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Garcia-Villanueva MJ, Garrote-Corral S, Pego-Reigosa JM, Jiménez Otero N, Uriarte Isazelaia E, Olivé Marqué A, Sangüesa Gómez C, Freire González M, Aurrecoechea Aguinaga E, Raya Álvarez E, Tomero Muriel E, Montilla Morales C, Galindo Izquierdo M, Calvo-Alén J, Menor-Almagro R, Serrano Benavente B, Martinez-Barrio J, Hernández-Beriain JA, Ibañez Barceló M, Bonilla Hernan G, Rosas J, Salgado Pérez E, Fernández-Nebro A, Rua-Figueroa I. Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: data from the Spanish society of rheumathology Lupus Register (RELESSER). Rheumatol Int 2024; 44:2445-2455. [PMID: 39180523 DOI: 10.1007/s00296-024-05684-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/25/2024] [Indexed: 08/26/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage (DAH) is a rare complication with high mortality in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Early diagnosis and treatment are essential to improve patient prognosis. To determine the characteristics of patients with DAH and their mortality in a Spanish cohort of patients with SLE. METHODS Patients from the RELESSER (Spanish Society of Rheumatology Lupus Register) who had had at least one confirmed episode of DAH were included. Epidemiological, clinical, and laboratory characteristics were analyzed. RESULTS 4024 patients were included in the RELESSER register, 37 (0.9%), had at least one recorded episode of DAH. Only further data for 14 patients could be analyzed. In total, 92.9% were women, and for 4 (28.6%) DAH coincided with the debut of SLE. More than 80% of patients had renal involvement and thrombocytopenia. The most frequent manifestations were dyspnea (85.7%) and hypoxemia (100%), with the classic triad of hemoptysis, anemia and pulmonary infiltrates, appearing in 6 (46.2%) patients. The most frequently used treatments were glucocorticoids (85.7%) and cyclophosphamide (69.2%); plasmapheresis was utilized in 5 patients (35.7%) and 8, (57.1%) received intravenous immunoglobulins; 12 (85.7%) patients required admission to the ICU and 5 (35.7%) died. Tobacco use, history of lupus nephritis (LN), concomitant infection, and treatment with cyclophosphamide were more frequent in patients who died. CONCLUSIONS DAH is rare in patients with SLE; in up to one-third of patients, it may appear at the onset of the disease. Some factors, such as smoking, a history of LN, treatment with cyclophosphamide, or concomitant infection, are more prevalent in patients with an unfavorable outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sandra Garrote-Corral
- Rheumatology Department, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, M-607, 9, 100, Madrid, 28034, Spain
| | - Jose María Pego-Reigosa
- Rheumatology Department, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Vigo, Vigo, Spain
- IRIDIS (Investigation in Rheumatology and Immune-Mediated Diseases)-VIGO Group, Galicia Sur Health Research Institute, Vigo, Spain
| | - Norman Jiménez Otero
- IRIDIS (Investigation in Rheumatology and Immune-Mediated Diseases)-VIGO Group, Galicia Sur Health Research Institute, Vigo, Spain
| | | | | | - Clara Sangüesa Gómez
- Rheumatology Department, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mercedes Freire González
- Rheumatology Department, Hospital Juan Canalejo, Hospital Universitario de A Coruña, Coruña, Spain
| | | | | | - Eva Tomero Muriel
- Rheumatology Department, Hospital Universitario la Princesa, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - Jaime Calvo-Alén
- Rheumatology Department, Hospital Universitario Araba, Vitoria, Spain
| | - Raúl Menor-Almagro
- Rheumatology Department Hospital Jerez de la Frontera, Jerez de la Frontera, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Jose Rosas
- Rheumatology Department, Hospital Marina Baixa, Villajoyosa, Alicante, Spain
| | - Eva Salgado Pérez
- Rheumatology Department, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Orense, Orense, Spain
| | - Antonio Fernández-Nebro
- Rheumatology Department, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA)-Plataforma Bionand, Málaga, Spain
| | - Iñigo Rua-Figueroa
- Rheumatology Department, Hospital Universitario de Gran Canaria Dr. Negrín, Las Palmas, Spain
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Rua-Figueroa Fernández de Larrinoa Í, Lozano MJC, Fernández-Cid CM, Cobo T, Salman Monte TC, Freire González M, Hidalgo Bermejo FJ, Román Gutiérrez CS, Cortés-Hernández J. Preventing organ damage in systemic lupus erythematosus: the impact of early biological treatment. Expert Opin Biol Ther 2022; 22:821-829. [PMID: 35815355 DOI: 10.1080/14712598.2022.2096406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION One of the most important aims in the management of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is to avoid or delay the accumulation of organ damage. The first five years after diagnosis are crucial for prognosis. AREAS COVERED This manuscript reviews available data on organ damage accrual in SLE and early therapeutic intervention as a possible strategy to prevent its long-term accrual. EXPERT OPINION Organ damage can be minimized by controlling disease activity and risk of flares, reducing the dose of glucocorticoids, and ensuring a proper therapeutic intervention with an early introduction of the right therapies. The current standard treatment cannot provide clinical remission in all patients with SLE. Therefore, there is a clinical need for introducing new therapeutic strategies able to achieve the main therapeutic objectives. The addition of biologic and other therapeutic agents to the standard of care is effective for controlling disease activity and for preventing severe flares, enabling a reduced use of glucocorticoids, and presumably reducing organ damage progression. Considering its efficacy and safety, early inclusion of biologic agents in the first lines of the treatment algorithm, at least in certain patients, could be considered as an innovative treatment approach to decrease disease burden in SLE patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Tatiana Cobo
- Rheumatology Department, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
| | - Tarek C Salman Monte
- Rheumatology Department, Hospital Universitario Infanta Sofía, San Sebastián de los Reyes, Spain
