1
|
Mansouri P, Mansouri P, Behmard E, Najafipour S, Kouhpayeh SA, Farjadfar A. Peptidylarginine deiminase (PAD): A promising target for chronic diseases treatment. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 278:134576. [PMID: 39127273 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.134576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2024] [Revised: 07/26/2024] [Accepted: 08/06/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
In 1958, the presence of citrulline in the structure of the proteins was discovered for the first time. Several years later they found that Arginine converted to citrulline during a post-translational modification process by PAD enzyme. Each PAD is expressed in a certain tissue developing a series of diseases such as inflammation and cancers. Among these, PAD2 and PAD4 play a role in the development of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) by producing citrullinated autoantigens and increasing the production of inflammatory cytokines. PAD4 is also associated with the formation of NET structures and thrombosis. In the crystallographic structure, PAD has several calcium binding sites, and the active site of the enzyme consists of different amino acids. Various PAD inhibitors have been developed divided into pan-PAD and selective PAD inhibitors. F-amidine, Cl-amidine, and BB-Cl-amidine are some of pan-PAD inhibitors. AFM-30a and JBI589 are selective for PAD2 and PAD4, respectively. There is a need to evaluate the effectiveness of existing inhibitors more accurately in the coming years, as well as design and production of novel inhibitors targeting highly specific isoforms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pegah Mansouri
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
| | - Pardis Mansouri
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
| | - Esmaeil Behmard
- School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
| | - Sohrab Najafipour
- School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
| | - Seyed Amin Kouhpayeh
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran.
| | - Akbar Farjadfar
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
El-Mansi S, Mitchell TP, Mobayen G, McKinnon TAJ, Miklavc P, Frick M, Nightingale TD. Myosin-1C augments endothelial secretion of von Willebrand factor by linking contractile actomyosin machinery to the plasma membrane. Blood Adv 2024; 8:4714-4726. [PMID: 38669344 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2024012590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Blood endothelial cells control the hemostatic and inflammatory response by secreting von Willebrand factor (VWF) and P-selectin from storage organelles called Weibel-Palade bodies (WPBs). Actin-associated motor proteins regulate this secretory pathway at multiple points. Before fusion, myosin Va forms a complex that anchors WPBs to peripheral actin structures, allowing for the maturation of content. After fusion, an actomyosin ring/coat is recruited and compresses the WPB to forcibly expel the largest VWF multimers. Here, we provide, to our knowledge, the first evidence for the involvement of class I myosins during regulated VWF secretion. We show that the unconventional myosin-1C (Myo1c) is recruited after fusion via its pleckstrin homology domain in an actin-independent process. This provides a link between the actin ring and phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2) at the membrane of the fused organelle and is necessary to ensure maximal VWF secretion. This is an active process requiring Myo1c ATPase activity because inhibition of class I myosins using the inhibitor pentachloropseudilin or expression of an ATPase-deficient Myo1c rigor mutant perturbs the expulsion of VWF and alters the kinetics of the exocytic actin ring. These data offer a novel insight into the control of an essential physiological process and provide a new way in which it can be regulated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sammy El-Mansi
- Centre for Microvascular Research, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Tom P Mitchell
- Centre for Microvascular Research, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Golzar Mobayen
- Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Centre for Haematology, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, London, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas A J McKinnon
- Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Centre for Haematology, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, London, United Kingdom
| | - Pika Miklavc
- School of Science, Engineering & Environment, University of Salford, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Manfred Frick
- Institute of General Physiology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Thomas D Nightingale
- Centre for Microvascular Research, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Xu W, Tan X, Li ML, Xu H, Villegas J, Fu H. Von Willebrand factor and hematogenous cancer metastasis under flow. Front Cell Dev Biol 2024; 12:1435718. [PMID: 39282473 PMCID: PMC11401050 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2024.1435718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 09/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Hematogenous metastasis involves cancer cell migration to different locations from the primary tumor through the blood circulation. Von Willebrand factor (VWF) has been shown to play an important role in tumor cell adhesion to and extravasation from the endothelial cell lining of blood vessel walls during cancer metastasis. VWF may contribute to this process by interacting with tumor cells, endothelial cells, and platelets through various cell membrane receptors, such as platelet glycoprotein (GP)Ibα, P-selectin, ανβ3 and αIIbβ3 integrins, and glycocalyx. Blood flow can mechanically extend and activate VWF to bind platelets and associate intermolecularly with other VWF molecules in plasma or on the surface of endothelial cells, cancer cells, or platelets. This suggests a mechanoregulatory role of VWF in mediating the interactions between VWF and these cells to promote cancer cell adhesion to blood vessels. In this review, we will summarize the current knowledge of VWF function and the role of hydrodynamic forces in hematogenous cancer metastasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenxuan Xu
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Xi Tan
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Morgan L Li
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Hanzhi Xu
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Jasmine Villegas
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Hongxia Fu
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
- Bloodworks Research Institute, Seattle, WA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Sarani N, Dasgupta A, Enders M, Rowan L, Elsarraj H, Gralnek S, Shay M, Lemar LR, Simpson SQ, Cunningham MT, Zheng XL. Clinical Utility of Recently Food and Drug Administration-Approved IntelliSep Test (Sepsis Biomarker) for Early Diagnosis of Sepsis: Comparison with Other Biomarkers. J Clin Med 2024; 13:4852. [PMID: 39200994 PMCID: PMC11355800 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13164852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2024] [Revised: 08/13/2024] [Accepted: 08/14/2024] [Indexed: 09/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Context: IntelliSep by Cytovale has received United States (U.S.) Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval as a sepsis biomarker test. However, the clinical utility of this new test is not assessed in emergency departments. Objective: We investigated the clinical utility of this test using 44 patients visiting the emergency department at The University of Kansas Medical Center by comparing it with the monocyte distribution width (MDW) and other biomarkers including the von Willebrand factor (vWF) and ADAMTS13. Design and Methods: IntelliSep assesses the cellular host response via deformability cytometry of biophysical leukocyte properties and produces a score (IntelliSep Index; ISI: from 0.1 (lowest risk) to 10 (highest risk). We measured the ISI in 44 patients (19 high probability and 25 low probability of sepsis groups) using EDTA-anticoagulated blood. Left over plasma was used for measuring the plasma von Willebrand factor (vWF) and ADAMTS13 antigen by ELISA assays. The MDW was obtained during routine CBC analysis using a Beckman hematology analyzer. The lactate and high-sensitivity troponin I levels were measured using a Beckman analyzer. Procalcitonin was measured using a Cobas e801 analyzer. Results: The median ISI was twofold higher in the high-probability group than in the low-probability group (p < 0.01) while the median MDW was 34.5% higher in the high-probability group than in the low-probability group (p < 0.01). However, the correlation between the ISI and MDW was only modest (r = 0.66). In addition, significantly higher levels of plasma vWF antigen but lower levels of plasma ADAMTS13 antigen in the high-probability group were found, resulting in significantly higher vWF/ADAMTS13 ratios in the high-probability group than in the low-probability group. Conclusions: The new IntelliSep test along with vWF/ADAMTS13 ratios may be useful for the early diagnosis of sepsis in patients visiting the emergency department, which appears to be superior to the traditional marker, MDW.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nima Sarani
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA; (N.S.); (M.E.); (L.R.); (L.R.L.)
| | - Amitava Dasgupta
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA; (A.D.); (H.E.); (S.G.); (M.S.); (M.T.C.)
| | - Maria Enders
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA; (N.S.); (M.E.); (L.R.); (L.R.L.)
| | - Lauren Rowan
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA; (N.S.); (M.E.); (L.R.); (L.R.L.)
| | - Hanan Elsarraj
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA; (A.D.); (H.E.); (S.G.); (M.S.); (M.T.C.)
| | - Sarah Gralnek
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA; (A.D.); (H.E.); (S.G.); (M.S.); (M.T.C.)
| | - Madison Shay
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA; (A.D.); (H.E.); (S.G.); (M.S.); (M.T.C.)
| | - Lucas R. Lemar
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA; (N.S.); (M.E.); (L.R.); (L.R.L.)
| | - Steven Q. Simpson
- Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA;
| | - Mark T. Cunningham
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA; (A.D.); (H.E.); (S.G.); (M.S.); (M.T.C.)
| | - X. Long Zheng
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA; (A.D.); (H.E.); (S.G.); (M.S.); (M.T.C.)
- Institute of Reproductive Medicine and Developmental Sciences, The University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Yada N, Zhang Q, Bignotti A, Ye Z, Zheng XL. ADAMTS13 or Caplacizumab Reduces the Accumulation of Neutrophil Extracellular Traps and Thrombus in Whole Blood of COVID-19 Patients under Flow. Thromb Haemost 2024; 124:725-738. [PMID: 38272066 PMCID: PMC11260255 DOI: 10.1055/a-2253-9359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neutrophil NETosis and neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) play a critical role in pathogenesis of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-associated thrombosis. However, the extents and reserve of NETosis, and potential of thrombus formation under shear in whole blood of patients with COVID-19 are not fully elucidated. Neither has the role of recombinant ADAMTS13 or caplacizumab on the accumulation of NETs and thrombus in COVID-19 patients' whole blood under shear been investigated. METHODS Flow cytometry and microfluidic assay, as well as immunoassays, were employed for the study. RESULTS We demonstrated that the percentage of H3Cit + MPO+ neutrophils, indicative of NETosis, was dramatically increased in patients with severe but not critical COVID-19 compared with that in asymptomatic or mild disease controls. Upon stimulation with poly [I:C], a double strain DNA mimicking viral infection, or bacterial shigatoxin-2, the percentage of H3Cit + MPO+ neutrophils was not significantly increased in the whole blood of severe and critical COVID-19 patients compared with that of asymptomatic controls, suggesting the reduction in NETosis reserve in these patients. Microfluidic assay demonstrated that the accumulation of NETs and thrombus was significantly enhanced in the whole blood of severe/critical COVID-19 patients compared with that of asymptomatic controls. Like DNase I, recombinant ADAMTS13 or caplacizumab dramatically reduced the NETs accumulation and thrombus formation under arterial shear. CONCLUSION Significantly increased neutrophil NETosis, reduced NETosis reserve, and enhanced thrombus formation under arterial shear may play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of COVID-19-associated coagulopathy. Recombinant ADAMTS13 or caplacizumab may be explored for the treatment of COVID-19-associated thrombosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Noritaka Yada
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of Kansas Medical Center, Kanas City, Kansas, United States
| | - Quan Zhang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of Kansas Medical Center, Kanas City, Kansas, United States
| | - Antonia Bignotti
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of Kansas Medical Center, Kanas City, Kansas, United States
| | - Zhan Ye
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of Kansas Medical Center, Kanas City, Kansas, United States
| | - X. Long Zheng
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of Kansas Medical Center, Kanas City, Kansas, United States
- Institute of Reproductive Medicine and Developmental Sciences, The University of Kansas Medical Center, Kanas City, Kansas, United States
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Mazzotta C, Ingelfinger JR, Grabowski EF. Shiga toxin down-regulates ERG protein in endothelial cells and impairs angiogenesis. Thromb Res 2024; 240:109038. [PMID: 38850807 DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2024.109038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Shiga toxin (Stx) can activate inflammatory signaling, leading to vascular dysfunction and promotion of a pro-thrombotic tissue microenvironment. Stx can trigger the development of the enterohemorrhagic (childhood) hemolytic uremic syndrome (eHUS), a triad of thrombocytopenia, hemolytic anemia, and acute kidney injury, often requiring dialysis. Additional features may include damage to other organs, including the gastrointestinal tract, pancreas, brain and cardiovascular system; death occurs in 2-5 %. eHUS is a thrombotic microangiopathy; thus, endothelial cell (EC) injury and platelet fibrin thrombus formation in glomerular arterioles and in the arterioles of other affected organs are likely. To elucidate mechanisms of this microangiopathy, we examined in human ECs the regulation of the platelet adhesion proteins P-selectin and von Willebrand factor (VWF), along with the downregulation of erythroblast-transformation-specific transcription factor (ERG) a key regulator of angiogenesis and megakaryocyte development. METHODS VWF, P-selectin, and ERG levels were determined using immunofluorescence and Western blot in human umbilical endothelial cells (HUVECs). HUVECs were treated with tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), Stx-1 or both, versus normal controls. Capillary morphogenesis on Matrigel was performed using HUVECs treated, for 22 h with TNF-α, Stx-1, or both, or treated 4 h with Stx-1 alone or in combination with TNF-α for 22 h. RESULTS Stx-1 significantly reduced ERG and VWF expression on HUVECs, but upregulated P-selectin expression. ERG levels decreased with Stx-1 alone or in combination with TNF-α, in the nuclear, perinuclear and cytoplasmatic regions. Stx-1 reduced capillary morphogenesis, while Stx-1-TNF-α combined treatment reduced capillary morphogenesis still further. CONCLUSIONS In the presence of Stx-1 or TNF-α or both treatments, ECs were activated, expressing higher levels of P-selectin and lower levels of VWF. Our findings, further, provide evidence that Stx-1 downregulates ERG, repressing angiogenesis in vitro.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Celestina Mazzotta
- Cardiovascular Thrombosis Laboratory, Hematology/Oncology Division, Department of Pediatrics, *Massachusetts General Hospital for Children, Massachusetts General Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, United States
| | - Julie R Ingelfinger
- Nephology Division, Department of Pediatrics, Massachusetts General Hospital for Children, Massachusetts General Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Eric F Grabowski
