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Amirkhosravi A, Mirtajaddini Goki M, Heidari MR, Karami-Mohajeri S, Iranpour M, Torshabi M, Mehrabani M, Mandegary A, Mehrabani M. Combination of losartan with pirfenidone: a protective anti-fibrotic against pulmonary fibrosis induced by bleomycin in rats. Sci Rep 2024; 14:8729. [PMID: 38622264 PMCID: PMC11018867 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-59395-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Pirfenidone (PFD), one acceptable medication for treating idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), is not well tolerated by patients at full doses. Hence, employing of some approaches such as combination therapy may be applicable for increasing therapeutic efficacy of PFD. Losartan (LOS), an angiotensin II receptor antagonist, could be a suitable candidate for combination therapy because of its stabilizing effect on the pulmonary function of IPF patients. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effects of LOS in combination with PFD on bleomycin (BLM)-induced lung fibrosis in rats. BLM-exposed rats were treated with LOS alone or in combination with PFD. The edema, pathological changes, level of transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β1), collagen content, and oxidative stress parameters were assessed in the lung tissues. Following BLM exposure, the inflammatory response, collagen levels, and antioxidant markers in rat lung tissues were significantly improved by PFD, and these effects were improved by combination with LOS. The findings of this in vivo study suggest that the combined administration of PFD and LOS may provide more potent protection against IPF than single therapy through boosting its anti-inflammatory, anti-fibrotic, and anti-oxidant effects. These results hold promise in developing a more effective therapeutic strategy for treating of lung fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arian Amirkhosravi
- Physiology Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | | | - Mahmoud Reza Heidari
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
- Pharmaceutics Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Somayyeh Karami-Mohajeri
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
- Pharmaceutics Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Maryam Iranpour
- Department of Pathology, Pathology and Stem Cell Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Maryam Torshabi
- Department of Dental Biomaterials, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mitra Mehrabani
- Herbal and Traditional Medicines Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Ali Mandegary
- Physiology Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
- Pharmaceutics Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
| | - Mehrnaz Mehrabani
- Physiology Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
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Yin Y, Yang Y, Zhang Y, Shang Y, Li Q, Yuan J. MiR-132-3p suppresses peritoneal fibrosis induced by peritoneal dialysis via targeting TGF-β1/Smad2/3 signaling pathway. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0301540. [PMID: 38603722 PMCID: PMC11008817 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0301540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Peritoneal fibrosis (PF) is the main complication of peritoneal dialysis (PD) and the most common cause of cessation from PD. There is still no effective therapeutic approach to reserve PF. We aimed to investigate the role of miR-132-3p and underlying potential mechanisms in PF. METHODS A total of 18 Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were divided randomly into three groups (n = 6): (i)Control group (ii)PF group (iii)PF+Losartan group; Rats in the PF group and PF+Losartan group received daily intraperitoneal injections of 3 mg/kg chlorhexidine for 14 days, and rats in the PF+Losartan group simultaneously received daily intraperitoneal injections of 2 mg/kg losartan for 14 days. The control group was injected with saline in the same volume. Met-5A cells were treated for 24h with TGF-β1 dissolved in recombinant buffered saline at a concentration of 10 ng/ml, meanwhile, PBS solution as a negative control. The human peritoneal solution was collected for the detection of miR-132-3p. RESULTS In vivo, SD rats were infused with chlorhexidine to establish PF model, and we found that miR-132-3p significantly decreased and the expressions of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), and Smad2/3 were up-regulated in PF. In vitro, miR-132-3p mimics suppressed TGF-β1/Smad2/3 activity, whereas miR-132-3p inhibition activated the pathway. In human peritoneal solution, we found that the expression of miR-132-3p decreased in a time-dependent model and its effect became more pronounced with longer PD duration. CONCLUSION MiR-132-3p ameliorated PF by suppressing TGF-β1/Smad2/3 activity, suggesting that miR-132-3p represented a potential therapeutic approach for PF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangyang Yin
- School of Medicine, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
- Department of Nephrology, Guizhou Provincial People’s Hospital, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Yuqi Yang
- Department of Nephrology, Guizhou Provincial People’s Hospital, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Yongqiang Zhang
- Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Yu Shang
- Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Qian Li
- Department of Nephrology, Guizhou Provincial People’s Hospital, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Jing Yuan
- School of Medicine, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
- Department of Nephrology, Guizhou Provincial People’s Hospital, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
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3
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Ma J, Li G, Wang H, Mo C. Comprehensive review of potential drugs with anti-pulmonary fibrosis properties. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 173:116282. [PMID: 38401514 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary fibrosis is a chronic and progressive lung disease characterized by the accumulation of scar tissue in the lungs, which leads to impaired lung function and reduced quality of life. The prognosis for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), which is the most common form of pulmonary fibrosis, is generally poor. The median survival for patients with IPF is estimated to be around 3-5 years from the time of diagnosis. Currently, there are two approved drugs (Pirfenidone and Nintedanib) for the treatment of IPF. However, Pirfenidone and Nintedanib are not able to reverse or cure pulmonary fibrosis. There is a need for new pharmacological interventions that can slow or halt disease progression and cure pulmonary fibrosis. This review aims to provide an updated overview of current and future drug interventions for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, and to summarize possible targets of potential anti-pulmonary fibrosis drugs, providing theoretical support for further clinical combination therapy or the development of new drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Ma
- Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study, Center for Medical Genetics, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China; The Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children of MOE, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Gang Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Han Wang
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA; Center for RNA Science and Therapeutics, School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Chunheng Mo
- The Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children of MOE, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
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4
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Wegner E, Mickan T, Truffel S, Slotina E, Müller L, Wunderlich F, Harper A, Ritz U, Rommens PM, Gercek E, Drees P, Baranowski A. The effect of losartan on the development of post-traumatic joint stiffness in a rat model. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 166:115291. [PMID: 37557010 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Post-traumatic joint stiffness (PTJS) is accompanied by a multidimensional disturbance of joint architecture. Pharmacological approaches represent promising alternatives as the traumatic nature of current therapeutic standards may lead to PTJS' progression. Losartan is an auspicious candidate, as it has demonstrated an antifibrotic effect in other organs. Forty-eight Sprague Dawley rats were randomized into equally sized losartan or control groups. After a standardized knee trauma, the joint was immobilized for either 2 weeks (n = 16), 4 weeks (n = 16) or 4 weeks with re-mobilization for an additional 4 weeks (n = 16). Pharmacotherapy with losartan or placebo (30 mg/kg/day) was initiated on the day of trauma and continued for the entire course. Joint contracture was measured alongside histological and molecular biological assessments. There were no significant biomechanical changes in joint contracture over time, comparing short-term (2 weeks) with long-term losartan therapy (4 weeks). However, comparing the formation of PTJS with that of the control, there was a trend toward improvement of joint mobility of 10.5° (p 0.09) under the influence of losartan. During the re-mobilization phase, no significant effect of losartan on range of motion (ROM) was demonstrated. At a cellular level, losartan significantly reduced myofibroblast counts by up to 72 % (4 weeks, p ≤ 0.001) without effecting the capsular configuration. Differences in expression levels of profibrotic factors (TGF-β, CTGF, Il-6) were most pronounced at week 4. The antifibrotic properties of losartan are not prominent enough to completely prevent the development of PTJS after severe joint injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik Wegner
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Biomatics Group, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz 55131, Germany
| | - Tim Mickan
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Biomatics Group, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz 55131, Germany
| | - Sebastian Truffel
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Biomatics Group, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz 55131, Germany
| | - Ekaterina Slotina
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Biomatics Group, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz 55131, Germany
| | - Lukas Müller
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz 55131, Germany; Mainz Research School of Translational Biomedicine, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz 55131, Germany
| | - Felix Wunderlich
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Biomatics Group, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz 55131, Germany
| | - Austin Harper
- St. George's University School of Medicine, True Blue, St. George, Grenada
| | - Ulrike Ritz
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Biomatics Group, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz 55131, Germany
| | - Pol M Rommens
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Biomatics Group, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz 55131, Germany
| | - Erol Gercek
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Biomatics Group, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz 55131, Germany
| | - Philipp Drees
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Biomatics Group, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz 55131, Germany
| | - Andreas Baranowski
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Biomatics Group, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz 55131, Germany.
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Cui A, Li S, Li Y, Yang D, Huang J, Wang X, Song N, Chen F, Chen S, Xiang M. Nitric oxide-mediated the therapeutic properties of induced pluripotent stem cell for paraquat-induced acute lung injury. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1136290. [PMID: 37275899 PMCID: PMC10232993 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1136290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The mortality rate associated with acute lung injury (ALI) and its severe form, acute respiratory distress syndrome, is high. Induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) therapy is a potential treatment method for ALI, but its therapeutic efficacy is limited in injured lungs. Nitric oxide (NO) has various physiological actions. The current study investigated the effect of iPSCs pretreated with NO donors in paraquat (PQ)-induced ALI mouse model. Male C57BL/6 mice were intraperitoneally injected with PQ, followed by infusion of phosphate-buffered saline, iPSCs, L-arginine pretreated iPSCs, or Nitro-L-arginine methylester (L-NAME) pretreated iPSCs through the tail veins. Histopathological changes, pulmonary microvascular permeability, and inflammatory cytokine levels were analyzed after 3 or 28 d. The effects on iPSC proliferation, migration, and adhesion were evaluated in vitro. More L-arginine-pretreated iPSCs were selectively trafficked into the injured pulmonary tissue of mice with LPS-induced ALI, drastically diminishing the histopathologic changes and inflammatory cytokine levels (IL-1β and IL-6). There was also markedly improved pulmonary microvascular permeability and pulmonary function. The NO inhibitor abolished the protective effects of iPSCs. In addition, the ability of L-arginine to promote the proliferation and migration of iPSCs was decreased by L-NAME pretreatment, suggesting that NO might mediate the therapeutic benefits of iPSC. The improvement of the iPSC physiological changes by the endogenous gaseous molecule NO reduces lung injury severity. L-Arginine represents a pharmacologically important strategy for enhancing the therapeutic potential of iPSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anfeng Cui
