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Liu F, Schrack JA, Walston J, Mathias RA, Windham BG, Grams ME, Coresh J, Walker KA. Mid-life plasma proteins associated with late-life prefrailty and frailty: a proteomic analysis. GeroScience 2024; 46:5247-5265. [PMID: 38856871 PMCID: PMC11336072 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-024-01219-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Physical frailty is a syndrome that typically manifests in later life, although the pathogenic process causing physical frailty likely begins decades earlier. To date, few studies have examined the biological signatures in mid-life associated with physical frailty later in life. Among 4,189 middle-aged participants (57.8 ± 5.0 years, 55.8% women) from the Atherosclerosis Risk in Community (ARIC) study, we evaluated the associations of 4,955 plasma proteins (log 2-transformed and standardized) measured using the SomaScan platform with their frailty status approximately 20 years later. Using multinomial logistic regression models adjusting for demographics, health behaviors, kidney function, total cholesterol, and comorbidities, 12 and 221 proteins were associated with prefrailty and frailty in later life, respectively (FDR p < 0.05). Top frailty-associated proteins included neurocan core protein (NCAN, OR = 0.66), fatty acid-binding protein heart (FABP3, OR = 1.62) and adipocyte (FABP4, OR = 1.65), as well proteins involved in the contactin-1 (CNTN1), toll-like receptor 5 (TLR5), and neurogenic locus notch homolog protein 1 (NOTCH1) signaling pathway relevant to skeletal muscle regeneration, myelination, and inflammation. Pathway analyses suggest midlife dysregulation of inflammation, metabolism, extracellular matrix, angiogenesis, and lysosomal autophagy among those at risk for late-life frailty. After further adjusting for midlife body mass index (BMI) - an established frailty risk factor - only CNTN1 (OR = 0.75) remained significantly associated with frailty. Post-hoc analyses demonstrated that the top 41 midlife frailty-associated proteins mediate 32% of the association between mid-life BMI and late-life frailty. Our findings provide new insights into frailty etiology earlier in the life course, enhancing the potential for prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangyu Liu
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - Jennifer A Schrack
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Center On Aging and Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jeremy Walston
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Rasika A Mathias
- Genomics and Precision Health Section, Laboratory of Allergic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infection Disease, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - B Gwen Windham
- Department of Medicine, MIND Center, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Morgan E Grams
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Division of Precision Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Josef Coresh
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Population Health and Medicine, Optimal Aging Institute, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Keenan A Walker
- Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, National Institute On Aging, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Kaminska P, Tempes A, Scholz E, Malik AR. Cytokines on the way to secretion. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2024; 79:52-65. [PMID: 39227243 DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2024.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2024] [Revised: 08/19/2024] [Accepted: 08/19/2024] [Indexed: 09/05/2024]
Abstract
The activation of immune cells by pro-inflammatory or immunosuppressive stimuli is followed by the secretion of immunoregulatory cytokines which serve as messengers to activate the immune response in target cells. Although the mechanisms that control the secretion of cytokines by immune cells are not yet fully understood, several key aspects of this process have recently emerged. This review focuses on cytokine release via exocytosis and highlights the routes of cytokine trafficking leading to constitutive and regulated secretion as well as the impact of sorting receptors on this process. We discuss the involvement of cytoskeletal rearrangements in vesicular transport, secretion, and formation of immunological synapses. Finally, we describe the non-classical pathways of cytokine release that are independent of vesicular ER-Golgi transport. Instead, these pathways are based on processing by inflammasome or autophagic mechanisms. Ultimately, understanding the molecular mechanisms behind cytokine release may help to identify potential therapeutic targets in diseases associated with altered immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Kaminska
- Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1, Warsaw 02-096, Poland; Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Pasteura 3, Warsaw 02-093, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Tempes
- Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1, Warsaw 02-096, Poland
| | - Ela Scholz
- Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1, Warsaw 02-096, Poland
| | - Anna R Malik
- Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1, Warsaw 02-096, Poland.
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3
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Wu B, Xu W, Wu K, Li Y, Hu M, Feng C, Zhu C, Zheng J, Cui X, Li J, Fan D, Zhang F, Liu Y, Chen J, Liu C, Li G, Qiu Q, Qu K, Wang W, Wang K. Single-cell analysis of the amphioxus hepatic caecum and vertebrate liver reveals genetic mechanisms of vertebrate liver evolution. Nat Ecol Evol 2024:10.1038/s41559-024-02510-9. [PMID: 39152328 DOI: 10.1038/s41559-024-02510-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2024] [Indexed: 08/19/2024]
Abstract
The evolution of the vertebrate liver is a prime example of the evolution of complex organs, yet the driving genetic factors behind it remain unknown. Here we study the evolutionary genetics of liver by comparing the amphioxus hepatic caecum and the vertebrate liver, as well as examining the functional transition within vertebrates. Using in vivo and in vitro experiments, single-cell/nucleus RNA-seq data and gene knockout experiments, we confirm that the amphioxus hepatic caecum and vertebrate liver are homologous organs and show that the emergence of ohnologues from two rounds of whole-genome duplications greatly contributed to the functional complexity of the vertebrate liver. Two ohnologues, kdr and flt4, play an important role in the development of liver sinusoidal endothelial cells. In addition, we found that liver-related functions such as coagulation and bile production evolved in a step-by-step manner, with gene duplicates playing a crucial role. We reconstructed the genetic footprint of the transfer of haem detoxification from the liver to the spleen during vertebrate evolution. Together, these findings challenge the previous hypothesis that organ evolution is primarily driven by regulatory elements, underscoring the importance of gene duplicates in the emergence and diversification of a complex organ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baosheng Wu
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Qinling Ecological Intelligent Monitoring and Protection, School of Ecology and Environment, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Conservation and Resource Utilization, Institute of Zoology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenjie Xu
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Qinling Ecological Intelligent Monitoring and Protection, School of Ecology and Environment, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Kunjin Wu
- Key Laboratory of Surgical Critical Care and Life Support (Xi'an Jiaotong University), Ministry of Education, Xi'an, China
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ye Li
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Qinling Ecological Intelligent Monitoring and Protection, School of Ecology and Environment, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Mingliang Hu
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Qinling Ecological Intelligent Monitoring and Protection, School of Ecology and Environment, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Chenguang Feng
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Qinling Ecological Intelligent Monitoring and Protection, School of Ecology and Environment, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Chenglong Zhu
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Qinling Ecological Intelligent Monitoring and Protection, School of Ecology and Environment, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jiangmin Zheng
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Qinling Ecological Intelligent Monitoring and Protection, School of Ecology and Environment, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xinxin Cui
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Qinling Ecological Intelligent Monitoring and Protection, School of Ecology and Environment, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jing Li
- Key Laboratory of Surgical Critical Care and Life Support (Xi'an Jiaotong University), Ministry of Education, Xi'an, China
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Deqian Fan
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Qinling Ecological Intelligent Monitoring and Protection, School of Ecology and Environment, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Fenghua Zhang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Qinling Ecological Intelligent Monitoring and Protection, School of Ecology and Environment, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yuxuan Liu
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Qinling Ecological Intelligent Monitoring and Protection, School of Ecology and Environment, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jinping Chen
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Conservation and Resource Utilization, Institute of Zoology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Surgical Critical Care and Life Support (Xi'an Jiaotong University), Ministry of Education, Xi'an, China
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Guang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.
| | - Qiang Qiu
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Qinling Ecological Intelligent Monitoring and Protection, School of Ecology and Environment, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China.
| | - Kai Qu
- Key Laboratory of Surgical Critical Care and Life Support (Xi'an Jiaotong University), Ministry of Education, Xi'an, China.
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.
| | - Wen Wang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Qinling Ecological Intelligent Monitoring and Protection, School of Ecology and Environment, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China.
- New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, Xi'an, China.
| | - Kun Wang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Qinling Ecological Intelligent Monitoring and Protection, School of Ecology and Environment, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China.
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao Marine Science and Technology Center, Qingdao, China.
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Sisson TH, Osterholzer JJ, Leung L, Basrur V, Nesvizhskii A, Subbotina N, Warnock M, Torrente D, Virk AQ, Horowitz JC, Migliorini M, Strickland DK, Kim KK, Huang SK, Lawrence DA. PAI-1 Interaction with Sortilin Related Receptor-1 is Required for Lung Fibrosis. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.08.06.606812. [PMID: 39211273 PMCID: PMC11361096 DOI: 10.1101/2024.08.06.606812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) has been previously shown to promote lung fibrosis via a mechanism that requires an intact vitronectin (VTN) binding site. In the present study, employing two distinct murine fibrosis models, we find that VTN is not required for PAI-1 to drive lung scarring. This result suggested the existence of a previously unrecognized profibrotic PAI-1-protein interaction involving the VTN-binding site for PAI-1. Using an unbiased proteomic approach, we identified sortilin related receptor 1 (SorlA) as the most highly enriched PAI-1 interactor in the fibrosing lung. We next investigated the role of SorlA in pulmonary fibrosis and found that SorlA deficiency protected against lung scarring in a murine model. We further show that, while VTN deficiency does not influence fibrogenesis in the presence or absence of PAI-1, SorlA is required for PAI-1 to promote scarring. These results, together with data showing increased SorlA levels in human IPF lung tissue, support a novel mechanism through which the potent profibrotic mediator PAI-1 drives lung fibrosis and implicate SorlA as a new therapeutic target in IPF treatment.
