1
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Thomas D, Yang J, Cho SJ, Stout-Delgado H. Role of Mitofusin 1 in mediating reactive oxygen species in alveolar macrophages during Streptococcuspneumoniae. Redox Biol 2024; 76:103329. [PMID: 39197317 PMCID: PMC11400614 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2024.103329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2024] [Accepted: 08/25/2024] [Indexed: 09/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Alveolar macrophages (AM) are key effectors of the immune response and are essential for host responses to S. pneumoniae. Mitochondria are highly dynamic organelles whose function aids in regulating the cell cycle, innate immunity, autophagy, redox signaling, calcium homeostasis, and mitochondrial quality control in AM. In response to cellular stress, mitochondria can engage in stress-induced mitochondrial hyperfusion (SIMH). The current study aimed to investigate the role of Mfn1 on mitochondrial control of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in AMs and the role of Mfn1 deficiency on immune responses to S. pneumoniae. Compared to Mfn1FloxCre- controls, there were distinct histological differences in lung tissue collected from Mfn1Floxed; CreLysM mice, with less injury and inflammation observed in mice with Mfn1 deficient myeloid cells. There was a significant decrease in lipid peroxidation and ROS production in Mfn1 deficient AM that was associated with increased superoxide dismutase (SOD) and antioxidant activity. Our findings demonstrate that Mfn1 deficiency in myeloid cells decreased inflammation and lung tissue injury during S. pneumoniae infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Thomas
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, USA; New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jianjun Yang
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, USA
| | - Soo Jung Cho
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, USA; New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, USA
| | - Heather Stout-Delgado
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, USA.
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2
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Smith LC, Abramova E, Vayas K, Rodriguez J, Gelfand-Titiyevksiy B, Roepke TA, Laskin JD, Gow AJ, Laskin DL. Transcriptional profiling of lung macrophages following ozone exposure in mice identifies signaling pathways regulating immunometabolic activation. Toxicol Sci 2024; 201:103-117. [PMID: 38897669 PMCID: PMC11347782 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfae081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Macrophages play a key role in ozone-induced lung injury by regulating both the initiation and resolution of inflammation. These distinct activities are mediated by pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory/proresolution macrophages which sequentially accumulate in injured tissues. Macrophage activation is dependent, in part, on intracellular metabolism. Herein, we used RNA-sequencing (seq) to identify signaling pathways regulating macrophage immunometabolic activity following exposure of mice to ozone (0.8 ppm, 3 h) or air control. Analysis of lung macrophages using an Agilent Seahorse showed that inhalation of ozone increased macrophage glycolytic activity and oxidative phosphorylation at 24 and 72 h post-exposure. An increase in the percentage of macrophages in S phase of the cell cycle was observed 24 h post ozone. RNA-seq revealed significant enrichment of pathways involved in innate immune signaling and cytokine production among differentially expressed genes at both 24 and 72 h after ozone, whereas pathways involved in cell cycle regulation were upregulated at 24 h and intracellular metabolism at 72 h. An interaction network analysis identified tumor suppressor 53 (TP53), E2F family of transcription factors (E2Fs), cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A (CDKN1a/p21), and cyclin D1 (CCND1) as upstream regulators of cell cycle pathways at 24 h and TP53, nuclear receptor subfamily 4 group a member 1 (NR4A1/Nur77), and estrogen receptor alpha (ESR1/ERα) as central upstream regulators of mitochondrial respiration pathways at 72 h. To assess whether ERα regulates metabolic activity, we used ERα-/- mice. In both air and ozone-exposed mice, loss of ERα resulted in increases in glycolytic capacity and glycolytic reserve in lung macrophages with no effect on mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation. Taken together, these results highlight the complex interaction between cell cycle, intracellular metabolism, and macrophage activation which may be important in the initiation and resolution of inflammation following ozone exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ley Cody Smith
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Connecticut School of Pharmacy, Storrs, CT 06269, United States
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, United States
| | - Elena Abramova
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, United States
| | - Kinal Vayas
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, United States
| | - Jessica Rodriguez
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, United States
| | - Benjamin Gelfand-Titiyevksiy
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, United States
| | - Troy A Roepke
- Department of Animal Sciences, School of Environmental and Biological Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, United States
| | - Jeffrey D Laskin
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health and Justice, School of Public Health, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, United States
| | - Andrew J Gow
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, United States
| | - Debra L Laskin
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, United States
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3
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Wculek SK, Forisch S, Miguel V, Sancho D. Metabolic homeostasis of tissue macrophages across the lifespan. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2024; 35:793-808. [PMID: 38763781 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2024.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
Macrophages are present in almost all organs. Apart from being immune sentinels, tissue-resident macrophages (TRMs) have organ-specific functions that require a specialized cellular metabolism to maintain homeostasis. In addition, organ-dependent metabolic adaptations of TRMs appear to be fundamentally distinct in homeostasis and in response to a challenge, such as infection or injury. Moreover, TRM function becomes aberrant with advancing age, contributing to inflammaging and organ deterioration, and a metabolic imbalance may underlie TRM immunosenescence. Here, we outline current understanding of the particular metabolic states of TRMs across organs and the relevance for their function. Moreover, we discuss the concomitant aging-related decline in metabolic plasticity and functions of TRMs, highlighting potential novel therapeutic avenues to promote healthy aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie K Wculek
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Stephan Forisch
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Verónica Miguel
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - David Sancho
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), Madrid, Spain.
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4
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Andrews JT, Zhang Z, Prasad GVRK, Huey F, Nazarova EV, Wang J, Ranaraja A, Weinkopff T, Li LX, Mu S, Birrer MJ, Huang SCC, Zhang N, Argüello RJ, Philips JA, Mattila JT, Huang L. Metabolically active neutrophils represent a permissive niche for Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Mucosal Immunol 2024:S1933-0219(24)00048-5. [PMID: 38844208 DOI: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2024.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024]
Abstract
Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb)-infected neutrophils are often found in the airways of patients with active tuberculosis (TB), and excessive recruitment of neutrophils to the lung is linked to increased bacterial burden and aggravated pathology in TB. The basis for the permissiveness of neutrophils for Mtb and the ability to be pathogenic in TB has been elusive. Here, we identified metabolic and functional features of neutrophils that contribute to their permissiveness in Mtb infection. Using single-cell metabolic and transcriptional analyses, we found that neutrophils in the Mtb-infected lung displayed elevated mitochondrial metabolism, which was largely attributed to the induction of activated neutrophils with enhanced metabolic activities. The activated neutrophil subpopulation was also identified in the lung granulomas from Mtb-infected non-human primates. Functionally, activated neutrophils harbored more viable bacteria and displayed enhanced lipid uptake and accumulation. Surprisingly, we found that interferon-γ promoted the activation of lung neutrophils during Mtb infection. Lastly, perturbation of lipid uptake pathways selectively compromised Mtb survival in activated neutrophils. These findings suggest that neutrophil heterogeneity and metabolic diversity are key to their permissiveness for Mtb and that metabolic pathways in neutrophils represent potential host-directed therapeutics in TB.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Tucker Andrews
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Zijing Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA; Winthrop P. Rockefeller Cancer Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - G V R Krishna Prasad
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Fischer Huey
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Evgeniya V Nazarova
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Jocelyn Wang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Ananya Ranaraja
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Tiffany Weinkopff
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Lin-Xi Li
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Shengyu Mu
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Michael J Birrer
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA; Winthrop P. Rockefeller Cancer Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Stanley Ching-Cheng Huang
- Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA; Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Nan Zhang
- Immunology, Metastasis & Microenvironment Program, Ellen and Ronald Caplan Cancer Center, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Rafael J Argüello
- Aix-Marseille University, CNRS, INSERM, CIML, Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy, Marseille, France
| | - Jennifer A Philips
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA; Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Joshua T Mattila
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Lu Huang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA.
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5
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Fan J, Zhu J, Zhu H, Xu H. Potential therapeutic targets in myeloid cell therapy for overcoming chemoresistance and immune suppression in gastrointestinal tumors. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2024; 198:104362. [PMID: 38614267 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2024.104362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024] Open
Abstract
In the tumor microenvironment (TME), myeloid cells play a pivotal role. Myeloid-derived immunosuppressive cells, including tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) and myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), are central components in shaping the immunosuppressive milieu of the tumor. Within the TME, a majority of TAMs assume an M2 phenotype, characterized by their pro-tumoral activity. These cells promote tumor cell growth, angiogenesis, invasion, and migration. In contrast, M1 macrophages, under appropriate activation conditions, exhibit cytotoxic capabilities against cancer cells. However, an excessive M1 response may lead to pro-tumoral inflammation. As a result, myeloid cells have emerged as crucial targets in cancer therapy. This review concentrates on gastrointestinal tumors, detailing methods for targeting macrophages to enhance tumor radiotherapy and immunotherapy sensitivity. We specifically delve into monocytes and tumor-associated macrophages' various functions, establishing an immunosuppressive microenvironment, promoting tumorigenic inflammation, and fostering neovascularization and stromal remodeling. Additionally, we examine combination therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawei Fan
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, 1 Xinmin Street, Changchun 130021, PR China
| | - Jianshu Zhu
- Department of Spine Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, 1 Xinmin Street, Changchun 130021, PR China
| | - He Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, 1 Xinmin Street, Changchun 130021, PR China
| | - Hong Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, 1 Xinmin Street, Changchun 130021, PR China.
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6
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Orsini EM, Roychowdhury S, Gangadhariah M, Cross E, Abraham S, Reinhardt A, Grund ME, Zhou JY, Stuehr O, Pant B, Olman MA, Vachharajani V, Scheraga RG. TRPV4 Regulates the Macrophage Metabolic Response to Limit Sepsis-induced Lung Injury. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2024; 70:457-467. [PMID: 38346220 PMCID: PMC11160412 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2023-0456oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is a systemic inflammatory response that requires effective macrophage metabolic functions to resolve ongoing inflammation. Previous work showed that the mechanosensitive cation channel, transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4), mediates macrophage phagocytosis and cytokine production in response to lung infection. Here, we show that TRPV4 regulates glycolysis in a stiffness-dependent manner by augmenting macrophage glucose uptake by GLUT1. In addition, TRPV4 is required for LPS-induced phagolysosome maturation in a GLUT1-dependent manner. In a cecal slurry mouse model of sepsis, TRPV4 regulates sepsis-induced glycolysis as measured by BAL fluid (BALF) lactate and sepsis-induced lung injury as measured by BALF total protein and lung compliance. TRPV4 is necessary for bacterial clearance in the peritoneum to limit sepsis-induced lung injury. It is interesting that BALF lactate is increased in patients with sepsis compared with healthy control participants, supporting the relevance of lung cell glycolysis to human sepsis. These data show that macrophage TRPV4 is required for glucose uptake through GLUT1 for effective phagolysosome maturation to limit sepsis-induced lung injury. Our work presents TRPV4 as a potential target to protect the lung from injury in sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erica M. Orsini
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Integrated Hospital Care Institute, and
| | - Sanjoy Roychowdhury
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Mahesha Gangadhariah
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Emily Cross
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Susamma Abraham
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Amanda Reinhardt
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Megan E. Grund
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Julie Y. Zhou
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Olivia Stuehr
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Bishnu Pant
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Mitchell A. Olman
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Integrated Hospital Care Institute, and
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Vidula Vachharajani
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Integrated Hospital Care Institute, and
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Rachel G. Scheraga
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Integrated Hospital Care Institute, and
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
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7
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Kumar V, Stewart Iv JH. Pattern-Recognition Receptors and Immunometabolic Reprogramming: What We Know and What to Explore. J Innate Immun 2024; 16:295-323. [PMID: 38740018 PMCID: PMC11250681 DOI: 10.1159/000539278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evolutionarily, immune response is a complex mechanism that protects the host from internal and external threats. Pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs) recognize MAMPs, PAMPs, and DAMPs to initiate a protective pro-inflammatory immune response. PRRs are expressed on the cell membranes by TLR1, 2, 4, and 6 and in the cytosolic organelles by TLR3, 7, 8, and 9, NLRs, ALRs, and cGLRs. We know their downstream signaling pathways controlling immunoregulatory and pro-inflammatory immune response. However, the impact of PRRs on metabolic control of immune cells to control their pro- and anti-inflammatory activity has not been discussed extensively. SUMMARY Immune cell metabolism or immunometabolism critically determines immune cells' pro-inflammatory phenotype and function. The current article discusses immunometabolic reprogramming (IR) upon activation of different PRRs, such as TLRs, NLRs, cGLRs, and RLRs. The duration and type of PRR activated, species studied, and location of immune cells to specific organ are critical factors to determine the IR-induced immune response. KEY MESSAGE The work herein describes IR upon TLR, NLR, cGLR, and RLR activation. Understanding IR upon activating different PRRs is critical for designing better immune cell-specific immunotherapeutics and immunomodulators targeting inflammation and inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijay Kumar
- Department of Surgery, Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy, Medical Education Building-C, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - John H Stewart Iv
- Department of Surgery, Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy, Medical Education Building-C, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
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8
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Lu S, Li R, Deng Y, Bai J, Ji B, Chu Y, Xu Y, Qu H, Guo X, Li P, Meng M. GDF15 ameliorates sepsis-induced lung injury via AMPK-mediated inhibition of glycolysis in alveolar macrophage. Respir Res 2024; 25:201. [PMID: 38725041 PMCID: PMC11084091 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-024-02824-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) as a stress response cytokine is involved in the development and progression of several diseases associated with metabolic disorders. However, the regulatory role and the underlying mechanisms of GDF15 in sepsis remain poorly defined. Our study analyzed the levels of GDF15 and its correlations with the clinical prognosis of patients with sepsis. In vivo and in vitro models of sepsis were applied to elucidate the role and mechanisms of GDF15 in sepsis-associated lung injury. We observed strong correlations of plasma GDF15 levels with the levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), procalcitonin (PCT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and lactate as well as Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) scores in patients with sepsis. In the mouse model of lipopolysaccharide-induced sepsis, recombinant GDF15 inhibited the proinflammatory responses and alleviated lung tissue injury. In addition, GDF15 decreased the levels of cytokines produced by alveolar macrophages (AMs). The anti-inflammatory effect of glycolysis inhibitor 2-DG on AMs during sepsis was mediated by GDF15 via inducing the phosphorylation of the α-subunit of eukaryotic initiation factor 2 (eIF2α) and the expression of activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4). Furthermore, we explored the mechanism underlying the beneficial effects of GDF15 and found that GDF15 inhibited glycolysis and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK)/nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling via promoting AMPK phosphorylation. This study demonstrated that GDF15 inhibited glycolysis and NF-κB/MAPKs signaling via activating AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), thereby alleviating the inflammatory responses of AMs and sepsis-associated lung injury. Our findings provided new insights into novel therapeutic strategies for treating sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shasha Lu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 197, Ruijin Road (No.2), Huangpu District, Shanghai, 200025, P.R. China
- The first rehabilitation hospital of Shandong, Linyi, 276000, Shandong, P.R. China
- Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266000, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Ranran Li
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 197, Ruijin Road (No.2), Huangpu District, Shanghai, 200025, P.R. China.