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Pathology, The Second Clinical Medical College, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Shirui Li
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yijun Li
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dawei Yang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiongwei Huang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Health Management Center Department, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuemeng Wang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Nana Song
- Fudan Zhang Jiang Institute, Shanghai, China
| | - Fuchen Chen
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Sifeng Chen
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Meng Xiang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Fudan Zhang Jiang Institute, Shanghai, China
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6
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Signaling pathways involved in paraquat-induced pulmonary toxicity: Molecular mechanisms and potential therapeutic drugs. Int Immunopharmacol 2022; 113:109301. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.109301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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7
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Imani J, Bodine SPM, Lamattina AM, Ma DD, Shrestha S, Maynard DM, Bishop K, Nwokeji A, Malicdan MCV, Testa LC, Sood R, Stump B, Rosas IO, Perrella MA, Handin R, Young LR, Gochuico BR, El-Chemaly S. Dysregulated myosin in Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome lung fibroblasts is associated with increased cell motility. Respir Res 2022; 23:167. [PMID: 35739508 PMCID: PMC9229912 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-022-02083-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome (HPS) is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by improper biogenesis of lysosome-related organelles (LROs). Lung fibrosis is the leading cause of death among adults with HPS-1 and HPS-4 genetic types, which are associated with defects in the biogenesis of lysosome-related organelles complex-3 (BLOC-3), a guanine exchange factor (GEF) for a small GTPase, Rab32. LROs are not ubiquitously present in all cell types, and specific cells utilize LROs to accomplish dedicated functions. Fibroblasts are not known to contain LROs, and the function of BLOC-3 in fibroblasts is unclear. Here, we report that lung fibroblasts isolated from patients with HPS-1 have increased migration capacity. Silencing HPS-1 in normal lung fibroblasts similarly leads to increased migration. We also show that the increased migration is driven by elevated levels of Myosin IIB. Silencing HPS1 or RAB32 in normal lung fibroblasts leads to increased MYOSIN IIB levels. MYOSIN IIB is downstream of p38-MAPK, which is a known target of angiotensin receptor signaling. Treatment with losartan, an angiotensin receptor inhibitor, decreases MYOSIN IIB levels and impedes HPS lung fibroblast migration in vitro. Furthermore, pharmacologic inhibition of angiotensin receptor with losartan seemed to decrease migration of HPS lung fibroblasts in vivo in a zebrafish xenotransplantation model. Taken together, we demonstrate that BLOC-3 plays an important role in MYOSIN IIB regulation within lung fibroblasts and contributes to fibroblast migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jewel Imani
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | | | - Anthony M Lamattina
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Diane D Ma
- Division of Hematology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Shikshya Shrestha
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Dawn M Maynard
- Medical Genetics Branch, NHGRI, NIH, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Kevin Bishop
- Zebrafish Core Facility, NHGRI, NIH, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Arinze Nwokeji
- Division of Hematology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - May Christine V Malicdan
- NIH Undiagnosed Diseases Program, Common Fund, Office of the Director, NIH, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Lauren C Testa
- Medical Genetics Branch, NHGRI, NIH, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Raman Sood
- Zebrafish Core Facility, NHGRI, NIH, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Benjamin Stump
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Ivan O Rosas
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Mark A Perrella
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.,Department of Pediatric Newborn Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Robert Handin
- Division of Hematology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Lisa R Young
- Division of Pulmonary and Sleep Medicine, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Perlman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | | | - Souheil El-Chemaly
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
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8
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Losartan ameliorates renal interstitial fibrosis through metabolic pathway and Smurfs-TGF-β/Smad. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 149:112931. [PMID: 36068784 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.112931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 03/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The genesis and development of renal fibrosis involve a variety of pathways closely related to inflammation, cytokines, oxidative stress and metabolic abnormalities. Renal fibrosis is the result of a complex combination of a variety of lesions. Epithelial-mesenchymal transdifferentiation (EMT) of renal tubular epithelial cells is considered the key to renal fibrosis. Losartan is a typical Angiotensin II (ANG II) receptor antagonist and relaxes blood vessels. In this study, we investigated the effects of losartan on Unilateral Ureteral Obstruction (UUO) model mice by studying the changes in the TGF-β/Smad and metabolomics. Male C57BL/6 J mice were intervened with the UUO model and given losartan (10, 20, 30 mg/kg/d) for 28 consecutive days. The results showed that losartan could reduce UUO-induced abnormal serum metabolic spectrum and renal function. It could also improve renal tubular-interstitial injury and fibrosis by reducing tubulointerstitial dilation and collagen deposition. In addition, losartan promoted the expression of Smurf2 and Smurf1, i.e., Smad7 and E3 ubiquitin-linked enzymes, in the nucleus to degrade the type I receptor of TGF-β1 (TβR-I) and P-Smad2/3 to inhibit renal tubular epithelial cells EMT. In summary, these findings indicated that losartan could regulate the TGF-β/Smad and metabolic pathway in UUO model mice through ubiquitination to reduce renal fibrosis.
