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Smith SVM, Darroch FE, Giles AR, Wykes D. Fatherhood and Elite Athletics: Sacrifice, Selfishness, and Gaining "Dad Strength". THE JOURNAL OF MEN'S STUDIES 2024; 32:152-177. [PMID: 38269335 PMCID: PMC10803200 DOI: 10.1177/10608265231204564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
This study contributes to a growing body of scholarly discussions around the many aspects and challenges of combining parenthood with elite-level sport, with a particular focus on the experiences of male elite athletes who are fathers. We used a caring masculinities theoretical framework, community-based participatory research, and semi-structured interviews to explore the experiences of 10 elite/international and world-class athletes (n = 9 fathers, n = 1 expectant father). Through reflexive thematic analysis, we identified three main themes: fatherhood can (1) improve and (2) impede elite athlete-fathers' athletic performance; and (3) athlete-fathers experience a trade-off between athletic performance and fatherhood responsibilities. Our findings underscore the ways in which male athletes' experiences with parenthood reflect the new era of involved fatherhood and are analogous to some of the identity tensions that have been reported with regard to the experiences of elite female athletes who are pregnant and/or mothers. Recognizing the impact of children on male athletes' athletic careers and the parallels between fatherhood, motherhood, and elite sport may lead to better support for athlete-fathers while also contributing to diminishing the expectation that women are primary caregivers to children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sydney V. M. Smith
- School of Human Kinetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Francine E. Darroch
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Audrey R. Giles
- School of Human Kinetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Dylan Wykes
- Mile2Marathon Coaching Inc., Ottawa, ON, Canada
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Škvařil V, Presslerová P. Becoming a father: a qualitative study on the journey to fatherhood. HEALTH PSYCHOLOGY REPORT 2024; 12:97-111. [PMID: 38628277 PMCID: PMC11016947 DOI: 10.5114/hpr/176082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The transition to fatherhood represents one of the most significant changes in a man's life and brings many challenges. Despite the great importance of this period, empirical data on it are not abundant, with only a small amount of psychological research on fatherhood available in the Czech Republic; this topic is also rather marginalized abroad. This qualitative study aims to explore men's unique experiences with the process of becoming a father and to understand how paternal identity is shaped. PARTICIPANTS AND PROCEDURE Four men who had recently become fathers participated in the research. A semi-structured interview was conducted with each of them. RESULTS Using the interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA) approach, an in-depth analysis of the data identified five significant categories that emerge during the transition to fatherhood: responsibility and commitment to the child, father identity formation, fatherhood and motherhood, changes in the partner relationship and coping with the father role. CONCLUSIONS The research suggests that the process of becoming a father is a long-term dynamic process, in which father identity is shaped and consolidated through a variety of situations and experiences. Within this process, paternal identity is also shaped through repeated comparisons and definitions of the role of the mother. Process of becoming a father involves developmental, identity, personality, partnership and family aspects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Václav Škvařil
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Education, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Pavla Presslerová
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Education, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
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DEMİRCİ Ö, INAN E. Postpartum Paternal Depression: Its Impact on Family and Child Development. PSIKIYATRIDE GUNCEL YAKLASIMLAR - CURRENT APPROACHES IN PSYCHIATRY 2023. [DOI: 10.18863/pgy.1153712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/28/2023]
Abstract
The postpartum period is when parents undergo great changes and gain new responsibilities. Factors such as the changes that come with having a baby, not meeting the expectations about parenthood, having a child with a difficult temperament or health problems, or relational problems can be quite challenging in this period. These problems can deeply affect the psychological well-being of the parents. Although studies on depressive symptoms of mothers during pregnancy and postpartum are at an important level, studies aiming to examine the psychological state of fathers for the same period are still limited. However, perceptions that postpartum depression develops due to hormonal changes during pregnancy have been reshaped by the findings that this situation may also develop due to psychosocial factors. Relatedly, the number of studies on postpartum depression experienced by fathers has increased over time. Results of those studies show that fathers' psychological state also influences their parenting and the development of children. Fathers may experience paternal depression due to a lack of social support, economic conditions, relationship dynamics, and changing living conditions in the postpartum period. This situation may cause fathers to avoid parenting duties, spend less time with their children, be unable to cooperate with the mother, and have anger problems or deterioration in the relationship with the mother. The effects of depression on individuals' parenting styles negatively affect child-parent attachment and may cause children to develop emotional and behavioral problems. Therefore, it is very important to examine fathers' psychological state for children's development and the healthy progress of family dynamics. This review aims to address the effect of paternal depression on parenting and child development.
