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Cui HS, Joo SY, Lee SY, Cho YS, Kim DH, Seo CH. Effect of Hypertrophic Scar Fibroblast-Derived Exosomes on Keratinocytes of Normal Human Skin. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076132. [PMID: 37047109 PMCID: PMC10094451 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Epidermal keratinocytes are highly activated, hyper-proliferated, and abnormally differentiated in the post-burn hypertrophic scar (HTS); however, the effects of scar fibroblasts (SFs) on keratinocytes through cell-cell interaction in HTS remain unknown. Here, we investigated the effects of HTSF-derived exosomes on the proliferation and differentiation of normal human keratinocytes (NHKs) compared with normal fibroblasts (NFs) and their possible mechanism to provide a reference for clinical intervention of HTS. Fibroblasts were isolated and cultured from HTS and normal skin. Both HTSF-exosomes and NF-exosomes were extracted via a column-based method from the cell culture supernatant. NHKs were treated for 24 or 48 h with 100 μg/mL of cell-derived exosomes. The expression of proliferation markers (Ki-67 and keratin 14), activation markers (keratins 6, 16, and 17), differentiation markers (keratins 1 and 10), apoptosis factors (Bax, Bcl2, caspase 14, and ASK1), proliferation/differentiation regulators (p21 and p27), and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers (E-cadherin, N-cadherin, and vimentin) was investigated. Compared with NF-exosomes, HTSF-exosomes altered the molecular pattern of proliferation, activation, differentiation, and apoptosis, proliferation/differentiation regulators of NHKs, and EMT markers differently. In conclusion, our findings indicate that HTSF-derived exosomes may play a role in the epidermal pathological development of HTS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Song Cui
- Burn Institute, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Hangang Sacred Heart Hospital, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Seoul 07247, Republic of Korea
| | - So Young Joo
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Hangang Sacred Heart Hospital, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Seoul 07247, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Yeol Lee
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Hospital, Bucheon 14158, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon Soo Cho
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Hangang Sacred Heart Hospital, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Seoul 07247, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Hyun Kim
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Seoul 05355, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheong Hoon Seo
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Hangang Sacred Heart Hospital, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Seoul 07247, Republic of Korea
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Phage-Displayed Peptide of Keratinocyte Growth Factor and Its Biological Effects on Epidermal Cells. Int J Pept Res Ther 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10989-019-09873-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Bacakova M, Pajorova J, Broz A, Hadraba D, Lopot F, Zavadakova A, Vistejnova L, Beno M, Kostic I, Jencova V, Bacakova L. A two-layer skin construct consisting of a collagen hydrogel reinforced by a fibrin-coated polylactide nanofibrous membrane. Int J Nanomedicine 2019; 14:5033-5050. [PMID: 31371945 PMCID: PMC6636191 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s200782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Repairs to deep skin wounds continue to be a difficult issue in clinical practice. A promising approach is to fabricate full-thickness skin substitutes with functions closely similar to those of the natural tissue. For many years, a three-dimensional (3D) collagen hydrogel has been considered to provide a physiological 3D environment for co-cultivation of skin fibroblasts and keratinocytes. This collagen hydrogel is frequently used for fabricating tissue-engineered skin analogues with fibroblasts embedded inside the hydrogel and keratinocytes cultivated on its surface. Despite its unique biological properties, the collagen hydrogel has insufficient stiffness, with a tendency to collapse under the traction forces generated by the embedded cells. Methods: The aim of our study was to develop a two-layer skin construct consisting of a collagen hydrogel reinforced by a nanofibrous poly-L-lactide (PLLA) membrane pre-seeded with fibroblasts. The attractiveness of the membrane for dermal fibroblasts was enhanced by coating it with a thin nanofibrous fibrin mesh. Results: The fibrin mesh promoted the adhesion, proliferation and migration of the fibroblasts upwards into the collagen hydrogel. Moreover, the fibroblasts spontaneously migrating into the collagen hydrogel showed a lower tendency to contract and shrink the hydrogel by their traction forces. The surface of the collagen was seeded with human dermal keratinocytes. The keratinocytes were able to form a basal layer of highly mitotically-active cells, and a suprabasal layer. Conclusion: The two-layer skin construct based on collagen hydrogel with spontaneously immigrated fibroblasts and reinforced by a fibrin-coated nanofibrous membrane seems to be promising for the construction of full-thickness skin substitute.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marketa Bacakova
