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Yiin SJ, Shen KP, Lai CL, Liang JC. An evaluation of nursing students' learning self-efficacy: A multi-dimensional instrument development and structural validation. NURSE EDUCATION TODAY 2024; 135:106118. [PMID: 38325185 DOI: 10.1016/j.nedt.2024.106118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nursing learning self-efficacy (NLSE) is essential in nursing students' learning, and since it is a task-dependent construct, accurate measurements require a multidimensional instrument. OBJECTIVE This research aimed to develop and validate a multidimensional NLSE instrument to measure Taiwanese nursing students' views of nursing learning self-efficacy. DESIGN The cross-sectional study design was used for this investigation. PARTICIPANTS The study included 1143 nursing students from a nursing junior college. METHODS To assess the validity and reliability of the instrument's factors, exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) were utilized. Conceptual understanding, higher-order cognitive skills, practical work, everyday application, and nursing communication were identified as five factors. A comparison of five proposed models was also conducted. RESULTS The study found that the correlated and one-factor second-order models were acceptable and provided a simple structure for evaluating nursing students' perceptions of NLSE. Furthermore, a specific model with two second-order scales (Cognition and Application) and one first-order scale (nursing communication) was identified, highlighting the crucial role of nursing communication in nursing students' self-efficacy. CONCLUSIONS Evaluating nursing students' learning self-efficacy using a valid and reliable instrument is crucial for understanding their learning confidence. The creation of such a scale constitutes the primary contribution of this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuenn-Jiun Yiin
- Department of Nursing, National Tainan Junior College of Nursing, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Ping Shen
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, Taiwan
| | - Chiu-Lin Lai
- Department of Education, National Taipei University of Education, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Jyh-Chong Liang
- Program of Learning Sciences and Institute for Research Excellence in Learning Sciences, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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de Almeida JAB, Florêncio RB, Leite JC, Monteiro KS, Gualdi LP. Self-efficacy measurement instruments for individuals with coronary artery disease: A systematic review. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0299041. [PMID: 38437222 PMCID: PMC10911622 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0299041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Over the past decade, there has been a heightened interest in evaluating self-efficacy among patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). A significant number of instruments have been developed and validated, yet the need remains to assess the quality of their studies and their properties. OBJECTIVES To evaluate the measurement properties and link the content extracted from self-efficacy instrument items for individuals with CAD to the International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health (ICF). METHODOLOGY The study was conducted following the Cochrane systematic review guidelines and COnsensus norms for Selection of health Measuring INstruments (COSMIN), registered under CRD42021262613. The search was carried out on MEDLINE (Ovid), Web of Science, EMBASE, and PsycINFO, including studies involving the development and validation of self-efficacy instruments for individuals with CAD, without language or date restrictions. Data extraction was performed in May 2022 and updated in January 2023 and all the steps of this review were carried out by two different collaborators and reviewed by a third when there were divergences. Modified Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) recommended by COSMIN was used to determine the quality of evidence as high, moderate, low, or very low. Instrument categorization was carried out per COSMIN recommendations, according to the construct of interest and study population into three categories (A, B, or C). RESULTS A total of 21 studies from 12 instruments were identified. The best-rated instruments received a recommendation of B, which means, additional validation studies are needed. Barnason Efficacy Expectation Scale (BEES) showed high-quality evidence for structural, construct, criterion, and internal consistency validity; Cardiac Self-Efficacy Scale (CSES) demonstrated high quality for content, structural, cross-cultural validity, and internal consistency; Self-efficacy for Appropriate Medication Use (SEAMS) achieved a high level for structural, criterion, and internal consistency validity; Cardiovascular Management Self-Efficacy Scale exhibited high-level validity for structural, criterion, construct, and internal consistency. The CSES showed content linkage with all domains of the ICF, as well as the highest number of linkages with the categories. CONCLUSIONS Instruments with a B-level recommendation hold potential for use. More studies assessing measurement properties are needed to reinforce or improve these recommendations. The CSES stands out as the most comprehensive instrument concerning the ICF.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rêncio Bento Florêncio
