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Pocino K, Carnazzo V, Stefanile A, Basile V, Guerriero C, Marino M, Rigante D, Basile U. Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha: Ally and Enemy in Protean Cutaneous Sceneries. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7762. [PMID: 39063004 PMCID: PMC11276697 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25147762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2024] [Revised: 07/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Skin is the forestage for a series of many-sided functions of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), a proinflammatory cytokine with staggering versatility and sizable implications for tissue homeostasis, immune responses, angiogenesis, apoptosis, local and systemic inflammation. An aberrant TNF-α-mediated crosstalk has been linked to the pathogenesis of acute and chronic skin inflammatory diseases, and indeed, TNF-α dysregulation can contribute to the development and progression of psoriasis, vitiligo, local damage following exposition to ultraviolet light radiations, cutaneous lupus erythematosus, and acne vulgaris. Therapies that target TNF-α are conspicuously used in the treatment of different skin disorders, aiming to modulate the in vivo immune functions triggered by many cutaneous cells, including keratinocytes, mast cells, or Langerhans cells, and reduce inflammation taking place within the skin. Herein, we focus on the key relationships between TNF-α and distinct skin non-neoplastic inflammatory or physiologic conditions, showing that a natural induction of TNF-α may have a protective significance but that TNF-α overproduction may be harmful or even lethal. Many questions remain unraveled in the therapeutic practice, and caution should be exercised due to eventual backlashes exerted by TNF-α in maintaining skin health or in provoking skin disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krizia Pocino
- Unità Operativa Complessa di Patologia Clinica, Ospedale San Pietro Fatebenefratelli, 00189 Rome, Italy; (K.P.); (A.S.)
| | - Valeria Carnazzo
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Santa Maria Goretti Hospital, 04100 Latina, Italy; (V.C.); (U.B.)
| | - Annunziata Stefanile
- Unità Operativa Complessa di Patologia Clinica, Ospedale San Pietro Fatebenefratelli, 00189 Rome, Italy; (K.P.); (A.S.)
| | - Valerio Basile
- Clinical Pathology Unit and Cancer Biobank, Department of Research and Advanced Technologies, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute IRCCS, 00144 Rome, Italy;
| | - Cristina Guerriero
- Department of Dermatology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy;
| | - Mariapaola Marino
- Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia Traslazionale, Università Cattolica Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy;
| | - Donato Rigante
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy;
- Department of Life Sciences and Public Health, Università Cattolica Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Umberto Basile
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Santa Maria Goretti Hospital, 04100 Latina, Italy; (V.C.); (U.B.)
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Harp T, Woodbury MJ, Merola JF. Discoid lupus erythematosus of the nail treated with thalidomide. JAAD Case Rep 2023; 40:106-108. [PMID: 37771355 PMCID: PMC10523421 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdcr.2023.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/30/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Taylor Harp
- Departments of Dermatology and Internal Medicine, Georgetown University-Medstar Washington Hospital Center, Washington, DC
| | | | - Joseph F. Merola
- Department of Dermatology and Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
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Dsouza NN, Alampady V, Baby K, Maity S, Byregowda BH, Nayak Y. Thalidomide interaction with inflammation in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Inflammopharmacology 2023; 31:1167-1182. [PMID: 36966238 PMCID: PMC10039777 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-023-01193-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2023] [Indexed: 03/27/2023]
Abstract
The "Thalidomide tragedy" is a landmark in the history of the pharmaceutical industry. Despite limited clinical trials, there is a continuous effort to investigate thalidomide as a drug for cancer and inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, lepromatous leprosy, and COVID-19. This review focuses on the possibilities of targeting inflammation by repurposing thalidomide for the treatment of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). Articles were searched from the Scopus database, sorted, and selected articles were reviewed. The content includes the proven mechanisms of action of thalidomide relevant to IPF. Inflammation, oxidative stress, and epigenetic mechanisms are major pathogenic factors in IPF. Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) is the major biomarker of IPF. Thalidomide is an effective anti-inflammatory drug in inhibiting TGF-β, interleukins (IL-6 and IL-1β), and tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). Thalidomide binds cereblon, a process that is involved in the proposed mechanism in specific cancers such as breast cancer, colon cancer, multiple myeloma, and lung cancer. Cereblon is involved in activating AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)-TGF-β/Smad signalling, thereby attenuating fibrosis. The past few years have witnessed an improvement in the identification of biomarkers and diagnostic technologies in respiratory diseases, partly because of the COVID-19 pandemic. Hence, investment in clinical trials with a systematic plan can help repurpose thalidomide for pulmonary fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikitha Naomi Dsouza
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Varun Alampady
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Krishnaprasad Baby
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Swastika Maity
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Bharath Harohalli Byregowda
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Yogendra Nayak
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India.