- Department of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Julia Pajorova
- Department of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
- 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Antonin Broz
- Department of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Daniel Hadraba
- Department of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
- Department of Anatomy and Biomechanics, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Frantisek Lopot
- Department of Anatomy and Biomechanics, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Anna Zavadakova
- Biomedical Center, Medical Faculty in Pilsen, Charles University, Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Lucie Vistejnova
- Biomedical Center, Medical Faculty in Pilsen, Charles University, Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Milan Beno
- Institute of Experimental Endocrinology, Biomedical Research Center of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Ivan Kostic
- Institute of Informatics, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Vera Jencova
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Liberec, Liberec, Czech Republic
| | - Lucie Bacakova
- Department of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
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Bage T, Edymann T, Metcalfe AD, Dheansa B, Mbundi L. Ex vivo culture of keratinocytes on papillary and reticular dermal layers remodels skin explants differently: towards improved wound care. Arch Dermatol Res 2019; 311:647-652. [PMID: 31168656 PMCID: PMC6736903 DOI: 10.1007/s00403-019-01941-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2018] [Revised: 03/11/2019] [Accepted: 05/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we characterised the effect that seeding keratinocytes on the papillary and reticular dermis had on the extracellular matrix and tissue integrity ex vivo. Human skin explants from consented patients (n = 6) undergoing routine surgery were cultured at a liquid-air interface, dermal-side up, and autologous keratinocytes seeded on the exposed papillary or reticular layer. After 7-21 days, histological and immunohistochemical evaluation of the morphology and extracellular matrix was performed. While the dermis remained robust in all explants cultures, keratinocytes seeded on the papillary layer showed less tissue infiltration and remodelling and formed clusters across the tissue. In contrast, keratinocytes seeded on the reticular layer infiltrated the tissue homogenously with an intact single-cell-layer surface coverage and structural changes characterised by increased deposition of ground substance, glycosaminoglycans, and collagen VII in 14 days. In addition, while the papillary section showed more new laminin deposition by 14 days than the reticular section, the latter expressed more connexin 43. These differences in re-epithelialisation and extracellular matrix characteristics suggest that wound depth and graft thickness may play a key role in wound healing and indicate that ECM characteristics should be factored in when designing biomaterials for wound applications and in the selection of recipient sites when using cells for grafting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy Bage
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, University Road, Southampton, SO17 1BD, UK.,Blond McIndoe Research Foundation, Queen Victoria Hospital, Holtye Road, East Grinstead, RH19 3DZ, UK
| | - Trevor Edymann
- Blond McIndoe Research Foundation, Queen Victoria Hospital, Holtye Road, East Grinstead, RH19 3DZ, UK
| | - Anthony D Metcalfe
- Blond McIndoe Research Foundation, Queen Victoria Hospital, Holtye Road, East Grinstead, RH19 3DZ, UK.,Healthcare Technologies Institute, School of Chemical Engineering, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Birmingham, Mindelsohn Way, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TH, UK
| | - Baljit Dheansa
- Plastic Surgery and Burns, Queen Victoria Hospital, East Grinstead, RH19 3DZ, UK
| | - Lubinda Mbundi
- Blond McIndoe Research Foundation, Queen Victoria Hospital, Holtye Road, East Grinstead, RH19 3DZ, UK. .,Department of Surgical Research, Northwick Park Institute for Medical Research, University College London (UCL), Northwick Park & St Marks Hospitals, Watford Road, Harrow, HA1 3UJ, UK.
