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Fargen KM, Midtlien JP, Margraf C, Kiritsis NR, Chang E, Hui F. Dynamic internal jugular vein venography: a descriptive study in 89 patients with suspected cerebral venous outflow disorders. J Neurointerv Surg 2024:jnis-2024-021734. [PMID: 38782567 DOI: 10.1136/jnis-2024-021734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Internal jugular vein (IJV) stenosis has recently been recognized as a plausible source of symptom etiology in patients with cerebral venous outflow disorders (CVD). Diagnosis and determining surgical candidacy remains difficult due to a poor understanding of IJV physiology and positional symptom exacerbation often reported by these patients. METHODS A retrospective single-center chart review was conducted on adult patients who underwent diagnostic cerebral venography with rotational IJ venography from 2022 to 2024. Patients were divided into three groups for further analysis based on symptoms and diagnostic criteria: presumed jugular stenosis, near-healthy venous outflow, and idiopathic intracranial hypertension. RESULTS Eighty-nine patients were included in the study. Most commonly, ipsilateral rotation resulted in ipsilateral IJV stenosis and gradient development at C4-6 and contralateral stenosis and gradient appearance in the contralateral IJV at C1, with stenosis and gradient development in bilateral IJVs at C1-3 bilaterally during chin flexion. In all patients, 93.3% developed at least moderate dynamic stenosis of at least one IJV, more than two-thirds (69.7%) developed either severe or occlusive stenosis during rightward and leftward rotation, and 81.8% developed severe or occlusive stenosis with head flexion. Dynamic gradients of at least 4 mmHg were seen in 68.5% of patients, with gradients of at least 8 mmHg in 31.5% and at least 10 mmHg in 12.4%. CONCLUSION This study is the first to document dynamic changes in IJV caliber and gradients in different head positions, offering insights into the complex nature of venous outflow and its impact on CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle M Fargen
- Department of Neurological Surgery and Radiology, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Jackson P Midtlien
- Department of Neurological Surgery and Radiology, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Connor Margraf
- Department of Neurological Surgery and Radiology, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Nicholas R Kiritsis
- Department of Neurological Surgery and Radiology, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Emily Chang
- Department of Neurological Surgery and Radiology, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Ferdinand Hui
- Division of Neurointerventional Surgery, Neuroscience Institute, Queen's Medical Center, Honolulu, HI, USA
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2
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Zur G, Charbonnier G, Fageeh A, Diouf A, Brun-Vergara ML, Lesiuk H, Drake B, Santos M, Mikhael N, Budiansky D, Rhodes E, Fahed R, Mendes Pereira V. Stent-assisted Woven EndoBridge embolization for the treatment of pulsatile tinnitus caused by an ipsilateral high-riding jugular bulb. Interv Neuroradiol 2024:15910199241245156. [PMID: 38576332 DOI: 10.1177/15910199241245156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Pulsatile tinnitus can be caused by a high-riding jugular bulb (HRJB), characterized by the superior position of the jugular bulb in the petrous temporal bone. The anatomical position and morphology of this entity make it challenging for endovascular treatment. We report our experience with two patients successfully treated with a stent-assisted Woven EndoBridge (WEB; Microvention, Tustin, CA, USA) device. MATERIALS AND METHODS We describe two cases of HRJB in patients presenting with disabling pulsatile tinnitus. Temporary balloon occlusion of the jugular bulb prior to the intervention reduced tinnitus intensity. Both patients were subsequently treated under general anesthesia with the WEB device deployed in the HRJB which was held by a stent deployed in the sigmoid sinus. RESULTS Both procedures were successful with good positioning of the WEB device and no procedural complications. Both patients had complete resolution of pulsatile tinnitus immediately after the procedure. Follow-up imaging showed successful occlusion of the venous cavity with a widely patent stent. CONCLUSION Among patients with pulsatile tinnitus caused by an ipsilateral HRJB, a stent-assisted WEB device seems to be a viable endovascular option with angiographic and clinical success.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gil Zur
- Interventional Neuroradiology, The Ottawa Hospital-Ottawa Hospital Research Institute and University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Guillaume Charbonnier
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, St Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Areej Fageeh
- Interventional Neuroradiology, The Ottawa Hospital-Ottawa Hospital Research Institute and University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ange Diouf
- Interventional Neuroradiology, The Ottawa Hospital-Ottawa Hospital Research Institute and University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Maria Lucia Brun-Vergara
- Interventional Neuroradiology, The Ottawa Hospital-Ottawa Hospital Research Institute and University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Howard Lesiuk
- Interventional Neuroradiology, The Ottawa Hospital-Ottawa Hospital Research Institute and University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital-Ottawa Hospital Research Institute and University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Brian Drake
- Interventional Neuroradiology, The Ottawa Hospital-Ottawa Hospital Research Institute and University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital-Ottawa Hospital Research Institute and University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Marlise Santos
- Interventional Neuroradiology, The Ottawa Hospital-Ottawa Hospital Research Institute and University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Nicole Mikhael
- Interventional Neuroradiology, The Ottawa Hospital-Ottawa Hospital Research Institute and University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital-Ottawa Hospital Research Institute and University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Dan Budiansky
- Interventional Neuroradiology, The Ottawa Hospital-Ottawa Hospital Research Institute and University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital-Ottawa Hospital Research Institute and University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Emily Rhodes
- Interventional Neuroradiology, The Ottawa Hospital-Ottawa Hospital Research Institute and University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, The Ottawa Hospital-Ottawa Hospital Research Institute and University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Robert Fahed
