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Serban A, Gavan D, Pepine D, Dadarlat A, Tomoaia R, Mot S, Achim A. Mechanical valve thrombosis: Current management and differences between guidelines. Trends Cardiovasc Med 2024; 34:351-359. [PMID: 37499958 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcm.2023.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
All foreign bodies inserted in the circulatory system are thrombogenic and require temporary or lifelong antithrombotic therapies to prevent thrombosis. The adequate level of anticoagulation during the first few months determines the long-term durability, particularly for mechanical prostheses, and also for biological valves. Suboptimal anticoagulation is the most frequent source of mechanical valve thrombosis (MVT). The patient's clinical presentation decides how mechanical prosthetic valve obstruction is managed. If the mechanical valve thrombosis is obstructive and the patient is in a critical condition with hemodynamic instability, an immediate surgical intervention should be performed. The thrombolytic treatment is an option for left mechanical valve thrombosis in patients who have high surgical risk and no contraindications and also for right heart valve thrombosis. In non-obstructive thrombosis on the mechanical valve, patients can be asymptomatic, requiring optimization of the anticoagulant treatment. Both obstructive and non-obstructive thrombus formed on the mechanical prosthesis can result in embolic events. If the thrombus persists following anticoagulant treatment, the recommended options include thrombolytic treatment or redo surgery. Pannus can also cause obstruction of the prosthesis for which surgical treatment is the only option. While these clinical scenarios may initially appear to have straightforward solutions in terms of surgery, thrombolysis, or effective anticoagulation, real-world clinical experience often proves more complex. For instance, a patient with some usual comorbidities and non-obstructive mechanical valve thrombosis, experiencing symptoms solely by repeated systemic embolizations, might undergo all three therapeutic options due to the unpredictable nature of MVT. Therefore, treatment indications can intersect both on the time axis and depending on the patient's clinical status and the expertise of the center where he is hospitalized. Moreover, the European and American guidelines show subtle but important differences. The aim of this review was to compare these differences, comment on recent studies and evidence gaps, propose a more pragmatic algorithm combining all current recommendations, and highlight important research directions for this disease that has dominated the cardiovascular landscape for more than five decades, but for which there have been no significant recent changes in management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adela Serban
- Department of Cardiology, Heart Institute Niculae Stăncioiu, Cluj-Napoca, Romania; 5th Department of Internal Medicine, Iuliu Haţieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Dana Gavan
- Department of Cardiology, Heart Institute Niculae Stăncioiu, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Diana Pepine
- Department of Cardiology, Heart Institute Niculae Stăncioiu, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Alexandra Dadarlat
- Department of Cardiology, Heart Institute Niculae Stăncioiu, Cluj-Napoca, Romania; 5th Department of Internal Medicine, Iuliu Haţieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Raluca Tomoaia
- 5th Department of Internal Medicine, Iuliu Haţieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania; Department of Cardiology, Clinical Rehabilitation Hospital, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Stefan Mot
- Department of Cardiology, Heart Institute Niculae Stăncioiu, Cluj-Napoca, Romania; 5th Department of Internal Medicine, Iuliu Haţieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Alexandru Achim
- Department of Cardiology, Heart Institute Niculae Stăncioiu, Cluj-Napoca, Romania; Department of Cardiology, Medizinische Universitätsklinik, Kantonsspital Baselland, Liestal, Switzerland.
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Özkan M, Güner A, Gündüz S, Yıldız G, Yıldırım Aİ, Kalçık M, Yesin M, Bayam E, Kalkan S, Gürsoy MO, Kılıçgedik A, Bayram Z, Sarı M, Aytürk M, Karakoyun S, Astarcıoğlu MA, Gündoğdu EC, Biçer A, Gürcü E, Koçak T, Demirbağ R. Combination anticoagulation strategy in pregnancy with mechanical valves: The KYBELE study. Am Heart J 2024; 273:21-34. [PMID: 38570020 DOI: 10.1016/j.ahj.2024.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Optimal first-trimester anticoagulation is still challenging in pregnant women with mechanical heart valves (MHVs) requiring high-dose warfarin. This multicenter prospective study aims to determine the optimal anticoagulation regimens for pregnant patients with MHVs. METHODS All women were allocated to one of three treatment options during first trimester including lone low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH), combination of LMWH + 2.5 mg warfarin, and LMWH+4 mg warfarin. Primary maternal outcome included a combination of death, thromboembolism, severe bleeding, and need for treatment of mechanical valve thrombosis (MVT). Any fetal loss was determined as primary fetal outcome. RESULTS The study included 78 pregnancies in 65 women with MHVs. Primary maternal outcome rate was 44%, 12.5%, 3.5%, respectively. The rates of primary maternal outcome (44 vs 3.5%, P < .001), obstructive MVT (16 vs 0%, P = .04), MVT requiring treatment (28 vs 0%, P = .003), and cerebral embolism (24 vs 3.4%, P = .041) were found to be significantly higher in lone LMWH group compared to LMWH + 4 mg warfarin group. Moreover, the rates of primary maternal outcome (12.5 vs 44%, P = .015) and treatment for MHV thrombus (4.2 vs 28%, P = .049) were significantly lower in LMWH + 2.5 mg warfarin group compared to lone LMWH group. The incidences of fetal loss were 8 (32%) in the lone LMWH group, 8 (33.3%) in LMWH + 2.5 mg warfarin group, and 11 (37.9%) in LMWH + 4 mg warfarin group (P = .890 for 3-group).Warfarin related-embryopathy was not observed in any case. CONCLUSIONS The combined anticoagulation strategy of LMWH plus low-dose warfarin during the first trimester of pregnancy may result in less maternal complications with comparable fetal outcomes in patients with MHVs. CONDENSED ABSTRACT Low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) is thought to be safer for the fetus, however it is suspected to be less protective for the mother. To solve this dilemma, the authors suggested a novel anticoagulation strategy in pregnant women with prosthetic valves. Seventy-eight pregnancies of 65 women (median age 32 [27-35] years) were included in the study. A combination of LMWH and a reduced dose warfarin were associated with low rates of thrombus-related complications in pregnant patients with mechanical heart valves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Özkan
- Koşuyolu Kartal Heart Training and Research Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Istanbul, Turkey; Ardahan University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ardahan, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Güner
- Istanbul Mehmet Akif Ersoy Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Training and Research Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Sabahattin Gündüz
- Koşuyolu Kartal Heart Training and Research Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Gazi Yıldız
- Kartal Dr. Lutfi Kirdar Research and Training Hospital, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ayşe İnci Yıldırım
- Koşuyolu Kartal Heart Training and Research Hospital, Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Macit Kalçık
- Hitit University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Corum, Turkey
| | - Mahmut Yesin
- Koşuyolu Kartal Heart Training and Research Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Emrah Bayam
- Koşuyolu Kartal Heart Training and Research Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Semih Kalkan
- Koşuyolu Kartal Heart Training and Research Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Ozan Gürsoy
- İzmir Katip Çelebi University, Atatürk Training and Reseach Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Alev Kılıçgedik
- Koşuyolu Kartal Heart Training and Research Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Zübeyde Bayram
- Koşuyolu Kartal Heart Training and Research Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Münevver Sarı
- Koşuyolu Kartal Heart Training and Research Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Aytürk
- Koşuyolu Kartal Heart Training and Research Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Süleyman Karakoyun
- Koşuyolu Kartal Heart Training and Research Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Ali Astarcıoğlu
- Koşuyolu Kartal Heart Training and Research Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Elif Cansu Gündoğdu
- Kartal Dr. Lutfi Kirdar Research and Training Hospital, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Asuman Biçer
- Harran University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Şanlıurfa, Turkey
| | - Emre Gürcü
- Koşuyolu Kartal Heart Training and Research Hospital, Department of Anesthesia and Reanimation, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Tuncer Koçak
- Koşuyolu Kartal Heart Training and Research Hospital, Department of Anesthesia and Reanimation, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Recep Demirbağ
- Harran University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Şanlıurfa, Turkey
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Ebrahimi P, Sattartabar B, Taheri H, Soltani P, Bahiraie P, Mousavinezhad SM, Gooshvar M, Kampaktsis PN, Arsanjani R, Sahebjam M, Hosseini K, Siegel RJ. Mechanical prosthetic valve thrombosis: A literature review of treatment strategies. Curr Probl Cardiol 2024; 49:102628. [PMID: 38729276 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpcardiol.2024.102628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
Mechanical prosthetic valve thrombosis (MPVT) is a common complication of valvular implantations. This study compared the efficacy and safety of different treatments for MPVT. A systematic search of electronic databases identified studies evaluating surgical, anticoagulant, and thrombolytic therapies. Although several studies of different types have been conducted to evaluate the efficacy of these treatment strategies the lack of randomized controlled trials has resulted in the inability to make a definitive conclusion about the pros and cons of these treatments. Recent treatments, such as slow and ultraslow infusion of thrombolytics, showed comparable efficacy and lower complication rates than traditional methods. Inadequate anticoagulant use is a major risk factor for MPVT, highlighting the importance of prevention. Treatment selection should be individualized based on patient factors and available expertise. Overall, slow and ultraslow infusion of thrombolytics may be a promising treatment option for MPVT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pouya Ebrahimi
- Tehran Heart Center, Cardiovascular Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Babak Sattartabar
- Tehran Heart Center, Cardiovascular Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Homa Taheri
- Cedars-Sinai Smidt Heart Institute, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Parnian Soltani
- Tehran Heart Center, Cardiovascular Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Pegah Bahiraie
- School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Mehrdad Gooshvar
- School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | | | - Reza Arsanjani
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, AZ 85054, USA
| | - Mohammad Sahebjam
- Tehran Heart Center, Cardiovascular Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kaveh Hosseini
- Tehran Heart Center, Cardiovascular Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Guzmán-Delgado NE, Velázquez-Sotelo CE, Fernández-Gómez MJ, González-Barrera LG, Muñiz-García A, Sánchez-Sotelo VM, Carranza-Rosales P, Hernández-Juárez A, Morán-Martínez J, Martínez-Gaytan V. Adverse cardiovascular, obstetric and perinatal events during pregnancy and puerperium in patients with heart disease. Rev Clin Esp 2024; 224:337-345. [PMID: 38697610 DOI: 10.1016/j.rceng.2024.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES cardiovascular changes during pregnancy carry greater risk in heart disease. We analyze cardiovascular, obstetric and perinatal adverse effects associated with congenital and acquired heart disease during pregnancy and postpartum. MATERIALS AND METHODS Cross-sectional and retrospective study, which included the 2017-2023 registry of pregnant or postpartum patients hospitalised with diagnosis of congenital or acquired heart disease. Adverse events (heart failure, stroke, acute pulmonary edema, maternal death, obstetric haemorrhage, prematurity and perinatal death) were compared with the clinical variables and the implemented treatment. RESULTS 112 patients with a median age of 28 years (range 15-44) were included. Short circuits predominated 28 (25%). Thirty-six patients (32%) were classified in class IV of the modified WHO scale for maternal cardiovascular risk. Heart failure occurred in 39 (34.8%), acute lung edema 12 (10.7%), stroke 2 (1.8%), maternal death 5 (4.5%), obstetric haemorrhage 4 (3.6%), prematurity 50 (44.5%) and perinatal death 6 (5.4%). Shunts were associated with prematurity (adjusted odds ratio 4; 95% CI: 1.5-10, p = 0.006). Peripartum cardiomyopathy represented higher risk of pulmonary edema (adjusted OR 34; 95% CI: 6-194, p = 0.001) and heart failure (adjusted OR 16; 95% CI: 3-84, p = 0.001). An increased risk of obstetric haemorrhage was observed in patients with prosthetic valves (adjusted OR 30; 95% CI: 1.5-616, p = 0.025) and with the use of acetylsalicylic acid (adjusted OR 14; 95% CI: 1.2-16, p = 0.030). Furthermore, the latter was associated with perinatal death (adjusted OR 9; 95% CI: 1.4-68, p = 0.021). CONCLUSIONS severe complications were found during pregnancy and postpartum in patients with heart disease, which is why preconception evaluation and close surveillance are vital.