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Mh Busra F, Rajab NF, Tabata Y, Saim AB, B.H. Idrus R, Chowdhury SR. Rapid treatment of full‐thickness skin loss using ovine tendon collagen typeIscaffold with skin cells. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2019; 13:874-891. [DOI: 10.1002/term.2842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2017] [Revised: 02/07/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Fauzi Mh Busra
- Tissue Engineering CentreUKM Medical Centre Kuala Lumpur Malaysia
| | - Nor Fadilah Rajab
- Biomedical Science Programme, School of Diagnostic and Applied Health Sciences, Faculty of Health SciencesUniversiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Kuala Lumpur Malaysia
| | - Yasuhiko Tabata
- Laboratory of Biomaterials, Department of Regeneration Science and Engineering, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical SciencesKyoto University Kyoto Japan
| | - Aminuddin B. Saim
- Tissue Engineering CentreUKM Medical Centre Kuala Lumpur Malaysia
- Ear, Nose and Throat Consultant ClinicAmpang Puteri Specialist Hospital Ampang Malaysia
| | - Ruszymah B.H. Idrus
- Tissue Engineering CentreUKM Medical Centre Kuala Lumpur Malaysia
- Department of Physiology, UKM Medical Centre Kuala Lumpur Malaysia
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Pomari E, Valle LD, Pertile P, Colombo L, Thornton MJ. Intracrine sex steroid synthesis and signaling in human epidermal keratinocytes and dermal fibroblasts. FASEB J 2014; 29:508-24. [DOI: 10.1096/fj.14-251363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Elena Pomari
- Centre for Skin SciencesSchool of Life Sciences University of BradfordBradfordUnited Kingdom
- Comparative Endocrinology LaboratoryDepartment of BiologyUniversity of PadovaPaduaItaly
| | - Luisa Dalla Valle
- Comparative Endocrinology LaboratoryDepartment of BiologyUniversity of PadovaPaduaItaly
| | | | - Lorenzo Colombo
- Comparative Endocrinology LaboratoryDepartment of BiologyUniversity of PadovaPaduaItaly
| | - M. Julie Thornton
- Centre for Skin SciencesSchool of Life Sciences University of BradfordBradfordUnited Kingdom
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Keratinocyte growth factor phage model peptides can promote human oral mucosal epithelial cell proliferation. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2013; 116:e92-7. [PMID: 23313229 DOI: 10.1016/j.oooo.2011.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2011] [Revised: 12/05/2011] [Accepted: 12/15/2011] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to find keratinocyte growth factor (KGF) mimic peptides by a phage display library screening and to analyze their effects on proliferation of human oral mucosal epithelial cells (HOMECs). STUDY DESIGN A phage display library was screened by anti-KGF antibody. ELISA was performed to select monoclonal phages with higher binding activity. The promotion of the phage model peptides on HOMEC proliferation were analyzed by MTT and their cell affinities were confirmed by immunofluorescence assay. Their effect on KGFR, human beta-defensin 3, c-Fos, and c-Jun in HOMEC were analyzed by quantitative real-time PCR. RESULTS Two model peptides with higher affinity with HOMEC were found to have promotive activity on cell proliferation, similar to that of KGF. These 2 model peptides have no KGF-like promotion effect on the expression of c-Fos and c-Jun. CONCLUSIONS The 2 phage model peptides can promote the proliferation of HOMEC in vitro without tumorigenic effects, which suggests their possible usages in oral mucosal wound healing.
