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Solorio-Rodriguez SA, Williams A, Poulsen SS, Knudsen KB, Jensen KA, Clausen PA, Danielsen PH, Wallin H, Vogel U, Halappanavar S. Single-Walled vs. Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes: Influence of Physico-Chemical Properties on Toxicogenomics Responses in Mouse Lungs. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:nano13061059. [PMID: 36985953 PMCID: PMC10057402 DOI: 10.3390/nano13061059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) are nanomaterials with one or multiple layers of carbon sheets. While it is suggested that various properties influence their toxicity, the specific mechanisms are not completely known. This study was aimed to determine if single or multi-walled structures and surface functionalization influence pulmonary toxicity and to identify the underlying mechanisms of toxicity. Female C57BL/6J BomTac mice were exposed to a single dose of 6, 18, or 54 μg/mouse of twelve SWCNTs or MWCNTs of different properties. Neutrophil influx and DNA damage were assessed on days 1 and 28 post-exposure. Genome microarrays and various bioinformatics and statistical methods were used to identify the biological processes, pathways and functions altered post-exposure to CNTs. All CNTs were ranked for their potency to induce transcriptional perturbation using benchmark dose modelling. All CNTs induced tissue inflammation. MWCNTs were more genotoxic than SWCNTs. Transcriptomics analysis showed similar responses across CNTs at the pathway level at the high dose, which included the perturbation of inflammatory, cellular stress, metabolism, and DNA damage responses. Of all CNTs, one pristine SWCNT was found to be the most potent and potentially fibrogenic, so it should be prioritized for further toxicity testing.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Andrew Williams
- Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON K1A0K9, Canada; (S.A.S.-R.); (A.W.)
| | - Sarah Søs Poulsen
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark; (S.S.P.); (K.B.K.); (K.A.J.); (P.A.C.); (P.H.D.); (H.W.); (U.V.)
| | - Kristina Bram Knudsen
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark; (S.S.P.); (K.B.K.); (K.A.J.); (P.A.C.); (P.H.D.); (H.W.); (U.V.)
| | - Keld Alstrup Jensen
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark; (S.S.P.); (K.B.K.); (K.A.J.); (P.A.C.); (P.H.D.); (H.W.); (U.V.)
| | - Per Axel Clausen
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark; (S.S.P.); (K.B.K.); (K.A.J.); (P.A.C.); (P.H.D.); (H.W.); (U.V.)
| | - Pernille Høgh Danielsen
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark; (S.S.P.); (K.B.K.); (K.A.J.); (P.A.C.); (P.H.D.); (H.W.); (U.V.)
| | - Håkan Wallin
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark; (S.S.P.); (K.B.K.); (K.A.J.); (P.A.C.); (P.H.D.); (H.W.); (U.V.)
- Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, 1353 Copenhagen, Denmark
- National Institute of Occupational Health, 0304 Oslo, Norway
| | - Ulla Vogel
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark; (S.S.P.); (K.B.K.); (K.A.J.); (P.A.C.); (P.H.D.); (H.W.); (U.V.)
| | - Sabina Halappanavar
- Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON K1A0K9, Canada; (S.A.S.-R.); (A.W.)
- Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada
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2
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Kodali V, Afshari A, Meighan T, McKinney W, Mazumder MHH, Majumder N, Cumpston JL, Leonard HD, Cumpston JB, Friend S, Leonard SS, Erdely A, Zeidler-Erdely PC, Hussain S, Lee EG, Antonini JM. In vivo and in vitro toxicity of a stainless-steel aerosol generated during thermal spray coating. Arch Toxicol 2022; 96:3201-3217. [PMID: 35984461 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-022-03362-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Thermal spray coating is an industrial process in which molten metal is sprayed at high velocity onto a surface as a protective coating. An automated electric arc wire thermal spray coating aerosol generator and inhalation exposure system was developed to simulate an occupational exposure and, using this system, male Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed to stainless steel PMET720 aerosols at 25 mg/m3 × 4 h/day × 9 day. Lung injury, inflammation, and cytokine alteration were determined. Resolution was assessed by evaluating these parameters at 1, 7, 14 and 28 d after exposure. The aerosols generated were also collected and characterized. Macrophages were exposed in vitro over a wide dose range (0-200 µg/ml) to determine cytotoxicity and to screen for known mechanisms of toxicity. Welding fumes were used as comparative particulate controls. In vivo lung damage, inflammation and alteration in cytokines were observed 1 day post exposure and this response resolved by day 7. Alveolar macrophages retained the particulates even after 28 day post-exposure. In line with the pulmonary toxicity findings, in vitro cytotoxicity and membrane damage in macrophages were observed only at the higher doses. Electron paramagnetic resonance showed in an acellular environment the particulate generated free radicals and a dose-dependent increase in intracellular oxidative stress and NF-kB/AP-1 activity was observed. PMET720 particles were internalized via clathrin and caveolar mediated endocytosis as well as actin-dependent pinocytosis/phagocytosis. The results suggest that compared to stainless steel welding fumes, the PMET 720 aerosols were not as overtly toxic, and the animals recovered from the acute pulmonary injury by 7 days.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vamsi Kodali
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Health Effects Laboratory Division, 1000 Frederick Lane (Mailstop 2015), Morgantown, WV, 26508, USA.
