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Sun X, Sun B, Sammani S, Dudek SM, Belvitch P, Camp SM, Zhang D, Bime C, Garcia JGN. Genetic and epigenetic regulation of cortactin (CTTN) by inflammatory factors and mechanical stress in human lung endothelial cells. Biosci Rep 2024; 44:BSR20231934. [PMID: 39162263 PMCID: PMC11405783 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20231934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2024] [Accepted: 08/20/2024] [Indexed: 08/21/2024] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE Cortactin, an actin-binding cytoskeletal protein, plays a crucial role in maintaining endothelial cell (EC) barrier integrity and regulating vascular permeability. The gene encoding cortactin, CTTN, is implicated in various lung inflammatory disorders. Despite this, the transcriptional regulation of CTTN by inflammatory stimuli and promoter SNPs remains unexplored. METHODS We transfected human lung ECs with a full-length CTTN promoters linked to a luciferase reporter to measure promoter activity. SNP-containing CTTN promoter was created via site-directed mutagenesis. Transfected ECs were exposed to LPS (PAMP), TNF-α (cytokine), cyclic stretch (CS), FG-4592 (HIF-inducer), NRF2 (anti-oxidant modulator), FTY-(S)-phosphate (endothelial barrier enhancer), and 5'-Aza (demethylation inducer). Immunohistochemistry was used to assess cortactin expression in mouse lungs exposed to LPS. RESULTS LPS, TNF-α, and 18%CS significantly increased CTTN promoter activities in a time-dependent manner (P<0.05). The variant rs34612166 (-212T/C) markedly enhanced LPS- and 18%CS- induced CTTN promoter activities (P<0.05). FG-4592 significantly boosted CTTN promoter activities (P<0.01), which were partially inhibited by HIF1α (KC7F2) and HIF2α (PT2385) inhibitors (P<0.05). NRF2 activator Bixin increased CTTN promoter activities, whereas NRF2 inhibitor Brusatol reduced them (P<0.05). 5'-Aza increased CTTN promoter activities by 2.9-fold (P<0.05). NF-κB response element mutations significantly reduced CTTN promoter activities response to LPS and TNFα. FTY-(S)-phosphate significantly increased CTTN promoter activities in 24 h. In vivo, cortactin levels were significantly elevated in inflammatory mouse lungs exposed to LPS for 18 h. CONCLUSION CTTN transcriptional is significantly influenced by inflammatory factors and promoter variants. Cortactin, essential in mitigating inflammatory edema, presents a promising therapeutic target to alleviate severe inflammatory disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoguang Sun
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, U.S.A
| | - Belinda Sun
- Department of Pathology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, U.S.A
| | - Saad Sammani
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, U.S.A
| | - Steven M Dudek
- Department of Medicine, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago IL, U.S.A
| | - Patrick Belvitch
- Department of Medicine, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago IL, U.S.A
| | - Sara M Camp
- University of Florida, UF Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL, U.S.A
| | - Donna Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, U.S.A
| | - Christian Bime
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, U.S.A
| | - Joe G N Garcia
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, U.S.A
- University of Florida, UF Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL, U.S.A
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Bandela M, Belvitch P, Garcia JGN, Dudek SM. Cortactin in Lung Cell Function and Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:4606. [PMID: 35562995 PMCID: PMC9101201 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23094606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Cortactin (CTTN) is an actin-binding and cytoskeletal protein that is found in abundance in the cell cortex and other peripheral structures of most cell types. It was initially described as a target for Src-mediated phosphorylation at several tyrosine sites within CTTN, and post-translational modifications at these tyrosine sites are a primary regulator of its function. CTTN participates in multiple cellular functions that require cytoskeletal rearrangement, including lamellipodia formation, cell migration, invasion, and various other processes dependent upon the cell type involved. The role of CTTN in vascular endothelial cells is particularly important for promoting barrier integrity and inhibiting vascular permeability and tissue edema. To mediate its functional effects, CTTN undergoes multiple post-translational modifications and interacts with numerous other proteins to alter cytoskeletal structures and signaling mechanisms. In the present review, we briefly describe CTTN structure, post-translational modifications, and protein binding partners and then focus on its role in regulating cellular processes and well-established functional mechanisms, primarily in vascular endothelial cells and disease models. We then provide insights into how CTTN function affects the pathophysiology of multiple lung disorders, including acute lung injury syndromes, COPD, and asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mounica Bandela
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, USA;
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep and Allergy, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA;
| | - Patrick Belvitch
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep and Allergy, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA;
| | - Joe G. N. Garcia
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA;
| | - Steven M. Dudek
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep and Allergy, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA;