- Professor of department of Physical Therapy Graduate, Centro Universitário Natalense, Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Jéssica Costa Leite
- Professor of department of Physical Therapy Graduate, Centro Universitário UNIFACISA, Campina Grande, PB, Brazil
| | - Karolinne Souza Monteiro
- Professor of department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Sciences Graduate Program, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Santa Cruz, RN, Brazil
| | - Lucien Peroni Gualdi
- Professor of department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Sciences Graduate Program, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Santa Cruz, RN, Brazil
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Almarwani M, Alosaimi B. Exercise Self-Efficacy and Fatigue as Predictors of Adherence to Home-Based Exercise Among Patients with Multiple Sclerosis. Patient Prefer Adherence 2023; 17:1441-1449. [PMID: 37342492 PMCID: PMC10278867 DOI: 10.2147/ppa.s414884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Adherence to home-based exercise programs can be improved by determining the factors associated with exercise adoption and maintenance in patients with multiple sclerosis. However, the factors that influence adherence to home-based exercise have been poorly studied among patients with multiple sclerosis in Saudi Arabia. This study aimed to examine predictors of adherence to home-based exercise programs among patients with multiple sclerosis in Saudi Arabia. Methods This was a cross-sectional observational study. A total of forty individuals (mean age = 38.65 ± 8.16 years) diagnosed with multiple sclerosis participated in the study. Outcome measures were self-reported exercise adherence, the Arabic version of exercise self-efficacy, the Arabic version of patient-determined disease steps, and the Arabic version of the fatigue severity scale. All outcome measures were assessed at baseline, except for self-reported adherence to exercise, which was measured after 2 weeks. Results Our results showed that the adherence to home-based exercise programs was significantly positively correlated with exercise self-efficacy and negatively correlated with fatigue and disability. Exercise self-efficacy (β = 0.62, p < 0.01) and fatigue (β = -0.24, p = 0.04) were significant predictors of adherence to home-based exercise programs. Conclusion These findings suggest that exercise self-efficacy and fatigue should be considered by physical therapists when designing a tailored exercise program for patients with multiple sclerosis. This may facilitate greater adherence to the home-based exercise programs and improve functional outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maha Almarwani
- Rehabilitation Sciences Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Bashaier Alosaimi
- Rehabilitation Sciences Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
- Physical Therapy Department, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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Alrimali AM. Assessment of physical activity level, self-efficacy and perceived barriers to physical activity among adult Saudi women. J Taibah Univ Med Sci 2023; 18:812-821. [PMID: 36852249 PMCID: PMC9957769 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtumed.2022.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives Generally, physical activity (PA) is accepted to have a crucial role in sustaining and improving individuals' health. Consequently, it is considered a viable solution to the public health challenge of chronic diseases, particularly as sedentary behaviour is becoming a considerable concern worldwide. Therefore, this study focused on PA levels among adult Saudi women, and assessed the effects of self-efficacy, socio-demographic characteristics and perceived barriers on PA level. Methods This study used a quantitative cross-sectional descriptive design involving a self-reported web-based survey. The sample included 509 Saudi women recruited through purposive sampling. Data were collected with validated pre-existing questionnaires. The information provided by participants included their PA levels, self-efficacy and perceived barriers to PA. Results The survey's completion rate was 51%. Analysis of the study sample responses indicated that the participants' had high levels of PA: 54% participated in vigorous PA, whereas 30% had insufficient PA (less than 600 MET m/week). In the sample, self-efficacy was moderate, and simple regression indicated that self-efficacy significantly affected the levels of PA (p = 0.001). The leading barriers to PA were a lack of resources and willpower. However, multiple regression indicated that only lack of willpower (p = 0.004), fear of injury (p = 0.043) and environmental barriers (p = 0.021) significantly influenced PA levels. Moreover, demographic characteristics had no significant effects on PA levels. Conclusion A large proportion of the study sample demonstrated sufficient levels of PA. Psychological determinants, including self-efficacy and willpower, significantly correlated with performance. The physical environment was also found to be a highly influential factor. These findings have implications for future initiatives and health promotion strategies targeted at Saudi women. The knowledge gained may be used to design theory based interventions for improving self-efficacy and willpower, while considering strategies for overcoming barriers to PA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afaf M. Alrimali
