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Lempel N, Shelly S, Chorin O, Rock R, Eliyahu A, Finezilber Y, Poran H, Feinstein-Goren N, Segev M, Reznik-Wolf H, Barel O, Orion D, Anis S, Regev M, Yonath H, Dominissini D, Blatt I, Hassin-Baer S, Dori A, Pras E, Greenbaum L. The yield of genetic workup for middle-aged and elderly patients with neurological disorders in a real-world setting. J Neurol Sci 2024; 463:123074. [PMID: 38968664 DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2024.123074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/07/2024]
Abstract
Genetic workup is becoming increasingly common in the clinical assessment of neurological disorders. We evaluated its yield among middle-aged and elderly neurological patients, in a real-world context. This retrospective study included 368 consecutive Israeli patients aged 50 years and older (202 [54.9%] males), who were referred to a single neurogenetics clinic between 2017 and mid-2023. All had neurological disorders, without a previous molecular diagnosis. Demographic, clinical and genetic data were collected from medical records. The mean age at first genetic counseling at the clinic was 62.3 ± 7.8 years (range 50-85 years), and the main indications for referral were neuromuscular, movement and cerebrovascular disorders, as well as cognitive impairment and dementia. Out of the 368 patients, 245 (66.6%) underwent genetic testing that included exome sequencing (ES), analysis of nucleotide repeat expansions, detection of specific mutations, targeted gene panel sequencing or chromosomal microarray analysis. Overall, 80 patients (21.7%) received a molecular diagnosis due to 36 conditions, accounting for 32.7% of the patients who performed genetic testing. The diagnostic rates were highest for neuromuscular (58/186 patients [31.2%] in this group, 39.2% of 148 tested individuals) and movement disorders (14/79 [17.7%] patients, 29.2% of 48 tested), but lower for other disorders. Testing of nucleotide repeat expansions and ES provided a diagnosis to 28/73 (38.4%) and 19/132 (14.4%) individuals, respectively. Based on our findings, genetic workup and testing are useful in the diagnostic process of neurological patients aged ≥50 years, in particular for those with neuromuscular and movement disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noga Lempel
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Shahar Shelly
- Department of Neurology, Rambam Medical Center, Haifa, Israel; Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion, Haifa, Israel; Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States of America
| | - Odelia Chorin
- The Danek Gertner Institute of Human Genetics, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
| | - Rachel Rock
- The Danek Gertner Institute of Human Genetics, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
| | - Aviva Eliyahu
- The Danek Gertner Institute of Human Genetics, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
| | - Yael Finezilber
- The Danek Gertner Institute of Human Genetics, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
| | - Hana Poran
- The Danek Gertner Institute of Human Genetics, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
| | - Neta Feinstein-Goren
- The Danek Gertner Institute of Human Genetics, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
| | - Meirav Segev
- The Danek Gertner Institute of Human Genetics, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
| | - Haike Reznik-Wolf
- The Danek Gertner Institute of Human Genetics, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
| | - Ortal Barel
- The Genomics Unit, Sheba Cancer Research Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
| | - David Orion
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; Department of Neurology, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
| | - Saar Anis
- Department of Neurology, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel; Movement Disorders Institute, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
| | - Miriam Regev
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; The Danek Gertner Institute of Human Genetics, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
| | - Hagith Yonath
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; The Danek Gertner Institute of Human Genetics, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel; Department of Internal Medicine A, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
| | - Dan Dominissini
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; The Genomics Unit, Sheba Cancer Research Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel; The Wohl Institute for Translational Medicine, Sheba Cancer Research Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
| | - Ilan Blatt
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Sharon Hassin-Baer
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; Department of Neurology, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel; Movement Disorders Institute, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
| | - Amir Dori
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; Department of Neurology, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
| | - Elon Pras
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; The Danek Gertner Institute of Human Genetics, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
| | - Lior Greenbaum
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; The Danek Gertner Institute of Human Genetics, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel; The Joseph Sagol Neuroscience Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel.
