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Nielsen MH, Nielsen PR, Bzorek M, Eriksen JO, Wehkamp U, Lindahl LM, Woetmann A, Ødum N, Litman T, Gjerdrum LMR. Stage-related increase in PIM2 expression in mycosis fungoides. APMIS 2024; 132:564-570. [PMID: 38757234 DOI: 10.1111/apm.13423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
The oncogene PIM2 is upregulated in several malignancies but has never been investigated in mycosis fungoides (MF), the most common type of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL). PIM2 is a well-known oncogene and is regulated by cell signaling pathways like the JAK/STAT- and NF-kB-pathway, key regulators in the pathogenesis of CTCL. The aim of this study was to examine the role of PIM2 in MF. PIM2 gene expression was measured in 81 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded skin biopsies from patients with MF and 46 control biopsies from healthy skin (HS) and benign inflammatory skin disease (BID). Validation of PIM2 protein expression was performed on selected biopsies with immunohistochemical staining. We found a significant difference in gene expression levels between both early stage MF and HS (p < 0.0001), and BID (p < 0.0001). In addition, the PIM2 gene expression was higher in advanced-stage MF compared to early stage disease (p = 0.0001). No significant difference in gene expression levels was found between patients with and without disease progression. In conclusion, we found PIM2 expression is significantly increased in MF compared to controls, and in advanced-stage MF compared to early stage MF. These findings could potentially have diagnostic value in discriminating early stage MF from BID.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mie Holm Nielsen
- Department of Pathology, Copenhagen University Hospital - Zealand University Hospital Roskilde, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Pia Rude Nielsen
- Department of Pathology, Copenhagen University Hospital - Zealand University Hospital Roskilde, Roskilde, Denmark
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, LEO Foundation Skin Immunology Research Center, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Michael Bzorek
- Department of Pathology, Copenhagen University Hospital - Zealand University Hospital Roskilde, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Jens Ole Eriksen
- Department of Pathology, Copenhagen University Hospital - Zealand University Hospital Roskilde, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Ulrike Wehkamp
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital, Kiel, Schleswig-Holstein, Germany
| | | | - Anders Woetmann
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, LEO Foundation Skin Immunology Research Center, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Niels Ødum
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, LEO Foundation Skin Immunology Research Center, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Thomas Litman
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, LEO Foundation Skin Immunology Research Center, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lise Mette Rahbek Gjerdrum
- Department of Pathology, Copenhagen University Hospital - Zealand University Hospital Roskilde, Roskilde, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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2
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Pan S, Cai Q, Wei Y, Tang H, Zhang Y, Zhou W, Deng T, Mo W, Wang S, Wang C, Chen C. Increased co-expression of ICOS and PD-1 predicts poor overall survival in patients with acute myeloid leukemia. Immunobiology 2024; 229:152804. [PMID: 38615511 DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2024.152804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2024] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inducible co-stimulatory factor (ICOS) has a dual role: activating cytotoxic T cells against tumors or exacerbating immunosuppression of regulatory T cells (Tregs) to participate in immune evasion. However, the correlation between ICOS and its co-expression with inhibitory immune checkpoints (IICs) and prognosis in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is little known. METHODS The prognostic importance of ICOS and IICs in 62 bone marrow (BM) samples of de novo AML patients from our clinical center (GZFPH) was explored and then the RNA sequencing data of 155 AML patients from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database was used for validation. RESULTS In both GZFPH and TCGA cohorts, high expression of ICOS was significantly associated with poor overall survival (OS) in patients with AML (P < 0.05). Importantly, co-expression of ICOS and PD-1, PD-L1, PD-L2, CTLA-4, and LAG-3 predicted poor OS in AML; among them, ICOS/PD-1 was the optimal combination of immune checkpoints (ICs). The co-expression of ICOS and PD-1 was correlated with poor OS in non-acute promyelocytic leukemia (non-APL) patients following chemotherapy. Additionally, ICOS/PD-1 was an independent OS-predicting factor (P < 0.05). Notably, a nomogram model was constructed by combining ICOS/PD-1, age, European Leukemia Net (ELN) risk stratification, and therapy to visually and personalized predict the 1-, 3-, and 5-year OS of patients with non-APL. CONCLUSION Increased expression of ICOS predicted poor outcomes, and ICOS/PD-1 was the optimal combination of ICs to predict outcomes in patients with AML, which might be a potential immune biomarker for designing novel AML therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyi Pan
- Department of Hematology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510180, China
| | - Qinghua Cai
- Department of Hematology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510180, China
| | - Yiqiong Wei
- Department of Neurology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510180, China
| | - Haifeng Tang
- Department of Surgery, The Third School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 516006, China
| | - Yuping Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510180, China
| | - Wei Zhou
- Department of Hematology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510180, China
| | - Tingfen Deng
- Department of Hematology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510180, China
| | - Wenjian Mo
- Department of Hematology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510180, China
| | - Shunqing Wang
- Department of Hematology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510180, China.
| | - Caixia Wang
- Department of Hematology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510180, China.
| | - Cunte Chen
- Department of Hematology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510180, China.