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David MA, Reiter AJ, Dunham CL, Castile RM, Abraham JA, Iannucci LE, Shah ID, Havlioglu N, Chamberlain AM, Lake SP. Pleiotropic Effects of Simvastatin and Losartan in Preclinical Models of Post-Traumatic Elbow Contracture. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:803403. [PMID: 35265595 PMCID: PMC8899197 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.803403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Elbow trauma can lead to post-traumatic joint contracture (PTJC), which is characterized by loss of motion associated with capsule/ligament fibrosis and cartilage damage. Unfortunately, current therapies are often unsuccessful or cause complications. This study aimed to determine the effects of prophylactically administered simvastatin (SV) and losartan (LS) in two preclinical models of elbow PTJC: an in vivo elbow-specific rat injury model and an in vitro collagen gel contraction assay. The in vivo elbow rat (n = 3-10/group) injury model evaluated the effects of orally administered SV and LS at two dosing strategies [i.e., low dose/high frequency/short duration (D1) vs. high dose/low frequency/long duration (D2)] on post-mortem elbow range of motion (via biomechanical testing) as well as capsule fibrosis and cartilage damage (via histopathology). The in vitro gel contraction assay coupled with live/dead staining (n = 3-19/group) evaluated the effects of SV and LS at various concentrations (i.e., 1, 10, 100 µM) and durations (i.e., continuous, short, or delayed) on the contractibility and viability of fibroblasts/myofibroblasts [i.e., NIH3T3 fibroblasts with endogenous transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGFβ1)]. In vivo, no drug strategy prevented elbow contracture biomechanically. Histologically, only SV-D2 modestly reduced capsule fibrosis but maintained elevated cellularity and tissue hypertrophy, and both SV strategies lessened cartilage damage. SV modest benefits were localized to the anterior region, not the posterior, of the joint. Neither LS strategy had meaningful benefits in capsule nor cartilage. In vitro, irrespective of the presence of TGFβ1, SV (≥10 μM) prevented gel contraction partly by decreasing cell viability (100 μM). In contrast, LS did not prevent gel contraction or affect cell viability. This study demonstrates that SV, but not LS, might be suitable prophylactic drug therapy in two preclinical models of elbow PTJC. Results provide initial insight to guide future preclinical studies aimed at preventing or mitigating elbow PTJC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael A. David
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Alex J. Reiter
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Chelsey L. Dunham
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Ryan M. Castile
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - James A. Abraham
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Leanne E. Iannucci
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Ishani D. Shah
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Necat Havlioglu
- Department of Pathology, John Cochran VA Medical Center, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Aaron M. Chamberlain
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Spencer P. Lake
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, United States
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, United States
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10
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Kouhpayeh S, Shariati L, Boshtam M, Rahimmanesh I, Mirian M, Esmaeili Y, Najaflu M, Khanahmad N, Zeinalian M, Trovato M, Tay FR, Khanahmad H, Makvandi P. The Molecular Basis of COVID-19 Pathogenesis, Conventional and Nanomedicine Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:5438. [PMID: 34064039 PMCID: PMC8196740 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22115438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Revised: 05/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In late 2019, a new member of the Coronaviridae family, officially designated as "severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2" (SARS-CoV-2), emerged and spread rapidly. The Coronavirus Disease-19 (COVID-19) outbreak was accompanied by a high rate of morbidity and mortality worldwide and was declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization in March 2020. Within the Coronaviridae family, SARS-CoV-2 is considered to be the third most highly pathogenic virus that infects humans, following the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) and the Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV). Four major mechanisms are thought to be involved in COVID-19 pathogenesis, including the activation of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) signaling pathway, oxidative stress and cell death, cytokine storm, and endothelial dysfunction. Following virus entry and RAS activation, acute respiratory distress syndrome develops with an oxidative/nitrosative burst. The DNA damage induced by oxidative stress activates poly ADP-ribose polymerase-1 (PARP-1), viral macrodomain of non-structural protein 3, poly (ADP-ribose) glycohydrolase (PARG), and transient receptor potential melastatin type 2 (TRPM2) channel in a sequential manner which results in cell apoptosis or necrosis. In this review, blockers of angiotensin II receptor and/or PARP, PARG, and TRPM2, including vitamin D3, trehalose, tannins, flufenamic and mefenamic acid, and losartan, have been investigated for inhibiting RAS activation and quenching oxidative burst. Moreover, the application of organic and inorganic nanoparticles, including liposomes, dendrimers, quantum dots, and iron oxides, as therapeutic agents for SARS-CoV-2 were fully reviewed. In the present review, the clinical manifestations of COVID-19 are explained by focusing on molecular mechanisms. Potential therapeutic targets, including the RAS signaling pathway, PARP, PARG, and TRPM2, are also discussed in depth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shirin Kouhpayeh
- Erythron Genetics and Pathobiology Laboratory, Department of Immunology, Isfahan 8164776351, Iran;
| | - Laleh Shariati
- Department of Biomaterials, Nanotechnology and Tissue Engineering, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan 8174673461, Iran;
- Biosensor Research Center, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan 8174673461, Iran;
| | - Maryam Boshtam
- Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan 8158388994, Iran;
| | - Ilnaz Rahimmanesh
- Applied Physiology Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan 8174673461, Iran;
| | - Mina Mirian
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan 8174673461, Iran;
| | - Yasaman Esmaeili
- Biosensor Research Center, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan 8174673461, Iran;
| | - Malihe Najaflu
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan 8174673461, Iran; (M.N.); (M.Z.)