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2
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Dumont M, Weber-Lassalle N, Joly-Beauparlant C, Ernst C, Droit A, Feng BJ, Dubois S, Collin-Deschesnes AC, Soucy P, Vallée M, Fournier F, Lemaçon A, Adank MA, Allen J, Altmüller J, Arnold N, Ausems MGEM, Berutti R, Bolla MK, Bull S, Carvalho S, Cornelissen S, Dufault MR, Dunning AM, Engel C, Gehrig A, Geurts-Giele WRR, Gieger C, Green J, Hackmann K, Helmy M, Hentschel J, Hogervorst FBL, Hollestelle A, Hooning MJ, Horváth J, Ikram MA, Kaulfuß S, Keeman R, Kuang D, Luccarini C, Maier W, Martens JWM, Niederacher D, Nürnberg P, Ott CE, Peters A, Pharoah PDP, Ramirez A, Ramser J, Riedel-Heller S, Schmidt G, Shah M, Scherer M, Stäbler A, Strom TM, Sutter C, Thiele H, van Asperen CJ, van der Kolk L, van der Luijt RB, Volk AE, Wagner M, Waisfisz Q, Wang Q, Wang-Gohrke S, Weber BHF, Devilee P, Tavtigian S, Bader GD, Meindl A, Goldgar DE, Andrulis IL, Schmutzler RK, Easton DF, Schmidt MK, Hahnen E, Simard J. Uncovering the Contribution of Moderate-Penetrance Susceptibility Genes to Breast Cancer by Whole-Exome Sequencing and Targeted Enrichment Sequencing of Candidate Genes in Women of European Ancestry. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14143363. [PMID: 35884425 PMCID: PMC9317824 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14143363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Rare variants in at least 10 genes, including BRCA1, BRCA2, PALB2, ATM, and CHEK2, are associated with increased risk of breast cancer; however, these variants, in combination with common variants identified through genome-wide association studies, explain only a fraction of the familial aggregation of the disease. To identify further susceptibility genes, we performed a two-stage whole-exome sequencing study. In the discovery stage, samples from 1528 breast cancer cases enriched for breast cancer susceptibility and 3733 geographically matched unaffected controls were sequenced. Using five different filtering and gene prioritization strategies, 198 genes were selected for further validation. These genes, and a panel of 32 known or suspected breast cancer susceptibility genes, were assessed in a validation set of 6211 cases and 6019 controls for their association with risk of breast cancer overall, and by estrogen receptor (ER) disease subtypes, using gene burden tests applied to loss-of-function and rare missense variants. Twenty genes showed nominal evidence of association (p-value < 0.05) with either overall or subtype-specific breast cancer. Our study had the statistical power to detect susceptibility genes with effect sizes similar to ATM, CHEK2, and PALB2, however, it was underpowered to identify genes in which susceptibility variants are rarer or confer smaller effect sizes. Larger sample sizes would be required in order to identify such genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martine Dumont
- Genomics Center, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, 2705 Laurier Boulevard, Quebec City, QC GIV 4G2, Canada; (M.D.); (C.J.-B.); (A.D.); (S.D.); (A.-C.C.-D.); (P.S.); (M.V.); (F.F.); (A.L.)
| | - Nana Weber-Lassalle
- Center for Familial Breast and Ovarian Cancer, Center for Integrated Oncology (CIO), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany; (N.W.-L.); (C.E.); (R.K.S.); (E.H.)
| | - Charles Joly-Beauparlant
- Genomics Center, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, 2705 Laurier Boulevard, Quebec City, QC GIV 4G2, Canada; (M.D.); (C.J.-B.); (A.D.); (S.D.); (A.-C.C.-D.); (P.S.); (M.V.); (F.F.); (A.L.)
| | - Corinna Ernst
- Center for Familial Breast and Ovarian Cancer, Center for Integrated Oncology (CIO), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany; (N.W.-L.); (C.E.); (R.K.S.); (E.H.)
| | - Arnaud Droit
- Genomics Center, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, 2705 Laurier Boulevard, Quebec City, QC GIV 4G2, Canada; (M.D.); (C.J.-B.); (A.D.); (S.D.); (A.-C.C.-D.); (P.S.); (M.V.); (F.F.); (A.L.)
| | - Bing-Jian Feng
- Department of Dermatology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84103, USA; (B.-J.F.); (D.E.G.)
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA;
| | - Stéphane Dubois
- Genomics Center, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, 2705 Laurier Boulevard, Quebec City, QC GIV 4G2, Canada; (M.D.); (C.J.-B.); (A.D.); (S.D.); (A.-C.C.-D.); (P.S.); (M.V.); (F.F.); (A.L.)
| | - Annie-Claude Collin-Deschesnes
- Genomics Center, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, 2705 Laurier Boulevard, Quebec City, QC GIV 4G2, Canada; (M.D.); (C.J.-B.); (A.D.); (S.D.); (A.-C.C.-D.); (P.S.); (M.V.); (F.F.); (A.L.)
| | - Penny Soucy
- Genomics Center, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, 2705 Laurier Boulevard, Quebec City, QC GIV 4G2, Canada; (M.D.); (C.J.-B.); (A.D.); (S.D.); (A.-C.C.-D.); (P.S.); (M.V.); (F.F.); (A.L.)
| | - Maxime Vallée
- Genomics Center, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, 2705 Laurier Boulevard, Quebec City, QC GIV 4G2, Canada; (M.D.); (C.J.-B.); (A.D.); (S.D.); (A.-C.C.-D.); (P.S.); (M.V.); (F.F.); (A.L.)
| | - Frédéric Fournier
- Genomics Center, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, 2705 Laurier Boulevard, Quebec City, QC GIV 4G2, Canada; (M.D.); (C.J.-B.); (A.D.); (S.D.); (A.-C.C.-D.); (P.S.); (M.V.); (F.F.); (A.L.)
| | - Audrey Lemaçon
- Genomics Center, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, 2705 Laurier Boulevard, Quebec City, QC GIV 4G2, Canada; (M.D.); (C.J.-B.); (A.D.); (S.D.); (A.-C.C.-D.); (P.S.); (M.V.); (F.F.); (A.L.)