- Corresponding address: Hai'l Health Cluster, Al Masyaf, Hai'l, 3964, KSA
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Gong L, Sheng J. The Current Health Belief of Exercise Conditions of Chinese College Students and Ways of Improvements: An Analysis Based on the Health Belief Model. Front Psychol 2022; 13:906297. [PMID: 35936271 PMCID: PMC9355546 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.906297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to discuss the differences in the parameters of exercise health beliefs among college students of different genders, and assess the relationship between demographic factors and parameters of exercise health beliefs, and examine the relationship between exercise self-efficacy and internal components of exercise health beliefs. A total of 313 Chinese college students from the Sichuan University of Arts and Science completed the exercise health belief scale voluntarily under the tutor’s explanation. The results showed that compared with female students, male students have higher perceived benefits and self-efficacy of exercise and lower perceived subjective and objective barriers. Monthly family income has a significant positive correlation with exercise self-efficacy and a negative correlation with perceived subjective barriers to exercise disorder. Exercise self-efficacy has a positively correlated with perceived benefits and perceived severity and a significant negative correlation with perceived subjective and objective barriers. From the structural equation model, we found that family income no longer significantly impacted exercise self-efficacy. Within the exercise health belief items, we found only that there were negative relationship between perceived subjective barriers and exercise self-efficacy. According to the study, our findings provide a new psychological angle for understanding the exercise condition of college students and the restraining factors and provide new insights into increasing exercise self-efficacy to lower the subjective barriers to exercise. Future studies will focus on evaluating the relationship between exercise health belief components and college Students’ physical activity levels and exercise behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lamei Gong
- Laboratory of Sports and Health Promotion, School of Physical Education, Sichuan University of Arts and Science, Dazhou, China
| | - Jiazhi Sheng
- Laboratory of Sports and Health Promotion, School of Physical Education, Sichuan University of Arts and Science, Dazhou, China
- Graduate School of Management, Management and Science University, Shah Alam, Malaysia
- *Correspondence: Jiazhi Sheng,
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Hidrus A, Kueh YC, Norsa'adah B, Chang YK, Kuan G. Effects of technology-supported brain breaks videos on exercise self-efficacy among type 2 diabetes mellitus Malaysians. Sci Rep 2022; 12:11651. [PMID: 35803945 PMCID: PMC9264750 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-15142-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The technology supported Brain Breaks (BB) videos are a series of structured, web-based physical activity (PA) videos designed to promote learning and health. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of BB videos on exercise self-efficacy (ESE) among type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients using the Malay-versioned exercise self-efficacy scale (ESE-M). The study used a double-blind research design and was randomised into two groups: (1) The Technology Supported BB intervention group, and (2) the control group. 70 T2DM patients with a mean age of 57.6 years (SD = 8.5) were recruited from Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia. For 4 months, participants in the intervention group were required to undertake PA every day using the BB videos (approximately 10 min). Both groups completed the ESE-M at pre-intervention, the end of the first month, the second month, the third month, and post-intervention. For the data analysis, a mixed factorial analysis of variance was used. The results showed that at the end of the intervention, the two groups’ ESE was significantly different (p < 0.001). From pre- to post-intervention, the intervention group’s ESE-M mean scores improved significantly. Technology-supported BB videos may be an effective strategy for improving ESE in T2DM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aizuddin Hidrus
- Biostatistics and Research Methodology Unit, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Malaysia.,Public Health Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu, Malaysia
| | - Yee Cheng Kueh
- Biostatistics and Research Methodology Unit, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Malaysia
| | - Bachok Norsa'adah
- Biostatistics and Research Methodology Unit, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Malaysia
| | - Yu-Kai Chang
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan.,DepartInstitute of Research Excellence in Learning Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Garry Kuan
- Exercise and Sports Science Programme, School of Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia. .,Department of Life Sciences, Brunel University, London, UK.
