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Long S, Yu S, Shi C, Ma J, Li Z, Cheng J, Ran Y, Han X, Li T. Diluted contrast media combined with high-resolution C-arm CT for evaluating apposition of flow diversions in a porcine model. Interv Neuroradiol 2024:15910199241261763. [PMID: 38881346 DOI: 10.1177/15910199241261763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In intracranial stenting, good stent apposition is crucial, and high-resolution C-arm computer tomography (CT) is utilized to assess whether stent apposition is complete. This study was aimed at finding optimal hypertonic or isotonic contrast media injection concentration for high-resolution C-arm CT to assess apposition of flow diversion (FD) after carotid artery stenting in swine. METHODS Twelve FD stents were implanted into the left carotid artery of Bama swine through the endovascular method. During high-resolution C-arm CT scanning, 6%, 8%, 10%, 12%, and 14% dilution percentages of hypertonic contrast media (iopromide 370 mg/ml) and 10%, 12%, 14%, 16%, and 18% dilution percentages of isotonic contrast media (iodixanol 320 mg/ml) were separately injected. A radiologist and a neuro-interventional specialist evaluated and qualitatively scored the post-processed images, and intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) was used to verify the accuracy of these images. RESULTS Overall, 12 FD stents were implanted into the left common carotid artery of 12 swine, with a technical success rate of 100%. The best reconstructed images used to observe stent apposition were achieved with iopromide diluted to a concentration of 12% (all P < .05) or iodixanol diluted to a concentration of 16% (all P < .05). Malapposition was noted in one case, and good apposition was noted in 11 cases. These results were consistent with IVUS observations. CONCLUSION Injecting iopromide or iodixanol diluted to 12% or 16% during high-resolution C-arm CT scanning, respectively, can help evaluate FD stent apposition and obtain optimal image quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuhai Long
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Sun Yu
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Chengcheng Shi
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ji Ma
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhen Li
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jingliang Cheng
- Department of Magnetic Resonance, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yuncai Ran
- Department of Magnetic Resonance, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xinwei Han
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Tengfei Li
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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Chung CY, Peterson RB, Howard BM, Zygmont ME. Imaging Intracranial Aneurysms in the Endovascular Era: Surveillance and Posttreatment Follow-up. Radiographics 2022; 42:789-805. [PMID: 35333634 DOI: 10.1148/rg.210131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
While most intracranial aneurysms (IAs) remain asymptomatic over a patient's lifetime, those that rupture can cause devastating outcomes. The increased usage and quality of neuroimaging has increased detection of unruptured IAs and driven an increase in surveillance and treatment of these lesions. Standard practice is to treat incidentally discovered unruptured IAs that confer high rupture risk as well as ruptured IAs to prevent rehemorrhage. IAs are increasingly treated with coil embolization instead of microsurgical clipping; more recently, flow diversion and intrasaccular flow disruption have further expanded the versatility and utility of endovascular IA treatment. Imaging is increasingly used for posttreatment IA follow-up in the endovascular era. While cerebral angiography remains the standard for IA characterization and treatment planning, advances in CT and CT angiography and MR angiography have improved the diagnostic accuracy of noninvasive imaging for initial diagnosis and surveillance. IA features including size, dome-to-neck ratio, location, and orientation allow rupture risk stratification and determination of optimal treatment strategy and timing. The radiologist should be familiar with the imaging appearance of common IA treatment devices and the expected imaging findings following treatment. In distinction to clipping and coil embolization, flow diversion and intrasaccular flow disruption induce progressive aneurysm obliteration over months to years. Careful assessment of the device; the treated IA; adjacent brain, bone, meninges; and involved extracranial and intracranial vasculature is crucial at posttreatment follow-up imaging to confirm aneurysm obliteration and identify short-term and long-term posttreatment complications. An invited commentary by Chatterjee is available online. Online supplemental material and the slide presentation from the RSNA Annual Meeting are available for this article. ©RSNA, 2022.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Y Chung
- From the Departments of Radiology and Imaging Sciences (C.Y.C., R.B.P., B.M.H., M.E.Z.) and Neurosurgery (B.M.H.), Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Ga
| | - Ryan B Peterson
- From the Departments of Radiology and Imaging Sciences (C.Y.C., R.B.P., B.M.H., M.E.Z.) and Neurosurgery (B.M.H.), Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Ga
| | - Brian M Howard
- From the Departments of Radiology and Imaging Sciences (C.Y.C., R.B.P., B.M.H., M.E.Z.) and Neurosurgery (B.M.H.), Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Ga
| | - Matthew E Zygmont
- From the Departments of Radiology and Imaging Sciences (C.Y.C., R.B.P., B.M.H., M.E.Z.) and Neurosurgery (B.M.H.), Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Ga