- Interventional Neuroradiology, The Ottawa Hospital-Ottawa Hospital Research Institute and University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, The Ottawa Hospital-Ottawa Hospital Research Institute and University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Vitor Mendes Pereira
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, St Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Hung DSY, Lee WT, Li YL, Wu JL. A Transcanal Endoscopic Approach for Management of Pulsatile Tinnitus due to High-Riding Dehiscent Jugular Bulb. EAR, NOSE & THROAT JOURNAL 2024; 103:NP145-NP147. [PMID: 34558341 DOI: 10.1177/01455613211043683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulsatile tinnitus (PT) caused by a high-riding dehiscence jugular bulb (HDJB) is a rare but treatable otology disease. There are several managements include transcatheter endovascular coil embolization, transvenous stent-assisted coil embolization, or resurfacing the dehiscent bony wall of high jugular bulb under the use of microscope. Among those options, surgical resurfacing of HDJB might be an effective and safe choice with less destruction. However, previous studies approached middle ear cavity via microscope can only provide a lateral, indirect view, while resurfacing the vessel through a transcanal endoscopic ear surgery (TEES) approach may give surgeon a direct and easy way to manage HDJB. In this report, we presented a case of 40-year-old woman with HDJB and shared our clinical consideration and reasoning of the surgical management of PT via a transtympanic approach by TEES rather than a transmastoid approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Shang-Yu Hung
- Department of Otolaryngology, College of Medicine and Medical Center, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Ting Lee
- Department of Otolaryngology, College of Medicine and Medical Center, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Lu Li
- Department of Otolaryngology, College of Medicine and Medical Center, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Jiunn-Liang Wu
- Department of Otolaryngology, College of Medicine and Medical Center, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
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4
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Essibayi MA, Srinivasan VM, Madriñán-Navia HJ, Park MT, Scherschinski L, Catapano JS, Rhodenhiser EG, Graffeo CS, Ducruet AF, Albuquerque FC, Lawton MT. Management of basilar fenestration aneurysms: a systematic review with an illustrative case report. J Neurointerv Surg 2023; 16:24-30. [PMID: 36564200 DOI: 10.1136/jnis-2022-019728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Basilar artery (BA) fenestration aneurysm (BAFA) is a rare phenomenon commonly accompanying other aneurysms. Treatment is challenging, and few cases have been reported. This review investigated the management outcomes of BAFAs. METHODS Publication databases were searched to identify studies evaluating outcomes of endovascular treatment (EVT) and microsurgical treatment of BAFAs from inception through 2021. Outcomes (clinical, angiographic, postoperative complications, and retreatment rates) were collected and analyzed. The authors present their case of a patient treated for a BAFA. RESULTS Including the authors' case, 184 patients with 209 BAFAs were reported in 68 studies. Most patients (130/175; 74.3%) presented with ruptured aneurysms, most commonly involving the proximal segment of the BA. Most BAFAs were small (52/103, 50.5%) and saccular (119/143, 83.2%). Most patients underwent EVT (143/184, 77.7%); the rest underwent microsurgery. Postoperative complications after EVT occurred in 10 (8.3%) of 120 patients, with 4 of the 10 experiencing strokes. At clinical follow-up, most EVT patients (74/86, 86.0%) showed good outcomes; 3.9% (2/51) had died. Most aneurysms managed with EVT (56/73, 76.7%) showed complete occlusion at follow-up; 7.3% (8/109) were retreated. Postoperative complications occurred in 62.2% (23/37) of microsurgical patients; 5 (21.7%) of the 23 experienced strokes. All patients showed good clinical outcomes at follow-up. Most aneurysms (22/28, 78.6%) treated microsurgically showed complete occlusion at angiographic follow-up, with no retreatment required. CONCLUSION BAFAs are often symptomatic; thus, treatment is challenging. By the 2000s, treatment had moved from microsurgical to endovascular modalities, with good clinical and angiographic outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammed Amir Essibayi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Barrow Neurological Institute, St Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| | - Visish M Srinivasan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Barrow Neurological Institute, St Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| | - Humberto José Madriñán-Navia
- Department of Neurosurgery, Barrow Neurological Institute, St Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, Center for Research and Training in Neurosurgery, Hospital Universitario de la Samaritana, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Marian T Park
- Department of Neurosurgery, Barrow Neurological Institute, St Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| | - Lea Scherschinski
- Department of Neurosurgery, Barrow Neurological Institute, St Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| | - Joshua S Catapano
- Department of Neurosurgery, Barrow Neurological Institute, St Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| | - Emmajane G Rhodenhiser
- Department of Neurosurgery, Barrow Neurological Institute, St Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| | - Christopher S Graffeo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Barrow Neurological Institute, St Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| | - Andrew F Ducruet
- Department of Neurosurgery, Barrow Neurological Institute, St Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| | - Felipe C Albuquerque
- Department of Neurosurgery, Barrow Neurological Institute, St Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| | - Michael T Lawton
- Department of Neurosurgery, Barrow Neurological Institute, St Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
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Fageeh A, Zur G, Diouf A, Drake B, P Dos Santos M, Lui A, Karwaski S, Chenier C, Trussler L, Barnes N, Tse D, Schramm D, Lesiuk H, Fahed R. Use of a Woven Endobridge device (WEB) for the treatment of an aneurysmal diverticulum of the transverse sinus causing pulsatile tinnitus. J Neurointerv Surg 2023:jnis-2023-020981. [PMID: 37875343 DOI: 10.1136/jnis-2023-020981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
