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Liu Y, Weng L, Wang Y, Zhang J, Wu Q, Zhao P, Shi Y, Wang P, Fang L. Deciphering the role of CD47 in cancer immunotherapy. J Adv Res 2024; 63:129-158. [PMID: 39167629 PMCID: PMC11380025 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2023.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immunotherapy has emerged as a novel strategy for cancer treatment following surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy. Immune checkpoint blockade and Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell therapies have been successful in clinical trials. Cancer cells evade immune surveillance by hijacking inhibitory pathways via overexpression of checkpoint genes. The Cluster of Differentiation 47 (CD47) has emerged as a crucial checkpoint for cancer immunotherapy by working as a "don't eat me" signal and suppressing innate immune signaling. Furthermore, CD47 is highly expressed in many cancer types to protect cancer cells from phagocytosis via binding to SIRPα on phagocytes. Targeting CD47 by either interrupting the CD47-SIRPα axis or combing with other therapies has been demonstrated as an encouraging therapeutic strategy in cancer immunotherapy. Antibodies and small molecules that target CD47 have been explored in pre- and clinical trials. However, formidable challenges such as the anemia and palate aggregation cannot be avoided because of the wide presentation of CD47 on erythrocytes. AIM OF VIEW This review summarizes the current knowledge on the regulation and function of CD47, and provides a new perspective for immunotherapy targeting CD47. It also highlights the clinical progress of targeting CD47 and discusses challenges and potential strategies. KEY SCIENTIFIC CONCEPTS OF REVIEW This review provides a comprehensive understanding of targeting CD47 in cancer immunotherapy, it also augments the concept of combination immunotherapy strategies by employing both innate and adaptive immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu'e Liu
- Tongji University Cancer Center, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Linjun Weng
- Tongji University Cancer Center, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Yanjin Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jin Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Mississippi, Medical Center, 39216 Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Qi Wu
- Tongji University Cancer Center, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Pengcheng Zhao
- School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Shandong University of Technology, No.266 Xincun West Road, Zibo 255000, Shandong Province, China
| | - Yufeng Shi
- Tongji University Cancer Center, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; Clinical Center for Brain and Spinal Cord Research, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China.
| | - Ping Wang
- Tongji University Cancer Center, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China.
| | - Lan Fang
- Tongji University Cancer Center, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China.
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2
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Li Z, Han B, Qi M, Li Y, Duan Y, Yao Y. Modulating macrophage-mediated programmed cell removal: An attractive strategy for cancer therapy. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2024; 1879:189172. [PMID: 39151808 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2024.189172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 08/11/2024] [Accepted: 08/12/2024] [Indexed: 08/19/2024]
Abstract
Macrophage-mediated programmed cell removal (PrCR) is crucial for the identification and elimination of needless cells that maintain tissue homeostasis. The efficacy of PrCR depends on the balance between pro-phagocytic "eat me" signals and anti-phagocytic "don't eat me" signals. Recently, a growing number of studies have shown that tumourigenesis and progression are closely associated with PrCR. In the tumour microenvironment, PrCR activated by the "eat me" signal is counterbalanced by the "don't eat me" signal of CD47/SIRPα, resulting in tumour immune escape. Therefore, targeting exciting "eat me" signalling while simultaneously suppressing "don't eat me" signalling and eventually inducing macrophages to produce effective PrCR will be a very attractive antitumour strategy. Here, we comprehensively review the functions of PrCR-activating signal molecules (CRT, PS, Annexin1, SLAMF7) and PrCR-inhibiting signal molecules (CD47/SIRPα, MHC-I/LILRB1, CD24/Siglec-10, SLAMF3, SLAMF4, PD-1/PD-L1, CD31, GD2, VCAM1), the interactions between these molecules, and Warburg effect. In addition, we highlight the molecular regulatory mechanisms that affect immune system function by exciting or suppressing PrCR. Finally, we review the research advances in tumour therapy by activating PrCR and discuss the challenges and potential solutions to smooth the way for tumour treatment strategies that target PrCR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenzhen Li
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Pediatric Diseases, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450018, China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Bingqian Han
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Menghui Qi
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Yinchao Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Yongtao Duan
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Pediatric Diseases, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450018, China; Henan Neurodevelopment Engineering Research Center for Children, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450018, China.
| | - Yongfang Yao
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Pediatric Diseases, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450018, China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China; Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
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3
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Niu X, Wang C, Jiang H, Gao R, Lu Y, Guo X, Zhou H, Cui X, Sun J, Qiu Q, Sun D, Lu H. A pan-allelic human SIRPα-blocking antibody, ES004-B5, promotes tumor killing by enhancing macrophage phagocytosis and subsequently inducing an effective T-cell response. Antib Ther 2024; 7:266-280. [PMID: 39257438 PMCID: PMC11384143 DOI: 10.1093/abt/tbae022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2024] [Revised: 07/14/2024] [Accepted: 08/27/2024] [Indexed: 09/12/2024] Open
Abstract
As a major immune cell type in the tumor microenvironment, tumor-associated macrophages secrete suppressive factors that can inhibit antitumor immunity and promote tumor progression. One approach trying to utilize macrophages for immunotherapy has been to block the CD47-SIRPα axis, which mediates inhibitory signaling, to promote phagocytosis of tumor cells. Many CD47-targeted agents, namely, anti-CD47 antibodies and SIRPα fusion proteins, were associated with a diverse spectrum of toxicities that limit their use in clinical settings. Universal expression of CD47 also leads to a severe "antigen sink" effect of CD47-targeted agents. Given that the CD47 receptor, SIRPα, has a more restricted expression profile and may have CD47-independent functions, targeting SIRPα is considered to have distinct advantages in improving clinical efficacy with a better safety profile. We have developed ES004-B5, a potentially best-in-class pan-allelic human SIRPα-blocking antibody using hybridoma technology. ES004-B5 binds to major human SIRPα variants through a unique epitope with high affinity. By blocking CD47-induced inhibitory "don't-eat-me" signaling, ES004-B5 exerts superior antitumor activity in combination with anti-tumor-associated antigen antibodies in vitro and in vivo. Unlike CD47-targeted agents, ES004-B5 exhibits an excellent safety profile in nonhuman primates. ES004-B5 has potential to be an important backbone for SIRPα-based combination therapy and/or bispecific antibodies, which will likely overcome the limitations of CD47-targeted agents encountered in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofeng Niu
- Elpiscience Biopharma, BLDG. 3, 998 Halei RD, Pudong, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
| | - Chunnian Wang
- Elpiscience Biopharma, BLDG. 3, 998 Halei RD, Pudong, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
| | - Haixia Jiang
- Elpiscience Biopharma, BLDG. 3, 998 Halei RD, Pudong, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
| | - Rui Gao
- Elpiscience Biopharma, BLDG. 3, 998 Halei RD, Pudong, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
| | - Yefeng Lu
- Elpiscience Biopharma, BLDG. 3, 998 Halei RD, Pudong, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoli Guo
- Elpiscience Biopharma, BLDG. 3, 998 Halei RD, Pudong, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
| | - Hongping Zhou
- Elpiscience Biopharma, BLDG. 3, 998 Halei RD, Pudong, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
| | - Xue Cui
- Elpiscience Biopharma, BLDG. 3, 998 Halei RD, Pudong, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
| | - Jun Sun
- Elpiscience Biopharma, BLDG. 3, 998 Halei RD, Pudong, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
| | - Quan Qiu
- Elpiscience Biopharma, BLDG. 3, 998 Halei RD, Pudong, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
| | - Dawei Sun
- Elpiscience Biopharma, BLDG. 3, 998 Halei RD, Pudong, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
| | - Hongtao Lu
- Elpiscience Biopharma, BLDG. 3, 998 Halei RD, Pudong, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
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4
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Rakoczy K, Kaczor J, Sołtyk A, Szymańska N, Stecko J, Drąg-Zalesińska M, Kulbacka J. The Immune Response of Cancer Cells in Breast and Gynecologic Neoplasms. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6206. [PMID: 38892394 PMCID: PMC11172873 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25116206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2024] [Revised: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer diseases constitute a major health problem which leads to the death of millions of people annually. They are unique among other diseases because cancer cells can perfectly adapt to the environment that they create themselves. This environment is usually highly hostile and for normal cells it would be hugely difficult to survive, however neoplastic cells not only can survive but also manage to proliferate. One of the reasons is that they can alter immunological pathways which allow them to be flexible and change their phenotype to the one needed in specific conditions. The aim of this paper is to describe some of these immunological pathways that play significant roles in gynecologic neoplasms as well as review recent research in this field. It is of high importance to possess extensive knowledge about these processes, as greater understanding leads to creating more specialized therapies which may prove highly effective in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Rakoczy
- Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Pasteura 1, 50-367 Wroclaw, Poland; (K.R.); (J.K.); (A.S.); (N.S.); (J.S.)
| | - Justyna Kaczor
- Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Pasteura 1, 50-367 Wroclaw, Poland; (K.R.); (J.K.); (A.S.); (N.S.); (J.S.)
| | - Adam Sołtyk
- Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Pasteura 1, 50-367 Wroclaw, Poland; (K.R.); (J.K.); (A.S.); (N.S.); (J.S.)
| | - Natalia Szymańska
- Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Pasteura 1, 50-367 Wroclaw, Poland; (K.R.); (J.K.); (A.S.); (N.S.); (J.S.)
| | - Jakub Stecko
- Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Pasteura 1, 50-367 Wroclaw, Poland; (K.R.); (J.K.); (A.S.); (N.S.); (J.S.)
| | - Małgorzata Drąg-Zalesińska
- Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Division of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, T. Chalubińskiego 6a, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Julita Kulbacka
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211a, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland
- Department of Immunology and Bioelectrochemistry, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine Santariškių g. 5, LT-08406 Vilnius, Lithuania
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5
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Zhao K, Wu C, Li X, Niu M, Wu D, Cui X, Zhao H. From mechanism to therapy: the journey of CD24 in cancer. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1401528. [PMID: 38881902 PMCID: PMC11176514 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1401528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024] Open
Abstract
CD24 is a glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored protein that is expressed in a wide range of tissues and cell types. It is involved in a variety of physiological and pathological processes, including cell adhesion, migration, differentiation, and apoptosis. Additionally, CD24 has been studied extensively in the context of cancer, where it has been found to play a role in tumor growth, invasion, and metastasis. In recent years, there has been growing interest in CD24 as a potential therapeutic target for cancer treatment. This review summarizes the current knowledge of CD24, including its structure, function, and its role in cancer. Finally, we provide insights into potential clinical application of CD24 and discuss possible approaches for the development of targeted cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Caifeng Wu
- Department of Hand and Foot, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiangjun Li
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Mengchao Niu
- Department of Operation Room, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Dan Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiaofeng Cui
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Hai Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
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6
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Xu L, Wang X, Zhang T, Meng X, Zhao W, Pi C, Yang YG. Expression of a mutant CD47 protects against phagocytosis without inducing cell death or inhibiting angiogenesis. Cell Rep Med 2024; 5:101450. [PMID: 38508139 PMCID: PMC10983038 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2024.101450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
CD47 is a ligand of SIRPα, an inhibitory receptor expressed by macrophages, dendritic cells, and natural killer (NK) cells, and, therefore, transgenic overexpression of CD47 is considered an effective approach to inhibiting transplant rejection. However, the detrimental effect of CD47 signaling is overlooked when exploring this approach. Here, we construct a mutant CD47 by replacing the transmembrane and intracellular domains with a membrane anchor (CD47-IgV). In both human and mouse cells, CD47-IgV is efficiently expressed on the cell surface and protects against phagocytosis in vitro and in vivo but does not induce cell death or inhibit angiogenesis. Furthermore, hematopoietic stem cells expressing transgenic CD47-IgV show no detectable alterations in engraftment or differentiation. This study provides a potentially effective means of achieving transgenic CD47 expression that may help to produce gene-edited pigs for xenotransplantation and hypoimmunogenic pluripotent stem cells for regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Xu
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Immunology, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130062, China; National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Models for Human Disease, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130062, China
| | - Xiaodan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Immunology, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130062, China; National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Models for Human Disease, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130062, China
| | - Ting Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Immunology, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130062, China; National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Models for Human Disease, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130062, China
| | - Xiandi Meng
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Immunology, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130062, China; National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Models for Human Disease, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130062, China
| | - Wenjie Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Immunology, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130062, China; National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Models for Human Disease, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130062, China
| | - Chenchen Pi
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Immunology, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130062, China; National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Models for Human Disease, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130062, China
| | - Yong-Guang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Immunology, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130062, China; National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Models for Human Disease, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130062, China; International Center of Future Science, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130062, China.