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Kaminska P, Ovesen PL, Jakiel M, Obrebski T, Schmidt V, Draminski M, Bilska AG, Bieniek M, Anink J, Paterczyk B, Jensen AMG, Piatek S, Andersen OM, Aronica E, Willnow TE, Kaminska B, Dabrowski MJ, Malik AR. SorLA restricts TNFα release from microglia to shape a glioma-supportive brain microenvironment. EMBO Rep 2024; 25:2278-2305. [PMID: 38499808 PMCID: PMC11094098 DOI: 10.1038/s44319-024-00117-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 02/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024] Open
Abstract
SorLA, encoded by the gene SORL1, is an intracellular sorting receptor of the VPS10P domain receptor gene family. Although SorLA is best recognized for its ability to shuttle target proteins between intracellular compartments in neurons, recent data suggest that also its microglial expression can be of high relevance for the pathogenesis of brain diseases, including glioblastoma (GBM). Here, we interrogated the impact of SorLA on the functional properties of glioma-associated microglia and macrophages (GAMs). In the GBM microenvironment, GAMs are re-programmed and lose the ability to elicit anti-tumor responses. Instead, they acquire a glioma-supporting phenotype, which is a key mechanism promoting glioma progression. Our re-analysis of published scRNA-seq data from GBM patients revealed that functional phenotypes of GAMs are linked to the level of SORL1 expression, which was further confirmed using in vitro models. Moreover, we demonstrate that SorLA restrains secretion of TNFα from microglia to restrict the inflammatory potential of these cells. Finally, we show that loss of SorLA exacerbates the pro-inflammatory response of microglia in the murine model of glioma and suppresses tumor growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Kaminska
- Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, 02-096, Warsaw, Poland
- Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, 02-093, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Peter L Ovesen
- Max-Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine, 13125, Berlin, Germany
| | - Mateusz Jakiel
- Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, 02-096, Warsaw, Poland
- Institute of Computer Science, 01-248, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Tomasz Obrebski
- Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, 02-096, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Vanessa Schmidt
- Max-Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine, 13125, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Aleksandra G Bilska
- Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, 02-096, Warsaw, Poland
- Museum and Institute of Zoology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 00-679, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Jasper Anink
- Department of (Neuro)Pathology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, 1105AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Bohdan Paterczyk
- Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, 02-096, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Sylwia Piatek
- Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, 02-096, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Olav M Andersen
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, 8000, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Eleonora Aronica
- Department of (Neuro)Pathology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, 1105AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Stichting Epilepsie Instellingen Nederland, 2103 SW, Heemstede, The Netherlands
| | - Thomas E Willnow
- Max-Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine, 13125, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, 8000, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Bozena Kaminska
- Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, 02-093, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Anna R Malik
- Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, 02-096, Warsaw, Poland.
- Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, 02-093, Warsaw, Poland.
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6
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Bøgh N, Sørensen CB, Alstrup AKO, Hansen ESS, Andersen OM, Laustsen C. Mice and minipigs with compromised expression of the Alzheimer's disease gene SORL1 show cerebral metabolic disturbances on hyperpolarized [1- 13C]pyruvate and sodium MRI. Brain Commun 2024; 6:fcae114. [PMID: 38650831 PMCID: PMC11034025 DOI: 10.1093/braincomms/fcae114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The sortilin-related receptor 1 (SORL1) gene, encoding the cellular endosomal sorting-related receptor with A-type repeats (SORLA), is now established as a causal gene for Alzheimer's disease. As the latest addition to the list of causal genes, the pathophysiological effects and biomarker potential of SORL1 variants remain relatively undiscovered. Metabolic dysfunction is, however, well described in patients with Alzheimer's disease and is used as an imaging biomarker in clinical diagnosis settings. To understand the metabolic consequences of loss-of-function SORL1 mutations, we applied two metabolic MRI technologies, sodium (23Na) MRI and MRI with hyperpolarized [1-13C]pyruvate, in minipigs and mice with compromised expression of SORL1. At the age analysed here, both animal models display no conventional imaging evidence of neurodegeneration but show biochemical signs of elevated amyloid production, thus representing the early preclinical disease. With hyperpolarized MRI, the exchange from [1-13C]pyruvate to [1-13C]lactate and 13C-bicarbonate was decreased by 32 and 23%, respectively, in the cerebrum of SORL1-haploinsufficient minipigs. A robust 11% decrease in the sodium content was observed with 23Na-MRI in the same minipigs. Comparably, the brain sodium concentration gradually decreased from control to SORL1 haploinsufficient (-11%) to SORL1 knockout mice (-23%), suggesting a gene dose dependence in the metabolic dysfunction. The present study highlights that metabolic MRI technologies are sensitive to the functional, metabolic consequences of Alzheimer's disease and Alzheimer's disease-linked genotypes. Further, the study suggests a potential avenue of research into the mechanisms of metabolic alterations by SORL1 mutations and their potential role in neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolaj Bøgh
- Department of Clinical Medicine, The MR Research Centre, Aarhus University, 8200 Aarhus, Denmark
- A&E, Gødstrup Hospital, 7400 Herning, Denmark
| | | | - Aage K O Alstrup
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, 8200 Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET-Centre, Aarhus University Hospital, 8200 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Esben S S Hansen
- Department of Clinical Medicine, The MR Research Centre, Aarhus University, 8200 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Olav M Andersen
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, 8200 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Christoffer Laustsen
- Department of Clinical Medicine, The MR Research Centre, Aarhus University, 8200 Aarhus, Denmark
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7
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Kalnytska O, Qvist P, Kunz S, Conrad T, Willnow TE, Schmidt V. SORCS2 activity in pancreatic α-cells safeguards insulin granule formation and release from glucose-stressed β-cells. iScience 2024; 27:108725. [PMID: 38226160 PMCID: PMC10788290 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.108725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Sorting receptor SORCS2 is a stress-response factor protecting neurons from acute insults, such as during epilepsy. SORCS2 is also expressed in the pancreas, yet its action in this tissue remains unknown. Combining metabolic studies in SORCS2-deficient mice with ex vivo functional analyses and single-cell transcriptomics of pancreatic tissues, we identified a role for SORCS2 in protective stress response in pancreatic islets, essential to sustain insulin release. We show that SORCS2 is predominantly expressed in islet alpha cells. Loss of expression coincides with inability of these cells to produce osteopontin, a secreted factor that facilitates insulin release from stressed beta cells. In line with diminished osteopontin levels, beta cells in SORCS2-deficient islets show gene expression patterns indicative of aggravated cell stress, and exhibit defects in insulin granule maturation and a blunted glucose response. These findings corroborate a function for SORCS2 in protective stress response that extends to metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oleksandra Kalnytska
- Molecular Cardiovascular Research, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, 13125 Berlin, Germany
- Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Per Qvist
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Séverine Kunz
- Technology Platform for Electron Microscopy, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Thomas Conrad
- Genomics Technology Platform, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, 10115 Berlin, Germany
| | - Thomas E. Willnow
- Molecular Cardiovascular Research, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, 13125 Berlin, Germany
- Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Vanessa Schmidt
- Molecular Cardiovascular Research, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, 13125 Berlin, Germany
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Liu F, Austin TR, Schrack JA, Chen J, Walston J, Mathias RA, Grams M, Odden MC, Newman A, Psaty BM, Ramonfaur D, Shah AM, Windham BG, Coresh J, Walker KA. Late-life plasma proteins associated with prevalent and incident frailty: A proteomic analysis. Aging Cell 2023; 22:e13975. [PMID: 37697678 PMCID: PMC10652348 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 08/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Proteomic approaches have unique advantages in the identification of biological pathways that influence physical frailty, a multifactorial geriatric syndrome predictive of adverse health outcomes in older adults. To date, proteomic studies of frailty are scarce, and few evaluated prefrailty as a separate state or examined predictors of incident frailty. Using plasma proteins measured by 4955 SOMAmers in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Community study, we identified 134 and 179 proteins cross-sectionally associated with prefrailty and frailty, respectively, after Bonferroni correction (p < 1 × 10-5 ) among 3838 older adults aged ≥65 years, adjusting for demographic and physiologic factors and chronic diseases. Among them, 23 (17%) and 82 (46%) were replicated in the Cardiovascular Health Study using the same models (FDR p < 0.05). Notably, higher odds of prefrailty and frailty were observed with higher levels of growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15; pprefrailty = 1 × 10-15 , pfrailty = 2 × 10-19 ), transgelin (TAGLN; pprefrailty = 2 × 10-12 , pfrailty = 6 × 10-22 ), and insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 2 (IGFBP2; pprefrailty = 5 × 10-15 , pfrailty = 1 × 10-15 ) and with a lower level of growth hormone receptor (GHR, pprefrailty = 3 × 10-16 , pfrailty = 2 × 10-18 ). Longitudinally, we identified 4 proteins associated with incident frailty (p < 1 × 10-5 ). Higher levels of triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 1 (TREM1), TAGLN, and heart and adipocyte fatty-acid binding proteins predicted incident frailty. Differentially regulated proteins were enriched in pathways and upstream regulators related to lipid metabolism, angiogenesis, inflammation, and cell senescence. Our findings provide a set of plasma proteins and biological mechanisms that were dysregulated in both the prodromal and the clinical stage of frailty, offering new insights into frailty etiology and targets for intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangyu Liu
- Department of EpidemiologyJohns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public HealthBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Thomas R. Austin
- Department of EpidemiologyUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWashingtonUSA
| | - Jennifer A. Schrack
- Department of EpidemiologyJohns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public HealthBaltimoreMarylandUSA
- Center on Aging and HealthJohns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Jingsha Chen
- Department of EpidemiologyJohns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public HealthBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Jeremy Walston
- Department of MedicineJohns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Rasika A. Mathias
- Department of EpidemiologyJohns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public HealthBaltimoreMarylandUSA
- Department of MedicineJohns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Morgan Grams
- Department of EpidemiologyJohns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public HealthBaltimoreMarylandUSA
- Division of Precision MedicineNew York University Grossman School of MedicineNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Michelle C. Odden
- Department of Epidemiology and Population HealthStanford University School of MedicineStanfordCaliforniaUSA
| | - Anne Newman
- Department of EpidemiologyUniversity of PittsburghPittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Bruce M. Psaty
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Departments of Medicine, Epidemiology, and Health Systems and Population HealthUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWashingtonUSA
| | - Diego Ramonfaur
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cardiovascular MedicineBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Amil M. Shah
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cardiovascular MedicineBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - B. Gwen Windham
- Department of Medicine, MIND CenterUniversity of Mississippi Medical CenterJacksonMississippiUSA
| | - Josef Coresh
- Department of EpidemiologyJohns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public HealthBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Keenan A. Walker
- Laboratory of Behavioral NeuroscienceNational Institute on AgingBaltimoreMarylandUSA
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9
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Iino S, Oya S, Kakutani T, Kohno H, Kubo T. Identification of ecdysone receptor target genes in the worker honey bee brains during foraging behavior. Sci Rep 2023; 13:10491. [PMID: 37380789 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-37001-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Ecdysone signaling plays central roles in morphogenesis and female ovarian development in holometabolous insects. In the European honey bee (Apis mellifera L.), however, ecdysone receptor (EcR) is expressed in the brains of adult workers, which have already undergone metamorphosis and are sterile with shrunken ovaries, during foraging behavior. Aiming at unveiling the significance of EcR signaling in the worker brain, we performed chromatin-immunoprecipitation sequencing of EcR to search for its target genes using the brains of nurse bees and foragers. The majority of the EcR targets were common between the nurse bee and forager brains and some of them were known ecdysone signaling-related genes. RNA-sequencing analysis revealed that some EcR target genes were upregulated in forager brains during foraging behavior and some were implicated in the repression of metabolic processes. Single-cell RNA-sequencing analysis revealed that EcR and its target genes were expressed mostly in neurons and partly in glial cells in the optic lobes of the forager brain. These findings suggest that in addition to its role during development, EcR transcriptionally represses metabolic processes during foraging behavior in the adult worker honey bee brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiori Iino
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Satoyo Oya
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Tetsuji Kakutani
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Hiroki Kohno
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Takeo Kubo
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan.