Pulsatile tinnitus is a symptom with a potentially significant impact on the quality of life of patients.1 In some cases the pulsatile tinnitus is secondary to an arterial, arteriovenous, or a venous condition that can be treated endovascularly.2-5 One of the newly recognized entities that can cause pulsatile tinnitus is the presence of an ipsilateral aneurysmal diverticulum of the transverse sinus. The Woven EndoBridge (WEB) is an intra-aneurysmal flow disruptor for the treatment of broad-based arterial aneurysms with a high safety and effectiveness profile.3 The initial version of the WEB with a dual-layer structure evolved into a single-layer structure in two different versions (WEB SL, a barrel shape, and WEB SLS, a spherical shape).4 The WEB system does not require concomitant antiplatelet therapy, unlike other intraluminal devices such as flow diverters or intracranial stents. We describe a case of pulsatile tinnitus secondary to an aneurysmal diverticulum of the transverse sinus successfully treated with a WEB SL device instead of stent-assisted coiling, therefore alleviating the need for antiplatelets (video 1). The patient had an immediate clinical response with complete and persisting disappearance of her pulsatile tinnitus.neurintsurg;jnis-2023-020981v1/V1F1V1Video 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Areej Fageeh
- Interventional Neuroradiology, Department of Medical Imaging, Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Gil Zur
- Interventional Neuroradiology, Department of Medical Imaging, Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ange Diouf
- Interventional Neuroradiology, Department of Medical Imaging, Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Brian Drake
- Interventional Neuroradiology, Department of Medical Imaging, Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute (OHRI, Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Marlise P Dos Santos
- Interventional Neuroradiology, Department of Medical Imaging, Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute (OHRI, Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Anne Lui
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute (OHRI, Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Anesthesia, Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Stephen Karwaski
- Interventional Neuroradiology, Department of Medical Imaging, Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Chad Chenier
- Interventional Neuroradiology, Department of Medical Imaging, Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Laurie Trussler
- Interventional Neuroradiology, Department of Medical Imaging, Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Nancy Barnes
- Interventional Neuroradiology, Department of Medical Imaging, Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Darren Tse
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute (OHRI, Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Otolaryngology, Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - David Schramm
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute (OHRI, Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Otolaryngology, Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Howard Lesiuk
- Interventional Neuroradiology, Department of Medical Imaging, Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute (OHRI, Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Robert Fahed
- Interventional Neuroradiology, Department of Medical Imaging, Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute (OHRI, Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Medicine - Neurology, Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
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Chua CA, Han JS, Kim Y, Seo JH, Park SN. Silencing Pulsatile Tinnitus: A Novel Technique of Periosteal Flap Obliteration for Sigmoid Sinus Diverticulum Variants. Otol Neurotol 2023; 44:246-251. [PMID: 36728339 DOI: 10.1097/mao.0000000000003804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Review of a sigmoid sinus diverticuli (SSDi) variants surgically managed with a novel technique using an inferior periosteal flap. STUDY DESIGN Case series. SETTING Tertiary referral center. PATIENTS Patients presenting with pulsatile tinnitus to a tertiary referral center between January 1, 2015, and June 31, 2021, who were diagnosed with SSDi variants on CT temporal bone and who received surgical management for these SSDi variants. INTERVENTIONS Obliteration of SSDi variants using a novel technique with an inferiorly based periosteal flap. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Pure-tone audiometry, Tinnitus Handicap Inventory score, and visual analogue scale score for tinnitus severity (loudness, awareness, annoyance, and effect on life). RESULTS Include statistical measures as appropriate. CONCLUSIONS We would like to propose the use of an inferiorly based periosteal flap as an option for obliteration and concomitant hemostasis of more sizeable or complex (e.g., bifid) SSDi. Further study of this technique with a long-term follow-up will be needed to evaluate its long-term safety and efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celeste Ann Chua
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Sengkang General Hospital, Singapore
| | - Jae Sang Han
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul St Mary's Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeonji Kim
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul St Mary's Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Hyun Seo
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul St Mary's Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Shi Nae Park
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul St Mary's Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Arachnoid Granulation Causing Unilateral Pulsatile Tinnitus Treated With Dural Venous Sinus Stenting. Otol Neurotol 2023; 44:86-89. [PMID: 36509447 DOI: 10.1097/mao.0000000000003741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Large arachnoid granulations that protrude into dural venous sinuses and partially obstruct outflow are an underappreciated etiology of pulsatile tinnitus (PT). Endovascular dural venous sinus stenting is thought to diminish turbulent venous outflow and may relieve obstruction caused by arachnoid granulations. METHODS Four patients at two institutions were evaluated for unilateral PT. Magnetic resonance imaging and digital subtraction angiography revealed moderate-to-severe stenoses from large arachnoid granulations within the implicated transverse sinus. All patients underwent venous manometry and endovascular sinus stenting. RESULTS All patients experienced immediate and complete remission of their PT. Stenoses were relieved by a mean of 93% by Warfarin-Aspirin Symptomatic Intracranial Disease criteria. There were no procedural or periprocedural complications. All patients continued to report complete symptom resolution at a mean of 8-month follow-up. CONCLUSIONS PT from arachnoid granulations are an underappreciated pathomechanism. Endovascular dural venous sinus stenting is an effective intervention for treating unilateral PT secondary to large arachnoid granulation.