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7
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Tanaka K, Miyoshi H, Kawamoto K, Shimasaki Y, Nakashima K, Imamoto T, Yamada K, Takeuchi M, Moritsubo M, Furuta T, Kohno K, Tamura S, Sonoki T, Ohshima K. Clinicopathological analysis of CD47 and signal regulatory protein alpha expression in myeloid sarcoma patients: CD47 expression is a favourable prognostic factor. Pathology 2024; 56:81-91. [PMID: 38110323 DOI: 10.1016/j.pathol.2023.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023]
Abstract
Myeloid sarcoma is a rare extramedullary haematopoietic malignancy. Interaction between CD47 and signal regulatory protein α (SIRPα) inhibits phagocytosis. CD47-positive tumours confer poor prognoses in various malignant tumours, including acute myeloid leukaemia. This study aimed to investigate the clinicopathological effects of CD47 and SIRPα expression in myeloid sarcoma. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) of CD47 and SIRPα was performed in 84 biopsy samples obtained from patients with myeloid sarcoma, some of which were CD47-positive. Patients were categorised into the following two groups based on IHC of SIRPα: those with SIRPα-positive neoplastic cells (nSIRPα) and, SIRPα expression on non-neoplastic stromal cells in tumour microenvironment (miSIRPα). In addition, patients with CD47 positivity had higher lymphocytic infiltration into the tumour microenvironment. Overall, these patients had significantly higher overall survival, however, no significant difference was observed in progression-free survival. No significant prognostic differences were observed between the nSIRPα and miSIRPα groups. This is the first study to demonstrate an association between CD47 expression and improved prognosis in myeloid sarcoma. Nonetheless, it will be necessary to conduct additional research on gene expression and genomic abnormalities to elucidate the corresponding pathogenesis of myeloid sarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ken Tanaka
- Department of Pathology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan; Department of Haematology/Oncology, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Miyoshi
- Department of Pathology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan.
| | - Keisuke Kawamoto
- Department of Pathology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Yasumasa Shimasaki
- Department of Pathology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Kazutaka Nakashima
- Department of Pathology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Teppei Imamoto
- Department of Pathology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Kyohei Yamada
- Department of Pathology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Mai Takeuchi
- Department of Pathology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Mayuko Moritsubo
- Department of Pathology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Takuya Furuta
- Department of Pathology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Kei Kohno
- Department of Pathology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Shinobu Tamura
- Department of Haematology/Oncology, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Takashi Sonoki
- Department of Haematology/Oncology, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Koichi Ohshima
- Department of Pathology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
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8
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Zhao P, Xie L, Yu L, Wang P. Targeting CD47-SIRPα axis for Hodgkin and non-Hodgkin lymphoma immunotherapy. Genes Dis 2024; 11:205-217. [PMID: 37588232 PMCID: PMC10425755 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2022.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The interaction between cluster of differentiation 47 (CD47) and signal regulatory protein α (SIRPα) protects healthy cells from macrophage attack, which is crucial for maintaining immune homeostasis. Overexpression of CD47 occurs widely across various tumor cell types and transmits the "don't eat me" signal to macrophages to avoid phagocytosis through binding to SIRPα. Blockade of the CD47-SIRPα axis is therefore a promising approach for cancer treatment. Lymphoma is the most common hematological malignancy and is an area of unmet clinical need. This review mainly described the current strategies targeting the CD47-SIRPα axis, including antibodies, SIRPα Fc fusion proteins, small molecule inhibitors, and peptides both in preclinical studies and clinical trials with Hodgkin lymphoma and non-Hodgkin lymphoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengcheng Zhao
- School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong 255000, China
| | - Longyan Xie
- Tongji University Cancer Center, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Lei Yu
- Tongji University Cancer Center, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Ping Wang
- School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong 255000, China
- Tongji University Cancer Center, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
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9
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Saito Y, Iida-Norita R, Afroj T, Refaat A, Hazama D, Komori S, Ohata S, Takai T, Oduori OS, Kotani T, Funakoshi Y, Koma YI, Murata Y, Yakushijin K, Matsuoka H, Minami H, Yokozaki H, Manz MG, Matozaki T. Preclinical evaluation of the efficacy of an antibody to human SIRPα for cancer immunotherapy in humanized mouse models. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1294814. [PMID: 38162643 PMCID: PMC10757636 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1294814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are abundant in the tumor microenvironment and are considered potential targets for cancer immunotherapy. To examine the antitumor effects of agents targeting human TAMs in vivo, we here established preclinical tumor xenograft models based on immunodeficient mice that express multiple human cytokines and have been reconstituted with a human immune system by transplantation of human CD34+ hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HIS-MITRG mice). HIS-MITRG mice supported the growth of both human cell line (Raji)- and patient-derived B cell lymphoma as well as the infiltration of human macrophages into their tumors. We examined the potential antitumor action of an antibody to human SIRPα (SE12C3) that inhibits the interaction of CD47 on tumor cells with SIRPα on human macrophages and thereby promotes Fcγ receptor-mediated phagocytosis of the former cells by the latter. Treatment with the combination of rituximab (antibody to human CD20) and SE12C3 inhibited Raji tumor growth in HIS-MITRG mice to a markedly greater extent than did rituximab monotherapy. This enhanced antitumor effect was dependent on human macrophages and attributable to enhanced rituximab-dependent phagocytosis of lymphoma cells by human macrophages. Treatment with rituximab and SE12C3 also induced reprogramming of human TAMs toward a proinflammatory phenotype. Furthermore, the combination treatment essentially prevented the growth of patient-derived diffuse large B cell lymphoma in HIS-MITRG mice. Our findings thus support the study of HIS-MITRG mice as a model for the preclinical evaluation in vivo of potential therapeutics, such as antibodies to human SIRPα, that target human TAMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuyuki Saito
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Signaling, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Rie Iida-Norita
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Signaling, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Tania Afroj
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Signaling, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
- Division of Biosignal Regulation, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Alaa Refaat
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Signaling, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Daisuke Hazama
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Signaling, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Satomi Komori
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Signaling, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
- Division of Biosignal Regulation, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Shinya Ohata
- Division of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Department of Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Tomoko Takai
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Signaling, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
- Division of Biosignal Regulation, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Okechi S. Oduori
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Signaling, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
- Division of Biosignal Regulation, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Takenori Kotani
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Signaling, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Yohei Funakoshi
- Division of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Department of Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Yu-Ichiro Koma
- Division of Pathology, Department of Pathology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Yoji Murata
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Signaling, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Kimikazu Yakushijin
- Division of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Department of Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Matsuoka
- Division of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Department of Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
- Division of Bioresource Research and Development, Department of Social/Community Medicine and Health Science, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Hironobu Minami
- Division of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Department of Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Yokozaki
- Division of Pathology, Department of Pathology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Markus G. Manz
- Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, University and University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Zurich at the University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Takashi Matozaki
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Signaling, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
- Division of Biosignal Regulation, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
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10
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Chen XY, Yan MY, Liu Q, Yu BX, Cen Y, Li SY. Chimeric Peptide Engineered Bioregulator for Metastatic Tumor Immunotherapy through Macrophage Polarization and Phagocytosis Restoration. ACS NANO 2023; 17:16056-16068. [PMID: 37578051 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c04778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are the most abundant immune cells in solid tumor tissues, which restrict antitumor immunity by releasing tumor-supporting cytokines and attenuating phagocytosis behaviors. In this work, a chimeric peptide engineered bioregulator (ChiP-RS) is constructed for tumor immunotherapy through macrophage polarization and phagocytosis restoration. ChiP-RS is fabricated by utilizing macrophage-targeting chimeric peptide (ChiP) to load Toll-like receptor agonists (R848) and Src homology 2 (SH2) domain-containing protein tyrosine phosphatase 2 (SHP-2) inhibitor (SHP099). Among which, ChiP-RS prefers to be internalized by TAMs, repolarizing M2 macrophages into M1 macrophages to reverse the immunosuppressive microenvironment. In addition, SHP-2 can be downregulated to promote phagocytotic elimination behaviors of M1 macrophages, which will also activate T cell-based antitumor immunity for metastatic tumor therapy. In vitro and in vivo findings demonstrate a superior suppression effect of ChiP-RS against metastatic tumors without systemic side effects. Such a simple but effective nanoplatform provides sophisticated synergism for immunotherapy, which may facilitate the development of translational nanomedicine for metastatic tumor treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia-Yun Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology, the NMPA and State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, P. R. China
| | - Meng-Yi Yan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology, the NMPA and State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, P. R. China
| | - Qianqian Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology, the NMPA and State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, P. R. China
| | - Bai-Xue Yu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology, the NMPA and State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, P. R. China
| | - Yi Cen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology, the NMPA and State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, P. R. China
| | - Shi-Ying Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology, the NMPA and State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, P. R. China
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11
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Liu C, Zhou Y, Gao H, Zhang Z, Zhou Y, Xu Z, Zhang C, Xu Z, Zheng H, Ma YQ. Circulating LPS from gut microbiota leverages stenosis-induced deep vein thrombosis in mice. Thromb J 2023; 21:71. [PMID: 37386453 PMCID: PMC10308784 DOI: 10.1186/s12959-023-00514-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE AND DESIGN An accumulating body of evidence has shown that gut microbiota is involved in regulating inflammation; however, it remains undetermined if and how gut microbiota plays an important role in modulating deep venous thrombosis (DVT), which is an inflammation-involved thrombotic event. SUBJECTS Mice under different treatments were used in this study. METHODS AND TREATMENT We induced stenosis DVT in mice by partially ligating the inferior vena cava. Mice were treated with antibiotics, prebiotics, probiotics, or inflammatory reagents to modulate inflammatory states, and their effects on the levels of circulating LPS and DVT were examined. RESULTS Antibiotic-treated mice or germ-free mice exhibited compromised DVT. Treatment of mice with either prebiotics or probiotics effectively suppressed DVT, which was accompanied with the downregulation of circulating LPS. Restoration of circulating LPS in these mice with a low dose of LPS was able to restore DVT. LPS-induced DVT was blocked by a TLR4 antagonist. By performing proteomic analysis, we identified TSP1 as one of the downstream effectors of circulating LPS in DVT. CONCLUSION These results suggest that gut microbiota may play a nonnegligible role in modulating DVT by leveraging the levels of LPS in circulation, thus shedding light on the development of gut microbiota-based strategies for preventing and treating DVT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Liu
- Collaborative Research Program for Cell Adhesion Molecules, Shanghai University School of Life Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Zhou
- Collaborative Research Program for Cell Adhesion Molecules, Shanghai University School of Life Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Huihui Gao
- Collaborative Research Program for Cell Adhesion Molecules, Shanghai University School of Life Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Zeping Zhang
- Collaborative Research Program for Cell Adhesion Molecules, Shanghai University School of Life Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Zhou
- Collaborative Research Program for Cell Adhesion Molecules, Shanghai University School of Life Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Zifeng Xu
- Department of General Surgery, School of Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chenhong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhen Xu
- Versiti Blood Research Institute, 8727 Watertown Plank Rd, Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA
| | - Huajun Zheng
- NHC Key Lab of Reproduction Regulation, Shanghai Institute for Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Technologies, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200237, China.
| | - Yan-Qing Ma
- Versiti Blood Research Institute, 8727 Watertown Plank Rd, Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA.
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical College of Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI, USA.