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Turner AR, Reed SM. Intrinsic motivation in exercise: A concept analysis. Nurs Forum 2022; 57:136-143. [PMID: 34558057 DOI: 10.1111/nuf.12658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Revised: 08/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
AIM To explore the concept of intrinsic motivation in exercise as it pertains to nursing. BACKGROUND Exercise is an integral part of treating and preventing chronic diseases, and yet the vast majority of adults do not adequately meet endorsed exercise recommendations. Evaluating motivation for exercise assists in the effort to promote sustained exercise participation. Intrinsic motivation speaks to the innate drive for an action or behavior. Intrinsic motivation has previously been evaluated in various disciplines including nursing, education, exercise science, medicine, and psychology. The combination of intrinsic motivation and exercise can be applied in the nursing discipline to evaluate, predict, and impact behavior change. DESIGN Concept analysis using Walker and Avant (2019) methodology. DATA SOURCE PubMed, CINAHL, and PsychINFO. Articles from the years 2011 to 2020 were included. REVIEW METHODS Literature from multiple disciplines was synthesized to explore the concept of intrinsic motivation in the context of exercise. RESULTS Characteristics of intrinsic motivation, their attributes, antecedents, and consequences were identified. The concept analysis represents a consensus of the identified literature providing a concise description of intrinsic motivation with exercise. Four vital attributes were identified in the literature and became the basis of the concept analysis; self-efficacy, competence, self-determination, and satisfaction. CONCLUSION This concept analysis provides a foundation from which to create nursing interventions aimed at fostering intrinsic motivation for exercise. Expansion of our knowledge of intrinsic motivation, in the context of exercise, has the potential to enhance approaches used by nurses and nurse providers to affect healthy behavior changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley R Turner
- Anschutz Medical Campus, College of Nursing, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Department of Family Medicine, Adult Nurse Practitioner, Denver Health and Hospital Authority, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Sean M Reed
- Department of Family Medicine, Adult Nurse Practitioner, Denver Health and Hospital Authority, Aurora, Colorado, USA
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Alyahya MS, Al-Sheyab NA, Alqudah JA, Younis OB, Khader YS. Effect of Multimedia Messaging Service on Exercise Self-efficacy in Diabetic Patients. Am J Health Behav 2021; 45:902-915. [PMID: 34702437 DOI: 10.5993/ajhb.45.5.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Objectives: To increase patients' self-efficacy for initiation of physical activity, there is a need to include physical activity into patient education in clinic settings. In this study, we aimed to assess the effectiveness of multimedia messaging service (MMS) education on exercise self-efficacy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods: We used a quasi-experimental, pretest-posttest design to study 98 patients with T2DM. The intervention group received MMS education targeting exercise self-efficacy for 2 months, and the control group received routine care only. Patients in both groups completed the Exercise Self-efficacy scale at 3 stages (at baseline, at 4 weeks, and at 8 weeks post-intervention). Results: We found a slight increase between baseline, first follow-up, and second follow-up in interpersonal and competing demands factors in the intervention group (p = .002, p = .001, respectively), but no improvement in the control group in any of the 3 factors over time (p > .05). Also, Cohen's d values indicated a medium effect size in all exercise self-efficacy subscales (interpersonal [0.734], competing demands [0.665], and internal feelings [0.696]). Conclusions: Health education using theoretically-based MMS targeting exercise self-efficacy was effective and affordable in promoting and changing patients' beliefs and physical activity behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad S. Alyahya
- Mohammad S. Alyahya, Associate Professor, Department of Health Management and Policy, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan;,
| | - Nihaya A. Al-Sheyab
- Nihaya A. Al-Sheyab, Professor of Child and Adolescent Health, Allied Medical Sciences Department/Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Adjunct Professor, Faculty of Nursing, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid,
Jordan
| | - Jumana A. Alqudah
- Jumana A. Alqudah, Department of Public Health, Community Medicine and Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Othman Beni Younis
- Othman Beni Younis, MD, Clinical Assistant Professor of Family Medicine, Department of Public Health, Community Medicine and Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Yousef S. Khader
- Yousef S. Khader, Professor of Epidemiology, Medical Education and Biostatistics, Department of Public Health, Community Medicine and Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid,
Jordan
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Makarm WK, Sharaf DM, Zaghlol RS. Impact of home exercise program on self-efficacy and quality of life among primary knee osteoarthritis patients: a randomized controlled clinical study. EGYPTIAN RHEUMATOLOGY AND REHABILITATION 2021. [PMCID: PMC8223192 DOI: 10.1186/s43166-021-00073-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is a common joint disorder in elderly individuals, causing pain, loss of physical functioning, disability, and reduction of life quality. Home exercise programs (HEP) serve as a crucial complement to outpatient rehabilitation therapy, as they save the cost of supervised physical therapy sessions, while also offering a high level of treatment. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the 6-month HEP on pain, quality of life, and self-efficacy in patients with primary KOA and to identify the adherence level to exercises and associations with patients’ characteristics and clinical outcomes. Results After 6 months of HEP, there were statistically significant differences between groups for self-efficacy (p ≤ 0.001, from 58.29 to 71.5) (p = 0.23, from 55.98 to 57.72), quality of life (p ≤0.001, from 60.1 to 72.2) (p = 0.074, from 60.35 to 60.92), and pain severity (P ≤0.001, from 58.29 to 41.4) (P = 0.88, from 61.2 to 60.9) in favor of exercise group. Conclusions Home-based exercise program improves pain score, self-efficacy, and quality of life in patients with knee osteoarthritis. Adherence level to the exercise program may have a positive impact on patient improvement. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s43166-021-00073-2.