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Avvisato R, Jankauskas SS, Varzideh F, Kansakar U, Mone P, Santulli G. Sortilin and hypertension. Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens 2023; 32:134-140. [PMID: 36683537 PMCID: PMC9976622 DOI: 10.1097/mnh.0000000000000866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The current review aims to present the latest scientific updates on the role of Sortilin in the pathophysiology of hypertension. RECENT FINDINGS The main focus of this systematic overview is on the functional contribution of Sortilin to the pathogenesis of hypertension. Sortilin is a glycoprotein mostly known for its actions as a trafficking molecule directing proteins to specific secretory or endocytic compartments of the cell. Emerging evidence indicates that Sortilin is associated with pathological conditions, including inflammation, arteriosclerosis, dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, and vascular calcification. Most recently, Sortilin has been shown to finely control endothelial function and to drive hypertension by modulating sphingolipid/ceramide homeostasis and by triggering oxidative stress. SUMMARY The latest findings linking Sortilin and hypertension that are herein discussed can inspire novel areas of research which could eventually lead to the discovery of new therapeutic strategies in cardiovascular medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Avvisato
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Einstein Institute for Aging Research and
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Einstein-Mount Sinai Diabetes Research Center (ES-DRC), Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism (FIDAM), Institute for Neuroimmunology and Inflammation, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Stanislovas S. Jankauskas
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Einstein Institute for Aging Research and
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Einstein-Mount Sinai Diabetes Research Center (ES-DRC), Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism (FIDAM), Institute for Neuroimmunology and Inflammation, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Fahimeh Varzideh
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Einstein Institute for Aging Research and
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Einstein-Mount Sinai Diabetes Research Center (ES-DRC), Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism (FIDAM), Institute for Neuroimmunology and Inflammation, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Urna Kansakar
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Einstein Institute for Aging Research and
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Einstein-Mount Sinai Diabetes Research Center (ES-DRC), Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism (FIDAM), Institute for Neuroimmunology and Inflammation, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Pasquale Mone
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Einstein Institute for Aging Research and
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Einstein-Mount Sinai Diabetes Research Center (ES-DRC), Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism (FIDAM), Institute for Neuroimmunology and Inflammation, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Gaetano Santulli
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Einstein Institute for Aging Research and
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Einstein-Mount Sinai Diabetes Research Center (ES-DRC), Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism (FIDAM), Institute for Neuroimmunology and Inflammation, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
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11
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Salasova A, Monti G, Andersen OM, Nykjaer A. Finding memo: versatile interactions of the VPS10p-Domain receptors in Alzheimer’s disease. Mol Neurodegener 2022; 17:74. [PMID: 36397124 PMCID: PMC9673319 DOI: 10.1186/s13024-022-00576-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The family of VPS10p-Domain (D) receptors comprises five members named SorLA, Sortilin, SorCS1, SorCS2 and SorCS3. While their physiological roles remain incompletely resolved, they have been recognized for their signaling engagements and trafficking abilities, navigating a number of molecules between endosome, Golgi compartments, and the cell surface. Strikingly, recent studies connected all the VPS10p-D receptors to Alzheimer’s disease (AD) development. In addition, they have been also associated with diseases comorbid with AD such as diabetes mellitus and major depressive disorder. This systematic review elaborates on genetic, functional, and mechanistic insights into how dysfunction in VPS10p-D receptors may contribute to AD etiology, AD onset diversity, and AD comorbidities. Starting with their functions in controlling cellular trafficking of amyloid precursor protein and the metabolism of the amyloid beta peptide, we present and exemplify how these receptors, despite being structurally similar, regulate various and distinct cellular events involved in AD. This includes a plethora of signaling crosstalks that impact on neuronal survival, neuronal wiring, neuronal polarity, and synaptic plasticity. Signaling activities of the VPS10p-D receptors are especially linked, but not limited to, the regulation of neuronal fitness and apoptosis via their physical interaction with pro- and mature neurotrophins and their receptors. By compiling the functional versatility of VPS10p-D receptors and their interactions with AD-related pathways, we aim to further propel the AD research towards VPS10p-D receptor family, knowledge that may lead to new diagnostic markers and therapeutic strategies for AD patients.
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12
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Chapouton P, Lickert H. Co-receptor regulation of insulin signaling. Nat Metab 2022; 4:1093-1094. [PMID: 36131206 DOI: 10.1038/s42255-022-00641-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Prisca Chapouton
- Institute of Diabetes and Regeneration Research, Helmholtz Diabetes Center, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Munich, Germany
| | - Heiko Lickert
- Institute of Diabetes and Regeneration Research, Helmholtz Diabetes Center, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany.
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Munich, Germany.
- School of Medicine, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany.
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13
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Zhang X, Zhu X, Bi X, Huang J, Zhou L. The Insulin Receptor: An Important Target for the Development of Novel Medicines and Pesticides. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:7793. [PMID: 35887136 PMCID: PMC9325136 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23147793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Revised: 07/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The insulin receptor (IR) is a transmembrane protein that is activated by ligands in insulin signaling pathways. The IR has been considered as a novel therapeutic target for clinical intervention, considering the overexpression of its protein and A-isoform in multiple cancers, Alzheimer's disease, and Type 2 diabetes mellitus in humans. Meanwhile, it may also serve as a potential target in pest management due to its multiple physiological influences in insects. In this review, we provide an overview of the structural and molecular biology of the IR, functions of IRs in humans and insects, physiological and nonpeptide small molecule modulators of the IR, and the regulating mechanisms of the IR. Xenobiotic compounds and the corresponding insecticidal chemicals functioning on the IR are also discussed. This review is expected to provide useful information for a better understanding of human IR-related diseases, as well as to facilitate the development of novel small-molecule activators and inhibitors of the IR for use as medicines or pesticides.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Jiguang Huang
- Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticides & Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (X.Z.); (X.Z.); (X.B.)
| | - Lijuan Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticides & Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (X.Z.); (X.Z.); (X.B.)
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14
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Wang Y, Luan M, Xue L, Jin J, Xie A. Evaluation of the relationship between SORL1 gene polymorphism and Parkinson's disease in the Chinese population. Neurosci Lett 2022; 778:136602. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2022.136602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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15
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Varzideh F, Jankauskas SS, Kansakar U, Mone P, Gambardella J, Santulli G. Sortilin drives hypertension by modulating sphingolipid/ceramide homeostasis and by triggering oxidative stress. J Clin Invest 2022; 132:e156624. [PMID: 35104807 PMCID: PMC8803317 DOI: 10.1172/jci156624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Sortilin is a glycoprotein mainly known for its role as a trafficking molecule directing proteins to specific secretory or endocytic compartments of the cell. Its actual contribution to essential hypertension has remained hitherto elusive. Combining top-notch in vivo, ex vivo, and in vitro approaches to clinical investigations, Di Pietro et al. explored the signaling pathway evoked by sortilin in endothelial cells and report on such exploration in this issue of the JCI. The researchers identified circulating sortilin as a biomarker associated with high blood pressure. Mechanistically, they demonstrate that sortilin altered sphingolipid/ceramide homeostasis, initiating a signaling cascade that, from sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), leads to the augmented production of reactive oxygen species. Herein, we discuss the main implications of these findings, and we anticipate some of the potential avenues of investigation prompted by this discovery, which could eventually lead to treatments for cardiometabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahimeh Varzideh
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Einstein–Mount Sinai Diabetes Research Center (ES-DRC), Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism (FIDAM), and
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Institute for Aging Research, Institute for Neuroimmunology and Inflammation (INI), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Stanislovas S. Jankauskas
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Einstein–Mount Sinai Diabetes Research Center (ES-DRC), Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism (FIDAM), and
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Institute for Aging Research, Institute for Neuroimmunology and Inflammation (INI), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Urna Kansakar
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Einstein–Mount Sinai Diabetes Research Center (ES-DRC), Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism (FIDAM), and
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Institute for Aging Research, Institute for Neuroimmunology and Inflammation (INI), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Pasquale Mone
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Einstein–Mount Sinai Diabetes Research Center (ES-DRC), Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism (FIDAM), and
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Institute for Aging Research, Institute for Neuroimmunology and Inflammation (INI), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Jessica Gambardella
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Einstein–Mount Sinai Diabetes Research Center (ES-DRC), Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism (FIDAM), and
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Institute for Aging Research, Institute for Neuroimmunology and Inflammation (INI), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Gaetano Santulli
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Einstein–Mount Sinai Diabetes Research Center (ES-DRC), Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism (FIDAM), and
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Institute for Aging Research, Institute for Neuroimmunology and Inflammation (INI), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
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16
