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Peighami R, Mehrnia M, Yazdian F, Sheikhpour M. Biocompatibility evaluation of polyethersulfone-pyrolytic carbon composite membrane in artificial pancreas. Biointerphases 2023; 18:021003. [PMID: 36944533 DOI: 10.1116/6.0002155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyethersulfone (PES) membranes are widely used in medical devices, especially intravascular devices such as intravascular bioartificial pancreases. In the current work, the pure PES and PES-pyrolytic carbon (PyC) composite membranes were synthesized and permeability studies were conducted. In addition, the cytocompatibility and hemocompatibility of the pure PES and PES-PyC membranes were investigated. These materials were characterized using peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) activation, platelet activation, platelet adhesion, ß-cell viability and proliferation, and ß-cell response to hyperglycemia. The results showed that platelet activation decreased from 87.3% to 27.8%. Any alteration in the morphology of sticking platelets was prevented, and the number of attached platelets decreased by modification with PyC. The 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay corroborated that PBMC activation was encouraged by the PyC-modified PES membrane surface. It can be concluded that PES-modified membranes show higher hemocompatibility than pure PES membranes. ß-cells cultured on all the three membranes displayed a lower rate of proliferation although the cells on the PES-PyC (0.1 wt. %) membrane indicated a slightly higher viability and proliferation than those on the pure PES and PES-PyC (0.05 wt. %) membranes. It shows that the PES-PyC (0.1 wt. %) membrane possesses superior cytocompatibility over the other membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Peighami
- Department of Life Science Engineering, Faculty of New Science and Technology, University of Tehran, Tehran 1439956191, Iran
| | - Mohamadreza Mehrnia
- School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran 1417614411, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Yazdian
- Department of Life Science Engineering, Faculty of New Science and Technology, University of Tehran, Tehran 1439956191, Iran
| | - Mojgan Sheikhpour
- Department of Mycobacteriology and Pulmonary Research, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Microbiology Research Center (MRC), Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran 1316943551, Iran
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Plasma cell-free RNA profiling distinguishes cancers from pre-malignant conditions in solid and hematologic malignancies. NPJ Precis Oncol 2022; 6:28. [PMID: 35468987 PMCID: PMC9038724 DOI: 10.1038/s41698-022-00270-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell-free RNA (cfRNA) in plasma reflects phenotypic alterations of both localized sites of cancer and the systemic host response. Here we report that cfRNA sequencing enables the discovery of messenger RNA (mRNA) biomarkers in plasma with the tissue of origin-specific to cancer types and precancerous conditions in both solid and hematologic malignancies. To explore the diagnostic potential of total cfRNA from blood, we sequenced plasma samples of eight hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and ten multiple myeloma (MM) patients, 12 patients of their respective precancerous conditions, and 20 non-cancer (NC) donors. We identified distinct gene sets and built classification models using Random Forest and linear discriminant analysis algorithms that could distinguish cancer patients from premalignant conditions and NC individuals with high accuracy. Plasma cfRNA biomarkers of HCC are liver-specific genes and biomarkers of MM are highly expressed in the bone marrow compared to other tissues and are related to cell cycle processes. The cfRNA level of these biomarkers displayed a gradual transition from noncancerous states through precancerous conditions and cancer. Sequencing data were cross-validated by quantitative reverse transcription PCR and cfRNA biomarkers were validated in an independent sample set (20 HCC, 9 MM, and 10 NC) with AUC greater than 0.86. cfRNA results observed in precancerous conditions require further validation. This work demonstrates a proof of principle for using mRNA transcripts in plasma with a small panel of genes to distinguish between cancers, noncancerous states, and precancerous conditions.
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Koh LB, Zuo K, Kumar GP, Ding X, Leo HL, Cui F, Charles CJ, Yang YY, Yim EKF, Ho P. Optimization of a Novel Preferential Covered Stent through Bench Experiments and in Vitro Platelet Activation Studies. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2019; 5:6216-6230. [PMID: 33405529 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.9b00763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Bare metal stenting (BMS) does not adequately address the atheroembolic characteristic of carotid artery stenosis. While simple covered stents (CS) may prevent dislodged fragments of the atherosclerotic plaque from entering the blood stream, they also block blood flow into the major branches of the artery alongside the lesion, which is not desirable. Preferential covered stents (PCS) behave as a covered stent in a tubular part of a vessel but maintain side-branch flow over the bifurcation region by means of slits in the membrane. Stent design, membrane material, and slits configuration are the three main components contributing to stent performance. Optimization of PCS designs was conducted and tested. METHODS A newly designed BMS was developed and compared to a commercially available peripheral stent. Two materials (expanded poly(tetrafluoroethylene)) and silicone polyurethane co-polymers (Elast-eon E2A) were used as stent coverings with slits applied using various cutting methods to form the PCS. These PCS samples were tested for physical resilience, flexibility, ability to preserve side-branch flow, slit edge roughness, and platelet activation. RESULTS Fabrication of E2A-coated stents required pretreatment of the stent with poly(ethylene glycol) to achieve firm attachment. The newly designed BMS with nine crowns design and larger cell size showed higher flexibility than commercially available stents. A combination of a larger stent cell size, E2A membrane coating, and three slits per stent cell unit configuration resulted in preserved side-branch flow similar to physiological conditions in the flow experiment. Slit edge roughness changed with different cutting methods and laser machine cutting parameters. In vitro studies showed platelet activation was minimal with lower slit edge roughness samples. CONCLUSION An optimized PCS prototype was developed consisting of a newly designed stent, E2A membrane, and a three-slit pattern created by specific femtosecond laser cutting.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Evelyn K F Yim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - Pei Ho