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Affiliation(s)
- N E Guzmán-Delgado
- División de Investigación en Salud, Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad, Hospital de Cardiología No. 34, "Dr. Alfonso J. Treviño" del Centro Médico Nacional del Noreste, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Monterrey, Nuevo León, Mexico; Programa de Posgrado en Especialidades Médicas, Universidad de Monterrey. San Pedro Garza, García, Nuevo León, Mexico
| | - C E Velázquez-Sotelo
- Departamento de Cardiología, Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad, Hospital de Cardiología No. 34, "Dr. Alfonso J. Treviño Treviño" del Centro Médico Nacional del Noreste, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Monterrey, Nuevo León, Mexico; Programa de Posgrado en Especialidades Médicas, Universidad de Monterrey. San Pedro Garza, García, Nuevo León, Mexico.
| | - M J Fernández-Gómez
- División de Investigación en Salud, Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad, Hospital de Cardiología No. 34, "Dr. Alfonso J. Treviño" del Centro Médico Nacional del Noreste, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Monterrey, Nuevo León, Mexico
| | - L G González-Barrera
- Departamento de Cardiología, Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad, Hospital de Cardiología No. 34, "Dr. Alfonso J. Treviño Treviño" del Centro Médico Nacional del Noreste, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Monterrey, Nuevo León, Mexico
| | - A Muñiz-García
- Departamento de Cardiología, Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad, Hospital de Cardiología No. 34, "Dr. Alfonso J. Treviño Treviño" del Centro Médico Nacional del Noreste, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Monterrey, Nuevo León, Mexico; Programa de Posgrado en Especialidades Médicas, Universidad de Monterrey. San Pedro Garza, García, Nuevo León, Mexico
| | - V M Sánchez-Sotelo
- Departamento de Cirugía Cardiotorácica, Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad, Hospital de Cardiología No. 34, "Dr. Alfonso J. Treviño Treviño" del Centro Médico Nacional del Noreste, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Monterrey, Nuevo León, Mexico
| | - P Carranza-Rosales
- Centro de investigación Biomédica del Noreste. Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social. Monterrey, Nuevo León, Mexico
| | - A Hernández-Juárez
- Departamento de Cardiología, Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad, Hospital de Cardiología No. 34, "Dr. Alfonso J. Treviño Treviño" del Centro Médico Nacional del Noreste, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Monterrey, Nuevo León, Mexico; Programa de Posgrado en Especialidades Médicas, Universidad de Monterrey. San Pedro Garza, García, Nuevo León, Mexico
| | - J Morán-Martínez
- Departamento de Biología Celular y Ultraestructura, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Coahuila unidad Torreón, Torreón, Coahuila, Mexico
| | - V Martínez-Gaytan
- División de Investigación en Salud, Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad de Gineco Obstetricia No.23, Dr. Ignacio Morones Prieto, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Monterrey, Nuevo León, Mexico
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Kalkan S, Gürsoy MO, Güner A, Kalçık M, Bayam E, Gündüz S, Özkan M. Management of prosthetic valve thrombosis with unfractionated heparin. Int J Cardiol 2024; 404:131968. [PMID: 38503347 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2024.131968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prosthetic valve thrombosis (PVT) is a severe and life-threatening complication. Surgery and thrombolytic therapy (TT) carry a high risk, and in several circumstances, optimal anticoagulation with unfractionated heparin (UFH) infusion may be an alternative treatment. This study aimed to assess the results of UFH in patients diagnosed with both obstructive and non-obstructive PVT. METHODS This observational retrospective study enrolled patients who had contraindications for TT and surgery underwent UFH therapy. RESULTS A total of 136 patients were enrolled [male: 55 (40.4%), mean age: 50.3 ± 14.6 years] in the study. In the successful group, 66 patients (48,5%) showed >75% regression in the thrombus burden without facing death or major non-fatal complications.In the unsuccessful group, 56 had less than a 50% reduction in thrombus load and 14 (10.3%) suffered major complications. The presence of obstruction (27.1% vs. 12.1%; p = 0.028), thrombus area 1.1 cm2 vs. 0.8 cm2; p = 0.005] and the duration of UFH treatment (15.1 vs. 11.8 (days); p = 0.005) were significantly higher in the unsuccessful UFH group.In multivariate regression analyses the presence of obstruction (RR: 3.088, p = 0.020), increased thrombus area (RR: 2.400; p = 0.015), and increased duration of UFH therapy (RR: 1.073 95%, p = 0.012) were identified as independent predictive parameters for a failed UFH therapy. CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that UFH therapy may be considered a relatively beneficial treatment strategy for some patients with PVT. The most significant factors affecting success are the obstructive nature and area of the thrombus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Semih Kalkan
- Department of Cardiology, Basaksehir Cam Sakura City Hospital, Istanbul, Turkiye.
| | - Mustafa Ozan Gürsoy
- Department of Cardiology, Izmir Katip Çelebi University, Atatürk Training and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Güner
- Department of Cardiology, Mehmet Akif Ersoy Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Macit Kalçık
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Hitit University, Çorum, Turkey
| | - Emrah Bayam
- Department of Cardiology, Koşuyolu Kartal Heart Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Sabahattin Gündüz
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Bahcesehir University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Özkan
- Department of Cardiology, Koşuyolu Kartal Heart Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey; Division of Health Sciences, Ardahan University, Ardahan, Turkey
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Gürsoy MO, Yılmaz C, Bayam E, Güner A, Emren SV, Kalkan S, Üzüm Y, Keleş N, Karagöz A, Özkan M. Monocyte to HDL ratio may predict thrombosis in patients with mechanical mitral and aortic valve prosthesis. J Artif Organs 2024; 27:117-124. [PMID: 37084110 DOI: 10.1007/s10047-023-01395-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023]
Abstract
Increased inflammatory biomarkers have been reported in prosthetic heart valve thrombosis (PHVT). Monocyte to HDL ratio (MHR) and albumin to CRP levels (CAR) are two biomarkers used widely for systemic inflammation but there is a lack of data on prosthetic heart valves. This study aimed to find out the potential predictive value of MHR and CAR for PHVT. Patients who had the diagnosis of mechanical mitral/aortic PHVT and normally functioning prosthesis were retrospectively analyzed. Laboratory data including complete blood count and biochemistry were recorded. Transesophageal echocardiography was performed to diagnose PHVT. The study included 118 patients with mechanical PHVT and 120 patients with normally functioning prosthesis. White blood count, monocyte levels, C-reactive protein, MHR and CAR were significantly higher whereas the lymphocyte, HDL and INR levels on admission were lower in patients with PHVT. Multivariate analysis showed that as well as inadequate anticoagulation, MHR, but not CAR, was found to be an independent predictor of thrombosis in patients with PHVT. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was performed to detect the best cut-off value of MHR in the prediction of thrombosis in patients with prosthetic valves. MHR level of > 12.8 measured on admission, yielded an AUC value of 0.791 [(CI 95% 0.733-0.848 p < 0.001) sensitivity 71%, specificity 70%]. Inadequate anticoagulation is the primary cause that leads to thrombosis in mechanical prosthetic valves. Increased MHR, but not CAR, was also shown to be an independent predictor of thrombosis in patients with mechanical mitral and aortic prosthetic valves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa Ozan Gürsoy
- Department of Cardiology, Atatürk Training and Research Hospital, İzmir Katip Çelebi University, Basın Sitesi, Atatürk Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi, Karabağlar, 35360, Izmir, Turkey.
