1
|
Mosadeghrad AM, Afshari M, Isfahani P, Ezzati F, Abbasi M, Farahani SA, Zahmatkesh M, Eslambolchi L. Strategies to strengthen the resilience of primary health care in the COVID-19 pandemic: a scoping review. BMC Health Serv Res 2024; 24:841. [PMID: 39054502 PMCID: PMC11270795 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-024-11278-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Primary Health Care (PHC) systems are pivotal in delivering essential health services during crises, as demonstrated during the COVID-19 pandemic. With varied global strategies to reinforce PHC systems, this scoping review consolidates these efforts, identifying and categorizing key resilience-building strategies. METHODS Adopting Arksey and O'Malley's scoping review framework, this study synthesized literature across five databases and Google Scholar, encompassing studies up to December 31st, 2022. We focused on English and Persian studies that addressed interventions to strengthen PHC amidst COVID-19. Data were analyzed through thematic framework analysis employing MAXQDA 10 software. RESULTS Our review encapsulated 167 studies from 48 countries, revealing 194 interventions to strengthen PHC resilience, categorized into governance and leadership, financing, workforce, infrastructures, information systems, and service delivery. Notable strategies included telemedicine, workforce training, psychological support, and enhanced health information systems. The diversity of the interventions reflects a robust global response, emphasizing the adaptability of strategies across different health systems. CONCLUSIONS The study underscored the need for well-resourced, managed, and adaptable PHC systems, capable of maintaining continuity in health services during emergencies. The identified interventions suggested a roadmap for integrating resilience into PHC, essential for global health security. This collective knowledge offered a strategic framework to enhance PHC systems' readiness for future health challenges, contributing to the overall sustainability and effectiveness of global health systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ali Mohammad Mosadeghrad
- Health policy and management, Health Economics and Management Department, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahnaz Afshari
- Health policy, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Saveh University of Medical Sciences, Saveh, Iran
| | - Parvaneh Isfahani
- Health management, School of Public Health, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran
| | - Farahnaz Ezzati
- Health services management, Health Economics and Management Department, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahdi Abbasi
- Health services management, Health Economics and Management Department, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shahrzad Akhavan Farahani
- Health services management, Health Economics and Management Department, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Zahmatkesh
- Health Management, School of Business and Management, Royal Holloway University of London, London, UK
| | - Leila Eslambolchi
- Health services management, Health Economics and Management Department, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Ravalihasy A, Faye A, Diallo AI, Gaye I, Ridde V. A social acceptability scale: Validation in the context of government measures to curb the COVID-19 pandemic in Senegal. Ann Epidemiol 2024; 94:49-63. [PMID: 38641214 DOI: 10.1016/j.annepidem.2024.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In March 2020, the government of Senegal introduced a curfew, a ban on travel between regions, the closure of markets, and a ban on attending places of worship to contain the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic. As part of research into the response to COVID-19, we developed a scale to measure the social acceptability of these measures. METHODS We used Sekhon's theoretical framework of acceptability (TFA) to formulate the content of the scale items. We assessed the homogeneity of the scale using Cronbach's Alpha and average interitem correlations. We measured the dimensional properties of the scale using rating scale models. We tested the sensitivity of the scale to sociodemographic characteristics using mixed linear regressions and rating scale models. RESULTS The final scale consisted of seven items corresponding to the constructs of acceptability. Analysis performed on data from 813 individuals showed that the scale has satisfactory statistical properties (Cronbach's α > 0.8, Loevinger's coefficient>0.3, intraclass correlation>0.4). CONCLUSION This scale was one of the first to test the TFA. The small number of items was advantageous for use under challenging data collection contexts. Measuring the acceptability of public health interventions with this tool can help in their design and implementation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Adama Faye
- Ised (Institute of Health and Development), Ucad (Cheikh Anta Diop University), Dakar Senegal
| | - Amadou Ibra Diallo
- Ised (Institute of Health and Development), Ucad (Cheikh Anta Diop University), Dakar Senegal
| | - Ibrahima Gaye
- Ised (Institute of Health and Development), Ucad (Cheikh Anta Diop University), Dakar Senegal
| | - Valéry Ridde
- Ceped (IRD-Université Paris Cité-Inserm ERL 1244), Paris France; Ised (Institute of Health and Development), Ucad (Cheikh Anta Diop University), Dakar Senegal
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Gruiskens JRJH, van Hoef LFM, Theunissen MM, Courtens AM, Gidding-Slok AHM, van Schayck OCP, van den Beuken-van Everdingen MMHJ. Recommendations for Improving Chronic Care in Times of a Pandemic Based on Patient Experiences. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2024; 25:623-632.e5. [PMID: 38000443 DOI: 10.1016/j.jamda.2023.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The COVID-19 pandemic had a profound and pervasive impact on the health of chronic care patients and disrupted care systems worldwide. Our research aimed to assess the impact of the pandemic on chronic care provision and provide recommendations for improving care provision, based on patient experiences. DESIGN Qualitative semi-structured interviews were held among patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) or heart failure. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS Using stratified sampling, 23 patients with COPD, heart failure, or both were recruited to participate in semi-structured interviews. In the summer of 2021, online interviews were conducted. METHODS An iterative process was adopted to analyze the data. Going back and forth through the data and our analytical structure, we first coded the data, and subsequently developed categories, themes, and aggregate dimensions. The data were synthesized in a data structure and a data table, which were analyzed using an interpretative approach. RESULTS We found 3 dimensions through which care might be improved: (1) proactive and adaptive health care organization and use of innovative technologies, (2) assistance in maintaining patient resilience and coping strategies, and (3) health care built on outreaching and person-centered care enabling identification of individual patient needs. Experiences of impaired accessibility to care, altered and unmet care demands and patient needs, and the negative impact of national containment strategies on patient resilience support the need for improvement in these dimensions. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS The in-depth insight gained on the impact of the pandemic on chronic care provision was used to propose recommendations for improving care, supported by not only the what and how but also the why developments require additional efforts made by policymakers and change agents, augmented by structural use and development of innovations. Health care organizations should be enabled to rapidly respond to changing internal and external environments, develop and implement innovations, and match care to patient needs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeroen R J H Gruiskens
- Department of Family Medicine, CAPHRI School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
| | - Liesbeth F M van Hoef
- Expertise Centre for Palliative Care, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Maurice M Theunissen
- Expertise Centre for Palliative Care, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Annemie M Courtens
- Expertise Centre for Palliative Care, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Annerika H M Gidding-Slok
- Department of Family Medicine, CAPHRI School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Onno C P van Schayck
- Department of Family Medicine, CAPHRI School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Yeboah I, Dwomoh D, Ndejjo R, Kabwama SN, Ohemeng F, Takyi SA, Issah I, Bawuah SA, Wanyenze RK, Fobil J. Maintaining essential health services during COVID-19 in Ghana: a qualitative study. BMJ Glob Health 2024; 8:e013284. [PMID: 38490688 PMCID: PMC11148662 DOI: 10.1136/bmjgh-2023-013284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Evidence suggests that non-pharmaceutical interventions such as lockdown policies, restriction of movement and physical distancing to control the novel COVID-19 contributed to the decline in utilisation of essential health services. We explored healthcare providers' and policy-makers' experiences of the barriers, interventions and response actions that contributed to ensuring the continuity of essential health services during the COVID-19 pandemic in Ghana to help inform future practice and policy. METHODS We used a qualitative study approach. Data were analysed using thematic analysis. Thirty Four participants composed of 20 healthcare providers and 14 policy-makers who worked across regions with low and high recorded COVID-19 cases in Ghana during the COVID-19 pandemic were involved in this study. RESULTS Participants reported that essential health services including maternal, reproductive and child health services, communicable and non-communicable disease care, and elective surgeries were disrupted during the COVID-19 pandemic. Barriers to the utilisation of essential services were constructed into three subthemes: (1) fear, (2) poor quality of care at the facility and (3) financial limitation. These barriers were mitigated with population-based interventions underpinned by the socioecological model at the individual and interpersonal level (including psychosocial care for families and home visits), institutional and community levels (such as allocation of funds, training of health workers, public education, triage stations, provision of logistics, appointment scheduling, telemedicine and redeployment of health workers) and public policy level (tax relief packages, transportation arrangements and provision of incentives), which helped in maintaining essential health services during COVID-19. CONCLUSION Disruption of essential health services during COVID-19 in Ghana instigated population-based interventions which aided in expanding the populations' continuous access to essential health services and strengthened health service delivery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Isaac Yeboah
- Employment and Society, University of Professional Studies, Legon, Ghana
| | - Duah Dwomoh
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Ghana, Legon, Ghana
| | - Rawlance Ndejjo
- Disease Control and Environmental Health, Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda
| | | | | | - Sylvia Akpene Takyi
- Department of Biological, Environmental, and Occupational Health, University of Ghana, Legon, Ghana
| | - Ibrahim Issah
- Department of Biological, Environmental, and Occupational Health, University of Ghana, Legon, Ghana
| | - Serwaa Akoto Bawuah
- Department of Biological, Environmental, and Occupational Health, University of Ghana, Legon, Ghana
| | | | - Julius Fobil
- Department of Biological, Environmental, and Occupational Health, University of Ghana, Legon, Ghana