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic & Vascular Surgery, National University Health System, Singapore
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Ansari Hosseinzadeh V, Brugnara C, Emani S, Khismatullin D, Holt RG. Monitoring of blood coagulation with non-contact drop oscillation rheometry. J Thromb Haemost 2019; 17:1345-1353. [PMID: 31099102 DOI: 10.1111/jth.14486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2019] [Revised: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 05/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Thromboelastography is widely used as a tool to assess the coagulation status of critical-care patients. It allows observation of changes in the material properties of whole blood brought about by clot formation and clot lysis. However, contact activation of the coagulation cascade at surfaces of thromboelastographic systems leads to inherent variability and unreliability in predicting bleeding or thrombosis risks, while also requiring large sample volumes. OBJECTIVES To develop a non-contact drop oscillation rheometry (DOR) method to measure the viscoelastic properties of blood clots and to compare the results with current laboratory standard measurements. METHODS Drops of human blood and plasma (5-10 μL) were acoustically levitated. Acoustic field modulation induced drop shape oscillations, and the viscoelastic properties of the sample were calculated by measuring the resonance frequency and damping ratio. RESULTS DOR showed sensitivity to coagulation parameters. An increase in platelet count resulted in an increase in the maximum clot stiffness. An increase in the calcium ion level enhanced the coagulation rate prior to saturation. An increase in hematocrit resulted in a higher rate of clot formation and increased clot stiffness. Comparison of the results with those obtained with thromboelastography showed that coagulation started sooner with DOR, but with a lower rate and lower maximum stiffness. CONCLUSIONS DOR can be used as a monitoring tool to assess blood coagulation status. The advantages of small sample size, the lack of contact and small strain (linear viscoelasticity) makes this technique unique for real-time monitoring of blood coagulation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Carlo Brugnara
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Sirisha Emani
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Damir Khismatullin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - R Glynn Holt
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts
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Modeling sensitivity and uncertainties in platelet activation models applied on centrifugal pumps for extracorporeal life support. Sci Rep 2019; 9:8809. [PMID: 31217491 PMCID: PMC6584555 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-45121-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Two platelet activation models were studied with respect to uncertainties of model parameters and variables. The sensitivity was assessed using two direct/deterministic approaches as well as the statistical Monte Carlo method. The first two, are linear in character whereas the latter is non-linear. The platelet activation models were applied on platelets moving within an extracorporeal centrifugal blood pump. The phenomenological, Lagrangian stress- and time-based power law-based models under consideration, have experimentally calibrated parameters and the stress expressed in a scalar form. The sensitivity of the model with respect to model parameters and the expression of the scalar stress was examined focusing on a smaller group of platelets associated with an elevated risk of activation. The results showed a high disparity between the models in terms of platelet activation state, found to depend on the platelets’ trajectory in the pump and the expression used for the scalar stress. Monte Carlo statistics was applied to the platelets at risk for activation and not to the entire platelet population. The method reveals the non-linear sensitivity of the activation models. The results imply that power-law based models have a restricted range of validity. The conclusions of this study apply to both platelet activation and hemolysis models.
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Hosseinzadeh VA, Brugnara C, Holt RG. Shape oscillations of single blood drops: applications to human blood and sickle cell disease. Sci Rep 2018; 8:16794. [PMID: 30429489 PMCID: PMC6235873 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-34600-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Accepted: 10/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Sickle cell disease (SCD) is an inherited blood disorder associated with severe anemia, vessel occlusion, poor oxygen transport and organ failure. The presence of stiff and often sickle-shaped red blood cells is the hallmark of SCD and is believed to contribute to impaired blood rheology and organ damage. Most existing measurement techniques of blood and red blood cell physical properties require sample contact and/or large sample volume, which is problematic for pediatric patients. Acoustic levitation allows rheological measurements in a single drop of blood, simultaneously eliminating the need for both contact containment and manipulation of samples. The technique shows that the shape oscillation of blood drops is able to assess blood viscosity in normal and SCD blood and demonstrates an abnormally increased viscosity in SCD when compared with normal controls. Furthermore, the technique is sensitive enough to detect viscosity changes induced by hydroxyurea treatment, and their dependence on the total fetal hemoglobin content of the sample. Thus this technique may hold promise as a monitoring tool for assessing changes in blood rheology in sickle cell and other hematological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Carlo Brugnara
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - R Glynn Holt
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Boston University, 110 Cummington Mall, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.