| | - Yunxin Deng
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 197, Ruijin Road (No.2), Huangpu District, Shanghai, 200025, P.R. China
| | - Ju Bai
- Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, Binzhou, 256600, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Bangqi Ji
- Shandong Rehabilitation Hospital, Jinan, 250109, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Yufeng Chu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250000, P.R. China
| | - Yan Xu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 197, Ruijin Road (No.2), Huangpu District, Shanghai, 200025, P.R. China
| | - Hongping Qu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 197, Ruijin Road (No.2), Huangpu District, Shanghai, 200025, P.R. China
| | - Xiaosun Guo
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250000, P.R. China.
| | - Pibao Li
- The first rehabilitation hospital of Shandong, Linyi, 276000, Shandong, P.R. China.
| | - Mei Meng
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 197, Ruijin Road (No.2), Huangpu District, Shanghai, 200025, P.R. China.
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9
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Pervizaj-Oruqaj L, Ferrero MR, Matt U, Herold S. The guardians of pulmonary harmony: alveolar macrophages orchestrating the symphony of lung inflammation and tissue homeostasis. Eur Respir Rev 2024; 33:230263. [PMID: 38811033 PMCID: PMC11134199 DOI: 10.1183/16000617.0263-2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Recent breakthroughs in single-cell sequencing, advancements in cellular and tissue imaging techniques, innovations in cell lineage tracing, and insights into the epigenome collectively illuminate the enigmatic landscape of alveolar macrophages in the lung under homeostasis and disease conditions. Our current knowledge reveals the cellular and functional diversity of alveolar macrophages within the respiratory system, emphasising their remarkable adaptability. By synthesising insights from classical cell and developmental biology studies, we provide a comprehensive perspective on alveolar macrophage functional plasticity. This includes an examination of their ontology-related features, their role in maintaining tissue homeostasis under steady-state conditions and the distinct contribution of bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) in promoting tissue regeneration and restoring respiratory system homeostasis in response to injuries. Elucidating the signalling pathways within inflammatory conditions, the impact of various triggers on tissue-resident alveolar macrophages (TR-AMs), as well as the recruitment and polarisation of macrophages originating from the bone marrow, presents an opportunity to propose innovative therapeutic approaches aimed at modulating the equilibrium between phenotypes to induce programmes associated with a pro-regenerative or homeostasis phenotype of BMDMs or TR-AMs. This, in turn, can lead to the amelioration of disease outcomes and the attenuation of detrimental inflammation. This review comprehensively addresses the pivotal role of macrophages in the orchestration of inflammation and resolution phases after lung injury, as well as ageing-related shifts and the influence of clonal haematopoiesis of indeterminate potential mutations on alveolar macrophages, exploring altered signalling pathways and transcriptional profiles, with implications for respiratory homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Learta Pervizaj-Oruqaj
- Department of Internal Medicine V, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, University Hospital Giessen, Justus Liebig University, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Giessen, Germany
- Institute for Lung Health (ILH), Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
- Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Giessen, Germany
| | - Maximiliano Ruben Ferrero
- Department of Internal Medicine V, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, University Hospital Giessen, Justus Liebig University, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Giessen, Germany
- Institute for Lung Health (ILH), Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
- Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Giessen, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany
- Instituto de Investigación en Biomedicina de Buenos Aires (IBioBA), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ulrich Matt
- Department of Internal Medicine V, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, University Hospital Giessen, Justus Liebig University, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Giessen, Germany
- Institute for Lung Health (ILH), Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
- Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Giessen, Germany
| | - Susanne Herold
- Department of Internal Medicine V, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, University Hospital Giessen, Justus Liebig University, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Giessen, Germany
- Institute for Lung Health (ILH), Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
- Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Giessen, Germany
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10
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Drzewicka K, Zasłona Z. Metabolism-driven glycosylation represents therapeutic opportunities in interstitial lung diseases. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1328781. [PMID: 38550597 PMCID: PMC10973144 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1328781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Metabolic changes are coupled with alteration in protein glycosylation. In this review, we will focus on macrophages that are pivotal in the pathogenesis of pulmonary fibrosis and sarcoidosis and thanks to their adaptable metabolism are an attractive therapeutic target. Examples presented in this review demonstrate that protein glycosylation regulates metabolism-driven immune responses in macrophages, with implications for fibrotic processes and granuloma formation. Targeting proteins that regulate glycosylation, such as fucosyltransferases, neuraminidase 1 and chitinase 1 could effectively block immunometabolic changes driving inflammation and fibrosis, providing novel avenues for therapeutic interventions.
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11
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Russo S, Kwiatkowski M, Wolters JC, Gerding A, Hermans J, Govorukhina N, Bischoff R, Melgert BN. Effects of lysine deacetylase inhibitor treatment on LPS responses of alveolar-like macrophages. J Leukoc Biol 2024; 115:435-449. [PMID: 37811856 DOI: 10.1093/jleuko/qiad121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Macrophages are key immune cells that can adapt their metabolic phenotype in response to different stimuli. Lysine deacetylases are important enzymes regulating inflammatory gene expression and lysine deacetylase inhibitors have been shown to exert anti-inflammatory effects in models of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. We hypothesized that these anti-inflammatory effects may be associated with metabolic changes in macrophages. To validate this hypothesis, we used an unbiased and a targeted proteomic approach to investigate metabolic enzymes, as well as liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, to quantify metabolites in combination with the measurement of functional parameters in primary murine alveolar-like macrophages after lipopolysaccharide-induced activation in the presence or absence of lysine deacetylase inhibition. We found that lysine deacetylase inhibition resulted in reduced production of inflammatory mediators such as tumor necrosis factor α and interleukin 1β. However, only minor changes in macrophage metabolism were observed, as only one of the lysine deacetylase inhibitors slightly increased mitochondrial respiration while no changes in metabolite levels were seen. However, lysine deacetylase inhibition specifically enhanced expression of proteins involved in ubiquitination, which may be a driver of the anti-inflammatory effects of lysine deacetylase inhibitors. Our data illustrate that a multiomics approach provides novel insights into how macrophages interact with cues from their environment. More detailed studies investigating ubiquitination as a potential driver of lysine deacetylase inhibition will help developing novel anti-inflammatory drugs for difficult-to-treat diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Russo
- Department of Analytical Biochemistry, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, Groningen 9713 AV, The Netherlands
| | - Marcel Kwiatkowski
- Functional Proteo-Metabolomics, Department of Biochemistry, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80-82, Innsbruck 6020, Austria
| | - Justina C Wolters
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, Groningen 9713 GZ, The Netherlands
| | - Albert Gerding
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, Groningen 9713 GZ, The Netherlands
| | - Jos Hermans
- Department of Analytical Biochemistry, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, Groningen 9713 AV, The Netherlands
| | - Natalia Govorukhina
- Department of Analytical Biochemistry, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, Groningen 9713 AV, The Netherlands
| | - Rainer Bischoff
- Department of Analytical Biochemistry, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, Groningen 9713 AV, The Netherlands
| | - Barbro N Melgert
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, Groningen 9713 AV, The Netherlands
- Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, Groningen 9713 GZ, The Netherlands
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12
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Xuan L, Ren L, Zhang W, Du P, Li B, An Z. Formaldehyde aggravates airway inflammation through induction of glycolysis in an experimental model of asthma exacerbated by lipopolysaccharide. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 912:168947. [PMID: 38043820 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Formaldehyde (FA) exposure has been reported to induce or aggravate allergic asthma. Infection is also a potential risk factor for the onset and aggravation of asthma. However, no study has addressed the effects of FA exposure on asthmatic patients with respiratory infection. FA is ubiquitous in environment and respiratory infections are common in clinics. Therefore, it is necessary to explore whether FA exposure leads to the further worsening of symptoms in asthma patients with existing respiratory infection. In the present study, ovalbumin (OVA) was used to establish the murine asthma model. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was intratracheal administrated to mimic asthma with respiratory infection. The mice were exposed to 0.5 mg/m3 FA. FA exposure did not induce a significant aggravation on OVA induced allergic asthma. However, the lung function of specific airway resistance (sRaw), histological changes and cytokines production were greatly aggravated by FA exposure in OVA/LPS induced murine asthma model. Monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs) were isolated from asthmatic patients. Exposure of MDMs to FA and LPS resulted in increased TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, and nitric oxide (NO) production. Lactate produciton and lactate dehydrogenase A (LDHA) expression were found to be upregulated by FA in OVA/LPS induced asthmatic mice and LPS stimulated MDMs. Furthermore, glycolysis inhibitor 2-Deoxy-d-glucose attenuated FA and LPS induced TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, and NO production. We conclude that FA exposure can lead to the aggravation of allergic asthma with infection through induction of glycolysis. This study could offer some new insight into how FA promotes asthma development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingling Xuan
- Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, No.8 Gongti South Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Lulu Ren
- Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, No.8 Gongti South Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Wen Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, No.8 Gongti South Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Ping Du
- Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, No.8 Gongti South Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Boyu Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, No.8 Gongti South Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Zhuoling An
- Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, No.8 Gongti South Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100020, China.