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Eatmann AI, Hamouda E, Hamouda H, Farouk HK, Jobran AWM, Omar AA, Madeeh AK, Al-Dardery NM, Elnoamany S, Abd-Elnasser EG, Koraiem AM, Ahmed AA, Abouzid M, Karaźniewicz-Łada M. Potential Use of Thalidomide in Glioblastoma Treatment: An Updated Brief Overview. Metabolites 2023; 13:metabo13040543. [PMID: 37110201 PMCID: PMC10146416 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13040543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma is the most common malignant primary brain tumor in adults. Thalidomide is a vascular endothelial growth factor inhibitor that demonstrates antiangiogenic activity, and may provide additive or synergistic anti-tumor effects when co-administered with other antiangiogenic medications. This study is a comprehensive review that highlights the potential benefits of using thalidomide, in combination with other medications, to treat glioblastoma and its associated inflammatory conditions. Additionally, the review examines the mechanism of action of thalidomide in different types of tumors, which may be beneficial in treating glioblastoma. To our knowledge, a similar study has not been conducted. We found that thalidomide, when used in combination with other medications, has been shown to produce better outcomes in several conditions or symptoms, such as myelodysplastic syndromes, multiple myeloma, Crohn's disease, colorectal cancer, renal failure carcinoma, breast cancer, glioblastoma, and hepatocellular carcinoma. However, challenges may persist for newly diagnosed or previously treated patients, with moderate side effects being reported, particularly with the various mechanisms of action observed for thalidomide. Therefore, thalidomide, used alone, may not receive significant attention for use in treating glioblastoma in the future. Conducting further research by replicating current studies that show improved outcomes when thalidomide is combined with other medications, using larger sample sizes, different demographic groups and ethnicities, and implementing enhanced therapeutic protocol management, may benefit these patients. A meta-analysis of the combinations of thalidomide with other medications in treating glioblastoma is also needed to investigate its potential benefits further.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Ismail Eatmann
- Department of Cell Biophysics, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University in Kraków, 31-007 Kraków, Poland
| | - Esraa Hamouda
- Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Menoufia P.O. Box 5744, Egypt
| | - Heba Hamouda
- Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Menoufia P.O. Box 5744, Egypt
| | | | - Afnan W M Jobran
- Faculty of Medicine, Al Quds University, Jerusalem P.O. Box 51000, Palestine
| | - Abdallah A Omar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Services and Sciences, Children's Cancer Hospital Egypt (CCHE-57357), Cairo 11617, Egypt
| | | | | | - Salma Elnoamany
- Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Menoufia P.O. Box 5744, Egypt
| | | | | | - Alhassan Ali Ahmed
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-812 Poznan, Poland
- Doctoral School, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-812 Poznan, Poland
| | - Mohamed Abouzid
- Doctoral School, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-812 Poznan, Poland
- Department of Physical Pharmacy and Pharmacokinetics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Rokietnicka 3 St., 60-806 Poznan, Poland
| | - Marta Karaźniewicz-Łada
- Department of Physical Pharmacy and Pharmacokinetics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Rokietnicka 3 St., 60-806 Poznan, Poland
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Verdelli A, Corrà A, Mariotti EB, Aimo C, Ruffo di Calabria V, Volpi W, Quintarelli L, Caproni M. An update on the management of refractory cutaneous lupus erythematosus. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:941003. [PMID: 36213629 PMCID: PMC9537468 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.941003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Management of cutaneous lupus erythematosus (CLE) involves a combination of preventive measures, topical and systemic drugs, fairly similar for the different subtypes. Although guidelines exist, to date, no specific drugs have been specifically licensed for CLE. Antimalarials remain the first-line systemic treatment, but many patients do not respond, making refractory lupus a challenge for clinicians. The choice of alternative medication should be based on effectiveness, safety and cost. Most of the available drugs for CLE have been adapted from systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) treatment but the existing literature is limited to small studies and evidence often lacks. As knowledge of pathogenesis of both CLE and SLE is improving, promising new therapies are emerging. In this review, we discuss the available medications, focusing on the novelties under development for CLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Verdelli
- Section of Dermatology, Azienda USL Toscana Centro, Florence, Italy
| | - Alberto Corrà