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Yu K, Andruschak P, Yeh HH, Grecov D, Kizhakkedathu JN. Influence of dynamic flow conditions on adsorbed plasma protein corona and surface-induced thrombus generation on antifouling brushes. Biomaterials 2018; 166:79-95. [PMID: 29549767 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2018.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2017] [Revised: 02/27/2018] [Accepted: 03/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The information regarding the nature of protein corona (and its changes) and cell binding on biomaterial surface under dynamic conditions is critical to dissect the mechanism of surface-induced thrombosis. In this manuscript, we investigated the nature of protein corona and blood cell binding in heparinized recalcified human plasma, platelet rich plasma and whole blood on three highly hydrophilic antifouling polymer brushes, (poly(N, N-dimethylacrylamide) (PDMA), poly(2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine) (PMPC) and poly[N-(2-hydroxypropyl) methacrylamide] (PHPMA) using an in vitro blood loop model at comparable arterial and venous flow, and static conditions. A fluid dynamics model was used initially to better understand the resulting flow patterns in a vertical channel containing the substrates to arrive at the placement of the substrates within the blood loop. The protein binding on the brush modified substrates was determined using ellipsometry, fluorescence microscopy and the nature of the protein corona was investigated using mass spectrometry based proteomics. The flow elevated fouling on brush coated surface from blood. The extent of plasma protein adsorption and platelet adhesion onto PDMA brush was lower than other surfaces in both static and flow conditions. The profiles of adsorbed protein corona showed strong dependence on the test conditions (static vs. flow), and the chemistry of the polymer brushes. Specially, the PDMA brush under flow conditions was more enriched with coagulation proteins, complement proteins, vitronectin and fibronectin but was less enriched with serum albumin. Apolipoprotein B-100 and complement proteins were the most abundant proteins seen on PMPC and PHPMA surfaces under both flow and static conditions, respectively. Unlike PDMA brush, the flow conditions did not affect the composition of protein corona on PMPC and PHPMA brushes. The nature of the protein corona formed in flow conditions influenced the platelet and red blood cell binding. The dependence of shear stress on platelet adhesion from platelet rich plasma and whole blood highlights the contribution of red blood cells in enhancing platelet adhesion on the surface under high shear condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Yu
- Centre for Blood Research and Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Paula Andruschak
- Centre for Blood Research and Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada; Department of Materials Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Han Hung Yeh
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada; Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Dana Grecov
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada; Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Jayachandran N Kizhakkedathu
- Centre for Blood Research and Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada; Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada.
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Saini A, Serrano K, Koss K, Unsworth LD. Evaluation of the hemocompatibility and rapid hemostasis of (RADA)4 peptide-based hydrogels. Acta Biomater 2016; 31:71-79. [PMID: 26654763 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2015.11.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2015] [Revised: 11/19/2015] [Accepted: 11/28/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
(RADA)4 peptides are promising biomaterials due to their high degree of hydration (<99.5% (w/v)), programmability at the molecular level, and their subsequent potential to respond to external stimuli. Interestingly, these peptides have also demonstrated the ability to cause rapid (∼15s) hemostasis when applied directly to wounds. General hemocompatibility of (RADA)4 nanofibers was investigated systematically using clot formation kinetics, C3a generation, and platelet activation (morphology and CD62P) studies. (RADA)4 nanofibers caused a rapid clot formation, but yielded a low platelet activation and low C3a activation. The study suggests that the rapid hemostasis observed when these materials are employed results principally from humoral coagulation, despite these materials having a net neutral charge and high hydration at physiological conditions. The observed rapid hemostasis may be induced due to the available nanofiber surface area within the hydrogel construct. In conclusion, our experiments strongly support further development of (RADA)4 peptide based biomaterials. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Biomedicine based applications of (RADA)4 peptides are being extensively studied for the purpose of improving drug carriers, and 3D peptide nanofiber scaffolds. However, this peptide's biocompatibility has not been investigated till now. One particular study has reported a revolutionary and very desirable ability of (RADA)4 peptide to achieve complete and rapid hemostasis, nevertheless, the literature remains inconclusive on the underlying molecular mechanism. In this manuscript we bridge these two main knowledge gaps by providing the much needed systematic biocompatibility analysis (morphology analysis, platelet and C3a activation) of the (RADA)4 based hydrogels, and also investigate the underlying hemostatic mechanism of this peptide-induced hemostasis. Our work not only provides the much-needed biocompatibility of the peptide for applicative research, but also explores the molecular mechanism of hemostasis, which will help us design novel biomaterials to achieve hemostasis.
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Sheriff J, Claiborne TE, Tran PL, Kothadia R, George S, Kato YP, Pinchuk L, Slepian MJ, Bluestein D. Physical Characterization and Platelet Interactions under Shear Flows of a Novel Thermoset Polyisobutylene-based Co-polymer. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2015; 7:22058-22066. [PMID: 26398588 PMCID: PMC4608843 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b07254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Over the years, several polymers have been developed for use in prosthetic heart valves as alternatives to xenografts. However, most of these materials are beset with a variety of issues, including low material strength, biodegradation, high dynamic creep, calcification, and poor hemocompatibility. We studied the mechanical, surface, and flow-mediated thrombogenic response of poly(styrene-coblock-4-vinylbenzocyclobutene)-polyisobutylene-poly(styrene-coblock-4-vinylbenzocylcobutene) (xSIBS), a thermoset version of the thermoplastic elastomeric polyolefin poly(styrene-block-isobutylene-block-styrene) (SIBS), which has been shown to be resistant to in vivo hydrolysis, oxidation, and enzymolysis. Uniaxial tensile testing yielded an ultimate tensile strength of 35 MPa, 24.5 times greater than that of SIBS. Surface analysis yielded a mean contact angle of 82.05° and surface roughness of 144 nm, which was greater than for poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) and poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA). However, the change in platelet activation state, a predictor of thrombogenicity, was not significantly different from PCL and PMMA after fluid exposure to 1 dyn/cm(2) and 20 dyn/cm(2). In addition, the number of adherent platelets after 10 dyn/cm(2) flow exposure was on the same order of magnitude as PCL and PMMA. The mechanical strength and low thrombogenicity of xSIBS therefore suggest it as a viable polymeric substrate for fabrication of prosthetic heart valves and other cardiovascular devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jawaad Sheriff