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Exercise Self-efficacy, Perceived Benefits, and Barriers to Exercise Among Patients Following Acute Myocardial Infarction. J Cardiovasc Nurs 2021; 36:E11-E19. [PMID: 33833189 DOI: 10.1097/jcn.0000000000000810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increasing patient adherence to regular exercise post acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is a major goal after hospitalization. It is therefore essential to identify perceived benefits and barriers to exercise and its association with exercise self-efficacy among patients post AMI. AIMS The purpose of this study was to identify the perceived benefits and barriers to exercise and the predictors of exercise self-efficacy among patients after AMI. METHODS A cross-sectional study design was used with a convenience sample of 254 patients, recruited from the 3 main hospitals in Jordan. Instruments included the Exercise Benefits and Barriers Scale and the Exercise Self-Efficacy Scale. Mean scores were computed to determine the perceived benefits and barriers responses. Multiple linear regression was conducted to explore the predictors of exercise self-efficacy. Data were collected over 5 months. RESULTS The greatest perceived benefits were related to personal factors, for example, "I enjoy exercise" (2.45 [0.98]), and physical performance, for example, "My muscle tone is improved with exercise" (2.44 [0.86]) and "Exercise increases my stamina" (2.43 [0.86]). The greatest perceived barriers were related to environmental barriers, for example, "Lack of exercise places" (2.67 [0.82]), and internal factors related to physical exertion itself, for example, "Concerned about getting tired during exercise participation" (2.65 [0.72]). The Exercise Self-Efficacy Scale showed that patients post ST-elevation AMI had higher exercise self-efficacy than those with other treatment modalities (AMI, 44.71 [19.07] vs 36.59 [17.34]; P = .001). Patients treated by primary percutaneous coronary intervention had higher exercise self-efficacy, 49.2 (18.61), than patients treated by thrombolysis and percutaneous coronary intervention, 39.28 (18.3), and patients treated by medications other than thrombolytic therapy, 36.59 (17.4) (F2,251 = 11.612, P = .001). The multiple linear regression model explained approximately 29% of the variance in exercise self-efficacy (F11,242 = 7.914, P < .001). Five variables contributed significantly to the prediction of self-efficacy: type of AMI (standardized β = -0.173, t = -3.311, P = .01), perceived exercise benefits (standardized β = 0.322, t = 4.912, P = .01), perceived exercise barriers (standardized β = -0.291, t = -4.521, P = .01), being Argela smokers (water pipe smoking) (standardized β = -0.132, t = -2.617, P = .029), and cholesterol level (standardized β = -0.158, t = -2.174, P = .003). CONCLUSIONS Primary perceived benefits of exercise reported were in the areas of personal factors and improved physical performance. The main perceived barriers to exercise were in the areas of environmental factors and physical exertion. Identification of benefits and barriers to exercise, type of AMI, and treatment modalities of AMI as predictors of exercise self-efficacy is a significant step for developing appropriate interventions that effectively improve exercise self-efficacy and exercise among post-AMI patients.