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13
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Thiel BA, Lundberg KC, Schlatzer D, Jarvela J, Li Q, Shaw R, Reba SM, Fletcher S, Beckloff SE, Chance MR, Boom WH, Silver RF, Bebek G. Human alveolar macrophages display marked hypo-responsiveness to IFN-γ in both proteomic and gene expression analysis. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0295312. [PMID: 38300916 PMCID: PMC10833554 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0295312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Alveolar macrophages (AM) perform a primary defense mechanism in the lung through phagocytosis of inhaled particles and microorganisms. AM are known to be relatively immunosuppressive consistent with the aim to limit alveolar inflammation and maintain effective gas exchange in the face of these constant challenges. How AM respond to T cell derived cytokine signals, which are critical to the defense against inhaled pathogens, is less well understood. For example, successful containment of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) in lung macrophages is highly dependent on IFN-γ secreted by Th-1 lymphocytes, however, the proteomic IFN-γ response profile in AM remains mostly unknown. In this study, we measured IFN-γ induced protein abundance changes in human AM and autologous blood monocytes (MN). AM cells were activated by IFN-γ stimulation resulting in STAT1 phosphorylation and production of MIG/CXCL9 chemokine. However, the global proteomic response to IFN-γ in AM was dramatically limited in comparison to that of MN (9 AM vs 89 MN differentially abundant proteins). AM hypo-responsiveness was not explained by reduced JAK-STAT1 signaling nor increased SOCS1 expression. These findings suggest that AM have a tightly regulated response to IFN-γ which may prevent excessive pulmonary inflammation but may also provide a niche for the initial survival and growth of Mtb and other intracellular pathogens in the lung.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bonnie A. Thiel
- Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University and University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Kathleen C. Lundberg
- Department of Nutrition, Center for Proteomics and Bioinformatics, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Daniela Schlatzer
- Department of Nutrition, Center for Proteomics and Bioinformatics, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Jessica Jarvela
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Louis Stokes Cleveland Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Qing Li
- Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University and University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Rachel Shaw
- Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University and University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Scott M. Reba
- Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University and University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Shane Fletcher
- Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University and University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Sara E. Beckloff
- Biobot Analytics, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Mark R. Chance
- Department of Nutrition, Center for Proteomics and Bioinformatics, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - W. Henry Boom
- Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University and University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Richard F. Silver
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Louis Stokes Cleveland Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, University Hospitals Case Medical Center and Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Gurkan Bebek
- Department of Nutrition, Center for Proteomics and Bioinformatics, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
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14
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Piao L, Fang YH, Fisher M, Hamanaka RB, Ousta A, Wu R, Mutlu GM, Garcia AJ, Archer SL, Sharp WW. Dynamin-related protein 1 is a critical regulator of mitochondrial calcium homeostasis during myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury. FASEB J 2024; 38:e23379. [PMID: 38133921 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202301040rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1) is a cytosolic GTPase protein that when activated translocates to the mitochondria, meditating mitochondrial fission and increasing reactive oxygen species (ROS) in cardiomyocytes. Drp1 has shown promise as a therapeutic target for reducing cardiac ischemia/reperfusion (IR) injury; however, the lack of specificity of some small molecule Drp1 inhibitors and the reliance on the use of Drp1 haploinsufficient hearts from older mice have left the role of Drp1 in IR in question. Here, we address these concerns using two approaches, using: (a) short-term (3 weeks), conditional, cardiomyocyte-specific, Drp1 knockout (KO) and (b) a novel, highly specific Drp1 GTPase inhibitor, Drpitor1a. Short-term Drp1 KO mice exhibited preserved exercise capacity and cardiac contractility, and their isolated cardiac mitochondria demonstrated increased mitochondrial complex 1 activity, respiratory coupling, and calcium retention capacity compared to controls. When exposed to IR injury in a Langendorff perfusion system, Drp1 KO hearts had preserved contractility, decreased reactive oxygen species (ROS), enhanced mitochondrial calcium capacity, and increased resistance to mitochondrial permeability transition pore (MPTP) opening. Pharmacological inhibition of Drp1 with Drpitor1a following ischemia, but before reperfusion, was as protective as Drp1 KO for cardiac function and mitochondrial calcium homeostasis. In contrast to the benefits of short-term Drp1 inhibition, prolonged Drp1 ablation (6 weeks) resulted in cardiomyopathy. Drp1 KO hearts were also associated with decreased ryanodine receptor 2 (RyR2) protein expression and pharmacological inhibition of the RyR2 receptor decreased ROS in post-IR hearts suggesting that changes in RyR2 may have a role in Drp1 KO mediated cardioprotection. We conclude that Drp1-mediated increases in myocardial ROS production and impairment of mitochondrial calcium handling are key mechanisms of IR injury. Short-term inhibition of Drp1 is a promising strategy to limit early myocardial IR injury which is relevant for the therapy of acute myocardial infarction, cardiac arrest, and heart transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Piao
- Section of Emergency Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Yong-Hu Fang
- Section of Emergency Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Michael Fisher
- Section of Emergency Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Robert B Hamanaka
- Section of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Alaa Ousta
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Rongxu Wu
- Section of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Gökhan M Mutlu
- Section of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Institute for Integrative Physiology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Alfredo J Garcia
- Section of Emergency Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Institute for Integrative Physiology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- The University of Chicago Neuroscience Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Stephen L Archer
- Department of Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Willard W Sharp
- Section of Emergency Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Institute for Integrative Physiology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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15
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Jessop F, Schwarz B, Bohrnsen E, Bosio CM. Route of Francisella tularensis infection informs spatiotemporal metabolic reprogramming and inflammation in mice. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0293450. [PMID: 37883420 PMCID: PMC10602361 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0293450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Route of exposure to pathogens can inform divergent disease pathogenesis and mortality rates. However, the features that contribute to these differences are not well established. Host metabolism has emerged as a critical element governing susceptibility and the metabolism of tissue exposure sites are unique. Therefore, specific metabolic niches may contribute to the course and outcome of infection depending on route of infection. In the current study, we utilized a combination of imaging and systems metabolomics to map the spatiotemporal dynamics of the host response to intranasal (i.n.) or intradermal (i.d.) infection of mice using the bacterium Francisella tularensis subsp tularensis (FTT). FTT causes lethal disease through these infection routes with similar inoculation doses and replication kinetics, which allowed for isolation of host outcomes independent of bacterial burden. We observed metabolic modifications that were both route dependent and independent. Specifically, i.d. infection resulted in early metabolic reprogramming at the site of infection and draining lymph nodes, whereas the lungs and associated draining lymph nodes were refractory to metabolic reprogramming following i.n. infection. Irrespective of exposure route, FTT promoted metabolic changes in systemic organs prior to colonization, and caused massive dysregulation of host metabolism in these tissues prior to onset of morbidity. Preconditioning infection sites towards a more glycolytic and pro-inflammatory state prior to infection exacerbated FTT replication within the lungs but not intradermal tissue. This enhancement of replication in the lungs was associated with the ability of FTT to limit redox imbalance and alter the pentose phosphate pathway. Together, these studies identify central metabolic features of the lung and dermal compartments that contribute to disease progression and identify potential tissue specific targets that may be exploited for novel therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Forrest Jessop
- Rocky Mountain Laboratories, NIAID, Hamilton, MT, United States of America
| | - Benjamin Schwarz
- Rocky Mountain Laboratories, NIAID, Hamilton, MT, United States of America
| | - Eric Bohrnsen
- Rocky Mountain Laboratories, NIAID, Hamilton, MT, United States of America
| | - Catharine M. Bosio
- Rocky Mountain Laboratories, NIAID, Hamilton, MT, United States of America
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16
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Malainou C, Abdin SM, Lachmann N, Matt U, Herold S. Alveolar macrophages in tissue homeostasis, inflammation, and infection: evolving concepts of therapeutic targeting. J Clin Invest 2023; 133:e170501. [PMID: 37781922 PMCID: PMC10541196 DOI: 10.1172/jci170501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Alveolar macrophages (AMs) are the sentinel cells of the alveolar space, maintaining homeostasis, fending off pathogens, and controlling lung inflammation. During acute lung injury, AMs orchestrate the initiation and resolution of inflammation in order to ultimately restore homeostasis. This central role in acute lung inflammation makes AMs attractive targets for therapeutic interventions. Single-cell RNA-Seq and spatial omics approaches, together with methodological advances such as the generation of human macrophages from pluripotent stem cells, have increased understanding of the ontogeny, function, and plasticity of AMs during infectious and sterile lung inflammation, which could move the field closer to clinical application. However, proresolution phenotypes might conflict with proinflammatory and antibacterial responses. Therefore, therapeutic targeting of AMs at vulnerable time points over the course of infectious lung injury might harbor the risk of serious side effects, such as loss of antibacterial host defense capacity. Thus, the identification of key signaling hubs that determine functional fate decisions in AMs is of the utmost importance to harness their therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Malainou
- Department of Internal Medicine V, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Giessen, Germany
- Institute for Lung Health, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
- Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary Institute, Giessen, Germany
- German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Shifaa M. Abdin
- German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Pediatric Pneumology, Allergology and Neonatology and
- REBIRTH Center for Translational and Regenerative Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Nico Lachmann
- German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Pediatric Pneumology, Allergology and Neonatology and
- REBIRTH Center for Translational and Regenerative Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine, Hannover, Germany
- RESIST (Resolving Infection Susceptibility), Cluster of Excellence, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Ulrich Matt
- Department of Internal Medicine V, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Giessen, Germany
- Institute for Lung Health, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
- Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary Institute, Giessen, Germany
- German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Susanne Herold
- Department of Internal Medicine V, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Giessen, Germany
- Institute for Lung Health, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
- Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary Institute, Giessen, Germany
- German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Heidelberg, Germany
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17
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Chang CY, Armstrong D, Corry DB, Kheradmand F. Alveolar macrophages in lung cancer: opportunities challenges. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1268939. [PMID: 37822933 PMCID: PMC10562548 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1268939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Alveolar macrophages (AMs) are critical components of the innate defense mechanism in the lung. Nestled tightly within the alveoli, AMs, derived from the yolk-sac or bone marrow, can phagocytose foreign particles, defend the host against pathogens, recycle surfactant, and promptly respond to inhaled noxious stimuli. The behavior of AMs is tightly dependent on the environmental cues whereby infection, chronic inflammation, and associated metabolic changes can repolarize their effector functions in the lungs. Several factors within the tumor microenvironment can re-educate AMs, resulting in tumor growth, and reducing immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) efficacy in patients treated for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The plasticity of AMs and their critical function in altering tumor responses to ICIs make them a desirable target in lung cancer treatment. New strategies have been developed to target AMs in solid tumors reprograming their suppressive function and boosting the efficacy of ICIs. Here, we review the phenotypic and functional changes in AMs in response to sterile inflammation and in NSCLC that could be critical in tumor growth and metastasis. Opportunities in altering AMs' function include harnessing their potential function in trained immunity, a concept borrowed from memory response to infections, which could be explored therapeutically in managing lung cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Yen Chang
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Dominique Armstrong
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - David B. Corry
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
- Biology of Inflammation Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
- Center for Translational Research on Inflammatory Diseases, Michael E. DeBakey Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Farrah Kheradmand
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
- Biology of Inflammation Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
- Center for Translational Research on Inflammatory Diseases, Michael E. DeBakey Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Houston, TX, United States
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18
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de Jong R, Tenbrock K, Ohl K. New Insights in Immunometabolism in Neonatal Monocytes and Macrophages in Health and Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14173. [PMID: 37762476 PMCID: PMC10531550 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241814173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
It is well established that the neonatal immune system is different from the adult immune system. A major task of the neonatal immune system is to bridge the achievement of tolerance towards harmless antigens and commensal bacteria while providing protection against pathogens. This is highly important because neonates are immunologically challenged directly after birth by a rigorous change from a semi-allogeneic sterile environment into a world rich with microbes. A so called disease tolerogenic state is typical for neonates and is anticipated to prevent immunopathological damage potentially at the cost of uncontrolled pathogen proliferation. As a consequence, neonates are more susceptible than adults to life-threatening infections. At the basis of a well-functioning immune response, both for adults and neonates, innate immune cells such as monocytes and monocyte-derived macrophages play an essential role. A well-responsive monocyte will alter its cellular metabolism to subsequently induce certain immune effector function, a process which is called immunometabolism. Immunometabolism has received extensive attention in the last decade; however, it has not been broadly studied in neonates. This review focuses on carbohydrate metabolism in monocytes and macrophages in neonates. We will exhibit pathways involving glycolysis, the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle and oxidative phosphorylation and their role in shaping neonates' immune systems to a favorable tolerogenic state. More insight into these pathways will elucidate potential treatments targets in life-threatening conditions including neonatal sepsis or expose potential targets which can be used to induce tolerance in conditions where tolerance is harmfully impaired such as in autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Klaus Tenbrock
- Department of Pediatrics, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany; (R.d.J.); (K.O.)