- Section of Dermatology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | | | - Cristina Aimo
- Section of Dermatology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | | | - Walter Volpi
- Section of Dermatology, Azienda USL Toscana Centro, Florence, Italy
| | - Lavinia Quintarelli
- Rare Dermatological Diseases Unit, Department of Health Sciences, Azienda USL Toscana Centro, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Marzia Caproni
- Rare Dermatological Diseases Unit, Department of Health Sciences, Azienda USL Toscana Centro, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
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6
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Soto JA, Melo-González F, Riedel CA, Bueno SM, Kalergis AM. Modulation of Immune Cells as a Therapy for Cutaneous Lupus Erythematosus. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:10706. [PMID: 36142624 PMCID: PMC9504747 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231810706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Revised: 09/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cutaneous lupus erythematosus (CLE) is an autoimmune disorder like systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Both SLE and CLE characterize autoantibody secretion and immune cell recruitment. In particular, CLE can be divided into three more frequent types, varying in the severity of the skin lesions they present. The role of type I IFN was shown to be one of the leading causes of the development of this pathology in the skin. Different treatments have been developed and tested against these different variants of CLE to decrease the increasing levels of CLE in humans. In this article, a literature revision discussing the similarities between SLE and CLE is carried out. In addition, new advances in understanding the development of CLE and the leading treatments being evaluated in animal models and clinical trials are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge A. Soto
- Millennium Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8331150, Chile
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andrés Bello, Santiago 8370146, Chile
| | - Felipe Melo-González
- Millennium Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8331150, Chile
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andrés Bello, Santiago 8370146, Chile
| | - Claudia A. Riedel
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andrés Bello, Santiago 8370146, Chile
| | - Susan M. Bueno
- Millennium Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8331150, Chile
| | - Alexis M. Kalergis
- Millennium Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8331150, Chile
- Departamento de Endocrinología, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8330023, Chile
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7
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Wang R, Zhang X, Wang S. Differential genotypes of TNF-α and IL-10 for immunological diagnosis in discoid lupus erythematosus and oral lichen planus: A narrative review. Front Immunol 2022; 13:967281. [PMID: 35990645 PMCID: PMC9389012 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.967281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Discoid lupus erythematosus and oral lichen planus are chronic systemic immune system-mediated diseases with unclear etiology and pathogenesis. The oral mucosa is the common primary site of pathogenesis in both, whereby innate and adaptive immunity and inflammation play crucial roles. The clinical manifestations of discoid lupus erythematosus on the oral mucosa are very similar to those of oral lichen planus; therefore, its oral lesion is classified under oral lichenoid lesions. In practice, the differential diagnosis of discoid lupus erythematosus and oral lichen planus has always relied on the clinical manifestations, with histopathological examination as an auxiliary diagnostic tool. However, the close resemblance of the clinical manifestations and histopathology proves challenging for accurate differential diagnosis and further treatment. In most cases, dentists and pathologists fail to distinguish between the conditions during the early stages of the lesions. It should be noted that both are considered to be precancerous conditions, highlighting the significance of early diagnosis and treatment. In the context of unknown etiology and pathogenesis, we suggest a serological and genetic diagnostic method based on TNF-α and IL-10. These are the two most common cytokines produced by the innate and adaptive immune systems and they play a fundamental role in maintaining immune homeostasis and modulating inflammation. The prominent variability in their expression levels and gene polymorphism typing in different lesions compensates for the low specificity of current conventional diagnostic protocols. This new diagnostic scheme, starting from the immunity and inflammation of the oral mucosa, enables simultaneous comparison of discoid lupus erythematosus and oral lichen planus. With relevant supportive evidence, this information can enhance physicians’ understanding of the two diseases, contribute to precision medicine, and aid in prevention of precancerous conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruochong Wang