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Khatri RB, Endalamaw A, Erku D, Wolka E, Nigatu F, Zewdie A, Assefa Y. Preparedness, impacts, and responses of public health emergencies towards health security: qualitative synthesis of evidence. Arch Public Health 2023; 81:208. [PMID: 38037151 PMCID: PMC10687930 DOI: 10.1186/s13690-023-01223-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Natural and human-made public health emergencies (PHEs), such as armed conflicts, floods, and disease outbreaks, influence health systems including interruption of delivery and utilization of health services, and increased health service needs. However, the intensity and types of impacts of these PHEs vary across countries due to several associated factors. This scoping review aimed to synthesise available evidence on PHEs, their preparedness, impacts, and responses. METHODS We conducted a scoping review of published evidence. Studies were identified using search terms related to two concepts: health security and primary health care. We used Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for scoping reviews (PRISMA-ScR) guidelines to select studies. We adapted the review framework of Arksey and O'Malley. Data were analyzed using a thematic analysis approach and explained under three stages of PHEs: preparedness, impacts, and responses. RESULTS A total of 64 studies were included in this review. Health systems of many low- and middle-income countries had inadequate preparedness to absorb the shocks of PHEs, limited surveillance, and monitoring of risks. Health systems have been overburdened with interrupted health services, increased need for health services, poor health resilience, and health inequities. Strategies of response to the impact of PHEs included integrated services such as public health and primary care, communication and partnership across sectors, use of digital tools, multisectoral coordination and actions, system approach to responses, multidisciplinary providers, and planning for resilient health systems. CONCLUSIONS Public health emergencies have high impacts in countries with weak health systems, inadequate preparedness, and inadequate surveillance mechanisms. Better health system preparedness is required to absorb the impact, respond to the consequences, and adapt for future PHEs. Some potential response strategies could be ensuring need-based health services, monitoring and surveillance of post-emergency outbreaks, and multisectoral actions to engage sectors to address the collateral impacts of PHEs. Mitigation strategies for future PHEs could include risk assessment, disaster preparedness, and setting digital alarm systems for monitoring and surveillance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Resham B Khatri
- Health Social Science and Development Research Institute, Kathmandu, Nepal.
- School of Public Health, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.
| | - Aklilu Endalamaw
- School of Public Health, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
- College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
| | - Daniel Erku
- Centre for Applied Health Economics, School of Medicine, Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Eskinder Wolka
- International Institute for Primary Health Care-Ethiopia, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Frehiwot Nigatu
- International Institute for Primary Health Care-Ethiopia, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Anteneh Zewdie
- International Institute for Primary Health Care-Ethiopia, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Yibeltal Assefa
- School of Public Health, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Samah T. Identifying health research in the era of COVID-19: A scoping review. SAGE Open Med 2023; 11:20503121231180030. [PMID: 37324118 PMCID: PMC10262656 DOI: 10.1177/20503121231180030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Health improvements are considered one of the most important fields of research. Since the coronavirus disease 2019 was declared a pandemic, it might have impacted clinical and public health research in various forms. Objectives The goal of this study is to explore health research approaches in the era of coronavirus disease 2019. Methods In this scoping review, we reviewed published medical full-text studies and identified potential areas of interest of health research in the era the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic during the last 3 years within a higher educational setting. A bibliometric analysis was used to compare among published works. Results Among the 93 studies that met the inclusion criteria, most focused on mental health (n = 23; 24.7%). Twenty-one publications targeted coronavirus disease 2019 and its consequences on general health. Other studies have described hemato-oncological, cardiovascular, respiratory, and endocrinological diseases. 42 studies were cross-sectional or cohort studies and most of them published in Q1 journals. Almost half of them belonged to the Faculty of Medicine (49.5%) followed by the School of Arts, Sciences, and Psychology (26.9%). Conclusions Health research has been demonstrated to be important, at all times, especially during crises. Therefore, researchers need to invest more efforts into seeking new medical updates in various health-related fields, regardless of their correlation with coronavirus disease 2019.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tawil Samah
- School of Medicine, Lebanese American University, Beirut, Lebanon
- Institut National de Santé Publique d’Épidémiologie Clinique et de Toxicologie-Liban (INSPECT-LB), Beirut, Lebanon
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Chamberlain SA, Warner G, Andrew MK, Hande MJ, Hubley E, Weeks LE, Keefe JM. With COVID Comes Complexity: Assessing the Implementation of Family Visitation Programs in Long-Term Care. THE GERONTOLOGIST 2023; 63:490-500. [PMID: 36462193 PMCID: PMC10028227 DOI: 10.1093/geront/gnac175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic visitor restrictions to long-term care facilities have demonstrated that eliminating opportunities for family-resident contact has devastating consequences for residents' quality of life. Our study aimed to understand how public health directives to support family visitations during the pandemic were navigated, managed, and implemented by staff. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Guided by the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research, we conducted video/telephone interviews with 54 direct care and implementation staff in six long-term care homes in two Canadian provinces to assess implementation barriers and facilitators of visitation programs. Equity and inclusion issues were examined in the program's implementation. RESULTS Despite similar public health directives, implementation varied by facility, largely influenced by the existing culture and processes of the facility and the staff understanding of the program; differences resulted in how designated family members were chosen and restrictions around visitations (e.g., scheduling and location). Facilitators of implementation were good communication networks, leadership, and intentional planning to develop the visitor designation processes. However, the lack of consultation with direct care staff led to logistical challenges around visitation and ignited conflict around visitation rules and procedures. DISCUSSION AND IMPLICATIONS Insights into the complexities of implementing family visitation programs during a pandemic are discussed, and opportunities for improvement are identified. Our results reveal the importance of proactively including direct care staff and family in planning for future outbreaks.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie A Chamberlain