- Cardiovascular Thrombosis Laboratory, Hematology/Oncology Division, Department of Pediatrics, *Massachusetts General Hospital for Children, Massachusetts General Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Seidizadeh O, Eikenboom JCJ, Denis CV, Flood VH, James P, Lenting PJ, Baronciani L, O'Donnell JS, Lillicrap D, Peyvandi F. von Willebrand disease. Nat Rev Dis Primers 2024; 10:51. [PMID: 39054329 DOI: 10.1038/s41572-024-00536-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
von Willebrand disease (VWD) is the most common inherited bleeding disorder. The disorder is characterized by excessive mucocutaneous bleeding. The most common bleeding manifestations of this condition include nosebleeds, bruising, bleeding from minor wounds, menorrhagia or postpartum bleeding in women as well as bleeding after surgery. Other less frequent symptoms include gastrointestinal bleeding, haematomas or haemarthroses. VWD pathophysiology is complex and results from defects in von Willebrand factor (VWF) glycoprotein. Quantitative deficiencies are responsible for type 1 VWD with a partial decrease of VWF and type 3 with the complete absence of VWF. Qualitative abnormalities cause type 2 VWD, being further divided into types 2A, 2B, 2M and 2N. Although common, VWD is at risk of misdiagnosis, overdiagnosis and underdiagnosis owing to several factors, including complex diagnosis, variability of bleeding symptoms, presence of external variables (blood groups and other physiological modifiers such as exercise, thyroid hormones, oestrogens, and ageing), and lack of disease awareness among non-specialist health-care providers. Establishing the correct VWD diagnosis requires an array of specialized phenotypic assays and/or molecular genetic testing of the VWF gene. The management of bleeding includes increasing endogenous VWF levels with desmopressin or infusion of exogenous VWF concentrates (plasma-derived or recombinant). Fibrinolytic inhibitors, topical haemostatic agents and hormonal therapies are used as effective adjunctive measures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Omid Seidizadeh
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Jeroen C J Eikenboom
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Einthoven Laboratory for Vascular and Regenerative Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Cécile V Denis
- Laboratory for Hemostasis, Inflammation & Thrombosis, Unité Mixte de Recherche 1176, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Université Paris-Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Veronica H Flood
- Department of Paediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Paula James
- Department of Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Peter J Lenting
- Laboratory for Hemostasis, Inflammation & Thrombosis, Unité Mixte de Recherche 1176, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Université Paris-Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Luciano Baronciani
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca'Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Angelo Bianchi Bonomi Hemophilia and Thrombosis Center, Milan, Italy
| | - James S O'Donnell
- Irish Centre for Vascular Biology, School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - David Lillicrap
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Flora Peyvandi
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca'Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Angelo Bianchi Bonomi Hemophilia and Thrombosis Center, Milan, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Martinez-Vargas M, Courson J, Gardea L, Sen M, Yee A, Rumbaut R, Cruz MA. The impact of von Willebrand factor on fibrin formation and structure unveiled with type 3 von Willebrand disease plasma. Blood Coagul Fibrinolysis 2024; 35:256-264. [PMID: 38973517 PMCID: PMC11232922 DOI: 10.1097/mbc.0000000000001309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/09/2024]
Abstract
Normally, von Willebrand factor (VWF) remains inactive unless its A1A2 domains undergo a shear stress-triggered conformational change. We demonstrated the capacity of a recombinant A2 domain of VWF to bind and to affect fibrin formation, altering the fibrin clot structure. The data indicated that VWF contains an additional binding site for fibrin in the A2 domain that plays a role in the incorporation of VWF to the polymerizing fibrin. This study is to examine the hypothesis that active plasma VWF directly influence fibrin polymerization and the structure of fibrin clots. The study used healthy and type 3 von Willebrand disease (VWD) plasma, purified plasma VWF, fibrin polymerization assays, confocal microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The exposed A2 domain in active VWF harbors additional binding sites for fibrinogen, and significantly potentiates fibrin formation (P < 0.02). Antibody against the A2 domain of VWF significantly decreased the initial rate of change of fibrin formation (P < 0.002). Clot analyses revealed a significant difference in porosity between normal and type 3 VWD plasma (P < 0.008), further supported by scanning electron microscopy, which demonstrated thicker fibrin fibers in the presence of plasma VWF (P < 0.0003). Confocal immunofluorescence microscopy showed punctate VWF staining along fibrin fibrils, providing visual evidence of the integration of plasma VWF into the fibrin matrix. The study with type 3 VWD plasma supports the hypothesis that plasma VWF directly influences fibrin polymerization and clot structure. In addition, a conformational change in the A1A2 domains exposes a hidden fibrin(ogen) binding site, indicating that plasma VWF determines the fibrin clot structure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marina Martinez-Vargas
- Section of Cardiovascular Research
- Department of Medicine
- Center for Translational Research on Inflammatory Diseases (CTRID), Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center
| | - Justin Courson
- Department of Medicine
- Center for Translational Research on Inflammatory Diseases (CTRID), Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center
| | - Luis Gardea
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine
| | - Mehmet Sen
- University of Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Andrew Yee
- Center for Translational Research on Inflammatory Diseases (CTRID), Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine
| | - Rolando Rumbaut
- Department of Medicine
- Center for Translational Research on Inflammatory Diseases (CTRID), Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center
| | - Miguel A Cruz
- Section of Cardiovascular Research
- Department of Medicine
- Center for Translational Research on Inflammatory Diseases (CTRID), Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Li D, Cho MS, Gonzalez‐Delgado R, Liang X, Dong J, Cruz MA, Ma Q, Afshar‐Kharghan V. The effect of ADAMTS13 on graft-versus-host disease. J Cell Mol Med 2024; 28:e18457. [PMID: 38963011 PMCID: PMC11222974 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.18457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) can potentially cure malignant blood disorders and benign conditions such as haemoglobinopathies and immunologic diseases. However, allo-HSCT is associated with significant complications. The most common and debilitating among them is graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). In GVHD, donor-derived T cells mount an alloimmune response against the recipient. The alloimmune response involves several steps, including recognition of recipient antigens, activation and proliferation of T cells in secondary lymphoid organs, and homing into GVHD-targeted organs. Adhesion molecules on T cells and endothelial cells mediate homing of T cells into lymphoid and non-lymphoid tissues. In this study, we showed that Von Willebrand factor (VWF), an adhesion molecule secreted by activated endothelial cells, plays an important role in mouse models of GVHD. We investigated the effect of the VWF-cleaving protease ADAMTS13 on GVHD. We found that ADAMTS13 reduced the severity of GVHD after bone marrow transplantation from C57BL6 donor to BALB/C recipient mice. A recombinant VWF-A2 domain peptide also reduced GVHD in mice. We showed that ADAMTS13 and recombinant VWF-A2 reduced the binding of T cells to endothelial cells and VWF in vitro, and reduced the number of T cells in lymph nodes, Peyer's patches and GVHD-targeted organs in vivo. We identified LFA-1 (αLβ2) as the binding site of VWF on T cells. Our results showed that blocking T-cell homing by ADAMTS13 or VWF-A2 peptide reduced the severity of the GVHD after allo-HSCT, a potentially novel method for treating and preventing GVHD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dan Li
- Department of Hematopoietic Biology & MalignancyThe University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonTexasUSA
| | - Min Soon Cho
- Section of Benign HematologyThe University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonTexasUSA
| | | | - Xiaowen Liang
- Department of Integrative Biology and PharmacologyMcGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science CenterHoustonTexasUSA
| | - Jing‐Fei Dong
- Bloodworks Research Institute and Hematology Division, Department of MedicineUniversity of Washington School of MedicineSeattleWashingtonUSA
| | - Miguel A. Cruz
- Center for Translational Research on Inflammatory Diseases (CTRID), Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical CenterHoustonTexasUSA
- Baylor College of MedicineHoustonTexasUSA
- Department of MedicineBaylor College of MedicineHoustonTexasUSA
| | - Qing Ma
- Department of Hematopoietic Biology & MalignancyThe University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonTexasUSA
| | - Vahid Afshar‐Kharghan
- Section of Benign HematologyThe University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonTexasUSA
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Zheng XL. Novel mechanisms of action of emerging therapies of hereditary thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura. Expert Rev Hematol 2024; 17:341-351. [PMID: 38752747 PMCID: PMC11209763 DOI: 10.1080/17474086.2024.2356763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Hereditary thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (hTTP) is caused by deficiency of plasma ADAMTS13 activity, resulting from ADAMTS13 mutations. ADAMTS13 cleaves ultra large von Willebrand factor (VWF), thus reducing its multimer sizes. Hereditary deficiency of plasma ADAMTS13 activity leads to the formation of excessive platelet-VWF aggregates in small arterioles and capillaries, resulting in hTTP. AREAS COVERED PubMed search from 1956 to 2024 using thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura and therapy identified 3,675 articles. Only the articles relevant to the topic were selected for discussion, which focuses on pathophysiology, clinical presentations, and mechanisms of action of emerging therapeutics for hTTP. Current therapies include infusion of plasma, or coagulation factor VIII, or recombinant ADAMTS13. Emerging therapies include anti-VWF A1 aptamers or nanobody and gene therapies with adeno-associated viral vector or self-inactivated lentiviral vector or a sleeping beauty transposon system for a long-term expression of a functional ADAMTS13 enzyme. EXPERT OPINION Frequent plasma infusion remains to be the standard of care in most parts of the world, while recombinant ADAMTS13 has become the treatment of choice for hTTP in some of the Western countries. The success of gene therapies in preclinical models may hold a promise for future development of these novel approaches for a cure of hTTP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- X. Long Zheng
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and Institute of Reproductive Medicine and Developmental Sciences, the University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas 66160, USA
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Yada N, Zhang Q, Bignotti A, Gralnek SH, Sosnovske D, Hogan K, Ye Z, Zheng L, Zheng XL. Targeting neutrophil extracellular trap accumulation under flow in patients with immune-mediated thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura. Blood Adv 2024; 8:2536-2551. [PMID: 38513079 PMCID: PMC11131081 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2023011617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Neutrophil NETosis is a unique form of cell death, characterized by the release of decondensed chromatin and antimicrobial contents to the extracellular space, which is involved in inflammation and thrombosis. However, the role of NETosis in the pathogenesis of immune-mediated thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (iTTP) and how a targeted therapy affects the accumulation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) under flow remain unknown. Flow cytometry demonstrated that the percentage of neutrophils undergoing NETosis in whole blood from patients with iTTP on admission was significantly increased, with a concurrent decrease in the capacity of inducible NETosis by shigatoxin. After therapy, the percentage of H3Cit+MPO+ neutrophils was significantly reduced, with an improvement in inducible NETosis in these patients. Additionally, little to no NET and thrombus formation was detected underflow in the whole blood from patients with iTTP when platelet counts were very low, but the NET and thrombus formation was dramatically increased following therapy when platelet counts rose to ≥50 × 109/L or were restored to normal with donor platelets. Similarly, there was no thrombus or NET accumulation under flow in the whole blood from vwf-/- mice, but NET accumulation was significantly higher in Adamts13-/- mice than in wild-type mice. Finally, recombinant ADAMTS13 or caplacizumab (or anfibatide) prevented NET and thrombus formation under flow in whole blood from patients with iTTP or from Adamts13-/- mice. These results indicate that neutrophil NETosis and NET formation depend on platelets and von Willebrand factor (VWF) in iTTP, and a targeted therapy such as recombinant ADAMTS13 or caplacizumab may prevent NET and thrombus formation under flow in iTTP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Noritaka Yada
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS
| | - Quan Zhang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS
| | - Antonia Bignotti
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS
| | - Sarah H. Gralnek
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS
| | - Dennis Sosnovske
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS
| | - Keenan Hogan
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS
| | - Zhan Ye
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS
| | - Liang Zheng
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS
- Institute of Reproductive Medicine and Developmental Sciences, The University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS
| | - X. Long Zheng
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS
- Institute of Reproductive Medicine and Developmental Sciences, The University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Fujimura Y. Hereditary TTP/Upshaw-Schulman syndrome: the ductus arteriosus controls newborn survival. Int J Hematol 2024; 119:532-540. [PMID: 38536644 DOI: 10.1007/s12185-024-03731-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
Hereditary TTP (hTTP), termed Upshaw-Schulman syndrome, is an ultra-rare disorder caused by a severe deficiency of plasma ADAMTS13 activity that allows circulation of ultra-large von Willebrand factor (UL-VWF) multimers. The greatest risk for hTTP is in their first days after birth, when 35-50% of patients will have severe hemolysis, jaundice, and thrombocytopenia. It is often fatal without effective treatment. In utero, fetal blood flowing from the pulmonary artery through the ductus arteriosus (DA) to the aorta is under low-shear-force. At birth, blood flow through the DA reverses to a left-to-right shunt, and the diameter of the DA begins to decrease due to hyper-oxygenated blood and decreased plasma prostaglandin E2. This causes turbulent circulation that unfolds UL-VWF, allowing platelet aggregation. If the DA closes promptly, hTTP newborns survive, but if it remains patent, turbulent circulation persists, triggering microvascular thrombosis. hTTP is commonly diagnosed as hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn (HDFN) caused by anti-red cell antibodies and treated with exchange blood transfusion, which prevents kernicterus even when the diagnosis of hTTP is missed. The diagnosis of newborn-onset hTTP should be considered because HDFN does not cause severe thrombocytopenia, which might be effectively treated with recombinant ADAMTS13.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihiro Fujimura
- Department of Blood Transfusion Medicine, Nara Medical University, Shijyo-Cho 840, Kashihara, Nara, Japan.