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Zhu G, Lin Y, Ge T, Singh S, Liu H, Fan L, Wang S, Rhen J, Jiang D, Lyu Y, Yin Y, Li X, Benoit DSW, Li W, Xu Y, Pang J. A novel peptide inhibitor of Dll4-Notch1 signalling and its pro-angiogenic functions. Br J Pharmacol 2022; 179:1716-1731. [PMID: 34796471 PMCID: PMC9040338 DOI: 10.1111/bph.15743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 10/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The Dll4-Notch1 signalling pathway plays an important role in sprouting angiogenesis, vascular remodelling and arterial or venous specificity. Genetic or pharmacological inhibition of Dll4-Notch1 signalling leads to excessive sprouting angiogenesis. However, transcriptional inhibitors of Dll4-Notch1 signalling have not been described. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH We designed a new peptide targeting Notch signalling, referred to as TAT-ANK, and assessed its effects on angiogenesis. In vitro, tube formation and fibrin gel bead assay were carried out, using human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). In vivo, Matrigel plug angiogenesis assay, a developmental retinal model and tumour models in mice were used. The mechanisms underlying TAT-ANK activity were investigated by immunochemistry, western blotting, immunoprecipitation, RT-qPCR and luciferase reporter assays. KEY RESULTS The amino acid residues 179-191 in the G-protein-coupled receptor-kinase-interacting protein-1 (GIT1-ankyrin domain) are crucial for GIT1 binding to the Notch transcription repressor, RBP-J. We designed the peptide TAT-ANK, based on residues 179-191 in GIT1. TAT-ANK significantly inhibited Dll4 expression and Notch 1 activation in HUVECs by competing with activated Notch1 to bind to RBP-J. The analyses of biological functions showed that TAT-ANK promoted angiogenesis in vitro and in vivo by inhibiting Dll4-Notch1 signalling. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS We synthesized and investigated the biological actions of TAT-ANK peptide, a new inhibitor of Notch signalling. This peptide will be of significant interest to research on Dll4-Notch1 signalling and to clinicians carrying out clinical trials using Notch signalling inhibitors. Furthermore, our findings will have important conceptual and therapeutic implications for angiogenesis-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guofu Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, Pan-Vascular Research Institute of Tongji University, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Lin
- Department of Cardiology, Pan-Vascular Research Institute of Tongji University, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Tandi Ge
- Department of Cardiology, Pan-Vascular Research Institute of Tongji University, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shekhar Singh
- Department of Cardiology, Pan-Vascular Research Institute of Tongji University, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hao Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Pan-Vascular Research Institute of Tongji University, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Linlin Fan
- Department of Cardiology, Pan-Vascular Research Institute of Tongji University, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shumin Wang
- Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute and Department of Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Jordan Rhen
- Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute and Department of Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Dongyang Jiang
- Department of Cardiology, Pan-Vascular Research Institute of Tongji University, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuyan Lyu
- Department of Cardiology, Pan-Vascular Research Institute of Tongji University, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yiheng Yin
- Department of Cardiology, Pan-Vascular Research Institute of Tongji University, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiankai Li
- Department of Cardiology, Pan-Vascular Research Institute of Tongji University, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Danielle S. W. Benoit
- Departments of Biomedical Engineering and Chemical Engineering, Materials Science Program, and Centers for Musculoskeletal Research and Oral Biology, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Weiming Li
- Department of Cardiology, Pan-Vascular Research Institute of Tongji University, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yawei Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Pan-Vascular Research Institute of Tongji University, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinjiang Pang
- Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute and Department of Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York, USA
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Ramella M, Ribolla LM, de Curtis I. Liquid-Liquid Phase Separation at the Plasma Membrane-Cytosol Interface: Common Players in Adhesion, Motility, and Synaptic Function. J Mol Biol 2021; 434:167228. [PMID: 34487789 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2021.167228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Networks of scaffold proteins and enzymes assemble at the interface between the cytosol and specific sites of the plasma membrane, where these networks guide distinct cellular functions. Some of these plasma membrane-associated platforms (PMAPs) include shared core components that are able to establish specific protein-protein interactions, to produce distinct supramolecular assemblies regulating dynamic processes as diverse as cell adhesion and motility, or the formation and function of neuronal synapses. How cells organize such dynamic networks is still an open question. In this review we introduce molecular networks assembling at the edge of migrating cells, and at pre- and postsynaptic sites, which share molecular players that can drive the assembly of biomolecular condensates. Very recent experimental evidence has highlighted the emerging role of some of these multidomain/scaffold proteins belonging to the GIT, liprin-α and ELKS/ERC families as drivers of liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS). The data point to an important role of LLPS: (i) in the formation of PMAPs at the edge of migrating cells, where LLPS appears to be involved in promoting protrusion and the turnover of integrin-mediated adhesions, to allow forward cell translocation; (ii) in the assembly of the presynaptic active zone and of the postsynaptic density deputed to the release and reception of neurotransmitter signals, respectively. The recent results indicate that LLPS at cytosol-membrane interfaces is suitable not only for the regulation of active cellular processes, but also for the continuous spatial rearrangements of the molecular interactions involved in these dynamic processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Ramella
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University and San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina, 58, 20132 Milano, Italy.
| | - Lucrezia Maria Ribolla
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University and San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina, 58, 20132 Milano, Italy.
| | - Ivan de Curtis
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University and San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina, 58, 20132 Milano, Italy.
