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Moaveni D, Toledo P. Programmed Intermittent Intrathecal Bolus for Maintenance of Labor Analgesia in an Obstetric Patient: A Case Report. A A Pract 2023; 17:e01739. [PMID: 38088757 DOI: 10.1213/xaa.0000000000001739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
Maintenance of labor analgesia with programmed intermittent epidural boluses (PIEBs) has demonstrated benefits over the use of continuous infusions. While programmed intermittent boluses have been used for the maintenance of epidural analgesia, it has not been reported for the maintenance of intrathecal analgesia. Approximately 25% of intrathecal catheters (ITC) ultimately fail, often due to inadequate analgesic coverage. We describe the use of programmed intermittent intrathecal boluses for a laboring parturient who received an ITC. She reported excellent pain relief without significant motor block, high anesthetic block, hypotension, or respiratory distress. This delivery modality may increase the rate of ITC after unintentional dural puncture (UDP).
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Affiliation(s)
- Daria Moaveni
- From the Department of Anesthesiology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Jackson Memorial Hospital, Miami, Florida
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Binyamin Y, Azem K, Heesen M, Gruzman I, Frenkel A, Fein S, Eidelman LA, Garren A, Frank D, Orbach-Zinger S. The effect of placement and management of intrathecal catheters following accidental dural puncture on the incidence of postdural puncture headache and severity: a retrospective real-world study. Anaesthesia 2023; 78:1256-1261. [PMID: 37439056 DOI: 10.1111/anae.16088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
Accidental dural puncture during an attempt to establish labour epidural analgesia can result in postdural puncture headache and long-term debilitating conditions. Epidural blood patch, the gold standard treatment for this headache, is invasive and not always successful. Inserting an intrathecal catheter after accidental dural puncture may prevent postdural puncture headache. We evaluated the effect of intrathecal catheter insertion on the incidence of postdural puncture headache and the need for epidural blood patch and whether duration of intrathecal catheterisation or injection of intrathecal saline affected outcome. Our retrospective study was conducted at two tertiary, university-affiliated medical centres between 2017 and 2022 and included 92,651 epidurals and 550 cases of accidental dural puncture (0.59%); 219 parturients (39.8%) received an intrathecal catheter and 331 (60.2%) a resited epidural. Use of an intrathecal catheter versus resiting the epidural did not decrease the odds of postdural puncture headache, adjusted odds ratio (aOR) (95%CI) 0.91 (0.81-1.01), but was associated with a lower need for epidural blood patch (aOR (95%CI) 0.82 (0.73-0.91), p < 0.001). We found no benefit in leaving in the intrathecal catheter for 24 h postpartum (postdural puncture headache, aOR (95%CI) 1.01 (1.00-1.02), p = 0.015; epidural blood patch, aOR (95%CI) 1.00 (0.99-1.01), p = 0.40). We found an added benefit of injecting intrathecal saline as it decreased the incidence of postdural puncture headache (aOR (95%CI) 0.85 (0.73-0.99), p = 0.04) and the need for epidural blood patch (aOR (95%CI) 0.75 (0.64-0.87), p < 0.001). Our study confirms the benefits of intrathecal catheterisation and provides guidance on how to best manage an intrathecal catheter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Binyamin
- Department of Anaesthesia, Soroka University Medical Center and the Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Karam Azem
- Department of Anaesthesia, Beilinson Hospital, Rabin Medical Center Associated with Sackler Medical School, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - M Heesen
- Department of Anaesthesia, Kantonsspital Baden, Baden, Switzerland
| | - I Gruzman
- Department of Anaesthesia, Soroka University Medical Center and the Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - A Frenkel
- Department of Anaesthesia, Soroka University Medical Center and the Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - S Fein
- Department of Anaesthesia, Beilinson Hospital, Rabin Medical Center Associated with Sackler Medical School, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - L A Eidelman
- Department of Anaesthesia, Assuta Medical Center, Ashdod, Israel
| | - A Garren
- Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - D Frank
- Department of Anaesthesia, Soroka University Medical Center and the Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - S Orbach-Zinger
- Department of Anaesthesia, Beilinson Hospital, Rabin Medical Center Associated with Sackler Medical School, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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Chau A, Tsen L. Neuraxial labor analgesia: Initiation techniques. Best Pract Res Clin Anaesthesiol 2022; 36:3-15. [PMID: 35659957 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpa.2022.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The ideal technique for labor analgesia would have a quick onset, predictable quality, and adjustable depth and duration. Moreover, it would be easy to perform and have minimal maternal and fetal side effects. A catheter-based neuraxial approach encompasses these desirable characteristics and includes the epidural, combined spinal epidural, dural puncture epidural, and intrathecal catheter techniques. In this review, we outline the unique technical considerations, analgesic characteristics, and side effect profiles for each technique that can ultimately impact the maternal-fetal dyad. The selection of neuraxial analgesia techniques should consider the patient and team's goals and expectations, the clinical context, and the institutional culture. Labor analgesic techniques that initiate with an intentional dural puncture component have a faster onset, greater bilateral and sacral spread, and lower rates of epidural catheter failure. Further elucidation of the mechanisms, benefits, and risks of each neuraxial initiation technique will continue to benefit patients and care providers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Chau
- BC Women's Hospital, Department of Anesthesia, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Lawrence Tsen
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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Song LL, Zhou Y, Geng ZY. Epidural analgesia followed by epidural hydroxyethyl starch prevented post-dural puncture headache: Twenty case reports and a review of the literature. World J Clin Cases 2021; 9:1946-1952. [PMID: 33748246 PMCID: PMC7953408 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v9.i8.1946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2020] [Revised: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Accidental dural puncture (ADP) and subsequent post-dural puncture headache (PDPH) remain common complications of epidural procedures for obstetric anesthesia and analgesia. No clear consensus exists on the best way to prevent PDPH after ADP.