- Japanese Red Cross Kinki Block Blood Center, Ibaraki, Osaka, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Nascimbene A, Bark D, Smadja DM. Hemocompatibility and biophysical interface of left ventricular assist devices and total artificial hearts. Blood 2024; 143:661-672. [PMID: 37890145 PMCID: PMC10900168 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2022018096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Over the past 2 decades, there has been a significant increase in the utilization of long-term mechanical circulatory support (MCS) for the treatment of cardiac failure. Left ventricular assist devices (LVADs) and total artificial hearts (TAHs) have been developed in parallel to serve as bridge-to-transplant and destination therapy solutions. Despite the distinct hemodynamic characteristics introduced by LVADs and TAHs, a comparative evaluation of these devices regarding potential complications in supported patients, has not been undertaken. Such a study could provide valuable insights into the complications associated with these devices. Although MCS has shown substantial clinical benefits, significant complications related to hemocompatibility persist, including thrombosis, recurrent bleeding, and cerebrovascular accidents. This review focuses on the current understanding of hemostasis, specifically thrombotic and bleeding complications, and explores the influence of different shear stress regimens in long-term MCS. Furthermore, the role of endothelial cells in protecting against hemocompatibility-related complications of MCS is discussed. We also compared the diverse mechanisms contributing to the occurrence of hemocompatibility-related complications in currently used LVADs and TAHs. By applying the existing knowledge, we present, for the first time, a comprehensive comparison between long-term MCS options.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Angelo Nascimbene
- Advanced Cardiopulmonary Therapies and Transplantation, University of Texas, Houston, TX
| | - David Bark
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO
| | - David M. Smadja
- Université de Paris-Cité, Innovative Therapies in Haemostasis, INSERM, Paris, France
- Hematology Department, Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris, Georges Pompidou European Hospital, Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Kostin S, Giannakopoulos T, Richter M, Krizanic F, Sasko B, Ritter O, Pagonas N. Coronary microthrombi in the failing human heart: the role of von Willebrand factor and PECAM-1. Mol Cell Biochem 2024:10.1007/s11010-024-04942-0. [PMID: 38381272 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-024-04942-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
The recognition of microthrombi in the heart microcirculation has recently emerged from studies in COVID-19 decedents. The present study investigated the ultrastructure of coronary microthrombi in heart failure (HF) due to cardiomyopathies that are unrelated to COVID-19 infection. In addition, we have investigated the role of von Willebrand factor (VWF) and PECAM-1 in microthrombus formation. We used electron microscopy to investigate the occurrence of microthrombi in patients with HF due to dilated (DCM, n = 7), inflammatory (MYO, n = 6) and ischemic (ICM, n = 7) cardiomyopathy and 4 control patients. VWF and PECAM-1 was studied by quantitative immunohistochemistry and Western blot. In comparison to control, the number of microthrombi was increased 7-9 times in HF. This was associated with a 3.5-fold increase in the number of Weibel-Palade bodies (WPb) in DCM and MYO compared to control. A fivefold increase in WPb in ICM was significantly different from control, DCM and MYO. In Western blot, VWF was increased twofold in DCM and MYO, and more than threefold in ICM. The difference between ICM and DCM and MYO was statistically significant. These results were confirmed by quantitative immunohistochemistry. Compared to control, PECAM-1 was by approximatively threefold increased in all groups of patients. This is the first study to demonstrate the occurrence of microthrombi in the failing human heart. The occurrence of microthrombi is associated with increased expression of VWF and the number of WPb, being more pronounced in ICM. These changes are likely not compensated by increases in PECAM-1 expression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sawa Kostin
- Faculty of Health Sciences Brandenburg, Brandenburg Medical School Theodor Fontane, Neuruppin, Germany.
| | - Theodoros Giannakopoulos
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Brandenburg Medical School Theodor Fontane, University Clinic Neuruppin-Brandenburg, Neuruppin, Germany
| | - Manfred Richter
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Kerckhoff-Clinic, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Florian Krizanic
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Brandenburg Medical School Theodor Fontane, University Clinic Neuruppin-Brandenburg, Neuruppin, Germany
| | - Benjamin Sasko
- Medical Department II, Marien Hospital Herne, Ruhr-University of Bochum, Herne, Germany
| | - Oliver Ritter
- Faculty of Health Sciences Brandenburg, Brandenburg Medical School Theodor Fontane, Neuruppin, Germany
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Brandenburg, Brandenburg an der Havel, Germany
| | - Nikolaos Pagonas
- Faculty of Health Sciences Brandenburg, Brandenburg Medical School Theodor Fontane, Neuruppin, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Brandenburg Medical School Theodor Fontane, University Clinic Neuruppin-Brandenburg, Neuruppin, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Hatakeyama K, Kikushige Y, Ishihara D, Yamamoto S, Kawano G, Tochigi T, Miyamoto T, Sakoda T, Christoforou A, Kunisaki Y, Fukata M, Kato K, Ito T, Handa H, Akashi K. Thrombospondin-1 is an endogenous substrate of cereblon responsible for immunomodulatory drug-induced thromboembolism. Blood Adv 2024; 8:785-796. [PMID: 38163319 PMCID: PMC10847748 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2023010080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Immunomodulatory drugs (IMiDs) are key drugs for treating multiple myeloma and myelodysplastic syndrome with chromosome 5q deletion. IMiDs exert their pleiotropic effects through the interaction between cell-specific substrates and cereblon, a substrate receptor of the E3 ubiquitin ligase complex. Thus, identification of cell-specific substrates is important for understanding the effects of IMiDs. IMiDs increase the risk of thromboembolism, which sometimes results in fatal clinical outcomes. In this study, we sought to clarify the molecular mechanisms underlying IMiDs-induced thrombosis. We investigated cereblon substrates in human megakaryocytes using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry and found that thrombospondin-1 (THBS-1), which is an inhibitor of a disintegrin-like and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin type 1 motifs 13, functions as an endogenous substrate in human megakaryocytes. IMiDs inhibited the proteasomal degradation of THBS-1 by impairing the recruitment of cereblon to THBS-1, leading to aberrant accumulation of THBS-1. We observed a significant increase in THBS-1 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells as well as larger von Willebrand factor multimers in the plasma of patients with myeloma, who were treated with IMiDs. These results collectively suggest that THBS-1 represents an endogenous substrate of cereblon. This pairing is disrupted by IMiDs, and the aberrant accumulation of THBS-1 plays an important role in the pathogenesis of IMiDs-induced thromboembolism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kiwamu Hatakeyama
- Department of Medicine and Biosystemic Sciences, Kyushu University Graduate School of Medicine, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yoshikane Kikushige
- Department of Medicine and Biosystemic Sciences, Kyushu University Graduate School of Medicine, Fukuoka, Japan
- Center for Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Kyushu University Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Daisuke Ishihara
- Department of Medicine and Biosystemic Sciences, Kyushu University Graduate School of Medicine, Fukuoka, Japan
- Center for Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Kyushu University Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Yamamoto
- Center for Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Kyushu University Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Gentaro Kawano
- Department of Medicine and Biosystemic Sciences, Kyushu University Graduate School of Medicine, Fukuoka, Japan
- Center for Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Kyushu University Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Taro Tochigi
- Miyazaki Prefectural Miyazaki Hospital, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Toshihiro Miyamoto
- Haematology/Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Medical Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University Hospital, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Teppei Sakoda
- Department of Medicine and Biosystemic Sciences, Kyushu University Graduate School of Medicine, Fukuoka, Japan
- Center for Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Kyushu University Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | | | - Yuya Kunisaki
- Department of Medicine and Biosystemic Sciences, Kyushu University Graduate School of Medicine, Fukuoka, Japan
- Center for Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Kyushu University Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Mitsuhiro Fukata
- Department of Medicine and Biosystemic Sciences, Kyushu University Graduate School of Medicine, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Koji Kato
- Department of Medicine and Biosystemic Sciences, Kyushu University Graduate School of Medicine, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Takumi Ito
- Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Handa
- Center for Future Medical Research Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Koichi Akashi
- Department of Medicine and Biosystemic Sciences, Kyushu University Graduate School of Medicine, Fukuoka, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Dutta Gupta S, Ta M. ADAMTS13 regulates angiogenic markers via Ephrin/Eph signaling in human mesenchymal stem cells under serum-deprivation stress. Sci Rep 2024; 14:560. [PMID: 38177376 PMCID: PMC10766954 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-51079-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are known to facilitate angiogenesis and promote neo-vascularization via secretion of trophic factors. Here, we explored the molecular mechanism adopted by ADAMTS13 in modulating the expression of some key angiogenic markers in human umbilical cord-derived MSCs under serum-deprivation stress. Wharton's jelly MSCs (WJ-MSCs) were isolated from the perivascular region of human umbilical cords by explant culture. ADAMTS13 was upregulated at both mRNA and protein levels in WJ-MSCs under serum-deprivation stress. Correspondingly, some key angiogenic markers were also seen to be upregulated. By screening signaling pathways, p38 and JNK pathways were identified as negative and positive regulators for expression of ADAMTS13, and the angiogenic markers, respectively. Our results also indicated the Notch pathway and p53 as other probable partners modulating the expression of ADAMTS13 and the angiogenic markers. Knockdown of ADAMTS13 using siRNA led to reversal in the expression of these angiogenic markers. Further, ADAMTS13 was shown to act via the EphrinB2/EphB4 axis followed by ERK signaling to control expression of the angiogenic markers. Interestingly, stronger expression levels were noted for ADAMTS13, VEGF and PDGF under a more stringent nutrient stress condition. Thus, we highlight a novel role of ADAMTS13 in WJ-MSCs under nutrient stress condition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Srishti Dutta Gupta
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Kolkata (IISER Kolkata), Mohanpur Campus, Dist: Nadia, Kolkata, West Bengal, 741246, India
| | - Malancha Ta
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Kolkata (IISER Kolkata), Mohanpur Campus, Dist: Nadia, Kolkata, West Bengal, 741246, India.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Galeone A, Buccoliero C, Barile B, Nicchia GP, Onorati F, Luciani GB, Brunetti G. Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms Activated by a Left Ventricular Assist Device. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 25:288. [PMID: 38203459 PMCID: PMC10779015 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25010288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Left ventricular assist devices (LVADs) represent the final treatment for patients with end-stage heart failure (HF) not eligible for transplantation. Although LVAD design has been further improved in the last decade, their use is associated with different complications. Specifically, inflammation, fibrosis, bleeding events, right ventricular failure, and aortic valve regurgitation may occur. In addition, reverse remodeling is associated with substantial cellular and molecular changes of the failing myocardium during LVAD support with positive effects on patients' health. All these processes also lead to the identification of biomarkers identifying LVAD patients as having an augmented risk of developing associated adverse events, thus highlighting the possibility of identifying new therapeutic targets. Additionally, it has been reported that LVAD complications could cause or exacerbate a state of malnutrition, suggesting that, with an adjustment in nutrition, the general health of these patients could be improved.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Antonella Galeone
- Department of Surgery, Dentistry, Pediatrics and Gynecology, Division of Cardiac Surgery, University of Verona, 37129 Verona, Italy; (A.G.); (F.O.); (G.B.L.)
| | - Cinzia Buccoliero
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Environment, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70125 Bari, Italy; (C.B.); (B.B.); (G.P.N.)
| | - Barbara Barile
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Environment, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70125 Bari, Italy; (C.B.); (B.B.); (G.P.N.)
| | - Grazia Paola Nicchia
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Environment, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70125 Bari, Italy; (C.B.); (B.B.); (G.P.N.)
| | - Francesco Onorati
- Department of Surgery, Dentistry, Pediatrics and Gynecology, Division of Cardiac Surgery, University of Verona, 37129 Verona, Italy; (A.G.); (F.O.); (G.B.L.)
| | - Giovanni Battista Luciani
- Department of Surgery, Dentistry, Pediatrics and Gynecology, Division of Cardiac Surgery, University of Verona, 37129 Verona, Italy; (A.G.); (F.O.); (G.B.L.)
| | - Giacomina Brunetti
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Environment, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70125 Bari, Italy; (C.B.); (B.B.); (G.P.N.)
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Chooklin S, Chuklin S. The role of neutrophil extracellular traps in thrombosis. EMERGENCY MEDICINE 2023; 19:448-457. [DOI: 10.22141/2224-0586.19.7.2023.1627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
According to the cellular model of hemostasis, the process of blood coagulation is presented in the form of three phases: initiation, amplification and propagation, each of them includes several consecutive stages. At the same time, thrombus formation is often explained by Virchow’s triad: blood stasis, damage to the blood vessel walls, and hypercoagulation. Classically, the appearance of one of the three mentioned parameters can lead to thrombus formation. Over the past decade, our knowledge of the cross-talk between coagulation, inflammation, and innate immune activation and the involvement of neutrophil extracellular traps in these processes has expanded. This brief review shows their role in thrombosis through the mechanisms of activation of platelets, complement, interaction with blood coagulation factors and damage to the vascular endothelium. We searched the literature in the MEDLINE database on the PubMed platform.