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Wang G, Bai X, Jiang G, Jin S, Wang Q, Wang A, Peng R, Ke A, Bai D. GIT1 overexpression promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition and predicts poor prognosis in hepatocellular carcinoma. Bioengineered 2020; 12:30-43. [PMID: 33258389 PMCID: PMC8806235 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2020.1855914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Globally, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common causes of cancer-associated mortalities. It has a high rate of metastasis and recurrence, which predict a poor prognosis. G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR)-kinase interacting protein-1 (GIT1) is a multifunctional scaffold protein that mediates the progression of various tumors. Studies have correlated GIT1 with HCC, however, these correlations have not been fully elucidated. Therefore, we aimed at evaluating the expression of GIT1 in HCC tissues and cells, and to investigate its role and potential mechanisms in HCC progression. The expression levels of GIT1 in HCC tissues and other cancers was determined by using the Oncomine and TCGA databases. Functional analysis of GIT1 in HCC was evaluated through in vitro and in vivo experiments, whereby, HCC cells were transfected with synthetically overexpressed and short hairpin RNA (shRNA) lentivirus-mediated plasmids. Kaplan–Meier and Cox regression methods were used to establish the associations between GIT1 and clinical outcomes of 158 HCC patients. GIT1 was found to be elevated in HCC tissues where it promoted the invasion, migration, and proliferation of HCC cells. Moreover, the overexpression of GIT1 prompted epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) by activating extracellular regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) pathway, which was shown to be reversed by SCH772984, a specific ERK1/2 inhibitor. GIT1 was also found to be associated with malignant features of HCC, leading to a poorer prognosis. In conclusion, GIT1 promotes HCC progression by inducing EMT and may reflect the course of HCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guifu Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University , Yangzhou, Jiangsu, P.R. China.,The First Clinical Medical College, Dalian Medical University , Dalian, Liaoning, P.R. China
| | - Xuesong Bai
- The First Clinical Medical College, Dalian Medical University , Dalian, Liaoning, P.R. China
| | - Guoqing Jiang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University , Yangzhou, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Shengjie Jin
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University , Yangzhou, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Qian Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University , Yangzhou, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Aoqing Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University , Yangzhou, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Rui Peng
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University , Yangzhou, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Aiwu Ke
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University , Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Dousheng Bai
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University , Yangzhou, Jiangsu, P.R. China
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Damacharla D, Thamilselvan V, Zhang X, Mestareehi A, Yi Z, Kowluru A. Quantitative proteomics reveals novel interaction partners of Rac1 in pancreatic β-cells: Evidence for increased interaction with Rac1 under hyperglycemic conditions. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2019; 494:110489. [PMID: 31202817 PMCID: PMC6686664 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2019.110489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Revised: 06/11/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Rac1, a small G protein, regulates physiological insulin secretion from the pancreatic β-cell. Interestingly, Rac1 has also been implicated in the onset of metabolic dysfunction of the β-cell under the duress of hyperglycemia (HG). This study is aimed at the identification of interaction partners of Rac1 in β-cells under basal and HG conditions. Using co-immunoprecipitation and UPLC-ESI-MS/MS, we identified 324 Rac1 interaction partners in INS-1832/13 cells, which represent the largest Rac1 interactome to date. Furthermore, we identified 27 interaction partners that exhibited increased association with Rac1 in β-cells exposed to HG. Western blotting (INS-1832/13 cells, rat islets and human islets) and co-immunoprecipitation (INS-1832/13 cells) further validated the identity of these Rac1 interaction partners including regulators of GPCR-G protein-effector coupling in the islet. These data form the basis for future investigations on contributory roles of these Rac1-specific signaling pathways in islet β-cell function in health and diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Divyasri Damacharla
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Wayne State University, USA
| | - Vijayalakshmi Thamilselvan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Wayne State University, USA
| | - Xiangmin Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Wayne State University, USA
| | - Aktham Mestareehi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Wayne State University, USA
| | - Zhengping Yi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Wayne State University, USA
| | - Anjaneyulu Kowluru
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Wayne State University, USA; Center for Translational Research in Diabetes, Biomedical Research Service, John D. Dingell VA Medical Center, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA.
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Tanna CE, Goss LB, Ludwig CG, Chen PW. Arf GAPs as Regulators of the Actin Cytoskeleton-An Update. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20020442. [PMID: 30669557 PMCID: PMC6358971 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20020442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2018] [Revised: 01/14/2019] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Arf GTPase-activating proteins (Arf GAPs) control the activity of ADP-ribosylation factors (Arfs) by inducing GTP hydrolysis and participate in a diverse array of cellular functions both through mechanisms that are dependent on and independent of their Arf GAP activity. A number of these functions hinge on the remodeling of actin filaments. Accordingly, some of the effects exerted by Arf GAPs involve proteins known to engage in regulation of the actin dynamics and architecture, such as Rho family proteins and nonmuscle myosin 2. Circular dorsal ruffles (CDRs), podosomes, invadopodia, lamellipodia, stress fibers and focal adhesions are among the actin-based structures regulated by Arf GAPs. Arf GAPs are thus important actors in broad functions like adhesion and motility, as well as the specialized functions of bone resorption, neurite outgrowth, and pathogen internalization by immune cells. Arf GAPs, with their multiple protein-protein interactions, membrane-binding domains and sites for post-translational modification, are good candidates for linking the changes in actin to the membrane. The findings discussed depict a family of proteins with a critical role in regulating actin dynamics to enable proper cell function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine E Tanna
- Department of Biology, Williams College, Williamstown, MA 01267, USA.
| | - Louisa B Goss
- Department of Biology, Williams College, Williamstown, MA 01267, USA.
| | - Calvin G Ludwig
- Department of Biology, Williams College, Williamstown, MA 01267, USA.
| | - Pei-Wen Chen
- Department of Biology, Williams College, Williamstown, MA 01267, USA.