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Zhang Q, Basappa J, Wang HY, Nunez-Cruz S, Lobello C, Wang S, Liu X, Chekol S, Guo L, Ziober A, Nejati R, Shestov A, Feldman M, Glickson JD, Turner SD, Blair IA, Van Dang C, Wasik MA. Chimeric kinase ALK induces expression of NAMPT and selectively depends on this metabolic enzyme to sustain its own oncogenic function. Leukemia 2023; 37:2436-2447. [PMID: 37773266 PMCID: PMC11152057 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-023-02038-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023]
Abstract
As we show in this study, NAMPT, the key rate-limiting enzyme in the salvage pathway, one of the three known pathways involved in NAD synthesis, is selectively over-expressed in anaplastic T-cell lymphoma carrying oncogenic kinase NPM1::ALK (ALK + ALCL). NPM1::ALK induces expression of the NAMPT-encoding gene with STAT3 acting as transcriptional activator of the gene. Inhibition of NAMPT affects ALK + ALCL cells expression of numerous genes, many from the cell-signaling, metabolic, and apoptotic pathways. NAMPT inhibition also functionally impairs the key metabolic and signaling pathways, strikingly including enzymatic activity and, hence, oncogenic function of NPM1::ALK itself. Consequently, NAMPT inhibition induces cell death in vitro and suppresses ALK + ALCL tumor growth in vivo. These results indicate that NAMPT is a novel therapeutic target in ALK + ALCL and, possibly, other similar malignancies. Targeting metabolic pathways selectively activated by oncogenic kinases to which malignant cells become "addicted" may become a novel therapeutic approach to cancer, alternative or, more likely, complementary to direct inhibition of the kinase enzymatic domain. This potential therapy to simultaneously inhibit and metabolically "starve" oncogenic kinases may not only lead to higher response rates but also delay, or even prevent, development of drug resistance, frequently seen when kinase inhibitors are used as single agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Zhang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Johnvesly Basappa
- Department of Pathology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Hong Y Wang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Selene Nunez-Cruz
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Cosimo Lobello
- Department of Pathology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Shengchun Wang
- Department of Pathology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Xiaobin Liu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Seble Chekol
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Lili Guo
- Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Amy Ziober
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Reza Nejati
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Alex Shestov
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Michael Feldman
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jerry D Glickson
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | - Ian A Blair
- Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Chi Van Dang
- Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Mariusz A Wasik
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
- Department of Pathology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
- Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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4
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Wu R, Lim MS. Updates in pathobiological aspects of anaplastic large cell lymphoma. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1241532. [PMID: 37810974 PMCID: PMC10556522 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1241532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Anaplastic large cell lymphomas (ALCL) encompass several distinct subtypes of mature T-cell neoplasms that are unified by the expression of CD30 and anaplastic cytomorphology. Identification of the cytogenetic abnormality t(2;5)(p23;q35) led to the subclassification of ALCLs into ALK+ ALCL and ALK- ALCL. According to the most recent World Health Organization (WHO) Classification of Haematolymphoid Tumours as well as the International Consensus Classification (ICC) of Mature Lymphoid Neoplasms, ALCLs encompass ALK+ ALCL, ALK- ALCL, and breast implant-associated ALCL (BI-ALCL). Approximately 80% of systemic ALCLs harbor rearrangement of ALK, with NPM1 being the most common partner gene, although many other fusion partner genes have been identified to date. ALK- ALCLs represent a heterogeneous group of lymphomas with distinct clinical, immunophenotypic, and genetic features. A subset harbor recurrent rearrangement of genes, including TYK2, DUSP22, and TP63, with a proportion for which genetic aberrations have yet to be characterized. Although primary cutaneous ALCL (pc-ALCL) is currently classified as a subtype of primary cutaneous T-cell lymphoma, due to the large anaplastic and pleomorphic morphology together with CD30 expression in the malignant cells, this review also discusses the pathobiological features of this disease entity. Genomic and proteomic studies have contributed significant knowledge elucidating novel signaling pathways that are implicated in ALCL pathogenesis and represent candidate targets of therapeutic interventions. This review aims to offer perspectives on recent insights regarding the pathobiological and genetic features of ALCL.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Megan S. Lim
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States
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5
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Zhang Q, Wang HY, Nayak A, Nunez-Cruz S, Slupianek A, Liu X, Basappa J, Fan JS, Chekol S, Nejati R, Bogusz AM, Turner SD, Swaminathan K, Wasik MA. Induction of Transcriptional Inhibitor HES1 and the Related Repression of Tumor-Suppressor TXNIP Are Important Components of Cell-Transformation Program Imposed by Oncogenic Kinase NPM-ALK. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2022; 192:1186-1198. [PMID: 35640677 PMCID: PMC9379685 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2022.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
This study reports that hairy and enhancer of split homolog-1 (HES1), known to repress gene transcription in progenitor cells of several cell lineages, was strongly expressed in cells and tissues of T-cell lymphoma expressing the oncogenic chimeric tyrosine kinase nucleophosmin (NPM)-anaplastic lymphoma kinase [ALK; ALK+ T-cell lymphoma (TCL)]. The structural analysis of the Orange domain of HES1 indicated that HES1 formed a highly stable homodimer. Of note, repression of HES1 expression led to inhibition of ALK+ TCL cell growth in vivo. The expression of the HES1 gene was induced by NPM-ALK through activation of STAT3, which bound to the gene's promoter and induced the gene's transcription. NPM-ALK also directly phosphorylated HES1 protein. In turn, HES1 up-regulated and down-regulated in ALK+ TCL cells, the expression of numerous genes, protein products of which are involved in key cell functions, such as cell proliferation and viability. Among the genes inhibited by HES1 was thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP), encoding a protein implicated in promotion of cell death in various types of cells. Accordingly, ALK+ TCL cells and tissues lacked expression of TXNIP, and its transcription was co-inhibited by HES1 and STAT3 in an NPM-ALK-dependent manner. Finally, the induced expression of TXNIP induced massive apoptotic cell death of ALK+ TCL cells. The results reveal a novel NPM-ALK-controlled pro-oncogenic regulatory network and document an important role of HES and TXNIP in the NPM-ALK-driven oncogenesis, with the former protein displaying oncogenic and the latter tumor suppressor properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Zhang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Hong Y Wang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Anindita Nayak
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Selene Nunez-Cruz
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Artur Slupianek
- Department of Pathology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Xiaobin Liu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Johnvesly Basappa