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Schmidt V, Horváth C, Dong H, Blüher M, Qvist P, Wolfrum C, Willnow TE. SORLA is required for insulin-induced expansion of the adipocyte precursor pool in visceral fat. J Cell Biol 2021; 220:e202006058. [PMID: 34779857 PMCID: PMC8598079 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202006058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Revised: 06/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Visceral adipose tissue shows remarkable plasticity, constantly replacing mature adipocytes from an inherent pool of adipocyte precursors. The number of precursors is set in the juvenile organism and remains constant in adult life. Which signals drive precursor pool expansion in juveniles and why they operate in visceral but not in subcutaneous white adipose tissue (WAT) are unclear. Using mouse models, we identified the insulin-sensitizing receptor SORLA as a molecular factor explaining the distinct proliferative capacity of visceral WAT. High levels of SORLA activity in precursors of juvenile visceral WAT prime these cells for nutritional stimuli provided through insulin, promoting mitotic expansion of the visceral precursor cell pool in overfed juvenile mice. SORLA activity is low in subcutaneous precursors, blunting their response to insulin and preventing diet-induced proliferation of this cell type. Our findings provide a molecular explanation for the unique proliferative properties of juvenile visceral WAT, and for the genetic association of SORLA with visceral obesity in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Schmidt
- Max-Delbrueck-Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Carla Horváth
- Laboratory of Translational Nutrition Biology, ETH Zurich, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
| | - Hua Dong
- Laboratory of Translational Nutrition Biology, ETH Zurich, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
| | - Matthias Blüher
- Department of Medicine, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Per Qvist
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Centre for Genomics and Personalized Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Christian Wolfrum
- Laboratory of Translational Nutrition Biology, ETH Zurich, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
| | - Thomas E. Willnow
- Max-Delbrueck-Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
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17
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Al‐Akhrass H, Pietilä M, Lilja J, Vesilahti E, Anttila JM, Haikala HM, Munne PM, Klefström J, Peuhu E, Ivaska J. Sortilin-related receptor is a druggable therapeutic target in breast cancer. Mol Oncol 2021; 16:116-129. [PMID: 34564954 PMCID: PMC8732349 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.13106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2021] [Revised: 08/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
In breast cancer, the currently approved anti‐receptor tyrosine‐protein kinase erbB‐2 (HER2) therapies do not fully meet the expected clinical goals due to therapy resistance. Identifying alternative HER2‐related therapeutic targets could offer a means to overcome these resistance mechanisms. We have previously demonstrated that an endosomal sorting protein, sortilin‐related receptor (SorLA), regulates the traffic and signaling of HER2 and HER3, thus promoting resistance to HER2‐targeted therapy in breast cancer. This study aims to assess the feasibility of targeting SorLA using a monoclonal antibody. Our results demonstrate that anti‐SorLA antibody (SorLA ab) alters the resistance of breast cancer cells to HER2 monoclonal antibody trastuzumab in vitro and in ovo. We found that SorLA ab and trastuzumab combination therapy also inhibits tumor cell proliferation and tumor cell density in a mouse xenograft model of HER2‐positive breast cancer. In addition, SorLA ab inhibits the proliferation of breast cancer patient‐derived explant three‐dimensional cultures. These results provide, for the first time, proof of principle that SorLA is a druggable target in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hussein Al‐Akhrass
- Turku Bioscience CentreUniversity of Turku and Åbo Akademi UniversityFinland
| | - Mika Pietilä
- Turku Bioscience CentreUniversity of Turku and Åbo Akademi UniversityFinland
- Present address:
Janssen‐Cilag OyVaisalantie 2Espoo02130Finland
| | - Johanna Lilja
- Turku Bioscience CentreUniversity of Turku and Åbo Akademi UniversityFinland
| | | | - Johanna M. Anttila
- Finnish Cancer InstituteFICAN South Helsinki University Hospital & Medical FacultyUniversity of HelsinkiFinland
| | - Heidi M. Haikala
- Finnish Cancer InstituteFICAN South Helsinki University Hospital & Medical FacultyUniversity of HelsinkiFinland
| | - Pauliina M. Munne
- Finnish Cancer InstituteFICAN South Helsinki University Hospital & Medical FacultyUniversity of HelsinkiFinland
| | - Juha Klefström
- Finnish Cancer InstituteFICAN South Helsinki University Hospital & Medical FacultyUniversity of HelsinkiFinland
| | - Emilia Peuhu
- Turku Bioscience CentreUniversity of Turku and Åbo Akademi UniversityFinland
- Institute of Biomedicine, Cancer Research Laboratory FICAN WestUniversity of TurkuFinland
| | - Johanna Ivaska
- Turku Bioscience CentreUniversity of Turku and Åbo Akademi UniversityFinland
- Department of Life TechnologiesUniversity of TurkuFinland
- InFLAMES Research Flagship CenterUniversity of TurkuFinland
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18
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Gaborit B, Govers R, Altié A, Brunel JM, Morange P, Peiretti F. The aminosterol Claramine inhibits β-secretase 1-mediated insulin receptor cleavage. J Biol Chem 2021; 297:100818. [PMID: 34029592 PMCID: PMC8254121 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2021.100818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The cleavage of the insulin receptor by β-secretase 1 (BACE1) in the liver increases during diabetes, which contributes to reduce insulin receptor levels and impair insulin signaling. However, the precise signaling events that lead to this increased cleavage are unclear. We showed that BACE1 cleaves the insulin receptor in the early secretory pathway. Indeed, coimmunoprecipitation experiments reveal the interaction of the proforms of the two proteins. Moreover, fragments of insulin receptor are detected in the early secretory pathway and a mutated form of BACE1 that retains its prodomain cleaves an early secretory pathway-resident form of the insulin receptor. We showed that BACE1 proform levels are regulated by proteasome and/or lysosome-dependent degradation systems whose efficiencies are dependent on the O-GlcNacylation process. Our results showed that enhanced O-GlcNacylation reduces the efficiency of intracellular protein degradation systems, leading to the accumulation of the proform of BACE1 in the early secretory pathway where it cleaves the precursor of the insulin receptor. All these dysregulations are found in the livers of diabetic mice. In addition, we performed a screen of molecules according to their ability to increase levels of the insulin receptor at the surface of BACE1-overexpressing cells. This approach identified the aminosterol Claramine, which accelerated intracellular trafficking of the proform of BACE1 and increased autophagy. Both of these effects likely contribute to the reduced amount of the proform of BACE1 in the early secretory pathway, thereby reducing insulin receptor cleavage. These newly described properties of Claramine are consistent with its insulin sensitizing effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bénédicte Gaborit
- INSERM, INRAE, C2VN, Aix Marseille University, Marseille, France; Endocrinology, Metabolic Diseases and Nutrition Department, APHM, Marseille, France
| | - Roland Govers
- INSERM, INRAE, C2VN, Aix Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Alexandre Altié
- INSERM, INRAE, C2VN, Aix Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | | | - Pierre Morange
- INSERM, INRAE, C2VN, Aix Marseille University, Marseille, France; Hematology Laboratory, La Timone Hospital, APHM, Marseille, France
| | - Franck Peiretti
- INSERM, INRAE, C2VN, Aix Marseille University, Marseille, France.
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19
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Al-Akhrass H, Conway JRW, Poulsen ASA, Paatero I, Kaivola J, Padzik A, Andersen OM, Ivaska J. A feed-forward loop between SorLA and HER3 determines heregulin response and neratinib resistance. Oncogene 2021; 40:1300-1317. [PMID: 33420373 PMCID: PMC7892347 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-020-01604-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Revised: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Current evidence indicates that resistance to the tyrosine kinase-type cell surface receptor (HER2)-targeted therapies is frequently associated with HER3 and active signaling via HER2-HER3 dimers, particularly in the context of breast cancer. Thus, understanding the response to HER2-HER3 signaling and the regulation of the dimer is essential to decipher therapy relapse mechanisms. Here, we investigate a bidirectional relationship between HER2-HER3 signaling and a type-1 transmembrane sorting receptor, sortilin-related receptor (SorLA; SORL1). We demonstrate that heregulin-mediated signaling supports SorLA transcription downstream of the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway. In addition, we demonstrate that SorLA interacts directly with HER3, forming a trimeric complex with HER2 and HER3 to attenuate lysosomal degradation of the dimer in a Ras-related protein Rab4-dependent manner. In line with a role for SorLA in supporting the stability of the HER2 and HER3 receptors, loss of SorLA compromised heregulin-induced cell proliferation and sensitized metastatic anti-HER2 therapy-resistant breast cancer cells to neratinib in cancer spheroids in vitro and in vivo in a zebrafish brain xenograft model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hussein Al-Akhrass
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, FI-20520, Turku, Finland.
| | - James R W Conway
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, FI-20520, Turku, Finland
| | - Annemarie Svane Aavild Poulsen
- Danish Research Institute of Translational Neuroscience (DANDRITE) Nordic-EMBL Partnership, Department of biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Ilkka Paatero
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, FI-20520, Turku, Finland
| | - Jasmin Kaivola
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, FI-20520, Turku, Finland
| | - Artur Padzik
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, FI-20520, Turku, Finland
| | - Olav M Andersen
- Danish Research Institute of Translational Neuroscience (DANDRITE) Nordic-EMBL Partnership, Department of biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Johanna Ivaska
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, FI-20520, Turku, Finland.
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20
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Soluble SORLA Enhances Neurite Outgrowth and Regeneration through Activation of the EGF Receptor/ERK Signaling Axis. J Neurosci 2020; 40:5908-5921. [PMID: 32601248 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.0723-20.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2020] [Revised: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
SORLA is a transmembrane trafficking protein associated with Alzheimer's disease risk. Although SORLA is abundantly expressed in neurons, physiological roles for SORLA remain unclear. Here, we show that cultured transgenic neurons overexpressing SORLA feature longer neurites, and accelerated neurite regeneration with wounding. Enhanced release of a soluble form of SORLA (sSORLA) is observed in transgenic mouse neurons overexpressing human SORLA, while purified sSORLA promotes neurite extension and regeneration. Phosphoproteomic analyses demonstrate enrichment of phosphoproteins related to the epidermal growth factor (EGFR)/ERK pathway in SORLA transgenic mouse hippocampus from both genders. sSORLA coprecipitates with EGFR in vitro, and sSORLA treatment increases EGFR Y1173 phosphorylation, which is involved in ERK activation in cultured neurons. Furthermore, sSORLA triggers ERK activation, whereas pharmacological EGFR or ERK inhibition reverses sSORLA-dependent enhancement of neurite outgrowth. In search for downstream ERK effectors activated by sSORLA, we identified upregulation of Fos expression in hippocampus from male mice overexpressing SORLA by RNAseq analysis. We also found that Fos is upregulated and translocates to the nucleus in an ERK-dependent manner in neurons treated with sSORLA. Together, these results demonstrate that sSORLA is an EGFR-interacting protein that activates EGFR/ERK/Fos signaling to enhance neurite outgrowth and regeneration.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT SORLA is a transmembrane trafficking protein previously known to reduce the levels of amyloid-β, which is critical in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease. In addition, SORLA mutations are a risk factor for Alzheimer's disease. Interestingly, the SORLA ectodomain is cleaved into a soluble form, sSORLA, which has been shown to regulate cytoskeletal signaling pathways and cell motility in cells outside the nervous system. We show here that sSORLA binds and activates the EGF receptor to induce downstream signaling through the ERK serine/threonine kinase and the Fos transcription factor, thereby enhancing neurite outgrowth. These findings reveal a novel role for sSORLA in promoting neurite regeneration through the EGF receptor/ERK/Fos pathway, thereby demonstrating a potential neuroprotective mechanism involving SORLA.
