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Janoski JR, Aiello I, Lundberg CW, Finkielstein CV. Circadian clock gene polymorphisms implicated in human pathologies. Trends Genet 2024:S0168-9525(24)00110-0. [PMID: 38871615 DOI: 10.1016/j.tig.2024.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
Circadian rhythms, ~24 h cycles of physiological and behavioral processes, can be synchronized by external signals (e.g., light) and persist even in their absence. Consequently, dysregulation of circadian rhythms adversely affects the well-being of the organism. This timekeeping system is generated and sustained by a genetically encoded endogenous mechanism composed of interlocking transcriptional/translational feedback loops that generate rhythmic expression of core clock genes. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and forward genetic studies show that SNPs in clock genes influence gene regulation and correlate with the risk of developing various conditions. We discuss genetic variations in core clock genes that are associated with various phenotypes, their implications for human health, and stress the need for thorough studies in this domain of circadian regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesse R Janoski
- Integrated Cellular Responses Laboratory, Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at VTC, Virginia Tech, Roanoke, VA, USA; Department of Biological Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Ignacio Aiello
- Integrated Cellular Responses Laboratory, Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at VTC, Virginia Tech, Roanoke, VA, USA
| | - Clayton W Lundberg
- Integrated Cellular Responses Laboratory, Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at VTC, Virginia Tech, Roanoke, VA, USA; Academy of Integrated Sciences, College of Science, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Carla V Finkielstein
- Integrated Cellular Responses Laboratory, Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at VTC, Virginia Tech, Roanoke, VA, USA; Department of Biological Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA; Molecular Diagnostics Laboratory, Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at VTC, Virginia Tech, Roanoke, VA, USA; Academy of Integrated Sciences, College of Science, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA.
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Shen L, Han M, Luo X, Zhang Q, Xu H, Wang J, Wei N, Liu Q, Wang G, Zhou F. Exacerbating effects of circadian rhythm disruption on the systemic lupus erythematosus. Lupus Sci Med 2024; 11:e001109. [PMID: 38599669 PMCID: PMC11015241 DOI: 10.1136/lupus-2023-001109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Circadian rhythm disruption (CRD) has been associated with inflammation and immune disorders, but its role in SLE progression is unclear. We aimed to investigate the impact of circadian rhythms on immune function and inflammation and their contribution to SLE progression to lupus nephritis (LN). METHODS This study retrospectively analysed the clinical characteristics and transcriptional profiles of 373 samples using bioinformatics and machine-learning methods. A flare risk score (FRS) was established to predict overall disease progression for patients with lupus. Mendelian randomisation was used to analyse the causal relationship between CRD and SLE progression. RESULTS Abnormalities in the circadian pathway were detected in patients with SLE, and lower enrichment levels suggested a disease state (normalised enrichment score=0.6714, p=0.0062). The disruption of circadian rhythms was found to be closely linked to lupus flares, with the FRS showing a strong ability to predict disease progression (area under the curve (AUC) of 5-year prediction: 0.76). The accuracy of disease prediction was improved by using a prognostic nomogram based on FRS (AUC=0.77). Additionally, Mendelian randomisation analysis revealed an inverse causal relationship between CRD and SLE (OR 0.6284 (95% CI 0.3630 to 1.0881), p=0.0485) and a positive causal relationship with glomerular disorders (OR 0.0337 (95% CI 1.634e-3 to 6.934e-1), p=0.0280). CONCLUSION Our study reveals that genetic characteristics arising from CRD can serve as biomarkers for predicting the exacerbation of SLE. This highlights the crucial impact of CRD on the progression of lupus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luping Shen
- Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Mo Han
- Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuan Luo
- Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Qixiang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Huanke Xu
- Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Wang
- Jiangsu Renocell Biotech Co Ltd, Nanjing, China
| | - Ning Wei
- Jiangsu Renocell Biotech Co Ltd, Nanjing, China
| | - Qing Liu
- Jiangsu Renocell Biotech Co Ltd, Nanjing, China
| | - Guangji Wang
- Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Fang Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
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Weintraub Y, Cohen S, Yerushalmy-Feler A, Chapnik N, Tsameret S, Anafy A, Damari E, Ben-Tov A, Shamir R, Froy O. Circadian clock gene disruption in white blood cells of patients with celiac disease. Biochimie 2024; 219:51-54. [PMID: 37524198 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2023.07.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
Clock gene disruption has been reported in inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. Specifically, it has been shown that clock gene expression is down-regulated in intestinal tissue and peripheral blood mononuclear cells of patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). We aimed to determine the systemic expression of the circadian clock genes in newly diagnosed untreated, young patients with celiac disease (CeD). We prospectively enrolled patients younger than 20 years old who underwent diagnostic endoscopic procedures either for CeD diagnosis or due to other gastrointestinal complaints, at the pediatric and adult gastroenterology units, the Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center from 8/2016-8/2022. Demographic data, anthropometric parameters, and endoscopic macroscopic and microscopic findings were obtained. Blood samples were obtained to determine tissue transglutaminase (tTG) and core clock gene (CLOCK, BMAL1, PER1, PER2, CRY1, CRY2) expression in white blood cells (WBC). Thirty individuals were analyzed (18 with newly diagnosed CeD and 12 controls). Expression of the clock genes CLOCK, BMAL1, CRY2, PER1 and PER2 was significantly reduced in CeD patients compared to controls, while CRY1 did not differ between the groups. In conclusion, newly diagnosed, untreated, young patients with CeD have reduced clock gene expression in WBC compared to controls. These results suggest that, in CeD, the inflammatory response is associated with systemic disruption of clock gene expression, as is manifested in other inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. CLINICALTRIALS.GOV IDENTIFIER: NCT03662646.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Weintraub