| | - Negar Khanahmad
- School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan 817467346, Iran;
| | - Mehrdad Zeinalian
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan 8174673461, Iran; (M.N.); (M.Z.)
| | - Maria Trovato
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology (IBBC), National Research Council (CNR), 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Franklin R Tay
- The Graduate School, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA;
| | - Hossein Khanahmad
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan 8174673461, Iran; (M.N.); (M.Z.)
| | - Pooyan Makvandi
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Centre for Materials Interface, viale Rinaldo Piaggio 34, 56025 Pisa, Italy
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Subbiah R, Tiwari RR. The herbicide paraquat-induced molecular mechanisms in the development of acute lung injury and lung fibrosis. Crit Rev Toxicol 2021; 51:36-64. [PMID: 33528289 DOI: 10.1080/10408444.2020.1864721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The herbicide paraquat (PQ; 1,1'-dimethyl-4,4'-bipyridylium dichloride) is a highly toxic organic heterocyclic herbicide that has been widely used in agricultural settings. Since its commercial introduction in the early 1960s, numerous cases of fatal PQ poisonings attributed to accidental and/or intentional ingestion of PQ concentrated formulations have been reported. The clinical manifestations of the respiratory system during the acute phase of PQ poisoning mainly include acute lung injury (ALI)/acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), followed by pulmonary fibrosis in a later phase. The focus of this review is to summarize the most recent publications related to PQ-induced lung toxicity as well as the underlying molecular mechanisms for PQ-mediated pathologic processes. Growing sets of data from in vitro and in vivo models have demonstrated the involvement of the PQ in regulating lung oxidative stress, inflammatory response, epigenetics, apoptosis, autophagy, and the progression of lung fibrosis. The article also summarizes novel therapeutic avenues based on a literature review, which can be explored as potential means to combat PQ-induced lung toxicity. Finally, we also presented clinical studies on the association of PQ exposure with the incidence of lung injury and pulmonary fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajasekaran Subbiah
- Department of Biochemistry, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Environmental Health, Bhopal, India
| | - Rajnarayan R Tiwari
- Department of Biochemistry, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Environmental Health, Bhopal, India
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12
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A potential protective role of losartan against coronavirus-induced lung damage. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2020; 41:752-753. [PMID: 32248854 PMCID: PMC7137531 DOI: 10.1017/ice.2020.80] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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13
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Rashidipour N, Karami-Mohajeri S, Mandegary A, Mohammadinejad R, Wong A, Mohit M, Salehi J, Ashrafizadeh M, Najafi A, Abiri A. Where ferroptosis inhibitors and paraquat detoxification mechanisms intersect, exploring possible treatment strategies. Toxicology 2020; 433-434:152407. [PMID: 32061663 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2020.152407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2019] [Revised: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Paraquat (PQ) is a fast-acting and effective herbicide that is used throughout the world to eliminate weeds. Over the past years, PQ was considered one of the most popular poisoning substances for suicide, and PQ poisoning accounts for about one-third of suicides around the world. Poisoning with PQ may cause multiorgan failure, pulmonary fibrosis, and ultimately death. Exposure to PQ results in the accumulation of PQ in the lungs, causing severe damage and, eventually, fibrosis. Until now, no effective antidote has been found to treat poisoning with PQ. In general, the toxicity of PQ is due to the formation of high energy oxygen free radicals and the peroxidation of unsaturated lipids in the cell. Ferroptosis is the result of the loss of glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) activity that transforms iron-dependent lipid hydroperoxides to lipid alcohols, which are inert in the biological environment. Impaired iron metabolism and lipid peroxidation are increasingly known as the driving agents of ferroptosis. The contribution of ferroptosis to the development of cell death during poisoning with PQ has not yet been addressed. There is growing evidence about the relationship between PQ poisoning and ferroptosis. This raises the possibility of using ferroptosis inhibitors for the treatment of PQ poisoning. In this hypothesis-driven review article, we elaborated how ferroptosis inhibitors might circumvent the toxicity induced by PQ and may be potentially useful for the treatment of PQ toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niloofar Rashidipour
- Department of Anesthesiology, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran; Pharmaceutics Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
| | - Somayyeh Karami-Mohajeri
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Ali Mandegary
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran; Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Reza Mohammadinejad
- Pharmaceutics Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
| | - Anselm Wong
- Victorian Poisons Information Centre, Emergency Department and Austin Toxicology Unit, Austin Health, Victoria, Australia; Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University, Victoria, Australia; Centre for Integrated Critical Care, Department of Medicine and Radiology, Melbourne Medical School, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Melika Mohit
- Department of Laboratory Sciences, Sirjan Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Jafar Salehi
- Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Milad Ashrafizadeh
- Department of Basic Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Amir Najafi
- Pharmaceutics Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran; Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Ardavan Abiri
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