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Lee JW, Lee S. Perceptions of fatherhood and confidence regarding neonatal care among fathers of high-risk neonates in South Korea: a descriptive study. CHILD HEALTH NURSING RESEARCH 2023; 29:229-236. [PMID: 37554090 PMCID: PMC10415839 DOI: 10.4094/chnr.2023.29.3.229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to investigate perceptions of fatherhood among fathers of high-risk neonates and their confidence regarding neonatal care. METHODS A study was conducted of 100 fathers whose neonates had been admitted to a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) for at least 48 hours. Perceptions of fatherhood, neonatal characteristics, and fathers' confidence regarding neonatal care were measured using a self-reported questionnaire. The survey took approximately 10 minutes to complete and was completed anonymously. The factors that affected fathers' confidence regarding neonatal care were analyzed using multiple regression. RESULTS The scores for positive and negative perceptions of fatherhood were relatively high at 4.27 and 3.42 out of 5 points, respectively. A positive perception of fatherhood was found to influence fathers' confidence regarding neonatal care. CONCLUSION NICU nurses should encourage fathers to effectively perform their parenting roles by implementing educational programs and interventions to promote positive perceptions of fatherhood and fathers' confidence regarding neonatal care after discharge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Won Lee
- Registered Nurse, Nursing Innovation Unit, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sunhee Lee
- Professor, College of Nursing, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
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Stefana A, Biban P, Padovani EM, Lavelli M. Fathers' experiences of supporting their partners during their preterm infant's stay in the neonatal intensive care unit: a multi-method study. J Perinatol 2022; 42:714-722. [PMID: 34471215 PMCID: PMC8409081 DOI: 10.1038/s41372-021-01195-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Revised: 08/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore how the fathers experience their role as a support for their partner and the relationship with them during their preterm infant's stay in the NICU. STUDY DESIGN Multi-method longitudinal study involving ethnographic observation, semi-structured interviews, self-report questionnaires, and clinical information. Twenty fathers of preterm infants hospitalized in a level-III-NICU were included. Data were analyzed using thematic continent analysis. RESULTS Three main themes were identified: support for mother (subthemes: putting mother's and infant's needs first; hiding worries and negative emotions; counteracting the sense of guilt; fear that the mother would reject the child), mother's care for the infant (subthemes: observing mother engaged in caregiving; mother has "something extra"), and couple relationship (subthemes: collaboration; bond). CONCLUSION Fathers supporting their partners during the stay in the NICU experience emotional distress and the need for being supported that often are hidden. This demands a great deal of emotional and physical energy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Paolo Biban
- grid.411475.20000 0004 1756 948XNeonatal and Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Ezio Maria Padovani
- grid.411475.20000 0004 1756 948XNeonatal and Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Manuela Lavelli
- grid.5611.30000 0004 1763 1124Department of Human Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
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Alves S, Fonseca A, Canavarro MC, Pereira M. Does Dyadic Coping Predict Couples' Postpartum Psychosocial Adjustment? A Dyadic Longitudinal Study. Front Psychol 2020; 11:561091. [PMID: 33101131 PMCID: PMC7545233 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.561091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The way couples jointly manage pregnancy-related demands may prevent both members from experiencing psychosocial maladjustment after childbirth. This study examined (a) changes in dyadic coping (DC) and indicators of psychosocial adjustment [depressive and anxiety symptoms and quality of life (QoL)] from the second trimester of pregnancy (T1) to 6 weeks postpartum (T2), (b) the actor and partner effects of DC at T1 on couples' adjustment at T2, and (c) whether changes in DC over time would be associated with changes in the adjustment of both women and their partners. This study adopted a prospective quantitative dyadic longitudinal design. A total of 303 couples from Portugal answered self-report questionnaires assessing DC, depressive and anxiety symptoms, and QoL at T1, of which 290 were contacted at T2 to complete the same measures (n = 138 couples returned the questionnaires). Results showed that first-time fathers' QoL and both first and experienced fathers' stress communication decreased over time, as did common DC (i.e., the way couples cope together with stress) perceived by both partners. First-time mothers reported higher increases in negative DC. The more positive DC the women provided to men at T1, the higher the internalizing symptoms of women at T2; the more the women communicated stress at T1, the higher the internalizing symptoms of men at T2. Both partners' common DC at T1 positively predicted their QoL at T2. The larger the decrease in common DC over time, the greater the increase in internalizing symptoms of couples and the greater the decrease in their QoL. These findings suggest that DC strategies should be considered into the psychosocial care of couples becoming parents, as a relevant coping resource that partners could use to help each other in situations of stress. More than (exclusively) encouraging the men's role as support providers, couples should be encouraged to reserve time for one another, to discuss each other's concerns, and to seek for solutions as a team. These strategies should be promoted before, and fostered after, childbirth. Likewise, clinicians should be aware that partners might not feel equally comfortable with specific DC strategies and then should be carefully addressed among couples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Alves
- Center for Research in Neuropsychology and Cognitive and Behavioral Intervention (CINEICC), Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | | | | | - Marco Pereira
- Center for Research in Neuropsychology and Cognitive and Behavioral Intervention (CINEICC), Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
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Kodriati N, Hayati EN, Santosa A, Pursell L. Fatherhood and Smoking Problems in Indonesia: Exploration of Potential Protective Factors for Men Aged 18-49 Years from the United Nations Multi-Country Study on Men and Violence. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17196965. [PMID: 32977630 PMCID: PMC7579021 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17196965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Revised: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Background: Despite the sustained high prevalence of smoking among Indonesian adult men, little is known about possible protective factors in this group. This study examined the relationship between key characteristics of masculinity (e.g., fatherhood status, being the main breadwinner or sole provider for the family) and current smoking behaviours (smoking status and cigarettes smoked per day (CPD)) among Indonesian men aged 18–49 years. Methods: In total, 2540 Indonesian men aged 18–49 participated in the United Nations Multi-Country Study on Men and Violence, 2012. Fatherhood status was categorised into three groups: nonfathers, new fathers and more experienced fathers. The association between fatherhood status and current smoking, as well as fatherhood status and cigarettes smoked per day (CPD), was estimated by employing logistic and zero-inflated negative binomial regressions, respectively. Results: Socioeconomic factors were associated with smoking behaviour among Indonesian adult men. The odds of smoking among new fathers and more experienced fathers were 2.3 (95% CI: 1.09–4.79) and 1.5 times (95% CI: 1.08–2.17) higher compared with nonfathers, respectively. Men who had a shared income with their partner or received income from their parents smoked 13% (95% CI 0.79–0.95) and 11% fewer CPD (95% CI 0.79–0.99) compared with men who were the main breadwinner, respectively. Conclusions: In this study, fatherhood represents an aspect of traditionally masculine roles, offering a new perspective for looking at smoking problems in Indonesia. Other key aspects of traditional masculinity characteristics, the breadwinner role, occupation and sources of family income had significant associations with smoking status and CPD. Men smoked fewer CPD as fathers and when sharing the financial responsibility for their family equally with their spouse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nurul Kodriati
- School of Health Sciences, National University of Ireland, H91 TK33 Galway, Ireland; (N.K.); (L.P.)
| | - Elli Nur Hayati
- Faculty of Psychology, Post Graduate Program, University of Ahmad Dahlan, Yogyakarta 55166, Indonesia;
| | - Ailiana Santosa
- Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Gothenburg University, 405 30 Goteborg, Sweden
- Correspondence:
| | - Lisa Pursell
- School of Health Sciences, National University of Ireland, H91 TK33 Galway, Ireland; (N.K.); (L.P.)