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Duran E, Yıldırım T, Taghiyeva A, Bilgin E, Arıcı M, Sağlam EA, Özen S, Üner M, Erdem Y, Kalyoncu U, Ertenli AI. Differences and similarities of proliferative and non-proliferative forms of biopsy-proven lupus nephritis: Single centre, cross-disciplinary experience. Lupus 2022; 31:1147-1156. [PMID: 35658643 PMCID: PMC9277329 DOI: 10.1177/09612033221106305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We aimed to compare clinical features, outcomes, treatments, and to define the predictive factors of complete renal response (CRR) in patients with proliferative and non-proliferative lupus nephritis (LN). METHODS Patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) followed between 2014 and 2020 at Hacettepe University Hospitals and who had a kidney biopsy were the subject of the study. One hundered and sixteen patients' kidney biopsies reported as LN were evaluated retrospectively. Clinical characteristics and laboratory values at the time of kidney biopsy, histopathological forms of LN, and renal response (complete or partial) were recorded. We analyzed the association between CRR rates during the 2-year follow-up after induction therapy and the predictive factors for CRR. RESULTS Of 116 (93 females, 23 males) patients, 95 (81.9%) were in the proliferative group (class III and IV) and 21 (18.1%) were in the non-proliferative group (class II and V). In the proliferative group, the percentage of the patients with elevated basal creatinine levels, median daily proteinuria, anti-double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) positivity, low C3 and C4 levels, the presence of active urinary sediment, and median renal SLE Disease Activity Index (SLEDAI) scores at the time of kidney biopsy were significantly higher than the non-proliferative group. Renal response status during the 2-year follow-up after induction therapy was available for 99 patients. During this time, 70 (70.7%) patients had achieved CRR and time-to-CRR was similar between the proliferative and non-proliferative groups (p = 0.64, log-rank test). The Cox proportional hazards model showed that achievement of CRR was associated with female gender [HR: 2.15 (1.19-3.89 95% CI), p = 0.011], newly diagnosed SLE with renal biopsy [HR: 2.15 (1.26-3.67 95% CI), p = 0.005], hypertension [HR: 0.40 (0.27-0.94 95% CI), p = 0.032], eGFR increase [HR: 1.01 (1.00-1.01 95% CI), p = 0.046], and the presence of active urinary sediment [HR: 0.46 (0.22-0.96 95% CI), p = 0.039]. CONCLUSIONS Achieving CRR was similar in proliferative and non-proliferative LN patients, although certain laboratory parameters differed at the onset. Our results indicated the importance of kidney biopsy in the decision-making of treatment of SLE patients with renal involvement and that the defined factors associated with CRR achievement help to predict good renal response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emine Duran
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, RinggoldID:64005Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Tolga Yıldırım
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, RinggoldID:64005Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Arzu Taghiyeva
- Department of Internal Medicine, RinggoldID:64005Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Emre Bilgin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, RinggoldID:64005Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Arıcı
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, RinggoldID:64005Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Emine Arzu Sağlam
- Department of Pathology, RinggoldID:64005Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Seza Özen
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Rheumatology, RinggoldID:64005Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Meral Üner
- Department of Pathology, RinggoldID:64005Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Yunus Erdem
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, RinggoldID:64005Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Umut Kalyoncu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, RinggoldID:64005Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ali Ihsan Ertenli
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, RinggoldID:64005Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
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Tselios K, Gladman DD, Su J, Urowitz MB. Gradual Glucocorticosteroid Withdrawal Is Safe in Clinically Quiescent Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. ACR Open Rheumatol 2021; 3:550-557. [PMID: 34245233 PMCID: PMC8363847 DOI: 10.1002/acr2.11267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) are usually treated with glucocorticosteroids even during periods of clinically quiescent disease. A recent study showed that abrupt glucocorticoid withdrawal was associated with an increased likelihood of flare in the next 12 months. The aim of the present study was to assess clinical flare rates and damage accrual in patients who tapered glucocorticosteroids gradually. Methods Patients from the Toronto Lupus Clinic with 2 consecutive years of clinically quiescent disease were retrieved from the database. Individuals who maintained a low prednisone dose (5 mg/day) comprised the maintenance group, whereas patients who gradually tapered prednisone within these two years comprised the withdrawal group. All individuals were followed for 2 years after prednisone discontinuation or the corresponding date for the maintenance group. Propensity score matching was implemented to adjust for certain baseline differences. Outcomes included clinical flares and damage accrual. Results Of 270 eligible patients, 204 were matched (102 in each group). Flare rate (any increase in clinical SLE Disease Activity Index 2000) was lower in the withdrawal group both at 12 (17.6% versus 29.4%; P = 0.023) and 24 months (33.3% versus 50%; P = 0.01). Moderate to severe flares (requiring systemic treatment escalation) were not different at 12 months (10.8% versus 13.7%; P = 0.467) but were less frequent at 24 months (14.7% versus 27.5%; P = 0.024). Damage accrual was less frequent in the withdrawal group (6.9% versus 17.6%; P = 0.022). No predictors for clinical flares were identified. Conclusion Gradual glucocorticoid withdrawal is safe in clinically quiescent SLE and is associated with fewer clinical flares and less damage accrual at 24 months.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantinos Tselios
- University of Toronto Lupus ClinicCentre of Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic DiseasesUniversity Health NetworkTorontoOntarioCanada
| | - Dafna D. Gladman
- University of Toronto Lupus ClinicCentre of Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic DiseasesUniversity Health NetworkTorontoOntarioCanada
| | - Jiandong Su
- University of Toronto Lupus ClinicCentre of Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic DiseasesUniversity Health NetworkTorontoOntarioCanada
| | - Murray B. Urowitz
- University of Toronto Lupus ClinicCentre of Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic DiseasesUniversity Health NetworkTorontoOntarioCanada