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Zhang Z, Hu P, Xiong J, Wang S. Inhibiting GIT1 reduces the growth, invasion, and angiogenesis of osteosarcoma. Cancer Manag Res 2018; 10:6445-6455. [PMID: 30555255 PMCID: PMC6278701 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s181066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background GIT1, a scaffold protein with ubiquitous multi-domain, is involved in many cellular processes. In recent years, it was proved that GIT1 participated in various tumors’ growth or metastasis. However, the biological function of GIT1 in osteosarcoma is still unclear. In this study, we aimed to investigate the role and mechanism of GIT1 in osteosarcoma. Materials and methods Human osteosarcoma tissues were obtained to investigate the distribution of GIT1. Adequate osteosarcoma cells were stably infected with lentivirus to knockdown GIT1 level and then was used to carry out cell invasion and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) assay in vitro. Orthotopic femoral osteosarcoma model was constructed to investigate the growth, invasion, and angiogenesis in vivo. Western blot was used to detect extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK1/2) activation and hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1α) expression. Results In this study, we found that GIT1 was distributed in human osteosarcoma tissues and highly expressed in osteosarcoma (OS) cells. Knockdown of GIT1 inhibited cell invasion and VEGF release in vitro and suppressed tumor growth, invasion, and angiogenesis in vivo. Furthermore, knockdown of GIT1 substantially downregulated the protein levels of p-ERK and HIF-1α in OST cells and inhibition of p-ERK by PD98059 could significantly decrease the expression of HIF-1α and concentration of VEGF in GIT1-shRNA-treated cells. Conclusion GIT1 knockdown can effectively inhibit the growth, invasion, and angiogenesis of osteosarcoma. Thus, GIT1 might act as an oncogenic factor in osteosarcoma and could be a potential molecular target for osteosarcoma gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zitao Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, China,
| | - Polu Hu
- Nanjing Red Cross Blood Center, Nanjing 210003, China
| | - Jin Xiong
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, China,
| | - Shoufeng Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, China,
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9
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Cortactin: Cell Functions of A Multifaceted Actin-Binding Protein. Trends Cell Biol 2018; 28:79-98. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tcb.2017.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2017] [Revised: 10/26/2017] [Accepted: 10/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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10
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Abstract
Actin remodeling plays an essential role in diverse cellular processes such as cell motility, vesicle trafficking or cytokinesis. The scaffold protein and actin nucleation promoting factor Cortactin is present in virtually all actin-based structures, participating in the formation of branched actin networks. It has been involved in the control of endocytosis, and vesicle trafficking, axon guidance and organization, as well as adhesion, migration and invasion. To migrate and invade through three-dimensional environments, cells have developed specialized actin-based structures called invadosomes, a generic term to designate invadopodia and podosomes. Cortactin has emerged as a critical regulator of invadosome formation, function and disassembly. Underscoring this role, Cortactin is frequently overexpressed in several types of invasive cancers. Herein we will review the roles played by Cortactin in these specific invasive structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pauline Jeannot
- CRCT INSERM UMR1037, Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier , CNRS ERL5294, Toulouse, France.,Cell Signalling Group, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, The University of Manchester , Manchester M20 4BX, UK
| | - Arnaud Besson
- CRCT INSERM UMR1037, Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier , CNRS ERL5294, Toulouse, France.,LBCMCP , Centre de Biologie Intégrative, Université de Toulouse , CNRS, UPS, Toulouse Cedex, France
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Majumder S, Zhu G, Xu X, Senchanthisai S, Jiang D, Liu H, Xue C, Wang X, Coia H, Cui Z, Smolock EM, Libby RT, Berk BC, Pang J. G-Protein-Coupled Receptor-2-Interacting Protein-1 Controls Stalk Cell Fate by Inhibiting Delta-like 4-Notch1 Signaling. Cell Rep 2017; 17:2532-2541. [PMID: 27926858 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2016.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2015] [Revised: 04/12/2016] [Accepted: 11/01/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The spatiotemporal localization and expression of Dll4 are critical for sprouting angiogenesis. However, the related mechanisms are poorly understood. Here, we show that G-protein-coupled receptor-kinase interacting protein-1 (GIT1) is a robust endogenous inhibitor of Dll4-Notch1 signaling that specifically controls stalk cell fate. GIT1 is highly expressed in stalk cells but not in tip cells. GIT1 deficiency remarkably enhances Dll4 expression and Notch1 signaling, resulting in impaired retinal sprouting angiogenesis, which can be rescued by treatment with the Notch inhibitor or Dll4 neutralizing antibody. Notch1 regulates Dll4 expression by binding to recombining binding protein suppressor of hairless (RBP-J, a transcriptional regulator of Notch) via a highly conserved ankyrin (ANK) repeat domain. We show that GIT1, which also contains an ANK domain, inhibits the Notch1-Dll4 signaling pathway by competing with Notch1 ANK domain for binding to RBP-J in stalk cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syamantak Majumder
- Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - GuoFu Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, Pan-Vascular Research Institute, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Xiangbin Xu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Sharon Senchanthisai
- Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Dongyang Jiang
- Department of Cardiology, Pan-Vascular Research Institute, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Hao Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Pan-Vascular Research Institute, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Chao Xue
- Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Xiaoqun Wang
- Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Heidi Coia
- Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Zhaoqiang Cui
- Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Elaine M Smolock
- Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Richard T Libby
- Flaum Eye Institute, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Bradford C Berk
- Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Jinjiang Pang
- Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY 14642, USA; Department of Cardiology, Pan-Vascular Research Institute, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China.
