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Waldfogel J, Kwon SJ, Wang Y, Washbrook L, Casoni VP, Olczyk M, Schneider T, Panico L, Solaz A, Weinert S, Volodina A, de la Rie S, Keizer R, Nozaki K, Yamashita J, Kameyama Y, Akabayashi H. Inequalities in Resources for Preschool-Age Children by Parental Education: Evidence from Six Advanced Industrialized Countries. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF POPULATION = REVUE EUROPEENNE DE DEMOGRAPHIE 2023; 39:37. [PMID: 38064001 PMCID: PMC10709535 DOI: 10.1007/s10680-023-09685-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
This paper provides new evidence on inequalities in resources for children age 3-4 by parental education using harmonized data from six advanced industrialized countries-United States, United Kingdom, France, Germany, Netherlands, and Japan-that represent different social welfare regime types. We analyze inequalities in two types of resources for young children-family income, and center-based child care-applying two alternative measures of parental education-highest parental education, and maternal education. We hypothesize that inequalities in resources by parental education will be less pronounced in countries where social policies are designed to be more equalizing. The results provide partial support for this hypothesis: the influence of parental education on resources for children does vary by the social policy context, although not in all cases. We also find that the measurement of parental education matters: income disparities are smaller under a maternal-only definition whereas child care disparities are larger. Moreover, the degree of divergence between the two sets of estimates differs across countries. We provide some of the first systematic evidence about how resources for young children vary depending on parents' education and the extent to which such inequalities are buffered by social policies. We find that while early inequalities are a fact of life in all six countries, the extent of those inequalities varies considerably. Moreover, the results suggest that social policy plays a role in moderating the influence of parental education on resources for children.
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Grants
- SCHN 1116/1-1 Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, Germany, SCHN 1116/1-1; WE 1478/12-1)
- WE 1478/12-1 Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, Germany, SCHN 1116/1-1; WE 1478/12-1)
- SCHN 1116/1-1 Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, Germany, SCHN 1116/1-1; WE 1478/12-1)
- WE 1478/12-1 Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, Germany, SCHN 1116/1-1; WE 1478/12-1)
- SCHN 1116/1-1 Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, Germany, SCHN 1116/1-1; WE 1478/12-1)
- WE 1478/12-1 Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, Germany, SCHN 1116/1-1; WE 1478/12-1)
- SCHN 1116/1-1 Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, Germany, SCHN 1116/1-1; WE 1478/12-1)
- WE 1478/12-1 Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, Germany, SCHN 1116/1-1; WE 1478/12-1)
- ES/S015191/1 Economic and Social Research Council (ESRC Grant ES/S015191/1, United Kingdom)
- ES/S015191/1 Economic and Social Research Council (ESRC Grant ES/S015191/1, United Kingdom)
- ES/S015191/1 Economic and Social Research Council (ESRC Grant ES/S015191/1, United Kingdom)
- ES/S015191/1 Economic and Social Research Council (ESRC Grant ES/S015191/1, United Kingdom)
- ES/S015191/1 Economic and Social Research Council (ESRC Grant ES/S015191/1, United Kingdom)
- ANR-18-ORAR-0001 Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR grant ANR-18-ORAR-0001, France)
- ANR-18-ORAR-0001 Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR grant ANR-18-ORAR-0001, France)
- 464.18.102 Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek (NWO, The Netherlands, grant number 464.18.102)
- 464.18.102 Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek (NWO, The Netherlands, grant number 464.18.102)
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS, Japan)
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Affiliation(s)
- Jane Waldfogel
- Columbia University, 1255 Amsterdam Avenue, New York, 10027-5927, NY, US.