- Department of Pathology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Jing-Song Fan
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Seble Chekol
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Reza Nejati
- Department of Pathology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Agata M Bogusz
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Suzanne D Turner
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | | | - Mariusz A Wasik
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Department of Pathology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
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Matsuyama H, Suzuki HI. Systems and Synthetic microRNA Biology: From Biogenesis to Disease Pathogenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 21:E132. [PMID: 31878193 PMCID: PMC6981965 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21010132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Revised: 12/15/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are approximately 22-nucleotide-long, small non-coding RNAs that post-transcriptionally regulate gene expression. The biogenesis of miRNAs involves multiple steps, including the transcription of primary miRNAs (pri-miRNAs), nuclear Drosha-mediated processing, cytoplasmic Dicer-mediated processing, and loading onto Argonaute (Ago) proteins. Further, miRNAs control diverse biological and pathological processes via the silencing of target mRNAs. This review summarizes recent findings regarding the quantitative aspects of miRNA homeostasis, including Drosha-mediated pri-miRNA processing, Ago-mediated asymmetric miRNA strand selection, and modifications of miRNA pathway components, as well as the roles of RNA modifications (epitranscriptomics), epigenetics, transcription factor circuits, and super-enhancers in miRNA regulation. These recent advances have facilitated a system-level understanding of miRNA networks, as well as the improvement of RNAi performance for both gene-specific targeting and genome-wide screening. The comprehensive understanding and modeling of miRNA biogenesis and function have been applied to the design of synthetic gene circuits. In addition, the relationships between miRNA genes and super-enhancers provide the molecular basis for the highly biased cell type-specific expression patterns of miRNAs and the evolution of miRNA-target connections, while highlighting the importance of alterations of super-enhancer-associated miRNAs in a variety of human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hironori Matsuyama
- Fujii Memorial Research Institute, Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 1-11-1 Karasaki, Otsu-shi, Shiga 520-0106, Japan;
| | - Hiroshi I. Suzuki
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
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7
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Amatore F, Gorvel L, Olive D. Role of Inducible Co-Stimulator (ICOS) in cancer immunotherapy. Expert Opin Biol Ther 2019; 20:141-150. [PMID: 31738626 DOI: 10.1080/14712598.2020.1693540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Introduction: The promotion of antitumor response by targeting co-stimulatory B7 superfamily members has become evident to create a new wave of cancer immunotherapy. Inducible Co-Stimulator (ICOS), which is expressed on activated T cells, gained interest in the translational medicine community.Areas covered: We performed an extensive literature review using the keywords 'ICOS' and 'cancer', and the Clinicaltrials.gov database for early phase clinical trials targeting ICOS. In this review, we highlight the dual role of ICOS in oncogenesis in different malignancies. We summarize the current state of knowledge about ICOS/ICOSL pathway targeting by immunotherapies.Expert opinion: Due to its multifaceted link with anti-tumor immunity, both antagonist and agonist antibodies might be of interest to target the ICOS/ICOSL pathway for tumor treatment. Indeed, ICOS activation might potentiate the effect of an inhibitory checkpoint blockade, while its neutralization could decrease the function of immunosuppressive Tregs and inhibit lymphoid tumor cells expressing Tfh markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florent Amatore
- Centre de recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, INSERM U1068, CNRS U7258, Aix Marseille Université, Institut Paoli - Calmettes, Marseille, France
| | - Laurent Gorvel
- Centre de recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, INSERM U1068, CNRS U7258, Aix Marseille Université, Institut Paoli - Calmettes, Marseille, France
| | - Daniel Olive
- Centre de recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, INSERM U1068, CNRS U7258, Aix Marseille Université, Institut Paoli - Calmettes, Marseille, France
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8
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Murga-Zamalloa C, Rolland DCM, Polk A, Wolfe A, Dewar H, Chowdhury P, Onder O, Dewar R, Brown NA, Bailey NG, Inamdar K, Lim MS, Elenitoba-Johnson KSJ, Wilcox RA. Colony-Stimulating Factor 1 Receptor (CSF1R) Activates AKT/mTOR Signaling and Promotes T-Cell Lymphoma Viability. Clin Cancer Res 2019; 26:690-703. [PMID: 31636099 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-19-1486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2019] [Revised: 08/19/2019] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Peripheral T-cell lymphomas are clinically aggressive and usually fatal, as few complete or durable remissions are achieved with currently available therapies. Recent evidence supports a critical role for lymphoma-associated macrophages during T-cell lymphoma progression, but the specific signals involved in the cross-talk between malignant T cells and their microenvironment are poorly understood. Colony-stimulator factor 1 receptor (CSF1R, CD115) is required for the homeostatic survival of tissue-resident macrophages. Interestingly, its aberrant expression has been reported in a subset of tumors. In this article, we evaluated its expression and oncogenic role in T-cell lymphomas. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Loss-of-function studies, including pharmacologic inhibition with a clinically available tyrosine kinase inhibitor, pexidartinib, were performed in multiple in vitro and in vivo models. In addition, proteomic and genomic screenings were performed to discover signaling pathways that are activated downstream of CSF1R signaling. RESULTS We observed that CSF1R is aberrantly expressed in many T-cell lymphomas, including a significant number of peripheral and cutaneous T-cell lymphomas. Colony-stimulating factor 1 (CSF1), in an autocrine or paracrine-dependent manner, leads to CSF1R autophosphorylation and activation in malignant T cells. Furthermore, CSF1R signaling was associated with significant changes in gene expression and in the phosphoproteome, implicating PI3K/AKT/mTOR in CSF1R-mediated T-cell lymphoma growth. We also demonstrated that inhibition of CSF1R in vivo and in vitro models is associated with decreased T-cell lymphoma growth. CONCLUSIONS Collectively, these findings implicate CSF1R in T-cell lymphomagenesis and have significant therapeutic implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Murga-Zamalloa
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan. .,Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Delphine C M Rolland
- Department of Laboratory Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Avery Polk
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Ashley Wolfe
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Hiran Dewar
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Pinki Chowdhury
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Ozlem Onder
- Department of Laboratory Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Rajan Dewar
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Noah A Brown
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Nathanael G Bailey
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Kedar Inamdar
- Department of Pathology, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Megan S Lim
- Department of Laboratory Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | | | - Ryan A Wilcox
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan.