| | - Muriel A. Adank
- Family Cancer Clinic, The Netherlands Cancer Institute—Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, 1066 Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (M.A.A.); (F.B.L.H.); (L.v.d.K.)
| | - Jamie Allen
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB1 8RN, UK; (J.A.); (M.K.B.); (S.C.); (P.D.P.P.); (Q.W.); (D.F.E.)
| | - Janine Altmüller
- Cologne Center for Genomics (CCG), Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany; (J.A.); (H.T.)
| | - Norbert Arnold
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Christian-Albrechts University Kiel, 24105 Kiel, Germany;
| | - Margreet G. E. M. Ausems
- Division Laboratories, Pharmacy and Biomedical Genetics, Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 Utrecht, The Netherlands;
| | - Riccardo Berutti
- Institute of Human Genetics, Technische Universität München, 81675 Munich, Germany; (R.B.); (T.M.S.)
| | - Manjeet K. Bolla
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB1 8RN, UK; (J.A.); (M.K.B.); (S.C.); (P.D.P.P.); (Q.W.); (D.F.E.)
| | - Shelley Bull
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System, Toronto, ON M5G 1X5, Canada; (S.B.); (J.G.); (G.D.B.); (I.L.A.)
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5T 3M7, Canada
| | - Sara Carvalho
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB1 8RN, UK; (J.A.); (M.K.B.); (S.C.); (P.D.P.P.); (Q.W.); (D.F.E.)
| | - Sten Cornelissen
- Division of Molecular Pathology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute—Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, 1066 Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (S.C.); (R.K.); (M.K.S.)
| | - Michael R. Dufault
- Precision Medicine and Computational Biology, Sanofi Genzyme, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA;
| | - Alison M. Dunning
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB1 8RN, UK; (A.M.D.); (C.L.); (M.S.)
| | - Christoph Engel
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Epidemiology, University of Leipzig, 04107 Leipzig, Germany;
| | - Andrea Gehrig
- Centre of Familial Breast and Ovarian Cancer, Department of Medical Genetics, Institute of Human Genetics, University of Würzburg, 97074 Würzburg, Germany;
| | | | - Christian Gieger
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; (C.G.); (A.P.)
- Research Unit Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Centre for Environmental Health, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Jessica Green
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System, Toronto, ON M5G 1X5, Canada; (S.B.); (J.G.); (G.D.B.); (I.L.A.)
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada;
| | - Karl Hackmann
- Institute for Clinical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany;
| | - Mohamed Helmy
- The Donnelly Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3E1, Canada;
- Bioinformatics Institute (BII), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore 138632, Singapore
- Department of Computer Science, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, ON P7B 5E1, Canada
| | - Julia Hentschel
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany;
| | - Frans B. L. Hogervorst
- Family Cancer Clinic, The Netherlands Cancer Institute—Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, 1066 Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (M.A.A.); (F.B.L.H.); (L.v.d.K.)
| | - Antoinette Hollestelle
- Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, 3015 Rotterdam, The Netherlands; (A.H.); (M.J.H.); (J.W.M.M.)
| | - Maartje J. Hooning
- Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, 3015 Rotterdam, The Netherlands; (A.H.); (M.J.H.); (J.W.M.M.)
| | - Judit Horváth
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany;
| | - M. Arfan Ikram
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, 3015 Rotterdam, The Netherlands;
| | - Silke Kaulfuß
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center Göttingen, 37075 Göttingen, Germany;
| | - Renske Keeman
- Division of Molecular Pathology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute—Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, 1066 Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (S.C.); (R.K.); (M.K.S.)
| | - Da Kuang
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada;
- The Donnelly Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3E1, Canada;
| | - Craig Luccarini
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB1 8RN, UK; (A.M.D.); (C.L.); (M.S.)
| | - Wolfgang Maier
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany;
| | - John W. M. Martens
- Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, 3015 Rotterdam, The Netherlands; (A.H.); (M.J.H.); (J.W.M.M.)
| | - Dieter Niederacher
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany;
| | - Peter Nürnberg
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Cologne Center for Genomics (CCG), Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany;
| | - Claus-Eric Ott
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Human Genetics, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, 13353 Berlin, Germany;
| | - Annette Peters
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; (C.G.); (A.P.)
- Department of Epidemiology, Institute for Medical Information Processing, Biometry and Epidemiology, Medical Faculty, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 80539 Munich, Germany
| | - Paul D. P. Pharoah
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB1 8RN, UK; (J.A.); (M.K.B.); (S.C.); (P.D.P.P.); (Q.W.); (D.F.E.)