- Emergency Department, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Center of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xuefeng Zhang
- Emergency Department, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Center of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Siyu Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Institute of Dermatology and Venereology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Siyu Wang,
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Barbarossa A, Iacopetta D, Sinicropi MS, Franchini C, Carocci A. Recent Advances in the Development of Thalidomide-Related Compounds as Anticancer Drugs. Curr Med Chem 2021; 29:19-40. [PMID: 34165402 DOI: 10.2174/0929867328666210623143526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 05/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Thalidomide is an old well-known drug that was first used as morning sickness relief in pregnant women before being withdrawn from the market due to its severe side effects on normal fetal development, However, over the last few decades, the interest in this old drug has been renewed because of its efficacy in several important disorders for instance, multiple myeloma, breast cancer, and HIV-related diseases due to its antiangiogenic and immunomodulatory properties. Unfortunately, even in these cases, many aftereffects as deep vein thrombosis, peripheral neuropathy, constipation, somnolence, pyrexia, pain, and teratogenicity have been reported, showing the requirement of careful and monitored use. For this reason, research efforts are geared toward the synthesis and optimization of new thalidomide analogues lacking in toxic effects to erase these limits and improve the pharmacological profile. AIMS This review aims to examine the state-of-the-art concerning the current studies on thalidomide and its analogues towards cancer diseases (with few hints regarding the antimicrobial activity), focusing the attention on the possible mechanisms of action involved and the lack of toxicity. CONCLUSION In the light of the collected data, thalidomide analogues and their ongoing optimization could lead, in the future, to the realization of a promising therapeutic alternative for cancer-fighting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexia Barbarossa
- Department of Pharmacy-Drug Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Domenico Iacopetta
- Department of Pharmacy, Health, and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, Italy
| | - Maria Stefania Sinicropi
- Department of Pharmacy, Health, and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, Italy
| | - Carlo Franchini
- Department of Pharmacy-Drug Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Alessia Carocci
- Department of Pharmacy-Drug Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70126 Bari, Italy
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Tamalunas A, Sauckel C, Ciotkowska A, Rutz B, Wang R, Huang R, Li B, Stief CG, Gratzke C, Hennenberg M. Inhibition of human prostate stromal cell growth and smooth muscle contraction by thalidomide: A novel remedy in LUTS? Prostate 2021; 81:377-389. [PMID: 33687083 DOI: 10.1002/pros.24114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Medical treatment in benign prostatic hyperplasia targets prostate size to prevent disease progression, complications, and surgery, and prostate smooth muscle tone for rapid relief of lower urinary tract symptoms. Combination therapies are still required to target both at once. However, current medications are insufficient, due to an unfavorable balance between side effects and efficacy. The limited efficacy of α1 -blockers may be due to nonadrenergic mediators like endothelin-1 and thromboxane A2 (TXA2 ), which keep up prostate smooth muscle contraction even in the presence of α1 -blockers. Consequently, future options with higher efficacy need to target α1 -adrenergic and nonadrenergic contractions as well as stromal cell growth at once. Thalidomide has been approved as an oral medication for various diseases, including the treatment of prostate cancer. Therefore, we investigated the effect of thalidomide on cellular functions of prostate stromal cells and human prostate smooth muscle contraction. METHODS Cytoskeletal organization was visualized by phalloidin staining, cell growth was assessed by 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine assay, cell viability by cell counting kit-8, and apoptosis and cell death by flow cytometry in cultured prostate stromal cells (WPMY-1). Contractions of human prostate tissues from radical prostatectomy were studied in an organ bath, where they were induced by the α1 -adrenoceptor agonists methoxamine, noradrenaline, phenylephrine, and the nonadrenergic agonists endothelin-1, TXA2 analog U46619, or electric field stimulation (EFS). RESULTS Thalidomide significantly reduced the proliferation of WPMY-1 cells, which was time- and concentration-dependent (10-300 µM). In parallel, organization of actin filaments collapsed after treatment with thalidomide. Thalidomide (30-100 µM) inhibited noradrenaline-, phenylephrine-, and methoxamine-induced contractions, as well as nonadrenergic contractions induced by endothelin-1 and U46619, and neurogenic contractions induced by EFS. No reduction in viability and no increases in apoptosis or in cell death were observed in WPMY-1 cells. CONCLUSIONS Thalidomide impairs the growth of human prostate stromal cells, without showing a decrease in cell viability. In parallel, thalidomide inhibits adrenergic, neurogenic, and nonadrenergic contractions. This may be explained by a breakdown of the actin cytoskeleton. In vivo, urodynamic effects of thalidomide appear possible and may even exceed those of α1 -blockers or combination therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Cora Sauckel