Collapse
|
19
|
Gidaro A, Delitala AP, Manetti R, Caccia S, Soloski MJ, Lambertenghi Deliliers G, Castro D, Donadoni M, Bartoli A, Sanna G, Bergamaschini L, Castelli R. Platelet Microvesicles, Inflammation, and Coagulation Markers: A Pilot Study. Hematol Rep 2023; 15:684-695. [PMID: 38132277 PMCID: PMC10742513 DOI: 10.3390/hematolrep15040069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Platelet "Microvesicles" (MVs) are studied for their role in blood coagulation and inflammation. The study aimed to establish if MVs are related to age, plasma levels of inflammation, coagulation, and fibrinolysis markers in healthy individuals. METHODS We prospectively enrolled volunteers aged over 18 years. MVs, plasma levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), Interleukin 6 (IL-6), Interleukin 10 (IL-10), Interleukin 17 (IL-17), and transforming growth factor β (TGF-β), fibrinogen, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), von Willebrand factor (VWF), homocysteine, factor VII (FVII), thrombin activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor (TAFI), and Protein S were tested. RESULTS A total of 246 individuals (median age 65 years ("IQR"54-72)) were evaluated. Both univariate analysis and logistic regression models showed that MVs positively correlate with age, CRP, IL-6, IL-10, IL-17, TGF-β, fibrinogen, PAI-1, VWF, FVII, and homocysteine, while inversely correlating with TAFI and Protein S. The ROC curve analysis performed to identify a cut off for MV values (700 kMP) showed a good accuracy with over-range cytokines fibrinolysis factor and coagulation markers. CONCLUSIONS To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first to correlate MVs with an entire panel of cardiovascular risk factors in healthy individuals. A future possible role of MVs in screening exams is suggested.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Gidaro
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences Luigi Sacco, Luigi Sacco Hospital, University of Milan, Via G.B. Grassi N° 74, 20157 Milan, Italy; (S.C.); (M.D.); (A.B.); (L.B.)
| | - Alessandro Palmerio Delitala
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Pharmacy University of Sassari, Via San Pietro 43, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (A.P.D.); (R.M.); (D.C.); (G.S.)
| | - Roberto Manetti
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Pharmacy University of Sassari, Via San Pietro 43, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (A.P.D.); (R.M.); (D.C.); (G.S.)
| | - Sonia Caccia
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences Luigi Sacco, Luigi Sacco Hospital, University of Milan, Via G.B. Grassi N° 74, 20157 Milan, Italy; (S.C.); (M.D.); (A.B.); (L.B.)
| | - Mark J. Soloski
- Division of Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA;
| | | | - Dante Castro
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Pharmacy University of Sassari, Via San Pietro 43, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (A.P.D.); (R.M.); (D.C.); (G.S.)
| | - Mattia Donadoni
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences Luigi Sacco, Luigi Sacco Hospital, University of Milan, Via G.B. Grassi N° 74, 20157 Milan, Italy; (S.C.); (M.D.); (A.B.); (L.B.)
| | - Arianna Bartoli
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences Luigi Sacco, Luigi Sacco Hospital, University of Milan, Via G.B. Grassi N° 74, 20157 Milan, Italy; (S.C.); (M.D.); (A.B.); (L.B.)
| | - Giuseppe Sanna
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Pharmacy University of Sassari, Via San Pietro 43, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (A.P.D.); (R.M.); (D.C.); (G.S.)
| | - Luigi Bergamaschini
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences Luigi Sacco, Luigi Sacco Hospital, University of Milan, Via G.B. Grassi N° 74, 20157 Milan, Italy; (S.C.); (M.D.); (A.B.); (L.B.)
| | - Roberto Castelli
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Pharmacy University of Sassari, Via San Pietro 43, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (A.P.D.); (R.M.); (D.C.); (G.S.)
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Dimopoulos K, Tripodi A, Goetze JP. Laboratory investigation and diagnosis of thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura. Crit Rev Clin Lab Sci 2023; 60:625-639. [PMID: 37452521 DOI: 10.1080/10408363.2023.2232039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) is a rare and potentially fatal disease for which rapid diagnosis is crucial for patient outcomes. Deficient activity (< 10%) of the liver enzyme, ADAMTS13, is the pathophysiological hallmark of TTP, and measurement of the enzyme activity can establish the diagnosis of TTP with high accuracy. Thus, along with the clinical history, appropriate laboratory assessment of a suspected case of TTP is essential for diagnosis and treatment. Here, we present a review of the available laboratory tests that can assist clinicians in establishing the diagnosis of TTP, with special focus on ADAMTS13 assays, including the measurement of the antigen and activity, and detection of autoantibodies to ADAMTS13.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Konstantinos Dimopoulos
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Rigshospitalet, University Hospital of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Armando Tripodi
- IRCCS Maggiore Hospital Foundation, Angelo Bianchi Bonomi Hemophilia and Thrombosis Center, Milano, Italy
| | - Jens P Goetze
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Rigshospitalet, University Hospital of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Copenhagen University, Copenhagen, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Roth N, Heidel C, Xu C, Hubauer U, Wallner S, Meindl C, Holzamer A, Hilker M, Creutzenberg M, Sossalla S, Maier L, Jungbauer C, Debl K. Restoration of von Willebrand factor after transcatheter aortic valve replacement-A possible cause for posttranscatheter aortic valve replacement thrombocytopenia? Catheter Cardiovasc Interv 2023; 102:1376-1385. [PMID: 37727885 DOI: 10.1002/ccd.30841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of the current study was to analyze the clinical and procedural predictors of thrombocytopenia and the relationship between the decrease in platelet count (DPC) and change in vWF function (ΔvWF) after transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR). BACKGROUND TAVR often causes temporary thrombocytopenia. At the same time, TAVR leads to a restoration of von Willebrand factor (vWF) function. METHODS One hundred and forty-one patients with severe aortic stenosis undergoing TAVR were included in the study. Platelet count and vWF function (vWF:Ac/Ag ratio) were assessed at baseline and 6 h after TAVR. Thrombocytopenia was defined as platelet count <150/nL. RESULTS Median platelet count at baseline was 214/nL (interquartile range [IQR]: 176-261) and decreased significantly to 184/nL (IQR: 145-222) 6 h after TAVR. The number of patients with thrombocytopenia increased from 12.8% at baseline to 29.1% after 6 h. DPC 6 h after TAVR showed a significant correlation with ΔvWF (r = - 0.254, p = 0.002). Patients with DPC > 20% had significantly higher ΔvWF (10.9% vs. 6.5%, p = 0.021). Obese patients showed a significantly lower DPC (11.8% vs. 19.9%, p = 0.001). In multivariate analysis, ΔvWF 6 h after TAVR was the only significant predictor for DPC > 20% (p = 0.017). CONCLUSIONS The restoration of vWF after TAVR is a significant predictor for DPC after TAVR. An increased platelet consumption due to vWF restoration could play a key role in the development of thrombocytopenia after TAVR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nastasia Roth
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Medical Center, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Carolin Heidel
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Medical Center, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Congde Xu
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Medical Center, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Ute Hubauer
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Medical Center, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Wallner
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Center, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Christine Meindl
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Medical Center, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Holzamer
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University Medical Center, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Michael Hilker
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University Medical Center, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Marcus Creutzenberg
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Medical Center, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Samuel Sossalla
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Medical Center, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Lars Maier
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Medical Center, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Carsten Jungbauer
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Medical Center, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Kurt Debl
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Medical Center, Regensburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Cao W, Trask AR, Bignotti AI, George LA, Doshi BS, Sabatino DE, Yada N, Zheng L, Camire RM, Zheng XL. Coagulation factor VIII regulates von Willebrand factor homeostasis invivo. J Thromb Haemost 2023; 21:3477-3489. [PMID: 37726033 PMCID: PMC10842601 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtha.2023.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 09/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Coagulation factor VIII (FVIII) and von Willebrand factor (VWF) circulate as a noncovalent complex, but each has its distinct functions. Binding of FVIII to VWF results in a prolongation of FVIII's half-life in circulation and modulates FVIII's immunogenicity during hemophilia therapy. However, the biological effect of FVIII and VWF interaction on VWF homeostasis is not fully understood. OBJECTIVES To determine the effect of FVIII in VWF proteolysis and homeostasis in vivo. METHODS Mouse models, recombinant FVIII infusion, and patients with hemophilia A on a high dose FVIII for immune tolerance induction therapy or emicizumab for bleeding symptoms were included to address this question. RESULTS An intravenous infusion of a recombinant B-domain less FVIII (BDD-FVIII) (40 and 160 μg/kg) into wild-type mice significantly reduced plasma VWF multimer sizes and its antigen levels; an infusion of a high but not low dose of BDD-FVIII into Adamts13+/- and Adamts13-/- mice also significantly reduced the size of VWF multimers. However, plasma levels of VWF antigen remained unchanged following administration of any dose BDD-FVIII into Adamts13-/- mice, suggesting partial ADAMTS-13 dependency in FVIII-augmented VWF degradation. Moreover, persistent expression of BDD-FVIII at ∼50 to 250 U/dL via AAV8 vector in hemophilia A mice also resulted in a significant reduction of plasma VWF multimer sizes and antigen levels. Finally, the sizes of plasma VWF multimers were significantly reduced in patients with hemophilia A who received a dose of recombinant or plasma-derived FVIII for immune tolerance induction therapy. CONCLUSION Our results demonstrate the pivotal role of FVIII as a cofactor regulating VWF proteolysis and homeostasis under various (patho)physiological conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Cao
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA; Institute of Reproductive Medicine and Developmental Sciences, The University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Aria R Trask
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Antonia I Bignotti
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Lindsey A George
- Division of Hematology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Bhavya S Doshi
- Division of Hematology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Denise E Sabatino
- Division of Hematology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Noritaka Yada
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Liang Zheng
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA; Institute of Reproductive Medicine and Developmental Sciences, The University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Rodney M Camire
- Division of Hematology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - X Long Zheng
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA; Institute of Reproductive Medicine and Developmental Sciences, The University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Zhang Q, Bignotti A, Yada N, Ye Z, Liu S, Han Z, Zheng XL. Dynamic Assessment of Plasma von Willebrand Factor and ADAMTS13 Predicts Mortality in Hospitalized Patients with SARS-CoV-2 Infection. J Clin Med 2023; 12:7174. [PMID: 38002786 PMCID: PMC10672082 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12227174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Plasma levels of von Willebrand factor (VWF) are significantly elevated in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). However, dynamic changes and prognostic value of this biomarker in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 have not been determined. METHODS A total of 124 patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 were prospectively recruited for the study. Serial blood samples were obtained at the time of admission (D1), 3-4 days following standard-care treatments (D2), and 1-2 days prior to discharge or any time collected prior to death (D3). Plasma VWF antigen, ADAMTS13 antigen, and ADAMTS13 proteolytic activity, as well as the ratio of VWF/ADAMTS13 were determined, followed by various statistical analyses. RESULTS On admission, plasma levels of VWF in COVID-19 patients were significantly elevated compared with those in the healthy controls, but no statistical significance was detected among patients with different disease severity. Plasma ADAMTS13 activity but not its antigen levels were significantly lower in patients with severe or critical COVID-19 compared with that in other patient groups. Interestingly, the ratios of plasma VWF antigen to ADAMTS13 antigen were significantly higher in patients with severe or critical COVID-19 than in those with mild to moderate disease. More importantly, plasma levels of VWF and the ratios of VWF/ADAMTS13 were persistently elevated in patients with COVID-19 throughout hospitalization. Kaplan-Meier and Cox proportional hazard regression analyses demonstrated that an increased plasma level of VWF or ratio of VWF/ADAMTS13 at D2 and D3 was associated with an increased mortality rate. CONCLUSIONS Persistent endotheliopathy, marked by the elevated levels of plasma VWF or VWF/ADAMTS13 ratio, is present in all hospitalized patients following SARS-CoV-2 infection, which is strongly associated with mortality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Quan Zhang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, China
| | - Antonia Bignotti
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| | - Noritaka Yada
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| | - Zhan Ye
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| | - Szumam Liu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| | - Zhe Han
- Center for Precision Disease Modeling, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 670 West Baltimore Street, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - X. Long Zheng
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
- Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Sciences, The University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Nguyen AH, Kania S, Oztekin A, Webb EB. Predicting reaction behavior of tethered polymers in shear flow. J Chem Phys 2023; 159:174907. [PMID: 37929865 DOI: 10.1063/5.0168440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Kinetics of force-mediated chemical reactions of end-tethered polymers with varying chain length N in varying shear rate flow γ̇ are explored via coarse-grained Brownian dynamics simulations. At fixed γ̇, force F along a polymer increases linearly with N as previously predicted; however, contrary to existing theory, the F(N) slope increases for N above a transition length that exhibits minimal dependence on γ̇. Force profiles are used in a stochastic model of a force-mediated reaction to compute the time for x percent of a polymer population to experience a reaction, tx. Observations are insensitive to the selected value of x in that tx data for varying N and γ̇ can be consistently collapsed onto a single curve via appropriate scaling, with one master curve for systems below the transition N (small N) and another for those above (large N). Different force scaling for small and large N results in orders of magnitude difference in force-mediated reaction kinetics as represented by the population response time. Data presented illustrate the possibility of designing mechano-reactive polymer populations with highly controlled response to flow across a range in γ̇.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anh Hung Nguyen
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Mechanics, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015, USA
| | - Sagar Kania
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Mechanics, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015, USA
| | - Alparslan Oztekin
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Mechanics, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015, USA
| | - Edmund B Webb
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Mechanics, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015, USA
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Dincel GC, Yavuz O, Yildirim S, Al-Olayan EM, El-Ashram S. ADAMTS-13 and HMGB1-induced oxidative stress in Taenia multiceps-infected animals. Sci Rep 2023; 13:17929. [PMID: 37863934 PMCID: PMC10589341 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-44376-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the cytotoxic effects of oxidative stress (OS), high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), ADAMTS (A disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs), and neuropathology associated with coenurus cerebralis (Taenia multiceps). ADAMTS-13, HMGB1, glutathione reductase (GR), copper/zinc superoxide dismutase (Cu/Zn SOD), and 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) expression levels were studied. The study found that ADAMTS-13 (P < 0.005), HMGB1 (P < 0.005), GR (P < 0.005), Cu/Zn SOD (P < 0.005), and 8-OHdG (P < 0.005) levels were significantly higher in T. multiceps (c. cerebralis)-infected animals compared to healthy control animals. This study's most important finding was that HMGB1 up-regulation in neurons, endothelial cells, and glial cells can directly cause brain parenchymal destruction and that HMGB1-mediated oxidative stress plays a crucial role in the neuropathogenesis of coenurosis. The results also showed that increased levels of ADAMTS-13 may play a pivotal role in regulating and protecting the blood-brain barrier integrity and neuroprotection. These findings also suggest that ADAMTS-13 and HMGB1 compete in the prevention or formation of microthrombi, which was regarded as a remarkable finding. ADAMTS-13 and HMGB1 are valuable biomarkers for disease risk assessment, estimating host neuropathy following T. multiceps (c. cerebralis) exposure, and providing a new therapeutic target. This is the first study to show that HMGB1 and ADAMTS-13 are expressed in reactive cells and are associated with neuroimmunopathology in coenurosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gungor Cagdas Dincel
- Eskil Vocational School, Laboratory and Veterinary Science, Aksaray University, Aksaray, Turkey.
| | - Orhan Yavuz
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Aksaray University, Aksaray, Turkey
| | - Serkan Yildirim
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Ebtesam M Al-Olayan
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saeed El-Ashram
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh, 33516, Egypt.