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Soliman M, Mowafy K, Mustafa W, Elsaadany N, Soliman R. Surgical Fixation of Jugular Bulb Abnormalities Associated With Phelebectasia in Patients With Vascular Tinnitus. INNOVATIONS-TECHNOLOGY AND TECHNIQUES IN CARDIOTHORACIC AND VASCULAR SURGERY 2022; 17:562-566. [PMID: 36571246 DOI: 10.1177/15569845221137892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Internal jugular phlebectasia is a rare entity in which there is a fusiform dilatation of the internal jugular vein (IJV), usually presenting as a neck mass or tinnitus. The jugular bulb (JB) is an enlarged confluence connecting the sigmoid sinus and the IJV. It has been suggested that JB abnormality might also cause vertigo and pulsatile tinnitus. This prospective interventional study involved 15 patients with pulsatile tinnitus associated with internal jugular phlebectasia. Four patients presented with recurrent vertigo attacks. IJV diameter at rest ranged from 11 to 18 mm. Eight patients have had inner ear bone dehiscence, and 40% had high JB. All cases were treated by surgical fixation using a ringed polytetrafluoroethylene graft extending from the costoclavicular joint to the sigmoid sinus under fluoroscopic guidance. Tinnitus disappeared immediately postoperatively in all cases, followed by the disappearance of vertigo on the fourth day. Two cases reported thrombosis of the graft in the sixth and seventh months but maintained symptomatic improvement. Recurrence was reported in 2 cases while the grafts were patent. Surgical fixation by replacing the jugular vein and bulb with a synthetic graft may offer an excellent surgical option for relieving vascular tinnitus, especially in these young patients in whom endovascular therapy may not be a durable treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mosaad Soliman
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Egypt
| | - Khaled Mowafy
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Egypt
| | - Wesam Mustafa
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Egypt
| | - Nashaat Elsaadany
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Egypt
| | - Reem Soliman
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Egypt
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Pingree GM, Fleming C, Reavey-Cantwell J, Coelho DH. Neurosurgical Causes of Pulsatile Tinnitus: Contemporary Update. Neurosurgery 2022; 90:161-169. [PMID: 34995248 DOI: 10.1227/neu.0000000000001778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Traditionally in the domain of the otolaryngologist, pulsatile tinnitus (PT) has become increasingly relevant to neurosurgeons. PT may prove to be a harbinger of life-threatening pathology; however, often, it is a marker of a more benign process. Irrespectively, the neurosurgeon should be familiar with the many potential etiologies of this unique and challenging patient population. In this review, we discuss the myriad causes of PT, categorized by pulse-phase rhythmicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Graham M Pingree
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Charles Fleming
- Department of Neurosurgery, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - John Reavey-Cantwell
- Department of Neurosurgery, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Daniel H Coelho
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia, USA
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10
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Lekovic GP, Barnard ZR, Master A, Mehta GU, Maya MM, Wilkinson EP. Role of cerebral digital subtraction angiography in the evaluation of pulse synchronous tinnitus. J Otol 2021; 16:225-230. [PMID: 34548868 PMCID: PMC8438631 DOI: 10.1016/j.joto.2021.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives The aim of this study was to evaluate the value of digital subtraction angiography (DSA) in the diagnostic evaluation of a highly selected patient population presenting with pulse-synchronous tinnitus (PST). Methods We retrospectively reviewed the charts of all patients referred for evaluation of possible vascular etiology of pulsatile tinnitus. Patients were evaluated with regards to presenting signs, comorbidities, non-invasive imaging results, angiographic findings and outcomes. Results Fifteen patients underwent cerebral DSA. Dural arteriovenous fistula (dAVF) was identified in six patients, and five patients had other significant vascular pathology identified on DSA. Seven patients with ‘negative’ non-invasive imaging were found to have significant pathology on DSA. Conclusions Catheter angiography may have a significant yield in appropriately selected patients presenting with pulse synchronous tinnitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory P Lekovic
- Division of Neurosurgery, House Institute, 2100 West 3rd Street, Los Angeles, CA, 90057, United States
| | - Zachary R Barnard
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 127 S San Vicente Blvd, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, United States.,Division of Neurosurgery, House Institute, 2100 West 3rd Street, Los Angeles, CA, 90057, United States
| | - Adam Master
- Division of Neurosurgery, House Institute, 2100 West 3rd Street, Los Angeles, CA, 90057, United States
| | - Gautam U Mehta
- Division of Neurosurgery, House Institute, 2100 West 3rd Street, Los Angeles, CA, 90057, United States
| | - M Marcel Maya
- Department of Imaging, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 127 S San Vicente Blvd, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, United States
| | - Eric P Wilkinson
- Division of Neurotology, House Institute, 2100 West 3rd Street, Los Angeles, CA, 90057, United States
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11
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Fukumoto I, Yamasaki K, Yonekura S, Iinuma T, Mita Y, Sonobe Y, Hanazawa T. A case of jugular bulb diverticulum causing pulsatile tinnitus. Clin Case Rep 2021; 9:e04745. [PMID: 34584695 PMCID: PMC8455853 DOI: 10.1002/ccr3.4745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2021] [Revised: 08/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
If you suspect pulsatile tinnitus from a medical interview, you should check for jugular bulb diverticulum and cortical bone defects on temporal bone CT, in addition to thorough physical examination and contrast-enhanced imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ichiro Fukumoto
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology/Head and Neck SurgeryChiba University Graduate School of MedicineChibaJapan
| | - Kazuki Yamasaki
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology/Head and Neck SurgeryChiba University Graduate School of MedicineChibaJapan
| | - Shuji Yonekura
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology/Head and Neck SurgeryChiba University Graduate School of MedicineChibaJapan
| | - Tomohisa Iinuma
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology/Head and Neck SurgeryChiba University Graduate School of MedicineChibaJapan
| | - Yukiyoshi Mita
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology/Head and Neck SurgeryChiba University Graduate School of MedicineChibaJapan
| | - Yuri Sonobe
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology/Head and Neck SurgeryChiba University Graduate School of MedicineChibaJapan
| | - Toyoyuki Hanazawa
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology/Head and Neck SurgeryChiba University Graduate School of MedicineChibaJapan
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12