| | - Cemalettin Yılmaz
- Department of Cardiology, Koşuyolu Kartal Heart Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Emrah Bayam
- Department of Cardiology, Koşuyolu Kartal Heart Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Güner
- Department of Cardiology, Mehmet Akif Ersoy Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Sadık Volkan Emren
- Department of Cardiology, Atatürk Training and Research Hospital, İzmir Katip Çelebi University, Basın Sitesi, Atatürk Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi, Karabağlar, 35360, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Semih Kalkan
- Department of Cardiology, Erzurum Bölge Training and Research Hospital, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Yusuf Üzüm
- Department of Internal Medicine, Atatürk Training and Research Hospital, İzmir Katip Çelebi University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Nurşen Keleş
- Department of Cardiology, Dr Siyami Ersek Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ali Karagöz
- Department of Cardiology, Koşuyolu Kartal Heart Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Özkan
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Ardahan University, Ardahan, Turkey
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Devasenapathy N, Devagourou V, Hote MP, Rajashekar P, Kidambi B, Singal A, Mantoo MR, Soni M, Purohit G, Singh S, Karthikeyan G. Surgery compared to fibrinolytic therapy for symptomatic left-sided prosthetic heart valve thrombosis (SAFE-PVT): Rationale and design of a randomized controlled trial. Indian Heart J 2024; 76:192-196. [PMID: 38879396 PMCID: PMC11329034 DOI: 10.1016/j.ihj.2024.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2024] [Revised: 06/08/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Left-sided mechanical prosthetic heart valve thrombosis (PVT) occurs because of suboptimal anticoagulation and is common in low-resource settings. Urgent surgery and fibrinolytic therapy (FT) are the two treatment options available for this condition. Urgent surgery is a high-risk procedure but results in successful restoration of valve function more often and is the treatment of choice in developed countries. In low-resource countries, FT is used as the default treatment strategy, though it is associated with lower success rates and a higher rate of bleeding and embolic complications. There are no randomized trials comparing the two modalities. METHODS We performed a single center randomized controlled trial comparing urgent surgery (valve replacement or thrombectomy) with FT (low-dose, slow infusion tissue plasminogen activator, tPA) in patients with symptomatic left-sided PVT. The primary outcome was the occurrence of a complete clinical response, defined as discharge from hospital with completely restored valve function, in the absence of stroke, major bleeding or non-CNS systemic embolism. Outcome assessment was done by investigators blinded to treatment allocation. The principal safety outcome was the occurrence of a composite of in-hospital death, non-fatal stroke, non-fatal major bleed or non-CNS systemic embolism. Outcomes will be assessed both in the intention-to-treat, and in the as-treated population. We will also report outcomes at one year of follow-up. The trial has completed recruitment. CONCLUSION This is the first randomized trial to compare urgent surgery with FT for the treatment of left-sided PVT. The results will provide evidence to help clinicians make treatment choices for these patients. (Clinical trial registration: CTRI/2017/10/010159).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Velayoudam Devagourou
- Cardiothoracic Sciences Centre, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Milind P Hote
- Cardiothoracic Sciences Centre, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Palleti Rajashekar
- Cardiothoracic Sciences Centre, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Bharathraj Kidambi
- Cardiothoracic Sciences Centre, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Aayush Singal
- Cardiothoracic Sciences Centre, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Mohsin Raj Mantoo
- Cardiothoracic Sciences Centre, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Manoj Soni
- The George Institute of Global Health, New Delhi, India
| | - Gaurav Purohit
- Cardiothoracic Sciences Centre, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Sandeep Singh
- Cardiothoracic Sciences Centre, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Ganesan Karthikeyan
- Cardiothoracic Sciences Centre, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India; Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad, Haryana, India.
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8
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Haraf R, Atkinson T, Elizabeth Le DT, Arora B. Mechanical Tricuspid Valve Thrombosis Successfully Treated With Tissue Plasminogen Activator. JACC Case Rep 2024; 29:102180. [PMID: 38361569 PMCID: PMC10865125 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaccas.2023.102180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
Prosthetic mechanical valve thrombosis has traditionally been managed with urgent surgical intervention. However, the risk of redo sternotomy can be prohibitively high in some patients. Thrombolytic therapy as a noninvasive treatment of mechanical valve thrombosis is a well-recognized alternative, but optimal dosing and patient selection remain incompletely characterized for right-side mechanical valves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Haraf
- Department of Cardiology, VA Portland Health Care System, Portland, Oregon, USA
- Knight Cardiovascular Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Tamara Atkinson
- Department of Cardiology, VA Portland Health Care System, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | | | - Bhaskar Arora
- Department of Cardiology, VA Portland Health Care System, Portland, Oregon, USA
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Gorantla R, Albaeni A, Choudhry MW, Conti V, Lick S, Khalife WI, Chatila K. A low-dose thrombolytic infusion protocol for safe and successful treatment of left ventricular assist device thrombosis: a case series. Eur Heart J Case Rep 2024; 8:ytae001. [PMID: 38249117 PMCID: PMC10799658 DOI: 10.1093/ehjcr/ytae001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Background Pump thrombosis is a serious complication of continuous-flow left ventricular assist device (CF-LVAD) therapy. In this study, we aim to report a novel protocol of an intermittent, low-dose, and slow infusion of tissue plasminogen activator (alteplase). Case summary We treated seven LVAD pump thrombosis events (HeartMate® II and HeartWare) in four patients with a median age of 52 years (31-63), and all were female. The protocol was applied from January 2015 to December 2018, and it consisted of an intermittent, low-dose, and slow infusion of systemic thrombolytic therapy in the intensive care unit. This therapy resulted in successful resolution of pump thrombosis in six out of seven events. Bleeding complication occurred in one patient, which included a ruptured haemorrhagic ovarian cyst and a small cerebellar intra-parenchymal haemorrhage. All patients were discharged home in a stable condition, except one patient who died during hospitalization because of severe sepsis, pump thrombosis with subsequent pump exchange, and multi-organ failure. Discussion A low-dose, prolonged, and systemic thrombolytic infusion protocol is an effective and relatively safe treatment that can lead to a sustained resolution of pump thrombosis with low bleeding complications and failure rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramakrishna Gorantla
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Lutheran Hospital, Fort Wayne, IN, USA
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, 301 University Blvd, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Aiham Albaeni
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, 301 University Blvd, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Muhammad W Choudhry
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, St Joseph Medical Center, Stockton, CA, USA
| | - Vincent Conti
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Scott Lick
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Wissam I Khalife
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, 301 University Blvd, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Khaled Chatila
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, 301 University Blvd, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
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Aykan AÇ, Gökdeniz T, Gül İ, Kalaycıoğlu E, Karabay CY, Boyacı F, Hatem E, Weingart SD, Dursun İ. Reduced-Dose Systemic Fibrinolysis in Massive Pulmonary Embolism: A Pilot Study. Clin Exp Emerg Med 2023; 10:280-286. [PMID: 37188358 PMCID: PMC10579734 DOI: 10.15441/ceem.23.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Severe pulmonary embolism (PE) has a high mortality rate, which can be lowered by thrombolytic therapy (TT). However, full-dose TT is associated with major complications, including life-threatening bleeding. The aim of this study was to explore the efficacy and safety of extended, low-dose administration of tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) on in-hospital mortality and outcomes in massive PE. METHODS This was a single-center, prospective cohort trial at a tertiary university hospital. A total of 37 consecutive patients with massive PE were included. A peripheral intravenous infusion was used to administer 25 mg of tPA over 6 hours. The primary endpoints were in-hospital mortality, major complications, pulmonary hypertension, and right ventricular dysfunction. The secondary endpoints were 6-month mortality and pulmonary hypertension and right ventricular dysfunction 6 months after the PE. RESULTS The mean age of the patients was 68.76±14.54 years. The mean pulmonary artery systolic pressure (PASP; 56.51±7.34 mmHg vs. 34.16±2.81 mmHg, P<0.001) and right/left ventricle diameter (1.37±0.12 vs. 0.99±0.12, P<0.001) decreased significantly after TT. Tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (1.43±0.33 cm vs. 2.07±0.27 cm, P<0.001), myocardial performance index (0.47±0.08 vs. 0.55±0.07, P<0.001), and systolic wave prime (9.6±2.8 vs. 15.3±2.6) increased significantly after TT. No major bleeding or stroke was observed. There was one in-hospital death and two additional deaths within 6 months. No cases of pulmonary hypertension were identified during follow-up. CONCLUSION The results of this pilot study suggest that an extended infusion of low-dose tPA is a safe and effective therapy in patients with massive PE. This protocol was also effective in decreasing PASP and restoring right ventricular function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmet Çağrı Aykan
- Department of Cardiology, University of Health Sciences Ahi Evren Chest Cardiovascular Surgery Education and Research Hospital, Trabzon, Turkey
- Department Cardiology, Kahramanmaras Sütcü Imam University Faculty of Medicine, Kahramanmaras, Turkey
| | - Tayyar Gökdeniz
- Department of Cardiology, University of Health Sciences Ahi Evren Chest Cardiovascular Surgery Education and Research Hospital, Trabzon, Turkey
| | - İlker Gül
- Department of Cardiology, University of Health Sciences Ahi Evren Chest Cardiovascular Surgery Education and Research Hospital, Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Ezgi Kalaycıoğlu
- Department of Cardiology, University of Health Sciences Ahi Evren Chest Cardiovascular Surgery Education and Research Hospital, Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Can Yücel Karabay
- Department of Cardiology, University of Health Sciences Doktor Siyami Ersek Education and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Faruk Boyacı
- Department of Cardiology, University of Health Sciences Ahi Evren Chest Cardiovascular Surgery Education and Research Hospital, Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Engin Hatem
- Department of Cardiology, University of Health Sciences Ahi Evren Chest Cardiovascular Surgery Education and Research Hospital, Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Scott D. Weingart
- Division of Emergency Critical Care, Nassau University Medical Center, East Meadow, NY, USA
| | - İhsan Dursun
- Department of Cardiology, University of Health Sciences Ahi Evren Chest Cardiovascular Surgery Education and Research Hospital, Trabzon, Turkey
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11