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Liu K, Zhan Z, Gao W, Feng J, Xie X. Cyclosporine attenuates Paraquat-induced mitophagy and pulmonary fibrosis. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 2020; 42:138-146. [PMID: 32116062 DOI: 10.1080/08923973.2020.1729176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Objectives: Paraquat (PQ) poisoning can induce mitophagy and pulmonary fibrosis. Cyclosporine A (CsA) is an inhibitor of mitophagy. This study aimed at investigating whether CsA could inhibit PQ-induced mitophagy and pulmonary fibrosis in rats.Materials and Methods: Male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were treated with vehicle saline (control), 50 mg/kg PQ by gavage alone, or together with different doses of CsA. At 14 days post-induction, the levels of pulmonary fibrosis and PTEN-induced putative kinase 1 (PINK1) and Parkin expression in individual rats and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) in lung cells were measured. Moreover, A549 cells were treated with PQ or PQ + CsA for 24 h and the levels of PINK1, Parkin, fibronectin, collagen I and LC3 I and II expression and MMP were examined. Finally, the impact of PINK1 overexpression on the PQ or PQ + CsA-modulated fibronectin and collagen I expression in A549 cells was tested.Results: PQ exposure significantly increased the levels of hydroxyproline and collagen I expression and collagen fiber accumulation in the lung of rats, which were mitigated by CsA treatment. Furthermore, treatment with CsA significantly improved the PQ-decreased MMP and abrogated PQ-upregulated PINK1 and Parkin expression in the lungs of rats. In addition, CsA treatment decreased the PQ-induced fibrosis and mitophagy and PQ-impaired MMP as well as PQ-upregulated PINK1 and Parkin expression in A549 cells. The later effect of CsA was abrogated by PINK1 overexpression in A549 cells.Conclusions: Therefore, CsA can inhibit the PQ-induced mitophagy and pulmonary fibrosis by attenuating the PINK1/Parkin signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaixiang Liu
- Department of Nephrology, the Second Clinical Medical Institution of North Sichuan Medical College (Nanchong Central Hospital), Nanchong, China.,Department of Nephrology, the Chengdu Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, and the Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhipeng Zhan
- Department of Nephrology, the Second Clinical Medical Institution of North Sichuan Medical College (Nanchong Central Hospital), Nanchong, China
| | - Wei Gao
- Department of Nephrology, the Second Clinical Medical Institution of North Sichuan Medical College (Nanchong Central Hospital), Nanchong, China
| | - Jie Feng
- Department of Nephrology, the Second Clinical Medical Institution of North Sichuan Medical College (Nanchong Central Hospital), Nanchong, China
| | - Xisheng Xie
- Department of Nephrology, the Second Clinical Medical Institution of North Sichuan Medical College (Nanchong Central Hospital), Nanchong, China
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15
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SreeHarsha N. Embelin impact on paraquat-induced lung injury through suppressing oxidative stress, inflammatory cascade, and MAPK/NF-κB signaling pathway. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2020; 34:e22456. [PMID: 32020686 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.22456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2019] [Revised: 11/22/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The current examination was intended to observe the defensive impacts of embelin against paraquat-incited lung damage in relationship with its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory action. Oxidative stress marker, like malondialdehyde (MDA), antioxidative enzymes, for example, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH Px), inflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin-1β (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor-α, and IL-6, histological examination, and nuclear factor kappa B/mitogen-activated protein kinase (NF-κB/MAPK) gene expression were evaluated in lung tissue. Embelin treatment significantly decreased MDA and increased SOD, CAT, and GSH Px. Embelin significantly reduced levels of inflammatory cytokines in paraquat-administered and paraquat-intoxicated rats. In addition, embelin suggestively decreased relative protein expression of nuclear NF-κB p65, p-NF-κBp65, p38 MAPK, and p-p38 MAPKs in paraquat-intoxicated rats. The outcomes show the impact of embelin inhibitory action on NF-κB and MAPK and inflammatory cytokines release, and the decrease of lung tissue damage caused by paraquat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nagaraja SreeHarsha
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
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16
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He F, Wang Y, Li Y, Yu L. Human amniotic mesenchymal stem cells alleviate paraquat-induced pulmonary fibrosis in rats by inhibiting the inflammatory response. Life Sci 2020; 243:117290. [PMID: 31923420 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.117290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Revised: 01/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To investigate the therapeutic effects of human amniotic mesenchymal stem cells (hAMSCs) on paraquat (PQ)-induced pulmonary fibrosis in rats and investigate the inflammatory mechanisms. MAIN METHODS hAMSCs were identified by morphological, flow cytometry and immunocytochemistry. A pulmonary fibrosis model was induced by administering PQ to rats. The hAMSCs group was treated with hAMSCs after 6 h of PQ poisoning. At 21 days after hAMSCs transplantation, lungs were harvested for H&E, Masson and immunohistochemical staining to evaluate pulmonary histopathology, collagen deposition, CD3+ cell infiltration and hAMSCs colonization. Arterial blood was used for lactic acid analysis and venous blood was used to detect TNF-α, IL-6, and TGF-β1 by ELISA method. KEY FINDINGS hAMSCs can improve the lung structure and decrease collagen deposition induced by PQ. The membranes of CD3+ T cell in the PQ group were round and complete, while that in the hAMSCs group rats exhibited punctate or diffuse staining. In addition, the CD3+ cell was decreased by hAMSCs administration, and MAB1281-positive cells were detected in lung of hAMSCs group rats. The survival rate of the hAMSCs group was significantly higher than that of the PQ group at 21 days after injection. TNF-α, IL-6, TGF-β1 and lactic acid were significantly decreased by hAMSCs administration. SIGNIFICANCE hAMSCs have a significant therapeutic effect on pulmonary fibrosis induced by acute PQ poisoning and can improve survival rate in rats. Furthermore, hAMSCs administration can improve lung histopathology and reduce collagen deposition by reducing inflammatory CD3+ T cell infiltration, inflammatory cytokine expression and lactic acid levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang He
- Key Laboratory of Cell Engineering in Guizhou Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563003, PR China; Biological Treatment Talent Base of Guizhou Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563003, PR China; Zunyi Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Engineering Research Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563003, PR China.