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Riancho-Zarrabeitia L, Martínez-Taboada V, Rúa-Figueroa I, Alonso F, Galindo-Izquierdo M, Ovalles J, Olivé-Marqués A, Fernández-Nebro A, Calvo-Alén J, Menor-Almagro R, Tomero-Muriel E, Uriarte-Isacelaya E, Botenau A, Andres M, Freire-González M, Santos Soler G, Ruiz-Lucea E, Ibáñez-Barceló M, Castellví I, Galisteo C, Quevedo Vila V, Raya E, Narváez-García J, Expósito L, Hernández-Beriaín JA, Horcada L, Aurrecoechea E, Pego-Reigosa JM. Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) implies a more severe disease with more damage accrual and higher mortality. Lupus 2020; 29:1556-1565. [PMID: 32807021 DOI: 10.1177/0961203320950477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL) have been associated with organ damage and certain features in systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE) patients. Our aim was to investigate the differences between SLE patients according to the presence of aPL and/or clinical antiphospholipid syndrome (APS). MATERIALS AND METHODS Patients from the RELESSER-T registry were included. RELESSER-T is a Spanish multicenter, hospital-based, retrospective, SLE registry. RESULTS We included 2398 SLE patients, 1372 of whom were positive for aPL. Overall 1026 patients were classified as SLE, 555 as SLE-APS and817 as SLE-aPL. Regarding cardiovascular risk factors, SLE-APS patients had higher rates of hypertension, dyslipidemia and diabetes than those with SLE-aPL and SLE (p < 0.001). SLE-APS patients showed higher rates of neuropsychiatric, cardiac, pulmonary, renal and ophthalmological manifestations than the other groups (p < 0.001). SLE-APS patients presented greater damage accrual with higher SLICC values (1.9 ± 2.2 in SLE-APS, 0.9 ± 1.4 in SLE-aPL and 1.1 ± 1.6 in SLE, p < 0.001) and more severe disease as defined by the Katz index (3 ± 1.8 in SLE-APS, 2.7 ± 1.7 in SLE-aPL and 2.6 ± 1.6 in SLE, p < 0.001). SLE-APS patients showed higher mortality rates (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS SLE-APS patients exhibited more severe clinical profiles with higher frequencies of major organ involvement, greater damage accrual and higher mortality than SLE-aPL and SLE patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Victor Martínez-Taboada
- Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, IDIVAL, Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, Spain
| | | | - Fernando Alonso
- Unidad de Investigación. Sociedad Española de Reumatología, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Juan Ovalles
- Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Mariano Andres
- Hospital General Universitario de Alicante, Valenciana, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Enrique Raya
- Hospital Universitario Clínico San Cecilio, Andalucía, Spain
| | | | | | | | - Loreto Horcada
- Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Elena Aurrecoechea
- Rheumatology Department, Hospital Sierrallana, IDIVAL, Torrelavega, Spain
| | - Jose M Pego-Reigosa
- Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Vigo IRIDIS Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Galicia Sur (IISGS), Vigo, Spain
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Zhang Y, Liu Q, Yu Y, Wang M, Wen C, He Z. Early and Short-Term Interventions in the Gut Microbiota Affects Lupus Severity, Progression, and Treatment in MRL/lpr Mice. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:628. [PMID: 32346376 PMCID: PMC7171286 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.00628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
There have been attempts to reveal the possible associations between systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and gut microbiota. Using MRL/lpr mice, this study was performed to reveal whether early and short-term interventions in gut microbiota affect lupus. MRL/lpr mice were treated with antibiotics or fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) before onset. Then, prednisone was used to treat the lupus mice with initially different gut microbiota compositions. The compositions of gut microbiota were assessed by the V3-V4 region of 16S rRNA gene sequence. Early and short-term antibiotics exposure aggravated lupus severity by depleting beneficial gut microbiota for lupus, such as Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium, and enriching harmful gut microbiota for lupus, such as Klebsiella and Proteus. FMT alleviated lupus severity by renovating the antibiotic-induced dysbiosis of gut microbiota in the following 1 week after antibiotics exposure. Besides, short-term antibiotics exposure before onset imposed no significant effects on lupus progression, but the following one week of FMT suppressed lupus progression. Moreover, the short-term antibiotics or FMT before onset inhibited the therapeutic efficiency of prednisone on lupus from 9 to 13 weeks old of MRL/lpr mice. These data demonstrate that the gut microbiota before onset is important for lupus severity, progression and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Zhang
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, College of Basic Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qiuping Liu
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, College of Basic Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yiran Yu
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, College of Basic Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Mingzhu Wang
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, College of Basic Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chengping Wen
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, College of Basic Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhixing He
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, College of Basic Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
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Rúa-Figueroa Fernández de Larrinoa I, Pego-Reigosa JM. Contributions of the lupus register of the Spanish Society of Rheumatology (RELESSER) to the knowledge of systemic lupus erythematosus in Spain. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 17:245-249. [PMID: 32205082 DOI: 10.1016/j.reuma.2020.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2019] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The lupus register of the Spanish Society of Rheumatology (RELESSER) is a multicentre register of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) under follow-up by Spanish Rheumatology Services. It contains data on a total of 4024 patients with SLE. So far, 14 studies have been published from the transversal phase of RELESSER. Here we report the more relevant contributions of those studies, according to the authors' perspective, concerning cumulative clinical characteristics, level of activity, treatments, refractory disease, damage and mortality. We also review the main results of the analysis regarding incomplete SLE, lupus nephritis, respiratory manifestations, cardiovascular disease, serious infection, malignancies, fibromyalgia, SLE in males, SLE in Hispanics and juvenile-onset SLE, comparing the main characteristics of each subgroup to the global cohort. RELESSER has become one of the most important clinical SLE registers around the world, with a high yield in terms of knowledge generation about the disease in Spain, also useful for the entire scientific community.