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Soria Jiménez CE, Papolos AI, Kenigsberg BB, Ben-Dor I, Satler LF, Waksman R, Cohen JE, Rogers T. Management of Mechanical Prosthetic Heart Valve Thrombosis: JACC Review Topic of the Week. J Am Coll Cardiol 2023; 81:2115-2127. [PMID: 37225366 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2023.03.412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Mechanical prosthetic heart valves, though more durable than bioprostheses, are more thrombogenic and require lifelong anticoagulation. Mechanical valve dysfunction can be caused by 4 main phenomena: 1) thrombosis; 2) fibrotic pannus ingrowth; 3) degeneration; and 4) endocarditis. Mechanical valve thrombosis (MVT) is a known complication with clinical presentation ranging from incidental imaging finding to cardiogenic shock. Thus, a high index of suspicion and expedited evaluation are essential. Multimodality imaging, including echocardiography, cine-fluoroscopy, and computed tomography, is commonly used to diagnose MVT and follow treatment response. Although surgery is oftentimes required for obstructive MVT, other guideline-recommended therapies include parenteral anticoagulation and thrombolysis. Transcatheter manipulation of stuck mechanical valve leaflet is another treatment option for those with contraindications to thrombolytic therapy or prohibitive surgical risk or as a bridge to surgery. The optimal strategy depends on degree of valve obstruction and the patient's comorbidities and hemodynamic status on presentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- César E Soria Jiménez
- Division of Cardiology, MedStar Washington/Georgetown University Hospital Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Alexander I Papolos
- Division of Cardiology, MedStar Washington/Georgetown University Hospital Center, Washington, DC, USA; Department of Critical Care Medicine, MedStar Washington Hospital Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Benjamin B Kenigsberg
- Division of Cardiology, MedStar Washington/Georgetown University Hospital Center, Washington, DC, USA; Department of Critical Care Medicine, MedStar Washington Hospital Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Itsik Ben-Dor
- Section of Interventional Cardiology, MedStar Washington Hospital Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Lowell F Satler
- Section of Interventional Cardiology, MedStar Washington Hospital Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Ron Waksman
- Section of Interventional Cardiology, MedStar Washington Hospital Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Jeffrey E Cohen
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, MedStar Washington Hospital Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Toby Rogers
- Section of Interventional Cardiology, MedStar Washington Hospital Center, Washington, DC, USA; Cardiovascular Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
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12
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Tiron AT, Briceag AF, Moraru L, Bălăceanu LA, Dina I, Caravia L. Management of Postpartum Extensive Venous Thrombosis after Second Pregnancy. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2023; 59:medicina59050871. [PMID: 37241103 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59050871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Background: Pregnancy induces a physiological prothrombotic state. The highest risk period for venous thromboembolism and pulmonary embolism in pregnant women is during the postpartum period. Materials and Methods: We present the case of a young woman who gave birth 2 weeks before admission and was transferred to our clinic for edema. She had an increased temperature in her right limb, and a venous Doppler of the limb confirmed thrombosis of the right femoral vein. From the paraclinical examination, we obtained a CBC with leukocytosis, neutrophilia, and thrombocytosis, and a positive D-dimer test. Thrombophilic tests were negative for AT III, lupus anticoagulant negative, and protein S and C, but were positive for heterozygous PAI-1, heterozygous MTHFR A1298C, and EPCR with A1/A2 alleles. After 2 days of UFH with therapeutic APTT, the patient had pain in her left thigh. We performed a venous Doppler, which revealed bilateral femoral and iliac venous thrombosis. During the computed tomography examination, we assessed the venous thrombosis extension on the inferior cava, common iliac, and bilateral common femoral veins. Thrombolysis was initiated with 100 mg of Alteplase given at a rate of 2 mg/h; however, this did not lead to a considerable reduction in the thrombus. Additionally, the treatment with UFH was continued under therapeutic APTT. After 7 days of UFH and triple antibiotic therapy for genital sepsis, the patient had a favorable evolution with remission of venous thrombosis. Results: Alteplase is a thrombolytic agent that is created with recombinant DNA technology, and it was successfully used to treat thrombosis that occurred in the postpartum period. Conclusions: Thrombophilias are associated with a high VTE risk but also with adverse pregnancy outcomes, including recurrent miscarriages and gestational vascular complications. In addition, the postpartum period is associated with a higher VTE risk. A thrombophilic status with heterozygous PAI-1, heterozygous MTHFR A1298C, and EPCR with A1/A2 positive alleles is associated with a high risk of thrombosis and cardiovascular events. Thrombolysis can be successfully used postpartum to treat VTEs. Thrombolysis can be used successfully in VTE developed in the postpartum period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreea Taisia Tiron
- Faculty of Medicine, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Cardiology, "St. John" Emergency Hospital, 13 Vitan Barzesti Street, 042122 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Anca Filofteia Briceag
- Department of Cardiology, "St. John" Emergency Hospital, 13 Vitan Barzesti Street, 042122 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Liviu Moraru
- Department of Anatomy, "George Emil Palade" University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Sciences and Technology, 540142 Targu Mures, Romania
| | - Lavinia Alice Bălăceanu
- Faculty of Medicine, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Internal Medicine, "St. John" Emergency Hospital, 13 Vitan Barzesti Street, 042122 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ion Dina
- Faculty of Medicine, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Gastroenterology, "St. John" Emergency Hospital, 13 Vitan Barzesti Street, 042122 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Laura Caravia
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Biology and Histology, Department of Morphological Sciences "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
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Lester W, Walker N, Bhatia K, Ciantar E, Banerjee A, Trinder J, Anderson J, Hodson K, Swan L, Bradbury C, Webster J, Tower C. British Society for Haematology guideline for anticoagulant management of pregnant individuals with mechanical heart valves. Br J Haematol 2023. [PMID: 37487690 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.18781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Will Lester
- Centre for Clinical Haematology, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust Birmingham UK
| | - Niki Walker
- Department of Cardiology Golden Jubilee National Hospital West of Scotland Regional Heart and Lung Centre Clydebank UK
| | - Kailash Bhatia
- Department of Anaesthetics Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust Manchester UK
| | - Etienne Ciantar
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust Leeds UK
| | - Anita Banerjee
- Guy's and Saint Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, Women's Services London UK
| | - Joanna Trinder
- Department of Obstetrics University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust Bristol UK
| | | | - Kenneth Hodson
- Department of Maternity Newcastle Upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust Newcastle Upon Tyne UK
| | - Lorna Swan
- Department of Cardiology Golden Jubilee National Hospital West of Scotland Regional Heart and Lung Centre Clydebank UK
| | - Charlotte Bradbury
- Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol Bristol UK
- Bristol Haematology and Oncology Centre Bristol UK
| | - Juliette Webster
- Department of Maternity Birmingham Women's and Children's NHS Foundation Trust Birmingham UK
| | - Clare Tower
- Department of Obstetric and Maternal and Fetal Medicine Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust Manchester UK
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14
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Kittleson MM, DeFilippis EM, Bhagra CJ, Casale JP, Cauldwell M, Coscia LA, D'Souza R, Gaffney N, Gerovasili V, Ging P, Horsley K, Macera F, Mastrobattista JM, Paraskeva MA, Punnoose LR, Rasmusson KD, Reynaud Q, Ross HJ, Thakrar MV, Walsh MN. Reproductive health after thoracic transplantation: An ISHLT expert consensus statement. J Heart Lung Transplant 2023; 42:e1-e42. [PMID: 36528467 DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2022.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Pregnancy after thoracic organ transplantation is feasible for select individuals but requires multidisciplinary subspecialty care. Key components for a successful pregnancy after lung or heart transplantation include preconception and contraceptive planning, thorough risk stratification, optimization of maternal comorbidities and fetal health through careful monitoring, and open communication with shared decision-making. The goal of this consensus statement is to summarize the current evidence and provide guidance surrounding preconception counseling, patient risk assessment, medical management, maternal and fetal outcomes, obstetric management, and pharmacologic considerations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle M Kittleson
- Department of Cardiology, Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California.
| | - Ersilia M DeFilippis
- Division of Cardiology, New York Presbyterian-Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Catriona J Bhagra
- Department of Cardiology, Cambridge University and Royal Papworth NHS Foundation Trusts, Cambridge, UK
| | - Jillian P Casale
- Department of Pharmacy Services, University of Maryland Medical Center, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Matthew Cauldwell
- Department of Obstetrics, Maternal Medicine Service, St George's Hospital, London, UK
| | - Lisa A Coscia
- Transplant Pregnancy Registry International, Gift of Life Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Rohan D'Souza
- Division of Maternal and Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Nicole Gaffney
- Lung Transplant Service, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Medicine, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | | | - Patricia Ging
- Department of Pharmacy, Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Kristin Horsley
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Francesca Macera
- De Gasperis Cardio Center and Transplant Center, Niguarda Hospital, Milan, Italy; Dept of Cardiology, Cliniques Universitaires de Bruxelles - Hôpital Erasme, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Joan M Mastrobattista
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine Houston, Texas
| | - Miranda A Paraskeva
- Lung Transplant Service, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Medicine, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Lynn R Punnoose
- Vanderbilt Heart and Vascular Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | | | - Quitterie Reynaud
- Cystic Fibrosis Adult Referral Care Centre, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospices civils de Lyon, Pierre Bénite, France
| | - Heather J Ross
- Peter Munk Cardiac Centre of the University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Ted Rogers Centre for Heart Research, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mitesh V Thakrar
- Department of Medicine, Division of Respirology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
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15
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Nguyen K, Prasad P, Pare E, Chadderdon S, Khan A. Thrombolytic therapy for mechanical aortic valve thrombosis in pregnancy: case report. Eur Heart J Case Rep 2022; 6:ytac461. [PMID: 36540792 PMCID: PMC9757675 DOI: 10.1093/ehjcr/ytac461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 09/10/2024]
Abstract
Background Mechanical heart valves require long-term anticoagulation strategies to prevent valve thrombosis. Pregnant women with mechanical heart valves are especially susceptible to valve thrombosis, given their procoagulant state and the complexity of anticoagulation strategies during pregnancy. We describe a case of prosthetic valve thrombosis in a pregnant woman treated successfully with low-dose slow infusion of thrombolytic therapy. Case Summary A 23-year-old pregnant woman with a mechanical aortic valve on subcutaneous enoxaparin presented to the maternal cardiac clinic for a follow-up visit. Her physical exam was notable for a loud grade three crescendo decrescendo murmur and follow-up transthoracic echocardiography revealed peak and mean gradients of 87 and 58 mmHg, respectively. The Doppler velocity index (DVI) was 0.24 with an acceleration time of 130 ms. Fluoroscopy confirmed a stuck leaflet disk. Thrombolysis was performed using a low-dose ultra-slow infusion of thrombolytic therapy (1 mg/h of tissue-type plasminogen activator) with the restoration of normal valve function after 8 days. A repeat transthoracic echocardiography showed a decrease in the peak and mean gradients to 37 and 21 mmHg, respectively, with an improvement in the DVI to 0.53. Repeat fluoroscopy confirmed the opening of both leaflet disks. Discussion Treatment options for mechanical aortic valve thrombosis are either slow-infusion, low-dose thrombolytic therapy or emergency surgery. The hypercoagulable state of pregnancy makes adequate anticoagulation, proper monitoring, and medication adherence even more critical to prevent valve thrombosis. Physicians should educate pregnant patients on anticoagulation strategies and participate in shared decision-making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khoa Nguyen