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Diana F, Raz E, Biraschi F, Romano DG, Toccaceli G, Shapiro M, Peschillo S. Cone-beam CT angiography to assess the microvascular anatomy of intracranial arterial dissections. Neuroradiol J 2021; 35:527-532. [PMID: 34590889 PMCID: PMC9437491 DOI: 10.1177/19714009211049089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intracranial artery dissection is a rare and generally under-recognized cause of ischaemic stroke or subarachnoid haemorrhage. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to analyse the efficacy of cone-beam computed tomography angiography (CBCT-A) to detect arterial ultrastructural alterations in intracranial artery dissection. METHOD This is an observational and retrospective case series. RESULTS Between January 2018 and November 2020, four patients were admitted with an acute ischaemic stroke due to intracranial dissection studied with CBCT-A. In all cases, the CBCT-A documented vascular ultrastructural alterations related with the intracranial dissection. CONCLUSIONS CBCT-A is an intraprocedural diagnostic technique that is useful for the diagnosis of intracranial dissections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Diana
- Neuroradiology Unit, AOU San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d'Aragona, University of Salerno, Italy
| | - Eytan Raz
- Department of Radiology, NYU Langone Health, USA
| | - Francesco Biraschi
- Department of Neurology and Psychiatry, Policlinico Umberto I, 'Sapienza' University of Rome, Italy
| | - Daniele G Romano
- Neuroradiology Unit, AOU San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d'Aragona, University of Salerno, Italy
| | - Giada Toccaceli
- Department of Emergency Neurosurgery, Ospedale Civile 'Santo Spirito' di Pescara, Italy
| | | | - Simone Peschillo
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Endovascular Neurosurgery, 9298University of Catania, 9298University of Catania, Policlinico San Marco University Hospital, Italy
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Dobrocky T, Lee H, Nicholson P, Agid R, Lynch J, Swaminathan SK, Krings T, Radovanovic I, Pereira VM. When Two Is Better than One : The Buddy-wire Technique in Flow-diversion Procedures. Clin Neuroradiol 2021; 32:491-498. [PMID: 34236441 PMCID: PMC9187555 DOI: 10.1007/s00062-021-01053-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Background Delivery of most flow diverters (FD) requires larger, and thus stiffer microcatheters (0.021–0.027in.) which can pose challenges to intracranial navigation. The concomitant use of two microwires within one microcatheter, also known as the buddy-wire technique, may be helpful for navigation and support in challenging situations. Methods We analyzed all flow diverter procedures in our prospectively collected database. We recorded all patient-related, anatomical and procedural information. We performed univariate statistics and technical descriptions. Results In total, 208 consecutive patients treated with a FD at our institution between July 2014 and August 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. In 17 patients the buddy-wire technique was used (mean age 63 years, range 31–87 years: 16 female). Aneurysms were located at the petrous, cavernous, supraophthalmic internal carotid artery, and a proximal M2 branch in 2, 7, 7 and 1 patient(s), respectively. In all cases a 0.027in. microcatheter was used for device deployment. In 14 patients with a wide-necked aneurysm the buddy-wire provided additional support to advance the microcatheter and mitigated the ledge between the aneurysm neck and the parent artery or a side branch. In two giant cavernous aneurysms treated with telescoping FDs, the buddy-wire was used to re-enter the proximal end of the foreshortened FD. Conclusion The buddy-wire is a useful technique in FD procedures to prevent herniation of the microcatheter into the aneurysm sack, in wide-necked aneurysms to mitigate the ledge effect between the aneurysm neck and the parent artery where the microcatheter tip may get stuck, or to enable re-entry into a foreshortened FD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomas Dobrocky
- Division of Neuroradiology, Joint Department of Medical Imaging, Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. .,University Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
| | - Hubert Lee
- Division of Neuroradiology, Joint Department of Medical Imaging, Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Patrick Nicholson
- Division of Neuroradiology, Joint Department of Medical Imaging, Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ronit Agid
- Division of Neuroradiology, Joint Department of Medical Imaging, Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jeremy Lynch
- Division of Neuroradiology, Joint Department of Medical Imaging, Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Saravana Kumar Swaminathan
- Division of Neuroradiology, Joint Department of Medical Imaging, Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Timo Krings
- Division of Neuroradiology, Joint Department of Medical Imaging, Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ivan Radovanovic
- Division of Neurosurgery, Toronto Western Hospital, 399 Bathurst Street, M5T 2S8, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Vitor Mendes Pereira