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, 18 Jiangwan Street, Foshan, 528231, Guangdong Province, China.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Chung DW, Platten K, Ozawa K, Adili R, Pamir N, Nussdorfer F, St. John A, Ling M, Le J, Harris J, Rhoads N, Wang Y, Fu X, Chen J, Fazio S, Lindner JR, López JA. Low-density lipoprotein promotes microvascular thrombosis by enhancing von Willebrand factor self-association. Blood 2023; 142:1156-1166. [PMID: 37506337 PMCID: PMC10541996 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2023019749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
von Willebrand factor (VWF) mediates primary hemostasis and thrombosis in response to hydrodynamic forces. We previously showed that high shear promoted self-association of VWF into hyperadhesive strands, which can be attenuated by high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and apolipoprotein A-I. In this study, we show that low-density lipoprotein (LDL) binds VWF under shear and enhances self-association. Vortexing VWF in tubes resulted in its loss from the solution and deposition onto tube surfaces, which was prevented by HDL. At a stabilizing HDL concentration of 1.2 mg/mL, increasing concentrations of LDL progressively increased VWF loss, the effect correlating with the LDL-to-HDL ratio and not the absolute concentration of the lipoproteins. Similarly, HDL diminished deposition of VWF in a post-in-channel microfluidic device, whereas LDL increased both the rate and extent of strand deposition, with both purified VWF and plasma. Hypercholesterolemic human plasma also displayed accelerated VWF accumulation in the microfluidic device. The initial rate of accumulation correlated linearly with the LDL-to-HDL ratio. In Adamts13-/- and Adamts13-/-LDLR-/- mice, high LDL levels enhanced VWF and platelet adhesion to the myocardial microvasculature, reducing cardiac perfusion, impairing systolic function, and producing early signs of cardiomyopathy. In wild-type mice, high plasma LDL concentrations also increased the size and persistence of VWF-platelet thrombi in ionophore-treated mesenteric microvessels, exceeding the accumulation seen in similarly treated ADAMTS13-deficient mice that did not receive LDL infusion. We propose that targeting the interaction of VWF with itself and with LDL may improve the course of thrombotic microangiopathies, atherosclerosis, and other disorders with defective microvascular circulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dominic W. Chung
- Bloodworks Research Institute, Seattle, WA
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Kimsey Platten
- Molecular Cell Biology Program, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO
| | - Koya Ozawa
- Department of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | | | - Nathalie Pamir
- Cardiovascular Division, Knight Cardiovascular Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR
| | | | | | | | - Jennie Le
- Bloodworks Research Institute, Seattle, WA
| | | | | | - Yi Wang
- Bloodworks Research Institute, Seattle, WA
| | - Xiaoyun Fu
- Bloodworks Research Institute, Seattle, WA
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | | | - Sergio Fazio
- Cardiovascular Division, Knight Cardiovascular Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA
| | | | - José A. López
- Bloodworks Research Institute, Seattle, WA
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Falter T, Rossmann H, de Waele L, Dekimpe C, von Auer C, Müller-Calleja N, Häuser F, Degreif A, Marandiuc D, Messmer X, Sprinzl M, Lackner KJ, Jurk K, Vanhoorelbeke K, Lämmle B. A novel von Willebrand factor multimer ratio as marker of disease activity in thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura. Blood Adv 2023; 7:5091-5102. [PMID: 37399489 PMCID: PMC10471935 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2023010028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Immune-mediated thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (iTTP), an autoantibody-mediated severe ADAMTS13 deficiency, is caused by insufficient proteolytic processing of von Willebrand factor (VWF) multimers (MMs) and microvascular thrombi. Recurrence of acute iTTP is associated with persistence or reappearance of ADAMTS13 deficiency. Some patients remain in remission despite recurring or persisting severe ADAMTS13 deficiency. In a prospective 2-year observational study, we investigated VWF MM patterns and ADAMTS13 in patients with iTTP in remission and at acute episodes. Of the 83 patients with iTTP, 16 suffered 22 acute episodes whereas 67 remained in clinical remission during follow-up, including 13 with ADAMTS13 <10% and 54 with ADAMTS13 ≥10%. High -molecular weight to low-molecular weight VWF MM ratio based on sodium dodecyl sulfate-agarose gel electrophoresis was compared with ADAMTS13 activity. VWF MM ratio was significantly higher in patients in remission with <10% compared with ≥10% ADAMTS13 activity. Fourteen samples obtained from 13 to 50 days (interquartile range; median, 39) before acute iTTP onset (ADAMTS13 <10% in 9 patients and 10%-26% in 5) showed VWF MM ratios significantly higher than those from 13 patients remaining in remission with ADAMTS13 <10%. At acute iTTP onset, VWF MM ratio decreased significantly and was low in all patients despite <10% ADAMTS13. The VWF MM ratio does not depend exclusively on ADAMTS13 activity. The disappearance of high molecular weight VWF MMs resulting in low VWF MM ratio at iTTP onset may be explained by consumption of larger VWF MMs in the microcirculation. The very high VWF MM ratio preceding acute iTTP recurrence suggests that VWF processing is hampered more than in patients remaining in remission.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tanja Falter
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Heidi Rossmann
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Laure de Waele
- Laboratory for Thrombosis Research, Interdisciplinary Research Facility, KU Leuven Campus Kortrijk, Kortrijk, Belgium
| | - Charlotte Dekimpe
- Laboratory for Thrombosis Research, Interdisciplinary Research Facility, KU Leuven Campus Kortrijk, Kortrijk, Belgium
| | - Charis von Auer
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University, Mainz, Germany
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Pneumology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Nadine Müller-Calleja
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Friederike Häuser
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Adriana Degreif
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Dana Marandiuc
- Transfusion Center, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Xavier Messmer
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Martin Sprinzl
- Medical Department I, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Karl J. Lackner
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Kerstin Jurk
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Karen Vanhoorelbeke
- Laboratory for Thrombosis Research, Interdisciplinary Research Facility, KU Leuven Campus Kortrijk, Kortrijk, Belgium
| | - Bernhard Lämmle
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University, Mainz, Germany
- University Clinic of Hematology & Central Hematology Laboratory, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Xiao Y, Martinez L, Zigmond Z, Woltmann D, Singer DV, Singer HA, Vazquez-Padron RI, Salman LH. Functions for platelet factor 4 (PF4/CXCL4) and its receptors in fibroblast-myofibroblast transition and fibrotic failure of arteriovenous fistulas (AVFs). J Vasc Access 2023:11297298231192386. [PMID: 37589266 PMCID: PMC10998683 DOI: 10.1177/11297298231192386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Over 60% of End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) patients are relying on hemodialysis (HD) to survive, and the arteriovenous fistula (AVF) is the preferred vascular access method for HD. However approximately half of all newly created AVF fail to mature and cannot be used without a salvage procedure. We have recently demonstrated an association between AVF maturation failure and post-operative fibrosis, while our RNA-seq study also revealed that veins that ultimately failed during AVF maturation had elevated levels of platelet factor 4 (PF4/CXCL4). However, a link between these two findings was yet to be established. METHODS In this study, we investigated potential mechanisms between PF4 levels and fibrotic remodeling in veins. We compared the local expression of PF4 and fibrosis marker integrin β6 (ITGB6) in veins that successfully underwent maturation with that in veins that ultimately failed to mature. We also measured the changes of expression level of α-smooth muscle actin (αSMA/ACTA2) and collagen (Col1/COL1A1) in venous fibroblasts upon various treatments, such as PF4 pharmacological treatment, alteration of PF4 expression, and blocking of PF4 receptors. RESULTS We found that PF4 is expressed in veins and co-localizes with αSMA. In venous fibroblasts, PF4 stimulates expression of αSMA and Col1 via different pathways. The former requires integrins αvβ5 and α5β1, while chemokine receptor CXCR3 is needed for the latter. Interestingly, we also discovered that the expression of PF4 is associated with that of ITGB6, the β subunit of integrin αvβ6. This integrin is critical for the activation of the major fibrosis factor TGFβ, and overexpression of PF4 promotes activation of the TGFβ pathway. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that upregulation of PF4 may cause venous fibrosis both directly by stimulating fibroblast differentiation and expression of extracellular matrix (ECM) molecules and indirectly by facilitating the activation of the TGFβ pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuxuan Xiao
- Department of Molecular & Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Laisel Martinez
- DeWitt Daughtry Family Department of Surgery, Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Zachary Zigmond
- DeWitt Daughtry Family Department of Surgery, Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Daniel Woltmann
- Department of Molecular & Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Diane V Singer
- Department of Molecular & Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Harold A Singer
- Department of Molecular & Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Roberto I Vazquez-Padron
- DeWitt Daughtry Family Department of Surgery, Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Loay H Salman
- Department of Molecular & Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA
- Division of Nephrology & Hypertension, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Sui J, Zheng L, Zheng XL. ADAMTS13 Biomarkers in Management of Immune Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura. Arch Pathol Lab Med 2023; 147:974-979. [PMID: 36223210 PMCID: PMC11033696 DOI: 10.5858/arpa.2022-0050-ra] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT.— Immune thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (iTTP) is a rare but potentially fatal blood disorder resulting from acquired deficiency of plasma ADAMTS13, a metalloprotease that cleaves endothelium-derived ultralarge von Willebrand factor. Standard of care for iTTP including therapeutic plasma exchange, caplacizumab, and immunosuppressives, known as triple therapy, has led to a significant reduction in the disease-related mortality rate. The first International Society of Thrombosis and Haemostasis TTP guideline stresses the importance of having plasma ADAMTS13 activity testing in the algorithm for diagnosis and management of iTTP. However, the predictive role of assessing plasma ADAMTS13 activity and inhibitors or other ADAMTS13-related parameters in patients with acute iTTP and during remission has not been systematically evaluated. OBJECTIVE.— To review and assess the predictive values of testing plasma ADAMTS13 activity, antigen, and inhibitors or anti-ADAMTS13 immunoglobulin G at various stages of disease in outcomes of iTTP. DATA SOURCES.— Peer-reviewed publications and personal experience. CONCLUSIONS.— We conclude that assessing ADAMTS13 biomarkers is not only essential for establishing the initial diagnosis, but also crucial for risk stratification and the early detection of disease recurrence. This may guide therapeutic interventions during acute episodes and for long-term follow-up of iTTP patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jingrui Sui
- From the Department of Hematology, Yantai Yu Huang Ding Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Shandong Province, China (Sui)
| | - Liang Zheng
- The Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City (L. Zheng, X. L. Zheng)
| | - X Long Zheng
- The Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City (L. Zheng, X. L. Zheng)
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Gao D, Zhou Z, Ma R, Wu H, Nguyen T, Liu L, Dong J. Recombinant ADAMTS-13 Improves Survival of Mice Subjected to Endotoxemia. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11782. [PMID: 37511541 PMCID: PMC10380474 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241411782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
When stimulated by proinflammatory mediators, endothelial cells release ultra-large von Willebrand factor (ULVWF) multimers that are hyperactive in activating and aggregating platelets. These ULVWF multimers can accumulate in the circulation and on the inflamed endothelium because they are insufficiently cleaved by the metalloprotease ADAMTS-13, which becomes moderately deficient under conditions of systemic inflammation. This moderate ADAMTS-13 deficiency may lead to thrombotic complications that contribute to ischemic tissue injury and organ failure that are associated with severe infections. To test this hypothesis, we investigated whether recombinant ADAMTS-13 improves the pathological course of endotoxemia in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated mice. C57BL/J6 mice received a bolus infusion of either 5 µg/mouse of ADAMTS-13 or vehicle control 30 min after LPS challenge and were monitored for seven-day survival. During the monitoring period, platelet counts, VWF antigen, and ADAMTS-13 activity were measured. Thrombosis was also examined by the immunohistochemistry in the liver. We found that ADAMTS-13 reduced mortality from 66% to 34.9%. The improved survival was associated with a greater recovery from thrombocytopenia, higher plasma ADAMTS-13 activity, and less thrombotic vascular occlusion. These results suggest that systemic inflammation could result in deficient ULVWF proteolysis by ADAMTS-13 and that ADAMTS-13 improves the outcomes of endotoxemia-induced inflammation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Gao
- Bloodworks Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98102, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Pomona College, Claremont, CA 91711, USA
| | - Zhou Zhou
- Bloodworks Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98102, USA
| | - Ruidong Ma
- Cardiovascular Sciences, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Huaizhu Wu
- Cardiovascular Sciences, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Trung Nguyen
- Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Center for Translational Research on Inflammatory Diseases at the Michael E. DeBakey Veteran Administration Medical Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Li Liu
- Tianjin Neurology Research Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Jingfei Dong
- Bloodworks Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98102, USA
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Turner NA, Moake JL. Heat-inactivated Factor B inhibits alternative pathway fluid-phase activation and convertase formation on endothelial cell-secreted ultra-large von Willebrand factor strings. Sci Rep 2023; 13:5764. [PMID: 37031266 PMCID: PMC10082794 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-33007-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Defective regulation of the alternative complement pathway (AP) causes excessive activation and promotes the inflammation and renal injury observed in atypical hemolytic-uremic syndrome (aHUS). The usefulness of heat-inactivated Factor B (HFB) in reducing AP activation was evaluated in: fluid-phase reactions, using purified complement proteins and Factor H (FH)-depleted serum; and in surface-activated reactions using human endothelial cells (ECs). C3a and Ba levels, measured by quantitative Western blots, determined the extent of fluid-phase activation. In reactions using C3, FB, and Factor D proteins, HFB addition (2.5-fold FB levels), reduced C3a levels by 60% and Ba levels by 45%. In reactions using FH-depleted serum (supplemented with FH at 12.5% normal levels), Ba levels were reduced by 40% with HFB added at 3.5-fold FB levels. The effectiveness of HFB in limiting AP convertase formation on activated surfaces was evaluated using stimulated ECs. Fluorescent microscopy was used to quantify endogenously released C3, FB, and C5 attached to EC-secreted ultra-large VWF strings. HFB addition reduced attachment of C3b by 2.7-fold, FB by 1.5-fold and C5 by fourfold. Our data indicate that HFB may be of therapeutic value in preventing AP-mediated generation of C3a and C5a, and the associated inflammation caused by an overactive AP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nancy A Turner
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA.