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21
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Barthelson K, Newman M, Lardelli M. Sorting Out the Role of the Sortilin-Related Receptor 1 in Alzheimer's Disease. J Alzheimers Dis Rep 2020; 4:123-140. [PMID: 32587946 PMCID: PMC7306921 DOI: 10.3233/adr-200177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Sortilin-related receptor 1 (SORL1) encodes a large, multi-domain containing, membrane-bound receptor involved in endosomal sorting of proteins between the trans-Golgi network, endosomes and the plasma membrane. It is genetically associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD), the most common form of dementia. SORL1 is a unique gene in AD, as it appears to show strong associations with the common, late-onset, sporadic form of AD and the rare, early-onset familial form of AD. Here, we review the genetics of SORL1 in AD and discuss potential roles it could play in AD pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karissa Barthelson
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Morgan Newman
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Michael Lardelli
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
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22
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Gottmann P, Ouni M, Zellner L, Jähnert M, Rittig K, Walther D, Schürmann A. Polymorphisms in miRNA binding sites involved in metabolic diseases in mice and humans. Sci Rep 2020; 10:7202. [PMID: 32350386 PMCID: PMC7190857 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-64326-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes and obesity are well-studied metabolic diseases, which are based on genetic and epigenetic alterations in combination with an obesogenic lifestyle. The aim of this study was to test whether SNPs in miRNA-mRNA binding sites that potentially disrupt binding, elevate the expression of miRNA targets, which participate in the development of metabolic diseases. A computational approach was developed that integrates transcriptomics, linkage analysis, miRNA-target prediction data, and sequence information of a mouse model of obesity and diabetes. A statistical analysis demonstrated a significant enrichment of 566 genes for a location in obesity- and diabetes-related QTL. They are expressed at higher levels in metabolically relevant tissues presumably due to altered miRNA-mRNA binding sites. Of these, 51 genes harbor conserved and impaired miRNA-mRNA-interactions in human. Among these, 38 genes have been associated to metabolic diseases according to the phenotypes of corresponding knockout mice or other results described in the literature. The remaining 13 genes (e.g. Jrk, Megf9, Slfn8 and Tmem132e) could be interesting candidates and will be investigated in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pascal Gottmann
- German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Department of Experimental Diabetology, 14558, Nuthetal, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), 85764, München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Meriem Ouni
- German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Department of Experimental Diabetology, 14558, Nuthetal, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), 85764, München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Lisa Zellner
- German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Department of Experimental Diabetology, 14558, Nuthetal, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), 85764, München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Markus Jähnert
- German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Department of Experimental Diabetology, 14558, Nuthetal, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), 85764, München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Kilian Rittig
- Clinic for Angiology and Diabetology, 15236, Frankfurt (Oder), Germany.,University of Potsdam, Institute of Nutritional Sciences, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Dirk Walther
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476, Potsdam, Golm, Germany
| | - Annette Schürmann
- German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Department of Experimental Diabetology, 14558, Nuthetal, Germany. .,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), 85764, München, Neuherberg, Germany. .,University of Potsdam, Institute of Nutritional Sciences, Nuthetal, Germany. .,Faculty of Health Sciences, joint Faculty of the Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus - Senftenberg, the Brandenburg Medical School Theodor Fontane and the University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany.
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23
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Oldani M, Fabbri M, Melchioretto P, Callegaro G, Fusi P, Gribaldo L, Forcella M, Urani C. In vitro and bioinformatics mechanistic-based approach for cadmium carcinogenicity understanding. Toxicol In Vitro 2020; 65:104757. [PMID: 31904401 PMCID: PMC7166080 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2020.104757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Revised: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 01/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium is a toxic metal able to enter the cells through channels and transport pathways dedicated to essential ions, leading, among others, to the dysregulation of divalent ions homeostasis. Despite its recognized human carcinogenicity, the mechanisms are still under investigation. A powerful tool for mechanistic studies of carcinogenesis is the Cell Transformation Assay (CTA). We have isolated and characterized by whole genome microarray and bioinformatics analysis of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) cadmium-transformed cells from different foci (F1, F2, and F3) at the end of CTA (6 weeks). The systematic analysis of up- and down-regulated transcripts and the comparison of DEGs in transformed cells evidence different functional targets and the complex picture of cadmium-induced transformation. Only 34 in common DEGs are found in cells from all foci, and among these, only 4 genes are jointly up-regulated (Ccl2, Ccl5, IL6 and Spp1), all responsible for cytokines/chemokines coding. Most in common DEGs are down-regulated, suggesting that the switching-off of specific functions plays a major role in this process. In addition, the comparison of dysregulated pathways immediately after cadmium treatment with those in transformed cells provides a valuable means to the comprehension of the overall process. Cell transformation Assay and toxicogenomics are integrated to study cadmium carcinogenesis mechanisms Inflammatory response is the only common feature in Cd-transformed cells from all different foci Switching-off of specific functions plays a major role in Cd-induced carcinogenesis Comparison of triggering signals and deregulated pathways in transformed cells provides hints on cadmium mechanisms
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Oldani
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milan - Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza 3, 20126 Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Fabbri
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, 450 Brookline Ave, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Pasquale Melchioretto
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Milan - Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza 1, 20126 Milan, Italy
| | - Giulia Callegaro
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Milan - Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza 1, 20126 Milan, Italy; Division of Drug Discovery and Safety, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research (LACDR), Leiden University, The Netherlands
| | - Paola Fusi
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milan - Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza 3, 20126 Milan, Italy; Integrated Models for Prevention and Protection in Environmental and Occupational Health, (MISTRAL) Interuniversity Research Center, Italy
| | - Laura Gribaldo
- European Commission, DG Joint Research Centre, Via Fermi 2749, 21027 Ispra, VA, Italy.
| | - Matilde Forcella
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milan - Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza 3, 20126 Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Urani
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Milan - Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza 1, 20126 Milan, Italy; Integrated Models for Prevention and Protection in Environmental and Occupational Health, (MISTRAL) Interuniversity Research Center, Italy
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24
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Physical Exercise Affects Adipose Tissue Profile and Prevents Arterial Thrombosis in BDNF Val66Met Mice. Cells 2019; 8:cells8080875. [PMID: 31405230 PMCID: PMC6721716 DOI: 10.3390/cells8080875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Revised: 08/02/2019] [Accepted: 08/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue accumulation is an independent and modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD). The recent CVD European Guidelines strongly recommend regular physical exercise (PE) as a management strategy for prevention and treatment of CVD associated with metabolic disorders and obesity. Although mutations as well as common genetic variants, including the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) Val66Met polymorphism, are associated with increased body weight, eating and neuropsychiatric disorders, and myocardial infarction, the effect of this polymorphism on adipose tissue accumulation and regulation as well as its relation to obesity/thrombosis remains to be elucidated. Here, we showed that white adipose tissue (WAT) of humanized knock-in BDNFVal66Met (BDNFMet/Met) mice is characterized by an altered morphology and an enhanced inflammatory profile compared to wild-type BDNFVal/Val. Four weeks of voluntary PE restored the adipocyte size distribution, counteracted the inflammatory profile of adipose tissue, and prevented the prothrombotic phenotype displayed, per se, by BDNFMet/Met mice. C3H10T1/2 cells treated with the Pro-BDNFMet peptide well recapitulated the gene alterations observed in BDNFMet/Met WAT mice. In conclusion, these data indicate the strong impact of lifestyle, in particular of the beneficial effect of PE, on the management of arterial thrombosis and inflammation associated with obesity in relation to the specific BDNF Val66Met mutation.
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25
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Gilleron J, Gerdes JM, Zeigerer A. Metabolic regulation through the endosomal system. Traffic 2019; 20:552-570. [PMID: 31177593 PMCID: PMC6771607 DOI: 10.1111/tra.12670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2019] [Revised: 06/05/2019] [Accepted: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The endosomal system plays an essential role in cell homeostasis by controlling cellular signaling, nutrient sensing, cell polarity and cell migration. However, its place in the regulation of tissue, organ and whole body physiology is less well understood. Recent studies have revealed an important role for the endosomal system in regulating glucose and lipid homeostasis, with implications for metabolic disorders such as type 2 diabetes, hypercholesterolemia and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. By taking insights from in vitro studies of endocytosis and exploring their effects on metabolism, we can begin to connect the fields of endosomal transport and metabolic homeostasis. In this review, we explore current understanding of how the endosomal system influences the systemic regulation of glucose and lipid metabolism in mice and humans. We highlight exciting new insights that help translate findings from single cells to a wider physiological level and open up new directions for endosomal research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jerome Gilleron
- Université Côte d'Azur, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Mediterranean Center of Molecular Medicine (C3M)NiceFrance
| | - Jantje M. Gerdes
- Institute for Diabetes and RegenerationHelmholtz Center MunichNeuherbergGermany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD)NeuherbergGermany
| | - Anja Zeigerer
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD)NeuherbergGermany
- Institute for Diabetes and CancerHelmholtz Center MunichNeuherbergGermany
- Joint Heidelberg‐IDC Translational Diabetes ProgramHeidelberg University HospitalHeidelbergGermany
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26
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Friesen M, Cowan CA. Adipocyte Metabolism and Insulin Signaling Perturbations: Insights from Genetics. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2019; 30:396-406. [PMID: 31072658 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2019.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2018] [Revised: 03/12/2019] [Accepted: 03/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Insulin resistance (IR) is a rapidly growing pandemic. It poses an enormous health burden given its comorbidity with obesity, type 2 diabetes (T2D), and other metabolic and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Adipose tissue has been established as a key regulator of whole-body metabolic homeostasis, with interest growing rapidly. Emerging evidence suggests that adipocytes play an important role in these afflictions and contribute to IR. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have begun to illuminate the genetics underlying obesity, T2D, and IR, and this will allow further study into the disease mechanisms of the genes implicated in these metabolic diseases. Progress towards understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying diseased adipocytes will be discussed here, with an eye towards the future in developing novel therapeutics to combat metabolic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Max Friesen
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300 RC, Leiden, The Netherlands; Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Chad A Cowan
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.