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB1 8RN, UK; (A.M.D.); (C.L.); (M.S.)
| | - Alfredo Ramirez
- Division for Neurogenetics and Molecular Psychiatry, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany;
| | - Juliane Ramser
- Division of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Klinikum Rechts der Isar der Technischen Universität München, 81675 Munich, Germany; (J.R.); (A.M.)
| | - Steffi Riedel-Heller
- Institute of Social Medicine, Occupational Health and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany;
| | - Gunnar Schmidt
- Institute of Human Genetics, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany;
| | - Mitul Shah
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB1 8RN, UK; (A.M.D.); (C.L.); (M.S.)
| | - Martin Scherer
- Department of Primary Medical Care, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany;
| | - Antje Stäbler
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Applied Genomics, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany;
| | - Tim M. Strom
- Institute of Human Genetics, Technische Universität München, 81675 Munich, Germany; (R.B.); (T.M.S.)
| | - Christian Sutter
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany;
| | - Holger Thiele
- Cologne Center for Genomics (CCG), Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany; (J.A.); (H.T.)
| | - Christi J. van Asperen
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 Leiden, The Netherlands; (C.J.v.A.); (R.B.v.d.L.)
| | - Lizet van der Kolk
- Family Cancer Clinic, The Netherlands Cancer Institute—Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, 1066 Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (M.A.A.); (F.B.L.H.); (L.v.d.K.)
| | - Rob B. van der Luijt
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 Leiden, The Netherlands; (C.J.v.A.); (R.B.v.d.L.)
- Department of Medical Genetics, University Medical Center, 3584 Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Alexander E. Volk
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany;
| | - Michael Wagner
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany;
| | - Quinten Waisfisz
- Department of Human Genetics, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 Amsterdam, The Netherlands;
| | - Qin Wang
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB1 8RN, UK; (J.A.); (M.K.B.); (S.C.); (P.D.P.P.); (Q.W.); (D.F.E.)
| | - Shan Wang-Gohrke
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, University of Ulm, 89081 Ulm, Germany;
| | - Bernhard H. F. Weber
- Institute of Human Genetics, Regensburg University, 93053 Regensburg, Germany;
- Institute of Clinical Human Genetics, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | | | | | - Peter Devilee
- Department of Pathology, Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 Leiden, The Netherlands;
| | - Sean Tavtigian
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA;
- Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA
| | - Gary D. Bader
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System, Toronto, ON M5G 1X5, Canada; (S.B.); (J.G.); (G.D.B.); (I.L.A.)
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada;
- The Donnelly Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3E1, Canada;
- Department of Computer Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3E1, Canada
- Princess Margaret Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 0A3, Canada
| | - Alfons Meindl
- Division of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Klinikum Rechts der Isar der Technischen Universität München, 81675 Munich, Germany; (J.R.); (A.M.)
| | - David E. Goldgar
- Department of Dermatology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84103, USA; (B.-J.F.); (D.E.G.)
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA;
| | - Irene L. Andrulis
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System, Toronto, ON M5G 1X5, Canada; (S.B.); (J.G.); (G.D.B.); (I.L.A.)
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada;
| | - Rita K. Schmutzler
- Center for Familial Breast and Ovarian Cancer, Center for Integrated Oncology (CIO), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany; (N.W.-L.); (C.E.); (R.K.S.); (E.H.)
| | - Douglas F. Easton
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB1 8RN, UK; (J.A.); (M.K.B.); (S.C.); (P.D.P.P.); (Q.W.); (D.F.E.)
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB1 8RN, UK; (A.M.D.); (C.L.); (M.S.)
| | - Marjanka K. Schmidt
- Division of Molecular Pathology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute—Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, 1066 Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (S.C.); (R.K.); (M.K.S.)
- Division of Psychosocial Research and Epidemiology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute—Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, 1066 Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Eric Hahnen
- Center for Familial Breast and Ovarian Cancer, Center for Integrated Oncology (CIO), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany; (N.W.-L.); (C.E.); (R.K.S.); (E.H.)
| | - Jacques Simard
- Genomics Center, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, 2705 Laurier Boulevard, Quebec City, QC GIV 4G2, Canada; (M.D.); (C.J.-B.); (A.D.); (S.D.); (A.-C.C.-D.); (P.S.); (M.V.); (F.F.); (A.L.)
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +418-654-2264
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Pillay NS, Ross OA, Christoffels A, Bardien S. Current Status of Next-Generation Sequencing Approaches for Candidate Gene Discovery in Familial Parkinson´s Disease. Front Genet 2022; 13:781816. [PMID: 35299952 PMCID: PMC8921601 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.781816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease is a neurodegenerative disorder with a heterogeneous genetic etiology. The advent of next-generation sequencing (NGS) technologies has aided novel gene discovery in several complex diseases, including PD. This Perspective article aimed to explore the use of NGS approaches to identify novel loci in familial PD, and to consider their current relevance. A total of 17 studies, spanning various populations (including Asian, Middle Eastern and European ancestry), were identified. All the studies used whole-exome sequencing (WES), with only one study incorporating both WES and whole-genome sequencing. It is worth noting how additional genetic analyses (including linkage analysis, haplotyping and homozygosity mapping) were incorporated to enhance the efficacy of some studies. Also, the use of consanguineous families and the specific search for de novo mutations appeared to facilitate the finding of causal mutations. Across the studies, similarities and differences in downstream analysis methods and the types of bioinformatic tools used, were observed. Although these studies serve as a practical guide for novel gene discovery in familial PD, these approaches have not significantly resolved the "missing heritability" of PD. We speculate that what is needed is the use of third-generation sequencing technologies to identify complex genomic rearrangements and new sequence variation, missed with existing methods. Additionally, the study of ancestrally diverse populations (in particular those of Black African ancestry), with the concomitant optimization and tailoring of sequencing and analytic workflows to these populations, are critical. Only then, will this pave the way for exciting new discoveries in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikita Simone Pillay
- South African National Bioinformatics Institute (SANBI), South African Medical Research Council Bioinformatics Unit, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, South Africa
| | - Owen A. Ross
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, United States
- Department of Clinical Genomics, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, United States
| | - Alan Christoffels
- South African National Bioinformatics Institute (SANBI), South African Medical Research Council Bioinformatics Unit, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, South Africa
- Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevention, African Union Headquarters, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Soraya Bardien
- Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
- South African Medical Research Council/Stellenbosch University Genomics of Brain Disorders Research Unit, Cape Town, South Africa
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4
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Wittowski CL, Clowes Candadai S, Perrone ME, Gallego DF, Conta JH, Dickerson JA. Evaluation of Exome Sequencing Criteria for Hospital Stewardship and Insurance Authorization at a Pediatric Hospital. Arch Pathol Lab Med 2022; 146:107-111. [DOI: 10.5858/arpa.2020-0572-oa] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Context.—
Genomic molecular testing practices in a pediatric tertiary care institution can vary in utility by patient indication.