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Cobo-Ibáñez T, Urruticoechea-Arana A, Rúa-Figueroa I, Martín-Martínez MA, Ovalles-Bonilla JG, Galindo M, Calvo-Alén J, Olivé A, Fernández-Nebro A, Menor-Almagro R, Tomero E, Horcada L, Uriarte-Itzazelaia E, Martínez-Taboada VM, Andreu JL, Boteanu A, Narváez J, Bohorquez C, Montilla C, Santos G, Hernández-Cruz B, Vela P, Salgado E, Freire M, Hernández-Beriain JÁ, Díez-Álvarez E, Expósito L, Fernández-Berrizbeitia O, Velloso-Feijoo ML, Ibáñez-Barceló M, Lozano-Rivas N, Bonilla G, Moreno M, Raya E, Quevedo-Vila VE, Vázquez-Rodríguez TR, Ibáñez-Ruan J, Muñoz-Fernández S, Sánchez-Alonso F, Pego-Reigosa JM. Hormonal Dependence and Cancer in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken) 2020; 72:216-224. [PMID: 31529686 DOI: 10.1002/acr.24068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To estimate the incidence and analyze any cancer-associated factors in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), differentiating between hormone-sensitive (HS) and non-HS cancers. METHODS This was a retrospective multicenter study of a patient cohort from the Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Registry of the Spanish Society of Rheumatology. Included were the first cancer post-SLE diagnosis, clinical and sociodemographic information, cumulative damage, severity, comorbidities, treatments, and refractoriness. Cancers were classified as HS (prostate, breast, endometrium, and ovarian) and non-HS (the remainder). The standardized incidence ratio (SIR) was calculated and logistic regression models were built. RESULTS A total of 3,539 patients (90.4% women) were included, 154 of whom had cancer (91% female), and 44 had HS cancer (100% female). The cancer SIR was 1.37 (95% confidence interval [95% CI] 1.15-1.59), with higher values in women age <65 years (SIR 2.38 [95% CI 1.84-2.91]). The SIR in women with HS versus non-HS cancer was 1.02 (95% CI 0.13-1.91) and 1.93 (95% CI 0.98-2.89). In HS versus non-HS cancers, SLE diagnostic age (odds ratio [OR] 1.04 [P = 0.002] versus 1.04 [P = 0.019]), and period of disease evolution (OR 1.01 [P < 0.001] versus 1.00 [P = 0.029]) were associated with cancer. The Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics/American College of Rheumatology Damage Index (OR 1.27 [P = 0.022]) and angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor prescriptions (OR 2.87 [P = 0.048]) were associated with non-HS cancers. CONCLUSION Cancer incidence in patients with SLE was higher than in the Spanish population, particularly among young women. This increase might be due to non-HS cancers, which would be associated with SLE involving greater cumulative damage where more ACE inhibitors are prescribed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Jaime Calvo-Alén
- Hospital Universitario Araba, Universidad del País Vasco, Vitoria, Spain
| | - Alejandro Olivé
- Hospital Universitario Germans Trias i Pujol, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | - Eva Tomero
- Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | | | - José Luis Andreu
- Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro-Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Paloma Vela
- Hospital General Universitario Alicante, Universidad Miguel Hernández, Alicante, Spain
| | - Eva Salgado
- Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Orense, Orense, Spain
| | - Mercedes Freire
- Complejo Hospitalario Universitario A Coruña, A Coruña, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Enrique Raya
- Hospital Universitario San Cecilio, Granada, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | | - José María Pego-Reigosa
- Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Vigo, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Vigo, Vigo, Spain
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Tejera Segura B, Rua-Figueroa I, Pego-Reigosa JM, del Campo V, Wincup C, Isenberg D, Rahman A. Can we validate a clinical score to predict the risk of severe infection in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus? A longitudinal retrospective study in a British Cohort. BMJ Open 2019; 9:e028697. [PMID: 31203250 PMCID: PMC6589043 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2018-028697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Severe infections are a major cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Our primary objective was to use data from a large Spanish cohort to develop a risk score for severe infection in SLE, the SLE Severe Infection Score (SLESIS) and to validate SLESIS in a separate cohort of 699 British patients. DESIGN AND SETTING Retrospective longitudinal study in a specialist tertiary care clinic in London, UK. PARTICIPANTS Patients fulfilling international classification criteria for SLE (n=209). This included 98 patients who had suffered severe infections (defined as infection leading to hospitalisation and/or death) and 111 randomly selected patients who had never suffered severe infections. OUTCOMES We retrospectively calculated SLESIS at diagnosis for all 209 patients. For the infection cases we also calculated SLESIS just prior to infection and compared it to SLESIS in 98 controls matched for disease duration. We carried out receiver operator characteristic (ROC) analysis to quantify predictive value of SLESIS for severe infection. RESULTS Median SLESIS (IQR) at diagnosis was higher in the infection group than in the control group (4.27 (3.18) vs 2.55 (3.79), p=0.0008). Median SLESIS prior to infection was higher than at diagnosis (6.64 vs 4.27, p<0.001). In ROC analysis, predictive value of SLESIS just before the infection (area under the curve (AUC)=0.79) was higher than that of SLESIS at diagnosis (AUC=0.63). CONCLUSIONS We validated the association of SLESIS with severe infection in an independent cohort. Calculation of SLESIS at each clinic visit may help in management of infection risk in patients with SLE. Prospective studies are needed to confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Iñigo Rua-Figueroa