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794-8151, USA
| | - Thomas E. Claiborne
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794-8151, USA
| | - Phat L. Tran
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
| | - Roshni Kothadia
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794-8151, USA
| | - Sheela George
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794-8151, USA
| | | | | | - Marvin J. Slepian
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794-8151, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
- Sarver Heart Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
| | - Danny Bluestein
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794-8151, USA
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Li XM, Li HZ, Wang SP, Huang HM, Huang HH, Ai HJ, Xu J. MRI-compatible Nb-60Ta-2Zr alloy used for vascular stents: haemocompatibility and its correlation with protein adsorption. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2014; 42:385-95. [PMID: 25063132 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2014.05.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2014] [Revised: 04/29/2014] [Accepted: 05/23/2014] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Nb-60Ta-2Zr is a newly developed MRI-compatible alloy used for vascular stents. In this work, its haemocompatibility was investigated, including platelet adhesion (lactate dehydrogenase activity), platelet activation (P-selectin expression), coagulation and haemolysis. For comparison, parallel assessments for these factors were performed for the niobium, tantalum, 316L stainless steel (316L SS) and L605 Co-Cr alloy (L605). In addition, albumin and fibrinogen were selected to examine the correlation of protein adsorption with platelet adhesion and metal surface properties. The propensity for platelet adhesion and activation on the Nb-60Ta-2Zr alloy was at nearly the same level as that for Nb and Ta but was slightly less than those of 316L SS and L605. The mitigated platelet adhesion and activation of the Nb-60Ta-2Zr alloy is associated with its decreased adsorption of fibrinogen. The Nb-60Ta-2Zr alloy has a longer clotting time and exhibits significantly superior thromboresistance than 316L SS and L605. Moreover, the haemolysis rate of the Nb-60Ta-2Zr alloy satisfies the bio-safety requirement of the ISO 10993-4 standard. The favourable haemocompatiblity of the Nb-60Ta-2Zr alloy provides evidence of its good biocompatibility and of its suitability as a candidate stent material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiu-Mei Li
- School of Stomatology, China Medical University, 117 Nanjing North Street, Shenyang 110002, China
| | - Hui-Zhe Li
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 72 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Shao-Ping Wang
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 72 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Hsun-Miao Huang
- Biomaterials & Electrochemistry Lab, Department of Dentistry, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei City 112, Taiwan
| | - Her-Hsiung Huang
- Biomaterials & Electrochemistry Lab, Department of Dentistry, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei City 112, Taiwan
| | - Hong-Jun Ai
- School of Stomatology, China Medical University, 117 Nanjing North Street, Shenyang 110002, China.
| | - Jian Xu
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 72 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China.
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Hemocompatibility study of a bacterial cellulose/polyvinyl alcohol nanocomposite. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2013; 111:493-502. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2013.06.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2013] [Revised: 06/14/2013] [Accepted: 06/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Perales-Alcacio J, Santa-Olalla Tapia J, Mojica-Cardoso C, Vargas-Coronado R, Chan-Chan L, Headen D, García A, Cervantes-Uc J, Cauich-Rodríguez J. HUVEC biocompatibility and platelet activation of segmented polyurethanes prepared with either glutathione or its amino acids as chain extenders. JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE-POLYMER EDITION 2013; 24:1601-17. [DOI: 10.1080/09205063.2013.782804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J.L.A. Perales-Alcacio
- a Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán, A.C., Unidad de Materiales , Calle 43 No. 130, Col. Chuburná de Hidalgo. C.P. 97200, Mérida , Yucatán , Mexico
| | - J. Santa-Olalla Tapia
- b Unidad de Diagnóstico y Medicina Molecular , Hospital del Niño Morelense , Cuernavaca , Morelos , Mexico
- c Facultad de Medicina , Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos , Cuernavaca , Morelos , Mexico
| | - C. Mojica-Cardoso
- b Unidad de Diagnóstico y Medicina Molecular , Hospital del Niño Morelense , Cuernavaca , Morelos , Mexico
| | - R.F. Vargas-Coronado
- a Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán, A.C., Unidad de Materiales , Calle 43 No. 130, Col. Chuburná de Hidalgo. C.P. 97200, Mérida , Yucatán , Mexico
| | - L.H. Chan-Chan
- a Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán, A.C., Unidad de Materiales , Calle 43 No. 130, Col. Chuburná de Hidalgo. C.P. 97200, Mérida , Yucatán , Mexico
| | - D.M. Headen
- d Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering , Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology , Atlanta , USA
| | - A.J. García
- d Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering , Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology , Atlanta , USA
| | - J.M. Cervantes-Uc
- a Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán, A.C., Unidad de Materiales , Calle 43 No. 130, Col. Chuburná de Hidalgo. C.P. 97200, Mérida , Yucatán , Mexico
| | - J.V. Cauich-Rodríguez
- a Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán, A.C., Unidad de Materiales , Calle 43 No. 130, Col. Chuburná de Hidalgo. C.P. 97200, Mérida , Yucatán , Mexico
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He Q, Gong K, Ao Q, Ma T, Yan Y, Gong Y, Zhang X. Positive charge of chitosan retards blood coagulation on chitosan films. J Biomater Appl 2011; 27:1032-45. [PMID: 22207609 DOI: 10.1177/0885328211432487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In this study, a series of chitosan films with different protonation degrees were prepared by deacidification with NaOH aqueous or ethanol solutions. The films were then used as a model to investigate the effects of the positive charge of chitosan on blood coagulation. The results showed that the positive charge of chitosan acted as a double-edged sword, in that it promoted erythrocyte adhesion, fibrinogen adsorption, and platelet adhesion and activation, but inhibited activation of the contact system. In contrast to prevailing views, we found that the positive charge of chitosan retarded thrombin generation and blood coagulation on these films. At least two reasons were responsible for this phenomenon. First, the positive charge inhibited the contact activation, and second, the positive charge could not significantly promote the activation of non-adherent platelets in the bulk phase during the early stage of coagulation. The present findings improve our understanding of the events leading to blood coagulation on chitosan films, which will be useful for the future development of novel chitosan-based hemostatic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing He
