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Smith RDJ, Hanrahan M, Gerber A, Tanaka MJ. Patellofemoral Disorders in Soccer Players. Sports Med Arthrosc Rev 2024; 32:146-155. [PMID: 39087704 DOI: 10.1097/jsa.0000000000000390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
Patellofemoral disorders are common in the world of soccer and impact players across all levels and ages of the sport. Patellofemoral disorders encompass a spectrum of conditions, from anterior knee pain to patellar instability, and are often influenced by complex biomechanical factors and anatomic variations that can predispose to these conditions. In recent years, there has been a growing emphasis on injury prevention strategies and data-driven approaches, championed by organizations like the Union of European Football Associations and individual professional clubs. Conservative management remains the initial approach for many players, including physical therapy and supportive devices. However, surgical intervention, particularly in cases of recurrent patellar dislocations, is often necessary. The understanding of patellofemoral biomechanics in soccer continues to evolve and offers opportunities for more effective injury prevention and tailored treatment strategies. Despite the challenges, a comprehensive approach to patellofemoral disorders in soccer is essential to preserve player health, enhance performance, and sustain the sport's vitality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard D J Smith
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
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Hardaker NJ, Hume PA, Sims ST. Differences in Injury Profiles Between Female and Male Athletes Across the Participant Classification Framework: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Sports Med 2024; 54:1595-1665. [PMID: 38536647 DOI: 10.1007/s40279-024-02010-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Female sex is a significant determinant of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury. It is not understood if sex is a key determinant of other sports-related injuries. OBJECTIVE The aim of this systematic review was to identify where differences in injury profiles are most apparent between the sexes in all sports across the six-tiered participant classification framework. METHODS This systematic review was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement and the 'implementing PRISMA in Exercise, Rehabilitation, Sport medicine and SporTs science'(PERSiST) guidance. The databases PubMed, CINAHL, Web of Science, SPORTDiscus, Medline, Scopus, Cochrane Library and EBSCO were searched from database inception to 24 April 2023. Longitudinal, prospective and retrospective cohort studies and cross-sectional and descriptive epidemiology studies that used standard injury data collection were included. Studies were excluded if injuries were not medically diagnosed and if injuries were not reported and/or analysed by sex. Two reviewers independently extracted data and assessed study quality using the Downs and Black checklist. RESULTS Overall, 180 studies were included (8 tier-5, 40 tier-4, 98 tier-3, 30 tier-2, 5 tier-1 studies; one study included data in two tiers). Of those, 174 studies were of moderate quality and six studies were of limited quality. In sex-comparable sports, there was moderate evidence that female athletes had greater risk of knee injury (relative risk (RR) 2.7; 95% CI 1.4-5.5), foot/ankle injuries (RR 1.25; 95% CI 1.17-1.34), bone stress injury (RR 3.4; 95% CI 2.1-5.4) and concussion (RR 8.46; 95% CI 1.04-68.77) than male athletes. Male athletes were at increased risk of hip/groin injuries (RR 2.26; 95% CI 1.31-3.88) and hamstring injuries (RR 2.4; 95% CI 1.8-3.2) compared with females, particularly in dynamic sports. Male athletes were 1.8 (1.37-2.7) to 2.8 (2.45-3.24) times more likely to sustain acute fractures than female athletes, with the highest risk in competition. DISCUSSION Most studies in all cohorts were of moderate quality (mean/range of scores tier-5: 17 ± 2.2 [14-20], tier-4: 16.9 ± 1.9 [11-21], tier-3: 16.9 ± 1.5 [11-20], tier-2: 16.3 ± 2.2 [11-20], tier-1 studies: 15.6 ± 1.3 [14-17] out of 28 on the Downs and Black checklist), with only six studies of limited quality. Female athletes' propensity for bone stress injuries highlights opportunities to reinforce development of optimal bone health during adolescence and to outline the effects of energy availability. Earlier strength development and exposure to neuromuscular training programmes and modification of skill development in female athletes may be effective strategies for reducing lower limb injury risk. Key components of neuromuscular training programmes could be beneficial for reducing hip/groin and hamstring injury risk in male athletes. There may be a need for sex-specific prevention and return-to-sport protocols for sports-related concussion in female athletes. CONCLUSIONS Female sex was a key determinant of sports-related injuries beyond ACL injury including foot/ankle injury, bone stress injury and sports-related concussion. Male sex was a key determinant of hip/groin, hamstring injury and upper limb injury. TRIAL REGISTRY PROSPERO registration number: CRD42017058806 (last updated on 7th June 2023).