- Faculty of Nursing, College of Health Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Grace Warner
- School of Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Health, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Melissa K Andrew
- Department of Medicine (Geriatrics), Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Mary Jean Hande
- Department of Sociology, Trent University, Peterborough, Ontario, Canada
| | - Emily Hubley
- Nova Scotia Centre on Aging, Mount Saint Vincent University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Lori E Weeks
- School of Nursing, Faculty of Health, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Janice M Keefe
- Nova Scotia Centre on Aging, Mount Saint Vincent University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
- Department of Family Studies and Gerontology, Mount Saint Vincent University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Deselaers C, Dahmen A, Lippke S. Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on CSR Activities of Healthcare Providers. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 20:368. [PMID: 36612690 PMCID: PMC9819171 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20010368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
(1) Background: Corporate social responsibility (CSR) is important for every company that cares for sustainable structures. Healthcare providers especially have made social responsibility their goal. However, crises such as the COVID-19 pandemic impacted different activities within the healthcare sector including CSR and its monitoring. However, theory-driven CSR research within the healthcare sector is scarce and monitoring requires a structured understanding of the processes. Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate the CSR practices and activities which healthcare providers have implemented in an exemplified country namely Germany and the effect of the pandemic in this process. (2) Methods: Participants were sampled based on their field of care (general, psychiatric, or rehabilitation), the type of organization (public, private, or non-profit), and group membership. A total of 18 healthcare providers were initially recruited, out of which nine participated in the interviews. They represent companies with yearly revenue of between EUR 110 million and EUR 6 billion, and have between 900 and 73,000 employees. (3) Results: CSR-related activities were postponed due to times of crisis. There was a necessity to rapidly digitalize processes. Frequent and precise communication turned out to be important for keeping employees' well-being, motivation, and satisfaction levels high. Environmental efforts were counteracted by new hygienic requirements and a shift in priorities. Many study participants expressed the hope that after the pandemic, newly established methods, processes, and structures (e.g., digital meetings, quicker and more inclusive communication) would be maintained and developed further. (4) Conclusions: The pandemic has been challenging and at the same time, these challenges also created opportunities to strike a new path using the learnings to overcome future health-related or economic crises.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christina Deselaers
- School of Business, Social and Decision Science, Constructor University (Formerly Known as Jacobs University Bremen gGmbH), Campus Ring 1, 28759 Bremen, Germany
| | - Alina Dahmen
- School of Business, Social and Decision Science, Constructor University (Formerly Known as Jacobs University Bremen gGmbH), Campus Ring 1, 28759 Bremen, Germany
- Klinikum Wolfsburg, 38440 Wolfsburg, Germany
| | - Sonia Lippke
- School of Business, Social and Decision Science, Constructor University (Formerly Known as Jacobs University Bremen gGmbH), Campus Ring 1, 28759 Bremen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Khalil H, Peters MDJ, McInerney PA, Godfrey CM, Alexander L, Evans C, Pieper D, Moraes EB, Tricco AC, Munn Z, Pollock D. The role of scoping reviews in reducing research waste. J Clin Epidemiol 2022; 152:30-35. [PMID: 36179936 DOI: 10.1016/j.jclinepi.2022.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Scoping reviews and evidence map methodologies are increasingly being used by researchers. The objective of this article is to examine how scoping reviews can reduce research waste. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING This article summarizes the key issues facing the research community regarding research waste and how scoping reviews can make an important contribution to the reduction of research waste in both primary and secondary research. RESULTS The problem of research waste is an enduring challenge for global health, leading to a waste of human and financial resources and producing research outputs that do not provide answers to the most pressing research questions. Research waste occurs within primary research but also in secondary research such as evidence syntheses. The focus of scoping reviews on characterizing the nature of existing evidence on a topic and including all types of evidence, potentially reduces research waste in five ways: (1) identifying key research gaps on a topic, (2) determining appropriate outcome measures, (3) mapping existing methodological approaches, (4) developing a consistent understanding of terms and concepts used in existing evidence, and (5) ensuring scoping reviews do not exacerbate the issue of research waste. CONCLUSION To ensure that scoping reviews do not themselves end up contributing to research waste, it is important to register the scoping review and to ensure that international reporting standards and methodological guidance are followed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hanan Khalil
- School of Psychology and Public Health, Department of Public Health, La Trobe University, Kingsbury Drive, Bundoora, Victoria 3086, Australia.