- Rheumatology Department, Doctor Negrín University Hospital of Gran Canaria, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
- RELESSER Study Group, Spain
| | - Jose Maria Pego-Reigosa
- Rheumatology Department, University Hospital Vigo, IRIDIS Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Galicia Sur (IISGS), Vigo, Spain
- RELESSER Study Group, Spain
| | - Victor del Campo
- Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology Department, University Hospital Vigo, IRIDIS Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Galicia Sur (IISGS), Vigo, Spain
| | - Chris Wincup
- Centre for Rheumatology Research, University College London, London, UK
| | - David Isenberg
- Centre for Rheumatology Research, University College London, London, UK
| | - Anisur Rahman
- Centre for Rheumatology Research, University College London, London, UK
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Xiong WW, Boone JB, Wheless L, Chung CP, Crofford LJ, Barnado A. Real-world electronic health record identifies antimalarial underprescribing in patients with lupus nephritis. Lupus 2019; 28:977-985. [PMID: 31189414 DOI: 10.1177/0961203319856088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Antimalarials (AMs) reduce disease activity and improve survival in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), but studies have reported low AM prescribing frequencies. Using a real-world electronic health record cohort, we examined if patient or provider characteristics impacted AM prescribing. We identified 977 SLE cases, 94% of whom were ever prescribed an AM. Older patients and patients with SLE nephritis were less likely to be on AMs. Current age (odds ratio = 0.97, p < 0.01) and nephritis (odds ratio = 0.16, p < 0.01) were both significantly associated with ever AM use after adjustment for sex and race. Of the 244 SLE nephritis cases, only 63% were currently on AMs. SLE nephritis subjects who were currently prescribed AMs were more likely to be followed by a rheumatologist than a nephrologist and less likely to have undergone dialysis or renal transplant (both p < 0.001). Non-current versus current SLE nephritis AM users had higher serum creatinine (p < 0.001), higher urine protein (p = 0.05), and lower hemoglobin levels (p < 0.01). As AMs reduce disease damage and improve survival in patients with SLE, our results demonstrate an opportunity to target future efforts to improve prescribing rates among multi-specialty providers.
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Affiliation(s)
- W W Xiong
- 1 Department of Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, USA
| | - J B Boone
- 2 Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, USA
| | - L Wheless
- 3 Department of Dermatology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, USA
| | - C P Chung
- 2 Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, USA
| | - L J Crofford
- 2 Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, USA
| | - A Barnado
- 2 Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, USA
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11
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Peschken CA, Wang Y, Abrahamowicz M, Pope J, Silverman E, Sayani A, Iczkovitz S, Ross J, Zummer M, Tucker L, Pineau C, Levy D, Hudson M, Hitchon CA, Huber AM, Smith CD, Avina-Zubieta A, Arbillaga H, Chédeville G, Wynant W, Fortin PR. Persistent Disease Activity Remains a Burden for Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. J Rheumatol 2018; 46:166-175. [DOI: 10.3899/jrheum.171454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Objective.Persistent systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) disease activity is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. In a multicenter cohort of patients with prevalent SLE, we described persistence, patterns, and predictors of change in disease activity over time.Methods.Based on SLE Disease Activity Index (SLEDAI)-2K scores at cohort entry, patients were classified into 4 groups: low (score < 4; LOW), moderate (4 to < 6; MOD), moderately high (6 to ≤ 10; MHIGH), and very high (> 10; VHIGH). Multivariable linear and longitudinal mixed linear regression models were used to identify predictors of change over time in SLEDAI-2K.Results.There were 2019 participants, with declining followup data over 5 years (1326, 580, 274, 186, and 148 patients, respectively). At cohort entry, mean (± SD) age was 42 (± 17) years, disease duration 11 (± 10) years, and 90% were female. The 4 groups included 44% LOW (n = 891), 20% MOD (n = 400), 22% MHIGH (n = 442), and 14% VHIGH (n = 286); therefore, 36% had clinically important SLE activity. The proportion of patients in the LOW group at entry who moved to a higher activity level varied from 30% (167/557) at 1 year, to 49% (41/83) at 3 years, and 54% (30/56) at 5 years. Among 181 patients with MOD to VHIGH entry activity and 3 years of followup, 116 (64.1%) remained active. In all analyses, only higher SLEDAI-2K at cohort entry remained a significant predictor of higher SLEDAI-2K in subsequent years.Conclusion.Higher SLEDAI-2K at study entry was the single major independent predictor of higher SLEDAI-2K over time, reflecting frequent persistence of active disease, even in patients with longstanding disease. This highlights gaps in the optimal treatment of SLE.