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie J Hardaker
- Sports Performance Research Institute New Zealand (SPRINZ), Faculty of Health and Environmental Science, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand.
- Accident Compensation Corporation, Wellington, New Zealand.
| | - Patria A Hume
- Sports Performance Research Institute New Zealand (SPRINZ), Faculty of Health and Environmental Science, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
- Auckland Bioengineering Institute, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- Tech & Policy Lab, Law School, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Stacy T Sims
- Sports Performance Research Institute New Zealand (SPRINZ), Faculty of Health and Environmental Science, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
- Stanford Lifestyle Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
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Romero-Morales C, López-López D, Almazán-Polo J, Mogedano-Cruz S, Sosa-Reina MD, García-Pérez-de-Sevilla G, Martín-Pérez S, González-de-la-Flor Á. Prevalence, diagnosis and management of musculoskeletal disorders in elite athletes: A mini-review. Dis Mon 2024; 70:101629. [PMID: 37716840 DOI: 10.1016/j.disamonth.2023.101629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/18/2023]
Abstract
Musculoskeletal injuries in elite sports are ones of the most impact issue because their remarkable impact on performance caused by drastic absence of training and competition and a progressive deterioration in physical health, emotional and social athletes' dimensions. Also, the prevalence of epidemiologic research found an incidence of musculoskeletal disorders vary within sports and in elite athletes which is even higher as a consequence of higher demand physical performance. This way, the loss of physical performance due to an sport injury impacts not only the individual economic sphere of the professional but also that ofsports entities, reaching, according to some studies, a loss estimated in the range of 74.7 million pounds. Thus, the purpose of this article is to review and to provide an overview of the most common musculoskeletal injuries in elite sports precipitating factors, clinical presentation, evidence-based diagnostic evaluation, and treatment recommendations with a view to preventing medical conditions or musculoskeletal injuries that may alter performance and general health in the elite athletes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Romero-Morales
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Villaviciosa de Odón, 28670 Madrid, Spain
| | - Daniel López-López
- Research, Health and Podiatry Group, Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Nursing and Podiatry, Industrial Campus of Ferrol , Universidade da Coruña, 15403 Ferrol, Spain.
| | - Jaime Almazán-Polo
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Villaviciosa de Odón, 28670 Madrid, Spain
| | - Sara Mogedano-Cruz
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Villaviciosa de Odón, 28670 Madrid, Spain
| | - María Dolores Sosa-Reina
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Villaviciosa de Odón, 28670 Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Sebastián Martín-Pérez
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Europea de Canarias, La Orotava, Santa Cruz de Tenerife 38300, Spain
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Patel S, Lavoie-Gagne O, Mehta N, Farah G, Korrapati A, Forsythe B. Patellar fracture among elite-level European soccer players: 4-year case-control cohort analysis of return to play, re-injury, and player performance. PHYSICIAN SPORTSMED 2022; 51:275-284. [PMID: 35587816 DOI: 10.1080/00913847.2022.2077087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES There is a paucity of literature investigating the relationship between patellar fracture and player performance of professional soccer players following return to play (RTP). Our goal is to determine the rate of RTP, time to RTP, and effect on player performance following patellar fracture. METHODS Twenty-one elite-level European professional soccer players who sustained a patellar fracture between 1999 and 2018 were identified via a publicly accessible database. Athletes with patellar fracture were matched to controls by age, height, years played in the league, season of injury, and position. Change in performance metrics between one season prior to injury and the following four seasons after injury were compared. RESULTS Players with patellar fracture were absent for a mean 207.95 ± 135.55 days and 16.81 ± 31.79 games. Fifteen (71%) players returned to play after injury with 67% returning within 1 season after injury. Injured players did not demonstrate significant change in performance metrics at any of the follow-up timepoints compared to control. Subgroup analysis showed that attackers recorded approximately 