| | - Micah D J Peters
- University of South Australia, Clinical and Health Sciences, Rosemary Bryant AO Research Centre, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia; Adelaide Nursing School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia; The Centre for Evidence-based Practice South Australia (CEPSA): A JBI Centre of Excellence, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Patricia A McInerney
- The Wits-JBI Centre for Evidence-Based Practice: A JBI Centre of Excellence, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Witwatersrand, South Africa
| | - Christina M Godfrey
- Queen's Collaboration for Health Care Quality: A JBI Centre of Excellence, Queen's University School of Nursing, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lyndsay Alexander
- School of Health Sciences, Robert Gordon University, Aberdeen, UK; The Scottish Centre for Evidence-based Multi-professional Practice: A JBI Centre of Excellence, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Catrin Evans
- The Nottingham Centre for Evidence Based Healthcare: A JBI Centre of Excellence, School of Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Dawid Pieper
- Faculty of Health Sciences Brandenburg, Brandenburg Medical School (Theodor Fontane), Institute for Health Services and Health Systems Research, Rüdersdorf, Germany; Center for Health Services Research, Brandenburg Medical School (Theodor Fontane), Rüdersdorf, Germany
| | - Erica B Moraes
- Federal Fluminense University, Nursing School, Department of Nursing Fundamentals and Administration, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; The Brazilian Centre of Evidence-based Healthcare: A JBI Centre of Excellence (JBI Brazil), São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Andrea C Tricco
- Queen's Collaboration for Health Care Quality: A JBI Centre of Excellence, Queen's University School of Nursing, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada; Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Epidemiology Division and Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Zachary Munn
- JBI, Faculty of Health and Medical Science, School of Public Health, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Danielle Pollock
- JBI, Faculty of Health and Medical Science, School of Public Health, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Erdogan M, Ayyildiz E. Comparison of hospital service performances under COVID-19 pandemics for pilot regions with low vaccination rates. EXPERT SYSTEMS WITH APPLICATIONS 2022; 206:117773. [PMID: 35702379 PMCID: PMC9181836 DOI: 10.1016/j.eswa.2022.117773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
It is essential to measure the quality and performance of health centers and propose policies in order for health services to continue without interruption during the pandemic period and for the continuous and proper implementation of new procedures in hospitals with COVID-19.The measurement of service quality and performance in hospitals should be provided not only for the smooth flow of health services that are vital for individuals but also for the elimination of hesitations in the treatment and vaccination processes related to COVID-19. Previously, models have been proposed by introducing some criteria to measure and evaluate hospital service performance in some extraordinary conditions, but such a study has not yet been put forward under pandemic conditions. Starting from this point, we aim to fill the gap in the literature by conducting a measurement study for hospitals in the pilot region, where COVID-19 cases are common but vaccination is observed at low rates. For this aim, the evaluation criteria are gathered under basic dimensions as in SERVPERF (Service Performance), which is a widely used tool for measuring service quality and a fuzzy multi-criteria decision analysis is proposed to measure the service performance of state hospitals for a pilot region. In the proposed methodology, the integrated methods consisting of CRITIC-TOPSIS have been extended with fermatean fuzzy sets. Expert opinions are taken via questionaries to determine hospital service performances. Based on the results obtained from the hospitals in the pilot region, the policies and strategies to be adopted by the hospitals serving under pandemic conditions worldwide to increase the service quality have been put forward. Additionally, the sensitivity of the parameters in the problem is measured, and then the validity of the obtained results is also validated. According to the results, assurance is determined as the most important main service performance factor during the pandemic period. So, the managers should develop strategies to address people's concerns about vaccines and increase people's trust in hospitals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Melike Erdogan
- Department of Industrial Engineering, Duzce University, 81620 Duzce, Turkey
| | - Ertugrul Ayyildiz