- Division of Neuroradiology, Joint Department of Medical Imaging, Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Division of Neurosurgery, Toronto Western Hospital, 399 Bathurst Street, M5T 2S8, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Visualization of flow diverter stent wall apposition during intracranial aneurysm treatment using a virtually diluted cone beam CT technique (Vessel ASSIST). Neuroradiology 2020; 63:125-131. [PMID: 32740710 DOI: 10.1007/s00234-020-02507-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Flow diverters (FD) have poor radiopacity, challenging visualization of deployment and vessel wall apposition with conventional neuroimaging modalities. We evaluated a novel cone beam computed tomography (CT) imaging technique that allows virtual dilution (VD) of contrast media to facilitate workflow and ensure accurate assessment of FD wall apposition. METHODS We retrospectively evaluated all patients treated for intracranial aneurysms with FD at our institution between November 2018 and November 2019. Undiluted injected dual cone beam CT acquisitions performed post-stenting were displayed with VD software (GE Healthcare). The resulting images were compared with conventional two-dimensional (2D) digital subtraction angiography (DSA) images. Two neurointerventionalists (Reader 1 and Reader 2, (R1, R2)) independently assessed FD deployment and wall apposition. Confidence in the diagnosis, inter-reader agreement, and X-ray exposure were assessed. RESULTS A total of 27 cases were reviewed. FD deployment and wall apposition scores were 4.2 ± 1.0 (R1) and 4.0 ± 1.1 (R2) for DSA and 3.7 ± 1.2 (R1) and 4.1 ± 1.0 (R2) for VD. Confidence in the diagnosis was improved with VD, with scores of 3.7 ± 0.7 (R1) and 4.0 ± 0.7 (R2) using DSA and 4.9 ± 0.2 (R1) and 4.9 ± 0.2 (R2) using VD (P < 0.001). Inter-reader agreement using 2D DSA was improved from moderate (0.49324) to good (0.7272) (P < 0.0001). There were no significant differences in inter-reader agreement in the deployment assessment (P = 0.68) or dose-area product (P = 0.54) between techniques. CONCLUSION VD imaging with dual cone beam CT enables accurate assessment of FD wall apposition after deployment with greater confidence and improved inter-reader agreement versus conventional 2D DSA alone, with comparable X-ray exposure.
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LoPresti MA, Treiber JM, Srinivasan VM, Chintalapani G, Chen SR, Burkhardt JK, Johnson JN, Lam S, Kan P. Utility of Immediate Postprocedural Cone Beam Computed Tomography Scan in the Detection of Ischemic and Hemorrhagic Complications in Pediatric Neurointerventional Surgery. World Neurosurg 2019; 135:e405-e409. [PMID: 31821910 DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2019.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2019] [Revised: 11/30/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) imaging is used commonly in neurointerventional surgery for rapid intraprocedural assessment and planning of intracranial interventions. Our goal was to evaluate the ability of immediate postprocedural CBCT scan in assessing potential complications in pediatric patients. METHODS A retrospective review was completed to include all pediatric patients at our hospital with an immediate postprocedural CBCT scan with the Artis Q system. Demographic, clinical, and imaging data were examined. CBCT images were reviewed by 3 independent neurointerventionalists to assess ventricular system/subarachnoid spaces, gray-white differentiation, and ischemia or hemorrhage if present. Each assessment was rated qualitatively on a 4-point scale and was compared with conventional computed tomography (cCT) scan when available. Interrater reliability was assessed and radiation dose data were reviewed. RESULTS Thirty-five patients were included with an average age of 11.0 ± 5.1 years (median, 10.9; range, 1.1-18 years). Of the patients, 54.3% were boys; 34.3% were Hispanic and 34.3% were non-Hispanic white. Diagnoses included a variety of vascular pathologies. CBCT scan had a mean score of 2.69 ± 0.54 out of 3 for ventricular and subarachnoid space assessment with a combined interrater reliability of 0.82, 1.71 ± 1.38 for hemorrhage with a combined interrater reliability of 1.00, and 0.52 ± 0.60 for gray-white differentiation with a combined interrater reliability of 0.79. CONCLUSIONS Immediate postprocedural CBCT images were adequate to detect ventricular size/subarachnoid spaces changes and large volume hemorrhage compared with cCT scan in pediatric patients. However, there are limitations using immediate CBCT images to detect small volume hemorrhage and ischemic changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa A LoPresti
- Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA; Division of Neurosurgery, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Jeffrey M Treiber
- Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA; Division of Neurosurgery, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Visish M Srinivasan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA; Division of Neurosurgery, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Gouthami Chintalapani
- Division of Imaging and Therapy Systems, Siemens Medical Solutions USA, Inc., Malvern, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Stephen R Chen
- Division of Radiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Jan-Karl Burkhardt
- Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA; Division of Neurosurgery, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Jeremiah N Johnson
- Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA; Division of Neurosurgery, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Sandi Lam
- Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA; Division of Neurosurgery, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Peter Kan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA; Division of Neurosurgery, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA.
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