1200 fewer minutes played per season than pre-injury levels 2 seasons following injury, significantly fewer (p < 0.05) than the control cohort recording similar minutes per season throughout the study period. Midfielders and defenders demonstrated similar fluctuations in performance to the control cohort for both field time and performance metrics (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION Seventy-one percent of players RTP after patellar fracture with an associated absence of 7 months and 17 missed games. Overall, injured players did not demonstrate a significant decline in performance as demonstrated by games played, total minutes played per season, minutes per game, assists, and goals 1 season after injury. Attackers played fewer minutes during the season of and 2 seasons after the initial injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumit Patel
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Western Michigan University, Homer Stryker MD School of Medicine, Kalamazoo, MI, USA
| | - Ophelie Lavoie-Gagne
- Harvard Combined Orthopaedic Surgery Program, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Nabil Mehta
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Midwest Orthopaedics at Rush, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Ghassan Farah
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Midwest Orthopaedics at Rush, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Avinaash Korrapati
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Midwest Orthopaedics at Rush, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Brian Forsythe
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Midwest Orthopaedics at Rush, Chicago, IL, USA
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Kamalapathy P, K Rush J, Montgomery SR, Diduch DR, Werner BC. A National Perspective of Patellar Instability in Children and Adolescents in the United States: MPFL Reconstruction Is Three Times Higher Than the Incidence of Isolated Lateral Release. Arthroscopy 2022; 38:466-473.e1. [PMID: 34126218 DOI: 10.1016/j.arthro.2021.05.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The objective was to (1) evaluate any recent changes in the United States in the incidences of medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL) reconstruction and isolated lateral release for patellar instability in children and adolescents, (2) identify concomitant procedures with MPFL, and (3) report national complication rates after MPFL reconstruction with and without concomitant procedures in children and adolescents. METHODS A national database was queried for patients aged 5 to 18 years who underwent operative treatment for patellar instability from 2010 to 2018. Inclusion criteria were either an MPFL reconstruction or lateral release for a diagnosis of patellar instability. Concomitant procedures with MPFL reconstruction assessed were tibial tubercle osteotomy, associated arthroscopic procedures, and lateral release. Changes in incidence in MPFL reconstruction, lateral release and concomitant procedures were assessed. The following postoperative complications were assessed: knee stiffness, infection, patella fracture, and growth arrest or angular deformity. RESULTS 2,161 patients who underwent MPFL reconstruction and 1,159 patients who underwent isolated lateral release for patellar instability were identified. The incidence of MPFL reconstruction in adolescents from 2010 to 2018 did not change significantly (2010: 7.11, 2018: 5.91, P = .137), while isolated lateral release decreased (2010: 6.06, 2018: 1.83, P < .0001). Concomitant procedures with MPFL reconstruction were common, with arthroscopy being the most frequent (58-67%). The most common complication within 90 days of surgery was patella fracture (0.4% to 2.0%). Infection (0.4% to 1.0%) and growth arrest (0.09% to 0.61%) were the least common. MPFL and arthroscopy had a decreased risk of growth arrest following surgery compared to MPFL alone (P = .038). CONCLUSIONS The incidence of MPFL reconstruction remained high from 2010 to 2018, while isolated lateral release decreased during the same time period. Complications after MPFL reconstruction, isolated lateral release, and concomitant procedures were infrequent, with postoperative patella fracture the most common. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE IV, case series.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pramod Kamalapathy
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, Virginia, U.S.A
| | - Jeremy K Rush
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, Virginia, U.S.A
| | - Samuel R Montgomery
- School of Medicine, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, Virginia, U.S.A
| | - David R Diduch
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, Virginia, U.S.A
| | - Brian C Werner
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, Virginia, U.S.A..