Objective.—
To evaluate exome sequencing (ES) ordering practices and the effects of applying criteria to support ES stewardship. Exome sequencing can provide molecular diagnostic information for patients with known or suspected genetic diseases, but it is relatively expensive, and the cost is often borne by patients, institutions, and payers.
Design.—
We examined ordering patterns of ES approved by board-certified geneticists at our tertiary pediatric care center, as well as preauthorization outcomes for ES requests. We compared positivity rates among patients by patient phenotype, composite insurance coverage criteria, and insurance preauthorization outcome.
Results.—
Patients who met composite coverage criteria were more likely to receive a positive result from ES compared to patients who did not meet composite coverage criteria, though this trend was not statistically significant. There was no significant difference in ES results between patients who were denied or not denied preauthorization by insurance payers.
Conclusions.—
Insurance payers should consider implementing and/or expanding coverage criteria for ES, and institutions should implement stewardship programs to support appropriate ES practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire L. Wittowski
- From the Department of Laboratories (Wittowski, Clowes Candadai, Perrone, Gallego, Conta, Dickerson), Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, Washington
| | - Sarah Clowes Candadai
- From the Department of Laboratories (Wittowski, Clowes Candadai, Perrone, Gallego, Conta, Dickerson), Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, Washington
- Patient-Centered Laboratory Utilization Guidance Services (PLUGS) (Clowes Candadai, Conta, Dickerson), Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, Washington
| | - Marie E. Perrone
- From the Department of Laboratories (Wittowski, Clowes Candadai, Perrone, Gallego, Conta, Dickerson), Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, Washington
- The Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle (Perrone, Gallego, Dickerson)
| | - Daniel F. Gallego
- From the Department of Laboratories (Wittowski, Clowes Candadai, Perrone, Gallego, Conta, Dickerson), Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, Washington
- The Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle (Perrone, Gallego, Dickerson)
| | - Jessie H. Conta
- From the Department of Laboratories (Wittowski, Clowes Candadai, Perrone, Gallego, Conta, Dickerson), Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, Washington
- Patient-Centered Laboratory Utilization Guidance Services (PLUGS) (Clowes Candadai, Conta, Dickerson), Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, Washington
| | - Jane A. Dickerson
- From the Department of Laboratories (Wittowski, Clowes Candadai, Perrone, Gallego, Conta, Dickerson), Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, Washington
- Patient-Centered Laboratory Utilization Guidance Services (PLUGS) (Clowes Candadai, Conta, Dickerson), Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, Washington
- The Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle (Perrone, Gallego, Dickerson)
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5
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A single center experience with publicly funded clinical exome sequencing for neurodevelopmental disorders or multiple congenital anomalies. Sci Rep 2021; 11:19099. [PMID: 34580403 PMCID: PMC8476634 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-98646-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Exome sequencing (ES) is an important diagnostic tool for individuals with neurodevelopmental disorders (NDD) and/or multiple congenital anomalies (MCA). However, the cost of ES limits the test's accessibility for many patients. We evaluated the yield of publicly funded clinical ES, performed at a tertiary center in Israel, over a 3-year period (2018–2020). Probands presented with (1) moderate-to-profound global developmental delay (GDD)/intellectual disability (ID); or (2) mild GDD/ID with epilepsy or congenital anomaly; and/or (3) MCA. Subjects with normal chromosomal microarray analysis who met inclusion criteria were included, totaling 280 consecutive cases. Trio ES (proband and parents) was the default option. In 252 cases (90.0%), indication of NDD was noted. Most probands were males (62.9%), and their mean age at ES submission was 9.3 years (range 1 month to 51 years). Molecular diagnosis was reached in 109 probands (38.9%), mainly due to de novo variants (91/109, 83.5%). Disease-causing variants were identified in 92 genes, 15 of which were implicated in more than a single case. Male sex, families with multiple-affected members and premature birth were significantly associated with lower ES yield (p < 0.05). Other factors, including MCA and coexistence of epilepsy, autism spectrum disorder, microcephaly or abnormal brain magnetic resonance imaging findings, were not associated with the yield. To conclude, our findings support the utility of clinical ES in a real-world setting, as part of a publicly funded genetic workup for individuals with GDD/ID and/or MCA.