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Transcriptional regulation of endothelial cell behavior during sprouting angiogenesis. Nat Commun 2017; 8:726. [PMID: 28959057 PMCID: PMC5620061 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-00738-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2016] [Accepted: 07/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Mediating the expansion of vascular beds in many physiological and pathological settings, angiogenesis requires dynamic changes in endothelial cell behavior. However, the molecular mechanisms governing endothelial cell activity during different phases of vascular growth, remodeling, maturation, and quiescence remain elusive. Here, we characterize dynamic gene expression changes during postnatal development and identify critical angiogenic factors in mouse retinal endothelial cells. Using actively translating transcriptome analysis and in silico computational analyses, we determine candidate regulators controlling endothelial cell behavior at different developmental stages. We further show that one of the identified candidates, the transcription factor MafB, controls endothelial sprouting in vitro and in vivo, and perform an integrative analysis of RNA-Seq and ChIP-Seq data to define putative direct MafB targets, which are activated or repressed by the transcriptional regulator. Together, our results identify novel cell-autonomous regulatory mechanisms controlling sprouting angiogenesis. Angiogenesis is a complex process that requires coordinated changes in endothelial cell behavior. Here the authors use Ribo-tag and RNA-Seq to determine temporal profiles of transcriptional activity during postnatal retinal angiogenesis, identifying transcriptional regulators of the process.
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13
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Zhang G, Wang R, Cheng K, Li Q, Wang Y, Zhang R, Qin X. Repulsive Guidance Molecule a Inhibits Angiogenesis by Downregulating VEGF and Phosphorylated Focal Adhesion Kinase In Vitro. Front Neurol 2017; 8:504. [PMID: 29018403 PMCID: PMC5623191 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2017.00504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2017] [Accepted: 09/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Repulsive guidance molecule a (RGMa) is a major neuron guidance factor in central nervous systems. We previously found that inhibition of RGMa could greatly enhance neural function rehabilitation in rats after MCAO/reperfusion. Neuron guidance factors are often regulators of angiogenesis. However, the effect of RGMa on angiogenesis and its mechanisms remain to be determined. Here, we investigated the effect of RGMa on endothelial cell (EC) proliferation, migration, tube formation, and cytoskeleton reassembly. The addition of recombinant RGMa significantly decreased the proliferation, migration, and tube formation of ECs. It also decreased the level of phosphorylated focal adhesion kinase (p-FAK Tyr397). Furthermore, the F-actin of the cytoskeleton assembly was obviously suppressed, with decreased filopodia and lamellipodia after the addition of RGMa. Knockout of neogenin or Unc5b significantly diminished RGMa’s inhibition of EC migration, tube formation, and cytoskeleton reassembly. RGMa-induced p-FAK (Tyr397) decrease was also abolished by knockout of neogenin or Unc5b. These results indicate that RGMa may be a negative regulator of angiogenesis through downregulating VEGF and p-FAK (Tyr397) via neogenin and Unc5b in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Rong Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ke Cheng
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qi Li
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Rongrong Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xinyue Qin
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Goicoechea I, Rezola R, Arestin M, M Caffarel M, Cortazar AR, Manterola L, Fernandez-Mercado M, Armesto M, Sole C, Larrea E, M Araujo A, Ancizar N, Plazaola A, Urruticoechea A, Carracedo A, Ruiz I, Alvarez Lopez I, H Lawrie C. Spatial intratumoural heterogeneity in the expression of GIT1 is associated with poor prognostic outcome in oestrogen receptor positive breast cancer patients with synchronous lymph node metastases. F1000Res 2017; 6:1606. [PMID: 29862012 PMCID: PMC5843846 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.12393.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: The outcome for oestrogen receptor positive (ER+) breast cancer patients has improved greatly in recent years largely due to targeted therapy. However, the presence of involved multiple synchronous lymph nodes remains associated with a poor outcome. Consequently, these patients would benefit from the identification of new prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets. The expression of G-protein-coupled receptor kinase-interacting protein 1 (GIT1) has recently been shown to be an indicator of advanced stage breast cancer. Therefore, we investigated its expression and prognostic value of GIT1 in a cohort of 140 ER+ breast cancer with synchronous lymph node involvement. Methods: Immunohistochemistry was employed to assess GIT1 expression in a tissue microarray (TMA) containing duplicate non-adjacent cores with matched primary tumour and lymph node tissue (n=140). GIT1 expression in tumour cells was scored and statistical correlation analyses were carried out. Results: The results revealed a sub-group of patients that displayed discordant expression of GIT1 between the primary tumour and the lymph nodes (i.e. spatial intratumoural heterogeneity). We observed that loss of GIT1 expression in the tumour cells of the metastasis was associated with a shorter time to recurrence, poorer overall survival, and a shorter median survival time. Moreover, multivariate analysis demonstrated that GIT1 expression was an independent prognostic indicator. Conclusions: GIT1 expression enabled the identification of a sub-class of ER+ patients with lymph node metastasis that have a particularly poor prognostic outcome. We propose that this biomarker could be used to further stratify ER+ breast cancer patients with synchronous lymph node involvement and therefore facilitate adjuvant therapy decision making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibai Goicoechea
- Molecular Oncology Group, Biodonostia Research Institute, San Sebastián, 20014, Spain
| | - Ricardo Rezola