| | - Joel L Moake
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Cai W, Wang M, Wang CY, Zhao CY, Zhang XY, Zhou Q, Zhao WJ, Yang F, Zhang CL, Yang AJ, Dong JF, Li M. Extracellular vesicles, hyperadhesive von willebrand factor, and outcomes of gastric cancer: a clinical observational study. Med Oncol 2023; 40:140. [PMID: 37031314 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-023-01950-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/10/2023]
Abstract
Von Willebrand factor (VWF) is an adhesive ligand critical for maintaining hemostasis. However, it has also been increasingly recognized for its role in cancer development because it has been shown to mediate the adhesion of cancer cells to endothelial cells, promote the epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and enhance angiogenesis. We have previously shown that gastric cancer cells synthesize VWF, which mediates the interaction between the cancer and endothelial cells to promote cancer growth. Here, we report results from a clinical observational study that demonstrate the association of VWF in plasma and on the surface of extracellular vesicles (EVs) with the pathological characteristics of gastric cancer. We found that patients with gastric cancer had elevated and intrinsically hyperadhesive VWF in their peripheral blood samples. VWF was detected on the surface of EVs from cancer cells, platelets, and endothelial cells. Higher levels of these VWF-bound EVs were associated with cancer aggression and poor clinical outcomes for patients. These findings suggest that VWF+ EVs from different cell types serve collectively as a new class of biomarkers for the outcome assessment of gastric cancer patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Cai
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institute of Pathology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Min Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institute of Pathology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Chen-Yu Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institute of Pathology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Chan-Yuan Zhao
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institute of Pathology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Yu Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institute of Pathology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Quan Zhou
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institute of Pathology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Wen-Jie Zhao
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institute of Pathology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Feng Yang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institute of Pathology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Chen-Li Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institute of Pathology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Ai-Jun Yang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institute of Pathology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.
| | - Jing-Fei Dong
- Bloodworks Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA.
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA.
| | - Min Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institute of Pathology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Meli A, McCormack A, Conte I, Chen Q, Streetley J, Rose ML, Bierings R, Hannah MJ, Molloy JE, Rosenthal PB, Carter T. Altered Storage and Function of von Willebrand Factor in Human Cardiac Microvascular Endothelial Cells Isolated from Recipient Transplant Hearts. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24054553. [PMID: 36901985 PMCID: PMC10003102 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The assembly of von Willebrand factor (VWF) into ordered helical tubules within endothelial Weibel-Palade bodies (WPBs) is required for the efficient deployment of the protein at sites of vascular injury. VWF trafficking and storage are sensitive to cellular and environmental stresses that are associated with heart disease and heart failure. Altered storage of VWF manifests as a change in WPB morphology from a rod shape to a rounded shape and is associated with impaired VWF deployment during secretion. In this study, we examined the morphology, ultrastructure, molecular composition and kinetics of exocytosis of WPBs in cardiac microvascular endothelial cells isolated from explanted hearts of patients with a common form of heart failure, dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM; HCMECD), or from nominally healthy donors (controls; HCMECC). Using fluorescence microscopy, WPBs in HCMECC (n = 3 donors) showed the typical rod-shaped morphology containing VWF, P-selectin and tPA. In contrast, WPBs in primary cultures of HCMECD (n = 6 donors) were predominantly rounded in shape and lacked tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA). Ultrastructural analysis of HCMECD revealed a disordered arrangement of VWF tubules in nascent WPBs emerging from the trans-Golgi network. HCMECD WPBs still recruited Rab27A, Rab3B, Myosin-Rab Interacting Protein (MyRIP) and Synaptotagmin-like protein 4a (Slp4-a) and underwent regulated exocytosis with kinetics similar to that seen in HCMECc. However, secreted extracellular VWF strings from HCMECD were significantly shorter than for endothelial cells with rod-shaped WPBs, although VWF platelet binding was similar. Our observations suggest that VWF trafficking, storage and haemostatic potential are perturbed in HCMEC from DCM hearts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Athinoula Meli
- Transplant Immunology, Heart Science Centre, Harefield Hospital, Hill End Road, Harefield UB9 6JH, UK
| | - Ann McCormack
- Transplant Immunology, Heart Science Centre, Harefield Hospital, Hill End Road, Harefield UB9 6JH, UK
| | - Ianina Conte
- Molecular and Clinical Sciences Research Institute, St Georges University of London, London SW17 0RE, UK
| | - Qu Chen
- Structural Biology Science Technology Platform, The Francis Crick Institute, London NW1 1AT, UK
| | - James Streetley
- Structural Biology of Cells and Viruses Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Marlene L. Rose
- Transplant Immunology, Heart Science Centre, Harefield Hospital, Hill End Road, Harefield UB9 6JH, UK
| | - Ruben Bierings
- Hematology, Erasmus University Medical Center, P.O. Box 2040, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Matthew J. Hannah
- High Containment Microbiology, UK Health Security Agency, London NW9 5EQ, UK
| | - Justin E. Molloy
- Single Molecule Enzymology Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Peter B. Rosenthal
- Structural Biology of Cells and Viruses Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Tom Carter
- Molecular and Clinical Sciences Research Institute, St Georges University of London, London SW17 0RE, UK
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +44-(208)-7255961
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Wadey KS, Somos A, Leyden G, Blythe H, Chan J, Hutchinson L, Poole A, Frankow A, Johnson JL, George SJ. Pro-inflammatory role of Wnt/β-catenin signaling in endothelial dysfunction. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 9:1059124. [PMID: 36794234 PMCID: PMC9923234 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.1059124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Endothelial dysfunction is a critical component of both atherosclerotic plaque formation and saphenous vein graft failure. Crosstalk between the pro-inflammatory TNF-α-NFκB signaling axis and the canonical Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway potentially plays an important role in regulating endothelial dysfunction, though the exact nature of this is not defined. Results In this study, cultured endothelial cells were challenged with TNF-α and the potential of a Wnt/β-catenin signaling inhibitor, iCRT-14, in reversing the adverse effects of TNF-α on endothelial physiology was evaluated. Treatment with iCRT-14 lowered nuclear and total NFκB protein levels, as well as expression of NFκB target genes, IL-8 and MCP-1. Inhibition of β-catenin activity with iCRT-14 suppressed TNF-α-induced monocyte adhesion and decreased VCAM-1 protein levels. Treatment with iCRT-14 also restored endothelial barrier function and increased levels of ZO-1 and focal adhesion-associated phospho-paxillin (Tyr118). Interestingly, inhibition of β-catenin with iCRT-14 enhanced platelet adhesion in cultured TNF-α-stimulated endothelial cells and in an ex vivo human saphenous vein model, most likely via elevating levels of membrane-tethered vWF. Wound healing was moderately retarded by iCRT-14; hence, inhibition of Wnt/β-catenin signaling may interfere with re-endothelialisation in grafted saphenous vein conduits. Conclusion Inhibition of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway with iCRT-14 significantly recovered normal endothelial function by decreasing inflammatory cytokine production, monocyte adhesion and endothelial permeability. However, treatment of cultured endothelial cells with iCRT-14 also exerted a pro-coagulatory and moderate anti-wound healing effect: these factors may affect the suitability of Wnt/β-catenin inhibition as a therapy for atherosclerosis and vein graft failure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kerry S. Wadey
- Bristol Medical School, Translational Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom,*Correspondence: Kerry S. Wadey,
| | - Alexandros Somos
- Bristol Medical School, Translational Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Genevieve Leyden
- Bristol Medical School, Translational Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Hazel Blythe
- Bristol Medical School, Translational Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Jeremy Chan
- Bristol Medical School, Translational Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Lawrence Hutchinson
- School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Translational Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Alastair Poole
- School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Translational Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Aleksandra Frankow
- Bristol Medical School, Translational Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Jason L. Johnson
- Bristol Medical School, Translational Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Sarah J. George
- Bristol Medical School, Translational Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Moore GW, Llusa M, Griffiths M, Binder NB. ADAMTS13 Activity Measurement by ELISA and Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer Assay. Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2663:533-547. [PMID: 37204735 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3175-1_35] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Accurate estimation of ADAMTS13 (a disintegrin-like and metalloprotease with thrombospondin type 1 motif, member 13) activity level is crucial in the diagnostic setting of differentiation between thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) and other thrombotic microangiopathies. The original assays were too cumbersome and time-consuming for use in the acute situation, and treatment was often based on clinical findings alone, with confirmatory laboratory assays following days or weeks later. Rapid assays are now available that can generate results fast enough to impact on immediate diagnosis and management. Assays based on fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) or chemiluminescence principles can generate results in less than an hour, although they require specific analytical platforms. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) can generate results in about 4 h, but do not require specialized equipment beyond ELISA plate readers that are in regular use in many laboratories. The present chapter describes principles, performance, and practical aspects of an ELISA and a FRET assay, for quantitative measurement of ADAMTS13 activity in plasma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gary W Moore
- Research and Development, Technoclone Herstellung von Diagnostika und Arzneimitteln GmbH, Vienna, Austria.
- Department of Haematology, Specialist Haemostasis Unit, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK.
- Department of Natural Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Middlesex University London, London, UK.
| | - Marcos Llusa
- Research and Development, Technoclone Herstellung von Diagnostika und Arzneimitteln GmbH, Vienna, Austria
| | - Margaret Griffiths
- Research and Development, Technoclone Herstellung von Diagnostika und Arzneimitteln GmbH, Vienna, Austria
| | - Nikolaus B Binder
- Research and Development, Technoclone Herstellung von Diagnostika und Arzneimitteln GmbH, Vienna, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Differentiating and Managing Rare Thrombotic Microangiopathies During Pregnancy and Postpartum. Obstet Gynecol 2023; 141:85-108. [PMID: 36455925 DOI: 10.1097/aog.0000000000005024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
The most common thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA) of pregnancy is the well-recognized syndrome of preeclampsia with hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, and low platelet count (HELLP) syndrome. However, rare TMAs, including thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura, complement-mediated hemolytic-uremic syndrome, and catastrophic antiphospholipid syndrome, may occur during pregnancy or postpartum and present with features similar to those of preeclampsia with severe features. Early recognition and treatment of these infrequently encountered conditions are key for avoiding serious maternal morbidities with long-term sequelae and possible maternal or fetal death. Differentiating between preeclampsia with severe features and these rare TMAs is diagnostically challenging as there is significant overlap in their clinical and laboratory presentation. Given the rarity of these TMAs, high-quality evidence-based recommendations on diagnosis and management during pregnancy are lacking. Using current objective information and recommendations from working groups, this report provides practical clinical approaches to diagnose and manage these rare TMAs. This report also discusses how to manage individuals with a history of these rare TMAs who are planning to conceive. To optimize favorable outcomes, a multidisciplinary approach including obstetricians, maternal-fetal medicine specialists, hematologists, and nephrologists alongside close clinical and laboratory monitoring is vital.
Collapse
|
37
|
Moore GW, Griffiths M, Binder NB. ADAMTS13 Activity: Screening Test Protocol. Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2663:523-531. [PMID: 37204734 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3175-1_34] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Accurate estimation of ADAMTS13 (a disintegrin-like and metalloprotease with thrombospondin type 1 motif, member 13) activity level is necessary for diagnosis and management of thrombotic microangiopathies (TMA). In particular, it permits distinction between thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) and other TMAs, prompting disorder appropriate treatment. Manual and automated quantitative assays of ADAMTS13 activity are commercially available, some providing results within less than an hour, but they require specialist equipment and personnel and tend to only be available in specialized diagnostic facilities. Technoscreen ADAMTS13 Activity is a rapid, commercially available, semiquantitative screening test employing flow-through technology and an ELISA activity assay principle. It is a simple to perform screening tool, not requiring specialist equipment or personnel. The colored end point is compared to a reference color chart containing four color intensity indicators corresponding to ADAMTS13 activity levels of 0, 0.1, 0.4, or 0.8 IU/mL. Reduced levels detected in the screening test should be confirmed by quantitative assay. The assay lends itself to use in nonspecialized laboratories, remote, and point-of-care settings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gary W Moore
- Research and Development, Technoclone Herstellung von Diagnostika und Arzneimitteln GmbH, Vienna, Austria.