- Department of Industrial Engineering, Karadeniz Technical University, 61080 Trabzon, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Vazquez R, Navarrete A, Thien Nguyen A, Montiel GI. “A Voice to Uplift Other People”: A Case Study of Integrating Organizing Methods in an FQHC-Based COVID-19 Vaccine Initiative in Latinx Communities. JOURNAL OF HUMANISTIC PSYCHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1177/00221678221125330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic added another layer of trauma for working-class communities who have experienced trauma from systemic inequity and racism. Early pandemic response efforts failed to reach the most vulnerable Latinx communities in the United States due to historic disinvestment in these communities. Federally Qualified Health Centers (FQHCs) were uniquely positioned to respond to the pandemic through testing and vaccine implementation because of their footprint in these communities. However, to advance equitable COVID-19 recovery and long-term, trauma-informed community resilience, FQHCs need to expand their role beyond immediate response through testing and vaccine deployment. Applying Freirean principles of liberation to an integrated model for crisis recovery and community resilience-building, this article presents a case study of the implementation of a COVID-19 vaccine outreach and education initiative at AltaMed Health Services, one of the largest FQHCs in the United States. Findings suggest that leveraging organizing and empowerment strategies to implement COVID-19 vaccine distribution in working-class communities contributes to pathways for community health and well-being, infrastructure for crisis response and recovery, equitable service and information delivery ecosystems, and engaged and empowered communities. Lessons from this study can provide a blueprint for integrating strategies for long-term community resilience, capacity-building, and empowerment in crisis response and community harm mitigation initiatives. Findings from this study also present a model for enhancing the role of FQHCs to facilitate community organizing and engagement for health equity.
Collapse
|
12
|
Herron LM, Phillips G, Brolan CE, Mitchell R, O'Reilly G, Sharma D, Körver S, Kendino M, Poloniati P, Kafoa B, Cox M. "When all else fails you have to come to the emergency department": Overarching lessons about emergency care resilience from frontline clinicians in Pacific Island countries and territories during the COVID-19 pandemic. THE LANCET REGIONAL HEALTH. WESTERN PACIFIC 2022; 25:100519. [PMID: 35822061 PMCID: PMC9262465 DOI: 10.1016/j.lanwpc.2022.100519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic continues to test health systems resilience worldwide. Low- and middle-income country (LMIC) health care systems have considerable experience in disasters and disease outbreaks. Lessons from the preparedness and responses to COVID-19 in LMICs may be valuable to other countries.This policy paper synthesises findings from a multiphase qualitative research project, conducted during the pandemic to document experiences of Pacific Island Country and Territory (PICT) frontline clinicians and emergency care (EC) stakeholders. Thematic analysis and synthesis of enablers related to each of the Pacific EC systems building blocks identified key factors contributing to strengthened EC systems.Effective health system responses to the COVID-19 pandemic occurred when frontline clinicians and 'decision makers' collaborated with respect and open communication, overcoming healthcare workers' fear and discontent. PICT EC clinicians demonstrated natural leadership and strengthened local EC systems, supporting essential healthcare. Despite resource limitations, PICT cultural strengths of relational connection and innovation ensured health system resilience. COVID-19 significantly disrupted services, with long-tail impacts on non-communicable disease and other health burdens.Lessons learned in responding to COVID-19 can be applied to ongoing health system strengthening initiatives. Optimal systems improvement and sustainability requires EC leaders' involvement in current decision-making as well as future planning. Search strategy and selection criteria Search strategy and selection criteria We searched PubMed, Google Scholar, Ovid, WHO resources, Pacific and grey literature using search terms 'emergency care', 'acute/critical care', 'health care workers', 'emergency care systems/health systems', 'health system building blocks', 'COVID-19', 'pandemic/surge event/disease outbreaks' 'Low- and Middle-Income Countries', 'Pacific Islands/region' and related terms. Only English-language articles were included. Funding Phases 1 and 2A of this study were part of an Epidemic Ethics/World Health Organization (WHO) initiative, supported by Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office/Wellcome Grant 214711/Z/18/Z. Copyright of the original work on which this publication is based belongs to WHO. The authors have been given permission to publish this manuscript. The authors alone are responsible for the views expressed in this publication and they do not necessarily represent the views, decisions or policies of WHO. Co-funding for this research was received from the Australasian College for Emergency Medicine Foundation via an International Development Fund Grant. RM is supported by a National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) Postgraduate Scholarship and a Monash Graduate Excellence Scholarship. GOR is supported by a NHMRC Early Career Research Fellowship. CEB is supported by a University of Queensland Development Research Fellowship. None of these funders played any role in study design, results analysis or manuscript preparation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lisa-Maree Herron
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Georgina Phillips
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
- Emergency Department, St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Claire E. Brolan
