is used as sedative or tonic agent. The root contains various bioactive metabolites; in particular, decursin and decursinol (pyranocoumarin type components) have been reported to possess various pharmacological properties. Recently, several in vitro and in vivo studies have reported that the crude extracts and isolated components from the root of A. gigas exhibited neuroprotective and cognitive enhancement effects. Neuronal damage or death is the most important factor for many neurodegenerative diseases. In addition, recent studies have clearly demonstrated the possible mechanisms behind the neuroprotective action of extracts/compounds from the root of A. gigas. In the present review, we summarized the neuroprotective and cognitive enhancement effects of extracts and individual compounds from A. gigas root.
Collapse
|
20
|
Chen X, Pan W. The Treatment Strategies for Neurodegenerative Diseases by Integrative Medicine. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1159/000381546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|