| | | | - Yi Wang
- Columbia University, 1255 Amsterdam Avenue, New York, 10027-5927, NY, US
- Hunter College, City University of New York, NY, USA
| | | | | | - Melanie Olczyk
- Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Saxony-Anhalt, Germany
| | | | - Lidia Panico
- Centre de Recherche Sur Les Inégalités Sociales (CRIS), CNRS, Sciences Po, Paris, France
- Institut National d'études Démographiques (INED), 93300, Aubervilliers, France
| | - Anne Solaz
- Institut National d'études Démographiques (INED), 93300, Aubervilliers, France
| | | | - Anna Volodina
- University of Bamberg, Bamberg, Bavaria, Germany
- Institute for Educational Quality Improvement at the Humboldt-Universität Zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Renske Keizer
- Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
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Stritzel H, Crosnoe R. Unpacking the linkages between single parent households and early adolescent adjustment. SOCIAL SCIENCE RESEARCH 2023; 110:102841. [PMID: 36796997 PMCID: PMC9936081 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssresearch.2022.102841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Living with an unmarried mother is consistently associated with adjustment issues in adolescence, but these associations can vary by both time and place. Following life course theory, this study applied inverse probability of treatment weighting techniques to data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth (1979) Children and Young Adults study (n = 5,597) to estimate various treatment effects of family structures through childhood and early adolescence on internalizing and externalizing dimensions of adjustment at age 14. Young people who lived with an unmarried (single or cohabiting) mother during early childhood and adolescence were more likely to drink and reported more depressive symptoms by age 14 than those with a married mother, with particularly strong associations between living with an unmarried mother during early adolescence and drinking. These associations, however, varied according to sociodemographic selection into family structures. They were strongest for youth who more closely resembled the average adolescent living with a married mother.
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Stritzel H, Green M, Crosnoe R. A cross-national comparison of the linkages between family structure histories and early adolescent substance use. Soc Sci Med 2022; 315:115540. [PMID: 36410138 PMCID: PMC9878465 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2022.115540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Family structure can influence adolescent health with cascading implications into adulthood. Life course theory emphasizes how this phenomenon is dynamic across time, contextualized in policy systems, and grounded in processes of selection and socialization. This study used data from the U.S. (National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1979 Child and Young Adults, n = 6,236) and U.K. (Millennium Cohort Study, n = 11,095) to examine associations between a single mother family structure between ages 0-14 and early adolescent substance use at age 14 across time and place, using inverse probability of treatment weighting to explore how results varied by selection into family structure. In both countries, single parenthood, regardless of its timing during childhood, consistently predicted adolescent substance use when samples were re-weighted to resemble the overall population. However, when samples were re-weighted so that their background characteristics resembled those of actual single parent families, there was little evidence that single parenting posed risks, suggesting that single parenting might matter less for adolescents who are likely to experience it (and vice versa). In addition, more generous welfare policy in the U.K. than in the U.S. did not appear to have ameliorated the observed role of single parenting in adolescent substance use. Findings supported a model of disadvantage saturation, where single parenting has little additional impact over the myriad other disadvantages that single parent families tend to experience, rather than a model of cumulative disadvantage, where single parenting compounds or adds to other disadvantages. Policy and interventions might more valuably focus on these other disadvantages than on family structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haley Stritzel
- Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 123 West Franklin Street Suite 330, Chapel Hill, NC, USA 27516.
| | - Michael Green
- MRC/CSO Social and Public Health Sciences Unit, University of Glasgow, Berkeley Square, 99 Berkeley Street, Glasgow, G3 7HR, UK.
| | - Robert Crosnoe
- Population Research Center, University of Texas at Austin, 305 E. 23rd Street, Stop G1800 RLP 2.602, Austin, TX, USA 78712-1699.