- Institute of Gastroenterology, Nutrition and Liver Diseases, Schneider Children's Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel; Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - S Cohen
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; Institute of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Dana-Dwek Children's Hospital, Sourasky Tel-Aviv Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - A Yerushalmy-Feler
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; Institute of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Dana-Dwek Children's Hospital, Sourasky Tel-Aviv Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - N Chapnik
- Institute of Biochemistry, Food Science and Nutrition, The Robert H Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University, Rehovot, Israel
| | - S Tsameret
- Institute of Biochemistry, Food Science and Nutrition, The Robert H Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University, Rehovot, Israel
| | - A Anafy
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; Institute of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Dana-Dwek Children's Hospital, Sourasky Tel-Aviv Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - E Damari
- Institute of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Dana-Dwek Children's Hospital, Sourasky Tel-Aviv Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - A Ben-Tov
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; Institute of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Dana-Dwek Children's Hospital, Sourasky Tel-Aviv Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - R Shamir
- Institute of Gastroenterology, Nutrition and Liver Diseases, Schneider Children's Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel; Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - O Froy
- Institute of Biochemistry, Food Science and Nutrition, The Robert H Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University, Rehovot, Israel.
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Lin Y, He L, Cai Y, Wang X, Wang S, Li F. The role of circadian clock in regulating cell functions: implications for diseases. MedComm (Beijing) 2024; 5:e504. [PMID: 38469551 PMCID: PMC10925886 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024] Open
Abstract
The circadian clock system orchestrates daily behavioral and physiological rhythms, facilitating adaptation to environmental and internal oscillations. Disruptions in circadian rhythms have been linked to increased susceptibility to various diseases and can exacerbate existing conditions. This review delves into the intricate regulation of diurnal gene expression and cell function by circadian clocks across diverse tissues. . Specifically, we explore the rhythmicity of gene expressions, behaviors, and functions in both immune and non-immune cells, elucidating the regulatory effects and mechanisms imposed by circadian clocks. A detailed discussion is centered on elucidating the complex functions of circadian clocks in regulating key cellular signaling pathways. We further review the circadian regulation in diverse diseases, with a focus on inflammatory diseases, cancers, and systemic diseases. By highlighting the intimate interplay between circadian clocks and diseases, especially through clock-controlled cell function, this review contributes to the development of novel disease intervention strategies. This enhanced understanding holds significant promise for the design of targeted therapies that can exploit the circadian regulation mechanisms for improved treatment efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanke Lin
- Infectious Diseases InstituteGuangzhou Eighth People's HospitalGuangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Guangdong TCRCure Biopharma Technology Co., Ltd.GuangzhouChina
| | | | - Yuting Cai
- School of Pharmaceutical SciencesGuangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhouChina
| | - Xiaokang Wang
- Department of PharmacyShenzhen Longhua District Central HospitalShenzhenChina
| | - Shuai Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical SciencesGuangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhouChina
| | - Feng Li
- Infectious Diseases InstituteGuangzhou Eighth People's HospitalGuangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
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Akhil A, Bansal R, Anupam K, Tandon A, Bhatnagar A. Systemic lupus erythematosus: latest insight into etiopathogenesis. Rheumatol Int 2023:10.1007/s00296-023-05346-x. [PMID: 37226016 DOI: 10.1007/s00296-023-05346-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a complex autoimmune disorder of unknown etiology. Multifactorial interaction among various susceptible factors such as environmental, hormonal, and genetic factors makes it more heterogeneous and complex. Genetic and epigenetic modifications have been realized to regulate the immunobiology of lupus through environmental modifications such as diet and nutrition. Although these interactions may vary from population to population, the understanding of these risk factors can enhance the perception of the mechanistic basis of lupus etiology. To recognize the recent advances in lupus, an electronic search was conducted among search engines such as Google Scholar and PubMed, where we found about 30.4% publications of total studies related to genetics and epigenetics, 33.5% publications related to immunobiology and 34% related to environmental factors. These outcomes suggested that management of diet and lifestyle have a direct relationship with the severity of lupus that influence via modulating the complex interaction among genetics and immunobiology. The present review emphasizes the knowledge about the multifactorial interactions between various susceptible factors based on recent advances that will further update the understanding of mechanisms involved in disease pathoetiology. Knowledge of these mechanisms will further assist in the creation of novel diagnostic and therapeutic options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akhil Akhil
- Department of Biochemistry, BMS-Block II, South Campus, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India
| | - Rohit Bansal
- Department of Biochemistry, BMS-Block II, South Campus, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India
| | - Kumari Anupam
- Department of Pathology, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO, 63103, USA
| | - Ankit Tandon
- Department of Endocrinology, PGIMER, Chandigarh, 160012, India
| | - Archana Bhatnagar
- Department of Biochemistry, BMS-Block II, South Campus, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India.