- State Key Laboratory of Biomembrane and Membrane Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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14
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Platelet inhibition and endothelial cell adhesion on elastin-like polypeptide surface modified materials. Biomaterials 2011; 32:5790-800. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2011.04.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2011] [Accepted: 04/23/2011] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Sinn S, Scheuermann T, Deichelbohrer S, Ziemer G, Wendel HP. A novel in vitro model for preclinical testing of the hemocompatibility of intravascular stents according to ISO 10993-4. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2011; 22:1521-1528. [PMID: 21604053 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-011-4335-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2011] [Accepted: 04/27/2011] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Subacute stent thrombosis, caused by undesired interactions between blood and the stent surface, is a major concern in the first few weeks following coronary artery stent implantation. The aim of this study was to establish a novel in vitro model for hemocompatibility testing of coronary artery stents according to ISO 10993-4. The model consists of a modified Chandler-Loop design with closed heparin-coated PVC Loops and a thermostated water bath. The tests were performed with anticoagulated human whole blood. After incubation in the loop, blood was analyzed for coagulation and inflammatory activation markers (TAT, β-TG, sP-selectin, SC5b-9 and PMN-elastase). Three different stent types with varying thrombogenicity were tested; statistically significant differences were found between the three stent types in measures of coagulation and platelet activation. The new Chandler-Loop model can be used as an alternative to animal and current in vitro models, especially for the determination of early events after stent implantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Sinn
- Division of Congenital & Pediatric Cardiac Surgery, University Children's Hospital, Clinical Research Laboratory, Calwerstr. 7/1, 72076 Tubingen, Germany
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16
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Meng N, Zhang SQ, Zhou NL, Shen J. Biopolymer-modified graphite oxide nanocomposite films based on benzalkonium chloride-heparin intercalated in graphite oxide. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2010; 21:185101. [PMID: 20378948 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/21/18/185101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Heparin is a potent anticoagulant agent that interacts strongly with antithrombin III to prevent the formation of fibrin clots. In the present work, poly(dimethylsiloxane)(PDMS)/graphite oxide-benzalkonium chloride-heparin (PDMS/modified graphite oxide) nanocomposite films were obtained by the solution intercalation technique as a possible drug delivery system. The heparin-benzalkonium chloride (BAC-HEP) was intercalated into graphite oxide (GO) layers to form GO-BAC-HEP (modified graphite oxide). Nanocomposite films were characterized by XRD, SEM, TEM, ATR-FTIR and TGA. The modified graphite oxide was observed to be homogeneously dispersed throughout the PDMS matrix. The effect of modified graphite oxide on the mechanical properties of the nanocomposite film was investigated. When the modified graphite oxide content was lower than 0.2 wt%, the nanocomposites showed excellent mechanical properties. Furthermore, nanocomposite films become delivery systems that release heparin slowly to make the nanocomposite films blood compatible. The in vitro studies included hemocompatibility testing for effects on platelet adhesion, platelet activation, plasma recalcification profiles, and hemolysis. Results from these studies showed that the anticoagulation properties of PDMS/GO-BCA-HEP nanocomposite films were greatly superior to those for no treated PDMS. Cell culture assay indicated that PDMS/GO-BCA-HEP nanocomposite films showed enhanced cell adhesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Meng
- Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Function Materials, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210046, People's Republic of China
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17
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Yim EKF, Sefton MV. Amidine surface modification of poly(acrylonitrile-co-vinyl chloride) reduces platelet adhesion. J Biomed Mater Res A 2009; 89:780-90. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.32022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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18
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Chen Z, Cheng S, Xu K. Block poly(ester-urethane)s based on poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-4-hydroxybutyrate) and poly(3-hydroxyhexanoate-co-3-hydroxyoctanoate). Biomaterials 2009; 30:2219-30. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2008.12.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2008] [Accepted: 12/29/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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19
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Platelet function in intravascular device implant-induced intimal injury. CARDIOVASCULAR REVASCULARIZATION MEDICINE 2008; 9:78-87. [PMID: 18486081 DOI: 10.1016/j.carrev.2007.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2007] [Revised: 12/03/2007] [Accepted: 12/04/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Platelets are involved in the rapid response to intimal injury in which the underlying thrombogenic subendothelial matrix is exposed, leading to platelet adhesion, secretion, aggregation, and initiation of arterial thrombus formation. The platelet activation pathway involves a multistep process of distinct receptors, adhesive ligands, release of mediators, receptor-ligand interactions, and recruitment of more platelets to the site of injury. The balance between blood fluidity and intimal injury-induced arterial thrombosis is maintained by an intact endothelium that controls vessel tone, synthesizes inhibitors and activators of platelet function, and thereby allows the free flow of blood cell elements. An intravascular device implant causes intimal injury, which is accompanied by decreased antithrombotic potential of the endothelial cells and increased release of prothrombotic substances. A trigger for the formation of intimal injury-induced thrombus formation may be due to endothelial dysfunction and/or the loss of endothelial cell barrier between the subendothelial matrix and flowing blood, which allows initiation of platelet activation. A thorough understanding of the platelet regulatory mechanisms is necessary to develop effective antiplatelet therapy to prevent the complications of thrombosis following revascularization procedures using percutaneous coronary intervention. This review summarizes the temporal events following intravascular device implants, including endothelial cell injury, platelet activation, receptor-mediated signaling events, platelet-rich thrombus formation, and the redundant platelet pathways, all of which may be potential therapeutic targets.