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Knight Cardiovascular Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, 3161 SW Pavilion Loop, Mail Code: UHN62, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Pooja Prasad
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Knight Cardiovascular Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, 3161 SW Pavilion Loop, Mail Code: UHN62, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Emmanuelle Pare
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Oregon Health and Sciences University, 3270 SW Pavilion Loop, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Scott Chadderdon
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Knight Cardiovascular Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, 3161 SW Pavilion Loop, Mail Code: UHN62, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Abigail Khan
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Knight Cardiovascular Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, 3161 SW Pavilion Loop, Mail Code: UHN62, Portland, OR 97239, USA
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16
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Wright JM, Bottega N, Therrien J, Hatzakorzian R, Buithieu J, Shum-Tim D, Wou K, Ghandour A, Pelletier P, Li Pi Shan W, Kaufman I, Brown R, Malhamé I. The multidisciplinary management of a mechanical mitral valve thrombosis in pregnancy: a case report and review of the literature. Eur Heart J Case Rep 2022; 6:ytac424. [PMID: 36405542 PMCID: PMC9668069 DOI: 10.1093/ehjcr/ytac424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2022] [Revised: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 08/14/2023]
Abstract
Background The management of anticoagulation for mechanical heart valves during pregnancy poses a unique challenge. Mechanical valve thrombosis is a devastating complication for which surgery is often the treatment of choice. However, cardiac surgery for prosthetic valve dysfunction in pregnant patients confers a high risk of maternofetal morbidity and mortality. Case summary A 39-year-old woman in her first pregnancy at 30 weeks gestation presented to hospital with a mechanical mitral valve thrombosis despite therapeutic anticoagulation with low-molecular-weight heparin. She underwent an emergent caesarean section followed immediately by a bioprosthetic mitral valve replacement. This occurred after careful planning and organization on the part of a large multidisciplinary team. Discussion A proactive, rather than reactive, approach to the surgical management of a mechanical valve thrombosis in pregnancy will maximize the chances of successful maternal and fetal outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer M Wright
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Natalie Bottega
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Judith Therrien
- Department of Medicine, Jewish General Hospital, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Roupen Hatzakorzian
- Department of Anaesthesia, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jean Buithieu
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Dominique Shum-Tim
- Department of Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Karen Wou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Amale Ghandour
- Department of Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Patricia Pelletier
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - William Li Pi Shan
- Department of Anaesthesia, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Ian Kaufman
- Department of Anaesthesia, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Richard Brown
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Isabelle Malhamé
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
- Center for Outcomes Research and Evaluation, Research institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
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17
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A Rare Case of Tricuspid Valve Libman–Sacks Endocarditis in a Pregnant Woman with Primary Antiphospholipid Syndrome. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11195875. [PMID: 36233742 PMCID: PMC9573308 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11195875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Antiphospholipid Antibody Syndrome (APS) is a systemic autoimmune disease characterized by acquired hypercoagulability with the possible development of venous, arterial, and microvascular thrombosis. We report a rare case of Libman–Sacks tricuspid valve endocarditis in a 38-year-old pregnant woman at 15 weeks gestation with unknown primary antiphospholipid syndrome. During a routine cardiac examination and echocardiography performed for a previous episode of pleuropericarditis, a large, mobile mass with irregular edges was found at the level of the tricuspid valve. Three main differential diagnoses for intramyocardial mass were examined: tumor, infective endocarditis, and nonbacterial thrombotic endocarditis (NTBE). Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) with contrast raised the suspicion of a thrombus. The woman was hospitalized urgently at the Cardiac Intensive Care Unit of the Federico II University Hospital, and anticoagulant and antiplatelet therapy were started. The thrombophilic screening performed and medical history confirmed the diagnosis of primary antibody syndrome (APS). A multidisciplinary consultation with obstetricians, cardiologists, anesthetists, and cardiac surgeons was required. The patient decided not to terminate the pregnancy despite the risk to her health and to undergo cardiac surgery during pregnancy. Histological examination confirmed the presence of nonbacterial thrombotic endocarditis. Weekly obstetric scans were performed after surgery to verify fetal well-being. An emergency cesarean section was performed at the 35th week of gestation due to repeated deceleration and abnormal short-term variability on c-CTG in a pregnancy complicated by fetal growth restriction and gestational hypertension. A newborn weighing 1290 g was born. She was hospitalized in Neonatal Intensive Care and discharged after two months; currently, she enjoys good health. The management of patients with antiphospholipid antibody syndrome has not yet been standardized, but there is a general consensus that patients who do not have thrombocytopenia, thromboembolic phenomena, or pregnancy should not undergo any treatment or should take only low doses of acetylsalicylic acid. In the presence of any of the above conditions, various treatment regimens have been used based on the severity and individuality of the case.
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18
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Federle L. Part
II
: Interactive case: Cardiovascular diseases in pregnancy. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CLINICAL PHARMACY 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/jac5.1689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Güner A, Akman C, Gökçe K, Güner EG, Kalçık M, Ertürk M. The role of thrombolytic therapy in pregnant patients with prosthetic valve thrombosis. J Card Surg 2022; 37:1797-1798. [PMID: 35362195 DOI: 10.1111/jocs.16467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmet Güner
- Department of Cardiology, Mehmet Akif Ersoy Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Cemalletin Akman
- Department of Cardiology, Mehmet Akif Ersoy Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Kaan Gökçe
- Department of Cardiology, Mehmet Akif Ersoy Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ezgi G Güner
- Department of Cardiology, Mehmet Akif Ersoy Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Macit Kalçık
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Hitit University, Corum, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Ertürk
- Department of Cardiology, Mehmet Akif Ersoy Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey
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20
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Pacheco LD, Saade G, Shrivastava V, Shree R, Elkayam U. Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine Consult Series #61: Anticoagulation in pregnant patients with cardiac disease. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2022; 227:B28-B43. [PMID: 35337804 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2022.03.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Pregnancy in individuals with a mechanical heart valve has been classified as very high risk because of a substantially increased risk of maternal mortality or severe morbidity. Lifelong therapeutic anticoagulation is a principal component of the medical management of mechanical heart valves to prevent valve thrombosis. Anticoagulation regimens indicated outside of pregnancy for patients with mechanical valves should be continued during pregnancy with the possibility of modifications based on the type of valve, the trimester of pregnancy, individual risk tolerance, and circumstances around the time of delivery. The purpose of this document is to provide recommendations regarding the management of anticoagulation for common cardiac conditions complicating pregnancy, including mechanical heart valves, atrial fibrillation, systolic heart failure, and congenital heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis D Pacheco
- Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine, 409 12 St. SW, Washington, DC 20024, USA.
| | - George Saade
- Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine, 409 12 St. SW, Washington, DC 20024, USA.
| | - Vineet Shrivastava
- Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine, 409 12 St. SW, Washington, DC 20024, USA.
| | - Raj Shree
- Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine, 409 12 St. SW, Washington, DC 20024, USA.
| | - Uri Elkayam
- Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine, 409 12 St. SW, Washington, DC 20024, USA.
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21
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Özkan M, Gündüz S, Güner A, Kalçık M, Gürsoy MO, Uygur B, Keleş N, Kaya H, Kılıçgedik A, Bayam E, Kalkan S, Astarcıoğlu MA, Karakoyun S, Yesin M, İnan D, Fedakar A, Sarıkaya S, Aksüt M, Onan B, Koçoğulları CU. Thrombolysis or Surgery in Patients With Obstructive Mechanical Valve Thrombosis: The Multicenter HATTUSHA Study. J Am Coll Cardiol 2022; 79:977-989. [PMID: 35272803 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2021.12.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prosthetic valve thrombosis (PVT) is one of the life-threatening complications of prosthetic heart valve replacement. Due to the lack of randomized controlled trials, the optimal treatment of PVT remains controversial between thrombolytic therapy (TT) and surgery. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to prospectively evaluate the outcomes of TT and surgery as the first-line treatment strategy in patients with obstructive PVT. METHODS A total of 158 obstructive PVT patients (women: 103 [65.2%]; median age 49 years [IQR: 39-60 years]) were enrolled in this multicenter observational prospective study. TT was performed using slow (6 hours) and/or ultraslow (25 hours) infusion of low-dose tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) (25 mg) mostly in repeated sessions. The primary endpoint of the study was 3-month mortality following TT or surgery. RESULTS The initial management strategy was TT in 83 (52.5%) patients and surgery in 75 (47.5%) cases. The success rate of TT was 90.4% with a median t-PA dose of 59 mg (IQR: 37.5-100 mg). The incidences of outcomes in surgery and TT groups were as follows: minor complications (29 [38.7%] and 7 [8.4%], respectively), major complications (31 [41.3%] and 5 [6%], respectively), and the 3-month mortality rate (14 [18.7%] and 2 [2.4%], respectively). CONCLUSIONS Low-dose and slow/ultraslow infusion of t-PA were associated with low complications and mortality and high success rates and should be considered as a viable treatment in patients with obstructive PVT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Özkan
- Koşuyolu Kartal Heart Training and Research Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Istanbul, Turkey; Ardahan University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ardahan, Turkey
| | - Sabahattin Gündüz
- Koşuyolu Kartal Heart Training and Research Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Güner
- Mehmet Akif Ersoy Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Training and Research Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Macit Kalçık
- Hitit University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Corum, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Ozan Gürsoy
- İzmir Katip Çelebi University, Atatürk Training and Research Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Begüm Uygur
- Mehmet Akif Ersoy Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Training and Research Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Nurşen Keleş