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Gondim EC, Scorzafave LGDDS, dos Santos DD, Henrique NCP, Pereira FDM, de Mello DF. Matching between maternal knowledge about infant development and care for children under one year old. Rev Lat Am Enfermagem 2022; 30:e3675. [PMID: 36287398 PMCID: PMC9580992 DOI: 10.1590/1518-8345.5967.3675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE to analyze maternal knowledge about infant development and its matching to the care offered to children during their first year of life. METHOD a longitudinal and prospective study, in the stages of pregnancy and of the child's 12th/13th month of life. Interviews were applied to 121 women in a Brazilian city, based on 21 items selected from the Knowledge of Infant Development Inventory, related to the first year of life. Calculation of rates of correct answers was used, as well as regression by Ordinary Least Squares and White's standard error. RESULTS the participants who answered correctly more aspects have more years of study, are older and present high family incomes. When the "having a partner or not" variable was considered, the correct answers presented a discrete fluctuation. Regarding the themes, there were more correct answers to aspects about health, safety and infant development milestones. Primiparous mothers were more likely to wean, overprotect and have children using electronic devices, and less likely to seek information about child care. CONCLUSION there was matching between some maternal knowledge and execution of child care. The connection between them is relevant to indicate in detail the unknowns and uncertainties and to improve positive knowledge, contributing to promoting early childhood development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellen Cristina Gondim
- Universidade de São Paulo, Escola de Enfermagem de Ribeirão Preto, PAHO/WHO Collaborating Centre for Nursing Research Development, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Daniel Domingues dos Santos
- Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Economia, Administração e Contabilidade de Ribeirão Preto, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Nayara Cristina Pereira Henrique
- Universidade de São Paulo, Escola de Enfermagem de Ribeirão Preto, PAHO/WHO Collaborating Centre for Nursing Research Development, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Fabrícia de Magalhães Pereira
- Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Economia, Administração e Contabilidade de Ribeirão Preto, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Débora Falleiros de Mello
- Universidade de São Paulo, Escola de Enfermagem de Ribeirão Preto, PAHO/WHO Collaborating Centre for Nursing Research Development, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
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Kirby AV, Bilder DA, Wiggins LD, Hughes MM, Davis J, Hall‐Lande JA, Lee L, McMahon WM, Bakian AV. Sensory features in autism: Findings from a large population-based surveillance system. Autism Res 2022; 15:751-760. [PMID: 35040592 PMCID: PMC9067163 DOI: 10.1002/aur.2670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Sensory features (i.e., atypical responses to sensory stimuli) are included in the current diagnostic criteria for autism spectrum disorder. Yet, large population-based studies have not examined these features. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of sensory features among autistic children, and examine associations between sensory features, demographics, and co-occurring problems in other areas. Analysis for this study included a sample comprised of 25,627 four- or eight-year-old autistic children identified through the multistate Autism and Developmental Disabilities Monitoring Network (2006-2014). We calculated the prevalence of sensory features and applied multilevel logistic regression modeling. The majority (74%; 95% confidence interval: 73.5%-74.5%) of the children studied had documented sensory features. In a multivariable model, children who were male and those whose mothers had more years of education had higher odds of documented sensory features. Children from several racial and ethnic minority groups had lower odds of documented sensory features than White, non-Hispanic children. Cognitive problems were not significantly related to sensory features. Problems related to adaptive behavior, emotional states, aggression, attention, fear, motor development, eating, and sleeping were associated with higher odds of having documented sensory features. Results from a large, population-based sample indicate a high prevalence of sensory features in autistic children, as well as relationships between sensory features and co-occurring problems. This study also pointed to potential disparities in the identification of sensory features, which should be examined in future research. Disparities should also be considered clinically to avoid reduced access to supports for sensory features and related functional problems. LAY SUMMARY: In a large, population-based sample of 25,627 autistic children, 74% had documented differences in how they respond to sensation. We also identified significant associations of sensory features with adaptive behavior and problems in other domains. Sensory features were less common among girls, children of color, and children of mothers with fewer years of education, suggesting potential disparities in identification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne V. Kirby
