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Shioda T, Weiss RS, Bagrodia A, Frazier AL. Comment on "Comment on 'A Nested Case-Control Study of Serum Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances and Testicular Germ Cell Tumors among U.S. Air Force Servicemen'". ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2023; 131:128001. [PMID: 38099920 PMCID: PMC10723136 DOI: 10.1289/ehp14247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Toshihiro Shioda
- Malignant Germ Cell International Consortium (MaGIC), Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Massachusetts General Hospital Krantz Family Center for Cancer Research, Charlestown, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Robert S. Weiss
- Malignant Germ Cell International Consortium (MaGIC), Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
| | - Aditya Bagrodia
- Malignant Germ Cell International Consortium (MaGIC), Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Urology, University of California San Diego Health, San Diego, California, USA
| | - A. Lindsay Frazier
- Malignant Germ Cell International Consortium (MaGIC), Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Dana-Farber/Boston Children’s Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Weber K. Differences in Types and Incidence of Neoplasms in Wistar Han and Sprague-Dawley Rats. Toxicol Pathol 2017; 45:64-75. [PMID: 28068893 DOI: 10.1177/0192623316672075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A substantial quantity of data on Sprague-Dawley (SD) and Hannover Wistar rats strains have been published concerning their source, diet, and housing conditions, as well as the incidences of nonneoplastic lesions and neoplasms observed in different laboratories. Differences between the commonly used rat strains provided by different breeders (i.e., CD (SD) vs. Harlan Sprague-Dawley strain or Crl: WI(Han) vs. Wistar Hannover (Han)-derived strain, continued breeding by RCC Ltd., Switzerland, thereafter continued breeding by Harlan) may include, but are not limited to, body weight, incidence, and onset of major nonneoplastic lesions and neoplasms, and these can impact the development of a nonclinical safety program. Fisher 344 (F344) and SD rat strains generally have the highest tumor incidences, exceeding that in Wistar rats. Certain tumors are more commonly observed in one strain, and for some, the difference in incidence may be so significant that the tumor may even be considered characteristic for a specific strain (e.g., thymoma in Wistar and amphophilic renal adenoma in SD).
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Petroff BK, Valdez KE, Brown SB, Piasecka J, Albertini DF. The aryl hydrocarbon receptor agonist 2,3,7,8-tetrachloro-dibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) alters early embryonic development in a rat IVF exposure model. Reprod Toxicol 2011; 32:286-92. [PMID: 21835239 PMCID: PMC3205263 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2011.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2010] [Revised: 05/31/2011] [Accepted: 07/25/2011] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) ligands, including 2,3,7,8-tetrachloro-dibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD), accelerate reproductive senescence and one proposed target is the early embryo. To discriminate between direct effects on the oocyte and early embryo and those mediated by complex ovarian interactions with TCDD, IVF was carried out in the presence of TCDD (10, 100 nM) and the aryl hydrocarbon antagonist CH-223191 (1 μM) combined factorially. TCDD-induced Cyp1a1 mRNA expression was absent in 2-cell embryos; however morulae exhibit dose-dependent Cyp1a1 expression. TCDD induced accumulation of sperm in the perivitelline space and displacement of blastomere nuclei. At 100 nM TCDD, aberrations in cytokinesis and nuclear positioning were observed 2-cell embryos and morula and these effects were reversed in the presence of CH-223191. Our data suggest that acute exposure to TCDD has direct effects on early development in the rat that permit discrimination of AHR-mediated and AHR-independent mechanisms through which environmental toxicants impair mammalian reproduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian K Petroff
- Center for Reproductive Sciences, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA.