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Essibayi MA, Oushy SH, Lanzino G, Brinjikji W. Venous Causes of Pulsatile Tinnitus: Clinical Presentation, Clinical and Radiographic Evaluation, Pathogenesis, and Endovascular Treatments: A Literature Review. Neurosurgery 2021; 89:760-768. [PMID: 34392338 DOI: 10.1093/neuros/nyab299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Tinnitus is an abnormal perception of a sound without external stimulation. Venous pulsatile tinnitus (VPT) is a specific form of tinnitus characterized by an objective and often subjective bruit that occurs as a result of localized venous abnormalities. Clinical evaluation relies on sound quality, duration, and precipitating factors. Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) and transverse sinus stenosis (TSS) are among the most common causes of VPT. Other causes include sigmoid sinus wall abnormalities (SSWAs), jugular vein anomalies (JVAs), and emissary veins anomalies. These anomalies can be detected on magnetic resonance imaging, magnetic resonance angiography/magnetic resonance venography, and high-resolution temporal bone computed tomography. The pathogenesis behind the VPT includes turbulent blood flow as a result of luminal stenosis or abnormal dilation, amplification of internal sound due to temporal bone defects, and abnormal position of the venous sinus system structures adjacent to the bony structures of the auditive apparatus. Based on these theories, different interventional treatment modalities can be applied to treat the underlying causes. Endovascular treatments have shown high efficacy and safety among those treatments which include stenting of the lateral sinus stenosis in IIH and TSS, coiling of the SSWA and JVA, and embolization of emissary veins anomalies. Further studies are needed to understand the natural history of these anomalies and the efficacy of treatments of VPT, which-unlike other types of tinnitus-can be cured with proper treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Soliman H Oushy
- Department of Neurosurgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Giuseppe Lanzino
- Department of Neurosurgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.,Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Waleed Brinjikji
- Department of Neurosurgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.,Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
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13
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Abdalkader M, Nguyen TN, Norbash AM, Raz E, Shapiro M, Lenck S, Brinjikji W, Weber P, Sakai O. State of the Art: Venous Causes of Pulsatile Tinnitus and Diagnostic Considerations Guiding Endovascular Therapy. Radiology 2021; 300:2-16. [PMID: 34032509 DOI: 10.1148/radiol.2021202584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Venous variants and pathologic abnormalities are the most common causes of pulsatile tinnitus. These conditions include causes of turbulence within normally located veins and sinuses, and abnormally enlarged or abnormally located veins in close transmissive proximity to the conductive auditory pathway. Such disorders include pathologic abnormalities of the lateral sinus (transverse sinus stenosis and sigmoid sinus wall anomalies), abnormalities and variants of the emissary veins, and anomalies of the jugular bulb and jugular vein. Despite being the most common causes for pulsatile tinnitus, venous variants and pathologic abnormalities are often overlooked in the workup of pulsatile tinnitus. Such oversights can result in delayed patient care and prolonged patient discomfort. Advances in both cerebrovascular imaging and endovascular techniques allow for improved diagnostic accuracy and an increasing range of endovascular therapeutic options to address pulsatile tinnitus. This review illustrates the venous causes of pulsatile tinnitus and demonstrates the associated endovascular treatment. © RSNA, 2021.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamad Abdalkader
- From the Departments of Radiology (M.A., T.N.N., O.S.), Neurology (T.N.N.), Neurosurgery (T.N.N.), Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery (P.W., O.S.), and Radiation Oncology (O.S.), Boston Medical Center, Boston University School of Medicine, 820 Harrison Ave, FGH Building, 3rd Floor, Boston, MA 02118; Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, UC San Diego Health, San Diego, Calif (A.M.N.); Departments of Radiology (E.R., M.S.) and Neurology (M.S.), NYU Langone Health, New York, NY; Department of Neuroradiology, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié Salpêtrière, Sorbonne University, Paris, France (S.L.); and Departments of Radiology and Neurosurgery, Mayo Clinic Rochester, Rochester, Minn (W.B.)
| | - Thanh N Nguyen
- From the Departments of Radiology (M.A., T.N.N., O.S.), Neurology (T.N.N.), Neurosurgery (T.N.N.), Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery (P.W., O.S.), and Radiation Oncology (O.S.), Boston Medical Center, Boston University School of Medicine, 820 Harrison Ave, FGH Building, 3rd Floor, Boston, MA 02118; Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, UC San Diego Health, San Diego, Calif (A.M.N.); Departments of Radiology (E.R., M.S.) and Neurology (M.S.), NYU Langone Health, New York, NY; Department of Neuroradiology, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié Salpêtrière, Sorbonne University, Paris, France (S.L.); and Departments of Radiology and Neurosurgery, Mayo Clinic Rochester, Rochester, Minn (W.B.)
| | - Alexander M Norbash
- From the Departments of Radiology (M.A., T.N.N., O.S.), Neurology (T.N.N.), Neurosurgery (T.N.N.), Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery (P.W., O.S.), and Radiation Oncology (O.S.), Boston Medical Center, Boston University School of Medicine, 820 Harrison Ave, FGH Building, 3rd Floor, Boston, MA 02118; Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, UC San Diego Health, San Diego, Calif (A.M.N.); Departments of Radiology (E.R., M.S.) and Neurology (M.S.), NYU Langone Health, New York, NY; Department of Neuroradiology, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié Salpêtrière, Sorbonne University, Paris, France (S.L.); and Departments of Radiology and Neurosurgery, Mayo Clinic Rochester, Rochester, Minn (W.B.)
| | - Eytan Raz
- From the Departments of Radiology (M.A., T.N.N., O.S.), Neurology (T.N.N.), Neurosurgery (T.N.N.), Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery (P.W., O.S.), and Radiation Oncology (O.S.), Boston Medical Center, Boston University School of Medicine, 820 Harrison Ave, FGH Building, 3rd Floor, Boston, MA 02118; Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, UC San Diego Health, San Diego, Calif (A.M.N.); Departments of Radiology (E.R., M.S.) and Neurology (M.S.), NYU Langone Health, New York, NY; Department of Neuroradiology, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié Salpêtrière, Sorbonne University, Paris, France (S.L.); and Departments of Radiology and Neurosurgery, Mayo Clinic Rochester, Rochester, Minn (W.B.)
| | - Maksim Shapiro
- From the Departments of Radiology (M.A., T.N.N., O.S.), Neurology (T.N.N.), Neurosurgery (T.N.N.), Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery (P.W., O.S.), and Radiation Oncology (O.S.), Boston Medical Center, Boston University School of Medicine, 820 Harrison Ave, FGH Building, 3rd Floor, Boston, MA 02118; Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, UC San Diego Health, San Diego, Calif (A.M.N.); Departments of Radiology (E.R., M.S.) and Neurology (M.S.), NYU Langone Health, New York, NY; Department of Neuroradiology, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié Salpêtrière, Sorbonne University, Paris, France (S.L.); and Departments of Radiology and Neurosurgery, Mayo Clinic Rochester, Rochester, Minn (W.B.)
| | - Stéphanie Lenck
- From the Departments of Radiology (M.A., T.N.N., O.S.), Neurology (T.N.N.), Neurosurgery (T.N.N.), Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery (P.W., O.S.), and Radiation Oncology (O.S.), Boston Medical Center, Boston University School of Medicine, 820 Harrison Ave, FGH Building, 3rd Floor, Boston, MA 02118; Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, UC San Diego Health, San Diego, Calif (A.M.N.); Departments of Radiology (E.R., M.S.) and Neurology (M.S.), NYU Langone Health, New York, NY; Department of Neuroradiology, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié Salpêtrière, Sorbonne University, Paris, France (S.L.); and Departments of Radiology and Neurosurgery, Mayo Clinic Rochester, Rochester, Minn (W.B.)