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19
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Rajabalee N, Siushansian H, Weerapura M, Berton S, Berbatovci F, Hooks B, Geoffrion M, Yang D, Harper ME, Rayner K, Blais A, Sun J. ATF2 orchestrates macrophage differentiation and activation to promote antibacterial responses. J Leukoc Biol 2023; 114:280-298. [PMID: 37403209 DOI: 10.1093/jleuko/qiad076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The differentiation and activation of macrophages are critical regulatory programs that are central to host inflammation and pathogen defense. However, the transcriptional regulatory pathways involved in these programs are not well understood. Herein, we demonstrate that the activity and expression of the transcription factor ATF2 is precisely regulated during primary human monocyte-to-macrophage differentiation and that its activation is linked to M1 polarization and antibacterial responses. Genetic perturbation experiments demonstrated that deletion of ATF2 (THP-ΔATF2) resulted in irregular and abnormal macrophage morphology, whereas macrophages overexpressing ATF2 (THP-ATF2) developed round and pancake-like morphology, resembling classically activated (M1) macrophages. Mechanistically, we show that ATF2 binds to the core promoter of PPM1A, a phosphatase that regulates monocyte-to-macrophage differentiation, to regulate its expression. Functionally, overexpression of ATF2 sensitized macrophages to M1 polarization, resulting in increased production of major histocompatibility complex class II, IL-1β, and IP-10; improved phagocytic capacity; and enhanced control of the intracellular pathogen Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Gene expression profiling revealed that overexpression of ATF2 reprogramed macrophages to promote antibacterial pathways enriched in chemokine signaling, metabolism, and antigen presentation. Consistent with pathways analysis, metabolic profiling revealed that genetic overexpression or stimuli-induced activation of ATF2 alters the metabolic capacity of macrophages and primes these cells for glycolytic metabolism during M1 polarization or bacterial infection. Our findings reveal that ATF2 plays a central role during macrophage differentiation and M1 polarization to enhance the functional capacities of macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nusrah Rajabalee
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, 451 Smyth Road, Ottawa, Ontario K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Hannah Siushansian
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, 451 Smyth Road, Ottawa, Ontario K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Milani Weerapura
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, 451 Smyth Road, Ottawa, Ontario K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Stefania Berton
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, 451 Smyth Road, Ottawa, Ontario K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Fjolla Berbatovci
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, 451 Smyth Road, Ottawa, Ontario K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Breana Hooks
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, 451 Smyth Road, Ottawa, Ontario K1H 8M5, Canada
- Centre for Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Ottawa, 451 Smyth Road, Ottawa, Ontario K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Michele Geoffrion
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, 40 Ruskin Road, Ottawa, Ontario K1Y 4W7, Canada
| | - Dabo Yang
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, 451 Smyth Road, Ottawa, Ontario K1H 8M5, Canada
- Ottawa Institute of Systems Biology, University of Ottawa, 451 Smyth Road, Ottawa, Ontario K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Mary-Ellen Harper
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, 451 Smyth Road, Ottawa, Ontario K1H 8M5, Canada
- Ottawa Institute of Systems Biology, University of Ottawa, 451 Smyth Road, Ottawa, Ontario K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Katey Rayner
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, 451 Smyth Road, Ottawa, Ontario K1H 8M5, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, 40 Ruskin Road, Ottawa, Ontario K1Y 4W7, Canada
| | - Alexandre Blais
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, 451 Smyth Road, Ottawa, Ontario K1H 8M5, Canada
- Centre for Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Ottawa, 451 Smyth Road, Ottawa, Ontario K1H 8M5, Canada
- Ottawa Institute of Systems Biology, University of Ottawa, 451 Smyth Road, Ottawa, Ontario K1H 8M5, Canada
- Éric Poulin Centre for Neuromuscular Disease, 451 Smyth Road, Ottawa, Ontario K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Jim Sun
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, 451 Smyth Road, Ottawa, Ontario K1H 8M5, Canada
- Centre for Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Ottawa, 451 Smyth Road, Ottawa, Ontario K1H 8M5, Canada
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20
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Pahari S, Arnett E, Simper J, Azad A, Guerrero-Arguero I, Ye C, Zhang H, Cai H, Wang Y, Lai Z, Jarvis N, Lumbreras M, Maselli DJ, Peters J, Torrelles JB, Martinez-Sobrido L, Schlesinger LS. A new tractable method for generating human alveolar macrophage-like cells in vitro to study lung inflammatory processes and diseases. mBio 2023; 14:e0083423. [PMID: 37288969 PMCID: PMC10470505 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.00834-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Alveolar macrophages (AMs) are unique lung resident cells that contact airborne pathogens and environmental particulates. The contribution of human AMs (HAMs) to pulmonary diseases remains poorly understood due to the difficulty in accessing them from human donors and their rapid phenotypic change during in vitro culture. Thus, there remains an unmet need for cost-effective methods for generating and/or differentiating primary cells into a HAM phenotype, particularly important for translational and clinical studies. We developed cell culture conditions that mimic the lung alveolar environment in humans using lung lipids, that is, Infasurf (calfactant, natural bovine surfactant) and lung-associated cytokines (granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor, transforming growth factor-β, and interleukin 10) that facilitate the conversion of blood-obtained monocytes to an AM-like (AML) phenotype and function in tissue culture. Similar to HAM, AML cells are particularly susceptible to both Mycobacterium tuberculosis and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infections. This study reveals the importance of alveolar space components in the development and maintenance of HAM phenotype and function and provides a readily accessible model to study HAM in infectious and inflammatory disease processes, as well as therapies and vaccines. IMPORTANCE Millions die annually from respiratory disorders. Lower respiratory track gas-exchanging alveoli maintain a precarious balance between fighting invaders and minimizing tissue damage. Key players herein are resident AMs. However, there are no easily accessible in vitro models of HAMs, presenting a huge scientific challenge. Here, we present a novel model for generating AML cells based on differentiating blood monocytes in a defined lung component cocktail. This model is non-invasive, significantly less costly than performing a bronchoalveolar lavage, yields more AML cells than HAMs per donor, and retains their phenotype in culture. We have applied this model to early studies of M. tuberculosis and SARS-CoV-2. This model will significantly advance respiratory biology research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanta Pahari
- Host Pathogen Interactions and Population Health Programs, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Eusondia Arnett
- Host Pathogen Interactions and Population Health Programs, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Jan Simper
- Host Pathogen Interactions and Population Health Programs, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas, USA
- Department of Molecular Immunology and Microbiology, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Abul Azad
- Host Pathogen Interactions and Population Health Programs, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Israel Guerrero-Arguero
- Host Pathogen Interactions and Population Health Programs, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Chengjin Ye
- Host Pathogen Interactions and Population Health Programs, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Hao Zhang
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, South Texas Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Hong Cai
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, South Texas Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Yufeng Wang
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, South Texas Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Zhao Lai
- Department of Molecular Medicine, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Natalie Jarvis
- Host Pathogen Interactions and Population Health Programs, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas, USA
- Department of Molecular Immunology and Microbiology, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Miranda Lumbreras
- Host Pathogen Interactions and Population Health Programs, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Diego Jose Maselli
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, UT Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Jay Peters
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, UT Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Jordi B. Torrelles
- Host Pathogen Interactions and Population Health Programs, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Luis Martinez-Sobrido
- Host Pathogen Interactions and Population Health Programs, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Larry S. Schlesinger
- Host Pathogen Interactions and Population Health Programs, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas, USA
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21
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Soler Palacios B, Villares R, Lucas P, Rodríguez-Frade JM, Cayuela A, Piccirillo JG, Lombardía M, Delgado Gestoso D, Fernández-García M, Risco C, Barbas C, Corrales F, Sorzano COS, Martínez-Martín N, Conesa JJ, Iborra FJ, Mellado M. Growth hormone remodels the 3D-structure of the mitochondria of inflammatory macrophages and promotes metabolic reprogramming. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1200259. [PMID: 37475858 PMCID: PMC10354525 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1200259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Macrophages are a heterogeneous population of innate immune cells that support tissue homeostasis through their involvement in tissue development and repair, and pathogen defense. Emerging data reveal that metabolism may control macrophage polarization and function and, conversely, phenotypic polarization may drive metabolic reprogramming. Methods Here we use biochemical analysis, correlative cryogenic fluorescence microscopy and cryo-focused ion-beam scanning electron microscopy. Results We demonstrate that growth hormone (GH) reprograms inflammatory GM-CSF-primed monocyte-derived macrophages (GM-MØ) by functioning as a metabolic modulator. We found that exogenous treatment of GM-MØ with recombinant human GH reduced glycolysis and lactate production to levels similar to those found in anti-inflammatory M-MØ. Moreover, GH treatment of GM-MØ augmented mitochondrial volume and altered mitochondrial dynamics, including the remodeling of the inner membrane to increase the density of cristae. Conclusions Our data demonstrate that GH likely serves a modulatory role in the metabolism of inflammatory macrophages and suggest that metabolic reprogramming of macrophages should be considered as a new target to intervene in inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blanca Soler Palacios
- Department of Immunology and Oncology, National Center for Biotechnology/The Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Ricardo Villares
- Department of Immunology and Oncology, National Center for Biotechnology/The Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Pilar Lucas
- Department of Immunology and Oncology, National Center for Biotechnology/The Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - José Miguel Rodríguez-Frade
- Department of Immunology and Oncology, National Center for Biotechnology/The Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Cayuela
- Biocomputing Unit, National Center for Biotechnology/The Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Jonathan G. Piccirillo
- Department of Macromolecular Structures, National Center for Biotechnology/The Spanish National Research Council) (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuel Lombardía
- Functional Proteomics Laboratory, National Center for Biotechnology/The Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - David Delgado Gestoso
- Department of Macromolecular Structures, National Center for Biotechnology/The Spanish National Research Council) (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel Fernández-García
- Metabolomic and Bioanalysis Center (CEMBIO), Pharmacy Faculty, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, Centre for Universitary Studies (CEU) Universities, Boadilla del Monte, Spain
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Medicine Faculty, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, Centre for Universitary Studies (CEU) Universities, Boadilla del Monte, Spain
| | - Cristina Risco
- Department of Macromolecular Structures, National Center for Biotechnology/The Spanish National Research Council) (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Coral Barbas
- Metabolomic and Bioanalysis Center (CEMBIO), Pharmacy Faculty, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, Centre for Universitary Studies (CEU) Universities, Boadilla del Monte, Spain
| | - Fernando Corrales
- Functional Proteomics Laboratory, National Center for Biotechnology/The Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Carlos Oscar S. Sorzano
- Biocomputing Unit, National Center for Biotechnology/The Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Nuria Martínez-Martín
- Tissue and Organ Homeostasis Program, Centro de Biologia Molecular Severo Ochoa, The Spanish National Research Council (CSIC)–Autonomus University of Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - José Javier Conesa
- Department of Macromolecular Structures, National Center for Biotechnology/The Spanish National Research Council) (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco J. Iborra
- Príncipe Felípe Research Centre (Associated Unit to the Biomedicine Institute of Valencia), Biomedicine Institute of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Mario Mellado
- Department of Immunology and Oncology, National Center for Biotechnology/The Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
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22
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Cheng X, Jiang W, Chen Y, Zou B, Wang Z, Gan L, Xiao Z, Li C, Yu CY, Lu Y, Han Z, Zeng J, Gu J, Chu T, Fu M, Chu Y, Zhang W, Tang J, Lu M. Acyloxyacyl hydrolase promotes pulmonary defense by preventing alveolar macrophage tolerance. PLoS Pathog 2023; 19:e1011556. [PMID: 37498977 PMCID: PMC10409266 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1011556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Although alveolar macrophages (AMs) play important roles in preventing and eliminating pulmonary infections, little is known about their regulation in healthy animals. Since exposure to LPS often renders cells hyporesponsive to subsequent LPS exposures ("tolerant"), we tested the hypothesis that LPS produced in the intestine reaches the lungs and stimulates AMs, rendering them tolerant. We found that resting AMs were more likely to be tolerant in mice lacking acyloxyacyl hydrolase (AOAH), the host lipase that degrades and inactivates LPS; isolated Aoah-/- AMs were less responsive to LPS stimulation and less phagocytic than were Aoah+/+ AMs. Upon innate stimulation in the airways, Aoah-/- mice had reduced epithelium- and macrophage-derived chemokine/cytokine production. Aoah-/- mice also developed greater and more prolonged loss of body weight and higher bacterial burdens after pulmonary challenge with Pseudomonas aeruginosa than did wildtype mice. We also found that bloodborne or intrarectally-administered LPS desensitized ("tolerized") AMs while antimicrobial drug treatment that reduced intestinal commensal Gram-negative bacterial abundance largely restored the innate responsiveness of Aoah-/- AMs. Confirming the role of LPS stimulation, the absence of TLR4 prevented Aoah-/- AM tolerance. We conclude that commensal LPSs may stimulate and desensitize (tolerize) alveolar macrophages in a TLR4-dependent manner and compromise pulmonary immunity. By inactivating LPS in the intestine, AOAH promotes antibacterial host defenses in the lung.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofang Cheng
- Department of Trauma-Emergency & Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Fifth People’s Hospital, Department of Immunology, Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology (MOE, NHC, CAMS), School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Jiang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, the Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Yeying Chen
- Department of Trauma-Emergency & Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Fifth People’s Hospital, Department of Immunology, Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology (MOE, NHC, CAMS), School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Benkun Zou
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhiyan Wang
- Department of Trauma-Emergency & Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Fifth People’s Hospital, Department of Immunology, Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology (MOE, NHC, CAMS), School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lu Gan
- Department of Trauma-Emergency & Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Fifth People’s Hospital, Department of Immunology, Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology (MOE, NHC, CAMS), School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zeling Xiao
- Department of Trauma-Emergency & Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Fifth People’s Hospital, Department of Immunology, Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology (MOE, NHC, CAMS), School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Changshun Li
- Department of Trauma-Emergency & Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Fifth People’s Hospital, Department of Immunology, Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology (MOE, NHC, CAMS), School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Cheng-Yun Yu
- Department of Trauma-Emergency & Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Fifth People’s Hospital, Department of Immunology, Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology (MOE, NHC, CAMS), School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yimeng Lu
- Department of Trauma-Emergency & Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Fifth People’s Hospital, Department of Immunology, Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology (MOE, NHC, CAMS), School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zeyao Han
- Department of Trauma-Emergency & Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Fifth People’s Hospital, Department of Immunology, Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology (MOE, NHC, CAMS), School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiashun Zeng
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, the Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Jie Gu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tianqing Chu
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mingsheng Fu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Fifth People’s Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yiwei Chu
- Department of Trauma-Emergency & Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Fifth People’s Hospital, Department of Immunology, Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology (MOE, NHC, CAMS), School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Innovative Center for New Drug Development of Immune Inflammatory Diseases, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenhong Zhang
- Shanghai Huashen Institute of Microbes and Infections, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianguo Tang
- Department of Trauma-Emergency & Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Fifth People’s Hospital, Department of Immunology, Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology (MOE, NHC, CAMS), School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mingfang Lu
- Department of Trauma-Emergency & Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Fifth People’s Hospital, Department of Immunology, Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology (MOE, NHC, CAMS), School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Innovative Center for New Drug Development of Immune Inflammatory Diseases, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
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23
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Jaisinghani P, Kumar R. Obesity and Viral Infections. Gastroenterol Clin North Am 2023; 52:393-402. [PMID: 37197881 DOI: 10.1016/j.gtc.2023.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