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9
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Amatore F, Gorvel L, Olive D. Inducible Co-Stimulator (ICOS) as a potential therapeutic target for anti-cancer therapy. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2018; 22:343-351. [PMID: 29468927 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2018.1444753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The recent success of checkpoint-inhibitors in cancer treatment paved the way for the development of new strategies of agonist and antagonist agents against B7 superfamily members. Inducible Co-Stimulator (ICOS), a co-stimulatory receptor for T-cell enhancement, arouses interest. Areas covered: We performed an extensive literature search with PUBMED using the keywords 'ICOS' and 'cancer' to discuss its involvement in oncogenesis, its expression in different malignancies, and its targeting in relevant preclinical studies. We also searched the Clinicaltrials.gov database for recent updates on early phase clinical trials. Expert opinion: ICOS/ICOSL axis has a dual effect and might participate in anti-tumour T cell response as well as a pro-tumour response due to its connection with regulatory T-cells (Tregs) suppressive activity. Therefore, both antagonist and agonist antibodies might be of interest in the targeting ICOS/ICOSL pathway for cancer treatment. In preclinical studies, ICOS agonist monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) have shown to potentiate the effect of inhibitory checkpoint blockade. In contrast, antagonistic anti-ICOS mAbs could not only inhibit lymphoid tumour cells expressing ICOS, but also dampen immunosuppressive Tregs. Two agonist and one antagonist mAbs are evaluated in phase I/II trials. Efficacy, safety, and combination strategies with anti-ICOS agonist or antagonist have yet to be specified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florent Amatore
- a Centre de recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, INSERM U1068, CNRS U7258 , Aix Marseille Université, Institut Paoli - Calmettes , Marseille , France
| | - Laurent Gorvel
- a Centre de recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, INSERM U1068, CNRS U7258 , Aix Marseille Université, Institut Paoli - Calmettes , Marseille , France
| | - Daniel Olive
- a Centre de recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, INSERM U1068, CNRS U7258 , Aix Marseille Université, Institut Paoli - Calmettes , Marseille , France
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10
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Hoareau-Aveilla C, Meggetto F. Crosstalk between microRNA and DNA Methylation Offers Potential Biomarkers and Targeted Therapies in ALK-Positive Lymphomas. Cancers (Basel) 2017; 9:cancers9080100. [PMID: 28771164 PMCID: PMC5575603 DOI: 10.3390/cancers9080100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2017] [Revised: 07/04/2017] [Accepted: 07/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The discovery of microRNA (miRNA) has provided new and powerful tools for studying the mechanism, diagnosis and treatment of human cancers. The down-regulation of tumor suppressive miRNA by hypermethylation of CpG island (CpG is shorthand for 5′-C-phosphate-G-3′, that is, cytosine and guanine separated by only one phosphate) is emerging as a common hallmark of cancer and appears to be involved in drug resistance. This review discusses the role of miRNA and DNA methylation in drug resistance mechanisms and highlights their potential as anti-cancer therapies in Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase (ALK)-positive lymphomas. These are a sub-type of non-Hodgkin’s lymphomas that predominantly affect children and young adults and are characterized by the expression of the nucleophosmin (NPM)/ALK chimeric oncoprotein. Dysregulation of miRNA expression and regulation has been shown to affect several signaling pathways in ALK carcinogenesis and control tumor growth, both in cell lines and mouse models. These data suggest that the modulation of DNA methylation and/or the expression of these miRNA could serve as new biomarkers and have potential therapeutic applications for ALK-positive malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Coralie Hoareau-Aveilla
- Inserm, UMR1037 CRCT, F-31000 Toulouse, France.
- Université Toulouse III-Paul Sabatier, UMR1037 CRCT, F-31000 Toulouse, France.
- CNRS, ERL5294 CRCT, F-31000 Toulouse, France.
- Laboratoire d'Excellence Toulouse Cancer-TOUCAN, F-31024 Toulouse, France.
| | - Fabienne Meggetto
- Inserm, UMR1037 CRCT, F-31000 Toulouse, France.
- Université Toulouse III-Paul Sabatier, UMR1037 CRCT, F-31000 Toulouse, France.
- CNRS, ERL5294 CRCT, F-31000 Toulouse, France.
- Laboratoire d'Excellence Toulouse Cancer-TOUCAN, F-31024 Toulouse, France.
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11
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Nucleophosmin-anaplastic lymphoma kinase: the ultimate oncogene and therapeutic target. Blood 2016; 129:823-831. [PMID: 27879258 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2016-05-717793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2016] [Accepted: 11/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) is a receptor tyrosine kinase physiologically expressed by fetal neural cells. However, aberrantly expressed ALK is involved in the pathogenesis of diverse malignancies, including distinct types of lymphoma, lung carcinoma, and neuroblastoma. The aberrant ALK expression in nonneural cells results from chromosomal translocations that create novel fusion proteins. These protein hybrids compose the proximal part of a partner gene, including its promoter region, and the distal part of ALK, including the coding sequence for the entire kinase domain. ALK was first identified in a subset of T-cell lymphomas with anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) morphology (ALK+ ALCL), the vast majority of which harbor the well-characterized nucleophosmin (NPM)-ALK fusion protein. NPM-ALK co-opts several intracellular signal transduction pathways, foremost being the STAT3 pathway, normally activated by cytokines from the interleukin-2 (IL-2) family to promote cell proliferation and to inhibit apoptosis. Many genes and proteins modulated by NPM-ALK are also involved in evasion of antitumor immune response, protection from hypoxia, angiogenesis, DNA repair, cell migration and invasiveness, and cell metabolism. In addition, NPM-ALK uses epigenetic silencing mechanisms to downregulate tumor suppressor genes to maintain its own expression. Importantly, NPM-ALK is capable of transforming primary human CD4+ T cells into immortalized cell lines indistinguishable from patient-derived ALK+ ALCL. Preliminary clinical studies indicate that inhibition of NPM-ALK induces long-lasting complete remissions in a large subset of heavily pretreated adult patients and the vast majority of children with high-stage ALK+ ALCL. Combining ALK inhibition with other novel therapeutic modalities should prove even more effective.