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Li LT, Bokshan SL, Lemme NJ, Testa EJ, Owens BD, Cruz AI. Predictors of Surgery and Cost of Care Associated with Patellar Instability in the Pediatric and Young Adult Population. Arthrosc Sports Med Rehabil 2021; 3:e1279-e1286. [PMID: 34712964 PMCID: PMC8527270 DOI: 10.1016/j.asmr.2021.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To determine how patient demographics, socioeconomic status, history of recurrence, and initial point of presentation for health care influenced the decision for surgical treatment following a patellar instability episode. Methods The New York SPARCS database from 2016 to 2018 was queried for patients aged 21 and younger who were diagnosed with a patellar instability episode. These were linked to later surgeries with Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) codes 27405 (MPFL repair), 27418 (tibial tubercle osteotomy), 27420 (dislocating patella reconstruction), 27422 (Campbell/Roux-Goldthwait procedure), and 27427 (extra-articular knee ligamentous reconstruction). χ2-analysis and binary logistic regression were used to assess demographic and injury-specific variables for association with operative management. A generalized linear model was used to estimate charges associated with patellar instability. Results There were 2,557 patients with patellar instability, 134 (5.2%) of whom underwent surgery. Patients with recurrent instability had 1.875 times higher odds of undergoing surgery (P = .017). Compared to white patients, black patients had 0.428 times the odds of surgery (P = .004). None of the patients without insurance had surgery. In the cost model, an initial visit to an outpatient office was associated with $1,994 lower charges compared to an emergency department (ED) visit (P < .001). Black patients had $566 more in charges than White patients (P = .009). Compared with nonoperative treatment, surgeries with CPT 27405 added $13,124, CPT 27418 added $10,749, CPT 27422 added $18,981, CPT 27420 added $23,700, and CPT 27427 added $25,032 (all P < .001). Conclusions Patients with recurrent instability had higher odds of surgery, while Black and uninsured patients had lower odds of surgery. ED visits were associated with significantly higher charges compared to office visits, and Black patients had higher charges than white patients. Minority and uninsured patients may face barriers in access to orthopedic care. Level of Evidence Level III, retrospective cohort study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lambert T. Li
- Address correspondence to Lambert T. Li, B.A., Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sports Injury Laboratory, Brown University, Warren Alpert School of Medicine, 1 Kettle Point Ave., Providence, RI 02906, U.S.A.
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Chen KK, Chan JJ, Ranson W, Debellis N, Huang HH, Vulcano E, Colvin A. Epidemiology of Acute Extensor Mechanism Injuries in Collegiate-Level Athletes in the United States. Sports Health 2021; 14:262-272. [PMID: 33966513 DOI: 10.1177/19417381211012969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Extensor mechanism injuries involving the quadriceps tendon, patella, or patellar tendon can be a devastating setback for athletes. Despite the potential severity and relative frequency with which these injuries occur, large-scale epidemiological data on collegiate-level athletes are lacking. STUDY DESIGN Descriptive epidemiology study. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level 4. METHODS Knee extensor mechanism injuries across 16 sports among National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) men and women during the 2004-2005 to 2013-2014 academic years were analyzed using the NCAA Injury Surveillance Program (NCAA-ISP). Extensor mechanism injuries per 100,000 athlete-exposures (AEs), operative rate, annual injury and reinjury rates, in-season status (pre-/regular/postseason), and time lost were compiled and calculated. RESULTS A total of 11,778,265 AEs were identified and included in the study. Overall, 1,748 extensor mechanism injuries were identified, with an injury rate (IR) of 14.84 (per 100,000 AEs). N = 114 (6.5%) injuries were classified as severe injuries with a relatively higher median time loss (44 days) and operative risk (18.42%). Male athletes had higher risk of season-ending injuries in both all (3.20% vs 0.89%, P < 0.01) and severe (41.54% vs 16.33%, P < 0.01) extensor mechanism injuries. Similarly, contact injuries were more frequently season-ending injuries (4.44% vs 1.69%, P = 0.01). Women's soccer (IR = 2.59), women's field hockey (IR = 2.15), and women's cross country (IR = 2.14) were the sports with the highest rate of severe extensor mechanism injuries. CONCLUSION Extensor mechanism injuries in collegiate athletes represent a significant set of injuries both in terms of volume and potentially to their athletic careers. Male athletes and contact injuries appear to have a greater risk of severe injuries. Injuries defined as severe had a higher risk of operative intervention and greater amount of missed playing time. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Knowledge of the epidemiology of extensor mechanism injuries may help clinicians guide their athlete patients in sports-related injury prevention and management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin K Chen