The 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) triggered a rapidly expanding global pandemic. The presence of obesity in patients with COVID-19 has been established as a risk factor for disease severity, hospital admission, and mortality. Thus, it is imperative those living with obesity be vaccinated against COVID-19. Although there is a timeframe COVID-19 vaccines are efficacious in those living with obesity, more studies need to be conducted to ensure that those long-lasting protection is maintained, as obesity has implications on the immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priya Jaisinghani
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Rekha Kumar
- Division of Endocrinology, New York-Presbyterian Hospital and Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
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24
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Vasse GF, Russo S, Barcaru A, Oun AAA, Dolga AM, van Rijn P, Kwiatkowski M, Govorukhina N, Bischoff R, Melgert BN. Collagen type I alters the proteomic signature of macrophages in a collagen morphology-dependent manner. Sci Rep 2023; 13:5670. [PMID: 37024614 PMCID: PMC10079972 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-32715-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis is a progressive lung disease that causes scarring and loss of lung function. Macrophages play a key role in fibrosis, but their responses to altered morphological and mechanical properties of the extracellular matrix in fibrosis is relatively unexplored. Our previous work showed functional changes in murine fetal liver-derived alveolar macrophages on fibrous or globular collagen morphologies. In this study, we applied differential proteomics to further investigate molecular mechanisms underlying the observed functional changes. Macrophages cultured on uncoated, fibrous, or globular collagen-coated plastic were analyzed by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. The presence of collagen affected expression of 77 proteins, while 142 were differentially expressed between macrophages grown on fibrous or globular collagen. Biological process and pathway enrichment analysis revealed that culturing on any type of collagen induced higher expression of enzymes involved in glycolysis. However, this did not lead to a higher rate of glycolysis, probably because of a concomitant decrease in activity of these enzymes. Our data suggest that macrophages sense collagen morphologies and can respond with changes in expression and activity of metabolism-related proteins. These findings suggest intimate interactions between macrophages and their surroundings that may be important in repair or fibrosis of lung tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gwenda F Vasse
- Biomedical Engineering Department-FB40, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
- University Medical Center Groningen, W.J. Kolff Institute for Biomedical Engineering and Materials Science-FB41, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
- University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Sara Russo
- Department of Analytical Biochemistry, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Andrei Barcaru
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Asmaa A A Oun
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Department of Cell Biochemistry, Groningen Institute of Biomolecular Sciences & Biotechnology, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Amalia M Dolga
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Patrick van Rijn
- Biomedical Engineering Department-FB40, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
- University Medical Center Groningen, W.J. Kolff Institute for Biomedical Engineering and Materials Science-FB41, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Marcel Kwiatkowski
- Functional Proteo-Metabolomics, Department of Biochemistry, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Natalia Govorukhina
- Department of Analytical Biochemistry, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Rainer Bischoff
- Department of Analytical Biochemistry, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Barbro N Melgert
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
- University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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25
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Pahari S, Arnett E, Simper J, Azad A, Guerrero-Arguero I, Ye C, Zhang H, Cai H, Wang Y, Lai Z, Jarvis N, Lumbreras M, Maselli-Caceres DJ, Peters J, Torrelles JB, Martinez-Sobrido L, Schlesinger LS. A new tractable method for generating Human Alveolar Macrophage Like cells in vitro to study lung inflammatory processes and diseases. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.04.05.535806. [PMID: 37066199 PMCID: PMC10104118 DOI: 10.1101/2023.04.05.535806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/18/2023]
Abstract
Alveolar macrophages (AMs) are unique lung resident cells that contact airborne pathogens and environmental particulates. The contribution of human AMs (HAM) to pulmonary diseases remains poorly understood due to difficulty in accessing them from human donors and their rapid phenotypic change during in vitro culture. Thus, there remains an unmet need for cost-effective methods for generating and/or differentiating primary cells into a HAM phenotype, particularly important for translational and clinical studies. We developed cell culture conditions that mimic the lung alveolar environment in humans using lung lipids, i.e. , Infasurf (calfactant, natural bovine surfactant) and lung-associated cytokines (GM-CSF, TGF-β, and IL-10) that facilitate the conversion of blood-obtained monocytes to an AM-Like (AML) phenotype and function in tissue culture. Similar to HAM, AML cells are particularly susceptible to both Mycobacterium tuberculosis and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infections. This study reveals the importance of alveolar space components in the development and maintenance of HAM phenotype and function, and provides a readily accessible model to study HAM in infectious and inflammatory disease processes, as well as therapies and vaccines. IMPORTANCE Millions die annually from respiratory disorders. Lower respiratory track gas-exchanging alveoli maintain a precarious balance between fighting invaders and minimizing tissue damage. Key players herein are resident AMs. However, there are no easily accessible in vitro models of HAMs, presenting a huge scientific challenge. Here we present a novel model for generating AML cells based on differentiating blood monocytes in a defined lung component cocktail. This model is non-invasive, significantly less costly than performing a bronchoalveolar lavage, yields more AML cells than HAMs per donor and retains their phenotype in culture. We have applied this model to early studies of M. tuberculosis and SARS-CoV-2. This model will significantly advance respiratory biology research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanta Pahari
- Host Pathogen Interactions and Population Health programs, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Eusondia Arnett
- Host Pathogen Interactions and Population Health programs, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Jan Simper
- Host Pathogen Interactions and Population Health programs, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
- Department of Molecular Immunology and Microbiology, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Abul Azad
- Host Pathogen Interactions and Population Health programs, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Israel Guerrero-Arguero
- Host Pathogen Interactions and Population Health programs, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Chengjin Ye
- Host Pathogen Interactions and Population Health programs, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Hao Zhang
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, South Texas Center for Emerging Infectious diseases, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Hong Cai
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, South Texas Center for Emerging Infectious diseases, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Yufeng Wang
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, South Texas Center for Emerging Infectious diseases, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Zhao Lai
- Department of Molecular Medicine, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Natalie Jarvis
- Host Pathogen Interactions and Population Health programs, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
- Department of Molecular Immunology and Microbiology, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Miranda Lumbreras
- Host Pathogen Interactions and Population Health programs, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | | | - Jay Peters
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, UT Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX 78207
| | - Jordi B Torrelles
- Host Pathogen Interactions and Population Health programs, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Luis Martinez-Sobrido
- Host Pathogen Interactions and Population Health programs, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Larry S Schlesinger
- Host Pathogen Interactions and Population Health programs, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
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26
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Wculek SK, Heras-Murillo I, Mastrangelo A, Mañanes D, Galán M, Miguel V, Curtabbi A, Barbas C, Chandel NS, Enríquez JA, Lamas S, Sancho D. Oxidative phosphorylation selectively orchestrates tissue macrophage homeostasis. Immunity 2023; 56:516-530.e9. [PMID: 36738738 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2023.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
In vitro studies have associated oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) with anti-inflammatory macrophages, whereas pro-inflammatory macrophages rely on glycolysis. However, the metabolic needs of macrophages in tissues (TMFs) to fulfill their homeostatic activities are incompletely understood. Here, we identified OXPHOS as the highest discriminating process among TMFs from different organs in homeostasis by analysis of RNA-seq data in both humans and mice. Impairing OXPHOS in TMFs via Tfam deletion differentially affected TMF populations. Tfam deletion resulted in reduction of alveolar macrophages (AMs) due to impaired lipid-handling capacity, leading to increased cholesterol content and cellular stress, causing cell-cycle arrest in vivo. In obesity, Tfam depletion selectively ablated pro-inflammatory lipid-handling white adipose tissue macrophages (WAT-MFs), thus preventing insulin resistance and hepatosteatosis. Hence, OXPHOS, rather than glycolysis, distinguishes TMF populations and is critical for the maintenance of TMFs with a high lipid-handling activity, including pro-inflammatory WAT-MFs. This could provide a selective therapeutic targeting tool.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie K Wculek
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Ignacio Heras-Murillo
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Annalaura Mastrangelo
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Diego Mañanes
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel Galán
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Verónica Miguel
- Program of Physiological and Pathological Processes, Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa" (CBMSO, CSIC-UAM), 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Andrea Curtabbi
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), 28029 Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigaciónes Biomédicas en Red en Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludabe (CIBERFES), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Coral Barbas
- Centro de Metabolómica y Bioanálisis (CEMBIO), School of Pharmacy, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Urbanización Montepríncipe, Boadilla del Monte, 28660 Madrid, Spain
| | - Navdeep S Chandel
- Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - José Antonio Enríquez
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), 28029 Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigaciónes Biomédicas en Red en Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludabe (CIBERFES), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Santiago Lamas
- Program of Physiological and Pathological Processes, Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa" (CBMSO, CSIC-UAM), 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - David Sancho
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
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Sha JF, Xie QM, Chen N, Song SM, Ruan Y, Zhao CC, Liu Q, Shi RH, Jiang XQ, Fei GH, Wu HM. TLR2-hif1α-mediated glycolysis contributes to pyroptosis and oxidative stress in allergic airway inflammation. Free Radic Biol Med 2023; 200:102-116. [PMID: 36907255 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2023.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/13/2023]
Abstract
As a pattern recognition receptor which activates innate immune system, toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) has been reportedly mediates allergic airway inflammation (AAI), yet the underlying mechanism remains elusive. Here, in a murine AAI model, TLR2-/- mice showed decreased airway inflammation, pyroptosis and oxidative stress. RNA-sequencing revealed that allergen-induced hif1 signaling pathway and glycolysis were significantly downregulated when TLR2 was deficient, which were confirmed by lung protein immunoblots. Glycolysis inhibitor 2-Deoxy-d-glucose (2-DG) inhibited allergen-induced airway inflammation, pyroptosis, oxidative stress and glycolysis in wild type (WT) mice, while hif1α stabilizer ethyl 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate (EDHB) restored theses allergen-induced changes in TLR2-/- mice, indicating TLR2-hif1α-mediated glycolysis contributes to pyroptosis and oxidative stress in AAI. Moreover, upon allergen challenge, lung macrophages were highly activated in WT mice but were less activated in TLR2-/- mice, 2-DG replicated while EDHB reversed such effect of TLR2 deficiency on lung macrophages. Likewise, both in vivo and ex vivo WT alveolar macrophages (AMs) exhibited higher TLR2/hif1α expression, glycolysis and polarization activation in response to ovalbumin (OVA), which were all inhibited in TLR2-/- AMs, suggesting AMs activation and metabolic switch are dependent on TLR2. Finally, depletion of resident AMs in TLR2-/- mice abolished while transfer of TLR2-/- resident AMs to WT mice replicated the protective effect of TLR2 deficiency on AAI when administered before allergen challenge. Collectively, we suggested that loss of TLR2-hif1α-mediated glycolysis in resident AMs ameliorates allergic airway inflammation that inhibits pyroptosis and oxidative stress, therefore the TLR2-hif1α-glycolysis axis in resident AMs may be a novel therapeutic target for AAI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Feng Sha
- Anhui Geriatric Institute, Department of Geriatric Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Jixi Road 218, Hefei, Anhui, 230022, PR China; Key Laboratory of Geriatric Molecular Medicine of Anhui Province, Jixi Road No.218, Hefei, Anhui, 230022, PR China; Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease Research and Medical Transformation of Anhui Province, Jixi Road 218, Hefei, Anhui, 230022, PR China
| | - Qiu-Meng Xie
- Anhui Geriatric Institute, Department of Geriatric Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Jixi Road 218, Hefei, Anhui, 230022, PR China; Key Laboratory of Geriatric Molecular Medicine of Anhui Province, Jixi Road No.218, Hefei, Anhui, 230022, PR China; Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease Research and Medical Transformation of Anhui Province, Jixi Road 218, Hefei, Anhui, 230022, PR China
| | - Ning Chen
- Anhui Geriatric Institute, Department of Geriatric Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Jixi Road 218, Hefei, Anhui, 230022, PR China; Key Laboratory of Geriatric Molecular Medicine of Anhui Province, Jixi Road No.218, Hefei, Anhui, 230022, PR China; Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease Research and Medical Transformation of Anhui Province, Jixi Road 218, Hefei, Anhui, 230022, PR China
| | - Si-Ming Song
- Anhui Geriatric Institute, Department of Geriatric Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Jixi Road 218, Hefei, Anhui, 230022, PR China; Key Laboratory of Geriatric Molecular Medicine of Anhui Province, Jixi Road No.218, Hefei, Anhui, 230022, PR China; Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease Research and Medical Transformation of Anhui Province, Jixi Road 218, Hefei, Anhui, 230022, PR China
| | - Ya Ruan
- Anhui Geriatric Institute, Department of Geriatric Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Jixi Road 218, Hefei, Anhui, 230022, PR China; Key Laboratory of Geriatric Molecular Medicine of Anhui Province, Jixi Road No.218, Hefei, Anhui, 230022, PR China; Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease Research and Medical Transformation of Anhui Province, Jixi Road 218, Hefei, Anhui, 230022, PR China
| | - Cui-Cui Zhao
- Anhui Geriatric Institute, Department of Geriatric Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Jixi Road 218, Hefei, Anhui, 230022, PR China; Key Laboratory of Geriatric Molecular Medicine of Anhui Province, Jixi Road No.218, Hefei, Anhui, 230022, PR China; Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease Research and Medical Transformation of Anhui Province, Jixi Road 218, Hefei, Anhui, 230022, PR China
| | - Qian Liu
- Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Huang Shan Road 443, Hefei, Anhui, 230027, PR China
| | - Rong-Hua Shi
- Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Huang Shan Road 443, Hefei, Anhui, 230027, PR China
| | - Xu-Qin Jiang
- Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Huang Shan Road 443, Hefei, Anhui, 230027, PR China; Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China, Lujiang Road 17, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, PR China.
| | - Guang-He Fei
- Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease Research and Medical Transformation of Anhui Province, Jixi Road 218, Hefei, Anhui, 230022, PR China; Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Jixi Road 218, Hefei, Anhui, 230022, PR China.
| | - Hui-Mei Wu
- Anhui Geriatric Institute, Department of Geriatric Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Jixi Road 218, Hefei, Anhui, 230022, PR China; Key Laboratory of Geriatric Molecular Medicine of Anhui Province, Jixi Road No.218, Hefei, Anhui, 230022, PR China; Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease Research and Medical Transformation of Anhui Province, Jixi Road 218, Hefei, Anhui, 230022, PR China.
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Malaviya R, Gardner CR, Rancourt RC, Smith LC, Abramova EV, Vayas KN, Gow AJ, Laskin JD, Laskin DL. Lung injury and oxidative stress induced by inhaled chlorine in mice is associated with proinflammatory activation of macrophages and altered bioenergetics. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2023; 461:116388. [PMID: 36690086 PMCID: PMC9960611 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2023.116388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Chlorine (Cl2) gas is a highly toxic and oxidizing irritant that causes life-threatening lung injuries. Herein, we investigated the impact of Cl2-induced injury and oxidative stress on lung macrophage phenotype and function. Spontaneously breathing male C57BL/6J mice were exposed to air or Cl2 (300 ppm, 25 min) in a whole-body exposure chamber. Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid and cells, and lung tissue were collected 24 h later and analyzed for markers of injury, oxidative stress and macrophage activation. Exposure of mice to Cl2 resulted in increases in numbers of BAL cells and levels of IgM, total protein, and fibrinogen, indicating alveolar epithelial barrier dysfunction and inflammation. BAL levels of inflammatory proteins including surfactant protein (SP)-D, soluble receptor for glycation end product (sRAGE) and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 were also increased. Cl2 inhalation resulted in upregulation of phospho-histone H2A.X, a marker of double-strand DNA breaks in the bronchiolar epithelium and alveolar cells; oxidative stress proteins, heme oxygenase (HO)-1 and catalase were also upregulated. Flow cytometric analysis of BAL cells revealed increases in proinflammatory macrophages following Cl2 exposure, whereas numbers of resident and antiinflammatory macrophages were not altered. This was associated with increases in numbers of macrophages expressing cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), markers of proinflammatory activation, with no effect on mannose receptor (MR) or Ym-1 expression, markers of antiinflammatory activation. Metabolic analysis of lung cells showed increases in glycolytic activity following Cl2 exposure in line with proinflammatory macrophage activation. Mechanistic understanding of Cl2-induced injury will be useful in the identification of efficacious countermeasures for mitigating morbidity and mortality of this highly toxic gas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rama Malaviya
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, USA
| | - Carol R Gardner
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, USA
| | - Raymond C Rancourt
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, USA
| | - Ley Cody Smith
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, USA
| | - Elena V Abramova
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, USA
| | - Kinal N Vayas
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, USA
| | - Andrew J Gow
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, USA
| | - Jeffrey D Laskin
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health and Justice, School of Public Health, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Debra L Laskin
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, USA.