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
- Centre for Policy Futures, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Rob Mitchell
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
- Emergency & Trauma Centre, Alfred Health, Australia
| | - Gerard O'Reilly
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
- Global Programs, Emergency & Trauma Centre, Alfred Health, Australia
| | - Deepak Sharma
- Emergency Department, Colonial War Memorial Hospital, Suva, Fiji
| | - Sarah Körver
- Australasian College for Emergency Medicine, Melbourne, Australia
| | | | | | - Berlin Kafoa
- Public Health Division, Secretariat of the Pacific Community, Suva, Fiji
| | - Megan Cox
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Australia
- The Sutherland Hospital, NSW, Australia
- State Retrieval Consultant, NSW Ambulance, Sydney, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Beatrice F, Calleja N. Early warning indicators of COVID-19 burden for a prosilient European pandemic response. Eur J Public Health 2021; 31:iv21-iv26. [PMID: 34751370 PMCID: PMC8576301 DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckab154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The European Union has been criticized for responding to the COVID-19 pandemic in a reactive, rather than prosilient manner. For the EU bloc to be prosilient, it needs to have the right early warning indicators to allow short-term healthcare system preparedness and agile planning of the public health response. METHOD The association of COVID-19 disease burden, as measured by mortality (COVID-19 and all-cause), hospital and ICU occupancy, with incidence rate (IR), total positivity rate (TPR) and adjusted TPR as proposed by Vong and Kakkar, was investigated using Poisson regression analysis. This was carried out using both real-time data and time lags of up to 8 weeks to identify potential for early warning of spikes in disease burden. ECDC weekly figures for these indicators were used, and the analysis was repeated for the subset of data after Week 42 of 2020, when the EU Council introduced minimum COVID-19 testing rates. RESULTS TPR and IR were noted to be the most predictive of COVID-19 disease burden whilst adjusted TPR applied on weekly data was not associated. TPR behaved better at predicting all-cause mortality in both analyses. The TPR and IR were both best associated with hospital and ICU occupancy and COVID-19 mortality with a short time lag (2-3 weeks in the case of TPR with hospital occupancy and COVID-19 mortality). CONCLUSIONS Monitoring TPR can provide a 2-3-week warning of a spike in hospital occupancy and COVID-19 mortality. This time, if well utilized, could help health systems save countless lives by mobilising resources.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Farrugia Beatrice
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Malta, Msida, Malta
| | - Neville Calleja
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Malta, Msida, Malta
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Schoch-Spana M, Ravi SJ, Martin EK. Modeling epidemic recovery: An expert elicitation on issues and approaches. Soc Sci Med 2021; 292:114554. [PMID: 34810032 PMCID: PMC8574926 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2021.114554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Since the emergence of the SARS-CoV-2 virus in late 2019, the world has been in a state of high alert and reactivity. Once the acute stage of the infectious disease crisis does abate, however, few if any communities will have a detailed roadmap to guide recovery - that is, the process of becoming whole again and working to reduce similar, future risk. In both research and policy contexts where data are absent or difficult to obtain, expert judgment can help fill the void. Between November 2019 and February 2020, we conducted an expert elicitation process, asking fourteen key informants - with specializations in infectious diseases, disaster recovery, community resilience, public health, emergency management, and policymaking - to identify the design principles, priority issues, and field experiences that should inform development of an epidemic recovery model. Participants argued that recovery from epidemics is distinct from natural disasters due to epidemics' potential to produce effects over large areas for extended periods of time and ability to generate high levels of fear, anticipatory anxiety, and antisocial behavior. Furthermore, epidemic recovery is a complex, nonlinear process involving many domains - political, economic, sociocultural, infrastructural, and human health. As such, an adequate model of post-epidemic recovery should extend beyond strictly medical matters, specify units of interest (e.g., individual, family, institution, sector, community), capture differing trajectories of recovery given social determinants of health, and be fit for use depending upon user group (e.g., policymakers, responders, researchers). This formative study commences a longer-term effort to generate indicators for a holistic, transformative epidemic recovery at the community level.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Monica Schoch-Spana
- The Johns Hopkins Center for Health Security, 621 East Pratt Street, Pier IV Building, Suite 210, Baltimore, MD, 21202, USA.
| | - Sanjana J Ravi
- The Johns Hopkins Center for Health Security, 621 East Pratt Street, Pier IV Building, Suite 210, Baltimore, MD, 21202, USA.