- Dr Siyami Ersek Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Training and Research Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Hasan Kaya
- Dicle University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Diyarbakir, Turkey
| | - Alev Kılıçgedik
- Koşuyolu Kartal Heart Training and Research Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Emrah Bayam
- Koşuyolu Kartal Heart Training and Research Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Semih Kalkan
- Koşuyolu Kartal Heart Training and Research Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Istanbul, Turkey
| | | | - Süleyman Karakoyun
- Kars Kafkas University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Kars, Turkey
| | - Mahmut Yesin
- Kars Kafkas University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Kars, Turkey
| | - Duygu İnan
- Dr Siyami Ersek Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Training and Research Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ali Fedakar
- Koşuyolu Kartal Heart Training and Research Hospital, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Sabit Sarıkaya
- Koşuyolu Kartal Heart Training and Research Hospital, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Aksüt
- Koşuyolu Kartal Heart Training and Research Hospital, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Burak Onan
- Mehmet Akif Ersoy Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Training and Research Hospital, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Cevdet Uğur Koçoğulları
- Dr Siyami Ersek Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Training and Research Hospital, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Istanbul, Turkey
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22
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Progress in Management of Mechanical Valve Thrombosis. J Am Coll Cardiol 2022; 79:990-992. [PMID: 35272804 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2022.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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23
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Shojaeifard M, Omidi N, Erami S, Dehghani Mohammad Abadi H, Hekmat H, Ghorashi SM, Sarrafi Rad N. Mechanical tricuspid valve thrombosis: A midterm follow‐up study. J Card Surg 2022; 37:855-864. [DOI: 10.1111/jocs.16209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Shojaeifard
- Departement of Echocardiography, Echocardiography Research Center, Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center Iran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Negar Omidi
- Department of Cardiovascular Disease Research, Tehran Heart Center (THC) Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Sajad Erami
- Departemnet of Cardiology Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences Yazd Iran
| | | | - Hamidreza Hekmat
- Interventional Cardiology, Cardiology Department, Ziaeian Hospital Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Seyyed M. Ghorashi
- Department of Cardiovascular Disease Research, Tehran Heart Center (THC) Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Negar Sarrafi Rad
- Departemnet of Echocardiography, Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center Iran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
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24
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Anticoagulation of women with congenital heart disease during pregnancy. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY CONGENITAL HEART DISEASE 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcchd.2021.100210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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25
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Kalçık M, Güner A, Kalkan S, Özkan M. Does low molecular weight heparin really protect against prosthetic valve thrombosis during pregnancy with strict anti-Xa monitoring? Taiwan J Obstet Gynecol 2021; 60:959-960. [PMID: 34507689 DOI: 10.1016/j.tjog.2021.07.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Macit Kalçık
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Hitit University, Corum, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Güner
- Department of Cardiology, University of Health Sciences, Mehmet Akif Ersoy Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Semih Kalkan
- Department of Cardiology, Koşuyolu Kartal Heart Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Özkan
- Department of Cardiology, Koşuyolu Kartal Heart Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
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26
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Güner A, Kalçık M, Özkan M. A well validated risk stratification index predicts weak material and fetal outcomes in pregnant women with cardiovascular disease. Indian Heart J 2021; 73:527. [PMID: 34474775 PMCID: PMC8424270 DOI: 10.1016/j.ihj.2021.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmet Güner
- Department of Cardiology, Mehmet Akif Ersoy Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Macit Kalçık
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Hitit University, Corum, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Özkan
- Department of Cardiology, Koşuyolu Kartal Heart Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
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27
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2020 ACC/AHA guideline for the management of patients with valvular heart disease: A report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Joint Committee on Clinical Practice Guidelines. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2021; 162:e183-e353. [PMID: 33972115 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2021.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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28
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Otto CM, Nishimura RA, Bonow RO, Carabello BA, Erwin JP, Gentile F, Jneid H, Krieger EV, Mack M, McLeod C, O'Gara PT, Rigolin VH, Sundt TM, Thompson A, Toly C. 2020 ACC/AHA Guideline for the Management of Patients With Valvular Heart Disease: A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Joint Committee on Clinical Practice Guidelines. Circulation 2021; 143:e72-e227. [PMID: 33332150 DOI: 10.1161/cir.0000000000000923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 555] [Impact Index Per Article: 185.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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29
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Otto CM, Nishimura RA, Bonow RO, Carabello BA, Erwin JP, Gentile F, Jneid H, Krieger EV, Mack M, McLeod C, O'Gara PT, Rigolin VH, Sundt TM, Thompson A, Toly C. 2020 ACC/AHA Guideline for the Management of Patients With Valvular Heart Disease: Executive Summary: A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Joint Committee on Clinical Practice Guidelines. Circulation 2021; 143:e35-e71. [PMID: 33332149 DOI: 10.1161/cir.0000000000000932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 353] [Impact Index Per Article: 117.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
AIM This executive summary of the valvular heart disease guideline provides recommendations for clinicians to diagnose and manage valvular heart disease as well as supporting documentation to encourage their use. METHODS A comprehensive literature search was conducted from January 1, 2010, to March 1, 2020, encompassing studies, reviews, and other evidence conducted on human subjects that were published in English from PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane, Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality Reports, and other selected database relevant to this guideline. Structure: Many recommendations from the earlier valvular heart disease guidelines have been updated with new evidence and provides newer options for diagnosis and treatment of valvular heart disease. This summary includes only the recommendations from the full guideline which focus on diagnostic work-up, the timing and choice of surgical and catheter interventions, and recommendations for medical therapy. The reader is referred to the full guideline for graphical flow charts, text, and tables with additional details about the rationale for and implementation of each recommendation, and the evidence tables detailing the data considered in developing these guidelines.
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30
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Otto CM, Nishimura RA, Bonow RO, Carabello BA, Erwin JP, Gentile F, Jneid H, Krieger EV, Mack M, McLeod C, O'Gara PT, Rigolin VH, Sundt TM, Thompson A, Toly C. 2020 ACC/AHA Guideline for the Management of Patients With Valvular Heart Disease: A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Joint Committee on Clinical Practice Guidelines. J Am Coll Cardiol 2021; 77:e25-e197. [PMID: 33342586 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2020.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 837] [Impact Index Per Article: 279.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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31
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Otto CM, Nishimura RA, Bonow RO, Carabello BA, Erwin JP, Gentile F, Jneid H, Krieger EV, Mack M, McLeod C, O’Gara PT, Rigolin VH, Sundt TM, Thompson A, Toly C. 2020 ACC/AHA Guideline for the Management of Patients With Valvular Heart Disease: Executive Summary. J Am Coll Cardiol 2021; 77:450-500. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2020.11.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 272] [Impact Index Per Article: 90.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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32
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Güner A, Kalçık M, Gündüz S, Gürsoy MO, Özkan M. Is fibrinolytic therapy really safe in the treatment of prosthetic valve thrombosis in patients with high INR? J Card Surg 2020; 36:779-780. [PMID: 33169437 DOI: 10.1111/jocs.15193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmet Güner
- Department of Cardiology, Mehmet Akif Ersoy Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Macit Kalçık
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Hitit University, Corum, Turkey
| | - Sabahattin Gündüz
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Bahcesehir University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Ozan Gürsoy
- Department of Cardiology, Atatürk Training and Research Hospital, Izmir Katip Çelebi University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Özkan
- School of Health Sciences, Ardahan University, Ardahan, Turkey
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Abstract
Valvular heart disease (VHD) is generally well tolerated during pregnancy; however, the dramatic changes in hemodynamics that occur during pregnancy can lead to clinical decompensation in high-risk women. Women with VHD considering pregnancy should undergo preconception counseling with a high-risk obstetrician and cardiologist to review the maternal, fetal, and obstetric risks of pregnancy and delivery. Vaginal delivery is recommended for most women with VHD. Given the complexity of managing VHD during pregnancy, women should be managed by a multidisciplinary Pregnancy Heart Team during pregnancy, consisting of a high-risk obstetrician, cardiologist, and cardiac anesthesiologist.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Lewey
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Perelman Center for Advanced Medicine, 3400 Civic Center Boulevard, 2-East Pavilion, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
| | - Lauren Andrade
- Philadelphia Adult Congenital Heart Center, University of Pennsylvania, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Perelman Center for Advanced Medicine, 3400 Civic Center Boulevard, 2- East Pavilion, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Lisa D Levine
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Maternal and Child Health Research Center, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, 3400 Spruce Street, 2 Silverstein, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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34
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Izumi C, Eishi K, Ashihara K, Arita T, Otsuji Y, Kunihara T, Komiya T, Shibata T, Seo Y, Daimon M, Takanashi S, Tanaka H, Nakatani S, Ninami H, Nishi H, Hayashida K, Yaku H, Yamaguchi J, Yamamoto K, Watanabe H, Abe Y, Amaki M, Amano M, Obase K, Tabata M, Miura T, Miyake M, Murata M, Watanabe N, Akasaka T, Okita Y, Kimura T, Sawa Y, Yoshida K. JCS/JSCS/JATS/JSVS 2020 Guidelines on the Management of Valvular Heart Disease. Circ J 2020; 84:2037-2119. [DOI: 10.1253/circj.cj-20-0135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chisato Izumi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center
| | - Kiyoyuki Eishi
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences
| | - Kyomi Ashihara
- Department of Cardiology, Tokyo Women’s Medical University Hospital
| | - Takeshi Arita
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine Heart & Neuro-Vascular Center, Fukuoka Wajiro
| | - Yutaka Otsuji