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Pereverzeva L, Otto NA, Peters-Sengers H, Roelofs JJTH, de Vos AF, van der Poll T. Role of Hypoxia-inducible factor 1α in host defense during pneumococcal pneumonia. Pathog Dis 2023; 81:6939823. [PMID: 36535641 DOI: 10.1093/femspd/ftac047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)1α is a transcription factor involved in cellular metabolism and regulation of immune cell effector functions. Here, we studied the role of HIF1α in myeloid cells during pneumonia caused by the major causative pathogen, Streptococcus pneumoniae (Spneu). Mice deficient for HIF1α in myeloid cells (LysMcreHif1αfl/fl) were generated to study the in vitro responsiveness of bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) and alveolar macrophages (AMs) to the Gram-positive bacterial wall component lipoteichoic acid (LTA) and heat-killed Spneu, and the in vivo host response after infection with Spneu via the airways. Both BMDMs and AMs released more lactate upon stimulation with LTA or Spneu, indicative of enhanced glycolysis; HIF1α-deficiency in these cells was associated with diminished lactate release. In BMDMs, HIF1α-deficiency resulted in reduced secretion of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)α and interleukin (IL)-6 upon activation with Spneu but not LTA, while HIF1α-deficient AMs secreted less TNFα and IL-6 in response to LTA, and TNFα after Spneu stimulation. However, no difference was found in the host response of LysMcreHif1αfl/fl mice after Spneu infection as compared to controls. Similar in vivo findings were obtained in neutrophil (Mrp8creHif1αfl/fl) HIF1α-deficient mice. These data suggest that myeloid HIF1α is dispensable for the host defense during pneumococcal pneumonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liza Pereverzeva
- Center of Experimental & Molecular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Amsterdam Infection & Immunity Institute, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Natasja A Otto
- Center of Experimental & Molecular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Amsterdam Infection & Immunity Institute, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Hessel Peters-Sengers
- Center of Experimental & Molecular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Joris J T H Roelofs
- Amsterdam Infection & Immunity Institute, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Department of Pathology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Alex F de Vos
- Center of Experimental & Molecular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Amsterdam Infection & Immunity Institute, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Tom van der Poll
- Center of Experimental & Molecular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Amsterdam Infection & Immunity Institute, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Division of Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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30
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Namgaladze D, Brüne B. Rapid glycolytic activation accompanying innate immune responses: mechanisms and function. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1180488. [PMID: 37153593 PMCID: PMC10158531 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1180488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Innate immune responses to pathogens, mediated by activation of pattern recognition receptors and downstream signal transduction cascades, trigger rapid transcriptional and epigenetic changes to support increased expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and other effector molecules. Innate immune cells also rapidly rewire their metabolism. The most prominent metabolic alteration following innate immune activation is rapid up-regulation of glycolysis. In this mini-review, we summarize recent advances regarding the mechanisms of rapid glycolytic activation in innate immune cells, highlighting the relevant signaling components. We also discuss the impact of glycolytic activation on inflammatory responses, including the recently elucidated links of metabolism and epigenetics. Finally, we highlight unresolved mechanistic details of glycolytic activation and possible avenues of future research in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitry Namgaladze
- Institute of Biochemistry I, Faculty of Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
- *Correspondence: Dmitry Namgaladze,
| | - Bernhard Brüne
- Institute of Biochemistry I, Faculty of Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Frankfurt, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
- Frankfurt Cancer Institute, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
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31
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Marrocco A, Ortiz LA. Role of metabolic reprogramming in pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion from LPS or silica-activated macrophages. Front Immunol 2022; 13:936167. [PMID: 36341426 PMCID: PMC9633986 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.936167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In the lungs, macrophages constitute the first line of defense against pathogens and foreign bodies and play a fundamental role in maintaining tissue homeostasis. Activated macrophages show altered immunometabolism and metabolic changes governing immune effector mechanisms, such as cytokine secretion characterizing their classic (M1) or alternative (M2) activation. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated macrophages demonstrate enhanced glycolysis, blocked succinate dehydrogenase (SDH), and increased secretion of interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α). Glycolysis suppression using 2 deoxyglucose in LPS-stimulated macrophages inhibits IL-1β secretion, but not TNF-α, indicating metabolic pathway specificity that determines cytokine production. In contrast to LPS, the nature of the immunometabolic responses induced by non-organic particles, such as silica, in macrophages, its contribution to cytokine specification, and disease pathogenesis are not well understood. Silica-stimulated macrophages activate pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) and NLRP3 inflammasome and release IL-1β, TNF-α, and interferons, which are the key mediators of silicosis pathogenesis. In contrast to bacteria, silica particles cannot be degraded, and the persistent macrophage activation results in an increased NADPH oxidase (Phox) activation and mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, ultimately leading to macrophage death and release of silica particles that perpetuate inflammation. In this manuscript, we reviewed the effects of silica on macrophage mitochondrial respiration and central carbon metabolism determining cytokine specification responsible for the sustained inflammatory responses in the lungs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonella Marrocco
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Luis A. Ortiz
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
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32
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Pereverzeva L, van Linge CCA, Schuurman AR, Klarenbeek AM, Ramirez Moral I, Otto NA, Peters-Sengers H, Butler JM, Schomakers BV, van Weeghel M, Houtkooper RH, Wiersinga WJ, Bonta PI, Annema JT, de Vos AF, van der Poll T. Human alveolar macrophages do not rely on glucose metabolism upon activation by lipopolysaccharide. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2022; 1868:166488. [PMID: 35835414 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2022.166488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Most macrophages generate energy to mount an inflammatory cytokine response by increased glucose metabolism through intracellular glycolysis. Previous studies have suggested that alveolar macrophages (AMs), which reside in a glucose-poor natural environment, are less capable to utilize glycolysis and instead rely on other substrates to fuel oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) for energy supply. At present, it is not known whether AMs are capable to use glucose metabolism to produce cytokines when other metabolic options are blocked. Here, we studied human AMs retrieved by bronchoalveolar lavage from healthy subjects, and examined their glucose metabolism in response to activation by the gram-negative bacterial component lipopolysaccharide (LPS) ex vivo. The immunological and metabolic responses of AMs were compared to those of cultured blood monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs) from the same subjects. LPS stimulation enhanced cytokine release by both AMs and MDMs, which was associated with increased lactate release by MDMs (reflecting glycolysis), but not by AMs. In agreement, LPS induced higher mRNA expression of multiple glycolytic regulators in MDMs, but not in AMs. Flux analyses of [13C]-glucose revealed no differences in [13C]-incorporation in glucose metabolism intermediates in AMs. Inhibition of OXPHOS by oligomycin strongly reduced LPS-induced cytokine production by AMs, but not by MDMs. Collectively, these results indicate that human AMs, in contrast to MDMs, do not use glucose metabolism during LPS-induced activation and fully rely on OXPHOS for cytokine production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liza Pereverzeva
- Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Christine C A van Linge
- Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Alex R Schuurman
- Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Augustijn M Klarenbeek
- Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Ivan Ramirez Moral
- Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Natasja A Otto
- Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Hessel Peters-Sengers
- Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Joe M Butler
- Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Bauke V Schomakers
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Core Facility Metabolomics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Michel van Weeghel
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Core Facility Metabolomics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Riekelt H Houtkooper
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - W Joost Wiersinga
- Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Division of Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Peter I Bonta
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jouke T Annema
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Alex F de Vos
- Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Tom van der Poll
- Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Division of Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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Hernandez A, Zhou J, Bohannon JK, McBride MA, Gibson-Corley KN, Patil NK, Owen AM, Burelbach KR, Sherwood ER. INTRAPULMONARY TREATMENT WITH A NOVEL TLR4 AGONIST CONFERS PROTECTION AGAINST KLEBSIELLA PNEUMONIA. Shock 2022; 58:295-303. [PMID: 36018281 PMCID: PMC9647733 DOI: 10.1097/shk.0000000000001977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Objectives: Nosocomial pneumonia is a common complication in critically ill patients. The goal of this study was to examine the efficacy of the Toll-like receptor 4 agonist 3-deacyl phosphorylated hexacyl disaccharide (3D PHAD), in a clinically relevant murine model of pneumonia, and assess the cellular mechanisms that mediate the protective response. Design: Mice received intrapulmonary 3D PHAD (20 μg) or vehicle for 2 consecutive days before challenge with intrapulmonary Klebsiella pneumoniae (2.3 × 10 3 colony-forming units). Mice were followed for 14-day survival, pulmonary K. pneumoniae burden, lung leukocyte profile, leukocyte phagocytic capacity, and cytokine production. Pneumonia severity and leukocyte recruitment were further assessed by histological evaluation. Setting: Research laboratory. Subjects: Wild-type, male C57BL/6 J mice. Interventions: Intrapulmonary treatment with 20 μg 3D PHAD for 2 consecutive days. Measurements and main results: Intrapulmonary treatment with 3D PHAD decreased lung K. pneumoniae colony-forming units and pneumonia severity with an associated improvement in survival compared with mice treated with vehicle. The numbers of neutrophils, monocytes, and macrophages in the lungs of 3D PHAD-treated mice were higher than those in vehicle-treated mice before infection but were not significantly different from vehicle-treated mice at 48 h after K. pneumoniae challenge. Lung innate leukocytes from 3D PHAD-treated mice had increased phagocytic capacity. Treatment with 3D PHAD alone increased cytokines in the lungs but decreased cytokines in plasma during K. pneumoniae pneumonia as compared with control. Conclusions: Intrapulmonary treatment with 3D PHAD augments innate immunity in the lung and facilitates resistance to K. pneumoniae pneumonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Hernandez
- Department of Anesthesiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Jing Zhou
- Department of Anesthesiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Julia K. Bohannon
- Department of Anesthesiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Margaret A. McBride
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Katherine N. Gibson-Corley
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Naeem K. Patil
- Department of Anesthesiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Allison M. Owen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Katherine R. Burelbach
- Department of Anesthesiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Edward R. Sherwood
- Department of Anesthesiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
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Haggadone MD, Speth J, Hong HS, Penke LR, Zhang E, Lyssiotis CA, Peters-Golden M. ATP citrate lyase links increases in glycolysis to diminished release of vesicular suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 by alveolar macrophages. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2022; 1868:166458. [PMID: 35700791 PMCID: PMC9940702 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2022.166458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are important vectors for intercellular communication. Lung-resident alveolar macrophages (AMs) tonically secrete EVs containing suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 (SOCS3), a cytosolic protein that promotes homeostasis in the distal lung via its actions in recipient neighboring epithelial cells. AMs are metabolically distinct and exhibit low levels of glycolysis at steady state. To our knowledge, whether cellular metabolism influences the packaging and release of an EV cargo molecule has never been explored in any cellular context. Here, we report that increases in glycolysis following in vitro exposure of AMs to the growth and activating factor granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor inhibit the release of vesicular SOCS3 by primary AMs. Glycolytically diminished SOCS3 secretion requires export of citrate from the mitochondria to the cytosol and its subsequent conversion to acetyl-CoA by ATP citrate lyase. Our data for the first time implicate perturbations in intracellular metabolites in the regulation of vesicular cargo packaging and secretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikel D Haggadone
- Graduate Program in Immunology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Jennifer Speth
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Hanna S Hong
- Graduate Program in Immunology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 41809, USA; Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 41809, USA
| | - Loka R Penke
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Eric Zhang
- Undergraduate Research Opportunity Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Costas A Lyssiotis
- Graduate Program in Immunology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 41809, USA; Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 41809, USA
| | - Marc Peters-Golden
- Graduate Program in Immunology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
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Aktories P, Petry P, Glatz P, Andrieux G, Oschwald A, Botterer H, Gorka O, Erny D, Boerries M, Henneke P, Groß O, Prinz M, Kierdorf K. An improved organotypic cell culture system to study tissue-resident macrophages ex vivo. CELL REPORTS METHODS 2022; 2:100260. [PMID: 36046625 PMCID: PMC9421540 DOI: 10.1016/j.crmeth.2022.100260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Tissue-resident macrophages (TRMs) perform organ-specific functions that are dependent on factors such as hematopoietic origin, local environment, and biological influences. A diverse range of in vitro culture systems have been developed to decipher TRM functions, including bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs), induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived TRMs, or immortalized cell lines. However, despite the usefulness of such systems, there are notable limitations. Attempts to culture primary macrophages often require purification of cells and lack a high cell yield and consistent phenotype. Here, we aimed to address these limitations by establishing an organotypic primary cell culture protocol. We obtained long-term monocultures of macrophages derived from distinct organs without prior purification using specific growth factors and tissue normoxic conditions that largely conserved a TRM-like identity in vitro. Thus, this organotypic system offers an ideal screening platform for primary macrophages from different organs that can be used for a wide range of assays and readouts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Aktories
- Institute of Neuropathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Philippe Petry
- Institute of Neuropathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Paulo Glatz
- Institute of Neuropathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Geoffroy Andrieux
- Institute of Medical Bioinformatics and Systems Medicine, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Alexander Oschwald
- Institute of Neuropathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Hannah Botterer
- Institute of Neuropathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Oliver Gorka
- Institute of Neuropathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Daniel Erny
- Institute of Neuropathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
- Berta-Ottenstein-Program for Advanced Clinician Scientists, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Melanie Boerries
- Institute of Medical Bioinformatics and Systems Medicine, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Freiburg, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Philipp Henneke
- CIBSS-Center for Integrative Biological Signaling Studies, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
- Institute for Immunodeficiency, Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency, and Center for Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Olaf Groß
- Institute of Neuropathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
- Center for Basics in NeuroModulation (NeuroModulBasics), Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
- Signaling Research Centers BIOSS and CIBSS, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Marco Prinz
- Institute of Neuropathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
- Center for Basics in NeuroModulation (NeuroModulBasics), Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
- Signaling Research Centers BIOSS and CIBSS, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Katrin Kierdorf
- Institute of Neuropathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
- CIBSS-Center for Integrative Biological Signaling Studies, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
- Center for Basics in NeuroModulation (NeuroModulBasics), Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
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Kozik AJ, Holguin F, Segal LN, Chatila TA, Dixon AE, Gern JE, Lozupone C, Lukacs N, Lumeng C, Molyneaux PL, Reisdorph N, Vujkovic-Cvijin I, Togias A, Huang YJ. Microbiome, Metabolism, and Immunoregulation of Asthma: An American Thoracic Society and National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases Workshop Report. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2022; 67:155-163. [PMID: 35914321 PMCID: PMC9348558 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2022-0216st] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
This report presents the proceedings from a workshop titled "Microbiome, Metabolism and Immunoregulation of Asthma" that was held virtually May 13 and 14, 2021. The workshop was jointly sponsored by the American Thoracic Society (Assembly on Allergy, Immunology, and Inflammation) and the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases. It convened an interdisciplinary group of experts with backgrounds in asthma immunology, microbiome science, metabolomics, computational biology, and translational pulmonary research. The main purpose was to identify key scientific gaps and needs to further advance research on microbial and metabolic mechanisms that may contribute to variable immune responses and disease heterogeneity in asthma. Discussions were structured around several topics, including 1) immune and microbial mechanisms of asthma pathogenesis in murine models, 2) the role of microbes in pediatric asthma exacerbations, 3) dysregulated metabolic pathways in asthma associated with obesity, 4) metabolism effects on macrophage function in adipose tissue and the lungs, 5) computational approaches to dissect microbiome-metabolite links, and 6) potential confounders of microbiome-disease associations in human studies. This report summarizes the major points of discussion, which included identification of specific knowledge gaps, challenges, and suggested directions for future research. These include questions surrounding mechanisms by which microbiota and metabolites shape host health versus an allergic or asthmatic state; direct and indirect influences of other biological factors, exposures, and comorbidities on these interactions; and ongoing technical and analytical gaps for clinical translation.