| | - Waleed Brinjikji
- From the Departments of Radiology (M.A., T.N.N., O.S.), Neurology (T.N.N.), Neurosurgery (T.N.N.), Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery (P.W., O.S.), and Radiation Oncology (O.S.), Boston Medical Center, Boston University School of Medicine, 820 Harrison Ave, FGH Building, 3rd Floor, Boston, MA 02118; Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, UC San Diego Health, San Diego, Calif (A.M.N.); Departments of Radiology (E.R., M.S.) and Neurology (M.S.), NYU Langone Health, New York, NY; Department of Neuroradiology, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié Salpêtrière, Sorbonne University, Paris, France (S.L.); and Departments of Radiology and Neurosurgery, Mayo Clinic Rochester, Rochester, Minn (W.B.)
| | - Peter Weber
- From the Departments of Radiology (M.A., T.N.N., O.S.), Neurology (T.N.N.), Neurosurgery (T.N.N.), Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery (P.W., O.S.), and Radiation Oncology (O.S.), Boston Medical Center, Boston University School of Medicine, 820 Harrison Ave, FGH Building, 3rd Floor, Boston, MA 02118; Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, UC San Diego Health, San Diego, Calif (A.M.N.); Departments of Radiology (E.R., M.S.) and Neurology (M.S.), NYU Langone Health, New York, NY; Department of Neuroradiology, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié Salpêtrière, Sorbonne University, Paris, France (S.L.); and Departments of Radiology and Neurosurgery, Mayo Clinic Rochester, Rochester, Minn (W.B.)
| | - Osamu Sakai
- From the Departments of Radiology (M.A., T.N.N., O.S.), Neurology (T.N.N.), Neurosurgery (T.N.N.), Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery (P.W., O.S.), and Radiation Oncology (O.S.), Boston Medical Center, Boston University School of Medicine, 820 Harrison Ave, FGH Building, 3rd Floor, Boston, MA 02118; Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, UC San Diego Health, San Diego, Calif (A.M.N.); Departments of Radiology (E.R., M.S.) and Neurology (M.S.), NYU Langone Health, New York, NY; Department of Neuroradiology, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié Salpêtrière, Sorbonne University, Paris, France (S.L.); and Departments of Radiology and Neurosurgery, Mayo Clinic Rochester, Rochester, Minn (W.B.)
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Fiani B, Kondilis A, Doan T, Runnels J, Fiani NJ, Sarno E. Venous sinus stenting for intractable pulsatile tinnitus: A review of indications and outcomes. Surg Neurol Int 2021; 12:81. [PMID: 33767885 PMCID: PMC7982104 DOI: 10.25259/sni_1_2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Pulsatile tinnitus presents as a unique variation of tinnitus in which a conscious perception of the heartbeat is localized to the ears in either unilateral or bilateral fashion. The sensation is typically caused by an increase in turbulent blood flow in the affected ear, in most cases, due to a structural abnormality of the venous sinuses – the most common of which being stenosis. Herein, we discuss the etiology of pulsatile tinnitus followed by indications for treatment of various pathologies which have been successfully treated with venous sinus stenting and have led to resolution of auditory symptoms. Methods: The authors queried PubMed database using combinations of the keywords “venous sinus stenting,” “endovascular treatment,” and “pulsatile tinnitus” to identify relevant studies published in English after 2001 and before December 1, 2020 and verified selected. Results: Our results corroborate those published in prior reviews reporting a high rate of pulsatile tinnitus resolution with venous sinus stenting. Conclusion: The success of venous sinus stenting is clinically relevant as an effective treatment option for patients suffering from pulsatile tinnitus. Future applications and studies are needed and are currently being developed to further demonstrate the effectiveness of stents in the treatment of pulsatile tinnitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian Fiani
- Department of Neurosurgery, Desert Regional Medical Center, Palm Springs, California, CA, United States
| | - Athanasios Kondilis
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States
| | - Thao Doan
- University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, United States
| | - Juliana Runnels
- School of Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, United States
| | - Nicholas J Fiani
- University of Medicine and Health Sciences Medical School, New York, NY, United States
| | - Erika Sarno
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States
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15
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Farid M, Alawamry A, Zaitoun MMA, Bessar AA, Darwish EAF. Relentless pulsatile tinnitus secondary to dural sinovenous stenosis: is endovascular sinus stenting the answer? Clin Radiol 2021; 76:526-531. [PMID: 33757666 DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2021.02.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
AIM To assess the efficacy of endovascular venous sinus stenting (EVSS) in treating pulsatile tinnitus (PT) caused by dural venous sinus stenosis (DVSS), and to determine whether it is an adequate remedy in cases with concurrent venous anomalies. MATERIALS AND METHODS Seventeen patients (13 female and four male) with PT due to DVSS were treated using EVSS. The trans-stenotic pressure gradient (PG) was measured before and after stenting. The effect of stenting on the tinnitus was evaluated by questioning the patients at day 0, and at 3, 6, and 9 months after stenting. RESULTS Except for one patient who continued to complain of PT, all of the patients, including two with concomitant sinus diverticula, described complete resolution of the tinnitus immediately following stenting. The post-stenting PG was significantly lower than the pre-stenting PG (p<0.0001). No procedure related complications occurred and no recurrence was recorded during the follow-up period. CONCLUSION EVSS is a safe and successful treatment for PT due to DVSS even in cases with coexistent sinus diverticula.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Farid
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Abbassiya, 11566, Cairo, Egypt
| | - A Alawamry
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Sharqiya, Egypt
| | - M M A Zaitoun
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Sharqiya, Egypt
| | - A A Bessar
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Sharqiya, Egypt
| | - E A F Darwish
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Abbassiya, 11566, Cairo, Egypt.