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6
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Pode-Shakked B, Barel O, Singer A, Regev M, Poran H, Eliyahu A, Finezilber Y, Segev M, Berkenstadt M, Yonath H, Reznik-Wolf H, Gazit Y, Chorin O, Heimer G, Gabis LV, Tzadok M, Nissenkorn A, Bar-Yosef O, Zohar-Dayan E, Ben-Zeev B, Mor N, Kol N, Nayshool O, Shimshoviz N, Bar-Joseph I, Marek-Yagel D, Javasky E, Einy R, Gal M, Grinshpun-Cohen J, Shohat M, Dominissini D, Raas-Rothschild A, Rechavi G, Pras E, Greenbaum L. A single center experience with publicly funded clinical exome sequencing for neurodevelopmental disorders or multiple congenital anomalies. Sci Rep 2021. [DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-98646-w
expr 928064569 + 818532901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
AbstractExome sequencing (ES) is an important diagnostic tool for individuals with neurodevelopmental disorders (NDD) and/or multiple congenital anomalies (MCA). However, the cost of ES limits the test's accessibility for many patients. We evaluated the yield of publicly funded clinical ES, performed at a tertiary center in Israel, over a 3-year period (2018–2020). Probands presented with (1) moderate-to-profound global developmental delay (GDD)/intellectual disability (ID); or (2) mild GDD/ID with epilepsy or congenital anomaly; and/or (3) MCA. Subjects with normal chromosomal microarray analysis who met inclusion criteria were included, totaling 280 consecutive cases. Trio ES (proband and parents) was the default option. In 252 cases (90.0%), indication of NDD was noted. Most probands were males (62.9%), and their mean age at ES submission was 9.3 years (range 1 month to 51 years). Molecular diagnosis was reached in 109 probands (38.9%), mainly due to de novo variants (91/109, 83.5%). Disease-causing variants were identified in 92 genes, 15 of which were implicated in more than a single case. Male sex, families with multiple-affected members and premature birth were significantly associated with lower ES yield (p < 0.05). Other factors, including MCA and coexistence of epilepsy, autism spectrum disorder, microcephaly or abnormal brain magnetic resonance imaging findings, were not associated with the yield. To conclude, our findings support the utility of clinical ES in a real-world setting, as part of a publicly funded genetic workup for individuals with GDD/ID and/or MCA.
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7
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The current review seeks to provide a comprehensive update on the revolutionary technology of whole exome sequencing (WES) which has been used to interrogate abnormal foetal phenotypes since the last few years, and is changing the paradigms of prenatal diagnosis, facilitating accurate genetic diagnosis and optimal management of pregnancies affected with foetal abnormalities, as well enabling delineation of novel Mendelian disorders. RECENT FINDINGS WES has contributed to identification of more than 1000 Mendelian genes and made rapid strides into clinical diagnostics in recent years. Diagnostic yield of WES in postnatal cohorts has ranged from 25 to 50%, and this test is now a first tier investigation for various clinical presentations. Various abnormal perinatal phenotypes have also been investigated using WES since 2014, with diagnostic yields ranging from 8.5 to 80%. Studies in foetal phenotypes have been challenging and guidelines in this cohort are still evolving. SUMMARY WES has proven to be a disrupting technology, enabling genetic diagnosis for pregnancies complicated by previously unexplained foetal abnormalities, and revealing a significant contribution of single gene disorders in these, thereby changing clinical diagnostic paradigms. The application of this technology in perinatal cohorts is also providing interesting insights into single gene defects presenting as previously unknown genetic syndromes, hence contributing to expansion of Mendelian genetics to encompass various foetal phenotypes.