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12
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Hao Y, Zhou X, Li Y, Li B, Cheng L. The CD47-SIRPα axis is a promising target for cancer immunotherapies. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 120:110255. [PMID: 37187126 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Cluster of differentiation 47(CD47) is a transmembrane protein that is ubiquitously found on the surface of many cells in the body and uniquely overexpressed by both solid and hematologic malignant cells. CD47 interacts with signal-regulatory protein α (SIRPα), to trigger a "don't eat me" signal and thereby achieve cancer immune escape by inhibiting macrophage-mediated phagocytosis. Thus, blocking the CD47-SIRPα phagocytosis checkpoint, for release of the innate immune system, is a current research focus. Indeed, targeting the CD47-SIRPα axis as a cancer immunotherapy has shown promising efficacies in pre-clinical outcomes. Here, we first reviewed the origin, structure, and function of the CD47-SIRPα axis. Then, we reviewed its role as a target for cancer immunotherapies, as well as the factors regulating CD47-SIRPα axis-based immunotherapies. We specifically focused on the mechanism and progress of CD47-SIRPα axis-based immunotherapies and their combination with other treatment strategies. Finally, we discussed the challenges and directions for future research and identified potential CD47-SIRPα axis-based therapies that are suitable for clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & West China Hospital of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xinxuan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & West China Hospital of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yiling Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & West China Hospital of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Bolei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & West China Hospital of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Lei Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & West China Hospital of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
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13
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Lu J, Li J, Lin Z, Li H, Lou L, Ding W, Ouyang S, Yonghui W, Wen Y, Chen X, Yue P, Wang Y, Liu P, Lu J, Zhang J, Feng W, Zhang X. Reprogramming of TAMs via the STAT3/CD47-SIRPα axis promotes acquired resistance to EGFR-TKIs in lung cancer. Cancer Lett 2023; 564:216205. [PMID: 37146936 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2023.216205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Cross-talk between the tumor microenvironment (TME) and cancer cells plays an important role in acquired drug resistance to epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs). The role of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), the major component of the TME, in acquired resistance remains unclear. In this study, M2-like reprogramming of TAMs and reduced phagocytosis by macrophages were observed in gefitinib-resistant lung cancer cells and tumor xenografts. CD47 was upregulated in TKI-resistant lung cancer cells, and M2 macrophage polarization and cancer cell escape from macrophage phagocytosis were enhanced. Culture medium from TKI-resistant cells led to metabolic reprogramming of TAMs. STAT3 was associated with CD47 expression in TKI-resistant lung cancer cells. Genetic and pharmacological inhibition of STAT3 enhanced the phagocytic activity of TAMs and alleviated the acquired resistance to EGFR-TKIs via inhibiting the CD47-SIRPα signaling axis and M2 polarization in the co-culture system. Moreover, STAT3 transcriptionally regulated CD47 expression by binding to consensus DNA response elements in the intron of the CD47 gene. Furthermore, the combination of gefitinib with a STAT3 inhibitor and an anti-CD47 monoclonal antibody alleviated the acquired resistance to gefitinib in vitro and in vivo. Collectively, our study reveals the role of TAM reprogramming and the CD47-SIRPα axis in acquired EGFR-TKI resistance and provides a novel therapeutic strategy to overcome the acquired resistance to EGFR-TKIs in lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaye Lu
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Draggability and New Drug Evaluation, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Jingwei Li
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Draggability and New Drug Evaluation, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Ziyou Lin
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Draggability and New Drug Evaluation, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Huaxuan Li
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Draggability and New Drug Evaluation, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Linlin Lou
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Draggability and New Drug Evaluation, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Wen Ding
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Draggability and New Drug Evaluation, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Shumin Ouyang
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Draggability and New Drug Evaluation, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Wu Yonghui
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Yuanzhen Wen
- Increasepharm (Hengqin) Innovative Medicine Institute Co. Ltd, Zhuhai, 519000, China
| | - Xiaobing Chen
- Increasepharm (Hengqin) Innovative Medicine Institute Co. Ltd, Zhuhai, 519000, China
| | - Peibin Yue
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology-Oncology, and Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA
| | - Yuanxiang Wang
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Draggability and New Drug Evaluation, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Peiqing Liu
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Draggability and New Drug Evaluation, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Jinjian Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, 519000, Macau.
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, China.
| | - Weineng Feng
- Department of Head and Neck/Thoracic Medical Oncology, The First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, 52800, China.
| | - Xiaolei Zhang
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Draggability and New Drug Evaluation, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
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14
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Chang R, Chu X, Zhang J, Fu R, Feng C, Jia D, Wang R, Yan H, Li G, Li J. Liposome-Based Co-Immunotherapy with TLR Agonist and CD47-SIRPα Checkpoint Blockade for Efficient Treatment of Colon Cancer. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28073147. [PMID: 37049910 PMCID: PMC10095745 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28073147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Antitumor immunity is an essential component of cancer therapy and is primarily mediated by the innate immune response, which plays a critical role in initiating and shaping the adaptive immune response. Emerging evidence has identified innate immune checkpoints and pattern recognition receptors, such as CD47 and Toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7), as promising therapeutic targets for cancer treatment. Based on the fusion protein Fc-CV1, which comprises a high-affinity SIRPα variant (CV1), and the Fc fragment of the human IgG1 antibody, we exploited a preparation which coupled Fc-CV1 to imiquimod (TLR7 agonist)-loaded liposomes (CILPs) to actively target CT26. WT syngeneic colon tumor models. In vitro studies revealed that CILPs exhibited superior sustained release properties and cell uptake efficiency compared to free imiquimod. In vivo assays proved that CILPs exhibited more efficient accumulation in tumors, and a more significant tumor suppression effect than the control groups. This immunotherapy preparation possessed the advantages of low doses and low toxicity. These results demonstrated that a combination of immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy and innate immunity agonists, such as the Fc-CV1 and imiquimod-loaded liposome preparation utilized in this study, could represent a highly effective strategy for tumor therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Chang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, China
| | - Xiaohong Chu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, China
| | - Jibing Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, China
| | - Rongrong Fu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, China
| | - Changshun Feng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, China
| | - Dianlong Jia
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, China
| | - Rui Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, China
| | - Hui Yan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, China
| | - Guangyong Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, China
| | - Jun Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, China
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15
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Li J, Dong T, Wu Z, Zhu D, Gu H. The effects of MYC on tumor immunity and immunotherapy. Cell Death Discov 2023; 9:103. [PMID: 36966168 PMCID: PMC10039951 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-023-01403-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The oncogene MYC is dysregulated in a host of human cancers, and as an important point of convergence in multitudinous oncogenic signaling pathways, it plays a crucial role in tumor immune regulation in the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME). Specifically, MYC promotes the expression of immunosuppressive factors and inhibits the expression of immune activation regulators. Undoubtedly, a therapeutic strategy that targets MYC can initiate a new era of cancer treatment. In this review, we summarize the essential role of the MYC signaling pathway in tumor immunity and the development status of MYC-related therapies, including therapeutic strategies targeting MYC and combined MYC-based immunotherapy. These studies have reported extraordinary insights into the translational application of MYC in cancer treatment and are conducive to the emergence of more effective immunotherapies for cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajin Li
- Department of Pediatrics, Second Clinical School of Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Tingyu Dong
- Department of Pediatrics, Second Clinical School of Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Zhen Wu
- Department of Clinical Medicine, First Clinical School of Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Dacheng Zhu
- Department of Clinical Medicine, First Clinical School of Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Hao Gu
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.
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16
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Emerging phagocytosis checkpoints in cancer immunotherapy. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:104. [PMID: 36882399 PMCID: PMC9990587 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01365-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy, mainly including immune checkpoints-targeted therapy and the adoptive transfer of engineered immune cells, has revolutionized the oncology landscape as it utilizes patients' own immune systems in combating the cancer cells. Cancer cells escape immune surveillance by hijacking the corresponding inhibitory pathways via overexpressing checkpoint genes. Phagocytosis checkpoints, such as CD47, CD24, MHC-I, PD-L1, STC-1 and GD2, have emerged as essential checkpoints for cancer immunotherapy by functioning as "don't eat me" signals or interacting with "eat me" signals to suppress immune responses. Phagocytosis checkpoints link innate immunity and adaptive immunity in cancer immunotherapy. Genetic ablation of these phagocytosis checkpoints, as well as blockade of their signaling pathways, robustly augments phagocytosis and reduces tumor size. Among all phagocytosis checkpoints, CD47 is the most thoroughly studied and has emerged as a rising star among targets for cancer treatment. CD47-targeting antibodies and inhibitors have been investigated in various preclinical and clinical trials. However, anemia and thrombocytopenia appear to be formidable challenges since CD47 is ubiquitously expressed on erythrocytes. Here, we review the reported phagocytosis checkpoints by discussing their mechanisms and functions in cancer immunotherapy, highlight clinical progress in targeting these checkpoints and discuss challenges and potential solutions to smooth the way for combination immunotherapeutic strategies that involve both innate and adaptive immune responses.
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17
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Ghantous L, Volman Y, Hefez R, Wald O, Stern E, Friehmann T, Chajut A, Bremer E, Elhalel MD, Rachmilewitz J. The DNA damage response pathway regulates the expression of the immune checkpoint CD47. Commun Biol 2023; 6:245. [PMID: 36882648 PMCID: PMC9992352 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-04615-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
CD47 is a cell surface ligand expressed on all nucleated cells. It is a unique immune checkpoint protein acting as "don't eat me" signal to prevent phagocytosis and is constitutively overexpressed in many tumors. However, the underlying mechanism(s) for CD47 overexpression is not clear. Here, we show that irradiation (IR) as well as various other genotoxic agents induce elevated expression of CD47. This upregulation correlates with the extent of residual double-strand breaks (DSBs) as determined by γH2AX staining. Interestingly, cells lacking mre-11, a component of the MRE11-RAD50-NBS1 (MRN) complex that plays a central role in DSB repair, or cells treated with the mre-11 inhibitor, mirin, fail to elevate the expression of CD47 upon DNA damage. On the other hand, both p53 and NF-κB pathways or cell-cycle arrest do not play a role in CD47 upregualtion upon DNA damage. We further show that CD47 expression is upregulated in livers harvested from mice treated with the DNA-damage inducing agent Diethylnitrosamine (DEN) and in cisplatin-treated mesothelioma tumors. Hence, our results indicate that CD47 is upregulated following DNA damage in a mre-11-dependent manner. Chronic DNA damage response in cancer cells might contribute to constitutive elevated expression of CD47 and promote immune evasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucy Ghantous
- Goldyne Savad Institute of Gene Therapy, Hadassah Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Hadassah Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Yael Volman
- Goldyne Savad Institute of Gene Therapy, Hadassah Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Ruth Hefez
- Goldyne Savad Institute of Gene Therapy, Hadassah Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Ori Wald
- Goldyne Savad Institute of Gene Therapy, Hadassah Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Hadassah Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Esther Stern
- Goldyne Savad Institute of Gene Therapy, Hadassah Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Tomer Friehmann
- Goldyne Savad Institute of Gene Therapy, Hadassah Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | | | - Edwin Bremer
- Department of Hematology, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Michal Dranitzki Elhalel
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Hadassah Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel.
| | - Jacob Rachmilewitz
- Goldyne Savad Institute of Gene Therapy, Hadassah Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel.