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Al-Ghafri TS, Al-Harthi S, Al-Farsi Y, Craigie AM, Bannerman E, Anderson AS. Changes in Self-Efficacy and Social Support after an Intervention to Increase Physical Activity Among Adults with Type 2 Diabetes in Oman: A 12-month follow-up of the MOVEdiabetes trial. Sultan Qaboos Univ Med J 2021; 21:e42-e49. [PMID: 33777422 PMCID: PMC7968896 DOI: 10.18295/squmj.2021.21.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Revised: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives This study aimed to describe changes in self-efficacy (SE) and social support (SS) 12 months after the MOVEdiabetes trial, an intervention designed to increase physical activity (PA) among adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Oman. Methods The original MOVEdiabetes trial was conducted between April 2016 and June 2017 in Muscat, Oman. The intervention group (IG) received personalised PA consultations, pedometers and monthly messages using a web-based application, while the comparison group received usual care. Self-reported SE and SS from family and friends were assessed using validated psychosocial scales. Results Of the 232 original participants in the trial, a total of 174 completed the 12 months follow-up study period (response rate: 75%). However, based on intention-to-treat analysis with several imputation procedures for missing data at 3 and/or 12 months, there was a significant increase in SE scores in the IG (+10.3, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 7.1–13.5; P <0.001); however, the correlation with PA levels was weak (+4.2, 95% CI: 2.7–5.7; P <0.001). Higher SE scores were noted in those without comorbidities (+12.2, 95% CI: 6.8–17.6; P <0.001) and with high income levels (+9.7, 95% CI: 5.2–14.2; P <0.001). Additionally, SS scores increased significantly among those in the IG who received support from friends (+2.3, 95% CI: 1.1–3.7; P <0.001), but not family (+1.2, 95% CI: −0.4–2.8; P = 0.110). The reliability of the scales was acceptable for SE and SS from family, but poor for SS from friends (Cronbach’s alpha coefficients = 0.82, 0.82 and 0.40, respectively). Conclusion The PA intervention was associated with positive changes in SE and SS from friends. However, further tools for assessing psychosocial influences on PA are needed in Arab countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thamra S Al-Ghafri
- Department of Planning, Directorate General of Planning & Studies, Ministry of Health, Muscat, Oman
| | - Saud Al-Harthi
- Department of Medicine, Al Nahdha Hospital, Muscat, Oman
| | - Yahya Al-Farsi
- Department of Family Medicine & Public Health, College of Medicine & Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman
| | - Angela M Craigie
- Centre for Public Health Nutrition Research, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - Elaine Bannerman
- Global Academy of Agriculture & Food Security, Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Annie S Anderson
- Centre for Public Health Nutrition Research, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
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Machado CCDS, Malaguti C, Trevizan PF, Ezequiel DGA, Seixas MB, da Silva LP. Psychometric validation of the Brazilian Portuguese version of Bandura's exercise self-efficacy scale in diabetes patients. J Diabetes Metab Disord 2021; 19:925-932. [PMID: 33520812 DOI: 10.1007/s40200-020-00581-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Purpose The management of diabetes comprises diet, pharmacological therapy, lifestyle counseling, patient education, and physical exercising, to achieve change in health behavior and control of the disease. However, a large proportion of diabetes patients does not adhere to treatment recommendations, mainly in the lifestyle aspect, which remains sedentary. Considering that self-efficacy is an essential determinant of health behaviors such as exercise practicing, the objective of the study was to investigate the psychometric properties of the Brazilian Portuguese version of Bandura's Exercise Self-Efficacy Scale (BESES) to be used in diabetes patients. Methods The BESES was initially completed by thirty diabetes patients to confirm the feasibility of the answers be provided by themselves. The psychometric properties (i.e., internal consistency, test-retest reproducibility, convergent validity, and ceiling and floor effects) were tested in other two-hundred diabetes patients (≥18 years old). Results The BESES achieved significant internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha coefficient = 0.92), substantial test-retest reproducibility (intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.83). The