- Leni and Peter W. May Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Jimmy J Chan
- Leni and Peter W. May Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - William Ranson
- Leni and Peter W. May Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Nicholas Debellis
- Leni and Peter W. May Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Hsin-Hui Huang
- Leni and Peter W. May Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Ettore Vulcano
- Leni and Peter W. May Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York.,Columbia University Division of Orthopedics at Mount Sinai Medical Center, Miami Beach, Florida
| | - Alexis Colvin
- Leni and Peter W. May Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
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Chow DHK, Wang J, Wan P, Zheng L, Ong MTY, Huang L, Tong W, Tan L, Yang K, Qin L. Biodegradable magnesium pins enhanced the healing of transverse patellar fracture in rabbits. Bioact Mater 2021; 6:4176-4185. [PMID: 33997501 PMCID: PMC8099917 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2021.03.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2020] [Revised: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Displaced fractures of patella often require open reduction surgery and internal fixation to restore the extensor continuity and articular congruity. Fracture fixation with biodegradable magnesium (Mg) pins enhanced fracture healing. We hypothesized that fixation with Mg pins and their degradation over time would enhance healing of patellar fracture radiologically, mechanically, and histologically. Transverse patellar fracture surgery was performed on thirty-two 18-weeks old female New Zealand White Rabbits. The fracture was fixed with a pin made of stainless steel or pure Mg, and a figure-of-eight stainless steel band wire. Samples were harvested at week 8 or 12, and assessed with microCT, tensile testing, microindentation, and histology. Microarchitectural analysis showed that Mg group showed 12% higher in the ratio of bone volume to tissue volume at week 8, and 38.4% higher of bone volume at week 12. Tensile testing showed that the failure load and stiffness of Mg group were 66.9% and 104% higher than the control group at week 8, respectively. At week 12, Mg group was 60.8% higher in ultimate strength than the control group. Microindentation showed that, compared to the Control group, Mg group showed 49.9% higher Vickers hardness and 31% higher elastic modulus at week 8 and 12, respectively. At week 12, the new bone of Mg group remodelled to laminar bone, but those of the control group remained woven bone-like. Fixation of transverse patellar fracture with Mg pins and its degradation enhanced new bone formation and mechanical properties of the repaired patella compared to the Control group. Kirschner wires (K-wire) with tension band wire is widely used fixation implants for repairing of displaced patellar fractures. Fixation of patellar fracture with Mg pins enhanced new bone formation and mechanical properties of the repaired patella. With a stainless steel tension band wire, Mg pins may be an alternative to K-wire for fixation of patellar fractures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dick Ho Kiu Chow
- Musculoskeletal Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Innovative Orthopaedic Biomaterial and Drug Translational Research Laboratory, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jiali Wang
- Musculoskeletal Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Innovative Orthopaedic Biomaterial and Drug Translational Research Laboratory, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Peng Wan
- Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, China.,School of Materials Science and Engineering, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan, China
| | - Lizhen Zheng
- Musculoskeletal Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Innovative Orthopaedic Biomaterial and Drug Translational Research Laboratory, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Michael Tim Yun Ong
- Musculoskeletal Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Le Huang
- Musculoskeletal Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Innovative Orthopaedic Biomaterial and Drug Translational Research Laboratory, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Wenxue Tong
- Musculoskeletal Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Innovative Orthopaedic Biomaterial and Drug Translational Research Laboratory, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Lili Tan
- Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, China
| | - Ke Yang
- Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, China
| | - Ling Qin