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12
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Leconte J, Bagherzadeh Yazdchi S, Panneton V, Suh WK. Inducible costimulator (ICOS) potentiates TCR-induced calcium flux by augmenting PLCγ1 activation and actin remodeling. Mol Immunol 2016; 79:38-46. [PMID: 27693916 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2016.09.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2016] [Revised: 09/12/2016] [Accepted: 09/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The inducible costimulator (ICOS) is a T cell costimulatory receptor that plays crucial roles in T cell differentiation and function. So far, ICOS has been shown to activate three signaling components: phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K), intracellular calcium mobilization, and TANK binding kinase 1 (TBK1). By generating a knock-in strain of mice in which the ICOS gene is modified such that the ICOS-mediated PI3K pathway is selectively abrogated while the capacity of ICOS to mobilize intracellular calcium remains intact, we have shown that ICOS-mediated PI3K activation is required for some but not all T cell responses. This suggests that the ICOS-calcium signaling axis may explain some of the PI3K-independent ICOS functions. Further, a recent in vivo imaging study indicated that ICOS-dependent intracellular calcium flux facilitates cognate T cell-B cell interactions within the germinal center. However, how ICOS promotes TCR-mediated calcium flux has not been clear. Here we identified a membrane proximal motif in the cytoplasmic tail of ICOS that is essential for ICOS-assisted calcium signaling and demonstrate that ICOS can induce calcium flux independently of other signaling motifs. We also provide evidence that ICOS potentiates phospholipase Cγ1 (PLCγ1) activation to enhance calcium release from the intracellular pool. In parallel, acute ligation of ICOS without TCR co-engagement leads to activation of small GTPases, RhoA and Cdc42, consistent with the capacity of ICOS to induce actin remodeling. Importantly, interruption of actin dynamics during acute TCR or TCR-ICOS co-ligation severely impairs calcium flux in T cells even in the presence of activated PLCγ1. Thus, ICOS potentiates TCR-induced calcium flux by enhancing PLCγ1 activation and actin remodeling in a coordinated manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Leconte
- Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Montreal, QC H2W 1R7, Canada; Department of Microbiology, Infectiology, and Immunology, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Sahar Bagherzadeh Yazdchi
- Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Montreal, QC H2W 1R7, Canada; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Vincent Panneton
- Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Montreal, QC H2W 1R7, Canada; Department of Microbiology, Infectiology, and Immunology, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Woong-Kyung Suh
- Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Montreal, QC H2W 1R7, Canada; Department of Microbiology, Infectiology, and Immunology, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada; Department of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada.
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13
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Ruella M, Kenderian SS, Shestova O, Fraietta JA, Qayyum S, Zhang Q, Maus MV, Liu X, Nunez-Cruz S, Klichinsky M, Kawalekar OU, Milone M, Lacey SF, Mato A, Schuster SJ, Kalos M, June CH, Gill S, Wasik MA. The Addition of the BTK Inhibitor Ibrutinib to Anti-CD19 Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cells (CART19) Improves Responses against Mantle Cell Lymphoma. Clin Cancer Res 2016; 22:2684-96. [PMID: 26819453 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-15-1527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2015] [Accepted: 01/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Responses to therapy with chimeric antigen receptor T cells recognizing CD19 (CART19, CTL019) may vary by histology. Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) represents a B-cell malignancy that remains incurable despite novel therapies such as the BTK inhibitor ibrutinib, and where data from CTL019 therapy are scant. Using MCL as a model, we sought to build upon the outcomes from CTL019 and from ibrutinib therapy by combining these in a rational manner. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN MCL cell lines and primary MCL samples were combined with autologous or normal donor-derived anti-CD19 CAR T cells along with ibrutinib. The effect of the combination was studied in vitro and in mouse xenograft models. RESULTS MCL cells strongly activated multiple CTL019 effector functions, and MCL killing by CTL019 was further enhanced in the presence of ibrutinib. In a xenograft MCL model, we showed superior disease control in the CTL019- as compared with ibrutinib-treated mice (median survival not reached vs. 95 days, P < 0.005) but most mice receiving CTL019 monotherapy eventually relapsed. Therefore, we added ibrutinib to CTL019 and showed that 80% to 100% of mice in the CTL019 + ibrutinib arm and 0% to 20% of mice in the CTL019 arm, respectively, remained in long-term remission (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Combining CTL019 with ibrutinib represents a rational way to incorporate two of the most recent therapies in MCL. Our findings pave the way to a two-pronged therapeutic strategy in patients with MCL and other types of B-cell lymphoma. Clin Cancer Res; 22(11); 2684-96. ©2016 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Ruella
- Center for Cellular Immunotherapies, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Saad S Kenderian
- Center for Cellular Immunotherapies, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Olga Shestova
- Center for Cellular Immunotherapies, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Joseph A Fraietta
- Center for Cellular Immunotherapies, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Sohail Qayyum
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Qian Zhang
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Marcela V Maus
- Center for Cellular Immunotherapies, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Xiaobin Liu
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Selene Nunez-Cruz
- Center for Cellular Immunotherapies, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Michael Klichinsky
- Center for Cellular Immunotherapies, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Omkar U Kawalekar
- Center for Cellular Immunotherapies, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Michael Milone
- Center for Cellular Immunotherapies, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Simon F Lacey
- Center for Cellular Immunotherapies, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Anthony Mato
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Stephen J Schuster
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Michael Kalos
- Center for Cellular Immunotherapies, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Carl H June
- Center for Cellular Immunotherapies, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Saar Gill
- Center for Cellular Immunotherapies, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
| | - Mariusz A Wasik
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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14
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Wilcox RA. A three-signal model of T-cell lymphoma pathogenesis. Am J Hematol 2016; 91:113-22. [PMID: 26408334 DOI: 10.1002/ajh.24203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2015] [Revised: 08/24/2015] [Accepted: 09/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