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8
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Kouter K, Paska AV. Biomarkers for suicidal behavior: miRNAs and their potential for diagnostics through liquid biopsy - a systematic review. Epigenomics 2020; 12:2219-2235. [PMID: 33350851 DOI: 10.2217/epi-2020-0196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Given that approximately 70% of miRNAs in the body are neuronal, we critically assessed current studies on miRNAs and suicidal behavior. Materials & Methods: To further define the role of miRNAs in suicide, we searched for studies on extracellular vesicles (exosomes) because miRNAs are particularly enriched in exosomes. miRNAs also have important physiological roles, and they can cross the blood-brain barrier and participate in cell-to-cell communication with both nearby and distant cells. Results & Conclusion: This critical assessment suggests that several miRNAs can be closely related to neurophysiology, suicidal behavior, and psychiatric disorders. However, clear overlap is poor due to either different methodologies applied or to molecular differences between suicidal behaviors and studied psychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarina Kouter
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Medical Centre for Molecular Biology, Vrazov trg 2, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Alja Videtič Paska
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Medical Centre for Molecular Biology, Vrazov trg 2, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
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9
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Lee HS, Jeong HR, Rho JG, Kum CD, Kim KH, Kim DW, Cheong JY, Jeong SY, Hwang JS. Identification of rare missense mutations in NOTCH2 and HERC2 associated with familial central precocious puberty via whole-exome sequencing. Gynecol Endocrinol 2020; 36:682-686. [PMID: 32400230 DOI: 10.1080/09513590.2020.1760241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Genetic factors play a critical role in pubertal progression; however, mutations associated with central precocious puberty (CPP) have been reported only in four genes: KISS1, KISS1R, DLK1, and MKRN3. This study aimed to identify novel, potentially pathogenic variants in patients with familial CPP via whole-exome sequencing (WES).Methods: WES analysis was applied in 28 patients (25 girls and three boys) belonging to 14 families, wherein all siblings were diagnosed with CPP. Data analysis aimed to select only very rare variants (minor allele frequency <1%). Nonsense, splice-site, and frameshift variants were considered the most ideal candidate variants. Additionally, non-synonymous missense variants predicted as being deleterious using in silico analysis tools were further considered.Results: The analysis of exome sequencing data resulted in the identification of rare mutations in two promising candidate genes (NOTCH2 and HERC2) in a family. Siblings with CPP exhibited two heterozygous missense mutations (p. Leu15Phe in NOTCH2 and p. Arg4081His in HERC2). Moreover, their parents without history of CPP had a missense variant in either NOTCH2 or HERC2.Conclusions: We identified new candidate genes with potential roles in pubertal development. Digenic inheritance of the two genetic mutations associated with the Notch signaling pathway may have a synergistic effect resulting in CPP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hae Sang Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwal Rim Jeong
- Department of Pediatrics, Soonchunhyang University Cheonan Hospital, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Jung Gi Rho
- Department of Pediatrics, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Dae Kum
- Department of Pediatrics, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Hee Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Do Wan Kim
- Ajou Translational Omics Center, Ajou University Medical Center, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Youn Cheong
- Ajou Translational Omics Center, Ajou University Medical Center, Suwon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Seon-Yong Jeong
- Department of Medical Genetics, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ajou University Graduate School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Soon Hwang
- Department of Pediatrics, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea
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10
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Shedding light on dark genes: enhanced targeted resequencing by optimizing the combination of enrichment technology and DNA fragment length. Sci Rep 2020; 10:9424. [PMID: 32523024 PMCID: PMC7287100 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-66331-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The exome contains many obscure regions difficult to explore with current short-read sequencing methods. Repetitious genomic regions prevent the unique alignment of reads, which is essential for the identification of clinically-relevant genetic variants. Long-read technologies attempt to resolve multiple-mapping regions, but they still produce many sequencing errors. Thus, a new approach is required to enlighten the obscure regions of the genome and rescue variants that would be otherwise neglected. This work aims to improve the alignment of multiple-mapping reads through the extension of the standard DNA fragment size. As Illumina can sequence fragments up to 550 bp, we tested different DNA fragment lengths using four major commercial WES platforms and found that longer DNA fragments achieved a higher genotypability. This metric, which indicates base calling calculated by combining depth of coverage with the confidence of read alignment, increased from hundreds to thousands of genes, including several associated with clinical phenotypes. While depth of coverage has been considered crucial for the assessment of WES performance, we demonstrated that genotypability has a greater impact in revealing obscure regions, with ~1% increase in variant calling in respect to shorter DNA fragments. Results confirmed that this approach enlightened many regions previously not explored.
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11
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Eragene S, Stewart JJ, Samuel-Constanzo JI, Tan T, Esgdaille NZ, Bigiarelli KJ, DaCosta VD, Jimenez H, King TR. The mouse curly whiskers ( cw) mutations are recessive alleles of hephaestin-like 1 ( Hephl1). Mol Genet Metab Rep 2019; 20:100478. [PMID: 31293895 PMCID: PMC6595121 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgmr.2019.100478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Revised: 05/13/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The spontaneous, curly whiskers mutation (abbreviated cw) generates kinky, brittle vibrissae in homozygous mice. Although cw has been mapped to the centromeric end of mouse Chromosome 9, no particular gene has been causally implicated, and this lack of genetic assignment has stymied cw's complete molecular and functional analysis. As a foundation for its positional cloning, we have fine-mapped cw to a small, 0.57 Mb interval that contains only three skin-expressed genes, including hephaestin-like 1 (Hephl1), which encodes a membrane-bound, multi-copper ferroxidase. Sequence analysis of all Hephl1 coding regions in cw/cw mutants revealed a single-base-pair substitution that alters Hephl1 mRNA splicing, and is specific to the cw allele, only. Sequence analysis of a second, independent, re-mutation to curly whiskers (that we verified by complementation testing with cw and have designated cw2J) revealed a distinct defect in Hephl1 (a frame-shifting, single-base-pair insertion) that is specific to cw2J. The results presented strongly suggest that defects in the Hephl1 gene are the molecular basis of the classical, curly-whiskers mutant phenotypes. Genetic mapping identifies a small number of candidates for the mouse cw mutation. Sequence analysis of one of these candidates, Hephl1, reveals a cw-specific defect. Analysis of skin mRNA indicates that the Hephl1cw transcript is aberrantly spliced. Complementation testing identifies a distinct re-mutation to curly whiskers, cw2J. Sequence analysis of Hephl1 reveals a cw2J-specific, frameshifting insertion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sidney Eragene