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18
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Podolnikova NP, Key S, Wang X, Ugarova TP. THE CIS ASSOCIATION OF CD47 WITH INTEGRIN Mac-1 REGULATES MACROPHAGE RESPONSES BY STABILIZING THE EXTENDED INTEGRIN CONFORMATION. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:103024. [PMID: 36796515 PMCID: PMC10124913 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.103024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
CD47 is a ubiquitously expressed cell surface integrin-associated protein. Recently, we have demonstrated that integrin Mac-1 (αMβ2, CD11b/CD18, CR3), the major adhesion receptor on the surface of myeloid cells, can be coprecipitated with CD47. However, the molecular basis for the CD47-Mac-1 interaction and its functional consequences remain unclear. Here, we demonstrated that CD47 regulates macrophage functions directly interacting with Mac-1. In particular, adhesion, spreading, migration, phagocytosis, and fusion of CD47-deficient macrophages were significantly decreased. We validated the functional link between CD47 and Mac-1 by co-immunoprecipitation analysis using various Mac-1-expressing cells. In HEK293 cells expressing individual αM and β2 integrin subunits, CD47 was found to bind both subunits. Interestingly, a higher amount of CD47 was recovered with the free β2 subunit than in the complex with the whole integrin. Furthermore, activating Mac-1-expressing HEK293 cells with PMA, Mn2+, and activating antibody MEM48 increased the amount of CD47 in complex with Mac-1, suggesting CD47 has a greater affinity for the extended integrin conformation. Notably, on the surface of cells lacking CD47, fewer Mac-1 molecules could convert into an extended conformation in response to activation. Additionally, we identified the binding site in CD47 for Mac-1 in its constituent IgV domain. The complementary binding sites for CD47 in Mac-1 were localized in integrin epidermal growth factor-like domains 3 and 4 of the β2 and calf-1 and calf-2 domains of the α subunits. These results indicate that Mac-1 forms a lateral complex with CD47, which regulates essential macrophage functions by stabilizing the extended integrin conformation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shundene Key
- School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287
| | - Xu Wang
- School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287
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19
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Yang H, Xun Y, You H. The landscape overview of CD47-based immunotherapy for hematological malignancies. Biomark Res 2023; 11:15. [PMID: 36726125 PMCID: PMC9893585 DOI: 10.1186/s40364-023-00456-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Extensive clinical and experimental evidence suggests that macrophages play a crucial role in cancer immunotherapy. Cluster of differentiation (CD) 47, which is found on both healthy and malignant cells, regulates macrophage-mediated phagocytosis by sending a "don't eat me" signal to the signal regulatory protein alpha (SIRPα) receptor. Increasing evidence demonstrates that blocking CD47 interaction with SIRPα can enhance cancer cell clearance by macrophages. Additionally, inhibition of CD47/SIRPα interaction can increase antigen cross-presentation, leading to T-cell priming and an activated adaptive antitumor immune response. Therefore, inhibiting CD47/SIRPα axis has a significant impact on tumor immunotherapy. Studies on CD47 monoclonal antibodies are at the forefront of research, and impressive results have been obtained. Nevertheless, hematotoxicity, especially anemia, has become the most common adverse effect of the CD47 monoclonal antibody. More specific targeted drugs (i.e., bispecific antibodies, SIRPα/Fc fusion protein antibodies, and small-molecule inhibitors) have been developed to reduce hematotoxicity. Here, we review the present usage of CD47 antagonists for the treatment of lymphomas and hematologic neoplasms from the perspectives of structure, function, and clinical trials, including a comprehensive overview of the drugs in development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Yang
- grid.443369.f0000 0001 2331 8060Department of Basic Medicine and Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong Province 528000 China
| | - Yang Xun
- grid.443369.f0000 0001 2331 8060Department of Basic Medicine and Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong Province 528000 China
| | - Hua You
- grid.488412.3Laboratory for Excellence in Systems Biomedicine of Pediatric Oncology, Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 401122 China ,grid.488412.3Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 401122 China
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20
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Immune Checkpoint and Other Receptor-Ligand Pairs Modulating Macrophages in Cancer: Present and Prospects. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14235963. [PMID: 36497444 PMCID: PMC9736575 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14235963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 11/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy, especially immune checkpoint blocking, has become the primary anti-tumor treatment in recent years. However, the current immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy is far from satisfactory. Macrophages are a key component of anti-tumor immunity as they are a common immune cell subset in tumor tissues and act as a link between innate and adaptive immunity. Hence, understanding the regulation of macrophage activation in tumor tissues by receptor-ligand interaction will provide promising macrophage-targeting strategies to complement current adaptive immunity-based immunotherapy and traditional anti-tumor treatment. This review aims to offer a systematic summary of the current advances in number, structure, expression, biological function, and interplay of immune checkpoint and other receptor-ligand between macrophages and tumor cells.
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21
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Jalil AR, Tobin MP, Discher DE. Suppressing or Enhancing Macrophage Engulfment through the Use of CD47 and Related Peptides. Bioconjug Chem 2022; 33:1989-1995. [PMID: 35316023 PMCID: PMC9990087 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.2c00019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Foreign particles and microbes are rapidly cleared by macrophages in vivo, although many key aspects of uptake mechanisms remain unclear. "Self" cells express CD47 which functions as an anti-phagocytic ligand for SIRPα on macrophages, particularly when pro-phagocytic ligands such as antibodies are displayed in parallel. Here, we review CD47 and related "Self" peptides as modulators of macrophage uptake. Nanoparticles conjugated with either CD47 or peptides derived from its SIRPα binding site can suppress phagocytic uptake by macrophages in vitro and in vivo, with similar findings for CD47-displaying viruses. Drugs, dyes, and genes as payloads thus show increased delivery to targeted cells. On the other hand, CD47 expression by cancer cells enables such cells to evade macrophages and immune surveillance. This has motivated development of soluble antagonists to CD47-SIRPα, ranging from blocking antibodies in the clinic to synthetic peptides in preclinical models. CD47 and peptides are thus emerging as dual-use phagocytosis modulators against diseases.
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22
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Targeting CXCR4 and CD47 Receptors: An Overview of New and Old Molecules for a Biological Personalized Anticancer Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232012499. [PMID: 36293358 PMCID: PMC9604048 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232012499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Biological therapy, with its multifaceted applications, has revolutionized the treatment of tumors, mainly due to its ability to exclusively target cancer cells and reduce the adverse effects on normal tissues. This review focuses on the therapies targeting the CXCR4 and CD47 receptors. We surveyed the results of early clinical trials testing compounds classified as nonpeptides, small peptides, CXCR4 antagonists or specific antibodies whose activity reduces or completely blocks the intracellular signaling pathways and cell proliferation. We then examined antibodies and fusion proteins against CD47, the receptor that acts as a “do not eat me” signal to phagocytes escaping immune surveillance. Despite these molecules being tested in early clinical trials, some drawbacks are emerging that impair their use in practice. Finally, we examined the ImmunoGenic Surrender mechanism that involves crosstalk and co-internalization of CXCR4 and CD47 upon engagement of CXCR4 by ligands or other molecules. The favorable effect of such compounds is dual as CD47 surface reduction impact on the immune response adds to the block of CXCR4 proliferative potential. These results suggest that a combination of different therapeutic approaches has more beneficial effects on patients’ survival and may pave the way for new accomplishments in personalized anticancer therapy.
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23
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Behrens LM, van den Berg TK, van Egmond M. Targeting the CD47-SIRPα Innate Immune Checkpoint to Potentiate Antibody Therapy in Cancer by Neutrophils. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14143366. [PMID: 35884427 PMCID: PMC9319280 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14143366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Immunotherapy aims to engage various immune cells in the elimination of cancer cells. Neutrophils are the most abundant leukocytes in the circulation and have unique mechanisms by which they can kill cancer cells opsonized by antibodies. However, neutrophil effector functions are limited by the inhibitory receptor SIRPα, when it interacts with CD47. The CD47 protein is expressed on all cells in the body and acts as a ‘don’t eat me’ signal to prevent tissue damage. Cancer cells can express high levels of CD47 to circumvent tumor elimination. Thus, blocking the interaction between CD47 and SIRPα may enhance anti-tumor effects by neutrophils in the presence of tumor-targeting monoclonal antibodies. In this review, we discuss CD47-SIRPα as an innate immune checkpoint on neutrophils and explore the preliminary results of clinical trials using CD47-SIRPα blocking agents. Abstract In the past 25 years, a considerable number of therapeutic monoclonal antibodies (mAb) against a variety of tumor-associated antigens (TAA) have become available for the targeted treatment of hematologic and solid cancers. Such antibodies opsonize cancer cells and can trigger cytotoxic responses mediated by Fc-receptor expressing immune cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Although frequently ignored, neutrophils, which are abundantly present in the circulation and many cancers, have demonstrated to constitute bona fide effector cells for antibody-mediated tumor elimination in vivo. It has now also been established that neutrophils exert a unique mechanism of cytotoxicity towards antibody-opsonized tumor cells, known as trogoptosis, which involves Fc-receptor (FcR)-mediated trogocytosis of cancer cell plasma membrane leading to a lytic/necrotic type of cell death. However, neutrophils prominently express the myeloid inhibitory receptor SIRPα, which upon interaction with the ‘don’t eat me’ signal CD47 on cancer cells, limits cytotoxicity, forming a mechanism of resistance towards anti-cancer antibody therapeutics. In fact, tumor cells often overexpress CD47, thereby even more strongly restricting neutrophil-mediated tumor killing. Blocking the CD47-SIRPα interaction may therefore potentiate neutrophil-mediated antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) towards cancer cells, and various inhibitors of the CD47-SIRPα axis are now in clinical studies. Here, we review the role of neutrophils in antibody therapy in cancer and their regulation by the CD47-SIRPα innate immune checkpoint. Moreover, initial results of CD47-SIRPα blockade in clinical trials are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonie M. Behrens
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (T.K.v.d.B.); (M.v.E.)
- Cancer Center Amsterdam, Cancer Biology and Immunology Program, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Cancer Immunology Program, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Correspondence:
| | - Timo K. van den Berg
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (T.K.v.d.B.); (M.v.E.)
- Byondis B.V., 6545 CM Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Marjolein van Egmond
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (T.K.v.d.B.); (M.v.E.)