T-cell lymphoma pathogenesis and classification have, until recently, remained enigmatic. Recently performed whole-exome sequencing and gene-expression profiling studies have significant implications for their classification and treatment. Recurrent genetic modifications in antigen ("signal 1"), costimulatory ("signal 2"), or cytokine receptors ("signal 3"), and the tyrosine kinases and other signaling proteins they activate, have emerged as important therapeutic targets in these lymphomas. Many of these genetic modifications do not function in a cell-autonomous manner, but require the provision of ligand(s) by constituents of the tumor microenvironment, further supporting the long-appreciated view that these lymphomas are dependent upon and driven by their microenvironment. Therefore, the seemingly disparate fields of genomics and immunology are converging. A unifying "3 signal model" for T-cell lymphoma pathogenesis that integrates these findings will be presented, and its therapeutic implications briefly reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan A. Wilcox
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology; University of Michigan; Ann Arbor Michigan
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Abstract
Anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) comprises a group of T-cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas unified by common morphologic and immunophenotypic characteristics, but with a spectrum of clinical presentations and behaviors. Early identification of anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) gene rearrangements in some ALCLs led to recognition of ALK as an important diagnostic and prognostic biomarker, and a key driver of ALCL pathobiology. Rearrangements and other genetic abnormalities of ALK subsequently were identified in diverse other human malignancies. Recent clinical, pathologic, and genetic data have begun to shed light on ALK-negative ALCLs, revealing significant heterogeneity within this more ill-defined entity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zeng
- a Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology , Mayo Clinic , Rochester , MN , USA.,b Department of Pathology , Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine , Shanghai , China
| | - Andrew L Feldman
- a Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology , Mayo Clinic , Rochester , MN , USA
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16
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Zhang W, Dong F, Ke X. [The research progress of costimulatory molecule B7 family in hematological malignancy]. ZHONGHUA XUE YE XUE ZA ZHI = ZHONGHUA XUEYEXUE ZAZHI 2015; 36:626-30. [PMID: 26304094 PMCID: PMC7342630 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-2727.2015.07.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Fei Dong
- Department of Hematology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xiaoyan Ke
- Department of Hematology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
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Ikeda S, Tagawa H. Dysregulation of microRNAs and their association in the pathogenesis of T-cell lymphoma/leukemias. Int J Hematol 2014; 99:542-52. [PMID: 24567260 DOI: 10.1007/s12185-014-1535-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2013] [Revised: 01/19/2014] [Accepted: 02/04/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are non-coding regulatory RNAs consisting of 20-24 nucleotides. Over 4,500 miRNAs have been identified in humans, and it is known that nearly all human protein-encoding genes can be controlled by miRNAs in both healthy and malignant cells. Abnormal miRNA expression is known to occur in many cancers, including in malignant lymphomas (MLs). Detailed genome-wide miRNA expression analysis has been performed in various ML subtypes, and these analyses have led to the discovery of subtype-specific miRNA alterations. Actually, in B-cell lymphomas, several miRNAs have been used as prognostic markers, and their targets are for new agents for ML therapy. Successful studies for delineating miRNA functions in B-cell lymphomas lead us to hypothesize that miRNA dysregulation may also be deeply associated with the pathogenesis of T-cell lymphomas. Indeed, studies for delineating essential miRNAs have been conduced against comparatively well-defined T-cell lymphoma entities. In this review, we describe several key miRNAs and their targets in distinct T-cell lymphoma subsets and their roles in their pathogenesis, studies of which will lead to new therapeutic strategies against T-cell lymphomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sho Ikeda
- Department of Hematology, Nephrology, and Rheumatology, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Hondo, Akita, 0108543, Japan
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18
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Zhang Q, Wang HY, Wei F, Liu X, Paterson JC, Roy D, Mihova D, Woetmann A, Ptasznik A, Odum N, Schuster SJ, Marafioti T, Riley JL, Wasik MA. Cutaneous T cell lymphoma expresses immunosuppressive CD80 (B7-1) cell surface protein in a STAT5-dependent manner. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2014; 192:2913-9. [PMID: 24523507 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1302951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
In this article, we report that cutaneous T cell lymphoma (CTCL) cells and tissues ubiquitously express the immunosuppressive cell surface protein CD80 (B7-1). CD80 expression in CTCL cells is strictly dependent on the expression of both members of the STAT5 family, STAT5a and STAT5b, as well as their joint ability to transcriptionally activate the CD80 gene. In IL-2-dependent CTCL cells, CD80 expression is induced by the cytokine in a Jak1/3- and STAT5a/b-dependent manner, whereas in the CTCL cells with constitutive STAT5 activation, CD80 expression is also STAT5a/b dependent but is independent of Jak activity. Although depletion of CD80 expression does not affect the proliferation rate and viability of CTCL cells, induced expression of the cell-inhibitory receptor of CD80, CD152 (CTLA-4), impairs growth of the cells. Coculture of CTCL cells with normal T lymphocytes consisting of both CD4(+) and CD8(+) populations or the CD4(+) subset alone, transfected with CD152 mRNA, inhibits proliferation of normal T cells in a CD152- and CD80-dependent manner. These data identify a new mechanism of immune evasion in CTCL and suggest that the CD80-CD152 axis may become a therapeutic target in this type of lymphoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Zhang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
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19
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Beyond NPM-anaplastic lymphoma kinase driven lymphomagenesis: alternative drivers in anaplastic large cell lymphoma. Curr Opin Hematol 2013; 20:374-81. [PMID: 23673339 PMCID: PMC4121055 DOI: 10.1097/moh.0b013e3283623c07] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Anaplastic large cell lymphomas (ALCLs) are rare entities whose somatic genetic lesions have been identified only in a subset of patients. Thus, an integrated and massive discovery programme is required to define their tumourigenic alterations and to design more successful tailored therapies. RECENT FINDINGS The discovery of anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) fusions has provided the basis for the characterization of distinct subsets among ALCL patients. Although the oncogenic addiction of ALK signalling is proven, the tumorigenic contribution of coactivating lesions is still missing. As ALK- and ALK+ share common signatures, it is plausible that analogous mechanisms of transformation may be operating in both subsets, as confirmed by the dysregulated activation of c-MYC, RAS and NFκB, and the loss of Blimp-1 and p53/p63 axis. Nonetheless, recurrent genetic alterations for ALK- ALCL or refractory leukaemic ALK+ ALCL are lacking. Moreover, although conventional chemotherapies (anthracycline-based) are most successful, that is in ALK+ ALCL patients, the implementation of ALK inhibitors or of anti-CD30 based treatments provides innovative solutions, particularly in paediatric ALK+ ALCL and in chemorefractory/relapsed patients. SUMMARY The complete portrayal of the landscape of genetic alterations in ALCL will dictate the development of innovative chemotherapeutic and targeted therapies that will fit most with the molecular and clinical profiling of individual patients.