- Department of Urology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Anna Ciotkowska
- Department of Urology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Beata Rutz
- Department of Urology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Ruixiao Wang
- Department of Urology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Ru Huang
- Department of Urology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Bingsheng Li
- Department of Urology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Christian G Stief
- Department of Urology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Martin Hennenberg
- Department of Urology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
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Dong Q, Chen K, Xie J, Han H, Feng Y, Lu J, Wang W. Identification of key genes and pathways in discoid lupus skin via bioinformatics analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2021; 100:e25433. [PMID: 33879674 PMCID: PMC8078291 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000025433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2020] [Revised: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Discoid lupus erythematosus (DLE) is the most common skin manifestation of lupus; however, the molecular mechanisms underlying DLE remain unknown. Therefore, we aimed to identify key differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in discoid lupus skin and investigate their potential pathways.To identify candidate genes involved in the occurrence and development of the disease, we downloaded the microarray datasets GSE52471 and GSE72535 from the Gene Expression Database (GEO). DEGs between discoid lupus skin and normal controls were selected using the GEO2R tool and Venn diagram software (http://bioinformatics.psb.ugent.be/webtools/Venn/). The Database for Annotation, Visualization, and Integrated Discovery (DAVID), Enrichr, and Cytoscape ClueGo were used to analyze the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Gene and Genome pathways and gene ontology. Protein-protein interactions (PPIs) of these DEGs were further assessed using the Search Tool for the Retrieval Interacting Genes version 10.0.Seventy three DEGs were co-expressed in both datasets. DEGs were predominantly upregulated in receptor signaling pathways of the immune response. In the PPI network, 69 upregulated genes were selected. Furthermore, 4 genes (CXCL10, ISG15, IFIH1, and IRF7) were found to be significantly upregulated in the RIG-I-like receptor signaling pathway, from analysis of Enrichr and Cytoscape ClueGo.The results of this study may provide new insights into the potential molecular mechanisms of DLE. However, further experimentation is required to confirm these findings.
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Tirado-Sánchez A, Aguilar-Mena C, Rodriguez-Mendoza A, Hernández-Salgado Y, Bonifaz A. Clinical-therapeutic study on the efficacy and safety of thalidomide in the management of discoid lupus erythematosus. A single-centre, retrospective study. Australas J Dermatol 2021; 62:375-379. [PMID: 33729544 DOI: 10.1111/ajd.13571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Thalidomide is a second-line treatment for discoid lupus erythematosus (DLE). The efficacy of this treatment, the minimum effective doses, and safety is poorly documented in the literature. The aim of the study was to determine the efficacy and tolerance of thalidomide as first or second line of therapy for discoid lupus erythematosus. We present a retrospective single-centre study of 68 patients with DLE treated with thalidomide from 2003 to 2019. The inclusion criteria were the presence of clinical lesions suggestive of DLE, confirmed by histological examination and direct immunofluorescence. The mean age at diagnosis was 37.45 years (range 18-65 years). Thalidomide was started an average of 2.25 years after the diagnosis of DLE, as second-line therapy in 85% of the cases (58 patients), and as first-line therapy in 10 patients (15%). Fifty-six patients improved with thalidomide (82%), 39 cases achieved complete remission and 17 partial remissions. The mean duration of follow-up with thalidomide was 8.4 months (range 3-25 months). Five patients discontinued thalidomide due to adverse events. The most frequent side effect was headache (23.5%). Thalidomide is effective and safe in DLE patients as first or second-line treatment with a good safety profile.
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