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Ngai F, Lam W. The experience of first‐time Hong Kong Chinese fatherhood: A qualitative exploratory study. Nurs Health Sci 2020; 22:723-731. [DOI: 10.1111/nhs.12719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Revised: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fei‐Wan Ngai
- School of Nursing The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Kowloon Hong Kong
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Is unintended birth associated with physical intimate partner violence? Evidence from India. J Biosoc Sci 2020; 52:907-922. [PMID: 31902374 DOI: 10.1017/s0021932019000865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
A growing number of studies have tested the association between intimate partner violence (IPV) and the unintendedness of pregnancy or birth, and most have suggested that unintendedness of pregnancy is a cause of IPV. However, about nine in every ten women face violence after delivering their first baby. This study examined the effects of the intendedness of births on physical IPV using data from the National Family Health Survey (2015-16). The multivariate logistic regression model analysis found that, compared with women with no unwanted births (2.9%), physical IPV was higher among those women who had unwanted births (6.9%, p<0.001), followed by those who had mistimed births (4.4 %, p<0.001), even after adjusting for several women's individual and socioeconomic characteristics. Thus, the reduction of women with mistimed and unwanted births could reduce physical IPV in India. The study highlights the unfinished agenda of family planning in the country and argues for the need to integrate family planning and Reproductive, Maternal and Child Health Care (RMNCH) services to yield multi-sectoral outcomes, including the elimination of IPV.
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Schmidt B, Schoppe-Sullivan SJ, Frizzo GB, Piccinini CA. A Qualitative Multiple Case Study of the Division of Labor across the Transition to Parenthood in South-Brazilian Families. SEX ROLES 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s11199-018-0999-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Alves S, Fonseca A, Canavarro MC, Pereira M. Intra‐couple similarity in dyadic coping and partners’ adjustment to the birth of a child. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ejsp.2597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Alves
- Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences University of Coimbra Coimbra Portugal
| | - Ana Fonseca
- Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences University of Coimbra Coimbra Portugal
| | | | - Marco Pereira
- Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences University of Coimbra Coimbra Portugal
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Paternal involvement of Singaporean fathers within six months postpartum: A follow-up qualitative study. Midwifery 2019; 70:7-14. [DOI: 10.1016/j.midw.2018.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2018] [Revised: 11/23/2018] [Accepted: 12/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Shorey S, Ang L. Experiences, needs, and perceptions of paternal involvement during the first year after their infants' birth: A meta-synthesis. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0210388. [PMID: 30615672 PMCID: PMC6322761 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0210388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2018] [Accepted: 12/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Fatherhood has evolved in recent decades from ‘a moral teacher’ to ‘an involved father’. However, fatherhood experiences have not been examined in detail. This meta-synthesis aimed to examine fathers’ experiences, needs, and perceptions of their involvement with their infants during the first 12 months of birth. Method Six electronic databases were systematically searched: PubMed, CINAHL, Embase, Scopus, PsycINFO, ProQuest (grey literature). The search resulted in 13 studies that met the inclusion criteria. Quality appraisal was conducted using the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme Checklist. All 13 studies met the appraisal criteria and were included in the meta-synthesis. The findings of the 13 studies were synthesized using the steps of Sandelowski and Barroso in conducting meta-synthesis. Results The 13 included studies comprised studies conducted in the West, Africa, and Asia. Fatherhood experiences differed according to different sociocultural contexts. Three themes were identified: (1) trajectory of the father-infant relationship, (2) reinforcements and hindrances to involvement, and (3) change from self-oriented to family-oriented behavior. Changes in a father’s relationship with his infant were influenced by relationships with his spouse and family members after the birth of the infant. Reinforcements, hindrances, and needs to fathers’ involvement were identified. Fathering responsibility and parenting satisfaction that developed overtime influenced a father’s behavior, changing from self-oriented to family-oriented. Significance This is the first meta-synthesis that examined fathers’ experiences, needs, and perceptions of their involvement with their infants during the first 12 months of birth. Multiple factors were found to influence the socially-defined fathering ideology. Cultural practices of fatherhood and fathers’ own perceptions shaped their actual fathering behaviors. The findings of this study may guide healthcare professionals as frontline personnel to understand fathers’ needs and experiences in order to promote fathers’ involvement in the early days after their infants’ birth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shefaly Shorey
- Alice Lee Centre for Nursing Studies, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
- * E-mail:
| | - Lina Ang
- Alice Lee Centre for Nursing Studies, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
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Lived experiences of Asian fathers during the early postpartum period: Insights from qualitative inquiry. Midwifery 2018; 60:30-35. [DOI: 10.1016/j.midw.2018.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2017] [Revised: 01/04/2018] [Accepted: 02/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Kamalifard M, Bayati Payan S, Panahi S, Hasanpoor S, Babapour Kheiroddin J. Paternal Postpartum Depression and Its Relationship With Maternal Postpartum Depression. JOURNAL OF HOLISTIC NURSING AND MIDWIFERY 2018. [DOI: 10.29252/hnmj.28.2.115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
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Yeh YC, St John W, Chuang YH, Huang YP. The care needs of postpartum women taking their first time of doing the month: a qualitative study. Contemp Nurse 2017; 53:576-588. [PMID: 28992751 DOI: 10.1080/10376178.2017.1389615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In contemporary Taiwan, after giving birth, many women undertake a traditional postpartum practice called 'doing the month', which occurs in the medical context of postpartum nursing centres instead of at home. Thus, healthcare workers must identify and address the care needs of new mothers in this setting to improve the care of new mothers and their baby and family. AIM To explore new mothers' care needs from their own perspectives during the period of doing the month. METHODS A qualitative study was performed. Eligible participants recruited through purposive sampling were interviewed comprehensively. RESULTS Twenty-seven primiparous women participated (mean age: 32 years; mean marriage length: 3.4 years). Four themes were identified: the need to increase energy to gain more yang force, the need to internalise mothering, the need to be supported by the family and friends, and the need to be understood. CONCLUSIONS For effective care, sufficient support and guidance must be provided to first-time mothers and their families, especially when mother-baby rooming-in is the standard of care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueh-Chen Yeh
- a Department of Nursing , College of Health, National Taichung University of Science and Technology , 193 San-Min Road, Sec. 1, Taichung City 40343 , Taiwan (ROC)
| | - Winsome St John
- b School of Nursing and Midwifery , Griffith University , Queensland 4222 , Australia
| | - Yeu-Hui Chuang
- c School of Nursing, College of Nursing , Taipei Medial University , 250, Wu-Xing St., Taipei , 110 , Taiwan (ROC)
| | - Yu-Ping Huang
- d School of Nursing , National Quemoy University , No.1, Dasyue Rd., Jinning Township , Kinmen County 89250 , Taiwan (ROC)