convergent validity was confirmed by negative correlations between BESES total scores and barriers to exercise total scores (ρ = -0.333; P = 0.018) and rate of perception exercise corrected by distance covered in the incremental shuttle walking test (ρ = -0.426; P = 0.002). Ceiling and floor effects were not found. In addition, physically active patients had BESES total scores higher compared to sedentary (56.8 ± 21.4 vs. 47.9 ± 20.0; P = 0.003). Conclusion The Brazilian Portuguese version of the BESES showed adequate psychometric properties and proved to be valid for assessing the exercise self-efficacy in diabetes patients in Brazil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Cristina da Silva Machado
- Faculty of Physiotherapy, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora (UFJF), Eugênio do Nascimento, s/n - Dom Bosco, Juiz de Fora, MG CEP: 36038-330 Brazil.,Cardiovascular Research Unit and Exercise Physiology of the University Hospital of the UFJF, Eugênio do Nascimento, s/n - Dom Bosco, Juiz de Fora, MG CEP: 36038-330 Brazil
| | - Carla Malaguti
- Faculty of Physiotherapy, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora (UFJF), Eugênio do Nascimento, s/n - Dom Bosco, Juiz de Fora, MG CEP: 36038-330 Brazil
| | - Patrícia Fernandes Trevizan
- Cardiovascular Research Unit and Exercise Physiology of the University Hospital of the UFJF, Eugênio do Nascimento, s/n - Dom Bosco, Juiz de Fora, MG CEP: 36038-330 Brazil
| | - Danielle Guedes Andrade Ezequiel
- Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora (UFJF), Eugênio do Nascimento, s/n - Dom Bosco, Juiz de Fora, MG CEP: 36038-330 Brazil
| | - Mariana Balbi Seixas
- Faculty of Physiotherapy, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora (UFJF), Eugênio do Nascimento, s/n - Dom Bosco, Juiz de Fora, MG CEP: 36038-330 Brazil.,Cardiovascular Research Unit and Exercise Physiology of the University Hospital of the UFJF, Eugênio do Nascimento, s/n - Dom Bosco, Juiz de Fora, MG CEP: 36038-330 Brazil
| | - Lilian Pinto da Silva
- Faculty of Physiotherapy, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora (UFJF), Eugênio do Nascimento, s/n - Dom Bosco, Juiz de Fora, MG CEP: 36038-330 Brazil.,Cardiovascular Research Unit and Exercise Physiology of the University Hospital of the UFJF, Eugênio do Nascimento, s/n - Dom Bosco, Juiz de Fora, MG CEP: 36038-330 Brazil
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Almutary H, Tayyib N. Factors associated with exercise self-efficacy among people with chronic diseases. Appl Nurs Res 2020; 54:151275. [PMID: 32650891 DOI: 10.1016/j.apnr.2020.151275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2019] [Revised: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
AIM The aim of this study is to assess the level of exercise self-efficacy in a population with chronic diseases and identify the factors that could influence exercise self-efficacy. BACKGROUND Performing physical exercise is an important part of self-care in chronic diseases. It is highly influenced by individual's self- efficacy. However, little attention has been given to the identification of the factors that could affect the exercise self-efficacy among people with chronic diseases. METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted to assess the exercise self-efficacy among people with chronic diseases using the Exercise Self-Efficacy Scale (ESE). Demographic and exercise profiles were also collected. RESULTS A total of eighty-five people with chronic diseases from outpatients' clinics participated in this study. The mean age of the participants was 52 ± 13.92 and more than half of them were females (58.8%). The mean score of exercise self-efficacy was 39 ± 21.55. Education level was the main factor that correlated with lower levels of exercise self-efficacy. CONCLUSIONS This study is first to provide preliminary evidence about levels of exercise self-efficacy and its associated factors among people with chronic diseases in Saudi Arabia. The level of exercise self-efficacy is low in people with chronic diseases and this mainly associated with educational factor. Nurses have an important role to promoting exercise self-efficacy through implementing a comprehensive plan that is patient's centered approach. However, further research is needed to assess perception, detect barriers and conduct intervention that aims to improve exercise Self-efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayfa Almutary
- Faculty of Nursing, Medical/Surgical Department, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Nahla Tayyib
- Medical Surgical Nursing Department, Faculty of Nursing, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia.