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20
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Ferraz N, Carlsson J, Hong J, Ott MK. Influence of nanoporesize on platelet adhesion and activation. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2008; 19:3115-3121. [PMID: 18414999 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-008-3449-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2008] [Accepted: 04/03/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
In this study we have evaluated the influence of biomaterial nano-topography on platelet adhesion and activation. Nano-porous alumina membranes with pore diameters of 20 and 200 nm were incubated with whole blood and platelet rich plasma. Platelet number, adhesion and activation were determined by using a coulter hematology analyzer, scanning electron microscopy, immunocytochemical staining in combination with light microscopy and by enzyme immunoassay. Special attention was paid to cell morphology, microparticle generation, P-selectin expression and beta-TG production. Very few platelets were found on the 200 nm alumina as compared to the 20 nm membrane. The platelets found on the 20 nm membrane showed signs of activation such as spread morphology and protruding filipodia as well as P-selectin expression. However no microparticles were detected on this surface. Despite the fact that very few platelets were found on the 200 nm alumina in contrast to the 20 nm membrane many microparticles were detected on this surface. Interestingly, all microparticles were found inside circular shaped areas of approximately 3 mum in diameter. Since this is the approximate size of a platelet we speculate that this is evidence of transient, non-adherent platelet contact with the surface, which has triggered platelet microparticle generation. To the authors knowledge, this is the first study that demonstrates how nanotexture can influence platelet microparticle generation. The study highlights the importance of understanding molecular and cellular events on nano-level when designing new biomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Ferraz
- Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, Division of Surface Biotechnology, Uppsala University, BMC, Husarg. 3, Box 577, Uppsala 751 23, Sweden
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21
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Kainthan RK, Janzen J, Kizhakkedathu JN, Devine DV, Brooks DE. Hydrophobically derivatized hyperbranched polyglycerol as a human serum albumin substitute. Biomaterials 2008; 29:1693-704. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2007.11.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2007] [Accepted: 11/24/2007] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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22
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Procházková R, Andrýs C, Hubáčková L, Krejsek J. Markers of platelet activation and apoptosis in platelet concentrates collected by apheresis. Transfus Apher Sci 2007; 37:115-23. [DOI: 10.1016/j.transci.2007.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2006] [Revised: 02/01/2007] [Accepted: 03/21/2007] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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23
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Motlagh D, Allen J, Hoshi R, Yang J, Lui K, Ameer G. Hemocompatibility evaluation of poly(diol citrate)in vitro for vascular tissue engineering. J Biomed Mater Res A 2007; 82:907-16. [PMID: 17335023 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.31211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
One of the ongoing challenges in tissue engineering is the synthesis of a hemocompatible vascular graft. Specifically, the material used in the construct should have antithrombogenic properties and support the growth of vascular cells. Our laboratory has designed a novel biodegradable, elastomeric copolymer, poly(1,8-octanediol citrate) (POC), with mechanical and degradation properties suitable for vascular tissue engineering. The hemocompatibility of POC in vitro and its ability to support the attachment and differentiation of human aortic endothelial cell (HAEC) was assessed. The thrombogenicity and inflammatory potential of POC were assessed relative to poly(l-lactide-co-glycolide) and expanded poly(tetrafluoroethylene), as they have been used in FDA-approved devices for blood contact. Specifically, platelet aggregation and activation, protein adsorption, plasma clotting, and hemolysis were investigated. To assess the inflammatory potential of POC, the release of IL-1beta and TNF-alpha from THP-1 cells was measured. The cell compatibility of POC was assessed by confirming HAEC differentiation and attachment under flow conditions. POC exhibited decreased platelet adhesion and clotting relative to control materials. Hemolysis was negligible and protein adsorption was comparable to reference materials. IL-1beta and TNF-alpha release from THP-1 cells was comparable among all materials tested, suggesting minimal inflammatory potential. POC supported HAEC differentiation and attachment without any premodification of the surface. The results described herein are encouraging and suggest that POC is hemocompatible and an adequate candidate biomaterial for in vivo vascular tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delara Motlagh
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, USA
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24
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Yim EKF, Liao IC, Leong KW. Tissue compatibility of interfacial polyelectrolyte complexation fibrous scaffold: evaluation of blood compatibility and biocompatibility. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007; 13:423-33. [PMID: 17518574 PMCID: PMC2440513 DOI: 10.1089/ten.2006.0113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Interfacial polyelectrolyte complexation (PEC) fiber has been proposed as a biostructural unit and biological construct for tissue engineering applications, with its ability to incorporate proteins, drug molecules, DNA nanoparticles, and cells. In this study, we evaluated the biocompatibility and blood compatibility of PEC fiber in order to assess its potential for in vivo applications in tissue engineering. Although chitosan-alginate PEC fibrous scaffold was found to be thrombogenic, the blood compatibility of the scaffold could be significantly improved by incorporating a small amount of heparin in the polyelectrolyte solution during fiber formation. The platelet microparticle production and platelet adhesion on the chitosan-alginate-heparin fibrous scaffold were comparable to those on the resting control. In vitro cytotoxicity test showed that the scaffold was not toxic to human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs). In the in vivo biocompatibility test in rats, no acute inflammation was observed in the subcutaneously or intramuscularly implanted specimens. Good cell infiltration and vascularization were observed after 2 months of implantations. Enhanced extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition was observed when hMSCs were cultured in the transforming growth factor-beta3 (TGF-beta3)-encapsulated PEC fibrous scaffold in vitro, or when the TGF-beta3-encapsulated PEC was implanted intramuscularly in vivo. The results showed that this versatile PEC fibrous scaffold could be used in various tissue engineering applications for its good biocompatible and blood compatible properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evelyn K F Yim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, USA