- Cancer Center Amsterdam, Cancer Biology and Immunology Program, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Cancer Immunology Program, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Surgery, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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24
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Chen C, Wang R, Chen X, Hou Y, Jiang J. Targeting CD47 as a Novel Immunotherapy for Breast Cancer. Front Oncol 2022; 12:924740. [PMID: 35860564 PMCID: PMC9289165 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.924740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Nowadays, breast cancer has become the most common cancer worldwide with a high mortality rate. Immune checkpoint blockade holds great promise in tumor‐targeted therapy, and CD47 blockade as one immune therapy is undergoing various preclinical studies and clinical trials to demonstrate its safety and efficacy in breast cancer. In this review, we summarized different therapeutic mechanisms targeting CD47 and its prognostic role and therapeutic value in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Can Chen
- Department of Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
| | - Runlu Wang
- Respiratory Division, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of Dermatology, First People’s Hospital, Huzhou, China
| | - Yulong Hou
- Department of Surgery, Huzhou Central Hospital, Huzhou, China
| | - Jingting Jiang
- Department of Tumor Biological Treatment, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Jingting Jiang,
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25
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Gondois-Rey F, Miller T, Laletin V, Morelli X, Collette Y, Nunès J, Olive D. CD47-SIRPα Controls ADCC Killing of Primary T Cells by PMN Through a Combination of Trogocytosis and NADPH Oxidase Activation. Front Immunol 2022; 13:899068. [PMID: 35795660 PMCID: PMC9252436 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.899068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapies targeting the “don’t eat me” myeloid checkpoint constituted by CD47 SIRPα interaction have promising clinical potential but are limited by toxicities associated with the destruction of non-tumor cells. These dose-limiting toxicities demonstrate the need to highlight the mechanisms of anti–CD47-SIRPα therapy effects on non-tumor CD47-bearing cells. Given the increased incidence of lymphopenia in patients receiving anti-CD47 antibodies and the strong ADCC (antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity) effector function of polymorphonuclear cells (PMNs), we investigated the behavior of primary PMNs cocultured with primary T cells in the presence of anti-CD47 mAbs. PMNs killed T cells in a CD47-mAb–dependent manner and at a remarkably potent PMN to T cell ratio of 1:1. The observed cytotoxicity was produced by a novel combination of both trogocytosis and a strong respiratory burst induced by classical ADCC and CD47-SIRPα checkpoint blockade. The complex effect of the CD47 blocking mAb could be recapitulated by combining its individual mechanistic elements: ADCC, SIRPα blockade, and ROS induction. Although previous studies had concluded that disruption of SIRPα signaling in PMNs was limited to trogocytosis-specific cytotoxicity, our results suggest that SIRPα also tightly controls activation of NADPH oxidase, a function demonstrated during differentiation of immature PMNs but not so far in mature PMNs. Together, our results highlight the need to integrate PMNs in the development of molecules targeting the CD47-SIRPα immune checkpoint and to design agents able to enhance myeloid cell function while limiting adverse effects on healthy cells able to participate in the anti-tumor immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Françoise Gondois-Rey
- Immunity and Cancer Team, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), Inserm U1068, CNRS UMR7258, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Aix Marseille University UM105, Marseille, France
- *Correspondence: Françoise Gondois-Rey, ; Thomas W. Miller, ; Daniel Olive,
| | - Thomas Miller
- Integrated Chemical and Structural Biology Team, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), Inserm U1068, CNRS UMR7258, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Aix Marseille University UM105, Marseille, France
- *Correspondence: Françoise Gondois-Rey, ; Thomas W. Miller, ; Daniel Olive,
| | - Vladimir Laletin
- Immunity and Cancer Team, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), Inserm U1068, CNRS UMR7258, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Aix Marseille University UM105, Marseille, France
| | - Xavier Morelli
- Integrated Chemical and Structural Biology Team, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), Inserm U1068, CNRS UMR7258, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Aix Marseille University UM105, Marseille, France
| | - Yves Collette
- Integrated Chemical and Structural Biology Team, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), Inserm U1068, CNRS UMR7258, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Aix Marseille University UM105, Marseille, France
| | - Jacques Nunès
- Immunity and Cancer Team, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), Inserm U1068, CNRS UMR7258, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Aix Marseille University UM105, Marseille, France
| | - Daniel Olive
- Immunity and Cancer Team, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), Inserm U1068, CNRS UMR7258, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Aix Marseille University UM105, Marseille, France
- *Correspondence: Françoise Gondois-Rey, ; Thomas W. Miller, ; Daniel Olive,
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26
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Thaker YR, Rivera I, Pedros C, Singh AR, Rivero-Nava L, Zhou H, Swanson BA, Kerwin L, Zhang Y, Gray JD, Kaufmann GF, Ji H, Allen RD, Bresson D. A Novel Affinity Engineered Anti-CD47 Antibody With Improved Therapeutic Index That Preserves Erythrocytes and Normal Immune Cells. Front Oncol 2022; 12:884196. [PMID: 35664753 PMCID: PMC9161735 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.884196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Therapeutic blockade of the CD47/SIRPα axis by small molecules or monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) is a proven strategy to enhance macrophages-mediated anti-tumor activity. However, this strategy has been hampered by elevated on-target toxicities and rapid clearance due to the extensive CD47 expression on normal cells (“antigen sink”) such as red blood cells (RBCs). To address these hurdles, we report on the development of STI-6643, an affinity-engineered fully human anti-CD47 IgG4 antibody with negligible binding to normal cells. STI-6643 exhibited no hemagglutination activity on human RBCs at concentrations up to 300 µg/mL yet specifically blocked the CD47/SIPRα interaction. Of particular interest, STI-6643 preserved T cell functionality in vitro and showed significantly lower immune cell depletion in vivo in contrast to three previously published competitor reference anti-CD47 clones Hu5F9, AO-176 and 13H3. In cynomolgus monkeys, STI-6643 was well-tolerated at the highest dose tested (300 mg/kg/week) and provided favorable clinical safety margins. Finally, STI-6643 displayed comparable anti-tumor activity to the high-affinity reference clone Hu5F9 in a RAJI-Fluc xenograft tumor model as monotherapy or in combination with anti-CD20 (rituximab) or anti-CD38 (daratumumab) mAbs. These data suggest that STI-6643 possesses the characteristics of an effective therapeutic candidate given its potent anti-tumor activity and low toxicity profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youg R. Thaker
- Sorrento Therapeutics, Inc., San Diego, CA, United States
- *Correspondence: Youg R. Thaker, ; Damien Bresson,
| | - Ianne Rivera
- Sorrento Therapeutics, Inc., San Diego, CA, United States
- Janssen, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Christophe Pedros
- Sorrento Therapeutics, Inc., San Diego, CA, United States
- Turnstone Biologics, Center for Novel Therapeutics, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Alok R. Singh
- Sorrento Therapeutics, Inc., San Diego, CA, United States
| | | | - Heyue Zhou
- Sorrento Therapeutics, Inc., San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Barbara A. Swanson
- Sorrento Therapeutics, Inc., San Diego, CA, United States
- Retired, Encinitas, CA, United States
| | - Lisa Kerwin
- Sorrento Therapeutics, Inc., San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Yanliang Zhang
- Sorrento Therapeutics, Inc., San Diego, CA, United States
| | - J. Dixon Gray
- Sorrento Therapeutics, Inc., San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Gunnar F. Kaufmann
- Sorrento Therapeutics, Inc., San Diego, CA, United States
- Oncternal Therapeutics, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Henry Ji
- Sorrento Therapeutics, Inc., San Diego, CA, United States
| | | | - Damien Bresson
- Sorrento Therapeutics, Inc., San Diego, CA, United States
- *Correspondence: Youg R. Thaker, ; Damien Bresson,
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27
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Alausa A, Lawal KA, Babatunde OA, Obiwulu ENO, Oladokun OC, Fadahunsi OS, Celestine UO, Moses EU, Rejoice AI, Adegbola PI. Overcoming Immunotherapeutic Resistance in PDAC: SIRPα-CD47 blockade. Pharmacol Res 2022; 181:106264. [PMID: 35597384 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2022.106264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
A daily increase in the number of new cases of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma remains an issue of contention in cancer research. The data revealed that a global cumulated case of about 500, 000 have been reported. This has made PDAC the fourteenth most occurring tumor case in cancer research. Furthermore, PDAC is responsible for about 466,003 deaths annually, representing the seventh prevalent type of cancer mortality. PDAC has no salient symptoms in its early stages. This has exasperated several attempts to produce a perfect therapeutic agent against PDAC. Recently, immunotherapeutic research has shifted focus to the blockade of checkpoint proteins in the management and of some cancers. Investigations have centrally focused on developing therapeutic agents that could at least to a significant extent block the SIRPα-CD47 signaling cascade (a cascade which prevent phagocytosis of tumors by dendritic cells, via the deactivation of innate immunity and subsequently resulting in tumor regression) with minimal side effects. The concept on the blockade of this interaction as a possible mechanism for inhibiting the progression of PDAC is currently being debated. This review examined the structure--function activity of SIRPα-CD47 interaction while discussing in detail the mechanism of tumor resistance in PDAC. Further, this review details how the blockade of SIRPα-CD47 interaction serve as a therapeutic option in the management of PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullahi Alausa
- Department of Biochemistry, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Oyo state.
| | - Khadijat Ayodeji Lawal
- Heamtalogy and Blood Transfusion Unit, Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Nigeria
| | | | - E N O Obiwulu
- Department of Chemical Science, University of Delta, Agbor, Delta State
| | | | | | - Ugwu Obiora Celestine
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Enugu State University of Science and Technology
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28
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Ren B, Xia H, Liao Y, Zhou H, Wang Z, Shi Y, Zhu M. Endothelial SIRPα signaling controls VE-cadherin endocytosis for thymic homing of progenitor cells. eLife 2022; 11:69219. [PMID: 35511221 PMCID: PMC9071265 DOI: 10.7554/elife.69219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Thymic homing of hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPCs) is tightly regulated for proper T cell development. Previously we have identified a subset of specialized thymic portal endothelial cells (TPECs), which is important for thymic HPC homing. However, the underlying molecular mechanism still remains unknown. Here, we found that signal regulatory protein alpha (SIRPα) is preferentially expressed on TPECs. Disruption of CD47-SIRPα signaling in mice resulted in reduced number of thymic early T cell progenitors (ETPs), impaired thymic HPC homing, and altered early development of thymocytes. Mechanistically, Sirpa-deficient ECs and Cd47-deficient bone marrow progenitor cells or T lymphocytes demonstrated impaired transendothelial migration (TEM). Specifically, SIRPα intracellular ITIM motif-initiated downstream signaling in ECs was found to be required for TEM in an SHP2- and Src-dependent manner. Furthermore, CD47 signaling from migrating cells and SIRPα intracellular signaling were found to be required for VE-cadherin endocytosis in ECs. Thus, our study reveals a novel role of endothelial SIRPα signaling for thymic HPC homing for T cell development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boyang Ren
- The Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,College of Life Sciences, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Huan Xia
- The Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,College of Life Sciences, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yijun Liao
- The Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,College of Life Sciences, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hang Zhou
- The Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,College of Life Sciences, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhongnan Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yaoyao Shi
- The Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Mingzhao Zhu
- The Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,College of Life Sciences, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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29
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Wang C, Sallman DA. Targeting the cluster of differentiation 47/signal-regulatory protein alpha axis in myeloid malignancies. Curr Opin Hematol 2022; 29:44-52. [PMID: 34854834 DOI: 10.1097/moh.0000000000000691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The antitumor activity of macrophages is regulated by a balance of prophagocytic and antiphagocytic signals. Cluster of differentiation 47 (CD47), the dominant macrophage immune checkpoint ('do not eat me' signal), interacts with its receptor signal-regulatory protein alpha (SIRPα) to suppress phagocytic activities. This axis plays a pivotal role in immune evasion in myeloid malignancies as well as multiple cancers providing strong rationale for therapeutic exploitation. RECENT FINDINGS Preclinical studies have revealed overexpression of CD47 on leukemic stem cells and myeloblasts from patients with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML), which contributes to immune surveillance evasion and is associated with poor outcomes. Blockade of CD47 with different approaches has demonstrated proof-of-concept antitumor activities mainly through phagocytic clearance. Early phase clinical trials combining the anti-CD47 mAb magrolimab with the hypomethylating agent azacitidine have showed synergistic activities, deep and durable responses, as well as a tolerable safety profile in these patients, including those with TP53 mutations. SUMMARY Targeting CD47/SIRPα axis, in combination with other therapeutic agents, represents a promising treatment approach for patients with myeloid malignancies, particularly the challenging TP53-mutated subgroup.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of South Florida, Morsani College of Medicine
- Department of Malignant Hematology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - David A Sallman
- Department of Malignant Hematology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, USA
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30
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SIRPα - CD47 axis regulates dendritic cell-T cell interactions and TCR activation during T cell priming in spleen. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0266566. [PMID: 35413056 PMCID: PMC9004769 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0266566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The SIRPα-CD47 axis plays an important role in T cell recruitment to sites of immune reaction and inflammation but its role in T cell antigen priming is incompletely understood. Employing OTII TCR transgenic mice bred to Cd47-/- (Cd47KO) or SKI mice, a knock-in transgenic animal expressing non-signaling cytoplasmic-truncated SIRPα, we investigated how the SIRPα-CD47 axis contributes to antigen priming. Here we show that adoptive transfer of Cd47KO or SKI Ova-specific CD4+ T cells (OTII) into Cd47KO and SKI recipients, followed by Ova immunization, elicited reduced T cell division and proliferation indices, increased apoptosis, and reduced expansion compared to transfer into WT mice. We confirmed prior reports that splenic T cell zone, CD4+ conventional dendritic cells (cDCs) and CD4+ T cell numbers were reduced in Cd47KO and SKI mice. We report that in vitro derived DCs from Cd47KO and SKI mice exhibited impaired migration in vivo and exhibited reduced CD11c+ DC proximity to OTII T cells in T cell zones after Ag immunization, which correlates with reduced TCR activation in transferred OTII T cells. These findings suggest that reduced numbers of CD4+ cDCs and their impaired migration contributes to reduced T cell-DC proximity in splenic T cell zone and reduced T cell TCR activation, cell division and proliferation, and indirectly increased T cell apoptosis.