| | - Yuying Wang
- Key Laboratory of Cell Engineering in Guizhou Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563003, PR China; Biological Treatment Talent Base of Guizhou Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563003, PR China; Zunyi Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Engineering Research Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563003, PR China.
| | - Yuxiang Li
- Key Laboratory of Cell Engineering in Guizhou Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563003, PR China; Biological Treatment Talent Base of Guizhou Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563003, PR China; Zunyi Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Engineering Research Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563003, PR China.
| | - Limei Yu
- Key Laboratory of Cell Engineering in Guizhou Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563003, PR China; Biological Treatment Talent Base of Guizhou Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563003, PR China; Zunyi Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Engineering Research Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563003, PR China.
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Yao Y, Li Y, Zeng X, Ye Z, Li X, Zhang L. Losartan Alleviates Renal Fibrosis and Inhibits Endothelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) Under High-Fat Diet-Induced Hyperglycemia. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:1213. [PMID: 30420805 PMCID: PMC6215973 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.01213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2018] [Accepted: 10/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of glomerular vascular endothelial cells is considered to be pivotal in diabetic nephropathy (DN). The risk of DN can be decreased by losartan, but the potential molecular mechanism(s) are not fully understood. Extensive data show that the EMT occurs in proximal tubular endothelial cells resulting in an endothelial phenotype switch (fibrotic matrix accumulation), consequently enhancing the development of renal interstitial fibrosis. Here, we found that losartan significantly ameliorated DN-induced renal fibrosis progression via inhibition of the EMT in mice. In vivo experiments suggested that losartan significantly alleviated microalbuminuria and pathologic changes under high-fat diet-induced hyperglycemia. Immunohistochemistry indicated that losartan suppressed the EMT in glomeruli. In addition, losartan decreased oxidative stress damage and inhibited the transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1/Smad pathway. Furthermore, consistent changes were detected in vitro where losartan markedly inhibited the EMT and TGF-β1/Smad pathway induced by high glucose in glomerular endothelial cells. Together, these results suggested that losartan could alleviate the EMT in glomeruli via inhibition of oxidative stress damage and the TGF-β1/Smad signaling pathway under hyperglycemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufeng Yao
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology and Center for Human Genome Research, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yong Li
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology and Center for Human Genome Research, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaofei Zeng
- College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zheng Ye
- College of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xia Li
- Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Wenhua College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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18
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Carrington R, Jordan S, Pitchford S, Page C. Use of animal models in IPF research. Pulm Pharmacol Ther 2018; 51:73-78. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pupt.2018.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2018] [Revised: 07/04/2018] [Accepted: 07/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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He F, Zhou A, Feng S, Li Y, Liu T. Mesenchymal stem cell therapy for paraquat poisoning: A systematic review and meta-analysis of preclinical studies. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0194748. [PMID: 29566055 PMCID: PMC5864035 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0194748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2018] [Accepted: 03/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Paraquat (PQ) poisoning can cause multiple organ failure, in which the lung is the primary target organ. There is currently no treatment for PQ poisoning. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), which differentiate into multiple cell types, have generated much enthusiasm regarding their use for the treatment of several diseases. The aim of this study was to systematically review and analyze published preclinical studies describing MSC administration for the treatment of PQ poisoning in animal models to provide a basis for cell therapy. Methods The electronic databases PubMed and CBMdisc were searched in this systematic review and meta-analysis. The MSC treatment characteristics of animal models of PQ poisoning were summarized. After quality assessment was performed, the effects of MSC transplantation were evaluated based on the survival rate, lung wet/dry weight, fibrosis scores, oxidative stress response, and inflammatory response. Publication bias was assessed. Results Eleven controlled preclinical studies involving MSC transplantation in animal models of PQ poisoning were included in this review. MSC therapy improved the survival rate and reduced the lung wet/dry weight and histopathological fibrosis changes in most studies. MSCs decreased serum or plasma malondialdehyde levels in the acute phase after 7 and 14 d and increased serum or plasma superoxide dismutase and glutathione levels at the same time points. IL-1β, TNF-α and TGF-β1 levels in blood or lung tissues were decreased to different degrees by MSCs. Lung hydroxyproline was decreased by MSCs after 14 d. No obvious evidence of publication bias was found. Conclusion MSCs showed anti-fibrosis therapeutic effects in animal models of lung injury caused by PQ poisoning, which may be related to reduced oxidative stress and inflammatory cytokine levels. Our review indicates a potential therapeutic role for MSC therapy to treat PQ poisoning and serves to augment the rationale for clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang He