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Weber K, Razinger T, Hardisty JF, Mann P, Martel KC, Frische EA, Blumbach K, Hillen S, Song S, Anzai T, Chevalier HJ. Differences in Rat Models Used in Routine Toxicity Studies. Int J Toxicol 2011; 30:162-73. [DOI: 10.1177/1091581810391818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The discussion on whether the Sprague Dawley (SD), the Fischer F344, or the Hannover Wistar rat is the most appropriate model for toxicity studies in rodents is ongoing. A substantial quantity of data on these strains concerning their source, diet, and housing conditions have been published. Generally, before starting a toxicology program in rodents, it should be taken into account that oncogenicity studies will be required for the majority of compounds successfully completing development. Survival, body weight development, incidence, type, time of onset of age-dependent lesions and neoplasms, as well as some special considerations of the rat model selected may be decisive. Therefore, an understanding of the historical background data is essential. These aspects demonstrate why the use of a specific rat model should be carefully considered at the beginning of the toxicology program.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klaus Weber
- AnaPath GmbH, Buchsweg 56, 4625 Oberbuchsiten, Switzerland
| | - Tanja Razinger
- Harlan Laboratories Ltd, Zelgliweg 1, 4452 Itingen, Switzerland
| | - Jerry F. Hardisty
- EPL Experimental Pathology Laboratories Inc., Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Peter Mann
- EPL Experimental Pathology Laboratories Inc., Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Kellie C. Martel
- Harlan Laboratories Ltd, 8520 Allison Pointe Blvd, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Emily A. Frische
- Harlan Laboratories Ltd, 8520 Allison Pointe Blvd, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Kai Blumbach
- Harlan Laboratories Ltd, Zelgliweg 1, 4452 Itingen, Switzerland
| | - Stephen Hillen
- Harlan Laboratories Ltd, Harlan Laboratories France Ltd, Avenue des Portes Occitanes, 03800 Gannat, France
| | - SeungWoo Song
- Harlan Korea Co. Ltd, 30th floor, ASEM tower, 159-1, Samsung-dong, Kangnam-ku, Seoul, 135-798, South Korea
| | - Takayuki Anzai
- Showa University School of Medicine, 1-5-8, Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, Japan
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Nolte T, Rittinghausen S, Kellner R, Karbe E, Kittel B, Rinke M, Deschl U. RITA--Registry of Industrial Toxicology Animal data: the application of historical control data for Leydig cell tumors in rats. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010; 63:645-56. [PMID: 20541379 DOI: 10.1016/j.etp.2010.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2010] [Revised: 05/09/2010] [Accepted: 05/11/2010] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Historical data for Leydig cell tumors from untreated or vehicle treated rats from carcinogenicity studies collected in the RITA database are presented. Examples are given for analyses of these data for dependency on variables considered to be of possible influence on the spontaneous incidence of Leydig cell tumors. In the 7453 male rats available for analysis, only one case of a Leydig cell carcinoma was identified. The incidence of Leydig cell adenomas differed markedly between strains. High incidences of close to 100% have been found in F344 rats, while the mean incidence was 4.2% in Sprague-Dawley rats and 13.7% in Wistar rats. Incidences in Wistar rats were highly variable, primarily caused by different sources of animals. Mean incidences per breeder varied from 2.8 to 39.9%. Analyses for the dependency on further parameters have been performed in Wistar rats. In breeders G and I, the Leydig cell tumor incidence decreased over the observation period and with increasing mean terminal body weight. The incidence of Leydig cell tumors increased with mean age at necropsy and was higher in studies with dietary admixture compared to gavage studies. These parameters had no effect on Leydig cell tumor incidence in breeders A and B. Animals from almost all breeders had a considerably higher mean age at necropsy when bearing a Leydig cell adenoma than animals without a Leydig cell adenoma. Studies with longitudinal trimming of the testes had a higher incidence than studies with transverse trimming. The observed dependencies and breeder differences are discussed and explanations are given. Consequences for the use of historical control data are outlined. With the retrospective analyses presented here we were able to confirm the published features of Leydig cell adenomas and carcinomas. This indicates that the RITA database is a valuable tool for analyses of tumors for their biological features. Furthermore, it demonstrates that the RITA database is highly beneficial for the definition of reliable historical control data for carcinogenicity studies on a scientifically solid basis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Nolte
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Nonclinical Drug Safety Germany, Birkendorfer Strasse 65, D-88397 Biberach/Riss, Germany.
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Jiang JY, Tsang BK. Optimal Conditions for Successful In Vitro Fertilization and Subsequent Embryonic Development in Sprague-Dawley Rats1. Biol Reprod 2004; 71:1974-9. [PMID: 15317689 DOI: 10.1095/biolreprod.104.032839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study was conducted to determine the optimal conditions for successful in vitro fertilization (IVF) in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. The IVF of oocytes from SD and Wistar rats was compared in different fertilization media (mR1ECM, IVF-20, and modified Krebs-Ringer bicarbonate solution [mKRB]), and IVF conditions were then optimized for oocytes of the SD strain. Results showed that in mR1ECM medium, fertilization rates were markedly lower in SD rats (15%) than in the Wistar strain (73%), although this response was significantly improved by increasing the NaCl concentration. In addition, fertilization rates in SD rats were higher in modified IVF-20 (73%) than in IVF-20 (18%) and mKRB (53%). In contrast, fertilization rates in Wistar rats were higher in IVF-20 and modified IVF-20 than in mKRB (78%, 74%, and 36%, respectively). Further investigation concerning the effects of the NaCl supplementation (10- 40 mM) in IVF-20 on the fertilization of oocytes in the SD strain indicated that significantly higher percentages of oocytes were fertilized in IVF-20 supplemented with 30 mM NaCl (66%) and developed to the blastocyst stage (47%) in vitro. After transfer, embryos derived from this IVF system developed to term at a percentage comparable to that of in vivo-fertilized controls. In conclusion, differences exist in optimal IVF conditions between rat strains, and a modified culture medium has been successfully developed for assessment of the developmental competence of oocytes in SD rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Yi Jiang
- Reproductive Biology Unit and Division of Reproductive Medicine, Departments of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Cellular & Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1Y 4E9
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