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Rajati F, Rajati M. Validity and reliability of the Iranian version of the Cardiac Exercise Self-Efficacy Scale. ARYA ATHEROSCLEROSIS 2019; 15:113-122. [PMID: 31452659 PMCID: PMC6698084 DOI: 10.22122/arya.v15i3.1839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The assessment of exercise self-efficacy in patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD) is necessary to conduct tailored interventions. The aim of the current study was to validate the Iranian version of the Cardiac Exercise Self-efficacy Scale (CESE) for patients with CVD. METHODS To develop the Iranian version of the CESE scale, a forward and back translation procedure was followed. Data were collected from 260 patients with CVD who were admitted to Imam Ali Cardiovascular Hospital, Iran, using convenience sampling. Psychometric properties of the scale including validity (face and content validity, discriminant, concurrent, convergent, divergent, and construct validity) and reliability (internal consistency, and test-retest reliability) were assessed. SPSS software was used for statistical analysis. RESULTS The questionnaire had a good face and content validity and reliability, with Cronbach's alpha of 0.87 and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) of 0.42. The questionnaire discriminated well between subgroups according to their medical conditions and the “health transition” item in the Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36). There was a significant correlation between CESE and the physical components of the SF-36 (P < 0.001). In addition, a strong to moderate significant correlation was found between the CESE and the Exercise Self-efficacy Scale (ESES) (r = 0.77; P < 0.01) and between CESE and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) total (r = -0.45; P < 0.001). The exploratory factor analysis (EFA) identified a four-factor structure model, explaining 71.02% of the observed variance. CONCLUSION The Persian version of the CESE is a valid and reliable instrument for the evaluation of CVD patients’ exercise self-efficacy level in performing regular exercise behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Rajati
- Associate Professor, Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mojgan Rajati
- Assistant Professor, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
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Ting LK, Kuan G, Arifin WN, Cheng KY. Psychometric Properties of the Self-Efficacy Scale among Undergraduate Students in Malaysia. Malays J Med Sci 2019; 26:119-128. [PMID: 31303856 PMCID: PMC6613467 DOI: 10.21315/mjms2019.26.3.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2019] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Self-efficacy (SE) is a person's belief in his or her own capability to perform and accomplish a task that could produce a favourable outcome, despite facing obstacles. This study aimed to confirm the validity and reliability of an SE scale among undergraduate students at the Health Campus of the Universiti Sains Malaysia. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted among the undergraduate students using a self-administered questionnaire. After using a purposive sampling method, 562 students completed the questionnaire. Mplus 8 was employed to conduct the confirmatory factor analysis on the psychometric properties of Bandura's 18-item SE scale with three factors (internal feeling, competing demands and situational). Then, the composite reliability was calculated for each factor. Results Most of the students were Malay (73.3%) females (79.0%) who exercised 2.62 times a week for an average of 43.37 min per session. The final measurement model was obtained after removing six problematic items, and the model was deemed fit based on several indices [Root Mean Square Error of Approximation (RMSEA) = 0.067, Standardised Root Mean Square Residual (SRMR) = 0.004, Comparative Fit Index (CFI) = 0.924]. The composite reliability values of the three factors were acceptable (0.65 to 0.84). Conclusion The simplified 12-item SE scale with three factors displayed good fit indices with regard to the data, and they were considered to be acceptable for the current sample.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liu Kien Ting
- Unit of Biostatistics and Research Methodology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Garry Kuan
- Exercise and Sports Science Programme, School of Health Science, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Wan Nor Arifin
- Unit of Biostatistics and Research Methodology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Kueh Yee Cheng
- Unit of Biostatistics and Research Methodology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
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Darawad MW, Hammad S, Samarkandi OA, Hamdan-Mansour AM, Khalil AA. Evaluating the Psychometric Properties of the Arabic Version of the Diabetes Distress Scale. J Psychosoc Nurs Ment Health Serv 2017; 55:43-51. [PMID: 28850650 DOI: 10.3928/02793695-20170818-12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2017] [Accepted: 05/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The current study evaluated the psychometric properties of the Arabic version of the Diabetes Distress Scale (DDS-A) among Arab patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) using a descriptive cross-sectional design. Participants' DDS-A total scores significantly correlated with depressive symptoms (r = 0.288, p = 0.000) as well as two subscales, emotional burden (r = 0.276, p = 0.000) and regimen distress (r = 0.265, p = 0.000). Participants' DDS-A scores had significant negative correlations with income, DM self-management, and knowledge (r = -0.184, p = 0.008; r = -0.310, p = 0.000; r = -0.174, p = 0.003, respectively) and a positive correlation with HbA1c level (r = 0.153, p = 0.018). Factor analysis revealed a four-factor solution that retained all items and explained a variance of 65.59%. Cronbach's alpha was 0.822 for the total scale and 0.778 to 0.881 for the subscales, indicating a high internal consistency. The DDS-A was found to be a psychometrically sound measure to evaluate DM-related distress among Arab patients. [Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services, 55(9), 43-51.].
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