| | - Elena K Martin
- The Johns Hopkins Center for Health Security, 621 East Pratt Street, Pier IV Building, Suite 210, Baltimore, MD, 21202, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Paul E, Brown GW, Dechamps M, Kalk A, Laterre PF, Rentier B, Ridde V, Zizi M. COVID-19: an 'extraterrestrial' disease? Int J Infect Dis 2021; 110:155-159. [PMID: 34325044 PMCID: PMC8312087 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2021.07.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Since the beginning of the pandemic, COVID-19 has been regarded as an exceptional disease. Control measures have exclusively focused on 'the virus', while failing to account for other biological and social factors that determine severe forms of the disease. AIM We argue that although COVID-19 was initially considered a new challenge, justifying extraordinary response measures, this situation has changed - and so should our response. MAIN ARGUMENTS We now know that COVID-19 shares many features of common infectious respiratory diseases, and can now ascertain that SARS-CoV-2 has not suddenly presented new problems. Instead, it has exposed and exacerbated existing problems in health systems and the underlying health of the population. COVID-19 is evidently not an 'extraterrestrial' disease. It is a complex zoonotic disease, and it needs to be managed as such, following long-proven principles of medicine and public health. CONCLUSION A complex disease cannot be solved through a simple, magic-bullet cure or vaccine. The heterogeneity of population profiles susceptible to developing a severe form of COVID-19 suggests the need to adopt varying, targeted measures that are able to address risk profiles in an appropriate way. The critical role of comorbidities in disease severity calls for short-term, virus-targeted interventions to be complemented with medium-term policies aimed at reducing the burden of comorbidities, as well as mitigating the risk of transition from infection to disease. Strategies required include upstream prevention, early treatment, and consolidation of the health system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth Paul
- School of Public Health, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium.
| | | | - Mélanie Dechamps
- Cardiovascular ICU, St-Luc University Hospital, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Andreas Kalk
- Kinshasa Country Office, Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Pierre-François Laterre
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, St-Luc University Hospital, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Bernard Rentier
- Rector Emeritus, Prof. Em. Virology & Viral Immunology, Université de Liège, Belgium
| | - Valéry Ridde
- CEPED, Institute for Research on Sustainable Development (IRD), IRD-Université de Paris, ERL INSERM SAGESUD, Paris, France
| | - Martin Zizi
- CEO, Aerendir Mobile Inc., Mountain View, CA, USA; formerly Prof. at VUB (Brussels) and KULeuven, ex-CSO Belgian Ministry of Defense
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
McMahon M, Creatore MI, Thompson E, Lay AM, Hoffman SJ, Finegood DT, Glazier RH. The Promise of Science, Knowledge Mobilization, and Rapid Learning Systems for COVID-19 Recovery. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEALTH SERVICES 2021; 51:242-246. [PMID: 33736515 DOI: 10.1177/0020731421997089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The health, economic, and social crises created by the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic have been global in scope and inequitable in impact. The global road to recovery can be enhanced with robust, relevant, and timely scientific evidence. This commentary seeks to illustrate the power of science, scientific collaboration, and innovative research funding programs to inform pandemic recovery and inspire transformational changes for a more equitable, resilient, and sustainable future. Specifically, this commentary provides an introduction to the United Nations (UN) Research Roadmap for the COVID-19 Recovery that was published in November 2020. It introduces 5 scoping reviews that helped inform the UN Research Roadmap and that are now available open access within this series of special papers, and it provides an overview of an innovative research funding program that facilitated rapid mobilization and collaboration to produce the scoping reviews. The publication of the scoping reviews in this journal series will help complement and amplify the UN Research Roadmap by furthering knowledge mobilization efforts and informing COVID-19 recovery around the world, to ensure a more equitable, resilient, and sustainable postpandemic future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meghan McMahon
- Institute of Health Services and Policy Research, 27349Canadian Institutes of Health Research, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Marisa I Creatore
- 280092Institute of Population and Public Health, Canadian Institutes of Health Research, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Erin Thompson
- Institute of Health Services and Policy Research, 27349Canadian Institutes of Health Research, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Andrea Morgan Lay
- 280092Institute of Population and Public Health, Canadian Institutes of Health Research, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Steven J Hoffman
- 280092Institute of Population and Public Health, Canadian Institutes of Health Research, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Global Strategy Lab, Toronto, ON, Canada.,York University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Diane T Finegood
- 27349Canadian Health Services and Policy Research Alliance, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Morris J. Wosk Centre for Dialogue, 1763Simon Fraser University, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,1763Simon Fraser University, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Richard H Glazier
- Institute of Health Services and Policy Research, 27349Canadian Institutes of Health Research, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,ICES (Institute for Clinical and Evaluative Sciences) central, Toronto, ON, Canada.,MAP Centre of Urban Health Solutions, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Family and Community Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| |
Collapse
|