- Key Laboratory of Cell Engineering of Guizhou Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical College, Zunyi, Guizhou, PR China
- * E-mail:
| | - Aiting Zhou
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical College, Zunyi, Guizhou, PR China
| | - Shou Feng
- Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing, PR China
| | - Yuxiang Li
- Key Laboratory of Cell Engineering of Guizhou Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical College, Zunyi, Guizhou, PR China
| | - Tao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Cell Engineering of Guizhou Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical College, Zunyi, Guizhou, PR China
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20
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Therapeutic Effect of Gallic Acid Against Paraquat-Induced Lung Injury in Rats. Jundishapur J Nat Pharm Prod 2018. [DOI: 10.5812/jjnpp.12450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
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Mojiri-Forushani H, Hemmati AA, Dehghani MA, Malayeri AR, Pour HH. Effects of herbal extracts and compounds and pharmacological agents on pulmonary fibrosis in animal models: a review. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE-JIM 2017; 15:433-441. [DOI: 10.1016/s2095-4964(17)60363-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Quigley HA, Pitha IF, Welsbie DS, Nguyen C, Steinhart MR, Nguyen TD, Pease ME, Oglesby EN, Berlinicke CA, Mitchell KL, Kim J, Jefferys JJ, Kimball EC. Losartan Treatment Protects Retinal Ganglion Cells and Alters Scleral Remodeling in Experimental Glaucoma. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0141137. [PMID: 26505191 PMCID: PMC4624713 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0141137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2015] [Accepted: 10/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To determine if oral losartan treatment decreases the retinal ganglion cell (RGC) death caused by experimental intraocular pressure (IOP) elevation in mice. Methods We produced IOP increase in CD1 mice and performed unilateral optic nerve crush. Mice received oral losartan, spironolactone, enalapril, or no drug to test effects of inhibiting angiotensin receptors. IOP was monitored by Tonolab, and blood pressure was monitored by tail cuff device. RGC loss was measured in masked axon counts and RGC bodies by β-tubulin labeling. Scleral changes that could modulate RGC injury were measured including axial length, scleral thickness, and retinal layer thicknesses, pressure-strain behavior in inflation testing, and study of angiotensin receptors and pathways by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, Western blot, and immunohistochemistry. Results Losartan treatment prevented significant RGC loss (median loss = 2.5%, p = 0.13), while median loss with water, spironolactone, and enalapril treatments were 26%, 28% and 43%; p < 0.0001). The lower RGC loss with losartan was significantly less than the loss with spironolactone or enalapril (regression model p = 0.001; drug treatment group term p = 0.01). Both losartan and enalapril significantly lowered blood pressure (p< 0.001), but losartan was protective, while enalapril led to worse than water-treated RGC loss. RGC loss after crush injury was unaffected by losartan treatment (difference from control p = 0.9). Survival of RGC in cell culture was not prolonged by sartan treatment. Axonal transport blockade after 3 day IOP elevations was less in losartan-treated than in control glaucoma eyes (p = 0.007). Losartan inhibited effects of glaucoma, including reduction in extracellular signal-related kinase activity and modification of glaucoma-related changes in scleral thickness and creep under controlled IOP. Conclusions The neuroprotective effect of losartan in mouse glaucoma is associated with adaptive changes in the sclera expressed at the optic nerve head.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harry A. Quigley
- The Glaucoma Center of Excellence, Wilmer Ophthalmological Institute, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Ian F. Pitha
- The Glaucoma Center of Excellence, Wilmer Ophthalmological Institute, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Derek S. Welsbie
- The Glaucoma Center of Excellence, Wilmer Ophthalmological Institute, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Cathy Nguyen
- The Glaucoma Center of Excellence, Wilmer Ophthalmological Institute, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Matthew R. Steinhart
- The Glaucoma Center of Excellence, Wilmer Ophthalmological Institute, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Thao D. Nguyen
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Mary Ellen Pease
- The Glaucoma Center of Excellence, Wilmer Ophthalmological Institute, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Ericka N. Oglesby
- The Glaucoma Center of Excellence, Wilmer Ophthalmological Institute, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Cynthia A. Berlinicke
- The Glaucoma Center of Excellence, Wilmer Ophthalmological Institute, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Katherine L. Mitchell
- The Glaucoma Center of Excellence, Wilmer Ophthalmological Institute, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Jessica Kim
- The Glaucoma Center of Excellence, Wilmer Ophthalmological Institute, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Joan J. Jefferys
- The Glaucoma Center of Excellence, Wilmer Ophthalmological Institute, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Elizabeth C. Kimball
- The Glaucoma Center of Excellence, Wilmer Ophthalmological Institute, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
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