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Guo Z, Yang H, Zhang JR, Zeng W, Hu X. Leptin receptor signaling sustains metabolic fitness of alveolar macrophages to attenuate pulmonary inflammation. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabo3064. [PMID: 35857512 PMCID: PMC9286500 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abo3064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Alveolar macrophages (AMs) are critical mediators of pulmonary inflammation. Given the unique lung tissue environment, whether there exist AM-specific mechanisms that control inflammation is not known. Here, we found that among various tissue-resident macrophage populations, AMs specifically expressed Lepr, encoding receptor for a key metabolic hormone leptin. AM-intrinsic Lepr signaling attenuated pulmonary inflammation in vivo, manifested as subdued acute lung injury yet compromised host defense against Streptococcus pneumoniae infection. Lepr signaling protected AMs from necroptosis and thus constrained neutrophil recruitment and tissue damage secondary to release of proinflammatory cytokine interleukin-1α. Mechanistically, Lepr signaling sustained activation of adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase in a Ca2+ influx-dependent manner and rewired cellular metabolism, thus preventing excessive lipid droplet formation and overloaded metabolic stress in a lipid-rich alveolar microenvironment. In conclusion, our results defined AM-expressed Lepr as a metabolic checkpoint of pulmonary inflammation and exemplified a macrophage tissue adaptation strategy for maintenance of immune homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyi Guo
- Institute for Immunology and School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Immunological Research on Chronic Diseases, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Haoqi Yang
- Institute for Immunology and School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Immunological Research on Chronic Diseases, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jing-Ren Zhang
- Center for Infectious Disease Research, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Wenwen Zeng
- Institute for Immunology and School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Immunological Research on Chronic Diseases, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xiaoyu Hu
- Institute for Immunology and School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Immunological Research on Chronic Diseases, Beijing 100084, China
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Woods PS, Kimmig LM, Sun KA, Meliton AY, Shamaa OR, Tian Y, Cetin-Atalay R, Sharp WW, Hamanaka RB, Mutlu GM. HIF-1α induces glycolytic reprograming in tissue-resident alveolar macrophages to promote cell survival during acute lung injury. eLife 2022; 11:e77457. [PMID: 35822617 PMCID: PMC9323005 DOI: 10.7554/elife.77457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 07/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellular metabolism is a critical regulator of macrophage effector function. Tissue-resident alveolar macrophages (TR-AMs) inhabit a unique niche marked by high oxygen and low glucose. We have recently shown that in contrast to bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs), TR-AMs do not utilize glycolysis and instead predominantly rely on mitochondrial function for their effector response. It is not known how changes in local oxygen concentration that occur during conditions such as acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) might affect TR-AM metabolism and function; however, ARDS is associated with progressive loss of TR-AMs, which correlates with the severity of disease and mortality. Here, we demonstrate that hypoxia robustly stabilizes HIF-1α in TR-AMs to promote a glycolytic phenotype. Hypoxia altered TR-AM metabolite signatures, cytokine production, and decreased their sensitivity to the inhibition of mitochondrial function. By contrast, hypoxia had minimal effects on BMDM metabolism. The effects of hypoxia on TR-AMs were mimicked by FG-4592, a HIF-1α stabilizer. Treatment with FG-4592 decreased TR-AM death and attenuated acute lung injury in mice. These findings reveal the importance of microenvironment in determining macrophage metabolic phenotype and highlight the therapeutic potential in targeting cellular metabolism to improve outcomes in diseases characterized by acute inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parker S Woods
- Department of Medicine, Section of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The University of ChicagoChicagoUnited States
| | - Lucas M Kimmig
- Department of Medicine, Section of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The University of ChicagoChicagoUnited States
| | - Kaitlyn A Sun
- Department of Medicine, Section of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The University of ChicagoChicagoUnited States
| | - Angelo Y Meliton
- Department of Medicine, Section of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The University of ChicagoChicagoUnited States
| | - Obada R Shamaa
- Department of Medicine, Section of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The University of ChicagoChicagoUnited States
| | - Yufeng Tian
- Department of Medicine, Section of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The University of ChicagoChicagoUnited States
| | - Rengül Cetin-Atalay
- Department of Medicine, Section of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The University of ChicagoChicagoUnited States
| | - Willard W Sharp
- Department of Medicine, Section of Emergency Medicine, The University of ChicagoChicagoUnited States
| | - Robert B Hamanaka
- Department of Medicine, Section of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The University of ChicagoChicagoUnited States
| | - Gökhan M Mutlu
- Department of Medicine, Section of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The University of ChicagoChicagoUnited States
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Andrews JT, Voth DE, Huang SCC, Huang L. Breathe In, Breathe Out: Metabolic Regulation of Lung Macrophages in Host Defense Against Bacterial Infection. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:934460. [PMID: 35899042 PMCID: PMC9309258 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.934460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung macrophages are substantially distinct from other tissue-resident macrophages. They act as frontier sentinels of the alveolar-blood interface and are constantly exposed to various pathogens. Additionally, they precisely regulate immune responses under homeostatic and pathological conditions to curtail tissue damage while containing respiratory infections. As a highly heterogeneous population, the phenotypes and functions of lung macrophages with differing developmental ontogenies are linked to both intrinsic and extrinsic metabolic processes. Importantly, targeting these metabolic pathways greatly impacts macrophage functions, which in turn leads to different disease outcomes in the lung. In this review, we will discuss underlying metabolic regulation of lung macrophage subsets and how metabolic circuits, together with epigenetic modifications, dictate lung macrophage function during bacterial infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. Tucker Andrews
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, United States
| | - Daniel E. Voth
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, United States
| | - Stanley Ching-Cheng Huang
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, United States
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, United States
- *Correspondence: Lu Huang, ; Stanley Ching-Cheng Huang,
| | - Lu Huang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, United States
- *Correspondence: Lu Huang, ; Stanley Ching-Cheng Huang,
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Morris NL, Michael DN, Crotty KM, Chang SS, Yeligar SM. Alcohol-Induced Glycolytic Shift in Alveolar Macrophages Is Mediated by Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1 Alpha. Front Immunol 2022; 13:865492. [PMID: 35634337 PMCID: PMC9130492 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.865492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Excessive alcohol use increases the risk of developing respiratory infections partially due to impaired alveolar macrophage (AM) phagocytic capacity. Previously, we showed that chronic ethanol (EtOH) exposure led to mitochondrial derangements and diminished oxidative phosphorylation in AM. Since oxidative phosphorylation is needed to meet the energy demands of phagocytosis, EtOH mediated decreases in oxidative phosphorylation likely contribute to impaired AM phagocytosis. Treatment with the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) ligand, pioglitazone (PIO), improved EtOH-mediated decreases in oxidative phosphorylation. In other models, hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1α) has been shown to mediate the switch from oxidative phosphorylation to glycolysis; however, the role of HIF-1α in chronic EtOH mediated derangements in AM has not been explored. We hypothesize that AM undergo a metabolic shift from oxidative phosphorylation to a glycolytic phenotype in response to chronic EtOH exposure. Further, we speculate that HIF-1α is a critical mediator of this metabolic switch. To test these hypotheses, primary mouse AM (mAM) were isolated from a mouse model of chronic EtOH consumption and a mouse AM cell line (MH-S) were exposed to EtOH in vitro. Expression of HIF-1α, glucose transporters (Glut1 and 4), and components of the glycolytic pathway (Pfkfb3 and PKM2), were measured by qRT-PCR and western blot. Lactate levels (lactate assay), cell energy phenotype (extracellular flux analyzer), glycolysis stress tests (extracellular flux analyzer), and phagocytic function (fluorescent microscopy) were conducted. EtOH exposure increased expression of HIF-1α, Glut1, Glut4, Pfkfb3, and PKM2 and shifted AM to a glycolytic phenotype. Pharmacological stabilization of HIF-1α via cobalt chloride treatment in vitro mimicked EtOH-induced AM derangements (increased glycolysis and diminished phagocytic capacity). Further, PIO treatment diminished HIF-1α levels and reversed glycolytic shift following EtOH exposure. These studies support a critical role for HIF-1α in mediating the glycolytic shift in energy metabolism of AM during excessive alcohol use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niya L Morris
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States.,Atlanta Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Decatur, GA, United States
| | - David N Michael
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States.,Atlanta Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Decatur, GA, United States
| | - Kathryn M Crotty
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States.,Atlanta Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Decatur, GA, United States
| | - Sarah S Chang
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States.,Atlanta Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Decatur, GA, United States
| | - Samantha M Yeligar
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States.,Atlanta Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Decatur, GA, United States
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Huckestein BR, Alcorn JF. Improving Mitochondrial Function in Viral Infection: Targeting Cellular Metabolism. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2022; 66:598-600. [PMID: 35442855 PMCID: PMC9163644 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2022-0096ed] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Brydie R Huckestein
- Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC, 6619, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - John F Alcorn
- Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC, Pediatrics, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States;
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Puuvuori E, Liggieri F, Velikyan I, Chiodaroli E, Sigfridsson J, Romelin H, Ingvast S, Korsgren O, Hulsart-Billström G, Perchiazzi G, Eriksson O. PET-CT imaging of pulmonary inflammation using [ 68Ga]Ga-DOTA-TATE. EJNMMI Res 2022; 12:19. [PMID: 35394238 PMCID: PMC8994000 DOI: 10.1186/s13550-022-00892-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE In the characterization of severe lung diseases, early detection of specific inflammatory cells could help to monitor patients' response to therapy and increase chances of survival. Macrophages contribute to regulating the resolution and termination of inflammation and have increasingly been of interest for targeted therapies. [68Ga]Ga-DOTA-TATE is an established clinical radiopharmaceutical targeting somatostatin receptor subtype 2 (SSTR 2). Since activated macrophages (M1) overexpress SSTR 2, the aim of this study was to investigate the applicability of [68Ga]Ga-DOTA-TATE for positron emission tomography (PET) imaging of M1 macrophages in pulmonary inflammation. METHODS Inflammation in the pig lungs was induced by warm saline lavage followed by injurious ventilation in farm pigs (n = 7). Healthy pigs (n = 3) were used as control. A 60-min dynamic PET scan over the lungs was performed after [68Ga]Ga-DOTA-TATE injection and [18F]FDG scan was executed afterward for comparison. The uptake of both tracers was assessed as mean standardized uptake values (SUVmean) 30-60-min post-injection. The PET scans were followed by computed tomography (CT) scans, and the Hounsfield units (HU) were quantified of the coronal segments. Basal and apical segments of the lungs were harvested for histology staining. A rat lung inflammation model was also studied for tracer specificity using lipopolysaccharides (LPS) by oropharyngeal aspiration. Organ biodistribution, ex vivo autoradiography (ARG) and histology samples were conducted on LPS treated, octreotide induced blocking and control healthy rats. RESULTS The accumulation of [68Ga]Ga-DOTA-TATE on pig lavage model was prominent in the more severely injured dorsal segments of the lungs (SUVmean = 0.91 ± 0.56), compared with control animals (SUVmean = 0.27 ± 0.16, p < 0.05). The tracer uptake corresponded to the damaged areas assessed by CT and histology and were in line with HU quantification. The [68Ga]Ga-DOTA-TATE uptake in LPS treated rat lungs could be blocked and was significantly higher compared with control group. CONCLUSION The feasibility of the noninvasive assessment of tissue macrophages using [68Ga]Ga-DOTA-TATE/PET was demonstrated in both porcine and rat lung inflammation models. [68Ga]Ga-DOTA-TATE has a great potential to be used to study the role and presence of macrophages in humans in fight against severe lung diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmi Puuvuori
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Uppsala University, Dag Hammarskjölds väg 14C, 3tr, 751 83, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Francesco Liggieri
- Hedenstierna Laboratory, Department of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Irina Velikyan
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Uppsala University, Dag Hammarskjölds väg 14C, 3tr, 751 83, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Elena Chiodaroli
- Hedenstierna Laboratory, Department of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jonathan Sigfridsson
- Hedenstierna Laboratory, Department of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Hampus Romelin
- Hedenstierna Laboratory, Department of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Sofie Ingvast
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Olle Korsgren
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Gry Hulsart-Billström
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Uppsala University, Dag Hammarskjölds väg 14C, 3tr, 751 83, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Gaetano Perchiazzi
- Hedenstierna Laboratory, Department of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Olof Eriksson
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Uppsala University, Dag Hammarskjölds väg 14C, 3tr, 751 83, Uppsala, Sweden.