- Department of Cardiology, Hospital of University of Occupational and Environmental Health
| | - Takashi Kunihara
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, The Jikei University School of Medicine
| | - Tatsuhiko Komiya
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Kurashiki Central Hospital
| | - Toshihiko Shibata
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Osaka City University Postgraduate of Medicine
| | - Yoshihiro Seo
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences
| | - Masao Daimon
- Department of Clinical Laboratory/Cardiology, The University of Tokyo Hospital
| | | | | | - Satoshi Nakatani
- Division of Health Sciences, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Hiroshi Ninami
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Tokyo Women’s Medical University
| | - Hiroyuki Nishi
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Osaka General Medical Center
| | | | - Hitoshi Yaku
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine
| | | | - Kazuhiro Yamamoto
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University
| | | | - Yukio Abe
- Department of Cardiology, Osaka City General Hospital
| | - Makoto Amaki
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center
| | - Masashi Amano
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center
| | - Kikuko Obase
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences
| | - Minoru Tabata
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Tokyo Bay Urayasu Ichikawa Medical Center
| | - Takashi Miura
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences
| | | | - Mitsushige Murata
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Tokai University Hachioji Hospital
| | - Nozomi Watanabe
- Department of Cardiology, Miyazaki Medical Association Hospital
| | - Takashi Akasaka
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Wakayama Medical University
| | - Yutaka Okita
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Takatsuki Hospital
| | - Takeshi Kimura
- Department of Cardiology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Yoshiki Sawa
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Kiyoshi Yoshida
- Department of Cardiology, Sakakibara Heart Institute of Okayama
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35
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Farzaneh K, Mortazavi SH, Oraii A, Abbasi K, Salehi Omran A, Ahmadi Tafti SH, Bozorgi A, Kazemi Saeed A, Salarifar M, Sadeghian S. Safety of thrombolytic therapy in patients with prosthetic heart valve thrombosis who have high international normalized ratio levels. J Card Surg 2020; 35:2522-2528. [DOI: 10.1111/jocs.14777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Khadijeh Farzaneh
- Department of Cardiology, Tehran Heart Center Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | | | - Alireza Oraii
- Tehran Heart Center Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Kyomars Abbasi
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Tehran Heart Center Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Abbas Salehi Omran
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Tehran Heart Center Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | | | - Ali Bozorgi
- Department of Cardiology, Tehran Heart Center Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Ali Kazemi Saeed
- Department of Cardiology, Tehran Heart Center Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Mojtaba Salarifar
- Department of Cardiology, Tehran Heart Center Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Saeed Sadeghian
- Department of Cardiology, Tehran Heart Center Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
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36
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Güner A, Kalçık M, Güner EG, Ertürk M, Özkan M. Challenges in the management of pregnant patients with cardiovascular diseases. Heart 2020; 107:heartjnl-2020-317768. [PMID: 32958540 DOI: 10.1136/heartjnl-2020-317768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmet Güner
- Department of Cardiology, University Of Health Sciences Turkey, Istanbul Mehmet Akif Ersoy Thoracic And Cardiovascular Surgery Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Macit Kalçık
- Deparment of Cardiology, Hitit University Faculty of Medicine, Corum, Turkey
| | - Ezgi Gültekin Güner
- Cardiology, Mehmet Akif Ersoy Gogus Kalp Damar Cerrahisi Egitim Arastirma Hastanesi, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Ertürk
- Cardiology, Mehmet Akif Ersoy Gogus Kalp Damar Cerrahisi Egitim Arastirma Hastanesi, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Özkan
- Cardiology, Kartal Kosuyolu Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
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37
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Kalkan ME, Yildiz M, Ak HY, Zencirkiran Agus H, Ozsahin Y, Aykan AC, Oksen D. Safety of low-dose prolonged infusion of tissue plasminogen activator therapy in patients with thromboembolic events in the intensive care unit. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 60:86-90. [PMID: 33155945 DOI: 10.18087/cardio.2020.7.n1091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Revised: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Objective Thromboembolic events such as acute coronary syndrome related prosthetic heart valve thrombosis, pulmonary artery embolism and renal artery embolism are a rare condition but a major cause of morbidity and mortality. In this study we discussed low-dose thrombolytic therapy, in patients with thromboembolic events in the intensive care unit.Methods The study was performed on 12 consecutive patients [8 female; 50.3±16.0 (35-95) years] with acute thromboembolism including acute coronary syndrome related prosthetic heart valve thrombosis, acute pulmonary embolism and acute renal embolism who were treated with low-dose (25 mg) and slow infusion (6 hours) of t-PA. We evaluated mainly in-hospital safety and also effectiveness.Total treatment episodes was 1.66±0.88 (1-4) times.Results All thromboembolic events have been successfully treated with low-dose (25 mg) and slow infusion (6 hours) of t-PA. The success criteria were clinically improvement and radiologically lysis. None of the patients had ischemic stroke, intracranial hemorrhage, embolism (peripheral and recurrence of coronary artery embolism), bleeding requiring transfusion. The most frequent in-hospital complication was a gum bleeding without need for transfusion (two patients).Conclusions In our case series low-dose (25 mg) and slow infusion (6 hours) of t-PA have been performed successfully for thromboembolic events including acute coronary syndrome related prosthetic heart valve thrombosis, pulmonary embolism and renal embolism in patients with in the intensive care unit. Safety is promising and if efficacy will be proved; this method may be a valuable alternative to standard fibrinolytic regimen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Emin Kalkan
- University of Health Sciences Turkey, Mehmet Akif Ersoy Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery Educational and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Yildiz
- University of Health Sciences Turkey, Mehmet Akif Ersoy Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery Educational and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa Cardiology Institute, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Hulya Yilmaz Ak
- Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa Cardiology Institute, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Hicaz Zencirkiran Agus
- University of Health Sciences Turkey, Mehmet Akif Ersoy Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery Educational and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Yasemin Ozsahin
- Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa Cardiology Institute, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Cagri Aykan
- Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam University Medical Faculty, Kahramanmaras, Turkey
| | - Dogac Oksen
- Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa Cardiology Institute, Istanbul, Turkey
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38
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Güner A, Kalçık M, Gürsoy MO, Gündüz S, Astarcıoğlu MA, Bayam E, Kalkan S, Yesin M, Karakoyun S, Özkan M. Comparison of Different Anticoagulation Regimens Regarding Maternal and Fetal Outcomes in Pregnant Patients With Mechanical Prosthetic Heart Valves (from the Multicenter ANATOLIA-PREG Registry). Am J Cardiol 2020; 127:113-119. [PMID: 32375999 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2020.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Revised: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Mechanical prosthetic heart valves (MPHVs) are highly thrombogenic, and a pregnancy-induced procoagulant status increases the risk of MPHV thrombosis. Despite numerous case reports, 2 major registries and meta-analyses/systematic reviews, optimal anticoagulation therapy during pregnancy remains controversial. The goal of this study was to evaluate different anticoagulation regimens in pregnant patients with MPHVs. The outcomes of anticoagulation regimens were assessed retrospectively in pregnant women (110 women; 155 pregnancies) with MPHVs. The study population was divided into 5 groups according to anticoagulation regimens used; high-dose warfarin (>5 mg/d) throughout pregnancy (group 1), low-dose warfarin (≤5 mg/d) throughout pregnancy (group 2), low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) throughout pregnancy (group 3), first trimester LMWH, 2nd and 3rd trimester warfarin (group 4), first 2 trimester LMWH, and 3rd trimester warfarin (group 5). Of 155 pregnancies, 55 (35%) resulted in fetal loss; whereas 41 (27%) cases with abortion (miscarriage and therapeutic) and 14 (9%) stillbirths occurred. The comparison of the groups showed that the whole abortion rates including therapeutic abortion were significantly higher in Group 1, and lower in groups 3 and 5 (p <0.001). However, miscarriage rates were similar between the groups. A total of 53 pregnancies (34%) suffered from prosthetic valves thrombosis (PVT) during pregnancy or in the postpartum period. Group 2 had significantly lower rates of PVT than the other groups (p <0.001). In conclusion, the current data suggests that there is no optimal therapy, and that all managements have advantages and disadvantages. Low-dose warfarin (≤5 mg/day) regimen with therapeutic international normalized ratio levels may provide effective maternal protection throughout pregnancy with acceptable fetal outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmet Güner
- Department of Cardiology, Koşuyolu Kartal Heart Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Macit Kalçık
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Hitit University, Çorum, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Ozan Gürsoy
- Department of Cardiology, Izmir Katip Çelebi University, Atatürk Training and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Sabahattin Gündüz
- Department of Cardiology, Koşuyolu Kartal Heart Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Ali Astarcıoğlu
- Department of Cardiology, Dumlupinar University, Kutahya Evliya Celebi Education and Research Hospital, Dumlupinar, Turkey
| | - Emrah Bayam
- Department of Cardiology, Koşuyolu Kartal Heart Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Semih Kalkan
- Department of Cardiology, Koşuyolu Kartal Heart Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mahmut Yesin
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kars Kafkas University, Kars, Turkey
| | - Süleyman Karakoyun
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kars Kafkas University, Kars, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Özkan
- Department of Cardiology, Koşuyolu Kartal Heart Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey; Faculty of Health Sciences, Ardahan University, Ardahan, Turkey
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39
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Avila WS, Alexandre ERG, Castro MLD, Lucena AJGD, Marques-Santos C, Freire CMV, Rossi EG, Campanharo FF, Rivera IR, Costa MENC, Rivera MAM, Carvalho RCMD, Abzaid A, Moron AF, Ramos AIDO, Albuquerque CJDM, Feio CMA, Born D, Silva FBD, Nani FS, Tarasoutchi F, Costa Junior JDR, Melo Filho JXD, Katz L, Almeida MCC, Grinberg M, Amorim MMRD, Melo NRD, Medeiros OOD, Pomerantzeff PMA, Braga SLN, Cristino SC, Martinez TLDR, Leal TDCAT. Brazilian Cardiology Society Statement for Management of Pregnancy and Family Planning in Women with Heart Disease - 2020. Arq Bras Cardiol 2020; 114:849-942. [PMID: 32491078 PMCID: PMC8386991 DOI: 10.36660/abc.20200406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Walkiria Samuel Avila
- Instituto do Coração (Incor) do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (HC-FMUSP),São Paulo, SP - Brasil
| | | | - Marildes Luiza de Castro
- Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade Federal de Minas gerais (UFMG),Belo Horizonte, MG - Brasil
| | | | - Celi Marques-Santos
- Universidade Tiradentes,Aracaju, SE - Brasil
- Hospital São Lucas, Rede D'Or Aracaju,Aracaju, SE - Brasil
| | | | - Eduardo Giusti Rossi
- Instituto do Coração (Incor) do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (HC-FMUSP),São Paulo, SP - Brasil