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16
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Pereira VM, Cancelliere NM, Najafi M, MacDonald D, Natarajan T, Radovanovic I, Krings T, Rutka J, Nicholson P, Steinman DA. Torrents of torment: turbulence as a mechanism of pulsatile tinnitus secondary to venous stenosis revealed by high-fidelity computational fluid dynamics. J Neurointerv Surg 2020; 13:732-737. [PMID: 33219149 PMCID: PMC8292577 DOI: 10.1136/neurintsurg-2020-016636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Background Pulsatile tinnitus (PT) is a debilitating condition that can be caused by a vascular abnormality, such as an arterial or venous lesion. Although treatment of PT-related venous lesions has been shown to successfully cure patients of the associated ‘tormenting’ rhythmical sound, much controversy still exists regarding their role in the etiology of PT. Methods A patient presented with a history of worsening, unilateral PT. A partial venous sinus obstruction related to the large arachnoid granulation was detected on the right side, and subsequently stented at the right transverse sinus. High-fidelity computational fluid dynamics (CFD) was performed on a 3D model digitally segmented from the pre-stent venogram, with assumed pulsatile flow rates. A post-stent CFD model was also constructed from this. Data-driven sonification was performed on the CFD velocity data, blinded to the patient’s self-reported sounds. Results The patient reported that the PT was completely resolved after stenting, and has had no recurrence of the symptoms after more than 2 years. CFD simulation revealed highly disturbed, turbulent-like flow at the sigmoid sinus close to auditory structures, producing a sonified audio signal that reproduced the subjective sonance of the patient’s PT. No turbulence or sounds were evident at the stenosis, or anywhere in the post-stent model. Conclusions For the first time, turbulence generated distal to a venous stenosis is shown to be a cause of PT. High-fidelity CFD may be useful for identifying patients with such ‘torrents’ of flow, to help guide treatment decision-making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vitor M Pereira
- Division of Neuroradiology, Department of Medical Imaging, Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada .,Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Mehdi Najafi
- Department of Mechanical & Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto Faculty of Applied Science and Engineering, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Dan MacDonald
- Department of Mechanical & Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto Faculty of Applied Science and Engineering, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Thangam Natarajan
- Department of Mechanical & Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto Faculty of Applied Science and Engineering, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ivan Radovanovic
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Timo Krings
- Division of Neuroradiology, Department of Medical Imaging, Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - John Rutka
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Patrick Nicholson
- Division of Neuroradiology, Department of Medical Imaging, Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - David A Steinman
- Mechanical & Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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17
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Drescher F, Maus V, Weber W, Fischer S. Pulsatile tinnitus due to an aneurysmatic diverticulum of the jugular bulb treated with the Woven EndoBridge device. Interv Neuroradiol 2019; 26:235-238. [PMID: 31645157 DOI: 10.1177/1591019919881582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Tinnitus is a common symptom with an incidence of 4-20%. Pulsatile tinnitus represents a minor subgroup of less than 10% of all patients suffering from tinnitus. Pulsatile tinnitus - different from permanent mostly idiopathic tinnitus is mainly caused by physical sources related to vascular pathologies resulting in a change in blood volume and pressure or an alteration of the vessel lumen. Differential diagnosis for pulsatile tinnitus include dural arteriovenous fistulas, glomus tumors of the jugular foramen and the middle ear or atherosclerotic diseases of the carotid artery in the petrous or cavernous segment. Anomalies of the dural sinuses and the jugular bulb have been described as rare sources of synchronized tinnitus. The Woven EndoBridge (WEB, Microvention, Tustin, CA) is an intraaneurysmal flow diverter for the treatment of broad-based arterial aneurysms with a high safety and effectiveness profile. The initial version of the WEB with a dual layer structure evolved to a single layer structure in two different versions (WEB SL, WEB SLS). The WEB system does not require a concomitant antiplatelet therapy compared to other intraluminal devices as extra-aneurysmal flow-diverters or intracranial stents. Here we describe a case of an aneurysmatic diverticulum of the jugular bulb in a patient with ipsilateral pulsatile tinnitus treated with a WEB device.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Drescher
- Knappschaftskrankenhaus Bochum-Langendreer - Universitätsklinik - Institut für Diagnostische und Interventionelle Radiologie, Neuroradiologie, Nuklearmedizin, Bochum, Germany
| | - V Maus
- Knappschaftskrankenhaus Bochum-Langendreer - Universitätsklinik - Institut für Diagnostische und Interventionelle Radiologie, Neuroradiologie, Nuklearmedizin, Bochum, Germany
| | - W Weber
- Knappschaftskrankenhaus Bochum-Langendreer - Universitätsklinik - Institut für Diagnostische und Interventionelle Radiologie, Neuroradiologie, Nuklearmedizin, Bochum, Germany
| | - S Fischer
- Knappschaftskrankenhaus Bochum-Langendreer - Universitätsklinik - Institut für Diagnostische und Interventionelle Radiologie, Neuroradiologie, Nuklearmedizin, Bochum, Germany
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18
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Yang IH, Pereira VM, Lenck S, Nicholson P, Orru E, Klostranec JM, Krings T, Tsang ACO. Endovascular treatment of debilitating tinnitus secondary to cerebral venous sinus abnormalities: a literature review and technical illustration. J Neurointerv Surg 2019; 11:841-846. [DOI: 10.1136/neurintsurg-2019-014725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2019] [Revised: 02/17/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Background and objectivePulsatile tinnitus (PT) can be debilitating and lead to significant morbidity. Cerebral venous sinus lesions, such as venous sinus stenosis, diverticula, and high-riding jugular bulb, are uncommon causes of PT, for which there is no standard treatment. Endovascular interventions have shown promising results for PT secondary to idiopathic intracranial hypertension, and may be a valid therapeutic option for isolated venous PT.MethodsWe conducted a systematic literature review on the outcome and safety of endovascular treatment for patients with isolated, debilitating venous PT. The venous lesion characteristics, endovascular techniques, complications, and clinical outcomes were assessed. In addition, an illustrative case of endovascular stenting for PT caused by venous sinus stenosis was included.ResultsA total of 41 patients (90.2% female) from 26 papers were included. The median age was 46 years (IQR 23; range 25–72 years). Focal venous sinus stenosis (20 patients) and sinus diverticula (14 patients) were the most common culprit lesions. Endovascular treatment included venous sinus stenting in 35 patients, 11 of whom had adjuvant coil embolization, and coil embolization alone in six patients. Complete resolution of the tinnitus was achieved in 95.1% of patients. There was one complication of cerebellar infarct, and no procedure-related mortality.ConclusionsIn patients with debilitating PT secondary to venous sinus lesions, endovascular treatment by stenting and/or coil embolization appears to be safe and effective. Prospective randomized studies with objective outcome assessments are needed to confirm the treatment benefits.