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25
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Motlagh D, Yang J, Lui KY, Webb AR, Ameer GA. Hemocompatibility evaluation of poly(glycerol-sebacate) in vitro for vascular tissue engineering. Biomaterials 2006; 27:4315-24. [PMID: 16675010 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2006.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 266] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2006] [Accepted: 04/01/2006] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Poly(glycerol-sebacate) (PGS) is an elastomeric biodegradable polyester that could potentially be used to engineer blood vessels in vivo. However, its blood-material interactions are unknown. The objectives of this study were to: (a) fabricate PGS-based biphasic tubular scaffolds and (b) assess the blood compatibility of PGS in vitro in order to get some insight into its potential use in vivo. PGS was incorporated into biphasic scaffolds by dip-coating glass rods with PGS pre-polymer. The thrombogenicity (platelet adhesion and aggregation) and inflammatory potential (IL-1beta and TNFalpha expression) of PGS were evaluated using fresh human blood and a human monocyte cell line (THP-1). The activation of the clotting system was assessed via measurement of tissue factor expression on THP-1 cells, plasma recalcification times, and whole blood clotting times. Glass, tissue culture plastic (TCP), poly(l-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA), and expanded polytetrafluorethylene (ePTFE) were used as reference materials. Biphasic scaffolds with PGS as the blood-contacting surface were successfully fabricated. Relative to glass (100%), platelet attachment on ePTFE, PLGA and PGS was 61%, 100%, and 28%, respectively. PGS elicited a significantly lower release of IL-1beta and TNFalpha from THP-1 cells than ePTFE and PLGA. Similarly, relative to all reference materials, tissue factor expression by THP-1 cells was decreased when exposed to PGS. Plasma recalcification and whole blood clotting profiles of PGS were comparable to or better than those of the reference polymers tested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delara Motlagh
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Room E310, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
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26
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Kainthan RK, Janzen J, Levin E, Devine DV, Brooks DE. Biocompatibility Testing of Branched and Linear Polyglycidol. Biomacromolecules 2006; 7:703-9. [PMID: 16529404 DOI: 10.1021/bm0504882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 313] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Polyglycidols are flexible hydrophilic polyethers that are potentially biocompatible polymers based on their similarities to the well-studied poly(ethyleneglycol). Polyglycidols can be prepared as branched or linear polymers by suitable synthetic methods. Biocompatibility testing of these polymers conducted in vitro as well as in vivo are reported here. The in vitro studies included hemocompatibility testing for effects on coagulation (PT and APTT), complement activation, red blood cell aggregation, and whole blood viscosity measurements. In vitro cytotoxicity experiments were also conducted. The results were compared with some of the common biocompatible polymers already in human use. Results from these studies show that polyglycidols are highly biocompatible. Hyperbranched polyglycidols were found to be well tolerated by mice even when injected in high doses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajesh Kumar Kainthan
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Chemistry and Centre for Blood Research, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 2B5, Canada
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27
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Matowicka-Karna J, Kemona H, Dymicka-Piekarska V, Butkiewicz A. Activation of blood platelets in echinococcosis — CD62P and CD63 expression. Parasitol Res 2005; 98:214-7. [PMID: 16333666 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-005-0038-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2005] [Accepted: 09/26/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Matowicka-Karna
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland.
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28
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Olson KJ, Ahmadzadeh H, Arriaga EA. Within the cell: analytical techniques for subcellular analysis. Anal Bioanal Chem 2005; 382:906-17. [PMID: 15928950 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-005-3135-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2004] [Revised: 01/28/2005] [Accepted: 01/31/2005] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
This review covers recent developments in the preparation, manipulation, and analyses of subcellular environments. In particular, it highlights approaches for (1) separation and detection of individual organelles, (2) preparation of ultra-pure organelle fractions, and (3) utilization of novel labeling strategies. These approaches, based on innovative technologies such as microfluidics, immunoisolation, mass spectrometry and electrophoresis, suggest that subcellular analyses will soon become as commonplace as single cell and bulk cellular assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen J Olson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Minnesota, 312 Church Street SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
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29
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Hansson KM, Tosatti S, Isaksson J, Wetterö J, Textor M, Lindahl TL, Tengvall P. Whole blood coagulation on protein adsorption-resistant PEG and peptide functionalised PEG-coated titanium surfaces. Biomaterials 2005; 26:861-72. [PMID: 15353197 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2004.03.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2003] [Accepted: 03/29/2004] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate whole blood coagulation on low blood plasma protein adsorbing surfaces. For this purpose, the polycationic graft copolymer poly(L-lysine)-g-poly(ethylene glycol) (PLL-g-PEG), PLL-g-PEG grafted with a cell adhesive peptide containing the amino acid sequence -Arg-Gly-Asp- (RGD), and PLL-g-PEG with a control peptide -Arg-Asp-Gly- (RDG) were adsorbed onto titanium (oxide), forming stable monomolecular adlayers through electrostatic attraction. Free oscillation rheometry and complementary techniques were used to measure the coagulation time (CT) and other interactions of the surfaces with native whole blood, recalcified platelet-rich plasma (PRP), and recalcified citrated platelet-free plasma (PFP). The results show that the uncoated titanium surfaces (reference) activated platelets and quickly triggered the coagulation cascade via the intrinsic pathway, whereas the PLL-g-PEG surfaces displayed a prolonged CT, approximately 2-3 times longer compared to uncoated titanium. We hypothesise that blood coagulates outside the vascular system independent of low protein adsorption to or activation by surfaces, due to the absence of an active down-regulation of procoagulative processes by the vascular endothelium.