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31
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Downregulation of Signal Regulatory Protein Alfa 1 in K562 Cells Results in the Aberrant Cell Growth in Low Serum Culture. J Mol Signal 2021. [DOI: 10.5334/1750-2187-15-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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32
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Dehmani S, Nerrière-Daguin V, Néel M, Elain-Duret N, Heslan JM, Belarif L, Mary C, Thepenier V, Biteau K, Poirier N, Blancho G, Haspot F. SIRPγ-CD47 Interaction Positively Regulates the Activation of Human T Cells in Situation of Chronic Stimulation. Front Immunol 2021; 12:732530. [PMID: 34925315 PMCID: PMC8671138 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.732530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A numerous number of positive and negative signals via various molecules modulate T-cell activation. Within the various transmembrane proteins, SIRPγ is of interest since it is not expressed in rodents. SIRPγ interaction with CD47 is reevaluated in this study. Indeed, we show that the anti-SIRPγ mAb clone LSB2.20 previously used by others has not been appropriately characterized. We reveal that the anti-SIRPα clone KWAR23 is a Pan anti-SIRP mAb which efficiently blocks SIRPα and SIRPγ interactions with CD47. We show that SIRPγ expression on T cells varies with their differentiation and while being expressed on Tregs, is not implicated in their suppressive functions. SIRPγ spatial reorganization at the immune synapse is independent of its interaction with CD47. In vitro SIRPα-γ/CD47 blockade with KWAR23 impairs IFN-γ secretion by chronically activated T cells. In vivo in a xeno-GvHD model in NSG mice, the SIRPγ/CD47 blockade with the KWAR23 significantly delays the onset of the xeno-GvHD and deeply impairs human chimerism. In conclusion, we have shown that T-cell interaction with CD47 is of importance notably in chronic stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Safa Dehmani
- OSE Immunotherapeutics, Nantes, France.,Nantes Université, Inserm, Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie, Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 1064, Institut de Transplantation Urologie-Néphrologie (ITUN), Nantes, France
| | - Véronique Nerrière-Daguin
- Nantes Université, Inserm, Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie, Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 1064, Institut de Transplantation Urologie-Néphrologie (ITUN), Nantes, France
| | - Mélanie Néel
- Nantes Université, Inserm, Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie, Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 1064, Institut de Transplantation Urologie-Néphrologie (ITUN), Nantes, France
| | - Nathan Elain-Duret
- Nantes Université, Inserm, Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie, Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 1064, Institut de Transplantation Urologie-Néphrologie (ITUN), Nantes, France
| | - Jean-Marie Heslan
- Nantes Université, Inserm, Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie, Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 1064, Institut de Transplantation Urologie-Néphrologie (ITUN), Nantes, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Gilles Blancho
- Nantes Université, Inserm, Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie, Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 1064, Institut de Transplantation Urologie-Néphrologie (ITUN), Nantes, France
| | - Fabienne Haspot
- Nantes Université, Inserm, Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie, Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 1064, Institut de Transplantation Urologie-Néphrologie (ITUN), Nantes, France
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Aureli A, Marziani B, Sconocchia T, Del Principe MI, Buzzatti E, Pasqualone G, Venditti A, Sconocchia G. Immunotherapy as a Turning Point in the Treatment of Acute Myeloid Leukemia. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13246246. [PMID: 34944865 PMCID: PMC8699368 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13246246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Despite recent progress achieved in the management of acute myeloid leukemia (AML), it remains a life-threatening disease with a poor prognosis, particularly in the elderly, having an average 5-year survival of approximately 28%. However, recent evidence suggests that immunotherapy can provide the background for developing personalized targeted therapy to improve the clinical course of AML patients. Our review aimed to assess the immunotherapy effectiveness in AML by discussing the impact of monoclonal antibodies, immune checkpoint inhibitors, chimeric antigen receptor T cells, and vaccines in AML preclinical and clinical studies. Abstract Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a malignant disease of hematopoietic precursors at the earliest stage of maturation, resulting in a clonalproliferation of myoblasts replacing normal hematopoiesis. AML represents one of the most common types of leukemia, mostly affecting elderly patients. To date, standard chemotherapy protocols are only effective in patients at low risk of relapse and therapy-related mortality. The average 5-year overall survival (OS) is approximately 28%. Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) improves prognosis but is limited by donor availability, a relatively young age of patients, and absence of significant comorbidities. Moreover, it is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. However, increasing understanding of AML immunobiology is leading to the development of innovative therapeutic strategies. Immunotherapy is considered an attractive strategy for controlling and eliminating the disease. It can be a real breakthrough in the treatment of leukemia, especially in patients who are not eligible forintensive chemotherapy. In this review, we focused on the progress of immunotherapy in the field of AML by discussing monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), immune checkpoint inhibitors, chimeric antigen receptor T cells (CAR-T cells), and vaccine therapeutic choices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Aureli
- CNR Institute of Translational Pharmacology, 00133 Rome, Italy
- Correspondence: (A.A.); (G.S.)
| | - Beatrice Marziani
- Emergency and Urgent Department, University Hospital Sant’Anna of Ferrara, 44124 Ferrara, Italy;
| | | | - Maria Ilaria Del Principe
- Hematology, Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy; (M.I.D.P.); (E.B.); (G.P.); (A.V.)
| | - Elisa Buzzatti
- Hematology, Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy; (M.I.D.P.); (E.B.); (G.P.); (A.V.)
| | - Gianmario Pasqualone
- Hematology, Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy; (M.I.D.P.); (E.B.); (G.P.); (A.V.)
| | - Adriano Venditti
- Hematology, Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy; (M.I.D.P.); (E.B.); (G.P.); (A.V.)
| | - Giuseppe Sconocchia
- CNR Institute of Translational Pharmacology, 00133 Rome, Italy
- Correspondence: (A.A.); (G.S.)
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Melo Garcia L, Barabé F. Harnessing Macrophages through the Blockage of CD47: Implications for Acute Myeloid Leukemia. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13246258. [PMID: 34944878 PMCID: PMC8699809 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13246258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
CD47 is a surface membrane protein expressed by all normal tissues. It is the so-called "don't eat me signal" because it protects the cells against phagocytosis. The CD47 interacts with the signal regulatory protein alpha (SIRPα) on the surface of macrophages, leading to downstream inhibitory signaling that dampens phagocytic capacity. Since macrophages exert immune surveillance against cancers, cancer cells overexpress CD47 to defend themselves against phagocytosis. Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a cancer of hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPC), and similar to other types of cancers, leukemic blasts show enhanced levels of CD47. In patients with AML, CD47 has been associated with a higher disease burden and poor overall survival. Blockage of CD47-SIRPα signaling leads to improved phagocytosis of AML cells and better overall survival in xenograft models. However, the introduction of a pro-phagocytic signal is needed to induce greater phagocytic capacity. These pro-phagocytic signals can be either Fc receptor stimulants (such as monoclonal antibodies) or natural pro-phagocytic molecules (such as calreticulin). Based on these pre-clinical findings, various clinical trials investigating the blockade of CD47-SIRPα interaction have been designed as monotherapy and in combination with other anti-leukemic agents. In this review, we will discuss CD47 biology, highlight its implications for AML pathophysiology, and explore the potential clinical translation of disrupting CD47-SIRPα to treat patients with AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciana Melo Garcia
- MD Anderson Cancer Center, Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, University of Texas, Houston, TX 77030, USA;
| | - Frédéric Barabé
- MD Anderson Cancer Center, Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, University of Texas, Houston, TX 77030, USA;
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec—Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 4G2, Canada
- Correspondence:
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35
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Wang H, Newton G, Wu L, Lin LL, Miracco AS, Natesan S, Luscinskas FW. CD47 antibody blockade suppresses microglia-dependent phagocytosis and monocyte transition to macrophages, impairing recovery in EAE. JCI Insight 2021; 6:148719. [PMID: 34591795 PMCID: PMC8663579 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.148719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) is a well-characterized animal model of multiple sclerosis. During the early phase of EAE, infiltrating monocytes and monocyte-derived macrophages contribute to T cell recruitment, especially CD4+ T cells, into the CNS, resulting in neuronal demyelination; however, in later stages, they promote remyelination and recovery by removal of myelin debris by phagocytosis. Signal regulatory protein α and CD47 are abundantly expressed in the CNS, and deletion of either molecule is protective in myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein–induced EAE because of failed effector T cell expansion and trafficking. Here we report that treatment with the function blocking CD47 Ab Miap410 substantially reduced the infiltration of pathogenic immune cells but impaired recovery from paresis. The underlying mechanism was by blocking the emergence of CD11chiMHCIIhi microglia at peak disease that expressed receptors for phagocytosis, scavenging, and lipid catabolism, which mediated clearance of myelin debris and the transition of monocytes to macrophages in the CNS. In the recovery phase of EAE, Miap410 Ab–treated mice had worsening paresis with sustained inflammation and limited remyelination as compared with control Ab–treated mice. In summary, Ab blockade of CD47 impaired resolution of CNS inflammation, thus worsening EAE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Wang
- Center for Excellence in Vascular Biology, Department of Pathology, Mass General Brigham and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Gail Newton
- Center for Excellence in Vascular Biology, Department of Pathology, Mass General Brigham and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Liguo Wu
- Immunology & Inflammation Research Therapeutic Area, Sanofi US, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Lih-Ling Lin
- Immunology & Inflammation Research Therapeutic Area, Sanofi US, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Amy S Miracco
- Immunology & Inflammation Research Therapeutic Area, Sanofi US, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Sridaran Natesan
- Immunology & Inflammation Research Therapeutic Area, Sanofi US, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Francis W Luscinskas
- Center for Excellence in Vascular Biology, Department of Pathology, Mass General Brigham and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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36
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NKL Homeobox Genes NKX2-3 and NKX2-4 Deregulate Megakaryocytic-Erythroid Cell Differentiation in AML. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222111434. [PMID: 34768865 PMCID: PMC8583893 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Revised: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
NKL homeobox genes encode transcription factors that impact normal development and hematopoietic malignancies if deregulated. Recently, we established an NKL-code that describes the physiological expression pattern of eleven NKL homeobox genes in the course of hematopoiesis, allowing evaluation of aberrantly activated NKL genes in leukemia/lymphoma. Here, we identify ectopic expression of NKL homeobox gene NKX2-4 in an erythroblastic acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cell line OCI-M2 and describe investigation of its activating factors and target genes. Comparative expression profiling data of AML cell lines revealed in OCI-M2 an aberrantly activated program for endothelial development including master factor ETV2 and the additional endothelial signature genes HEY1, IRF6, and SOX7. Corresponding siRNA-mediated knockdown experiments showed their role in activating NKX2-4 expression. Furthermore, the ETV2 locus at 19p13 was genomically amplified, possibly underlying its aberrant expression. Target gene analyses of NKX2-4 revealed activated ETV2, HEY1, and SIX5 and suppressed FLI1. Comparative expression profiling analysis of public datasets for AML patients and primary megakaryocyte–erythroid progenitor cells showed conspicuous similarities to NKX2-4 activating factors and the target genes we identified, supporting the clinical relevance of our findings and developmental disturbance by NKX2-4. Finally, identification and target gene analysis of aberrantly expressed NKX2-3 in AML patients and a megakaryoblastic AML cell line ELF-153 showed activation of FLI1, contrasting with OCI-M2. FLI1 encodes a master factor for myelopoiesis, driving megakaryocytic differentiation and suppressing erythroid differentiation, thus representing a basic developmental target of these homeo-oncogenes. Taken together, we have identified aberrantly activated NKL homeobox genes NKX2-3 and NKX2-4 in AML, deregulating genes involved in megakaryocytic and erythroid differentiation processes, and thereby contributing to the formation of specific AML subtypes.