| | - Felipe Favorette Campanharo
- Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Escola Paulista de Medicina (EPM),São Paulo, SP - Brasil
- Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein,São Paulo, SP - Brasil
| | | | - Maria Elizabeth Navegantes Caetano Costa
- Cardio Diagnóstico,Belém, PA - Brasil
- Centro Universitário Metropolitano da Amazônia (UNIFAMAZ),Belém, PA - Brasil
- Centro Universitário do Estado Pará (CESUPA),Belém, PA - Brasil
| | | | | | - Alexandre Abzaid
- Instituto do Coração (Incor) do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (HC-FMUSP),São Paulo, SP - Brasil
| | - Antonio Fernandes Moron
- Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Escola Paulista de Medicina (EPM),São Paulo, SP - Brasil
| | | | - Carlos Japhet da Mata Albuquerque
- Instituto de Medicina Integral Professor Fernando Figueira (IMIP), Recife, PE – Brazil
- Hospital Barão de Lucena, Recife, PE – Brazil
- Hospital EMCOR, Recife, PE – Brazil
- Diagnósticos do Coração LTDA, Recife, PE – Brazil
| | | | - Daniel Born
- Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Escola Paulista de Medicina (EPM),São Paulo, SP - Brasil
| | | | - Fernando Souza Nani
- Instituto do Coração (Incor) do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (HC-FMUSP),São Paulo, SP - Brasil
| | - Flavio Tarasoutchi
- Instituto do Coração (Incor) do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (HC-FMUSP),São Paulo, SP - Brasil
| | - José de Ribamar Costa Junior
- Hospital do Coração (HCor),São Paulo, SP - Brasil
- Instituto Dante Pazzanese de Cardiologia,São Paulo, SP - Brasil
| | | | - Leila Katz
- Instituto de Medicina Integral Professor Fernando Figueira (IMIP), Recife, PE – Brazil
| | | | - Max Grinberg
- Instituto do Coração (Incor) do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (HC-FMUSP),São Paulo, SP - Brasil
| | | | - Nilson Roberto de Melo
- Departamento de Obstetrícia e Ginecologia da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, SP – Brazil
| | | | - Pablo Maria Alberto Pomerantzeff
- Instituto do Coração (Incor) do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (HC-FMUSP),São Paulo, SP - Brasil
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40
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Essa A, Haddad T, Slattery T. Successful Fibrinolytic Therapy in a Challenging Obstructive Prosthetic Mitral Valve Thrombosis. J Investig Med High Impact Case Rep 2020; 8:2324709620921078. [PMID: 32434382 PMCID: PMC7243375 DOI: 10.1177/2324709620921078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Prosthetic valve thrombosis is a rare and severe complication of the mechanical prosthetic valve. Management can be challenging due to varying clinical presentation, overlapping features of differential diagnosis, and lack of randomized controlled trials on the therapeutic options. In this article, we report the case of a patient with a mechanical prosthetic mitral valve presented with symptoms of heart failure, and an echocardiography showing increased mean pressure gradient across the prosthesis along with a fixed posterior leaflet and a partially restricted anterior leaflet with no visible mass. That raised the concern for an obstructed prosthesis. After multimodality imaging and multidisciplinary team discussions, prosthetic valve thrombosis diagnosis was favored over other different diagnoses that included but not limited to pannus ingrowth. Fibrinolytic therapy was administrated, and the patient was discharged on optimal anticoagulation. Repeated echocardiography a month later showed normal mean gradient and normal functioning prosthetic mitral valve without the need for repeat mitral valve surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amr Essa
- Creighton University, Omaha, NE, USA
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41
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42
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Gündüz S, Kalçık M, Gürsoy MO, Güner A, Özkan M. Diagnosis, treatment & management of prosthetic valve thrombosis: the key considerations. Expert Rev Med Devices 2020; 17:209-221. [DOI: 10.1080/17434440.2020.1733972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sabahattin Gündüz
- Department of Cardiology, VM Medikal Park Pendik Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Macit Kalçık
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Hitit University, Corum, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Ozan Gürsoy
- Department of Cardiology, Izmir Katip Çelebi University Atatürk Training and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Güner
- Department of Cardiology, Mehmet Akif Ersoy Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Training & Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Özkan
- Department of Cardiology, Kosuyolu Kartal Heart Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
- School of Health Sciences, Ardahan University, Ardahan, Turkey
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43
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Morgado GJ, Cruz IR, Gomes AC, Almeida AR, Loureiro MJ, Cotrim C, Pereira H. Response to: Management of prosthetic valve thrombosis complicated by ischemic stroke in pregnancy. Rev Port Cardiol 2020; 38:835. [PMID: 32037058 DOI: 10.1016/j.repc.2020.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Carlos Cotrim
- Hospital da Cruz Vermelha Portuguesa, Lisboa, Portugal
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44
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Guner A, Kalçık M, Bayam E, Kalkan S, Ozkan M. Management of prosthetic valve thrombosis complicated by ischemic stroke in pregnancy. Rev Port Cardiol 2020; 38:833-834. [PMID: 31982264 DOI: 10.1016/j.repc.2019.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Accepted: 08/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmet Guner
- Department of Cardiology, Mehmet Akif Ersoy Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Macit Kalçık
- Department of Cardiology, Facult of Medicine, Hitit University, Corum, Turkey
| | - Emrah Bayam
- Department of Cardiology, Kosuyolu Kartal Heart Training and Research Hopital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Semih Kalkan
- Department of Cardiology, Kosuyolu Kartal Heart Training and Research Hopital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Ozkan
- Department of Cardiology, Kosuyolu Kartal Heart Training and Research Hopital, Istanbul, Turkey; School of Health Sciences, Ardahan University, Ardahan, Turkey
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45
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van Steenbergen GJ, Tsang QHY, van der Heijden OWH, van Kimmenade RRJ, Bouwmeester S, Li WWL, Verhagen AFTM. Emergency Aortic Valve Replacement in a 12-Week Pregnant Patient. JACC Case Rep 2020; 2:107-111. [PMID: 34316975 PMCID: PMC8301705 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaccas.2019.11.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Revised: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 11/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Urgent cardiac surgery was performed in a pregnant woman at 12 weeks of gestation for prosthetic valve thrombosis as result of noncompliance to anticoagulation. With this report we emphasize the importance of proper anticoagulation regimens and follow-up. (Level of Difficulty: Intermediate.)
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Affiliation(s)
- Gijs J van Steenbergen
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Queeny H Y Tsang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | | | | | - Sjoerd Bouwmeester
- Department of Cardiology, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Wilson W L Li
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Ad F T M Verhagen
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
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46
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Guner A, Kalcik M, Gunduz S, Kalkan S, Gursoy MO, Ozkan M. Low Dose and Slow/Ultra-Slow Infusion Thrombolytic Therapy Regimens are Effective and Safe in Patients With Prosthetic Valve Thrombosis. Heart Lung Circ 2019; 29:e29-e30. [PMID: 31806429 DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2019.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2019] [Accepted: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmet Guner
- Department of Cardiology, Mehmet Akif Ersoy Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Macit Kalcik
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Hitit University, Corum, Turkey
| | - Sabahattin Gunduz
- Department of Cardiology, VM Medikal Park Pendik Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Semih Kalkan
- Kosuyolu Kartal Heart Training and Research Hopital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Ozan Gursoy
- Department of Cardiology, Izmir Atatürk Training and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Ozkan
- Kosuyolu Kartal Heart Training and Research Hopital, Istanbul, Turkey; School of Health Sciences, Ardahan University, Ardahan, Turkey
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47
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Morgado GJ, Cruz IR, Gomes AC, Almeida AR, Loureiro MJ, Cotrim C, Pereira H. Response to: Management of prosthetic valve thrombosis complicated by ischemic stroke in pregnancy. REVISTA PORTUGUESA DE CARDIOLOGIA (ENGLISH EDITION) 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.repce.2020.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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48
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Management of prosthetic valve thrombosis complicated by ischemic stroke in pregnancy. REVISTA PORTUGUESA DE CARDIOLOGIA (ENGLISH EDITION) 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.repce.2019.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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49
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Flórez NA, Giraldo GC, Yara JD, Galindo-Coral S, López JD, Gomez-Mesa JE. Ultra slow thrombolysis in dysfunctional prosthetic heart valves, a controversial technique in critically ill patients not candidates for surgery. IJC HEART & VASCULATURE 2019; 25:100421. [PMID: 31535001 PMCID: PMC6743092 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcha.2019.100421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Revised: 08/29/2019] [Accepted: 09/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Noel Alberto Flórez
- Cardiology Department, Fundación Valle del Lili, Cali, Colombia.,Universidad Icesi, Cali, Colombia
| | | | - Julian David Yara
- Internal Medicine Department, Fundación Valle del Lili, Cali, Colombia
| | - Stephania Galindo-Coral
- Cardiology Department, Fundación Valle del Lili, Cali, Colombia.,Clinical Research Center, Fundación Valle del Lili, Cali, Colombia
| | - Juan David López
- Cardiology Department, Fundación Valle del Lili, Cali, Colombia.,Universidad Icesi, Cali, Colombia
| | - Juan Esteban Gomez-Mesa
- Cardiology Department, Fundación Valle del Lili, Cali, Colombia.,Universidad Icesi, Cali, Colombia
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50
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Kalkan S, Güner A, Kalçık M, Bayam E, Özkan M. Anticoagulation strategy and management of patients with mechanical prosthetic heart valves during pregnancy. J Cardiol Cases 2019; 20:69-70. [PMID: 31440316 DOI: 10.1016/j.jccase.2019.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Semih Kalkan
- Department of Cardiology, Kosuyolu Kartal Heart Training and Research Hopital, Istanbul, Turkey
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Hitit University, Corum, Turkey
- Department of Cardiology, Umraniye Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
- Department of Cardiology, Kosuyolu Kartal Heart Training and Research Hopital, Istanbul, Turkey
- School of Health Sciences, Ardahan University, Ardahan, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Güner
- Department of Cardiology, Kosuyolu Kartal Heart Training and Research Hopital, Istanbul, Turkey
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Hitit University, Corum, Turkey
- Department of Cardiology, Umraniye Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
- Department of Cardiology, Kosuyolu Kartal Heart Training and Research Hopital, Istanbul, Turkey
- School of Health Sciences, Ardahan University, Ardahan, Turkey
| | - Macit Kalçık
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Hitit University, Corum, Turkey
- Department of Cardiology, Umraniye Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
- Department of Cardiology, Kosuyolu Kartal Heart Training and Research Hopital, Istanbul, Turkey
- School of Health Sciences, Ardahan University, Ardahan, Turkey
| | - Emrah Bayam
- Department of Cardiology, Umraniye Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
- Department of Cardiology, Kosuyolu Kartal Heart Training and Research Hopital, Istanbul, Turkey
- School of Health Sciences, Ardahan University, Ardahan, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Özkan
- Department of Cardiology, Kosuyolu Kartal Heart Training and Research Hopital, Istanbul, Turkey
- School of Health Sciences, Ardahan University, Ardahan, Turkey
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