- Department of Pathology and Anatomy, Onkologikoa- Instituto Oncológico, San Sebastián, 20014, Spain
| | - María Arestin
- Molecular Oncology Group, Biodonostia Research Institute, San Sebastián, 20014, Spain
| | - María M Caffarel
- Molecular Oncology Group, Biodonostia Research Institute, San Sebastián, 20014, Spain.,IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, 48013, Spain
| | | | - Lorea Manterola
- Molecular Oncology Group, Biodonostia Research Institute, San Sebastián, 20014, Spain
| | | | - María Armesto
- Molecular Oncology Group, Biodonostia Research Institute, San Sebastián, 20014, Spain
| | - Carla Sole
- Molecular Oncology Group, Biodonostia Research Institute, San Sebastián, 20014, Spain
| | - Erika Larrea
- Molecular Oncology Group, Biodonostia Research Institute, San Sebastián, 20014, Spain
| | - Angela M Araujo
- Molecular Oncology Group, Biodonostia Research Institute, San Sebastián, 20014, Spain
| | - Nerea Ancizar
- Oncology Department, University Hospital Donostia, San Sebastián, 20014, Spain
| | - Arrate Plazaola
- Onkologikoa- Instituto Oncológico, San Sebastián, 20014, Spain
| | | | - Arkaitz Carracedo
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, 48013, Spain.,CIC bioGUNE, Derio, 48160, Spain.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of the Basque Country, Leioa , 48940, Spain
| | - Irune Ruiz
- Department of Pathology and Anatomy, University Hospital Donostia, San Sebastián, 20014, Spain
| | | | - Charles H Lawrie
- Molecular Oncology Group, Biodonostia Research Institute, San Sebastián, 20014, Spain.,IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, 48013, Spain.,Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK
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15
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Kim GY, Park JH, Kim H, Lim HJ, Park HY. Coronin 1B serine 2 phosphorylation by p38α is critical for vascular endothelial growth factor-induced migration of human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Cell Signal 2016; 28:1817-1825. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2016.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2016] [Revised: 08/06/2016] [Accepted: 08/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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16
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Tao WY, Wang CY, Sun YH, Su YH, Pang D, Zhang GQ. MicroRNA-34c Suppresses Breast Cancer Migration and Invasion by Targeting GIT1. J Cancer 2016; 7:1653-1662. [PMID: 27698902 PMCID: PMC5039386 DOI: 10.7150/jca.14762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2015] [Accepted: 06/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Abnormal expression of microRNAs plays important role in tumor metastasis. Migration and invasion of cancer cells accord for the metastasis and deterioration of breast cancer. However, the regulatory role of microRNAs in the invasion and migration of breast cancer cells has not completely understood yet. Here we found that microRNA-34c (miR-34c) was significantly downregulated in metastatic tissue of breast cancer. In vitro study showed that miR-34c negatively regulated GIT1 protein expression by binding to the 3'UTR of GIT1 mRNA. Consistently, GIT1 protein expression was found upregulated significantly in metastatic breast cancer. Moreover, miR-34c overexpression suppressed the expression of GIT1 protein, and this effect was restored by AMO-miR-34c in breast cancer cells. Overexpression of miR-34c suppressed cell migration and invasion in both MCF-7 and MDA-MD-231 breast cancer cells. Furthermore, knockdown of endogenous GIT1 expression reduced the migration and invasion of both two breast cancer cells. Collectively, miR-34c downregulation in breast cancer cells resulted in the upregulation of GIT1, which in turn enhanced the migration and invasion of breast cancer. This study highlights molecular mechanism of migration and invasion of breast cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Yang Tao
- Department of Breast Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China;; Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research (Harbin Medical University), Ministry of Education, Harbin, China
| | - Chun-Yang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research (Harbin Medical University), Ministry of Education, Harbin, China;; Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yong-Hui Sun
- Department of Breast Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Yong-Hui Su
- Department of Breast Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Da Pang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Guo-Qiang Zhang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
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17
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Role of Moesin in Advanced Glycation End Products-Induced Angiogenesis of Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells. Sci Rep 2016; 6:22749. [PMID: 26956714 PMCID: PMC4783699 DOI: 10.1038/srep22749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2015] [Accepted: 02/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Disorders of angiogenesis are related to microangiopathies during the development of diabetic vascular complications, but the effect of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) on angiogenesis and the mechanism has not been completely unveiled. We previous demonstrated that moesin belonging to the ezrin-radixin-moesin (ERM) protein family protein played a critical role in AGE-induced hyper-permeability in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Here, we investigated the impact of moesin on AGE-induced HUVEC proliferation, migration, and tubulogenesis. Silencing of moesin decreased cell motility and tube formation but not cell proliferation. It also attenuated cellular F-actin reassembly. Further, phosphorylation of threonine at the 558 amino acid residue (Thr 558) in moesin suppressed AGE-induced HUVEC proliferation, migration, and tube formation, while the activating mutation of moesin at Thr 558 enhanced HUVEC angiogenesis. Further, the inhibition of either RhoA activity by adenovirus or ROCK activation with inhibitor Y27632 decreased AGE-induced moesin phosphorylation and subsequently suppressed HUVEC angiogenesis. These results indicate that the Thr 558 phosphorylation in moesin mediates endothelial angiogenesis. AGEs promoted HUVEC angiogenesis by inducing moesin phosphorylation via RhoA/ROCK pathway.