- Specialist Haemostasis Unit, Department of Haematology, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK.
- Department of Natural Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Middlesex University London, London, UK.
| | - Margaret Griffiths
- Research and Development, Technoclone Herstellung von Diagnostika und Arzneimitteln GmbH, Vienna, Austria
| | - Nikolaus B Binder
- Research and Development, Technoclone Herstellung von Diagnostika und Arzneimitteln GmbH, Vienna, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Pillai VG, Zheng XL. A novel mechanism underlying allosteric regulation of ADAMTS-13 revealed by hydrogen-deuterium exchange plus mass spectrometry. Res Pract Thromb Haemost 2022; 7:100012. [PMID: 36852110 PMCID: PMC9958085 DOI: 10.1016/j.rpth.2022.100012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background ADAMTS-13, a plasma metalloprotease, cleaves von Willebrand factor. ADAMTS-13 activity appears to be regulated through allosteric inhibition by its distal C-terminus. Objectives The objective of this study was to better understand how domain-domain interactions may affect ADAMTS-13 conformations and functions. Methods We performed deuterium-hydrogen exchange plus mass spectrometry to assess the number and rate of deuterium incorporation into various peptides of full-length ADAMTS-13 and its truncated variants. Results Under physiological conditions, a bimodal distribution of deuterium incorporation was detected in the peptides from metalloprotease (217-230 and 282-304), cysteine-rich (446-482), and CUB (for complement C1r/C1s, Uegf, Bmp1) domains (1185-1214, 1313-1330, 1341-1347, 1358-1378, and 1393-1407) of full-length recombinant ADAMTS-13, but not of truncated variants. These results suggest that the full-length ADAMTS-13 undergoes conformational changes. On removal of the middle and distal C-terminal domains, the number and rate of deuterium incorporation were increased in the peptides from cysteine-rich (445-467, 467-482, and 495-503) and spacer domains (621-642 and 655-654) but decreased in the peptides from metalloprotease (115-124, 217-230, and 274-281). Moreover, most peptides, except for 217-230 and 1357-1376, exhibited a pD-dependent deuterium incorporation in the full-length ADAMTS-13, but not in the truncated variant (eg, MDTCS or T5C). These results further suggest that the bimodal deuterium incorporation observed in the peptides from the full-length ADAMTS-13 is the result of potential impact from the middle to distal C-terminal domains. Surface plasmon resonance revealed the direct binding interactions between the distal and proximal domains of ADAMTS-13. Conclusion Our results provide novel insight on how intramolecular interactions may affect conformations of ADAMTS-13, thus regulating its proteolytic functions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vikram G. Pillai
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, USA,Department of Biophysics, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - X. Long Zheng
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, USA,Institute of Reproductive Medicine and Developmental Sciences, The University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, USA,Correspondence X. Long Zheng, MD, PhD, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Boulevard, 5016 Delp, Kansas City, Kansas 66160, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Conformation of von Willebrand factor in shear flow revealed with stroboscopic single-molecule imaging. Blood 2022; 140:2490-2499. [PMID: 36040485 PMCID: PMC9837445 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2022016969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
von Willebrand factor (VWF) is a multimeric blood protein that acts as a mechanical probe, responding to changes in flow to initiate platelet plug formation. Previously, our laboratory tests had shown that using single-molecule imaging that shear stress can extend surface-tethered VWF, but paradoxically, we found that the required shear stress was higher than reported for free-in-flow VWF, an observation inconsistent with basic physical principles. To resolve this inconsistency critical to VWF's molecular mechanism, we measured free-VWF extension in shear flow using pulsed laser stroboscopic imaging of single molecules. Here, laser pulses of different durations are used to capture multiple images of the same molecule within each frame, enabling accurate length measurements in the presence of motion blur. At high shear stresses, we observed a mean shift in VWF extension of <200 nm, much shorter than the multiple-micron extensions previously reported with no evidence for the predicted sharp globule-stretch conformational transition. Modeling VWF with a Brownian dynamics simulation, our results were consistent with VWF behaving as an uncollapsed polymer rather than the theorized compact ball. The muted response of free VWF to high shear rates implies that the tension experienced by free VWF in physiological shear flow is lower than indicated by previous reports and that tethering to platelets or the vessel wall is required to mechanically activate VWF adhesive function for primary hemostasis.
Collapse
|
40
|
Nwagha TU, Nweke M, Ezigbo ED. Contributions of von Willebrand factor to clinical severity of sickle cell disease: a systematic review and metanalysis. HEMATOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2022; 27:860-866. [PMID: 35938970 DOI: 10.1080/16078454.2022.2107908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the contributions of VWF to the clinical manifestation and severity of SCD. DESIGN A systematic review of peer-reviewed articles published in English. The review was carried out in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses checklist. METHODS The data sources for the review included MEDLINE, PubMed, CINAHL, and Academic Search Complete. Articles that applied a quantitative approach to the investigation of the relationship of vWF with clinical manifestations and severity indices were included. The risk of bias assessment was carried out with a mixed-method appraisal tool. We computed I 2 to estimate the degree of heterogeneity. RESULT There was a significantly higher level of VWF in SCD than in the control (d = 2.7, Z = 4.865, P < 0.001, I 2 = 96.41%). Significant positive correlations were obtained for the relationship of VWF with vasoocclusive crisis (r= 0.277, Z= 5.077, P < 0.001, 1 2 =15.62), rate of hemolysis (r=0.441; Z= 4.440, I 2 = <1%), extracellular haemoglobin (r=-0.397, Z=-4.155, I 2 =<1%) and CRP (r = 0.331, Z = 4.566, P < 0.001, I 2 < 1%).The VWF is important in determining the clinical severity of sickle cell disease, which constitutes a putative therapeutic target. More work is required to understand the causal direction underlying the association between VWF levels and the clinical severity of sickle cell disease and the potential role that VWF plays in the clinical manifestations of sickle cell disease. PROTOCOL REGISTRATION The protocol was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42021262625).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T U Nwagha
- Department of Haematology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Nigeria /University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital Ituku Ozalla, Nsukka, Nigeria
| | | | - E D Ezigbo
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Nigeria Enugu Campus, Nsukka, Nigeria
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Neidemire-Colley L, Robert J, Ackaoui A, Dorrance AM, Guimond M, Ranganathan P. Role of endothelial cells in graft-versus-host disease. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1033490. [PMID: 36505438 PMCID: PMC9727380 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1033490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
To date, the only curative treatment for high-risk or refractory hematologic malignancies non-responsive to standard chemotherapy is allogeneic hematopoietic transplantation (allo-HCT). Acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) is a donor T cell-mediated immunological disorder that is frequently fatal and the leading cause of non-relapse mortality (NRM) in patients post allo-HCT. The pathogenesis of acute GVHD involves recognition of minor and/or major HLA mismatched host antigens by donor T cells followed by expansion, migration and finally end-organ damage due to combination of inflammatory cytokine secretion and direct cytotoxic effects. The endothelium is a thin layer of endothelial cells (EC) that line the innermost portion of the blood vessels and a key regulator in vascular homeostasis and inflammatory responses. Endothelial cells are activated by a wide range of inflammatory mediators including bacterial products, contents released from dying/apoptotic cells and cytokines and respond by secreting cytokines/chemokines that facilitate the recruitment of innate and adaptive immune cells to the site of inflammation. Endothelial cells can also be damaged prior to transplant as well as by alloreactive donor T cells. Prolonged EC activation results in dysfunction that plays a role in multiple post-transplant complications including but not limited to veno-occlusive disease (VOD), transplant associated thrombotic microangiopathy (TA-TMA), and idiopathic pneumonia syndrome. In this mini review, we summarize the biology of endothelial cells, factors regulating EC activation and the role of ECs in inflammation and GVHD pathogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lotus Neidemire-Colley
- Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States,Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Jérémy Robert
- Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Antoine Ackaoui
- Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Adrienne M. Dorrance
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States,Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Martin Guimond
- Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada,Collège Bois de Boulogne, Montréal, QC, Canada,Centre de recherche de l’Hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosemont, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Parvathi Ranganathan
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States,Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States,*Correspondence: Parvathi Ranganathan,
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Globisch MA, Onyeogaziri FC, Jauhiainen S, Yau AC, Orsenigo F, Conze LL, Arce M, Corada M, Smith RO, Rorsman C, Sundell V, Fernando D, Daniel G, Mattsson O, Savander H, Wanders A, Rezai Jahromi B, Laakso A, Niemelä M, Dejana E, Magnusson PU. Immunothrombosis and vascular heterogeneity in cerebral cavernous malformation. Blood 2022; 140:2154-2169. [PMID: 35981497 PMCID: PMC10653039 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2021015350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cerebral cavernous malformation (CCM) is a neurovascular disease that results in various neurological symptoms. Thrombi have been reported in surgically resected CCM patient biopsies, but the molecular signatures of these thrombi remain elusive. Here, we investigated the kinetics of thrombi formation in CCM and how thrombi affect the vasculature and contribute to cerebral hypoxia. We used RNA sequencing to investigate the transcriptome of mouse brain endothelial cells with an inducible endothelial-specific Ccm3 knock-out (Ccm3-iECKO). We found that Ccm3-deficient brain endothelial cells had a higher expression of genes related to the coagulation cascade and hypoxia when compared with wild-type brain endothelial cells. Immunofluorescent assays identified key molecular signatures of thrombi such as fibrin, von Willebrand factor, and activated platelets in Ccm3-iECKO mice and human CCM biopsies. Notably, we identified polyhedrocytes in Ccm3-iECKO mice and human CCM biopsies and report it for the first time. We also found that the parenchyma surrounding CCM lesions is hypoxic and that more thrombi correlate with higher levels of hypoxia. We created an in vitro model to study CCM pathology and found that human brain endothelial cells deficient for CCM3 expressed elevated levels of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 and had a redistribution of von Willebrand factor. With transcriptomics, comprehensive imaging, and an in vitro CCM preclinical model, this study provides experimental evidence that genes and proteins related to the coagulation cascade affect the brain vasculature and promote neurological side effects such as hypoxia in CCMs. This study supports the concept that antithrombotic therapy may be beneficial for patients with CCM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria A. Globisch
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Favour C. Onyeogaziri
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Suvi Jauhiainen
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Anthony C.Y. Yau
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Fabrizio Orsenigo
- Vascular Biology Unit, IFOM ETS—The AIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - Lei L. Conze
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Maximiliano Arce
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Monica Corada
- Vascular Biology Unit, IFOM ETS—The AIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - Ross O. Smith
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Charlotte Rorsman
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Veronica Sundell
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Dinesh Fernando
- Department of Biomaterials and Technology/Wood Science, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Geoffrey Daniel
- Department of Biomaterials and Technology/Wood Science, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Oscar Mattsson
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Henri Savander
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Alkwin Wanders
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Behnam Rezai Jahromi
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Aki Laakso
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mika Niemelä
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Elisabetta Dejana
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Vascular Biology Unit, IFOM ETS—The AIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - Peetra U. Magnusson
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
George JN. Hereditary thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura: The risk for death at birth. Res Pract Thromb Haemost 2022; 6:e12840. [PMID: 36397935 PMCID: PMC9663672 DOI: 10.1002/rth2.12840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- James N. George
- Hematology‐Oncology Section, Department of Medicine, Department of Biostatistics & Epidemiology, Hudson College of Public HealthThe University of Oklahoma Health Sciences CenterOklahoma CityOklahomaUSA
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Zheng L, Cao L, Zheng XL. ADAMTS13 protease or lack of von Willebrand factor protects irradiation and melanoma-induced thrombotic microangiopathy in zebrafish. J Thromb Haemost 2022; 20:2270-2283. [PMID: 35894519 PMCID: PMC9641623 DOI: 10.1111/jth.15820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Severe deficiency of plasma ADAMTS13 activity may result in potentially fatal thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura and relative deficiency of plasma ADAMTS13 activity may be associated with adverse outcomes of certain malignancies. Here, we report the role of ADAMTS13 or lack of von Willebrand factor (VWF) in reducing irradiation and melanoma-induced thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA) and mortality in zebrafish. METHODS Zebrafish melanoma cell line (ZMEL) was injected subcutaneously into wild-type (wt), adamts13-/- (a13-/- ), von Willebrand factor (vwf-/- ), and a13-/- vwf-/- zebrafish following total body irradiation; the tumor growth, its gene expression pattern, the resulting thrombocytopenia, and the mortality were determined. RESULTS Total body irradiation at 30 Gy alone resulted in a transient thrombocytopenia in both wt and a13-/- zebrafish. However, thrombocytopenia occurred earlier and more profound in a13-/- than in wt zebrafish, which was resolved 2 weeks following irradiation alone. An inoculation of ZMEL following the irradiation resulted in more severe and persistent thrombocytopenia, as well as earlier death in a13-/- than in wt zebrafish. The vwf-/- or a13-/- vwf-/- zebrafish were protected from developing severe thrombocytopenia following the same maneuvers. RNA-sequencing revealed significant differentially expressed genes associated with oxidation-reduction, metabolism, lipid, fatty acid and cholesterol metabolic processes, steroid synthesis, and phospholipid efflux in the melanoma explanted from a13-/- zebrafish compared with that from the wt controls. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicated that plasma ADAMTS13 or lack of VWF may offer a significant protection against the development of irradiation- and/or melanoma-induced TMA. Such a microenvironment may directly affect melanoma cell phenotypes via alternation in the oxidation-reduction and lipid metabolic pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liang Zheng
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
- Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Sciences, The University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Liyun Cao
- Department of Pathology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - X. Long Zheng
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
- Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Sciences, The University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Müller J, Hamedani NS, McRae HL, Rühl H, Oldenburg J, Pötzsch B. Assay for ADAMTS-13 Activity with Flow Cytometric Readout. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:30801-30806. [PMID: 36092586 PMCID: PMC9453954 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c02077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
A disintegrin and metalloproteinase with a thrombospondin type 1 motif, member 13 (ADAMTS-13) is a metalloprotease that regulates the size of circulating von Willebrand factor (vWF) multimers. Severe lack of ADAMTS-13 activity [<10% of normal (0.1 IU/mL)] leads to thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP), a specific type of thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA). Timely determination of plasma ADAMTS-13 activity is essential to discriminate TTP from other types of TMA with respect to adequate treatment. Identification of the minimal substrate motif for ADAMTS-13 within the A2 domain of vWF (vWF73) as well as the generation of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) that specifically recognize the ADAMTS-13 cleavage site enabled the development of a variety of methods for determination of plasma ADAMTS-13 activity. In order to further extend the range of analytical platforms applicable for quantitative determination of plasma ADAMTS-13 activity, a specific, vWF/mAb-based assay with flow cytometric readout was developed and validated. Basic assay characteristics include a total assay time of 80 to 90 min, a near linear dynamic range from 0.005 (lower limit of quantification) to 0.2 IU/mL, and intra- and interassay coefficients of variation below 5 and 30% at input plasma ADAMTS-13 activities of 0.015 and ≤0.050 IU/mL, respectively. When compared to the results obtained with a commercially available quantitative ADAMTS-13 activity ELISA, analysis of 18 plasma samples obtained from patients with suspected TTP revealed full agreement of results with respect to the clinical 0.1 IU/mL TTP threshold. Based on these data, it is assumed that the described assay principle can be successfully transferred to virtually all laboratories that have a flow cytometer available.