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27
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Pietilä M, Sahgal P, Peuhu E, Jäntti NZ, Paatero I, Närvä E, Al-Akhrass H, Lilja J, Georgiadou M, Andersen OM, Padzik A, Sihto H, Joensuu H, Blomqvist M, Saarinen I, Boström PJ, Taimen P, Ivaska J. SORLA regulates endosomal trafficking and oncogenic fitness of HER2. Nat Commun 2019; 10:2340. [PMID: 31138794 PMCID: PMC6538630 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-10275-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) is an oncogene targeted by several kinase inhibitors and therapeutic antibodies. While the endosomal trafficking of many other receptor tyrosine kinases is known to regulate their oncogenic signalling, the prevailing view on HER2 is that this receptor is predominantly retained on the cell surface. Here, we find that sortilin-related receptor 1 (SORLA; SORL1) co-precipitates with HER2 in cancer cells and regulates HER2 subcellular distribution by promoting recycling of the endosomal receptor back to the plasma membrane. SORLA protein levels in cancer cell lines and bladder cancers correlates with HER2 levels. Depletion of SORLA triggers HER2 targeting to late endosomal/lysosomal compartments and impairs HER2-driven signalling and in vivo tumour growth. SORLA silencing also disrupts normal lysosome function and sensitizes anti-HER2 therapy sensitive and resistant cancer cells to lysosome-targeting cationic amphiphilic drugs. These findings reveal potentially important SORLA-dependent endosomal trafficking-linked vulnerabilities in HER2-driven cancers. The EGF receptor HER2 is an oncogene protein thought to reside at the plasma membrane, but its endosomal trafficking is currently unclear. Here, the authors report that HER2 is endocytosed and that sortillin-related receptor 1 (SORLA) promotes endosomal HER2 recycling and HER2 oncogenic signalling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mika Pietilä
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, FI-20520, Turku, Finland.
| | - Pranshu Sahgal
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, FI-20520, Turku, Finland
| | - Emilia Peuhu
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, FI-20520, Turku, Finland
| | - Niklas Z Jäntti
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, FI-20520, Turku, Finland
| | - Ilkka Paatero
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, FI-20520, Turku, Finland
| | - Elisa Närvä
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, FI-20520, Turku, Finland
| | - Hussein Al-Akhrass
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, FI-20520, Turku, Finland
| | - Johanna Lilja
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, FI-20520, Turku, Finland
| | - Maria Georgiadou
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, FI-20520, Turku, Finland
| | - Olav M Andersen
- Danish Research Institute of Translational Neuroscience Nordic-EMBL Partnership (DANDRITE), Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Ole Worms Allé 3, 8000, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Artur Padzik
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, FI-20520, Turku, Finland
| | - Harri Sihto
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Translational Cancer Biology Program, University of Helsinki and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Helsinki University Hospital, FI-00290, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Heikki Joensuu
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Translational Cancer Biology Program, University of Helsinki and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Helsinki University Hospital, FI-00290, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Matias Blomqvist
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku and Department of Pathology, Turku University Hospital, FI-20520, Turku, Finland
| | - Irena Saarinen
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku and Department of Pathology, Turku University Hospital, FI-20520, Turku, Finland
| | - Peter J Boström
- Department of Urology, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, FI-20520, Turku, Finland
| | - Pekka Taimen
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku and Department of Pathology, Turku University Hospital, FI-20520, Turku, Finland
| | - Johanna Ivaska
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, FI-20520, Turku, Finland. .,Department of Biochemistry, University of Turku, FI-20520, Turku, Finland.
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28
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HSPA12A targets the cytoplasmic domain and affects the trafficking of the Amyloid Precursor Protein receptor SorLA. Sci Rep 2019; 9:611. [PMID: 30679749 PMCID: PMC6345817 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-37336-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2018] [Accepted: 11/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
SorLA and Sortilin are multifunctional receptors involved in endocytosis and intracellular sorting of different and unrelated ligands. SorLA has recently attracted much attention as a novel strong risk gene for Alzheimer’s disease, and much effort is currently being put into understanding the underlying molecular mechanism. Trafficking of SorLA and Sortilin are mediated by interacting with AP-1, AP-2, GGA 1-3 and the retromer complex. Although these cytosolic adaptor proteins all bind to both SorLA and Sortilin, a large fraction of intracellular Sortilin and SorLA are located in different subcellular vesicles. This indicates that unknown specialised adaptor proteins targeting SorLA for trafficking are yet to be discovered. We have identified HSPA12A as a new adaptor protein that, among Vps10p-D receptors, selectively binds to SorLA in an ADP/ATP dependent manner. This is the first described substrate of HSPA12A, and we demonstrate that the binding, which affects both endocytic speed and subcellular localisation of SorLA, is mediated by specific acidic residues in the cytosolic domain of SorLA. The identification of the relatively unknown HSPA12A as a SorLA specific interaction partner could lead to novel insight into the molecular mechanism of SorLA, and re-emphasises the role of heat shock proteins in neurodegenerative diseases.
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29
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Talbot H, Saada S, Naves T, Gallet PF, Fauchais AL, Jauberteau MO. Regulatory Roles of Sortilin and SorLA in Immune-Related Processes. Front Pharmacol 2019; 9:1507. [PMID: 30666202 PMCID: PMC6330335 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.01507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2018] [Accepted: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Sortilin, also known as Neurotensin Receptor-3, and the sorting-related receptor with type-A repeats (SorLA) are both members of the Vps10p domain receptor family. Initially identified in CNS cells, they are expressed in various other cell types where they exert multiple functions. Although mostly studied for its involvement in Alzheimer’s disease, SorLA has recently been shown to be implicated in immune response by regulating IL-6-mediated signaling, as well as driving monocyte migration. Sortilin has been shown to act as a receptor, as a co-receptor and as an intra- and extracellular trafficking regulator. In the last two decades, deregulation of sortilin has been demonstrated to be involved in many human pathophysiologies, including neurodegenerative disorders (Alzheimer and Parkinson diseases), type 2 diabetes and obesity, cancer, and cardiovascular pathologies such as atherosclerosis. Several studies highlighted different functions of sortilin in the immune system, notably in microglia, pro-inflammatory cytokine regulation, phagosome fusion and pathogen clearance. In this review, we will analyze the multiple roles of sortilin and SorLA in the human immune system and how their deregulation may be involved in disease development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugo Talbot
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Limoges, Limoges, France
| | - Sofiane Saada
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Limoges, Limoges, France
| | - Thomas Naves
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Limoges, Limoges, France
| | | | - Anne-Laure Fauchais
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Limoges, Limoges, France.,Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Limoges Dupuytren Hospital, Limoges, France
| | - Marie-Odile Jauberteau
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Limoges, Limoges, France.,Department of Immunology, University Hospital Limoges Dupuytren Hospital, Limoges, France
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30
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Zhang JY, Li CJ, Zhang QM, Yu P, Shi JY, Tang GJ, Ma LL, Yu DM. Protective Effects of Reduced Beta 2 Glycoprotein I on Liver Injury in Streptozotocin (STZ)-Diabetic Rats by Activation of AMP-Activated Protein Kinase. Med Sci Monit 2018; 24:7577-7584. [PMID: 30352988 PMCID: PMC6210935 DOI: 10.12659/msm.909598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Protective effects of reduced beta 2 glycoprotein I (Rβ2GPI) against vascular injury of diabetes mellitus have been extensively investigated. However, the effects of Rβ2GPI on liver injury in diabetic animals have not been reported. Material/Methods A diabetic rat model of was produced by systemic injection of streptozotocin (STZ). Rats were divided into a normal control group, a model group, and an Rβ2GPI treatment group (N=6 in each group). After treatments, blood serum and liver tissue were collected to test the protection of Rβ2GPI. AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) was detected by immunohistochemistry and Western blotting. Results Our results revealed that Rβ2GPI reduced blood glucose, serum creatinine, and urea nitrogen levels, as well as serum inflammation cytokines, including interleukin (IL)-6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-a and C-reactive protein in the diabetic rats. Importantly, Rβ2GPI prevented liver injury in the diabetic rats as confirmed by hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) staining, alanine transaminase, aspartate transaminase, and gamma-glutamyl transferase. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) were promoted by diabetic modeling and were attenuated by Rβ2GPI administration. Moreover, Rβ2GPI significantly reduced liver catalase, malondialdehyde, and superoxide dismutase levels in the diabetic rats. Rβ2GPI reduced liver glycolipid storage in STZ diabetic rats. Both immunohistochemistry and Western blotting demonstrated that Rβ2GPI promoted AMPK phosphorylation in the diabetic rats. Conclusions Our data proved that Rβ2GPI prevented liver injury in diabetic rats, likely through activating the AMPK signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Yun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development (Ministry of Health), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Metabolic Diseases Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China (mainland)
| | - Chun-Jun Li
- Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development (Ministry of Health), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Metabolic Diseases Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China (mainland)
| | - Qiu-Mei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development (Ministry of Health), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Metabolic Diseases Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China (mainland)
| | - Pei Yu
- Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development (Ministry of Health), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Metabolic Diseases Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China (mainland)
| | - Jian-Ying Shi
- Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development (Ministry of Health), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Metabolic Diseases Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China (mainland)
| | - Guang-Jie Tang
- Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development (Ministry of Health), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Metabolic Diseases Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China (mainland)
| | - Lin-Lin Ma
- Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development (Ministry of Health), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Metabolic Diseases Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China (mainland)
| | - De-Min Yu
- Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development (Ministry of Health), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Metabolic Diseases Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China (mainland)
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31
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Association of Serum SorLA with Intimal Hyperplasia after Carotid Endarterectomy Operation: A Retrospective Analysis. Ann Vasc Surg 2018; 54:200-204. [PMID: 30103052 DOI: 10.1016/j.avsg.2018.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2018] [Revised: 05/21/2018] [Accepted: 06/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To study the relevance between serum sorting protein-related receptor containing the low-density lipoprotein receptor class A (SorLA) and intimal hyperplasia (IH) after carotid endarterectomy (CEA) operation. METHODS Seventy-nine carotid artery stenosis patients receiving CEA operation from September 2013 to March 2015 were included. Serum SorLA level was detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay method preoperatively. All the 79 patients received regular follow-up to diagnose the IH of target lesions, postoperatively. Based on the follow-up data, the patients were divided into IH group (n = 10) and non-IH group (n = 69). Serum SorLA levels were analyzed using t-test. Receiver-operating characteristic curve was applied to determine the value of serum SorLA to predict the occurrence of IH after CEA operation. RESULTS Patients in severe IH group had a higher level of serum SorLA than patients in non-IH group (1.648 ± 0.246 ng/mL vs. 1.278 ± 0.281 ng/mL, P < 0.001). When 1.44 ng/mL was designated as the cutoff value of serum SorLA, the predicting value had a sensitivity of 90% and a specificity of 73.5%. CONCLUSIONS High serum SorLA level is related to IH after CEA operation. A serum SorLA level of 1.44 ng/mL can be used as a predicting index of postoperative IH.