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18
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Fu P, Usatyuk PV, Jacobson J, Cress AE, Garcia JGN, Salgia R, Natarajan V. Role played by paxillin and paxillin tyrosine phosphorylation in hepatocyte growth factor/sphingosine-1-phosphate-mediated reactive oxygen species generation, lamellipodia formation, and endothelial barrier function. Pulm Circ 2015; 5:619-30. [PMID: 26697169 DOI: 10.1086/683693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Paxillin is a multifunctional and multidomain focal adhesion adaptor protein. It serves as an important scaffolding protein at focal adhesions by recruiting and binding to structural and signaling molecules. Paxillin tyrosine phosphorylation at Y31 and Y118 is important for paxillin redistribution to focal adhesions and angiogenesis. Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) are potent stimulators of lamellipodia formation, a prerequisite for endothelial cell migration. The role played by paxillin and its tyrosine phosphorylated forms in HGF- or S1P-induced lamellipodia formation and barrier function is unclear. HGF or S1P stimulated lamellipodia formation, tyrosine phosphorylation of paxillin at Y31 and Y118, and c-Abl in human lung microvascular endothelial cells (HLMVECs). Knockdown of paxillin with small interfering RNA (siRNA) or transfection with paxillin mutants (Y31F or Y118F) mitigated HGF- or S1P-induced lamellipodia formation, translocation of p47 (phox) to lamellipodia, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation in HLMVECs. Furthermore, exposure of HLMVECs to HGF or S1P stimulated c-Abl-mediated tyrosine phosphorylation of paxillin at Y31 and Y118 in a time-dependent fashion, and down-regulation of c-Abl with siRNA attenuated HGF- or S1P-mediated lamellipodia formation, translocation of p47 (phox) to lamellipodia, and endothelial barrier enhancement. In vivo, knockdown of paxillin with siRNA in mouse lungs attenuated ventilator-induced lung injury. Together, these results suggest that c-Abl-mediated tyrosine phosphorylation of paxillin at Y31 and Y118 regulates HGF- or S1P-mediated lamellipodia formation, ROS generation in lamellipodia, and endothelial permeability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panfeng Fu
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Illinois, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Peter V Usatyuk
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Illinois, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Jeffrey Jacobson
- Department of Medicine, University of Illinois, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Anne E Cress
- College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Joe G N Garcia
- College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Ravi Salgia
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Viswanathan Natarajan
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Illinois, Chicago, Illinois, USA ; Department of Medicine, University of Illinois, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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19
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Chen J, Yang P, Yang J, Wen Z, Zhang B, Zheng X. GIT1 is a novel prognostic biomarker and facilitates tumor progression via activating ERK/MMP9 signaling in hepatocellular carcinoma. Onco Targets Ther 2015; 8:3731-42. [PMID: 26719701 PMCID: PMC4689273 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s96715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim Multiple studies have revealed that G-protein-coupled receptor kinase-interacting protein 1 (GIT1) is overexpressed in many cancers and facilitates tumor progression. However, the role of GIT1 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains unclear. Methods GIT1 expression was detected in cell lines and 130 pairs of HCC and matched adjacent noncancerous samples. Transwell assay, flow cytometry, caspase 3/7 activity assay, 5-bromodeoxyuridine cell proliferation assay, and 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay were used to assess invasion, migration, apoptosis, and proliferation of HCC cells. Furthermore, GIT1 expression was detected by immunohistochemistry to evaluate its correlation with phospho-extracellular signal-regulated kinase (p-ERK)1/2. The regulatory effect of GIT1 on ERK1/2, p-ERK1/2, and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP9) in HCC cells was confirmed by immunoblotting. Results In this study, we demonstrated that GIT1 was more highly expressed in HCC samples than that in non-HCC samples, and overexpression of GIT1 was correlated with clinicopathological features of poor prognosis. Clinical analysis demonstrated that GIT1 is an independent prognostic biomarker for predicting overall survival and disease-free survival of patients with HCC. In vitro studies showed that downregulation of GIT1 facilitated HCC cell apoptosis and repressed HCC cell invasion, migration, and proliferation. Overexpression of GIT1 is associated with p-ERK1/2 amplification in HCC tissues. Moreover, downregulation of GIT1 resulted in inactivation of ERK signaling and downregulation of MMP9. Conclusion Our findings indicate that GIT1 is an independent prognostic biomarker and facilitates HCC progression via activating ERK/MMP9 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junyi Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Branch of the First People's Hospital of Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Pinghua Yang
- Department of Hepatic Surgery, the Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University, People's Republic of China
| | - Jue Yang
- Department of Hepatic Surgery, the Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhijian Wen
- Department of Hepatic Surgery, the Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University, People's Republic of China
| | - Baohua Zhang
- Department of Hepatic Surgery, the Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Zheng
- Department of General Surgery, Branch of the First People's Hospital of Shanghai, People's Republic of China ; Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Branch of the first People's Hospital of Shanghai, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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20