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Neves AR, Albuquerque T, Quintela T, Costa D. Circadian rhythm and disease: Relationship, new insights, and future perspectives. J Cell Physiol 2022; 237:3239-3256. [PMID: 35696609 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The circadian system is responsible for internal functions and regulation of the organism according to environmental cues (zeitgebers). Circadian rhythm dysregulation or chronodisruption has been associated with several diseases, from mental to autoimmune diseases, and with life quality change. Following this, some therapies have been developed to correct circadian misalignments, such as light therapy and chronobiotics. In this manuscript, we describe the circadian-related diseases so far investigated, and studies reporting relevant data on this topic, evidencing this relationship, are included. Despite the actual limitations in published work, there is clear evidence of the correlation between circadian rhythm dysregulation and disease origin/development, and, in this way, clock-related therapies emerge as great progress in the clinical field. Future improvements in such interventions can lead to the development of successful chronotherapy strategies, deeply contributing to enhanced therapeutic outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana R Neves
- CICS-UBI-Health Sciences Research Centre, Universidade da Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Tânia Albuquerque
- CICS-UBI-Health Sciences Research Centre, Universidade da Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Telma Quintela
- CICS-UBI-Health Sciences Research Centre, Universidade da Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal.,Unidade de Investigação para o Desenvolvimento do Interior (UDI-IPG), Instituto Politécnico da Guarda, Guarda, Portugal
| | - Diana Costa
- CICS-UBI-Health Sciences Research Centre, Universidade da Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal
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Xiang K, Xu Z, Hu YQ, He YS, Wu GC, Li TY, Wang XR, Ding LH, Zhang Q, Tao SS, Ye DQ, Pan HF, Wang DG. Circadian clock genes as promising therapeutic targets for autoimmune diseases. Autoimmun Rev 2021; 20:102866. [PMID: 34118460 DOI: 10.1016/j.autrev.2021.102866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Circadian rhythm is a natural, endogenous process whose physiological functions are controlled by a set of clock genes. Disturbance of the clock genes have detrimental effects on both innate and adaptive immunity, which significantly enhance pro-inflammatory responses and susceptibility to autoimmune diseases via strictly controlling the individual cellular components of the immune system that initiate and perpetuate the inflammation pathways. Autoimmune diseases, especially rheumatoid arthritis (RA), often exhibit substantial circadian oscillations, and circadian rhythm is involved in the onset and progression of autoimmune diseases. Mounting evidence indicate that the synthetic ligands of circadian clock genes have the property of reducing the susceptibility and clinical severity of subjects. This review supplies an overview of the roles of circadian clock genes in the pathology of autoimmune diseases, including BMAL1, CLOCK, PER, CRY, REV-ERBα, and ROR. Furthermore, summarized some circadian clock genes as candidate genes for autoimmune diseases and current advancement on therapy of autoimmune diseases with synthetic ligands of circadian clock genes. The existing body of knowledge demonstrates that circadian clock genes are inextricably linked to autoimmune diseases. Future research should pay attention to improve the quality of life of patients with autoimmune diseases and reduce the effects of drug preparation on the normal circadian rhythms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Xiang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, China; Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Zhiwei Xu
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, 288 Herston Road, Herston, QLD, 4006, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Yu-Qian Hu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, China; Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yi-Sheng He
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, China; Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Guo-Cui Wu
- School of Nursing, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Tian-Yu Li
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Xue-Rong Wang
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Li-Hong Ding
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Qin Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, China; Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Sha-Sha Tao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, China; Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Dong-Qing Ye
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, China; Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Hai-Feng Pan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, China; Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, China.
| | - De-Guang Wang
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.
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