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32
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Buttenschøn HN, Elfving B, Nielsen M, Skeldal S, Kaas M, Mors O, Glerup S. Exploring the sortilin related receptor, SorLA, in depression. J Affect Disord 2018; 232:260-267. [PMID: 29499509 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2018.02.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2017] [Revised: 01/29/2018] [Accepted: 02/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies of individual biomarkers for depression have shown insufficient sensitivity and specificity for clinical use, and most likely combinations of biomarkers may provide a better signature. The sorting-related receptor with A-type repeats (SorLA) is a well-studied pathogenic factor for Alzheimer's. SorLA belongs to the Vps10p domain receptor family, which also encompasses sortilin and SorCS1-3. All family members have been implicated in neurological and mental disorders. Notably, the SORCS3 gene is genome-wide significantly associated with depression and serum protein levels of sortilin are reduced in depressed individuals. SorLA regulates the activity of neurotrophic factors and cytokines and we hence speculated that SorLA might be implicated in depression. METHODS Serum SorLA levels were measured in two well-defined clinical samples using ELISA. Generalized linear models were used in the statistical analyses. RESULTS We identified a multivariate model to discriminate depressed individuals from healthy controls. Interestingly, the model consisted of serum SorLA levels and additional four predictors: previous depressive episode, stressful life events, serum levels of sortilin and VEGF. However, as an isolated factor, we observed no significant difference in SorLA levels between 140 depressed individuals and 140 healthy controls. Nevertheless, we observed a significant increase in SorLA levels following 12 weeks of treatment with nortriptyline, but not escitalopram. LIMITATIONS The number of biomarkers included in the multivariate model for depression and lack of replication limit our study. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest SorLA as one of five factors that in combination may support the depression diagnosis, but not as an individual biomarker for depression or treatment response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henriette N Buttenschøn
- Translational Neuropsychiatry Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Denmark; The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark.
| | - Betina Elfving
- Translational Neuropsychiatry Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Denmark
| | - Marit Nielsen
- Translational Neuropsychiatry Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Denmark
| | - Sune Skeldal
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Mathias Kaas
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Ole Mors
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark; Psychosis Research Unit, Aarhus University Hospital, Risskov, Denmark
| | - Simon Glerup
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark; The Lundbeck Foundation Research Center, MIND, Aarhus University, Denmark
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33
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Meakin PJ, Mezzapesa A, Benabou E, Haas ME, Bonardo B, Grino M, Brunel JM, Desbois-Mouthon C, Biddinger SB, Govers R, Ashford MLJ, Peiretti F. The beta secretase BACE1 regulates the expression of insulin receptor in the liver. Nat Commun 2018; 9:1306. [PMID: 29610518 PMCID: PMC5880807 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-03755-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2017] [Accepted: 03/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Insulin receptor (IR) plays a key role in the control of glucose homeostasis; however, the regulation of its cellular expression remains poorly understood. Here we show that the amount of biologically active IR is regulated by the cleavage of its ectodomain, by the β-site amyloid precursor protein cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE1), in a glucose concentration-dependent manner. In vivo studies demonstrate that BACE1 regulates the amount of IR and insulin signaling in the liver. During diabetes, BACE1-dependent cleavage of IR is increased and the amount of IR in the liver is reduced, whereas infusion of a BACE1 inhibitor partially restores liver IR. We suggest the potential use of BACE1 inhibitors to enhance insulin signaling during diabetes. Additionally, we show that plasma levels of cleaved IR reflect IR isoform A expression levels in liver tumors, which prompts us to propose that the measurement of circulating cleaved IR may assist hepatic cancer detection and management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul J Meakin
- Division of Molecular & Clinical Medicine, Ninewells Hospital & Medical School, Dundee, DD19SY, UK
| | - Anna Mezzapesa
- Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, INRA, C2VN, 13385, Marseille, France
| | - Eva Benabou
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM, Saint-Antoine Research Center, F-75012, Paris, France
| | - Mary E Haas
- Division of Endocrinology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | | | - Michel Grino
- Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, INRA, C2VN, 13385, Marseille, France
| | - Jean-Michel Brunel
- Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, CNRS, CRCM, Institut Paoli Calmettes, Marseille, 13385, France
| | - Christèle Desbois-Mouthon
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM, Saint-Antoine Research Center, F-75012, Paris, France
| | - Sudha B Biddinger
- Division of Endocrinology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Roland Govers
- Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, INRA, C2VN, 13385, Marseille, France
| | - Michael L J Ashford
- Division of Molecular & Clinical Medicine, Ninewells Hospital & Medical School, Dundee, DD19SY, UK
| | - Franck Peiretti
- Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, INRA, C2VN, 13385, Marseille, France.
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34
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Cong L, Kong X, Wang J, Du J, Xu Z, Xu Y, Zhao Q. Association between SORL1 polymorphisms and the risk of Alzheimer’s disease. J Integr Neurosci 2018. [DOI: 10.3233/jin-170051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Lele Cong
- Department of Neurology, China–Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130033, Jilin Province, China
| | - Xiangyi Kong
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Neurology, China–Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130033, Jilin Province, China
| | - Jianshi Du
- Department of Vascular Surgery, China–Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130033, Jilin Province, China
| | - Zhongxin Xu
- Department of Neurology, China–Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130033, Jilin Province, China
| | - Yanan Xu
- Department of Neurology, China–Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130033, Jilin Province, China
| | - Qing Zhao
- Department of Neurology, China–Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130033, Jilin Province, China
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35
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Rödiger M, Werno MW, Wilhelmi I, Baumeier C, Hesse D, Wettschureck N, Offermanns S, Song K, Krauß M, Schürmann A. Adiponectin release and insulin receptor targeting share trans-Golgi-dependent endosomal trafficking routes. Mol Metab 2018; 8:167-179. [PMID: 29203237 PMCID: PMC5985030 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2017.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2017] [Accepted: 11/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Intracellular vesicle trafficking maintains cellular structures and functions. The assembly of cargo-laden vesicles at the trans-Golgi network is initiated by the ARF family of small GTPases. Here, we demonstrate the role of the trans-Golgi localized monomeric GTPase ARFRP1 in endosomal-mediated vesicle trafficking of mature adipocytes. METHODS Control (Arfrp1flox/flox) and inducible fat-specific Arfrp1 knockout (Arfrp1iAT-/-) mice were metabolically characterized. In vitro experiments on mature 3T3-L1 cells and primary mouse adipocytes were conducted to validate the impact of ARFRP1 on localization of adiponectin and the insulin receptor. Finally, secretion and transferrin-based uptake and recycling assays were performed with HeLa and HeLa M-C1 cells. RESULTS We identified the ARFRP1-based sorting machinery to be involved in vesicle trafficking relying on the endosomal compartment for cell surface delivery. Secretion of adiponectin from fat depots was selectively reduced in Arfrp1iAT-/- mice, and Arfrp1-depleted 3T3-L1 adipocytes revealed an accumulation of adiponectin in Rab11-positive endosomes. Plasma adiponectin deficiency of Arfrp1iAT-/- mice resulted in deteriorated hepatic insulin sensitivity, increased gluconeogenesis and elevated fasting blood glucose levels. Additionally, the insulin receptor, undergoing endocytic recycling after ligand binding, was less abundant at the plasma membrane of adipocytes lacking Arfrp1. This had detrimental effects on adipose insulin signaling, followed by insufficient suppression of basal lipolytic activity and impaired adipose tissue expansion. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that adiponectin secretion and insulin receptor surface targeting utilize the same post-Golgi trafficking pathways that are essential for an appropriate systemic insulin sensitivity and glucose homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Rödiger
- Department of Experimental Diabetology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke (DIfE), 14558 Nuthetal, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research, München-Neuherberg, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany.
| | - Martin W Werno
- Department of Experimental Diabetology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke (DIfE), 14558 Nuthetal, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research, München-Neuherberg, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany.
| | - Ilka Wilhelmi
- Department of Experimental Diabetology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke (DIfE), 14558 Nuthetal, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research, München-Neuherberg, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany.
| | - Christian Baumeier
- Department of Experimental Diabetology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke (DIfE), 14558 Nuthetal, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research, München-Neuherberg, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany.
| | - Deike Hesse
- Department of Experimental Diabetology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke (DIfE), 14558 Nuthetal, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research, München-Neuherberg, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany.
| | - Nina Wettschureck
- Department of Pharmacology, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, 61231 Bad Nauheim, Germany.
| | - Stefan Offermanns
- Department of Pharmacology, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, 61231 Bad Nauheim, Germany.
| | - Kyungyeun Song
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Cell Biology, Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), 13125 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Michael Krauß
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Cell Biology, Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), 13125 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Annette Schürmann
- Department of Experimental Diabetology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke (DIfE), 14558 Nuthetal, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research, München-Neuherberg, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany.
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36
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Haeusler RA, McGraw TE, Accili D. Biochemical and cellular properties of insulin receptor signalling. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 2018; 19:31-44. [PMID: 28974775 PMCID: PMC5894887 DOI: 10.1038/nrm.2017.89] [Citation(s) in RCA: 428] [Impact Index Per Article: 71.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The mechanism of insulin action is a central theme in biology and medicine. In addition to the rather rare condition of insulin deficiency caused by autoimmune destruction of pancreatic β-cells, genetic and acquired abnormalities of insulin action underlie the far more common conditions of type 2 diabetes, obesity and insulin resistance. The latter predisposes to diseases ranging from hypertension to Alzheimer disease and cancer. Hence, understanding the biochemical and cellular properties of insulin receptor signalling is arguably a priority in biomedical research. In the past decade, major progress has led to the delineation of mechanisms of glucose transport, lipid synthesis, storage and mobilization. In addition to direct effects of insulin on signalling kinases and metabolic enzymes, the discovery of mechanisms of insulin-regulated gene transcription has led to a reassessment of the general principles of insulin action. These advances will accelerate the discovery of new treatment modalities for diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca A Haeusler
- Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, New York, New York 10032, USA
| | - Timothy E McGraw
- Weill Cornell Medicine, Departments of Biochemistry and Cardiothoracic Surgery, New York, New York 10065, USA
| | - Domenico Accili
- Columbia University College of Physicians & Surgeons, Department of Medicine, New York, New York 10032, USA
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37
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Huang TY, Zhao Y, Jiang LL, Li X, Liu Y, Sun Y, Piña-Crespo JC, Zhu B, Masliah E, Willnow TE, Pasquale EB, Xu H. SORLA attenuates EphA4 signaling and amyloid β-induced neurodegeneration. J Exp Med 2017; 214:3669-3685. [PMID: 29114064 PMCID: PMC5716044 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20171413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2017] [Revised: 09/12/2017] [Accepted: 09/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Sortilin-related receptor with LDLR class A repeats (SORLA, SORL1, or LR11) is a genetic risk factor associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD). Although SORLA is known to regulate trafficking of the amyloid β (Aβ) precursor protein to decrease levels of proteotoxic Aβ oligomers, whether SORLA can counteract synaptic dysfunction induced by Aβ oligomers remains unclear. Here, we show that SORLA interacts with the EphA4 receptor tyrosine kinase and attenuates ephrinA1 ligand-induced EphA4 clustering and activation to limit downstream effects of EphA4 signaling in neurons. Consistent with these findings, SORLA transgenic mice, compared with WT mice, exhibit decreased EphA4 activation and redistribution to postsynaptic densities, with milder deficits in long-term potentiation and memory induced by Aβ oligomers. Importantly, we detected elevated levels of active EphA4 in human AD brains, where EphA4 activation is inversely correlated with SORLA/EphA4 association. These results demonstrate a novel role for SORLA as a physiological and pathological EphA4 modulator, which attenuates synaptotoxic EphA4 activation and cognitive impairment associated with Aβ-induced neurodegeneration in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy Y Huang