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Ysebrant de Lendonck L, Eddahri F, Delmarcelle Y, Nguyen M, Leo O, Goriely S, Marchant A. STAT3 signaling induces the differentiation of human ICOS(+) CD4 T cells helping B lymphocytes. PLoS One 2013; 8:e71029. [PMID: 23923047 PMCID: PMC3724802 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0071029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2012] [Accepted: 06/29/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The generation of high-affinity antibodies and the development of B cell memory are dependent on the help provided by CD4 T cells. Mouse studies indicate that STAT3 signaling in CD4 T cells promotes the acquisition of the B cell help function. However, the role of STAT3 in humans has been controversial. In this study, we show that IL-6 and other STAT3 activating cytokines (IL-21 and IL-27) induce the differentiation of CD4 T cells promoting antibody production by B cells. The acquisition of B cell stimulating properties by naive cord blood CD4 T cells required the STAT3-dependent expression of ICOS and IL-21. Gene reporter and ChIP experiments unambiguously demonstrated that upon IL-6 stimulation, STAT3 induces the transcription of the ICOS gene through direct recruitment to the proximal promoter region indicating that STAT3 acts in part through the direct activation of the ICOS gene.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Muriel Nguyen
- Institute for Medical Immunology (IMI), Université Libre de Bruxelles, Charleroi, Belgium
| | - Oberdan Leo
- Institute for Medical Immunology (IMI), Université Libre de Bruxelles, Charleroi, Belgium
| | - Stanislas Goriely
- Institute for Medical Immunology (IMI), Université Libre de Bruxelles, Charleroi, Belgium
- * E-mail: (AM); (SG)
| | - Arnaud Marchant
- Institute for Medical Immunology (IMI), Université Libre de Bruxelles, Charleroi, Belgium
- ImmuneHealth, Charleroi, Belgium
- * E-mail: (AM); (SG)
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Rao SAM, Arimappamagan A, Pandey P, Santosh V, Hegde AS, Chandramouli BA, Somasundaram K. miR-219-5p inhibits receptor tyrosine kinase pathway by targeting EGFR in glioblastoma. PLoS One 2013; 8:e63164. [PMID: 23690991 PMCID: PMC3656853 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0063164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2013] [Accepted: 03/28/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma is one of the common types of primary brain tumors with a median survival of 12–15 months. The receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) pathway is known to be deregulated in 88% of the patients with glioblastoma. 45% of GBM patients show amplifications and activating mutations in EGFR gene leading to the upregulation of the pathway. In the present study, we demonstrate that a brain specific miRNA, miR-219-5p, repressed EGFR by directly binding to its 3′-UTR. The expression of miR-219-5p was downregulated in glioblastoma and the overexpression of miR-219-5p in glioma cell lines inhibited the proliferation, anchorage independent growth and migration. In addition, miR-219-5p inhibited MAPK and PI3K pathways in glioma cell lines in concordance with its ability to target EGFR. The inhibitory effect of miR-219-5p on MAPK and PI3K pathways and glioma cell migration could be rescued by the overexpression of wild type EGFR and vIII mutant of EGFR (both lacking 3′-UTR and thus being insensitive to miR-219-5p) suggesting that the inhibitory effects of miR-219-5p were indeed because of its ability to target EGFR. We also found significant negative correlation between miR-219-5p levels and total as well as phosphorylated forms of EGFR in glioblastoma patient samples. This indicated that the downregulation of miR-219-5p in glioblastoma patients contribute to the increased activity of the RTK pathway by the upregulation of EGFR. Thus, we have identified and characterized miR-219-5p as the RTK regulating novel tumor suppressor miRNA in glioblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Arivazhagan Arimappamagan
- Department of Neurosurgery, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Paritosh Pandey
- Department of Neurosurgery, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Vani Santosh
- Department of Neuropathology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | | | | | - Kumaravel Somasundaram
- Microbiology and Cell Biology, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
- * E-mail:
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22
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Lai R, Ingham RJ. The pathobiology of the oncogenic tyrosine kinase NPM-ALK: a brief update. Ther Adv Hematol 2013; 4:119-31. [PMID: 23610619 DOI: 10.1177/2040620712471553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Extensive research has been carried out in the past two decades to study the pathobiology of nucleophosmin-anaplastic lymphoma kinase (NPM-ALK), which is an oncogenic fusion protein found exclusively in a specific type of T-cell lymphoid malignancy, namely ALK-positive anaplastic large cell lymphoma. Results from these studies have provided highly useful insights into the mechanisms by which a constitutively tyrosine kinase, such as NPM-ALK, promotes tumorigenesis. Several previous publications have comprehensively summarized the advances in this field. In this review, we provide readers with a brief update on specific areas of NPM-ALK pathobiology. In the first part, the NPM-ALK/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) signaling axis is discussed, with an emphasis on the existence of multiple biochemical defects that have been shown to amplify the oncogenic effects of this signaling axis. Specifically, findings regarding JAK3, SHP1 and the stimulatory effects of several cytokines including interleukin (IL)-9, IL-21 and IL-22 are summarized. New concepts stemming from recent observations regarding the functional interactions among the NPM-ALK/STAT3 axis, β catenin and glycogen synthase kinase 3β will be postulated. Lastly, new mechanisms by which the NPM-ALK/STAT3 axis promotes tumorigenesis, such as its modulations of Twist1, hypoxia-induced factor 1α, CD274, will be described. In the second part, we summarize recent data generated by mass spectrometry studies of NPM-ALK, and use MSH2 and heat shock proteins as examples to illustrate the use of mass spectrometry data in stimulating new research in this field. In the third part, the evolving field of microRNA in the context of NPM-ALK biology is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raymond Lai
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Cross Cancer Institute and University of Alberta, Rm 2338, Cross Cancer Institute, 11560 University Avenue, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 1Z2
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23