CASE SUMMARY We report our findings in twenty parturients who underwent an incorporated strategy of epidural analgesia followed by epidural hydroxyethyl starch (HES) to prevent PDPH after ADP with a 16-gauge Tuohy needle during epidural procedures. ADP with a 16-gauge Tuohy needle occurred in nine parturients undergoing a cesarean section (CS) and in eleven parturients receiving labor analgesia. An epidural catheter was re-sited at the same or adjacent intervertebral space in all patients. After CS, the epidural catheter was used for postoperative pain relief over a 48-h period. After delivery in eleven cases, epidural infusion was maintained for 24 h. Thereafter, 15 mL of 6% HES 130/0.4 was administered via the epidural catheter immediately prior to catheter removal. None of the parturients developed PDPH or neurologic deficits over a follow-up period of at least two months to up to one year postpartum.
CONCLUSION An incorporated strategy of epidural analgesia followed by epidural hydroxyethyl starch may have great efficacy in preventing PDPH after ADP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin-Lin Song
- Department of Anesthesiology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Yin Zhou
- Department of Anesthesiology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Zhi-Yu Geng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
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Orbach-Zinger S, Jadon A, Lucas DN, Sia AT, Tsen LC, Van de Velde M, Heesen M. Intrathecal catheter use after accidental dural puncture in obstetric patients: literature review and clinical management recommendations. Anaesthesia 2021; 76:1111-1121. [PMID: 33476424 DOI: 10.1111/anae.15390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
If an accidental dural puncture occurs, one option is to insert a catheter and use it as an intrathecal catheter. This avoids the need for a further injection and can rapidly provide labour analgesia and anaesthesia for caesarean section. However, there are no recommendations for managing intrathecal catheters and, therefore, significant variation in clinical practice exists. Mismanagement of the intrathecal catheter can lead to increased motor block, high spinal anaesthesia, drug error, hypotension and fetal bradycardia. Care must be taken with an intrathecal catheter to adhere to strict aseptic technique, meticulous labelling, cautious administration of medications and good communication with the patient and other staff. Every institution considering the use of intrathecal catheters should establish a protocol. For labour analgesia, we recommend the use of dilute local anaesthetic agents and opioids. For caesarean section anaesthesia, gradual titration to the level of the fourth thoracic dermatome, with full monitoring, in a facility equipped to manage complications, should be performed using local anaesthetics combined with lipophilic opioids and morphine or diamorphine. Although evidence of the presence and duration of intrathecal catheters on the development of post-dural puncture headache and need for epidural blood patch is limited, we suggest considering leaving the intrathecal catheter in for 24 hours to reduce the chance of developing a post-dural puncture headache while maintaining precautions to avoid drug error and cerebrospinal fluid leakage. Injection of sterile normal saline into the intrathecal catheter may reduce post-dural puncture headache. The level of evidence for these recommendations was low.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Orbach-Zinger
- Department of Anaesthesia, Rabin Medical Centre, Beilinson Hospital, Petach Tikvah, Sackler Medical School, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - A Jadon
- Tata Motors Hospital, Jamshedpur, Jharkhand, India.,Anaesthesia, Pain Relief Service, Department of Anaesthesia and Pain Relief Service, Jata Motors Hospital, Jamshedpur, Jharkhand, India
| | - D N Lucas
- LNWH NHS Trust, Harrow, UK.,Department of Anaesthesia, London North West University Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - A T Sia
- Department of Women's Anaesthesia, KK Women and Children Hospital, Singapore, Anaesthesiology Program, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore
| | - L C Tsen
- Harvard Medical School, Department of Anesthesiology, Peri-operative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - M Van de Velde
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Anesthesiology, UZ Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - M Heesen
- Department of Anaesthesia, Kantonsspital Baden, Baden, Switzerland