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Lu X, Wan F, Zhang H, Shi G, Ye D. ITGA2B and ITGA8 are predictive of prognosis in clear cell renal cell carcinoma patients. Tumour Biol 2015. [PMID: 26198048 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-015-3792-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Integrins play an important role in cancer growth and metastasis. This study aimed at determining the predictive ability of integrins and associated genes identified through molecular network in clear cell renal cell carcinoma. A total of 525 patients with ccRCC from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) cohorts were collected in this study. The expression profile of integrins and related genes were obtained from the TCGA RNAseq database. Clinicopathological characteristics, including age, gender, tumor size, tumor node metastasis (TNM), tumor grade, stage, laterality, and overall survival were collected. Cox proportional hazards regression model as well as Kaplan-Meier curve were used to assess the relative factors. Genes of integrin family that showed certain correlations with overall survival (OS) were further validated in the Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center (FUSCC) cohort. In the TCGA cohort, after Cox proportional hazards analysis, ITGA2B (hazards ratio (HR) = 1.232, 95 % CI 1.097 to 1.383) and ITGA8 (HR = 0.804, 95 % CI 0.696 to 0.930) were shown predictive of ccRCC prognosis. Low ITGA8 expression was associated with poor prognosis for OS (log-rank test, p < 0.0001), while high level of ITGA2B expression was correlated with poor prognosis for OS (log-rank test, p < 0.0001). This finding was validated in FUSCC cohort (log-rank test, all p < 0.05). As a result, low ITGA8 expression was associated with poor prognosis for OS (log-rank test, p = 0.0053), while high level of ITGA2B expression was correlated with poor prognosis for OS (log-rank test, p < 0.0001). Plus, low ITGA8 expression was associated with poor prognosis for disease-free survival (DFS) in the TCGA cohort (log-rank test, p < 0.0001). In the gene cluster network analysis, GIT1 and SHC1 associated with ITGA2B and ITGA8 were identified as independent predictive factors of overall survival of ccRCC. ITGA2B, ITGA8, GIT1, and SHC1 were identified as independent prognostic factors of overall survival of ccRCC. This method may act as a tool to reveal more prognostic-associated genes in ccRCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolin Lu
- Department of Urology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, No. 270, Dong'an Road, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Fangning Wan
- Department of Urology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, No. 270, Dong'an Road, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Hailiang Zhang
- Department of Urology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, No. 270, Dong'an Road, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Guohai Shi
- Department of Urology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, No. 270, Dong'an Road, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Dingwei Ye
- Department of Urology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, No. 270, Dong'an Road, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China.
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21
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Marinković G, Heemskerk N, van Buul JD, de Waard V. The Ins and Outs of Small GTPase Rac1 in the Vasculature. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2015; 354:91-102. [PMID: 26036474 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.115.223610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2015] [Accepted: 06/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The Rho family of small GTPases forms a 20-member family within the Ras superfamily of GTP-dependent enzymes that are activated by a variety of extracellular signals. The most well known Rho family members are RhoA (Ras homolog gene family, member A), Cdc42 (cell division control protein 42), and Rac1 (Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1), which affect intracellular signaling pathways that regulate a plethora of critical cellular functions, such as oxidative stress, cellular contacts, migration, and proliferation. In this review, we describe the current knowledge on the role of GTPase Rac1 in the vasculature. Whereas most recent reviews focus on the role of vascular Rac1 in endothelial cells, in the present review we also highlight the functional involvement of Rac1 in other vascular cells types, namely, smooth muscle cells present in the media and fibroblasts located in the adventitia of the vessel wall. Collectively, this overview shows that Rac1 activity is involved in various functions within one cell type at distinct locations within the cell, and that there are overlapping but also cell type-specific functions in the vasculature. Chronically enhanced Rac1 activity seems to contribute to vascular pathology; however, Rac1 is essential to vascular homeostasis, which makes Rac1 inhibition as a therapeutic option a delicate balancing act.
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Affiliation(s)
- Goran Marinković
- Department Medical Biochemistry (G.M., V.d.W.) and Department of Molecular Cell Biology (N.H., J.D.v.B.), Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Niels Heemskerk
- Department Medical Biochemistry (G.M., V.d.W.) and Department of Molecular Cell Biology (N.H., J.D.v.B.), Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jaap D van Buul
- Department Medical Biochemistry (G.M., V.d.W.) and Department of Molecular Cell Biology (N.H., J.D.v.B.), Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Vivian de Waard
- Department Medical Biochemistry (G.M., V.d.W.) and Department of Molecular Cell Biology (N.H., J.D.v.B.), Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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SEMA6D Expression and Patient Survival in Breast Invasive Carcinoma. Int J Breast Cancer 2015; 2015:539721. [PMID: 25973277 PMCID: PMC4417987 DOI: 10.1155/2015/539721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2015] [Accepted: 03/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is the second most common cancer diagnosed in American women and is also the second leading cause of cancer death in women. Research has focused heavily on BC metastasis. Multiple signaling pathways have been implicated in regulating BC metastasis. Our knowledge of regulation of BC metastasis is, however, far from complete. Identification of new factors during metastasis is an essential step towards future therapy. Our labs have focused on Semaphorin 6D (SEMA6D), which was implicated in immune responses, heart development, and neurogenesis. It will be interesting to know SEMA6D-related genomic expression profile and its implications in clinical outcome. In this study, we examined the public datasets of breast invasive carcinoma from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). We analyzed the expression of SEMA6D along with its related genes, their functions, pathways, and potential as copredictors for BC patients' survival. We found 6-gene expression profile that can be used as such predictors. Our study provides evidences for the first time that breast invasive carcinoma may contain a subtype based on SEMA6D expression. The expression of SEMA6D gene may play an important role in promoting patient survival, especially among triple negative breast cancer patients.
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23
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The protein tyrosine phosphatase DEP-1/PTPRJ promotes breast cancer cell invasion and metastasis. Oncogene 2015; 34:5536-47. [DOI: 10.1038/onc.2015.9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2014] [Revised: 12/16/2014] [Accepted: 01/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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