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Huang B, Bai Z, Ye X, Zhou C, Xie X, Zhong Y, Lin K, Ma L. Structural analysis and binding sites of inhibitors targeting the CD47/SIRPα interaction in anticancer therapy. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2021; 19:5494-5503. [PMID: 34712395 PMCID: PMC8517548 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2021.09.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 09/18/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Cluster of differentiation 47 (CD47)/signal regulatory protein alpha (SIRPα) is a negative innate immune checkpoint signaling pathway that restrains immunosurveillance and immune clearance, and thus has aroused wide interest in cancer immunotherapy. Blockade of the CD47/SIRPα signaling pathway shows remarkable antitumor effects in clinical trials. Currently, all inhibitors targeting CD47/SIRPα in clinical trials are biomacromolecules. The poor permeability and undesirable oral bioavailability of biomacromolecules have caused researchers to develop small-molecule CD47/SIRPα pathway inhibitors. This review will summarize the recent advances in CD47/SIRPα interactions, including crystal structures, peptides and small molecule inhibitors. In particular, we have employed computer-aided drug discovery (CADD) approaches to analyze all the published crystal structures and docking results of small molecule inhibitors of CD47/SIRPα, providing insight into the key interaction information to facilitate future development of small molecule CD47/SIRPα inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Huang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211198, China
| | - Zhaoshi Bai
- Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research & the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Baiziting 42, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China
| | - Xinyue Ye
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211198, China
| | - Chenyu Zhou
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211198, China
| | - Xiaolin Xie
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211198, China
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211198, China
| | - Yuejiao Zhong
- Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research & the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Baiziting 42, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China
| | - Kejiang Lin
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211198, China
| | - Lingman Ma
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211198, China
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211198, China
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Fenalti G, Villanueva N, Griffith M, Pagarigan B, Lakkaraju SK, Huang RYC, Ladygina N, Sharma A, Mikolon D, Abbasian M, Johnson J, Hadjivassiliou H, Zhu D, Chamberlain PP, Cho H, Hariharan K. Structure of the human marker of self 5-transmembrane receptor CD47. Nat Commun 2021; 12:5218. [PMID: 34471125 PMCID: PMC8410850 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-25475-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
CD47 is the only 5-transmembrane (5-TM) spanning receptor of the immune system. Its extracellular domain (ECD) is a cell surface marker of self that binds SIRPα and inhibits macrophage phagocytosis, and cancer immuno-therapy approaches in clinical trials are focused on blocking CD47/SIRPα interaction. We present the crystal structure of full length CD47 bound to the function-blocking antibody B6H12. CD47 ECD is tethered to the TM domain via a six-residue peptide linker (114RVVSWF119) that forms an extended loop (SWF loop), with the fundamental role of inserting the side chains of W118 and F119 into the core of CD47 extracellular loop region (ECLR). Using hydrogen-deuterium exchange and molecular dynamics simulations we show that CD47's ECLR architecture, comprised of two extracellular loops and the SWF loop, creates a molecular environment stabilizing the ECD for presentation on the cell surface. These findings provide insights into CD47 immune recognition, signaling and therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo Fenalti
- grid.419971.3Molecular Structure and Design, Bristol Myers Squibb, San Diego, CA USA
| | - Nicolas Villanueva
- grid.419971.3Molecular Structure and Design, Bristol Myers Squibb, San Diego, CA USA
| | - Mark Griffith
- grid.419971.3Protein Homeostasis, Bristol Myers Squibb, San Diego, CA USA
| | - Barbra Pagarigan
- grid.419971.3Molecular Structure and Design, Bristol Myers Squibb, San Diego, CA USA
| | | | - Richard Y.-C. Huang
- grid.419971.3Pharmaceutical Candidate Optimization, Nonclinical Research and Development, Bristol Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ USA
| | - Nadia Ladygina
- grid.419971.3Pharmacology, Bristol Myers Squibb, San Diego, CA USA
| | - Alok Sharma
- grid.419971.3Molecular Structure and Design, Bristol Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ USA
| | - David Mikolon
- grid.419971.3Discovery Biotherapeutics, Bristol Myers Squibb, San Diego, CA USA
| | - Mahan Abbasian
- grid.419971.3Discovery Biotherapeutics, Bristol Myers Squibb, San Diego, CA USA
| | - Jeffrey Johnson
- grid.419971.3Discovery Biotherapeutics, Bristol Myers Squibb, San Diego, CA USA
| | | | - Dan Zhu
- grid.419971.3Discovery Biotherapeutics, Bristol Myers Squibb, San Diego, CA USA
| | | | - Ho Cho
- grid.419971.3Discovery Biotherapeutics, Bristol Myers Squibb, San Diego, CA USA
| | - Kandasamy Hariharan
- grid.419971.3Discovery Biotherapeutics, Bristol Myers Squibb, San Diego, CA USA
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Tian Z, Liu M, Zhang Y, Wang X. Bispecific T cell engagers: an emerging therapy for management of hematologic malignancies. J Hematol Oncol 2021; 14:75. [PMID: 33941237 PMCID: PMC8091790 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-021-01084-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Harnessing the power of immune cells, especially T cells, to enhance anti-tumor activities has become a promising strategy in clinical management of hematologic malignancies. The emerging bispecific antibodies (BsAbs), which recruit T cells to tumor cells, exemplified by bispecific T cell engagers (BiTEs), have facilitated the development of tumor immunotherapy. Here we discussed the advances and challenges in BiTE therapy developed for the treatment of hematologic malignancies. Blinatumomab, the first BiTE approved for the treatment of acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL), is appreciated for its high efficacy and safety. Recent studies have focused on improving the efficacy of BiTEs by optimizing treatment regimens and refining the molecular structures of BiTEs. A considerable number of bispecific T cell-recruiting antibodies which are potentially effective in hematologic malignancies have been derived from BiTEs. The elucidation of mechanisms of BiTE action and neonatal techniques used for the construction of BsAbs can improve the treatment of hematological malignancies. This review summarized the features of bispecific T cell-recruiting antibodies for the treatment of hematologic malignancies with special focus on preclinical experiments and clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Tian
- School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Ming Liu
- Department of Hematology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated To Shandong University, Shandong First Medical University, No.324, Jingwu Road, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China.,Shandong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Lymphoma, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China.,Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China
| | - Ya Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China. .,Department of Hematology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated To Shandong University, Shandong First Medical University, No.324, Jingwu Road, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China. .,School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China. .,Shandong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Lymphoma, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China. .,Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China. .,National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 251006, China.
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Hematology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China. .,Department of Hematology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated To Shandong University, Shandong First Medical University, No.324, Jingwu Road, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China. .,School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China. .,Shandong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Lymphoma, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China. .,Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China. .,National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 251006, China.
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Saheb Sharif-Askari N, Saheb Sharif-Askari F, Mdkhana B, Al Heialy S, Alsafar HS, Hamoudi R, Hamid Q, Halwani R. Enhanced expression of immune checkpoint receptors during SARS-CoV-2 viral infection. Mol Ther Methods Clin Dev 2021; 20:109-121. [PMID: 33200082 PMCID: PMC7658590 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtm.2020.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The immune system is tightly regulated by the activity of stimulatory and inhibitory immune receptors. This immune homeostasis is usually disturbed during chronic viral infection. Using publicly available transcriptomic datasets, we conducted in silico analyses to evaluate the expression pattern of 38 selected immune inhibitory receptors (IRs) associated with different myeloid and lymphoid immune cells during coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection. Our analyses revealed a pattern of overall upregulation of IR mRNA during severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. A large number of IRs expressed on both lymphoid and myeloid cells were upregulated in nasopharyngeal swabs (NPSs), while lymphoid-associated IRs were specifically upregulated in autopsies, reflecting severe, terminal stage COVID-19 disease. Eight genes (BTLA, LAG3, FCGR2B, PDCD1, CEACAM1, CTLA4, CD72, and SIGLEC7), shared by NPSs and autopsies, were more expressed in autopsies and were directly correlated with viral levels. Single-cell data from blood and bronchoalveolar samples also reflected the observed association between IR upregulation and disease severity. Moreover, compared to SARS-CoV-1, influenza, and respiratory syncytial virus infections, the number and intensities of upregulated IRs were higher in SARS-CoV-2 infections. In conclusion, the immunopathology and severity of COVID-19 could be attributed to dysregulation of different immune inhibitors. Targeting one or more of these immune inhibitors could represent an effective therapeutic approach for the treatment of COVID-19 early and late immune dysregulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narjes Saheb Sharif-Askari
- Sharjah Institute of Medical Research, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Fatemeh Saheb Sharif-Askari
- Sharjah Institute of Medical Research, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Bushra Mdkhana
- Sharjah Institute of Medical Research, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Saba Al Heialy
- College of Medicine, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
- Meakins-Christie Laboratories, Research Institute of the McGill University Healthy Center, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Habiba S. Alsafar
- Center for Biotechnology, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Rifat Hamoudi
- Sharjah Institute of Medical Research, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Qutayba Hamid
- Sharjah Institute of Medical Research, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Meakins-Christie Laboratories, Research Institute of the McGill University Healthy Center, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Rabih Halwani
- Sharjah Institute of Medical Research, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Prince Abdullah Ben Khaled Celiac Disease Research Chair, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, King Saud University, Saudi Arabia
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41
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Li Z, Li Y, Gao J, Fu Y, Hua P, Jing Y, Cai M, Wang H, Tong T. The role of CD47-SIRPα immune checkpoint in tumor immune evasion and innate immunotherapy. Life Sci 2021; 273:119150. [PMID: 33662426 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Revised: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
As a transmembrane protein, CD47 plays an important role in mediating cell proliferation, migration, phagocytosis, apoptosis, immune homeostasis, inhibition of NO signal transduction and other related reactions. Upon the interaction of innate immune checkpoint CD47-SIRPα occurrence, they send a "don't eat me" signal to the macrophages. This signal ultimately helps tumors achieve immune escape by inhibiting macrophage contraction to prevent tumor cells from phagocytosis. Therefore, the importance of CD47-SIRPα immune checkpoint inhibitors in tumor immunotherapy has attracted more attention in recent years. Based on the cognitive improvement of the effect with CD47 in tumor microenvironment and tumor characteristics, the pace of tumor treatment strategies for CD47-SIRPα immune checkpoint inhibitors has gradually accelerated. In this review, we introduced the high expression of CD47 in cancer cells to avoid phagocytosis by immune cells and the importance of CD47 in the structure of cancer microenvironment and the maintenance of cancer cell characteristics. Given the role of the innate immune system in tumorigenesis and development, an improved understanding of the anti-tumor process of innate immune checkpoint inhibitors can lay the foundation for more effective combinations with other anti-tumor treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zihao Li
- The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130041, China
| | - Yue Li
- The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130041, China
| | - Jing Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Research Center of Biomembranomics, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130022, China
| | - Yilin Fu
- The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130041, China
| | - Peiyan Hua
- The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130041, China
| | - Yingying Jing
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Research Center of Biomembranomics, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130022, China; University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China
| | - Mingjun Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Research Center of Biomembranomics, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130022, China
| | - Hongda Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Research Center of Biomembranomics, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130022, China; University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qing dao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Wenhai Road, Aoshanwei, Jimo, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, China
| | - Ti Tong
- The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130041, China.
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42
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Zhou X, Liu X, Huang L. Macrophage-Mediated Tumor Cell Phagocytosis: Opportunity for Nanomedicine Intervention. ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS 2021; 31:2006220. [PMID: 33692665 PMCID: PMC7939128 DOI: 10.1002/adfm.202006220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Macrophages are one of the most abundant non-malignant cells in the tumor microenvironment, playing critical roles in mediating tumor immunity. As important innate immune cells, macrophages possess the potential to engulf tumor cells and present tumor-specific antigens for adaptive antitumor immunity induction, leading to growing interest in targeting macrophage phagocytosis for cancer immunotherapy. Nevertheless, live tumor cells have evolved to evade phagocytosis by macrophages via the extensive expression of anti-phagocytic molecules, such as CD47. In addition, macrophages also rapidly recognize and engulf apoptotic cells (efferocytosis) in the tumor microenvironment, which inhibits inflammatory responses and facilitates immune escape of tumor cells. Thus, intervention of macrophage phagocytosis by blocking anti-phagocytic signals on live tumor cells or inhibiting tumor efferocytosis presents a promising strategy for the development of cancer immunotherapies. Here, the regulation of macrophage-mediated tumor cell phagocytosis is first summarized, followed by an overview of strategies targeting macrophage phagocytosis for the development of antitumor therapies. Given the potential off-target effects associated with the administration of traditional therapeutics (for example, monoclonal antibodies, small molecule inhibitors), we highlight the opportunity for nanomedicine in macrophage phagocytosis intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuefei Zhou
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education and Center for Bionanoengineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Xiangrui Liu
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education and Center for Bionanoengineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Leaf Huang
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
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43
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Current Immunotherapy Approaches in Non-Hodgkin Lymphomas. Vaccines (Basel) 2020; 8:vaccines8040708. [PMID: 33260966 PMCID: PMC7768428 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines8040708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 11/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-Hodgkin lymphomas (NHLs) are lymphoid malignancies of B- or T-cell origin. Despite great advances in treatment options and significant improvement of survival parameters, a large part of NHL patients either present with a chemotherapy-refractory disease or experience lymphoma relapse. Chemotherapy-based salvage therapy of relapsed/refractory NHL is, however, capable of re-inducing long-term remissions only in a minority of patients. Immunotherapy-based approaches, including bispecific antibodies, immune checkpoint inhibitors and genetically engineered T-cells carrying chimeric antigen receptors, single-agent or in combination with therapeutic monoclonal antibodies, immunomodulatory agents, chemotherapy or targeted agents demonstrated unprecedented clinical activity in heavily-pretreated patients with NHL, including chemotherapy-refractory cases with complex karyotype changes and other adverse prognostic factors. In this review, we recapitulate currently used immunotherapy modalities in NHL and discuss future perspectives of combinatorial immunotherapy strategies, including patient-tailored approaches.