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Heesen M, Hilber N, Rijs K, van der Marel C, Rossaint R, Schäffer L, Klimek M. Intrathecal catheterisation after observed accidental dural puncture in labouring women: update of a meta-analysis and a trial-sequential analysis. Int J Obstet Anesth 2019; 41:71-82. [PMID: 31522933 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijoa.2019.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Revised: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Our meta-analysis from 2013 showed that inserting a catheter intrathecally after an observed accidental dural puncture can reduce the need for epidural blood patch in labouring women requesting epidural analgesia. We updated our conventional meta-analysis and added a trial-sequential analysis (TSA). METHODS A systematic literature search was conducted to identify studies that compared inserting the catheter intrathecally with an epidural catheter re-site or with no intervention. The extracted data were pooled and the risk ratio (RR) and 95% confidence interval (95%CI) for the incidence of post-dural puncture headache (PDPH) was calculated, using the random effects model. A contour-enhanced funnel plot was constructed. A TSA was performed and the cumulative Z score, monitoring and futility boundaries were constructed. RESULTS Our search identified 13 studies, reporting on 1653 patients, with a low risk of bias. The RR for the incidence of PDPH was 0.82 (95%CI 0.71 to 0.95) and the RR for the need for epidural blood patch was 0.62 (95%CI 0.49 to 0.79); heterogeneity of both analyses was high. The TSA showed that the monitoring or futility boundaries were not crossed, indicating insufficient data to exclude a type I error of statistical analysis. Contour-enhanced funnel plots were symmetric, suggesting no publication bias. CONCLUSIONS Conventional meta-analyses showed for the first time that intrathecal catheterisation can reduce the incidence of PDPH. However, TSA did not corroborate this finding. Despite increasing use in clinical practice there is no firm evidence on which to base a definite conclusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Heesen
- Department of Anaesthesia, Kantonsspital Baden, Baden, Switzerland.
| | - N Hilber
- Department of Anaesthesia, Kantonsspital Baden, Baden, Switzerland
| | - K Rijs
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - C van der Marel
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - R Rossaint
- Department of Anaesthesiology, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - L Schäffer
- Department of Obstetrics, Kantonsspital Baden, Baden, Switzerland
| | - M Klimek
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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Deng J, Wang L, Zhang Y, Chang X, Ma X. Insertion of an intrathecal catheter in parturients reduces the risk of post-dural puncture headache: A retrospective study and meta-analysis. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0180504. [PMID: 28678882 PMCID: PMC5498039 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0180504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2017] [Accepted: 06/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to determine whether insertion of an intrathecal catheter following accidental dural puncture (ADP) in obstetric patients can reduce the incidence of post-dural puncture headache (PDPH) and the requirement of a therapeutic epidural blood patch (TEBP). This was also compared with relocating the epidural catheter at a different vertebral interspace. A retrospective study was performed, as well as a meta-analysis of the literature to further validate our findings. We reviewed the records of 86 obstetric patients who suffered from ADP during epidural anesthesia or combined spinal-epidural anesthesia from October 2015 to November 2016 at our institution. Although, there was no significant decrease in the incidence of PDPH (P = 0.08), the requirement for a TEBP (P = 0.025) was significantly reduced in the intrathecal catheter group compared with the relocated group. In the meta-analysis, 13 eligible studies including 1044 obstetric patients were finally identified. To estimate the pooled risk ratios (RRs), fixed or random effect models were used depending on the heterogeneity. We initially found that an intrathecal catheter significantly reduced the incidence of PDPH (pooled RR = 0.823; 95% CI = 0.700–0.967; P = 0.018) and the requirement of a TEBP (pooled RR = 0.616; 95% CI = 0.443–0.855; P = 0.004). Our study shows that insertion of an intrathecal catheter following ADP might be an effective and dependable method for reducing the risk of a PDPH and requirement for a TEBP in obstetric patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiali Deng
- Department of Anesthesia, Jiaxing Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lizhong Wang
- Department of Anesthesia, Jiaxing Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yinfa Zhang
- Department of Anesthesia, Jiaxing Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiangyang Chang
- Department of Anesthesia, Jiaxing Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xingjie Ma
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, First Hospital of Jiaxing, School of Medicine, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, Zhejiang, China
- * E-mail:
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