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Mahmoodi H, Golboni F, Nadrian H, Zareipour M, Shirzadi S, Gheshlagh RG. Mother-Father Differences in Postnatal Psychological Distress and Its Determinants in Iran. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2017; 5:91-96. [PMID: 28293324 PMCID: PMC5320915 DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2017.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2016] [Revised: 12/25/2016] [Accepted: 12/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM: The aim of this study was to investigate the mother-father differences in Postnatal Psychological Distress (PPD) and its determinants among the parents with 8-weeks old children. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, applying simple random sampling, 306 postnatal parents with an 8-weeks old infant in Saqqez County, Iran, were invited to answer the General Health Questionnaire-28 (GHQ-28) items through the telephone interview. Fifty-eight subjects declined to participate in the study (Response Rate = 81.04%). The data were analysed using the SPSS Statistics v. 21. RESULTS: About 16.9% of all the parents had PPD. The difference in the prevalence of PPD in three dimensions between the two groups were statistically significant (p < 0.01): social dysfunction (25.8% for fathers vs. 5.6% for mothers), somatic disorders (21% for fathers vs. 7.3% for mothers), and anxiety (21% for fathers vs. 6.5% for mothers). The mode of delivery of the mothers and the level of education, the number of children, monthly income, and being consent with pregnancy among the fathers were significant predictors for PPD. CONCLUSION: The level of PPD was more prevalent among the new fathers compared to the new mothers. Among the fathers, but not the mothers, socioeconomic characteristics were contributed to PPD. Considering the differences in risk factors for maternal and paternal PPD, our findings may help family health care providers and policymakers in designing gender-specific intervention programs and diagnosis tools aimed at PPD prevention among new parents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Mahmoodi
- Department of Health Education and Promotion, Faculty of Health, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Farzaneh Golboni
- Department of Midwifery, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Haidar Nadrian
- Department of Health Education and Promotion, Faculty of Health, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Moradali Zareipour
- Department of Health Education, School of Public Health, Yazd University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Shayesteh Shirzadi
- Department of Health Education and Promotion, Faculty of Health, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Reza Ghanei Gheshlagh
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
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Villamor NJE, de Guzman AB, Matienzo ET. The Ebb and Flow of Filipino First-Time Fatherhood Transition Space. Am J Mens Health 2016; 10:NP51-NP62. [DOI: 10.1177/1557988315604019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Fatherhood, as a developmental process, is both a human experience and a text that needs to be read. For developing nations like the Philippines, little is known about the process undergone by first-time fathers on their transition to fatherhood, and how nurses can play a significant role in assisting them. This grounded theory study purported to conceptualize the multifaceted process of transition from the lens of Filipino first-time fathers’ lived experiences. A total of 20 first-time fathers from Metro Manila, Philippines, were purposively selected to take part in an individual, semistructured, and in-depth interview. The Glaserian (classical) method of analysis was specifically used, and field texts were inductively analyzed using a repertory grid. Member checking and correspondence were done to validate the findings of the study. Six surfacing stages emerged relative to the process of transition. Interestingly, The B.R.I.D.G.E. Theory of First-Time Fatherhood Transition Space describes how these fathers progress from the beholding, reorganizing, inhibiting, delivering, grasping, and embracing phases toward successful transition. This emerged theoretical model can be used in framing health care programs where the needs of fathers during this period are met and addressed. Finally, it can also be used in guiding nurses in their provision of a more empathetic care for first-time fathers.
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Abstract
Swedish fathers are largely involved in their infant’s care, and Sweden has a generous parental leave, with 2 months especially assigned for fathers. The prevalence of depressive symptoms postpartum for fathers appears to be similar as for mothers in Sweden. This study aimed to describe fathers’ experiences of the first year postpartum, when they showed depressive symptoms 3 to 6 months postpartum. Semistructured interviews with 19 fathers were conducted and analyzed with content analysis. The fathers experienced loss of control and powerlessness due to discrepancies between their expectations and the reality they met after birth. They found the everyday-life turbulent, with much stress and worries for the infant, conflicts between family and work, and lack of support in everyday life. In addition, the fathers struggled with impaired partner-relationship, losses, and contradictory messages from both the society and their partners. These findings indicate that the fathers had difficulties to balance the competing demands of family, work, and their own needs. Thus, it is important to identify fathers with depressive symptoms at the Child Health Care Centers and attend to fathers’ needs of support and acknowledge them as parents equal to mothers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Fia Simon
- Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lene Lindberg
- Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Stockholm County Council, Stockholm, Sweden
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Yeh YC, St John W, Venturato L. Inside a Postpartum Nursing Center: Tradition and Change. Asian Nurs Res (Korean Soc Nurs Sci) 2016; 10:94-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anr.2016.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2015] [Revised: 09/02/2015] [Accepted: 01/06/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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Cohen-Bendahan CC, Beijers R, van Doornen LJ, de Weerth C. Explicit and implicit caregiving interests in expectant fathers: Do endogenous and exogenous oxytocin and vasopressin matter? Infant Behav Dev 2015; 41:26-37. [DOI: 10.1016/j.infbeh.2015.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2014] [Revised: 03/06/2015] [Accepted: 06/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Gervais C, de Montigny F, Lacharité C, Dubeau D. The Father Friendly Initiative within Families: Using a logic model to develop program theory for a father support program. EVALUATION AND PROGRAM PLANNING 2015; 52:133-141. [PMID: 26036612 DOI: 10.1016/j.evalprogplan.2015.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2014] [Revised: 03/04/2015] [Accepted: 04/23/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The transition to fatherhood, with its numerous challenges, has been well documented. Likewise, fathers' relationships with health and social services have also begun to be explored. Yet despite the problems fathers experience in interactions with healthcare services, few programs have been developed for them. To explain this, some authors point to the difficulty practitioners encounter in developing and structuring the theory of programs they are trying to create to promote and support father involvement (Savaya, R., & Waysman, M. (2005). Administration in Social Work, 29(2), 85), even when such theory is key to a program's effectiveness (Chen, H.-T. (2005). Practical program evaluation. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications). The objective of the present paper is to present a tool, the logic model, to bridge this gap and to equip practitioners for structuring program theory. This paper addresses two questions: (1) What would be a useful instrument for structuring the development of program theory in interventions for fathers? (2) How would the concepts of a father involvement program best be organized? The case of the Father Friendly Initiative within Families (FFIF) program is used to present and illustrate six simple steps for developing a logic model that are based on program theory and demonstrate its relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Gervais
- Center of Research and Studies in Family Intervention Coordinator, Fathers-in-Families Friendly Initiative (FFFI), Université du Québec in Outaouais, St-Jérôme, Gatineau, QC, Canada.