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12
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Merrill JT, Manzi S, Aranow C, Askanase A, Bruce I, Chakravarty E, Chong B, Costenbader K, Dall'Era M, Ginzler E, Hanrahan L, Kalunian K, Merola J, Raymond S, Rovin B, Saxena A, Werth VP. Lupus community panel proposals for optimising clinical trials: 2018. Lupus Sci Med 2018; 5:e000258. [PMID: 29657738 PMCID: PMC5894527 DOI: 10.1136/lupus-2018-000258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2018] [Revised: 02/06/2018] [Accepted: 02/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Formidable impediments stand in the way of treatment development for lupus. These include the unwieldy size of current trials, international competition for scarce patients, complex outcome measures and a poor understanding of these outcomes in the world at large. The heterogeneity of the disease itself coupled to superimposition of variegated background polypharmacy has created enough immunological noise to virtually ensure the failure of lupus treatment trials, leaving an understandable suspicion that at least some of the results in testing failed drugs over the years may not have been negative, but merely uninterpretable. The authors have consulted with many clinical trial investigators, biopharmaceutical developers and stakeholders from government and voluntary sectors. This paper examines the available evidence that supports workable trial designs and proposes approaches to improve the odds of completing interpretable treatment development programs for lupus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joan T Merrill
- Arthritis & Clinical Immunology Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Susan Manzi
- Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Cynthia Aranow
- Autoimmune and Musculoskeletal Disease, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York, USA
| | - Anca Askanase
- Columbia University Medical Center, New York City, New York, USA
| | - Ian Bruce
- University of Manchester, Manchester, England, UK
| | - Eliza Chakravarty
- Arthritis & Clinical Immunology Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Ben Chong
- Department of Dermatology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Karen Costenbader
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Ellen Ginzler
- Department of Medicine, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York, USA
| | - Leslie Hanrahan
- Research and Education, Lupus Foundation of America, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Ken Kalunian
- Rheumatology, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, USA
| | - Joseph Merola
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Sandra Raymond
- Lupus Foundation of America, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Brad Rovin
- Internal Medicine/Nephrology, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Amit Saxena
- Rheumatology, New York University, New York City, New York, USA
| | - Victoria P Werth
- Department of Dermatology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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13
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Teke HÜ, Cansu DÜ, Korkmaz C. Detailed features of hematological involvement and medication-induced cytopenia in systemic lupus erythematosus patients: single center results of 221 patients. Eur J Rheumatol 2017. [PMID: 28638678 DOI: 10.5152/eurjrheum.2017.160086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) may affect a number of systems, with the hematological system being one of the most common. Our aim is to determine the existence of cytopenia at diagnosis or during follow-up of our SLE patients as well as the associated factors. MATERIAL AND METHODS A cohort of SLE patients that had been followed-up in the Department of Rheumotology from 1998 to 2015 was retrospectively assessed. Clinical and laboratory findings about the patients were recorded. RESULTS Out of 221 patients composing the cohort, cytopenia was already present in 83.3% (n=184) at the time of diagnosis. Anemia was detected in 56.1% (n=124), leukopenia in 28.9% (n=64), lymphopenia in 76% (n=168), neutropenia in 4.5% (n=10), and thrombocytopenia in 17.2% (n=38) of patients. The proportion of patients with cumulative cytopenia was 90% (n=199). Cumulative cytopenia was disease-related in 83.4% (n=166) and medication-related in 16.6% (n=33) of the patients. In cases of drug-induced cytopenia, azathioprine was the most frequently prescribed drug. In patients with cytopenia at the time of diagnosis, erythrocyte sedimentation rates (ESR) were higher, C3 and C4 hypocomplementemia was more prevalent, and they were positive for anti-ds-DNA at a greater proportion (p<0.001, p=0.015, p=0.028, and p=0.019, respectively). Moreover, photosensitivity, renal involvement, and antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) were detected more frequently in patients with cytopenia at the time of diagnosis. There was no difference between the two patient sets in terms of other organ involvement (p>0.05). CONCLUSION The most common hematological disorders in SLE patients are lymphopenia and anemia, and patients must be further examined for APS and renal involvement if they suffer cytopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hava Üsküdar Teke
- Division of Rheumatology Department of Internal Medicine, Eskişehir Osmangazi University, Eskişehir, Turkey
| | - Döndü Üsküdar Cansu
- Division of Rheumatology Department of Internal Medicine, Eskişehir Osmangazi University, Eskişehir, Turkey
| | - Cengiz Korkmaz
- Division of Rheumatology Department of Internal Medicine, Eskişehir Osmangazi University, Eskişehir, Turkey
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Perez-Guerrero EE, Gamez-Nava JI, Muñoz-Valle JF, Cardona-Muñoz EG, Bonilla-Lara D, Fajardo-Robledo NS, Nava-Zavala AH, Garcia-Cobian TA, Rincón-Sánchez AR, Murillo-Vazquez JD, Cardona-Müller D, Vazquez-Villegas ML, Totsuka-Sutto SE, Gonzalez-Lopez L. Serum levels of P-glycoprotein and persistence of disease activity despite treatment in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Clin Exp Med 2017; 18:109-117. [PMID: 28243944 DOI: 10.1007/s10238-017-0459-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2016] [Accepted: 02/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Around 25% of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) could be refractory to conventional therapies. P-glycoprotein expression on cell surface has been implied on drug resistance, however, to date, it is unknown if P-gp serum levels are associated with SLE disease activity. Evaluate the association of serum P-gp levels and SLE with disease activity despite treatment. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 93 female SLE patients, all receiving glucocorticoids at stable doses for the previous 6 months before to baseline. SLE patients were classified into two groups: (a) patients with active disease [SLE disease activity index (SLEDAI) ≥ 3] despite treatment, and (b) patients with inactive disease (SLEDAI < 3) after treatment. Forty-three healthy females comprised the control group. Serum P-gp, anti-DNA, and both anti-nucleosome antibody levels were measured using ELISA. Active-SLE patients despite treatment had higher P-gp levels compared with inactive-SLE after treatment (78.02 ng/mL ± 114.11 vs. 33.75 ng/mL ± 41.11; p = 0.018) or versus reference group subjects (30.56 ng/mL ± 28.92; p = 0.011). P-gp levels correlated with the scores of SLEDAI (r = 0.26; p = 0.01), Mexican-SLEDAI (MEX-SLEDAI) (r = 0.32; p = 0.002), SLICC/ACR damage index (r = 0.47; p < 0.001), and with prednisone doses (r = 0.33; p = 0.001). In the multivariate model, the high P-gp levels were associated with SLICC/ACR score (p = 0.001), and SLEDAI score (p = 0.014). Our findings support a relationship between serum P-gp levels and SLE with disease activity despite treatment, but it requires further validation in longitudinal studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edsaul Emilio Perez-Guerrero
- Programa de Doctorado en Farmacologia, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud (CUCS), Universidad de Guadalajara, Sierra Mojada 950, Col. Independencia, 44340, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Jorge Ivan Gamez-Nava
- Programa de Doctorado en Farmacologia, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud (CUCS), Universidad de Guadalajara, Sierra Mojada 950, Col. Independencia, 44340, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico.,Unidad de Investigación Biomédica 02 (UIEC), UMAE Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Avenida Belisario Domínguez 1000, Col. Independencia Oriente, 44340, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Jose Francisco Muñoz-Valle
- Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Biomédicas, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud (CUCS), Universidad de Guadalajara, Sierra Mojada 950, Col. Independencia, 44340, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Ernesto German Cardona-Muñoz
- Departamento de Fisiología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud (CUCS), Universidad de Guadalajara, Sierra Mojada 950, Col. Independencia, 44340, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - David Bonilla-Lara
- Programa de Doctorado en Farmacologia, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud (CUCS), Universidad de Guadalajara, Sierra Mojada 950, Col. Independencia, 44340, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Nicte Selene Fajardo-Robledo
- Laboratorio de Investigación y Desarrollo Farmacéutico, Centro Universitario de Ciencias Exactas e Ingenierías, Universidad de Guadalajara, Blvd. Marcelino García Barragán 421, 44430, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Arnulfo Hernan Nava-Zavala
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica 02 (UIEC), UMAE Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Avenida Belisario Domínguez 1000, Col. Independencia Oriente, 44340, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico.,Departamento de Inmunología y Reumatología, Hospital General de Occidente, Secretaria de Salud, Av Zoquipan 1050, Seattle, 45170, Zapopan, Jalisco, Mexico.,Programa Internacional de Medicina, Universidad de Autónoma de Guadalajara, Av. Patria 1201, Col. Lomas del Valle, 45129, Zapopan, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Teresa Arcelia Garcia-Cobian
- Departamento de Fisiología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud (CUCS), Universidad de Guadalajara, Sierra Mojada 950, Col. Independencia, 44340, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Ana Rosa Rincón-Sánchez
- Programa de Doctorado en Farmacologia, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud (CUCS), Universidad de Guadalajara, Sierra Mojada 950, Col. Independencia, 44340, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Jessica Daniela Murillo-Vazquez
- Programa de Doctorado en Farmacologia, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud (CUCS), Universidad de Guadalajara, Sierra Mojada 950, Col. Independencia, 44340, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - David Cardona-Müller
- Departamento de Fisiología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud (CUCS), Universidad de Guadalajara, Sierra Mojada 950, Col. Independencia, 44340, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Maria Luisa Vazquez-Villegas
- Programa de Doctorado en Farmacologia, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud (CUCS), Universidad de Guadalajara, Sierra Mojada 950, Col. Independencia, 44340, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico.,Unidad Médica Familiar 4 y 8, Departamento de Epidemiologia, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Fidel Velázquez Sánchez 1531, Atemajac del Valle, 44218, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Sylvia Elena Totsuka-Sutto
- Departamento de Fisiología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud (CUCS), Universidad de Guadalajara, Sierra Mojada 950, Col. Independencia, 44340, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Laura Gonzalez-Lopez
- Programa de Doctorado en Farmacologia, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud (CUCS), Universidad de Guadalajara, Sierra Mojada 950, Col. Independencia, 44340, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico. .,Departamento de Medicina Interna-Reumatología, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Hospital General Regional 110, Av Circunvalación Oblatos 2208, Colonia Circunvalación Oblatos, 44716, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico. .,, Avenida Salto del Agua 2192, Colonia Jardines del Country, 44210, Guadalajara, Mexico.
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15
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Chang CM, Wu PC, Chiang JH, Wei YH, Chen FP, Chen TJ, Pan TL, Yen HR, Chang HH. Integrative therapy decreases the risk of lupus nephritis in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: A population-based retrospective cohort study. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2017; 196:201-212. [PMID: 27974236 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2016.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2016] [Revised: 11/04/2016] [Accepted: 12/10/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Evidence on alleviating the risk of lupus nephritis by integrative therapy with conventional medicine (CM) and herbal medicine (HM) had not been addressed. AIM OF THE STUDY We investigated the integrative effect associated the risk by a retrospective Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) cohort from Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD). MATERIALS AND METHODS SLE patients with a catastrophic illness certificate (CIC) were retrospectively enrolled from the SLE cohort of the Taiwan NHIRD between 1997 and 2011. The patients were divided into an integrative medicine (IM: integrated CM plus HM) and a non-IM (CM only) group with 1:1 propensity score matching. Cox proportional regression model and the Kaplan-Meier method were conducted to estimate the hazard ratio (HR) for lupus nephritis in the cohort. RESULTS Among 16,645 newly diagnosed SLE patients holding a CIC (SLE/CIC), 1933 had received HM and 1571 had received no HM treatment. After propensity score matching, there were 273 patients with lupus nephritis-120 in the IM group and 153 in the non-IM group. The adjusted HR (0.68, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.54-0.87, p<0.01) for lupus nephritis was lower in the IM group than in the non-IM group. The adjusted HR (0.69, 95% CI: 0.54-0.88, p<0.001) for lupus nephritis was also lower in the group of patients who had received CM plus HM than in the group that received CM only. The core pattern of HM prescriptions, which were integrated with CM for preventing lupus nephritis, was "Sheng-Di-Huang" (raw Rehmannia glutinosa Libosch.), "Mu-Dan-Pi" (Paeonia suffruticosa Andr.), "Dan-Shan" (Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge.), "Zhi-Bo-Di-Huang-Wan.", and "Chi-Shao" (Paeoniae lactiflorae Rubra). CONCLUSION Integrative therapy decreased the risk of lupus nephritis among SLE patients in Taiwan. Further investigation of the pharmacological mechanism and clinical efficacy are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ching-Mao Chang
- Center for Traditional Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC; Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, and Graduate Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Po-Chang Wu
- Division of Rheumatology and Immunology and Department of Education, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Jen-Huai Chiang
- Management Office for Health Data, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC; College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC; Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yau-Huei Wei
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC; Department of Medicine, Mackay Medical College, New Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Fang-Pey Chen
- Center for Traditional Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC; Institute of Traditional Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Tzeng-Ji Chen
- Department of Family Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC; Institute of Hospital and Health Care Administration, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Tai-Long Pan
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan, ROC; Research Center for Industry of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan, Taiwan, ROC; Liver Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Hung-Rong Yen
- Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, and School of Chinese Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC; Departments of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC; Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC.
| | - Hen-Hong Chang
- Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, and School of Chinese Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC; Research Center for Chinese Medicine & Acupuncture, and School of Post-Baccalaureate Chinese Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC; Departments of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC.
