Piao Z, Malkhosyan SR. Frequent loss Xq25 on the inactive X chromosome in primary breast carcinomas is associated with tumor grade and axillary lymph node metastasis.
Genes Chromosomes Cancer 2002;
33:262-9. [PMID:
11807983 DOI:
10.1002/gcc.10024]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
We previously applied arbitrarily primed polymerase chain reaction DNA fingerprinting to identify molecular genetic alterations in primary breast carcinomas. One of the most frequently observed fingerprint alterations was a reduction in the intensity of the MCG1-B2 band in 32% of tumors, indicating recurrent loss of X-chromosome segments. This article reports a mapping analysis of those chromosomal deletions. The subchromosomal origin of MCG1-B2 was determined to be the Xq25 chromosomal region. Loss of heterozygosity (LOH) analysis was carried out on 72 infiltrating ductal carcinomas with a panel of seven microsatellite markers spanning Xq25. The smallest common region of the X-chromosome deletions was mapped to between markers DXS8059 and DXS8009, with the highest LOH frequency of 52.4% at the DXS8098 locus. The LOH at DXS8098 was associated with larger tumor size (> 3 cm) (P = 0.048, Fisher exact test), higher histologic grade (P = 0.036, Fisher exact test), and axillary lymph node metastasis (P = 0.020, Fisher exact test). These results suggest that the Xq25 region harbors a putative tumor suppressor gene whose inactivation in breast cancer is associated with tumor progression and metastasis. LOH at this region, therefore, potentially could be used as a prognostic marker for disease development. One of the two X chromosomes is transcriptionally silent in women. The loss of the Xq25 region detected in this study occurred preferentially on the inactive X chromosome. This suggests that the putative tumor suppressor gene may escape X inactivation.
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