| | - Francine de Montigny
- Psychosocial Family Health, Center of Research and Studies in Family Intervention, Université du Québec in Outaouais, Gatineau, QC, Canada
| | - Carl Lacharité
- Center of Interdisciplinary Studies and Research on Child and Family Development, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, QC, Canada
| | - Diane Dubeau
- Université du Québec in Outaouais, Gatineau, QC, Canada
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Sansiriphun N, Kantaruksa K, Klunklin A, Baosuang C, Liamtrirat S. The journey into fatherhood: A grounded theory study. Nurs Health Sci 2015; 17:460-6. [DOI: 10.1111/nhs.12216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2014] [Revised: 02/11/2015] [Accepted: 02/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nantaporn Sansiriphun
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Nursing; Faculty of Nursing; Chiang Mai University; Chiang Mai Thailand
| | - Kannika Kantaruksa
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Nursing; Faculty of Nursing; Chiang Mai University; Chiang Mai Thailand
| | - Areewan Klunklin
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Nursing; Faculty of Nursing; Chiang Mai University; Chiang Mai Thailand
| | - Chavee Baosuang
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Nursing; Faculty of Nursing; Chiang Mai University; Chiang Mai Thailand
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Capponi I. L’anxiété paternelle et maternelle postnatale et ses liens avec les dimensions relationnelles. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neurenf.2014.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Swain J, Dayton C, Kim P, Tolman R, Volling B. PROGRESS ON THE PATERNAL BRAIN: THEORY, ANIMAL MODELS, HUMAN BRAIN RESEARCH, AND MENTAL HEALTH IMPLICATIONS. Infant Ment Health J 2014; 35:394-408. [PMID: 25798491 DOI: 10.1002/imhj.21471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
With a secure foundation in basic research across mammalian species in which fathers participate in the raising of young, novel brain-imaging approaches are outlining a set of consistent brain circuits that regulate paternal thoughts and behaviors in humans. The newest experimental paradigms include increasingly realistic baby-stimuli to provoke paternal cognitions and behaviors with coordinated hormone measures to outline brain networks that regulate motivation, reflexive caring, emotion regulation, and social brain networks with differences and similarities to those found in mothers. In this article, on the father brain, we review all brain-imaging studies on PubMed to date on the human father brain and introduce the topic with a selection of theoretical models and foundational neurohormonal research on animal models in support of the human work. We discuss potentially translatable models for the identification and treatment of paternal mood and father-child relational problems, which could improve infant mental health and developmental trajectories with potentially broad public health importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- J.E. Swain
- University of Michigan and Yale University
| | - C.J. Dayton
- Wayne State University and University of Michigan
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Beestin L, Hugh-Jones S, Gough B. The impact of maternal postnatal depression on men and their ways of fathering: an interpretative phenomenological analysis. Psychol Health 2014; 29:717-35. [DOI: 10.1080/08870446.2014.885523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to understand the meaning of the lived experience of Japanese men during the transition to fatherhood. DESIGN Hermeneutic phenomenology was used. Participants were 12 Japanese men who had a first-time healthy child younger than 1 year of age, who were sought by using a purposeful sampling technique. FINDINGS The following six themes were identified: (1) feeling like a father; (2) realizing oneself as a husband; (3) finding the wife's pregnancy and delivery for the first time to be an impressive experience; (4) sharing time and space with one's child; (5) being aware of a change and trying to adjust to a new life; and (6) being aware of the difference between oneself and one's wife. These six themes created essence of the phenomenon of "becoming a father." DISCUSSION This study revealed Japanese men's own voice on becoming first-time fathers of infants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroko Iwata
- Graduate School of Nursing, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
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Lindberg I, Engström A. A qualitative study of new fathers' experiences of care in relation to complicated childbirth. SEXUAL & REPRODUCTIVE HEALTHCARE 2013; 4:147-52. [PMID: 24216044 DOI: 10.1016/j.srhc.2013.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2012] [Revised: 09/30/2013] [Accepted: 10/02/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The objective of the study was to describe new fathers' experiences with care related to complicated childbirth. METHODS A qualitative approach consisting of individual interviews using a semi-structured interview guide with open-ended questions was applied. A purposive sample of eight fathers participated. The interview text was subjected to qualitative thematic content analysis. RESULTS Analysis revealed the following three categories: (1) feeling scared and uncared for during acute situations; (2) appreciating the opportunity to participate in care and becoming a family; and (3) needing continued care. Based on these three categories, a recurring theme was identified: struggling to be recognized by care staff as a partner in the family was revealed. CONCLUSION Although fathers lack support and understanding from care staff, they strive to fulfill their roles as fathers by guarding their families and keeping them together. Caregivers involved in the childbirth process should realize that by acknowledging and encouraging fathers in these roles, they in turn support the entire family unit. Interventions developed for fathers and family care requires further development. Additional research concerning how midwives and critical care nurses (CCNs) view the presence of fathers in the emergency situations that may accompany childbirth is also needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inger Lindberg
- Division of Nursing, Department of Health Science, Luleå University of Technology, SE-971 87 Luleå, Sweden.