- Neuroscience Initiative, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA
| | - Yingjun Zhao
- Neuroscience Initiative, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA
| | - Lu-Lin Jiang
- Neuroscience Initiative, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA
| | - Xiaoguang Li
- Neuroscience Initiative, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA
| | - Yan Liu
- Neuroscience Initiative, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA.,Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disease and Aging Research, Institute of Neuroscience, Medical College, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Yu Sun
- Neuroscience Initiative, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA
| | - Juan C Piña-Crespo
- Neuroscience Initiative, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA
| | - Bing Zhu
- Neuroscience Initiative, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA
| | - Eliezer Masliah
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA.,Department of Neuroscience, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | | | - Elena B Pasquale
- Neuroscience Initiative, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA.,Department of Pathology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Huaxi Xu
- Neuroscience Initiative, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA .,Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disease and Aging Research, Institute of Neuroscience, Medical College, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
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38
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Van Pelt DW, Guth LM, Wang AY, Horowitz JF. Factors regulating subcutaneous adipose tissue storage, fibrosis, and inflammation may underlie low fatty acid mobilization in insulin-sensitive obese adults. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2017; 313:E429-E439. [PMID: 28679624 PMCID: PMC5668599 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00084.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2017] [Revised: 06/01/2017] [Accepted: 06/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Although the rate of fatty acid release from adipose tissue into the systemic circulation is very high in most obese adults, some obese adults maintain relatively low rates of fatty acid release, which helps protect them against the development of systemic insulin resistance. The primary aim of this study was to identify factors in adipose tissue that may underlie low vs. high rates of fatty acid mobilization in a relatively homogeneous cohort of obese adults. We measured systemic fatty acid rate of appearance (FA Ra) via 13C-palmitate isotope dilution, and we obtained subcutaneous abdominal adipose tissue samples from 30 obese adults (BMI: 38 ± 1 kg/m2, age: 30 ± 2 yr) after an overnight fast. We then measured insulin sensitivity using a hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp. Confirming our previous work, insulin sensitivity was inversely proportional to FA Ra (R2 = 0.50; P < 0.001). Immunoblot analysis of subcutaneous adipose tissue samples revealed that, compared with obese adults with high FA Ra, those with low FA Ra had lower markers of lipase activation and higher abundance of glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase, which is a primary enzyme for fatty acid esterification. Microarray and pathway analysis provided evidence of lower fibrosis and lower SAPK/JNK pathway activation in obese adults with low FA Ra compared with those with high FA Ra. Our findings suggest that alterations in factors regulating triglyceride storage in adipose tissue, along with lower fibrosis and inflammatory pathway activation, may underlie maintenance of a relatively low FA Ra in obesity, which may help protect against the development of insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Douglas W Van Pelt
- Substrate Metabolism Laboratory, School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Lisa M Guth
- Substrate Metabolism Laboratory, School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Abigail Y Wang
- Substrate Metabolism Laboratory, School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Jeffrey F Horowitz
- Substrate Metabolism Laboratory, School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
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SorLA in Interleukin-6 Signaling and Turnover. Mol Cell Biol 2017; 37:MCB.00641-16. [PMID: 28265003 PMCID: PMC5440653 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.00641-16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2016] [Accepted: 02/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a multifunctional cytokine with important functions in various physiologic processes. Mice lacking IL-6 exhibit multiple phenotypic abnormalities, such as an inadequate immune and acute-phase response, and elevated levels of circulating IL-6 have been found to accompany several pathological conditions. IL-6 binds the nonsignaling IL-6 receptor (IL-6R), which is expressed as a transmembrane, as well as a secreted circulating protein, before it engages homodimeric gp130 for signaling. Complex formation between IL-6 and the membrane-bound IL-6 receptor gives rise to classic cis signaling, whereas complex formation between IL-6 and the soluble IL-6R results in trans signaling. Here, we report that the endocytic receptor SorLA targets IL-6 and IL-6R. We present evidence that SorLA mediates efficient cellular uptake of both IL-6 and the circulating IL-6R in astrocytes. We further show that SorLA interacts with the membrane-bound IL-6R at the cell surface and thereby downregulates IL-6 cis signaling. Finally, we find that the SorLA ectodomain, released from the cell membrane upon enzymatic cleavage of full-length SorLA, may act as an IL-6 carrier protein that stabilizes IL-6 and its capacity for trans signaling.
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40
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McCaw L, Shi Y, Wang G, Li YJ, Spaner DE. Low Density Lipoproteins Amplify Cytokine-signaling in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Cells. EBioMedicine 2016; 15:24-35. [PMID: 27932296 PMCID: PMC5233814 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2016.11.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2016] [Revised: 11/26/2016] [Accepted: 11/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies suggest there is a high incidence of elevated low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL) patients and a survival benefit from cholesterol-lowering statin drugs. The mechanisms of these observations and the kinds of patients they apply to are unclear. Using an in vitro model of the pseudofollicles where CLL cells originate, LDLs were found to increase plasma membrane cholesterol, signaling molecules such as tyrosine-phosphorylated STAT3, and activated CLL cell numbers. The signaling effects of LDLs were not seen in normal lymphocytes or glycolytic lymphoma cell-lines but were restored by transduction with the nuclear receptor PPARδ, which mediates metabolic activity in CLL cells. Breakdown of LDLs in lysosomes was required for the amplification effect, which correlated with down-regulation of HMGCR expression and long lymphocyte doubling times (LDTs) of 53.6 ± 10.4 months. Cholesterol content of circulating CLL cells correlated directly with blood LDL levels in a subgroup of patients. These observations suggest LDLs may enhance proliferative responses of CLL cells to inflammatory signals. Prospective clinical trials are needed to confirm the therapeutic potential of lowering LDL concentrations in CLL, particularly in patients with indolent disease in the “watch-and-wait” phase of management. Slow-growing CLL cells use lysosomal lipase to break low density lipoproteins (LDLs) into free fatty acids and cholesterol. LdL degradation products increase survival of proliferating CLL cells. LDLs decrease oxidative stress and increase plasma membrane cholesterol. LDLs amplify signaling responses to cytokines but not antigens in proliferating CLL cells. Rapidly growing CLL cells, acute leukemia cells, and normal lymphocytes do not exhibit this dependence on LDLs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsay McCaw
- Biology Platform, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada; Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Yonghong Shi
- Biology Platform, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada
| | - Guizhi Wang
- Biology Platform, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada
| | - You-Jun Li
- Biology Platform, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada; Department of Human Anatomy, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China
| | - David E Spaner
- Biology Platform, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada; Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada; Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4, Canada; Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 2M9, Canada; Sunnybrook Odette Cancer Center, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada.
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41
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Schmidt V, Subkhangulova A, Willnow TE. Sorting receptor SORLA: cellular mechanisms and implications for disease. Cell Mol Life Sci 2016; 74:1475-1483. [PMID: 27832290 PMCID: PMC5357279 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-016-2410-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2016] [Revised: 11/01/2016] [Accepted: 11/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Sorting-related receptor with A-type repeats (SORLA) is an intracellular sorting receptor that directs cargo proteins, such as kinases, phosphatases, and signaling receptors, to their correct location within the cell. The activity of SORLA assures proper function of cells and tissues, and receptor dysfunction is the underlying cause of common human malignancies, including Alzheimer’s disease, atherosclerosis, and obesity. Here, we discuss the molecular mechanisms that govern sorting of SORLA and its cargo in multiple cell types, and why genetic defects in this receptor results in devastating diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Schmidt
- Max-Delbrueck-Center for Molecular Medicine, Robert-Roessle-Str. 10, 13125, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Aygul Subkhangulova
- Max-Delbrueck-Center for Molecular Medicine, Robert-Roessle-Str. 10, 13125, Berlin, Germany
| | - Thomas E Willnow
- Max-Delbrueck-Center for Molecular Medicine, Robert-Roessle-Str. 10, 13125, Berlin, Germany.,Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
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42
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Levels of the soluble LDL receptor-relative LR11 decrease in overweight individuals with type 2 diabetes upon diet-induced weight loss. Atherosclerosis 2016; 254:67-72. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2016.09.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2016] [Revised: 09/15/2016] [Accepted: 09/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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43
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Scholz GH, Hanefeld M. Metabolic Vascular Syndrome: New Insights into a Multidimensional Network of Risk Factors and Diseases. Visc Med 2016; 32:319-326. [PMID: 27921043 DOI: 10.1159/000450866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Since 1981, we have used the term metabolic syndrome to describe an association of a dysregulation in lipid metabolism (high triglycerides, low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, disturbed glucose homeostasis (enhanced fasting and/or prandial glucose), gout, and hypertension), with android obesity being based on a common soil (overnutrition, reduced physical activity, sociocultural factors, and genetic predisposition). We hypothesized that main traits of the syndrome occur early and are tightly connected with hyperinsulinemia/insulin resistance, procoagulation, and cardiovascular diseases. METHODS To establish a close link between the traits of the metabolic vascular syndrome, we focused our literature search on recent original work and comprehensive reviews dealing with the topics metabolic syndrome, visceral obesity, fatty liver, fat tissue inflammation, insulin resistance, atherogenic dyslipidemia, arterial hypertension, and type 2 diabetes mellitus. RESULTS Recent research supports the concept that the metabolic vascular syndrome is a multidimensional and interactive network of risk factors and diseases based on individual genetic susceptibility and epigenetic changes where metabolic dysregulation/metabolic inflexibility in different organs and vascular dysfunction are early interconnected. CONCLUSION The metabolic vascular syndrome is not only a risk factor constellation but rather a life-long abnormality of a closely connected interactive cluster of developing diseases which escalate each other and should continuously attract the attention of every clinician.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerhard H Scholz
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology, Cardiology and General Medicine, St. Elisabeth-Krankenhaus Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany; Leipziger Institut für Präventivmedizin GmbH, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Markolf Hanefeld
- GWT-TUD GmbH, Dresden Technical University, Dresden, Germany; Medical Clinic III, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Dresden, Germany
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44
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Izaguirre M, Catalán V, Frühbeck G. Elucidating the Role of Peripheral Neurotensin in Appetite Control. Endocrinology 2016; 157:3391-3. [PMID: 27580805 DOI: 10.1210/en.2016-1542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maitane Izaguirre
- Metabolic Research Laboratory (M.I., V.C., G.F.) and Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition (G.F.), Clínica Universidad de Navarra, University of Navarra, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra, and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (M.I., V.C., G.F.), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Victoria Catalán
- Metabolic Research Laboratory (M.I., V.C., G.F.) and Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition (G.F.), Clínica Universidad de Navarra, University of Navarra, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra, and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (M.I., V.C., G.F.), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Gema Frühbeck
- Metabolic Research Laboratory (M.I., V.C., G.F.) and Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition (G.F.), Clínica Universidad de Navarra, University of Navarra, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra, and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (M.I., V.C., G.F.), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
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