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Central Connecticut State University, 1615 Stanley Street, New Britain, CT 06053, USA
| | - Jachius J Stewart
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Central Connecticut State University, 1615 Stanley Street, New Britain, CT 06053, USA
| | - Juan I Samuel-Constanzo
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Central Connecticut State University, 1615 Stanley Street, New Britain, CT 06053, USA
| | - Taotao Tan
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Central Connecticut State University, 1615 Stanley Street, New Britain, CT 06053, USA
| | - Nia-Zaire Esgdaille
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Central Connecticut State University, 1615 Stanley Street, New Britain, CT 06053, USA
| | - Krista J Bigiarelli
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Central Connecticut State University, 1615 Stanley Street, New Britain, CT 06053, USA
| | - Vanele D DaCosta
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Central Connecticut State University, 1615 Stanley Street, New Britain, CT 06053, USA
| | - Henry Jimenez
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Central Connecticut State University, 1615 Stanley Street, New Britain, CT 06053, USA
| | - Thomas R King
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Central Connecticut State University, 1615 Stanley Street, New Britain, CT 06053, USA
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12
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Giannopoulou E, Katsila T, Mitropoulou C, Tsermpini EE, Patrinos GP. Integrating Next-Generation Sequencing in the Clinical Pharmacogenomics Workflow. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:384. [PMID: 31024324 PMCID: PMC6460422 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2019] [Accepted: 03/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Pharmacogenomics has been recognized as a fundamental tool in the era of personalized medicine with up to 266 drug labels, approved by major regulatory bodies, currently containing pharmacogenomics information. Next-generation sequencing analysis assumes a critical role in personalized medicine, providing a comprehensive profile of an individual's variome, particularly that of clinical relevance, comprising of pathogenic variants and pharmacogenomic biomarkers. Here, we propose a strategy to integrate next-generation sequencing into the current clinical pharmacogenomics workflow from deep resequencing to pharmacogenomics consultation, according to the existing guidelines and recommendations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Theodora Katsila
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | | | | | - George P Patrinos
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, University of Patras, Patras, Greece.,Department of Pathology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates.,Zayed Center of Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates
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13
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Brunet MA, Levesque SA, Hunting DJ, Cohen AA, Roucou X. Recognition of the polycistronic nature of human genes is critical to understanding the genotype-phenotype relationship. Genome Res 2018; 28:609-624. [PMID: 29626081 PMCID: PMC5932603 DOI: 10.1101/gr.230938.117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2017] [Accepted: 03/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Technological advances promise unprecedented opportunities for whole exome sequencing and proteomic analyses of populations. Currently, data from genome and exome sequencing or proteomic studies are searched against reference genome annotations. This provides the foundation for research and clinical screening for genetic causes of pathologies. However, current genome annotations substantially underestimate the proteomic information encoded within a gene. Numerous studies have now demonstrated the expression and function of alternative (mainly small, sometimes overlapping) ORFs within mature gene transcripts. This has important consequences for the correlation of phenotypes and genotypes. Most alternative ORFs are not yet annotated because of a lack of evidence, and this absence from databases precludes their detection by standard proteomic methods, such as mass spectrometry. Here, we demonstrate how current approaches tend to overlook alternative ORFs, hindering the discovery of new genetic drivers and fundamental research. We discuss available tools and techniques to improve identification of proteins from alternative ORFs and finally suggest a novel annotation system to permit a more complete representation of the transcriptomic and proteomic information contained within a gene. Given the crucial challenge of distinguishing functional ORFs from random ones, the suggested pipeline emphasizes both experimental data and conservation signatures. The addition of alternative ORFs in databases will render identification less serendipitous and advance the pace of research and genomic knowledge. This review highlights the urgent medical and research need to incorporate alternative ORFs in current genome annotations and thus permit their inclusion in hypotheses and models, which relate phenotypes and genotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie A Brunet
- Biochemistry Department, Université de Sherbrooke, Quebec J1E 4K8, Canada.,Groupe de recherche PRIMUS, Department of Family and Emergency Medicine, Quebec J1H 5N4, Canada.,PROTEO, Quebec Network for Research on Protein Function, Structure, and Engineering, Université Laval, Quebec G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Sébastien A Levesque
- Pediatric Department, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Sherbrooke, Quebec J1H 5N4, Canada
| | - Darel J Hunting
- Department of Nuclear Medicine & Radiobiology, Université de Sherbrooke, Quebec J1H 5N4, Canada
| | - Alan A Cohen
- Groupe de recherche PRIMUS, Department of Family and Emergency Medicine, Quebec J1H 5N4, Canada
| | - Xavier Roucou
- Biochemistry Department, Université de Sherbrooke, Quebec J1E 4K8, Canada.,PROTEO, Quebec Network for Research on Protein Function, Structure, and Engineering, Université Laval, Quebec G1V 0A6, Canada
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