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Alexaki VI, Simantiraki D, Panayiotopoulou M, Rasouli O, Venihaki M, Castana O, Alexakis D, Kampa M, Stathopoulos EN, Castanas E. Adipose Tissue-Derived Mesenchymal Cells Support Skin Reepithelialization through Secretion of KGF-1 and PDGF-BB: Comparison with Dermal Fibroblasts. Cell Transplant 2012; 21:2441-54. [DOI: 10.3727/096368912x637064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Epidermal organization and homeostasis are regulated by mesenchymal influences through paracrine actions. Until today, dermal fibroblasts (DFs) are used in the “dermal” layer to support keratinocyte growth in vitro in dermal and skin substitutes. In the present work, we used human adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal cells (ADMCs) as a support of keratinocyte growth in vitro (in monolayer culture and in 3D skin cell culture models) and in vivo (mouse wound healing models) and compared our findings with those obtained using dermal fibroblasts. ADMCs induce reepithelialization during wound healing more efficiently than DFs, by enhancing keratinocyte proliferation through cell cycle progression, and migration. This effect is mediated (at least partially) by a paracrine action of KGF-1 and PDGF-BB, which are more prominently expressed in ADMCs than in DFs. Furthermore, replacement of DFs by ADMCs in the dermal compartment of organotypic skin cultures leads to an artificial epidermis resembling to that of normal skin, concerning the general histology, although with a higher expression of cytokeratins 5 and 19. In Rag1 knockout mice, ADMCs induced a more rapid reepithelialization and a more effective wound healing, compared to dermal fibroblasts. In conclusion, we provide evidence that ADMCs can serve as supportive cells for primary keratinocyte cultures. In addition, because of their abundance and the great cell yield achieved during ADMC isolation, they represent an interesting cell source, with potential aspects for clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vassilia-Ismini Alexaki
- Department of Experimental Endocrinology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Despoina Simantiraki
- Department of Experimental Endocrinology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Marianna Panayiotopoulou
- Department of Experimental Endocrinology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Olga Rasouli
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Maria Venihaki
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Ourania Castana
- Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Department, Evaggelismos General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Alexakis
- Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Department, Evaggelismos General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Marilena Kampa
- Department of Experimental Endocrinology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | | | - Elias Castanas
- Department of Experimental Endocrinology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
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Xu K, Kleinbeck KR, Kao WJ. Multifunctional Biomaterial Matrix for Advanced Wound Healing. Adv Wound Care (New Rochelle) 2012; 1:75-80. [PMID: 24527284 DOI: 10.1089/wound.2011.0349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2011] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Modern wound dressings provide a moist healing environment and facilitate faster and higher quality of healing. A new semi-interpenetrating network (sIPN) biomaterial platform based on poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) and gelatin was developed as a multi-functional matrix for wound care. THE PROBLEM Besides providing a moist environment and facilitating the healing process, advanced wound dressings may be designed to serve as delivery matrices for drugs and therapeutic cells. New and effective treatments should also comply with clinical settings and be easy to use. No single treatment exists today that can fulfill all these requirements; however, advancement in multifunctional biomaterial design and development holds promise to fill this technology gap. BASIC/CLINICAL SCIENCE ADVANCES PEG + gelatin sIPN provides an ideal platform for fundamental research in cell-cell and cell-biomaterial interaction that is important in wound healing. The in situ forming ability of sIPN facilitates its use in large and irregular wounds with complex contours and crevices. CLINICAL CARE RELEVANCE Although various commercially available wound dressings have been produced, a low-cost, easy-to-use, and biofunctionalizable biomaterial that provides a moist environment and facilitates healing is still a target of active tissue regeneration research. CONCLUSION Extensive preclinical data support the use of in situ polymerized sIPN in advanced wound care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kedi Xu
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Division, School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin—Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering and Instrumental Science, Zhejiang University, People's Republic of China
| | - Kyle R. Kleinbeck
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Division, School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin—Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Weiyuan John Kao
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Division, School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin—Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Wisconsin—Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin—Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