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16
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Mino Y, Naito T, Shimoyama K, Ogawa N, Kawakami J. Mycophenolic acid exposure and complement fraction C3 influence inosine 5'-monophosphate dehydrogenase activity in systemic lupus erythematosus. Ann Clin Biochem 2016; 54:490-494. [PMID: 27538768 DOI: 10.1177/0004563216667753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Background Mycophenolate mofetil has recently been reported to be effective against systemic lupus erythematosus. The influence of the pharmacokinetics of mycophenolic acid, the active form of mycophenolate mofetil and the major inactive mycophenolic acid phenolic glucuronide on the activity of the target enzyme inosine 5'-monophosphate dehydrogenase, is expected to be revealed. The aim of this study was to identify the factors associated with inosine 5'-monophosphate dehydrogenase activity in systemic lupus erythematosus patients. Methods Fifty systemic lupus erythematosus patients in remission maintenance phase (29 received mycophenolate mofetil [MMF+] and 21 did not [MMF-]) were enrolled. Median and interquartile range of dose of mycophenolate mofetil were 1500 and 1000-1500 mg/day, respectively. Stepwise multiple linear regression analysis was performed to assess the dependence between inosine 5'-monophosphate dehydrogenase activity and 25 predictor values including predose plasma concentrations of free mycophenolic acid and mycophenolic acid phenolic glucuronide. Results Median and interquartile range of predose total plasma concentrations of mycophenolic acid and mycophenolic acid phenolic glucuronide were 2.73 and 1.43-5.73 and 25.5 and 13.1-54.7 µg/mL, respectively. Predose inosine 5'-monophosphate dehydrogenase activity was significantly higher in MMF+ than MMF- patients (median 38.3 and 20.6 nmoL xanthosine 5'-monophosphate/g haemoglobin/h, P<0.01). The plasma concentration of free mycophenolic acid phenolic glucuronide, complement fraction C3 and body weight were significant predictors accounting for interindividual variability in the inosine 5'-monophosphate dehydrogenase activity (adjusted R2 = 0.52, P < 0.01) in a multivariate analysis. Conclusions Predose inosine 5'-monophosphate dehydrogenase activity was higher in systemic lupus erythematosus patients receiving mycophenolate mofetil therapy. Inosine 5'-monophosphate dehydrogenase activity may be determined by mycophenolic acid exposure and complement fraction C3 in systemic lupus erythematosus patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuaki Mino
- 1 Department of Hospital Pharmacy, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Takafumi Naito
- 1 Department of Hospital Pharmacy, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Kumiko Shimoyama
- 2 Department of Rheumatology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Noriyoshi Ogawa
- 2 Department of Rheumatology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Junichi Kawakami
- 1 Department of Hospital Pharmacy, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Shizuoka, Japan
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17
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Lourdudoss C, Hafström I, Frostegård J, van Vollenhoven R. The association between diet and glucocorticoid treatment in patients with SLE. Lupus Sci Med 2016; 3:e000135. [PMID: 26848399 PMCID: PMC4731837 DOI: 10.1136/lupus-2015-000135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2015] [Revised: 12/07/2015] [Accepted: 12/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Background Some studies suggest that the risk for and severity of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) can be modified by certain nutrients. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between diet and glucocorticoid (GC) treatment, as a proxy for disease activity, in patients with SLE. Methods We included 111 patients with SLE from the SLE Vascular Impact Cohort (SLEVIC). Dietary data were linked with data on GC treatment during a 2-year period. The association between diet and GC treatment was analysed with logistic regression. GC treatment and unchanged/increased doses were considered a proxy for active SLE. Results During the 2-year period, 54 patients (48.6%) had continued GC treatment. Dietary vitamin D was associated with GC treatment (OR=2.70–2.85 (95% CI 1.00 to 8.11)), whereas alcohol was inversely associated with GC treatment (OR=0.28–0.39 (95% CI 0.10 to 98)). Beta-carotene, fatty acid C18:2 and vitamin B6 were inversely associated with unchanged/increased GC dose (OR=0.29–0.30 (95% CI 0.10 to 0.90)). Finally, total energy intake was associated with GC doses >5.0 mg/day and >7.5 mg/day, explaining a direct association between 35 nutrients and higher GC dose levels (OR=2.98–23.82 (95% CI 1.01 to 203.88)). Discussion Dietary vitamin D did not protect against lupus activity. Beta-carotene, fatty acid C18:2 and vitamin B6 may protect against increased GC dose. The inverse association between alcohol intake and GC treatment/lupus activity may provide a partial explanation for the link between moderate alcohol intake and reduced risk of SLE. The association between higher dietary intake and higher GC dose levels indicated GC's influence on increasing appetite.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ingiäld Hafström
- Department of Medicine Huddinge , Karolinska Institutet , Stockholm , Sweden
| | - Johan Frostegård
- Department of Environmental Medicine , Karolinska Institutet , Stockholm , Sweden
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