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30
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Gorbet MB, Sefton MV. Biomaterial-associated thrombosis: roles of coagulation factors, complement, platelets and leukocytes. Biomaterials 2005; 25:5681-703. [PMID: 15147815 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2004.01.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 857] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2003] [Accepted: 01/19/2004] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Our failure to produce truly non-thrombogenic materials may reflect a failure to fully understand the mechanisms of biomaterial-associated thrombosis. The community has focused on minimizing coagulation or minimizing platelet adhesion and activation. We have infrequently considered the interactions between the two although we are generally familiar with these interactions. However, we have rarely considered in the context of biomaterial-associated thrombosis the other major players in blood: complement and leukocytes. Biomaterials are known agonists of complement and leukocyte activation, but this is frequently studied only in the context of inflammation. For us, thrombosis is a special case of inflammation. Here we summarize current perspectives on all four of these components in thrombosis and with biomaterials and cardiovascular devices. We also briefly highlight a few features of biomaterial-associated thrombosis that are not often considered in the biomaterials literature: The importance of tissue factor and the extrinsic coagulation system. Complement activation as a prelude to platelet activation and its role in thrombosis. The role of leukocytes in thrombin formation. The differing time scales of these contributions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maud B Gorbet
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, 4 Taddle Creek Road, Room 407D, Toronto, Ont., Canada M5S 3G9
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31
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Nguyen KT, Su SH, Sheng A, Wawro D, Schwade ND, Brouse CF, Greilich PE, Tang L, Eberhart RC. In vitro hemocompatibility studies of drug-loaded poly-(L-lactic acid) fibers. Biomaterials 2004; 24:5191-201. [PMID: 14568436 DOI: 10.1016/s0142-9612(03)00451-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Our objective was to evaluate the hemocompatibility of biodegradable stent fibers, employing a closed-loop circulation system filled with human blood. We also investigated the effects of the anti-inflammatory and anti-proliferative drugs curcumin and paclitaxel, incorporated into stent fibers. Fresh whole blood was circulated in four parallel closed-loop systems: the empty tube circuit (control) and tubes containing either a PLLA fiber coil (PLLA), a curcumin-loaded PLLA coil (C-PLLA) or a paclitaxel-loaded PLLA coil (P-PLLA). The influence of PLLA fiber, alone or loaded with drug incorporated during melt-extrusion, on leukocyte and platelet adhesion and activation was determined by flow cytometry. The effects of blood flow and fiber properties on cell deposition were assessed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The flow cytometry results clearly demonstrated that PLLA triggers blood cell activation at the site of deployment, as shown by increases in CD11b, CD62P and leukocyte-platelet aggregates, compared to controls. Curcumin and paclitaxel treatments both significantly reduced leukocyte and platelet activation and adhesion to PLLA fibers, as shown by flow cytometry and SEM. Activated leukocytes and platelets revealed significantly lower CD11b and CD62P receptor binding for C-PLLA compared with PLLA alone, and slightly lower for P-PLLA. Reductions in platelet-leukocyte aggregates were observed as well. In addition, there was less leukocyte and platelet adhesion to C-PLLA, compared with PLLA fiber controls, as shown by SEM. A continuous linear thrombus, composed of platelets, leukocytes, red blood cells and fibrin was occasionally detected along the line of tangency between the coil and the tube wall. Flow separation and eddying, proximal and distal to the line of tangency of coil and tube, is thought to contribute to this deposit. Curcumin was more effective than paclitaxel in reducing leukocyte and platelet activation and adhesion to PLLA stent fibers in this setting. However there was evidence of paclitaxel degeneration during melt extrusion that may have inhibited its effectiveness. Incorporation of the anti-inflammatory and anti-proliferative drug curcumin into bioresorbable stent fibers is proposed to prevent thrombosis and in-stent restenosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- K T Nguyen
- Joint Program in Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas and The University of Texas at Arlington, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
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Wetterö J, Tengvall P, Bengtsson T. Platelets stimulated by IgG-coated surfaces bind and activate neutrophils through a selectin-dependent pathway. Biomaterials 2003; 24:1559-73. [PMID: 12559816 DOI: 10.1016/s0142-9612(02)00543-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Blood platelets bind rapidly to foreign surfaces and interact with adsorbed proteins and neutrophil granulocytes. We demonstrate by use of luminol-amplified chemiluminescence under stirred and non-stirred conditions that platelets at IgG-coated surfaces amplify the neutrophil extracellular release of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The neutrophil response involved tyrosine phosphorylation, but was only in part induced by neutrophil F(c gamma)-receptor stimulation. The platelet mediated effects were contact-dependent since the respiratory burst was inhibited when the IgG-stimulated platelets were removed by filtration, but not when they were fixed in paraformaldehyde. Bodipyphallacidin-staining of filamentous actin (F-actin) revealed that an actin-dependent platelet adhesion supported the subsequent adhesion and spreading of neutrophils. The neutrophil ROS-response was lowered when the interaction between platelet P-selectin (CD62P) and neutrophil P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-l (PSGL-1 or CD162) was inhibited. The blocking of L-selectin (CD62L) or blocking of the interaction between platelet glycoprotein (Gp) IIb/IIIa and neutrophil complement receptor 3 (CR3) showed no effect. We conclude that platelet activation on immobilized IgG trigger a contact-dependent "frustrated" phagocytosis by neutrophils, associated with a release of toxic ROS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Wetterö
- Division of Applied Physics, Department of Physics and Measurement Technology, Biology and Chemistry, Linköping University, SE-581 83 Linköping, Sweden.
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