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Johansson M, Rubertsson C, Rådestad I, Hildingsson I. Improvements of postnatal care are required by Swedish fathers. Int J Health Care Qual Assur 2013; 26:465-80. [PMID: 23905306 DOI: 10.1108/ijhcqa-08-2011-0052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This paper has two main aims: to explore fathers' postnatal care experiences with a specific focus on deficiencies and to investigate which service deficiencies remained important for fathers one year after childbirth. DESIGN/METHODOLOGY/APPROACH This is a prospective longitudinal study. Two months and one year after birth, the overall satisfaction with care were sought. A care quality index was created, based on perceived reality and subjective importance of the care given. The study excluded fathers not mastering Swedish. Total eligible fathers was consequently not known therefore pregnancies served as an estimate. FINDINGS In total, 827 fathers answered the questionnaire two months after birth and 655 returned the follow-up questionnaire after one year; 21 per cent were dissatisfied with overall postnatal-care. The most important dissatisfying factors were the way fathers were treated by staff and the women's check-up/medical care. Two months after the birth, information given about the baby's care and needs were most deficient when parents had been cared for in a hotel ward. Furthermore, information about the baby's needs and woman's check-up/medical care was most deficient when fathers had participated in emergency Caesarean section. PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS Most fathers were satisfied with the overall postnatal care, but how fathers are treated by caregivers; the woman's check-up/medical care and information given about the baby's care and needs can be improved. Professionals should view early parenthood as a joint project and support both parents' needs. ORIGINALITY/VALUE The paper provides knowledge about postnatal service quality including fathers' needs.
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Tooten A, Hoffenkamp HN, Hall RAS, Braeken J, Vingerhoets AJJM, van Bakel HJA. Parental perceptions and experiences after childbirth: a comparison between mothers and fathers of term and preterm infants. Birth 2013; 40:164-71. [PMID: 24635501 DOI: 10.1111/birt.12052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/08/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Parents experience a lot of positive and negative feelings and emotions after birth. The main purpose of this study was to compare perceptions and experiences of mothers and fathers with term, moderately and very preterm infants. METHODS We included 202 infants with both parents, divided into three groups: 1) term infants (≥ 37 weeks' gestation), 2) moderately preterm infants (≥32-<37 weeks' gestation) and 3) very preterm infants (< 32 weeks' gestation). The Clinical Interview for Parents of High-risk Infants (CLIP) was used to examine parental perceptions and experiences in eight areas: 1) Infant's current condition, 2) Course of the pregnancy, 3) Labor and delivery, 4) Relationship with infant and feelings as a parent, 5) Reactions to hospital and staff, 6) Support system, 7) Discharge and beyond, and 8) Quality of narratives during the interview. RESULTS The lower the gestational age of the infant, the more negative parental experiences and perceptions were on the following five areas: infant's current condition, pregnancy course, labor and delivery, relationship with the infant, and discharge and beyond. No differences were found between maternal and paternal perceptions on any of the eight CLIP areas. CONCLUSIONS Negative parental perceptions and experiences were mainly associated with the gestational age of the infant and not at all with the gender of the parent. These findings resulted in several recommendations to optimize care for parents after preterm birth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anneke Tooten
- International Victimology Institute Tilburg, Tilburg University, The Netherlands
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Giallo R, Rose N, Cooklin A, McCormack D. In survival mode: mothers and fathers’ experiences of fatigue in the early parenting period. J Reprod Infant Psychol 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/02646838.2012.751584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Garten L, Nazary L, Metze B, Bührer C. Pilot study of experiences and needs of 111 fathers of very low birth weight infants in a neonatal intensive care unit. J Perinatol 2013; 33:65-9. [PMID: 22460545 DOI: 10.1038/jp.2012.32] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study the experiences and needs of the fathers of very low birth weight (VLBW, <1500 g) infants in a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). STUDY DESIGN An anonymous self-report questionnaire was administered to fathers of VLBW infants born between Jan 1, 2008 and December 31, 2009 at two tertiary NICUs. RESULT A total of 111 of 273 fathers responded to the questionnaire. Responses to a variety of items, including self-perception, parenting attitudes, confidence, emotional pressure to satisfaction and self-efficacy as a parent were similar for the fathers of this survey and previous results for mothers of VLBW infants. Fathers judged direct bedside support by the NICU team as sufficient. However, 54.4% of fathers reported missing nonbedside interventions such as VLBW father-specific baby care courses, seminars or workshops, and platforms or chatrooms on the internet. CONCLUSION Bedside support of fathers, accomplished by the NICU team, could be complemented by additional father-specific non-bedside support, such as peer-education measures or interactive mass media.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Garten
- Department of Neonatology, Charité University Medical Center, Berlin, Germany.
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Fathers want to stay close to their partner and new baby in the early postnatal period: the importance of being able to room in after a surgical birth. SEXUAL & REPRODUCTIVE HEALTHCARE 2012; 4:35-6. [PMID: 23427931 DOI: 10.1016/j.srhc.2012.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2012] [Revised: 11/04/2012] [Accepted: 11/05/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The early postnatal period can be challenging for new fathers especially when their partner has experienced a caesarean section. The aim of this study was to describe men's perceptions and feelings of staying with their partner and new baby in the context of having experienced a surgical birth. Thematic analysis was employed to analyse telephone interviews collected from 21 Swedish fathers who had experienced elective or emergency caesarean section. Being involved, receiving support and providing support were main reasons men considered it important they be facilitated to stay with their partners. Postnatal care should be oriented towards the whole family.