- Musculoskeletal Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Innovative Orthopaedic Biomaterial and Drug Translational Research Laboratory, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
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Glaviano NR, Boling MC, Fraser JJ. Anterior Knee Pain Risk Differs Between Sex and Occupation in Military Tactical Athletes. J Athl Train 2021; 56:1180-1187. [PMID: 33787888 DOI: 10.4085/1062-6050-0578.20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Anterior knee pain (AKP) is ubiquitous in early-career military members and exacerbated during functional tasks required during military duties. Therefore, it is important to understand risk of this condition in male and female tactical athletes in diverse military occupations. OBJECTIVE To assess sex and occupation on AKP risk in military members. DESIGN Descriptive Epidemiology Study. SETTING United States Armed Forces. Patients All military members diagnosed with anterior or retro-patellar pain, patellar instability, knee tendinopathy on their initial encounter from 2006 to 2015. OUTCOME MEASURES The Defense Medical Epidemiology Database was queried for the number of individuals with AKP. Relative risk (RR) and chi-square statistics were calculated in the assessment of sex and occupational category. Regressions were calculated to determine association between service branch, sex, and AKP across time. RESULTS From 2006-2015, a total of 151,263 enlisted and 14,335 officer services members were diagnosed with AKP. Enlisted females had an incidence rate of 16.7 per 1000 person-years compared to the enlisted male service members with an incidence rate of 12.7 per 1000 person-years (RR: 1.32, 95%CI: 1.30-1.34, p<0.001) across all AKP diagnoses. Female officers had an incidence rate of 10.7 per 1,000 person-years compared to male officers at an incidence rate of 5.3 per 1000 person-years (RR: 2.01, 95%CI: 1.94-2.09). Differences in risk were also noted across military occupation for both enlisted and officer service members (p<.05). CONCLUSION Sex and military occupation were salient factors for AKP risk. Evaluation of training requirements and developing interventions programs across military occupation could serve as a focus for future research aiming to mitigate associated risk factors of AKP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neal R Glaviano
- 1Department of Kinesiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT. . Twitter: @NealGlaviano
| | - Michelle C Boling
- 2Brooks College of Health, University of North Florida, Jacksonville, FL. . Twitter: @mcboling23
| | - John J Fraser
- 1Department of Kinesiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT. . Twitter: @NealGlaviano
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Tsai YJ, Huang YC, Chen YL, Hsu YW, Kuo YL. A Pilot Study of Hip Corrective Taping Using Kinesio Tape for Pain and Lower Extremity Joint Kinematics in Basketball Players with Patellofemoral Pain. J Pain Res 2020; 13:1497-1503. [PMID: 32606915 PMCID: PMC7320900 DOI: 10.2147/jpr.s256466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose This pilot study aimed to determine the feasibility of hip corrective taping to improve self-reported knee pain and lower extremity joint kinematics in basketball players with patellofemoral pain. Patients and Methods A single group pre-test and post-test design. Collegiate basketball players with patellofemoral pain were recruited. Three-dimensional hip and knee joint kinematics were measured during two tasks, single-leg squat (SLS) and lay-up jump (LUJ), and each task was conducted under no-taping and taping conditions. Subjective report of pain was compared between no-taping and taping conditions only during SLS. Results Twelve collegiate basketball players with patellofemoral pain (median age, 22.7 [2.5] years; mean height, 173.8 ± 7.4 cm; mean weight, 72.5 ± 12.8 kg) participated in this study. Compared with no-taping, the use of hip corrective taping significantly increased the hip abduction angle at the instant of the maximal vertical ground reaction force during LUJ (no-taping vs taping: 0.6° ± 6.3° vs 3.3° ± 5.1°, p = 0.029), and also caused a trend of decreased maximal hip internal rotation angle during SLS (no-taping vs taping: 8.0° ± 6.6° vs 4.7° ± 6.9°, p = 0.050). Hip corrective taping also improved self-reported knee pain during SLS (no-taping vs taping: 3.4 ± 1.7 vs 2.6 ± 1.0, p = 0.046). Conclusion Hip corrective taping may be used as an effective intervention for athletes with patellofemoral pain during basketball-related tasks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Ju Tsai
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.,Institute of Allied Health Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yueh-Chu Huang
- Department of Acupressure Technology, Chung Hwa University of Medical Technology, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ling Chen
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Wen Hsu
- School of Community Health Sciences, University of Nevada, Reno, NV, USA
| | - Yi-Liang Kuo
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
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