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19
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Jugular Bulb Resurfacing With Bone Cement for Patients With High Dehiscent Jugular Bulb and Ipsilateral Pulsatile Tinnitus. Otol Neurotol 2019; 40:192-199. [DOI: 10.1097/mao.0000000000002093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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20
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Manjila S, Bazil T, Kay M, Udayasankar UK, Semaan M. Jugular bulb and skull base pathologies: proposal for a novel classification system for jugular bulb positions and microsurgical implications. Neurosurg Focus 2018; 45:E5. [DOI: 10.3171/2018.5.focus18106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVEThere is no definitive or consensus classification system for the jugular bulb position that can be uniformly communicated between a radiologist, neurootologist, and neurosurgeon. A high-riding jugular bulb (HRJB) has been variably defined as a jugular bulb that rises to or above the level of the basal turn of the cochlea, within 2 mm of the internal auditory canal (IAC), or to the level of the superior tympanic annulus. Overall, there is a seeming lack of consensus, especially when MRI and/or CT are used for jugular bulb evaluation without a dedicated imaging study of the venous anatomy such as digital subtraction angiography or CT or MR venography.METHODSA PubMed analysis of “jugular bulb” comprised of 1264 relevant articles were selected and analyzed specifically for an HRJB. A novel classification system based on preliminary skull base imaging using CT is proposed by the authors for conveying the anatomical location of the jugular bulb. This new classification includes the following types: type 1, no bulb; type 2, below the inferior margin of the posterior semicircular canal (SCC), subclassified as type 2a (without dehiscence into the middle ear) or type 2b (with dehiscence into the middle ear); type 3, between the inferior margin of the posterior SCC and the inferior margin of the IAC, subclassified as type 3a (without dehiscence into the middle ear) and type 3b (with dehiscence into the middle ear); type 4, above the inferior margin of the IAC, subclassified as type 4a (without dehiscence into the IAC) and type 4b (with dehiscence into the IAC); and type 5, combination of dehiscences. Appropriate CT and MR images of the skull base were selected to validate the criteria and further demonstrated using 3D reconstruction of DICOM files. The microsurgical significance of the proposed classification is evaluated with reference to specific skull base/posterior fossa pathologies.RESULTSThe authors validated the role of a novel classification of jugular bulb location that can help effective communication between providers treating skull base lesions. Effective utilization of the above grading system can help plan surgical procedures and anticipate complications.CONCLUSIONSThe authors have proposed a novel anatomical/radiological classification system for jugular bulb location with respect to surgical implications. This classification can help surgeons in complication avoidance and management when addressing HRJBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunil Manjila
- 1Department of Neurosurgery, McLaren Bay Region Medical Center, Bay City, Michigan
| | - Timothy Bazil
- 1Department of Neurosurgery, McLaren Bay Region Medical Center, Bay City, Michigan
| | - Matthew Kay
- 2Department of Medical Imaging, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, Arizona; and
| | - Unni K. Udayasankar
- 2Department of Medical Imaging, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, Arizona; and
| | - Maroun Semaan
- 3Department of ENT, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio
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21
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Yeo W, Xu S, Tan T, Low Y, Yuen H. Surgical management of pulsatile tinnitus secondary to jugular bulb or sigmoid sinus diverticulum with review of literature. Am J Otolaryngol 2018; 39:247-252. [PMID: 29336902 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjoto.2017.12.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2017] [Accepted: 12/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Jugular bulb and sigmoid sinus anomalies are well-known causes of vascular pulsatile tinnitus. Common anomalies reported in the literature include high-riding and/or dehiscent jugular bulb, and sigmoid sinus dehiscence. However, cases of pulsatile tinnitus due to diverticulosis of the jugular bulb or sigmoid sinus are less commonly encountered, with the best management option yet to be established. In particular, reports on surgical management of pulsatile tinnitus caused by jugular bulb diverticulum have been lacking in the literature. OBJECTIVES To report two cases of pulsatile tinnitus with jugular bulb and/or sigmoid sinus diverticulum, and their management strategies and outcomes. In this series, we describe the first reported successful case of pulsatile tinnitus due to jugular bulb diverticulum that was surgically-treated. SUBJECTS AND METHODS Two patients diagnosed with either jugular bulb and/or sigmoid sinus diverticulum, who had presented to the Otolaryngology clinic with pulsatile tinnitus between 2016 and 2017, were studied. Demographic and clinical data were obtained, including their management details and clinical outcomes. RESULTS Two cases (one with jugular bulb diverticulum and one with both sigmoid sinus and jugular bulb diverticula) underwent surgical intervention, and both had immediate resolution of pulsatile tinnitus post-operatively. This was sustained at subsequent follow-up visits at the outpatient clinic, and there were no major complications encountered for both cases intra- and post-operatively. CONCLUSION Transmastoid reconstruction/resurfacing of jugular bulb and sigmoid sinus diverticulum with/without obliteration of the diverticulum is a safe and effective approach in the management of bothersome pulsatile tinnitus arising from these causes.
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Venous Diverticula Causing Pulsatile Tinnitus Treated With Coil Embolization and Stent Placement With Resolution of Symptoms: Report of Two Cases and Review of the Literature. Otol Neurotol 2017; 38:e302-e307. [DOI: 10.1097/mao.0000000000001540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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