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Lu H, Zhu X, Hou R, Wang DH, Zhang HJ, While A. Chinese family adaptation during the postpartum period and its influencing factors: A questionnaire survey. Midwifery 2012; 28:222-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.midw.2011.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2010] [Revised: 01/18/2011] [Accepted: 01/24/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Brandão S, Figueiredo B. Fathers' emotional involvement with the neonate: impact of the umbilical cord cutting experience. J Adv Nurs 2012; 68:2730-9. [PMID: 22458831 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2648.2012.05978.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIMS This paper is a report on a study analysing the effect of the umbilical cord cutting experience on fathers' emotional involvement with their infants. BACKGROUND Participation in childbirth offers an opportunity for father and mother to share the childbirth experience, so it is vital that midwives improve the fathers' participation in this event. DESIGN A quasi-experimental study with a quantitative methodology was implemented. METHODS One hundred and five fathers were recruited as part of a convenience sample in a Maternity Public Hospital in a Metropolitan City in Portugal, between January and May of 2008. The Bonding Scale, the Portuguese version of the 'Mother-to-Infant Bonding Scale' was used to evaluate the fathers' emotional involvement with the neonate at different moments: before childbirth, first day after childbirth and first month after childbirth. After childbirth, the fathers were divided into three separate groups depending on their umbilical cord cutting experience. RESULTS The results demonstrate that the emotional involvement between father and child tends to increase during the first days after childbirth and to decrease when evaluated 1 month after birth, for fathers who did not cut the umbilical cord. However, fathers who cut the umbilical cord demonstrate an improvement in emotional involvement 1 month later. CONCLUSION Results suggest that the umbilical cord cutting experience benefits the father's emotional involvement with the neonate, supporting the benefits of his participation and empowerment in childbirth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sónia Brandão
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
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Mbekenga CK, Pembe AB, Christensson K, Darj E, Olsson P. Informal support to first-parents after childbirth: a qualitative study in low-income suburbs of Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2011; 11:98. [PMID: 22126899 PMCID: PMC3252242 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2393-11-98] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2011] [Accepted: 11/29/2011] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In Tanzania, and many sub-Saharan African countries, postpartum health programs have received less attention compared to other maternity care programs and therefore new parents rely on informal support. Knowledge on how informal support is understood by its stakeholders to be able to improve the health in families after childbirth is required. This study aimed to explore discourses on health related informal support to first-time parents after childbirth in low-income suburbs of Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Methods Thirteen focus group discussions with first-time parents and female and male informal supporters were analysed by discourse analysis. Results The dominant discourse was that after childbirth a first time mother needed and should be provided with support for care of the infant, herself and the household work by the maternal or paternal mother or other close and extended family members. In their absence, neighbours and friends were described as reconstructing informal support. Informal support was provided conditionally, where poor socio-economic status and non-adherence to social norms risked poor support. Support to new fathers was constructed as less prominent, provided mainly by older men and focused on economy and sexual matters. The discourse conveyed stereotypic gender roles with women described as family caretakers and men as final decision-makers and financial providers. The informal supporters regulated the first-time parents' contacts with other sources of support. Conclusions Strong and authoritative informal support networks appear to persist. However, poverty and non-adherence to social norms was understood as resulting in less support. Family health in this context would be improved by capitalising on existing informal support networks while discouraging norms promoting harmful practices and attending to the poorest. Upholding stereotypic notions of femininity and masculinity implies great burden of care for the women and delimited male involvement. Men's involvement in reproductive and child health programmes has the potential for improving family health after childbirth. The discourses conveyed contradicting messages that may be a source of worry and confusion for the new parents. Recognition, respect and raising awareness for different social actors' competencies and limitations can potentially create a health-promoting environment among families after childbirth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Columba K Mbekenga
- Department of Community Health Nursing, School of Nursing, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
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Oommen H, Rantanen A, Kaunonen M, Tarkka MT, Salonen AH. Social support provided to Finnish mothers and fathers by nursing professionals in the postnatal ward. Midwifery 2011; 27:754-61. [DOI: 10.1016/j.midw.2010.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2009] [Revised: 04/08/2010] [Accepted: 06/14/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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MacAdam R, Huuva E, Berterö C. Fathers’ experiences after having a child: sexuality becomes tailored according to circumstances. Midwifery 2011; 27:e149-55. [DOI: 10.1016/j.midw.2009.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2009] [Revised: 12/14/2009] [Accepted: 12/22/2009] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Lilja G, Edhborg M, Nissen E. Depressive mood in women at childbirth predicts their mood and relationship with infant and partner during the first year postpartum. Scand J Caring Sci 2011; 26:245-53. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-6712.2011.00925.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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Fletcher R, StGeorge J. Heading into fatherhood--nervously: support for fathering from online dads. QUALITATIVE HEALTH RESEARCH 2011; 21:1101-1114. [PMID: 21464468 DOI: 10.1177/1049732311404903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Men are becoming increasingly aware of and keen about the promises of involved fathering, and there is growing recognition of the need to support fathers, especially in the postnatal period. However, there is limited evidence of how best to offer this support. In this article, we investigate a new avenue of support that is gaining popularity in the public health sector: the Internet. Using qualitative methods, we examine messages in an asynchronous online chat room for new fathers to reveal how fathers themselves requested, offered, and received social support. Features of their communication style included humor and self-disclosure. An emergent, overarching purpose of their communications was to make fathering more "visible," and to encourage each other to engage confidently and wholeheartedly in fathering.
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The development of two postnatal health instruments: one for mothers (M-PHI) and one for fathers (F-PHI) to measure health during the first year of parenting. Qual Life Res 2011; 20:1011-22. [DOI: 10.1007/s11136-010-9832-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/15/2010] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Olsson A, Robertson E, Björklund A, Nissen E. Fatherhood in focus, sexual activity can wait: new fathers' experience about sexual life after childbirth. Scand J Caring Sci 2011; 24:716-25. [PMID: 20409069 DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-6712.2009.00768.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Becoming a parent is overwhelming for most men and women and alters the sexual relationship for many couples. AIM To describe fathers' experience about sexual life after childbirth within the first 6 months after childbirth. METHOD A descriptive design, using content analysis with a qualitative approach, based on focus group discussions and one-to-one interviews. PARTICIPANTS Eight first-time and two subsequent fathers participated. RESULTS Three subthemes were identified: Struggling between stereotypes and personal perceptions of male sexuality during transition to fatherhood; new frames for negotiating sex; a need to feel safe and at ease in the new family situation. The overarching theme emerged as 'transition to fatherhood brings sexual life to a crossroads' and guided us to a deeper understanding of the difficulties men experience during the transition to fatherhood. To get sexual life working, a number of issues had to be resolved, such as getting involved in the care of the baby and the household and getting in tune with their partners in regard to sexual desire. The men needed to be reassured and prepared for this new situation by health care professionals. CONCLUSIONS New fathers in our study put the baby in focus in early parenthood and were prepared to postpone sex until both parties were ready, although they needed reassurance to feel at ease with the new family situation. The fathers' perceptions of sexual life extended to include all kinds of closeness and touching, and it deviated from the stereotype of male sexuality. This is important information for health care providers and midwives to be aware of for their encounters with men (and women) during the transition to fatherhood, and parenthood and can contribute to caring science with a gender perspective on adjustment of sexual life after childbirth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann Olsson
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Division of Caring Science, Danderyd Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden.