- Department of Occupational and Recreational TherapiesUniversity of UtahSalt Lake CityUtahUSA
- Huntsman Mental Health Institute, Department of PsychiatryUniversity of UtahSalt Lake CityUtahUSA
| | - Deborah A. Bilder
- Huntsman Mental Health Institute, Department of PsychiatryUniversity of UtahSalt Lake CityUtahUSA
| | - Lisa D. Wiggins
- National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, Centers for Disease Control and PreventionAtlantaGeorgiaUSA
| | - Michelle M. Hughes
- National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, Centers for Disease Control and PreventionAtlantaGeorgiaUSA
| | - John Davis
- Department of Educational PsychologyUniversity of UtahSalt Lake CityUtahUSA
| | | | - Li‐Ching Lee
- Department of EpidemiologyJohns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - William M. McMahon
- Huntsman Mental Health Institute, Department of PsychiatryUniversity of UtahSalt Lake CityUtahUSA
| | - Amanda V. Bakian
- Huntsman Mental Health Institute, Department of PsychiatryUniversity of UtahSalt Lake CityUtahUSA
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Gondim EC, Scorzafave LGDDS, Santos DDD, Henrique NCP, Pereira FDM, Mello DFD. Correspondencia entre el conocimiento materno sobre el desarrollo infantil y el cuidado de los niños menores de un año. Rev Lat Am Enfermagem 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/1518-8345.5967.3674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Resumen Objetivo: analizar el conocimiento materno sobre el desarrollo infantil y su correspondencia con el cuidado que se le brinda al niño en el primer año de vida. Método: estudio longitudinal, prospectivo, en las etapas de gestación y de los 12/13 meses del niño. Se les realizaron entrevistas a 121 mujeres de un municipio brasileño, basadas en 21 ítems seleccionados del Inventario de Conocimiento sobre Desarrollo Infantil, relacionados con el primer año de vida. Se utilizó el cálculo de las tasas de aciertos, la regresión de Mínimos Cuadrados Ordinarios y el error estándar de White. Resultados: las participantes que tuvieron una mayor cantidad de aciertos tienen más escolaridad, más edad e ingreso familiar alto. Los aciertos vinculados a la variable “tener pareja o no” mostraron una ligera oscilación. En cuanto a los temas, se registraron más aciertos en los ítems sobre salud, seguridad e hitos del desarrollo infantil. Las madres primíparas presentaron mayor probabilidad de destete, sobreprotección y de que el niño estuviera en contacto con dispositivos electrónicos, y menor probabilidad de buscar información sobre el cuidado infantil. Conclusión: hubo correspondencia entre algunos conocimientos maternos y los cuidados que le brindaron al niño. La conexión entre ellos es importante para indicar detalladamente las incógnitas y las dudas y mejorar el conocimiento positivo, que contribuye a promover el desarrollo infantil temprano.
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Gondim EC, Scorzafave LGDDS, Santos DDD, Henrique NCP, Pereira FDM, Mello DFD. Correspondência entre conhecimentos maternos sobre desenvolvimento infantil e cuidados de crianças menores de um ano. Rev Lat Am Enfermagem 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/1518-8345.5967.3676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Resumo Objetivo: analisar os conhecimentos maternos sobre o desenvolvimento infantil e sua correspondência aos cuidados ofertados à criança no primeiro ano de vida. Método: estudo longitudinal, prospectivo, nas etapas da gestação e 12º/13º mês da criança. Foram aplicadas entrevistas a 121 mulheres de um município brasileiro, baseadas em 21 itens selecionados do Inventário de Conhecimento sobre o Desenvolvimento Infantil, relativos ao primeiro ano de vida. Utilizou-se o cálculo de taxas de acertos, regressão por Mínimos Quadrados Ordinários e erro padrão de White. Resultados: as participantes que acertaram mais aspectos possuem mais anos de estudo, mais idade e renda familiar elevada. Os acertos quando considerada a variável “ter ou não companheiro/a” apresentaram discreta oscilação. Quanto às temáticas, acertaram mais aspectos sobre saúde, segurança e marcos do desenvolvimento infantil. Mães primíparas apresentaram maior probabilidade de desmame, superproteção e da criança ter contato com aparelhos eletrônicos, e menor probabilidade de buscar informações sobre cuidados infantis. Conclusão: houve correspondência entre alguns conhecimentos maternos e a execução dos cuidados da criança. A conexão entre eles é relevante para indicar detalhadamente os desconhecimentos e as incertezas e aprimorar os saberes positivos, contribuindo para promover o desenvolvimento na primeira infância.
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