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Greaves P, Gribben JG. The role of B7 family molecules in hematologic malignancy. Blood 2013; 121:734-44. [PMID: 23223433 PMCID: PMC3563361 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2012-10-385591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2012] [Accepted: 11/19/2012] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The B7 family consists of structurally related, cell-surface proteins that regulate immune responses by delivering costimulatory or coinhibitory signals through their ligands. Eight family members have been identified to date including CD80 (B7-1), CD86 (B7-2), CD274 (programmed cell death-1 ligand [PD-L1]), CD273 (programmed cell death-2 ligand [PD-L2]), CD275 (inducible costimulator ligand [ICOS-L]), CD276 (B7-H3), B7-H4, and B7-H6. B7 ligands are expressed on both lymphoid and nonlymphoid tissues. The importance of the B7 family in regulating immune responses is clear from their demonstrated role in the development of immunodeficiency and autoimmune diseases. Manipulation of the signals delivered by B7 ligands shows great potential in the treatment of cancers including leukemias and lymphomas and in regulating allogeneic T-cell responses after stem cell transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Greaves
- Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
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24
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Pileri SA, Piccaluga PP. New molecular insights into peripheral T cell lymphomas. J Clin Invest 2012; 122:3448-55. [PMID: 23023716 PMCID: PMC3461903 DOI: 10.1172/jci61205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Peripheral T cell lymphomas (PTCLs) are heterogeneous neoplasms and represent about 12% of all lymphoid malignancies. They are often regarded as "orphan diseases," a designation that does not reflect their real incidence but rather signifies the difficulties encountered in their classification, diagnosis, and treatment. Here we revise the current understanding of the pathobiological characteristics of the most common nodal PTCLs by focusing on the contribution given by high-throughput technologies and the identification of potential therapeutic targets proposed by translational studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano A Pileri
- Hematopathology Section, Department of Hematology and Oncology L. and A. Seràgnoli, S. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
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25
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NPM-ALK: The Prototypic Member of a Family of Oncogenic Fusion Tyrosine Kinases. JOURNAL OF SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION 2012; 2012:123253. [PMID: 22852078 PMCID: PMC3407651 DOI: 10.1155/2012/123253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2012] [Accepted: 04/28/2012] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) was first identified in 1994 with the discovery that the gene encoding for this kinase was involved in the t(2;5)(p23;q35) chromosomal translocation observed in a subset of anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL). The NPM-ALK fusion protein generated by this translocation is a constitutively active tyrosine kinase, and much research has focused on characterizing the signalling pathways and cellular activities this oncoprotein regulates in ALCL. We now know about the existence of nearly 20 distinct ALK translocation partners, and the fusion proteins resulting from these translocations play a critical role in the pathogenesis of a variety of cancers including subsets of large B-cell lymphomas, nonsmall cell lung carcinomas, and inflammatory myofibroblastic tumours. Moreover, the inhibition of ALK has been shown to be an effective treatment strategy in some of these malignancies. In this paper we will highlight malignancies where ALK translocations have been identified and discuss why ALK fusion proteins are constitutively active tyrosine kinases. Finally, using ALCL as an example, we will examine three key signalling pathways activated by NPM-ALK that contribute to proliferation and survival in ALCL.
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S1PR1 is an effective target to block STAT3 signaling in activated B cell-like diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Blood 2012; 120:1458-65. [PMID: 22745305 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2011-12-399030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
STAT3 plays a crucial role in promoting progression of human cancers, including several types of B-cell lymphoma. However, as a transcription factor lacking its own enzymatic activity, STAT3 remains difficult to target with small-molecule drugs in the clinic. Here we demonstrate that persistent activated STAT3 colocalizes with elevated expression of S1PR1, a G-protein-coupled receptor for sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), in the tumor cells of the activated B cell-like subtype of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma patient specimens. Inhibition of S1PR1 expression by shRNA in the lymphoma cells validates that blocking S1PR1 affects expression of STAT3 downstream genes critically involved in tumor cell survival, proliferation, tumor invasion, and/or immunosuppression. Using S1PR1 shRNA, or FTY720, an antagonist of S1P that is in the clinic for other indications, we show that inhibiting S1PR1 expression down-regulates STAT3 activity and causes growth inhibition of the lymphoma tumor cells in vitro and in vivo. Our results suggest that targeting S1P/S1PR1 using a clinically relevant and available drug or other approaches is potentially an effective new therapeutic modality for treating the activated B cell-like subtype of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, a subset of lymphoma that is less responsive to current available therapies.
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Wilcox RA, Ansell SM, Lim MS, Zou W, Chen L. The B7 homologues and their receptors in hematologic malignancies. Eur J Haematol 2012; 88:465-75. [PMID: 22372959 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0609.2012.01766.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The B7 homologues and their receptors regulate both peripheral tolerance and adaptive immunity. This field is rapidly evolving as new ligands and receptors are being identified. Much of the work supporting their role in the regulation of host anti-tumor immunity has been derived from experimental models and clinical trials in solid malignancies. However, a growing body of evidence demonstrates that the B7-H family has important immunologic and non-immunologic functions in a variety of hematologic malignancies. Herein, we will review recent evidence that supports the therapeutic targeting of the B7 homologues in hematologic malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan A Wilcox
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-5948, USA.
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