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44
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Logtenberg MEW, Scheeren FA, Schumacher TN. The CD47-SIRPα Immune Checkpoint. Immunity 2020; 52:742-752. [PMID: 32433947 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2020.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 312] [Impact Index Per Article: 78.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Revised: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The cytotoxic activity of myeloid cells is regulated by a balance of signals that are transmitted through inhibitory and activating receptors. The Cluster of Differentiation 47 (CD47) protein, expressed on both healthy and cancer cells, plays a pivotal role in this balance by delivering a "don't eat me signal" upon binding to the Signal-regulatory protein alpha (SIRPα) receptor on myeloid cells. Here, we review the current understanding of the role of the CD47-SIRPα axis in physiological tissue homeostasis and as a promising therapeutic target in, among others, oncology, fibrotic diseases, atherosclerosis, and stem cell therapies. We discuss gaps in understanding and highlight where additional insight will be beneficial to allow optimal exploitation of this myeloid cell checkpoint as a target in human disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meike E W Logtenberg
- Division of Molecular Oncology and Immunology, Oncode Institute, the Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Ferenc A Scheeren
- Department of Medical Oncology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Ton N Schumacher
- Division of Molecular Oncology and Immunology, Oncode Institute, the Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Immunohematology and Bloodtransfusion, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.
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45
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Alhussien MN, Panda BSK, Kamboj A, Dang AK. Peripartum changes in the activity and expression of neutrophils may predispose to the postpartum occurrence of metritis in dairy cows. Res Vet Sci 2020; 135:456-468. [PMID: 33229058 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2020.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2020] [Revised: 10/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Metritis is a postpartum uterine pathology that causes a huge economic loss due to increased culling risk and impaired milk yield and reproduction in cows. The present study was carried out to study the changes in the activity and expression of blood neutrophils in crossbred dairy cows with and without metritis. Collection of blood samples was done at -3, -2 and - 1 weeks before calving, at calving and during the first day of metritis diagnosis in metritis group (n = 8) or at day 8-10 post calving in healthy group (n = 8). Neutrophils were studied for its percentage (microscopically), respiratory burst (nitro blue tetrazolium assay), myeloperoxidase (MPO) concentrations (sandwich ELISA) and expression of CXCR1, CXCR2, TLR2, TLR4, GRα, CD11b, CD14, CD25, CD44, CD47 and CD62L (RT-PCR). Immunocytochemistry was used to investigate MPO concentration and CD14 activity, and western blotting was used for estimating MPO. Although most of these parameters changed in the cows that developed metritis one week before calving, MPO and CD14 got altered much earlier. Myeloperoxidase concentrations and expression of CD14 were considerably lower starting from -2 weeks before calving in cows that developed metritis compared to healthy cows. Further studies are warranted to study the possible use of MPO and CD14 to identify transition cows more vulnerable to develop metritis several weeks before disease occurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohanned Naif Alhussien
- Lactation and Immuno-Physiology Laboratory, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana 132001, India.
| | - Bibhudatta S K Panda
- Lactation and Immuno-Physiology Laboratory, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana 132001, India
| | - Aarti Kamboj
- Lactation and Immuno-Physiology Laboratory, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana 132001, India
| | - Ajay Kumar Dang
- Lactation and Immuno-Physiology Laboratory, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana 132001, India
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46
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Leclair P, Lim CJ. CD47 (Cluster of differentiation 47): an anti-phagocytic receptor with a multitude of signaling functions. Anim Cells Syst (Seoul) 2020; 24:243-252. [PMID: 33224442 PMCID: PMC7654641 DOI: 10.1080/19768354.2020.1818618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
CD47 is a tumor-associated antigen best known for its ability to bind counter-receptors on the surface of professional phagocytes as an immune-evasion strategy. Recently, CD47 has been shown to play a role as a signaling receptor, involving a number of cell physiological processes. This review provides a comprehensive survey of the signaling pathways triggered by CD47 ligand-mediated cell death in tumor cells. Such an understanding should lead to improvement of CD47-targeted anti-tumor therapeutics able to both neutralize the anti-phagocytic role and trigger autonomous tumor cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pascal Leclair
- Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, and, Michael Cuccione Childhood Cancer Research Program, B.C. Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Chinten James Lim
- Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, and, Michael Cuccione Childhood Cancer Research Program, B.C. Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada
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47
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Morrissey MA, Kern N, Vale RD. CD47 Ligation Repositions the Inhibitory Receptor SIRPA to Suppress Integrin Activation and Phagocytosis. Immunity 2020; 53:290-302.e6. [PMID: 32768386 PMCID: PMC7453839 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2020.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2019] [Revised: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
CD47 acts as a "don't eat me" signal that protects cells from phagocytosis by binding and activating its receptor SIPRA on macrophages. CD47 suppresses multiple different pro-engulfment "eat me" signals, including immunoglobulin G (IgG), complement, and calreticulin, on distinct target cells. This complexity has limited understanding of how the "don't eat me" signal is transduced biochemically. Here, we utilized a reconstituted system with a defined set of signals to interrogate the mechanism of SIRPA activation and its downstream targets. CD47 ligation altered SIRPA localization, positioning SIRPA for activation at the phagocytic synapse. At the phagocytic synapse, SIRPA inhibited integrin activation to limit macrophage spreading across the surface of the engulfment target. Chemical reactivation of integrin bypassed CD47-mediated inhibition and rescued engulfment, similar to the effect of a CD47 function-blocking antibody. Thus, the CD47-SIRPA axis suppresses phagocytosis by inhibiting inside-out activation of integrin signaling in the macrophage, with implications to cancer immunotherapy applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meghan A Morrissey
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Nadja Kern
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Ronald D Vale
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA.
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48
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Strizova Z, Vachtenheim J, Snajdauf M, Lischke R, Bartunkova J, Smrz D. Tumoral and paratumoral NK cells and CD8 + T cells of esophageal carcinoma patients express high levels of CD47. Sci Rep 2020; 10:13936. [PMID: 32811852 PMCID: PMC7435266 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-70771-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In a limited number of human malignancies, anti-CD47 therapy leads to the rapid clearance of tumor cells by macrophages. In esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, anti-CD47 treatment has shown promising results in vitro. However, the CD47 expression pattern in tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), which are associated with prolonged overall survival and serve as a positive prognostic factor, is largely unknown. In this study, a total of 36 tissue samples from the tumor, peritumoral tissue, and adjacent healthy esophageal tissue was obtained from 12 esophageal carcinoma (EC) patients, and the surface expression of CD47 was evaluated in natural killer (NK) cells, CD8+ T cells, and the nonlymphocyte cell fraction. We found that the proportions of the evaluated cells and their CD47-expressing populations were comparable across the analyzed tissue compartments. However, the proportions of CD47-expressing populations in the analyzed tissue compartments were significantly higher in NK cells and CD8+ T cells than in the nonlymphocyte cell fraction. Importantly, the intensity of CD47 staining was also significantly higher in the tested immune cells than in the nonlymphocyte cell fraction. High expression of CD47 in tissue-infiltrating NK cells and CD8+ T cells in EC patients can, therefore, affect the efficacy of anti-CD47 therapy in EC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuzana Strizova
- Department of Immunology, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and University Hospital Motol, V Uvalu 84, 150 06, Praha 5, Czech Republic
| | - Jiri Vachtenheim
- Third Department of Surgery, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Snajdauf
- Third Department of Surgery, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Robert Lischke
- Third Department of Surgery, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jirina Bartunkova
- Department of Immunology, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and University Hospital Motol, V Uvalu 84, 150 06, Praha 5, Czech Republic
| | - Daniel Smrz
- Department of Immunology, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and University Hospital Motol, V Uvalu 84, 150 06, Praha 5, Czech Republic.
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49
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Kaur S, Cicalese KV, Banerjee R, Roberts DD. Preclinical and Clinical Development of Therapeutic Antibodies Targeting Functions of CD47 in the Tumor Microenvironment. Antib Ther 2020; 3:179-192. [PMID: 33244513 PMCID: PMC7687918 DOI: 10.1093/abt/tbaa017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Revised: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
CD47 is a ubiquitously expressed cell surface glycoprotein that functions as a signaling receptor for thrombospondin-1 and as the counter-receptor for signal regulatory protein-α (SIRPα). Engaging SIRPα on macrophages inhibits phagocytosis, and CD47 thereby serves as a physiological marker of self. However, elevated CD47 expression on some cancer cells also protects tumors from innate immune surveillance and limits adaptive antitumor immunity via inhibitory SIRPα signaling in antigen presenting cells. CD47 also mediates inhibitory thrombospondin-1 signaling in vascular cells, T cells, and NK cells, and blocking inhibitory CD47 signaling on cytotoxic T cells directly increases tumor cell killing. Therefore, CD47 functions as an innate and adaptive immune checkpoint. These findings have led to the development of antibodies and other therapeutic approaches to block CD47 functions in the tumor microenvironment. Preclinical studies in mice demonstrated that blocking CD47 can limit the growth of hematologic malignancies and solid tumors and enhance the efficacy of conventional chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and some targeted cancer therapies. Humanized CD47 antibodies are showing promise in early clinical trials, but side effects related to enhanced phagocytic clearance of circulating blood cells remain a concern. Approaches to circumvent these include antibody preloading strategies, development of antibodies that recognize tumor-specific epitopes of CD47, SIRPα antibodies, and bivalent antibodies that restrict CD47 blockade to specific tumor cells. Preclinical and clinical development of antibodies and related biologics that inhibit CD47/SIRPα signaling are reviewed, including strategies to combine these agents with various conventional and targeted therapeutics to improve patient outcome for various cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sukhbir Kaur
- Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Kyle V Cicalese
- Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Rajdeep Banerjee
- Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - David D Roberts
- Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
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50
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Immunotherapy in Hodgkin and non-Hodgkin lymphoma: Innate, adaptive and targeted immunological strategies. Cancer Treat Rev 2020; 88:102042. [PMID: 32521386 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctrv.2020.102042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Revised: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Since the clinical introduction of anti-CD20 monoclonal antibodies into lymphoma treatment, immunologic approaches in lymphoma have made substantial progress. Advances in our understanding of tumor immunology have led to the development of strategies to overcome immunologic barriers responsible for an ineffective immune response. Specifically, therapeutic agents have been developed and tested against molecules that are responsible for T-cell exhaustion. The use of monoclonal antibodies against immune checkpoints in the adaptive immune system, such as programmed cell death-1 and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4, has changed the landscape of cancer therapy including the treatment of lymphoma. This achievement has recently been accompanied by the development of novel immune checkpoint inhibitors targeting the innate immune system, including the CD47-SIRPα signaling pathway, and this approach has yielded promising results. To overcome impaired antigen presentation, antibody-based cytotoxic strategies, namely antibody-drug conjugates (polatuzumab vedotin and brentuximab vedotin) and bispecific T-cell or NK-cell engagers (blinatumomab, REGN1979, RG6206, and AFM13), have rapidly evolved with promising clinical activity. As additional tools become available for lymphoma treatment, formulation of safe, rational combination strategies to combine them with standard therapy will be of paramount importance. A successful approach to the treatment of lymphoma may require both an optimized anti-tumor immune response as well as effective depletion of malignant lymphoid cells.
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