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Chin R, Hall P, Daiches A. Fathers' experiences of their transition to fatherhood: a metasynthesis. J Reprod Infant Psychol 2011. [DOI: 10.1080/02646838.2010.513044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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44
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Peripartum depression – does it occur in fathers and does it matter? JOURNAL OF MENS HEALTH 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jomh.2010.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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45
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Halldén BM, Christensson K. Swedish Young Men's Lived Experiences of a Girlfriend's Early Induced Abortion. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.3149/jmh.0902.126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Fathers in the birth room: what are they expecting and experiencing? A phenomenological study. Midwifery 2010; 27:588-94. [PMID: 20673600 DOI: 10.1016/j.midw.2010.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2009] [Revised: 06/08/2010] [Accepted: 06/13/2010] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE to explore the role, expectations and meanings that individual fathers ascribe to their presence at birth. DESIGN a Heideggerian phenomenological approach utilising in-depth interviews at two different time points. SETTING large tertiary maternity unit in the North West of England. PARTICIPANTS 11 first-time fathers accessed through hospital-based parentcraft sessions. FINDINGS four main themes were evident: fathers' disconnection with pregnancy and labour; fathers on the periphery of events during labour; control; and fatherhood beginning at birth and reconnection. KEY CONCLUSIONS birth is the moment that fathers ascribe as the beginning of fatherhood. However, through their lack of knowledge and perceived control, they struggle to find a role there. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE midwives are ideally placed to help fathers to find a role through parentcraft and encouraging participation at birth.
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Abstract
Fathers are increasingly expected to engage in infant care. The early postpartum period has been described as a time when work-family conflict, lack of sleep, and fatigue are prominent themes. Research has demonstrated that these themes can have a deleterious effect on work safety. Lack of sleep and fatigue have been linked to workplace accidents, yet few studies have specifically investigated work-family conflict, sleep, and fatigue among men with infants. The need exists to specifically study and measure work-family conflict, sleep deprivation, and fatigue in relation to early fatherhood. Such research could have a direct effect on occupational health nursing practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gary Mellor
- Southern Cross University, Lakeside Campus, Tweed Heads, NSW 2485, Australia.
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Mbekenga CK, Lugina HI, Christensson K, Olsson P. Postpartum experiences of first-time fathers in a Tanzanian suburb: a qualitative interview study. Midwifery 2010; 27:174-80. [PMID: 20385433 DOI: 10.1016/j.midw.2009.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2008] [Revised: 02/20/2009] [Accepted: 03/15/2009] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES to explore postpartum experiences of first-time fathers in a multicultural, low-income, suburban Tanzanian setting. DESIGN, SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS individual qualitative interviews with ten first-time fathers, four to ten weeks post partum in Ilala suburb, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. FINDINGS these first-time fathers enjoyed fatherhood and revealed a sincere concern for the well-being of the mother and infant during the postpartum period. They described themselves as active in mother and infant care and household chores; however, they were limited by breadwinning responsibilities. The families were supported by relatives or laypersons. The mothers' and infants' nutrition had high priority but poverty was an obstacle. Timing of resumption of sex after childbirth was problematic as traditions prescribed abstinence while the woman is breast feeding. The risk of contracting HIV to the family was a concern. Reproductive and child health care often excluded fathers and gave unclear information. CONCLUSION these new fathers struggled to gain confidence and experience while engaging in family matters during post partum. Changing gender roles in the suburban Tanzanian society in general and their personal experiences of transition to fatherhood both facilitated and made the postpartum period problematic. The health sector does not respond with respect to fathers' concerns for family health and needs for support. RECOMMENDATIONS these findings call for programmes on gender relations, which are supporting constructive masculinities and facilitate new fathers' active participation and responsibilities in parenting, family health and their relations with their partners. Such programmes should not only target people in childbearing age but also their potential support persons. Health workers should welcome fathers and discuss strategies for good family health during post partum. Counselling couples together could facilitate their support for each other in optimising health post partum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Columba K Mbekenga
- Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
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Thomas J, Feeley N, Grier P. The perceived parenting self-efficacy of first-time fathers caring for very-low-birth-weight infants. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010; 32:180-99. [PMID: 19919173 DOI: 10.3109/01460860903281366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Although the period after the birth of their infant is a difficult and complex time for first-time parents who have to attain new abilities, knowledge, and skills, parents of very-low-birth-weight (VLBW) infants (<1500 g) face even greater challenges. Parenting self-efficacy has been found to play a key role in the transition to parenthood and has been linked with positive behavioral outcomes. Although many studies have attempted to describe the needs and experiences of mothers in this area, very little is yet known about fathers. DESIGN Using a qualitative, descriptive method, this study explored the factors that first-time fathers of a VLBW infant perceive to influence their parenting self-efficacy beliefs. SETTING The study was conducted though a neonatal follow-up clinic in an urban setting in Canada. PARTICIPANTS Five participants were recruited though convenience sampling. RESULTS Thematic coding analysis revealed five key themes that fathers identified as influencing their perceived self-efficacy: learning from capable role models, personal experiences, the importance of personal beliefs and traits, positive reinforcement, and infant health status. CONCLUSIONS The study results highlight the needs of first-time fathers of VLBW infants in the early period after birth and offer guidance to nurses as to how they might foster self-efficacy during this time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Thomas
- Department of Neonatology, Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Sir Mortimer B. Davis Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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Abstract
BACKGROUND The most recent review on men's transition to fatherhood was published in 1986. The present paper reports on how the literature has portrayed fatherhood over the past 20 years. The aim was to investigate men's psychological transition to fatherhood from pregnancy of the partner through the infant's first year of life. METHODS The PsycINFO, PubMed, MEDLINE, Ingenta, Ovid, EMBASE, and WoS databases were accessed to conduct a literature search on the topic. The concepts of self-image transformation, triadic relationship development, and social environment influence were used to examine the complexity of the fatherhood transition process. Specific focus was placed on men's intrapsychic relational and social dimensions. RESULTS Our analysis of the yielded results revealed three specific fatherhood stages: prenatal, labor and birth, and postnatal periods. Partner pregnancy was found to be the most demanding period in terms of psychological reorganization of the self. Labor and birth were the most intensely emotional moments, and the postnatal period was most influenced by environmental factors. The latter was also experienced as being the most interpersonally and intrapersonally challenging in terms of coping with the new reality of being a father. CONCLUSIONS Men's transition to fatherhood is guided by the social context in which they live and work and by personal characteristics in interplay with the quality of the partner relationship. Men struggle to reconcile their personal and work-related needs with those of their new families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Genesoni
- Department of Psychology, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
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