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Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) remains the leading cause of bacterial disease-related death and is among the top 10 overall causes of death worldwide. The complex nature of this infectious lung disease has proven difficult to treat, and significant research efforts are now evaluating the feasibility of host-directed, adjunctive therapies. An attractive approach in host-directed therapy targets host epigenetics, or gene regulation, to redirect the immune response in a host-beneficial manner. Substantial evidence exists demonstrating that host epigenetics are dysregulated during TB and that epigenetic-based therapies may be highly effective to treat TB. However, the caveat is that much of the knowledge that exists on the modulation of the host epigenome during TB has been gained using in vitro, small-animal, or blood-derived cell models, which do not accurately reflect the pulmonary nature of the disease. In humans, the first and major target cells of Mycobacterium tuberculosis are alveolar macrophages (AM). As such, their response to infection and treatment is clinically relevant and ultimately drives the outcome of disease. In this review, we compare the fundamental differences between AM and circulating monocyte-derived macrophages in the context of TB and summarize the recent advances in elucidating the epigenomes of these cells, including changes to the transcriptome, DNA methylome, and chromatin architecture. We will also discuss trained immunity in AM as a new and emerging field in TB research and provide some perspectives for the translational potential of targeting host epigenetics as an alternative TB therapy.
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Gao X, Zhu B, Wu Y, Li C, Zhou X, Tang J, Sun J. TFAM-Dependent Mitochondrial Metabolism Is Required for Alveolar Macrophage Maintenance and Homeostasis. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2022; 208:1456-1466. [PMID: 35165165 PMCID: PMC9801487 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2100741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Alveolar macrophages (AMs) are major lung tissue-resident macrophages capable of proliferating and self-renewal in situ. AMs are vital in pulmonary antimicrobial immunity and surfactant clearance. The mechanisms regulating AM compartment formation and maintenance remain to be fully elucidated currently. In this study, we have explored the roles of mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM)-mediated mitochondrial fitness and metabolism in regulating AM formation and function. We found that TFAM deficiency in mice resulted in significantly reduced AM numbers and impaired AM maturation in vivo. TFAM deficiency was not required for the generation of AM precursors nor the differentiation of AM precursors into AMs, but was critical for the maintenance of AM compartment. Mechanistically, TFAM deficiency diminished gene programs associated with AM proliferation and self-renewal and promoted the expression of inflammatory genes in AMs. We further showed that TFAM-mediated AM compartment impairment resulted in defective clearance of cellular debris and surfactant in the lung and increased the host susceptibility to severe influenza virus infection. Finally, we found that influenza virus infection in AMs led to impaired TFAM expression and diminished mitochondrial fitness and metabolism. Thus, our data have established the critical function of TFAM-mediated mitochondrial metabolism in AM maintenance and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaochen Gao
- Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Bibo Zhu
- Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Yue Wu
- Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Chaofan Li
- Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Xian Zhou
- Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Jinyi Tang
- Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Jie Sun
- Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN;
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
- Carter Immunology Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA; and
- Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA
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Oxamate Attenuates Glycolysis and ER Stress in Silicotic Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23063013. [PMID: 35328434 PMCID: PMC8953611 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23063013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Glycolysis and ER stress have been considered important drivers of pulmonary fibrosis. However, it is not clear whether glycolysis and ER stress are interconnected and if those interconnections regulate the development of pulmonary fibrosis. Our previous studies found that the expression of LDHA, a key enzyme involved in glycolysis, was increased in silica-induced macrophages and silicotic models, and it was closely related to silicosis fibrosis by participating in inflammatory response. However, whether pharmacological inhibition of LDHA is beneficial to the amelioration of silicosis fibrosis remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the effects of oxamate, a potent inhibitor of LDHA, on the regulation of glycolysis and ER stress in alveolar macrophages and silicotic mice. We found that silica induced the upregulation of glycolysis and the expression of key enzymes directly involved in ER stress in NR8383 macrophages. However, treatment of the macrophages and silicotic mice with oxamate attenuated glycolysis and ER stress by inhibiting LDHA, causing a decrease in the production of lactate. Therefore, oxamate demonstrated an anti-fibrotic role by reducing glycolysis and ER stress in silicotic mice.
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Thomas ST, Wierenga KA, Pestka JJ, Olive AJ. Fetal Liver-Derived Alveolar-like Macrophages: A Self-Replicating Ex Vivo Model of Alveolar Macrophages for Functional Genetic Studies. Immunohorizons 2022; 6:156-169. [PMID: 35193942 DOI: 10.4049/immunohorizons.2200011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Alveolar macrophages (AMs) are tissue-resident cells in the lungs derived from the fetal liver that maintain lung homeostasis and respond to inhaled stimuli. Although the importance of AMs is undisputed, they remain refractory to standard experimental approaches and high-throughput functional genetics, as they are challenging to isolate and rapidly lose AM properties in standard culture. This limitation hinders our understanding of key regulatory mechanisms that control AM maintenance and function. In this study, we describe the development of a new model, fetal liver-derived alveolar-like macrophages (FLAMs), which maintains cellular morphologies, expression profiles, and functional mechanisms similar to murine AMs. FLAMs combine treatment with two key cytokines for AM maintenance, GM-CSF and TGF-β. We leveraged the long-term stability of FLAMs to develop functional genetic tools using CRISPR-Cas9-mediated gene editing. Targeted editing confirmed the role of AM-specific gene Marco and the IL-1 receptor Il1r1 in modulating the AM response to crystalline silica. Furthermore, a genome-wide knockout library using FLAMs identified novel genes required for surface expression of the AM marker Siglec-F, most notably those related to the peroxisome. Taken together, our results suggest that FLAMs are a stable, self-replicating model of AM function that enables previously impossible global genetic approaches to define the underlying mechanisms of AM maintenance and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean T Thomas
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing MI
| | - Kathryn A Wierenga
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI.,Institute for Integrative Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI
| | - James J Pestka
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing MI.,Institute for Integrative Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI.,Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI; and.,Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI
| | - Andrew J Olive
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing MI;
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Trained immunity of alveolar macrophages requires metabolic rewiring and type 1 interferon signaling. Mucosal Immunol 2022; 15:896-907. [PMID: 35856089 PMCID: PMC9385480 DOI: 10.1038/s41385-022-00528-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Environmental microbial triggers shape the development and functionality of the immune system. Alveolar macrophages (AMs), tissue-resident macrophages of the lungs, are in constant and direct contact with inhaled particles and microbes. Such exposures likely impact AM reactivity to subsequent challenges by immunological imprinting mechanisms referred to as trained immunity. Here, we investigated whether a ubiquitous microbial compound has the potential to induce AM training in vivo. We discovered that intranasal exposure to ambient amounts of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced a pronounced AM memory response, characterized by enhanced reactivity upon pneumococcal challenge. Exploring the mechanistic basis of AM training, we identified a critical role of type 1 interferon signaling and found that inhibition of fatty acid oxidation and glutaminolysis significantly attenuated the training effect. Notably, adoptive transfer of trained AMs resulted in increased bacterial loads and tissue damage upon subsequent pneumococcal infection. In contrast, intranasal pre-exposure to LPS promoted bacterial clearance, highlighting the complexity of stimulus-induced immune responses, which likely involve multiple cell types and may depend on the local immunological and metabolic environment. Collectively, our findings demonstrate the profound impact of ambient microbial exposure on pulmonary immune memory and reveal tissue-specific features of trained immunity.
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Gorki AD, Symmank D, Zahalka S, Lakovits K, Hladik A, Langer B, Maurer B, Sexl V, Kain R, Knapp S. Murine Ex Vivo Cultured Alveolar Macrophages Provide a Novel Tool to Study Tissue-Resident Macrophage Behavior and Function. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2022; 66:64-75. [PMID: 34586974 PMCID: PMC8803354 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2021-0190oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Tissue-resident macrophages are of vital importance as they preserve tissue homeostasis in all mammalian organs. Nevertheless, appropriate cell culture models are still limited. Here, we propose a novel culture model to study and expand murine primary alveolar macrophages (AMs), the tissue-resident macrophages of the lung, in vitro over several months. By providing a combination of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, TGFβ, and the PPARγ activator rosiglitazone, we maintain and expand mouse ex vivo cultured AMs (mexAMs) over several months. MexAMs maintain typical morphologic features and stably express primary AM surface markers throughout in vitro culture. They respond to microbial ligands and exhibit an AM-like transcriptional profile, including the expression of AM-specific transcription factors. Furthermore, when transferred into AM-deficient mice, mexAMs efficiently engraft in the lung and fulfill key macrophage functions, leading to a significantly reduced surfactant load in those mice. Altogether, mexAMs provide a novel, simple, and versatile tool to study AM behavior in homeostasis and disease settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna-Dorothea Gorki
- Research Laboratory of Infection Biology, Department of Medicine I, and
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria; and
| | - Dörte Symmank
- Research Laboratory of Infection Biology, Department of Medicine I, and
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria; and
| | - Sophie Zahalka
- Research Laboratory of Infection Biology, Department of Medicine I, and
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria; and
| | - Karin Lakovits
- Research Laboratory of Infection Biology, Department of Medicine I, and
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria; and
| | - Anastasiya Hladik
- Research Laboratory of Infection Biology, Department of Medicine I, and
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria; and
| | - Brigitte Langer
- Department of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Barbara Maurer
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
| | - Veronika Sexl
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
| | - Renate Kain
- Department of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Sylvia Knapp
- Research Laboratory of Infection Biology, Department of Medicine I, and
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria; and
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Cory TJ, Emmons RS, Yarbro JR, Davis KL, Pence BD. Metformin Suppresses Monocyte Immunometabolic Activation by SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein Subunit 1. Front Immunol 2021; 12:733921. [PMID: 34858397 PMCID: PMC8631967 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.733921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
A hallmark of COVID-19 is a hyperinflammatory state associated with severity. Monocytes undergo metabolic reprogramming and produce inflammatory cytokines when stimulated with SARS-CoV-2. We hypothesized that binding by the viral spike protein mediates this effect, and that drugs which regulate immunometabolism could inhibit the inflammatory response. Monocytes stimulated with recombinant SARS-CoV-2 spike protein subunit 1 showed a dose-dependent increase in glycolytic metabolism associated with production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. This response was dependent on hypoxia-inducible factor-1α, as chetomin inhibited glycolysis and cytokine production. Inhibition of glycolytic metabolism by 2-deoxyglucose (2-DG) or glucose deprivation also inhibited the glycolytic response, and 2-DG strongly suppressed cytokine production. Glucose-deprived monocytes rescued cytokine production by upregulating oxidative phosphorylation, an effect which was not present in 2-DG-treated monocytes due to the known effect of 2-DG on suppressing mitochondrial metabolism. Finally, pre-treatment of monocytes with metformin strongly suppressed spike protein-mediated cytokine production and metabolic reprogramming. Likewise, metformin pre-treatment blocked cytokine induction by SARS-CoV-2 strain WA1/2020 in direct infection experiments. In summary, the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein induces a pro-inflammatory immunometabolic response in monocytes that can be suppressed by metformin, and metformin likewise suppresses inflammatory responses to live SARS-CoV-2. This has potential implications for the treatment of hyperinflammation during COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theodore J. Cory
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Translational Science, College of Pharmacy, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Russell S. Emmons
- College of Health Sciences, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Johnathan R. Yarbro
- College of Health Sciences, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN, United States
- Department of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Kierstin L. Davis
- College of Health Sciences, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Brandt D. Pence
- College of Health Sciences, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN, United States
- Center for Nutraceutical and Dietary Supplement Research, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN, United States
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Better J, Estiri M, Matt U. Cultured Mouse Alveolar Macrophages: A New Step Toward Targeted Cell Therapy? Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2021; 66:3-4. [PMID: 34735777 PMCID: PMC8803360 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2021-0416ed] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Julian Better
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Justus-Liebig-University, Department of Internal Medicine II, Giessen, Germany
| | - Mohammad Estiri
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Justus-Liebig-University, Department of Internal Medicine II, Giessen, Germany
| | - Ulrich Matt
- University of Giessen Lung Center, Giessen, Germany;
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