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Iriyama S, Hiruma T, Tsunenaga M, Amano S. Influence of heparan sulfate chains in proteoglycan at the dermal-epidermal junction on epidermal homeostasis. Exp Dermatol 2011; 20:810-4. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0625.2011.01330.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Fu RH, Wang YC, Liu SP, Huang CM, Kang YH, Tsai CH, Shyu WC, Lin SZ. Differentiation of stem cells: strategies for modifying surface biomaterials. Cell Transplant 2010; 20:37-47. [PMID: 21054953 DOI: 10.3727/096368910x532756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Stem cells are a natural choice for cellular therapy because of their potential to differentiate into a variety of lineages, their capacity for self-renewal in the repair of damaged organs and tissues in vivo, and their ability to generate tissue constructs in vitro. Determining how to efficiently drive stem cell differentiation to a lineage of choice is critical for the success of cellular therapeutics. Many factors are involved in this process, the extracellular microenvironment playing a significant role in controlling cellular behavior. In recent years, researchers have focused on identifying a variety of biomaterials to provide a microenvironment that is conducive to stem cell growth and differentiation and that ultimately mimics the in vivo situation. Appropriate biomaterials support the cellular attachment, proliferation, and lineage-specific differentiation of stem cells. Tissue engineering approaches have been used to incorporate growth factors and morphogenetic factors-factors known to induce lineage commitment of stem cells-into cultures with scaffolding materials, including synthetic and naturally derived biomaterials. This review focuses on various strategies that have been used in stem cell expansion and examines modifications of natural and synthetic materials, as well as various culture conditions, for the maintenance and lineage-specific differentiation of embryonic and adult stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ru-Huei Fu
- Center for Neuropsychiatry, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
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Koch N, Erba P, Benathan M, Raffoul W. [New developments in skin reconstruction - cell cultures and skin substitutes plus review of the literature]. ANNALS OF BURNS AND FIRE DISASTERS 2010; 23:131-6. [PMID: 21991212 PMCID: PMC3188257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2010] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The management of patients with deep extensive burns remains a major challenge for reconstructive surgeons. This is especially true with the considerable progress that is currently being achieved in resuscitation procedures that permit the survival of patients with burns in over 90% of their body surface. Modern reconstruction techniques have had to innovate and become a complex surgery requiring a strategic plan involving materials and multiple surgical procedures tailored to each clinical situation. This type of care also requires the close and co-ordinated collaboration of several highly specialized teams. The survival rate and quality of life of these patients have thus much improved. We have likewise observed that the number of secondary complications such as contractures and scarring instabilities have also significantly decreased.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Koch
- Service de Chirurgie Plastique, Reconstructrice et Esthétique, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV), Lausanne, Suisse
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Zuckerman ST, Brown JF, Kao WJ. Identification of regulatory Hck and PAI-2 proteins in the monocyte response to PEG-containing matrices. Biomaterials 2009; 30:3825-33. [PMID: 19443025 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2009.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2009] [Accepted: 04/13/2009] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Mass spectrometry is a powerful proteomic tool enabling researchers to survey the global proteome of a cell. This technique has only recently been employed to investigate cell-material interactions. We had previously identified material scarcity and limited adherent cells as challenges facing mass spectrometric analysis of cell-material interactions. U937 adherent to tissue culture poly(styrene) was used as a model system for identifying proteins expressed by adherent monocytes and analyzed by HPLC coupled offline to MALDI-ToF/ToF (LC-MALDI). We identified 645 proteins from two cation fractions of crude U937 monocyte cell lysate. Forty three proteins of interest from the 645 were chosen based on literature searches for relevance to monocyte-material inflammation and wound healing. Proteins such as 40S ribosomal protein S19 and tyrosyl tRNA synthetase highlight the ability of LC-MALDI to identify proteins relevant to monocyte-material interactions that are currently unexplored. We used PEG-based semi-interpenetrating polymer networks and PEG-only hydrogels to investigate surface dependent effects on the Src family kinase Hck and plasminogen activator inhibitor-2 (PAI-2) using the pyrazolo pyrimidine small molecule inhibitor PP2 and exogenous urokinase plasminogen activator addition, respectively. Hck is well researched in cell adhesion while PAI-2 is virtually unknown in cell-material interactions. U937 on TCPS and PEG-only hydrogels secreted similar levels of inflammatory cytokines and gelatinase MMP-9. MCP-1 secretion from monocytes on PEG-only hydrogels was Hck independent in contrast to Hck-dependent MCP-1 secretion in U937 on TCPS. Overall, U937 adherent to sIPNs secrete low levels of soluble gelatinase MMP-9, IL-1beta, TNF-alpha, IL-6, and MCP-1 independent of Hck and PAI-2. This work demonstrates significant changes in surface dependent expression of proteins from monocytes adherent to PEG-based materials compared to TCPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean T Zuckerman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, WI 53705, USA
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