Collapse
|
46
|
Hunt RC, Katneni U, Yalamanoglu A, Indig FE, Ibla JC, Kimchi-Sarfaty C. Contribution of ADAMTS13-independent VWF regulation in sickle cell disease. J Thromb Haemost 2022; 20:2098-2108. [PMID: 35753044 PMCID: PMC10460119 DOI: 10.1111/jth.15804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Von Willebrand factor (VWF) is elevated in sickle cell disease (SCD) and contributes to vaso-occlusion through its thrombogenic properties. VWF is regulated by ADAMTS13, a plasma protease that cleaves VWF into less bioactive multimers. Independent investigations have shown VWF to be elevated in SCD, whereas measurements of ADAMTS13 have been variable. OBJECTIVES We assessed ADAMTS13 activity using multiple activity assays and measured levels of alternative VWF-cleaving proteases in SCD. METHODS/ PATIENTS Plasma samples were collected from adult patients with SCD (n = 20) at a single institution when presenting for routine red cell exchange transfusion therapy. ADAMTS13 activity was measured by FRETS-VWF73, Technozym ADAMTS-13 Activity ELISA kit and a full-length VWF digestion reaction. Alternative VWF-cleaving proteases were identified by ELISA. A cell culture model was used to study the impact of SCD stimuli on endothelial ADAMTS13 and alternative VWF-cleaving proteases. RESULTS ADAMTS13 activity was found to be moderately deficient across the SCD cohort as assessed by activity assays using a VWF A2 domain peptide substrate. However, SCD plasma showed preserved ability to digest full-length VWF, suggesting assay-discrepant results. Neutrophil and endothelial-derived proteases were found to be elevated in SCD plasma. Matrix metalloproteinase 9 specifically showed preferential cleavage of full-length VWF. Upregulation of alternative VWF-cleaving proteases occurred in endothelial cells exposed to SCD stimuli such as heme and hypoxia. CONCLUSIONS This is the first demonstration of accessory plasma enzymes contributing to the regulation of VWF in a specific disease state and may have implications for assessing the VWF/ADAMTS13 axis in other settings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ryan C. Hunt
- Division of Plasma Protein Therapeutics, Office of Tissues and Advanced Therapies, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
| | - Upendra Katneni
- Division of Plasma Protein Therapeutics, Office of Tissues and Advanced Therapies, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
| | - Ayla Yalamanoglu
- Division of Plasma Protein Therapeutics, Office of Tissues and Advanced Therapies, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
| | - Fred E. Indig
- Confocal Imaging Facility, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Juan C. Ibla
- Division of Cardiac Anesthesia, Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Chava Kimchi-Sarfaty
- Division of Plasma Protein Therapeutics, Office of Tissues and Advanced Therapies, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Wienkamp AK, Erpenbeck L, Rossaint J. Platelets in the NETworks interweaving inflammation and thrombosis. Front Immunol 2022; 13:953129. [PMID: 35979369 PMCID: PMC9376363 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.953129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Platelets are well characterized for their indispensable role in primary hemostasis to control hemorrhage. Research over the past years has provided a substantial body of evidence demonstrating that platelets also participate in host innate immunity. The surface expression of pattern recognition receptors, such as TLR2 and TLR4, provides platelets with the ability to sense bacterial products in their environment. Platelet α-granules contain microbicidal proteins, chemokines and growth factors, which upon release may directly engage pathogens and/or contribute to inflammatory signaling. Additionally, platelet interactions with neutrophils enhance neutrophil activation and are often crucial to induce a sufficient immune response. In particular, platelets can activate neutrophils to form neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). This specific neutrophil effector function is characterized by neutrophils expelling chromatin fibres decorated with histones and antimicrobial proteins into the extracellular space where they serve to trap and kill pathogens. Until now, the mechanisms and signaling pathways between platelets and neutrophils inducing NET formation are still not fully characterized. NETs were also detected in thrombotic lesions in several disease backgrounds, pointing towards a role as an interface between neutrophils, platelets and thrombosis, also known as immunothrombosis. The negatively charged DNA within NETs provides a procoagulant surface, and in particular NET-derived proteins may directly activate platelets. In light of the current COVID-19 pandemic, the topic of immunothrombosis has become more relevant than ever, as a majority of COVID-19 patients display thrombi in the lung capillaries and other vascular beds. Furthermore, NETs can be found in the lung and other tissues and are associated with an increased mortality. Here, virus infiltration may lead to a cytokine storm that potently activates neutrophils and leads to massive neutrophil infiltration into the lung and NET formation. The resulting NETs presumably activate platelets and coagulation factors, further contributing to the subsequent emergence of microthrombi in pulmonary capillaries. In this review, we will discuss the interplay between platelets and NETs and the potential of this alliance to influence the course of inflammatory diseases. A better understanding of the underlying molecular mechanisms and the identification of treatment targets is of utmost importance to increase patients’ survival and improve the clinical outcome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ann-Katrin Wienkamp
- Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Luise Erpenbeck
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Jan Rossaint
- Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
- *Correspondence: Jan Rossaint,
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Wang M, Cai W, Yang AJ, Wang CY, Zhang CL, Liu W, Xie XF, Gong YY, Zhao YY, Wu WC, Zhou Q, Zhao CY, Dong JF, Li M. Gastric cancer cell-derived extracellular vesicles disrupt endothelial integrity and promote metastasis. Cancer Lett 2022; 545:215827. [PMID: 35842018 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2022.215827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The endothelium is the critical barrier that controls transendothelial communications. Blood vessels in cancer tissue are poorly developed and highly permeable. However, it is poorly understood how circulating cancer cells released through these "leaky" vessels break the intact vasculature of remote organs to metastasize. We investigated the roles of cancer cell-derived extracellular vesicles (CEVs) in regulating cancer metastasis by analyzing samples from gastric cancer patients, performing in vitro experiments, and studying mouse models. We made several novel observations. First, the rate of metastasis was closely associated with plasma levels of CEVs in patients with gastric cancer. Second, cultured endothelial cells endocytosed CEVs, resulting in cytoskeletal rearrangement, low expression of the junction proteins cadherin and CD31, and forming large intercellular gaps to allow the transendothelial migration of cancer cells. The dynamin inhibitor Dynasore prevented these CEV-induced changes of endothelial cells by blocking CEVs endocytosis. Third, CEVs disrupted the endothelial barrier of cancer-bearing mice to promote cancer metastasis. Finally, lactadherin promoted the clearance of circulating CEVs to reduce metastasis. These results demonstrate the essential role of CEVs in promoting the metastasis of gastric cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Min Wang
- Institute of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China; Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.
| | - Wei Cai
- Institute of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China; Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, China.
| | - Ai-Jun Yang
- Institute of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.
| | - Chen-Yu Wang
- Institute of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.
| | - Chen-Li Zhang
- Institute of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.
| | - Wei Liu
- Institute of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.
| | - Xiao-Feng Xie
- Institute of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China; School of Medicine, Northwest MinZu University, Lanzhou, China.
| | - Yuan-Yuan Gong
- Institute of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China; Institute of Pathology, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Fenyang College of Shanxi Medical University, Fenyang, China.
| | - Ying-Ying Zhao
- Institute of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China; Institute of Pathology, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Fenyang College of Shanxi Medical University, Fenyang, China.
| | - Wen-Cheng Wu
- Institute of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.
| | - Quan Zhou
- Institute of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.
| | - Chan-Yuan Zhao
- Institute of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.
| | - Jing-Fei Dong
- Bloodworks Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA; Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA.
| | - Min Li
- Institute of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China; Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Ozawa K, Muller MA, Varlamov O, Hagen MW, Packwood W, Morgan TK, Xie A, López CS, Chung D, Chen J, López JA, Lindner JR. Reduced Proteolytic Cleavage of von Willebrand Factor Leads to Aortic Valve Stenosis and Load-Dependent Ventricular Remodeling. JACC Basic Transl Sci 2022; 7:642-655. [PMID: 35958695 PMCID: PMC9357566 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacbts.2022.02.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We hypothesized that excess endothelial-associated von Willebrand factor (vWF) and secondary platelet adhesion contribute to aortic valve stenosis (AS). We studied hyperlipidemic mice lacking ADAMTS13 (LDLR -/- AD13 -/- ), which cleaves endothelial-associated vWF multimers. On echocardiography and molecular imaging, LDLR -/- AD13 -/- compared with control strains had increased aortic endothelial vWF and platelet adhesion and developed hemodynamically significant AS, arterial stiffening, high valvulo-aortic impedance, and secondary load-dependent reduction in LV systolic function. Histology revealed leaflet thickening and calcification with valve interstitial cell myofibroblastic and osteogenic transformation, and evidence for TGFβ1 pathway activation. We conclude that valve leaflet endothelial vWF-platelet interactions promote AS through juxtacrine platelet signaling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Koya Ozawa
- Knight Cardiovascular Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Matthew A. Muller
- Knight Cardiovascular Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Oleg Varlamov
- Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Matthew W. Hagen
- Knight Cardiovascular Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - William Packwood
- Knight Cardiovascular Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Terry K. Morgan
- Department of Pathology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Aris Xie
- Knight Cardiovascular Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Claudia S. López
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | | | | | | | - Jonathan R. Lindner
- Knight Cardiovascular Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
- Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
- Address for correspondence: Dr Jonathan R. Lindner, Cardiovascular Division, UHN-62, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, Oregon 97239, USA. @JLindnerMD
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Rayner SG, Scholl Z, Mandrycky CJ, Chen J, LaValley KN, Leary PJ, Altemeier WA, Liles WC, Chung DW, López JA, Fu H, Zheng Y. Endothelial-derived von Willebrand factor accelerates fibrin clotting within engineered microvessels. J Thromb Haemost 2022; 20:1627-1637. [PMID: 35343037 PMCID: PMC10581744 DOI: 10.1111/jth.15714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2021] [Revised: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Von Willebrand factor (VWF) is classically associated with primary hemostasis and platelet-rich arterial thromboses, but recently has also been implicated in fibrin clotting and venous thrombosis. Direct interaction between fibrin and VWF may mediate these processes, although prior reports are conflicting. OBJECTIVES We combined two complementary platforms to characterize VWF-fibrin(ogen) interactions and identify their potential physiologic significance. METHODS Engineered microvessels were lined with human endothelial cells, cultured under flow, and activated to release VWF and form transluminal VWF fibers. Fibrinogen, fibrin monomers, or polymerizing fibrin were then perfused, and interactions with VWF evaluated. Thrombin and fibrinogen were perfused into living versus paraformeldahyde-fixed microvessels and the pressure drop across microvessels monitored. Separately, protein binding to tethered VWF was assessed on a single-molecule level using total internal reflection fluorescence (TIRF) microscopy. RESULTS Within microvessels, VWF fibers colocalized with polymerizing fibrin, but not fibrinogen. TIRF microscopy showed no colocalization between VWF and fibrinogen or fibrin monomers in a microfluidic flow chamber across a range of shear rates and protein concentrations. Thrombin-mediated fibrin polymerization within living microvessels triggered endothelial VWF release, increasing the rate and amount of microvessel obstruction compared to fixed vessels with an inert endothelium. CONCLUSIONS We did not identify specific binding between fibrin(ogen) and VWF at a single-molecule level. Despite this, our results suggest that rapid release of endothelial VWF during clotting may provide a physical support for fibrin polymerization and accelerate thrombosis. This interaction may be of fundamental importance for the understanding and treatment of human thrombotic disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samuel G. Rayner
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Center for Lung Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Zackary Scholl
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | | | - Junmei Chen
- Bloodworks Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Karina N. LaValley
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Peter J. Leary
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - William A. Altemeier
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Center for Lung Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - W. Conrad Liles
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Dominic W. Chung
- Bloodworks Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - José A. López
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Bloodworks Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Hongxia Fu
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Bloodworks Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Ying Zheng
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA
| |
Collapse
|