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26506, USA.
| | - Aliakbar Afshari
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Health Effects Laboratory Division, 1000 Frederick Lane (Mailstop 2015), Morgantown, WV, 26508, USA
| | - Terence Meighan
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Health Effects Laboratory Division, 1000 Frederick Lane (Mailstop 2015), Morgantown, WV, 26508, USA
| | - Walter McKinney
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Health Effects Laboratory Division, 1000 Frederick Lane (Mailstop 2015), Morgantown, WV, 26508, USA
| | - Md Habibul Hasan Mazumder
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26506, USA
- Center for Inhalation Toxicology (iTOX), School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26506, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26506, USA
| | - Nairrita Majumder
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26506, USA
- Center for Inhalation Toxicology (iTOX), School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26506, USA
| | - Jared L Cumpston
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Health Effects Laboratory Division, 1000 Frederick Lane (Mailstop 2015), Morgantown, WV, 26508, USA
| | - Howard D Leonard
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Health Effects Laboratory Division, 1000 Frederick Lane (Mailstop 2015), Morgantown, WV, 26508, USA
| | - James B Cumpston
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Health Effects Laboratory Division, 1000 Frederick Lane (Mailstop 2015), Morgantown, WV, 26508, USA
| | - Sherri Friend
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Health Effects Laboratory Division, 1000 Frederick Lane (Mailstop 2015), Morgantown, WV, 26508, USA
| | - Stephen S Leonard
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Health Effects Laboratory Division, 1000 Frederick Lane (Mailstop 2015), Morgantown, WV, 26508, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26506, USA
| | - Aaron Erdely
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Health Effects Laboratory Division, 1000 Frederick Lane (Mailstop 2015), Morgantown, WV, 26508, USA
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26506, USA
- Center for Inhalation Toxicology (iTOX), School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26506, USA
| | - Patti C Zeidler-Erdely
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Health Effects Laboratory Division, 1000 Frederick Lane (Mailstop 2015), Morgantown, WV, 26508, USA
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26506, USA
- Center for Inhalation Toxicology (iTOX), School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26506, USA
| | - Salik Hussain
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26506, USA
- Center for Inhalation Toxicology (iTOX), School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26506, USA
| | - Eun Gyung Lee
- Respiratory Health Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, WV, 26505, USA
| | - James M Antonini
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Health Effects Laboratory Division, 1000 Frederick Lane (Mailstop 2015), Morgantown, WV, 26508, USA
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26506, USA
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Endotyping asthma related to three different work exposures. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2021; 148:1072-1080. [PMID: 34331994 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2021.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Work exposures play a significant role in adult-onset asthma, but mechanisms of work-related asthma are not fully elucidated. OBJECTIVE We aimed to reveal the molecular mechanisms of work-related asthma associated with flour (FA), isocyanate (IA) or welding fume (WA) exposures and identify potential biomarkers that distinguish these groups from each other. METHODS We used a combination of clinical tests, transcriptomic analysis and associated pathway analyses to investigate underlying disease mechanisms of the blood immune cells and the airway epithelium of 61 men. RESULTS Compared to the healthy controls, the WA patients had more differentially expressed genes than the FA and IA patients both in the airway epithelia and in the blood immune cells. In the airway epithelia, active inflammation was detected only in WA patients. In contrast, large number of differentially expressed genes were detected in all asthma groups in blood cells. Disease-related immune functions in blood cells were suppressed in all the asthma groups including leukocyte migration and inflammatory responses and decreased expression of upstream cytokines such as TNF and IFNγ. In transcriptome-phenotype correlations, hyperresponsiveness (R∼|0.6|) had the highest clinical relevance and associated with a set of exposure-group specific genes. Finally, biomarker subsets of only 5 genes specifically distinguished each of the asthma exposure group. CONCLUSIONS This study provides novel data on the molecular mechanisms underlying work-related asthma. We identified set of 5 promising biomarkers in asthma related to flour, isocyanate and welding exposure to be tested and clinically validated in future studies.
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Boudjema J, Lima B, Grare C, Alleman LY, Rousset D, Perdrix E, Achour D, Anthérieu S, Platel A, Nesslany F, Leroyer A, Nisse C, Lo Guidice JM, Garçon G. Metal enriched quasi-ultrafine particles from stainless steel gas metal arc welding induced genetic and epigenetic alterations in BEAS-2B cells. NANOIMPACT 2021; 23:100346. [PMID: 35559847 DOI: 10.1016/j.impact.2021.100346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Recent evidence has supported welding fume (WF)-derived ultrafine particles (UFP) could be the driving force of their adverse health effects. However, UFP have not yet been extensively studied and are currently not included in present air quality standards/guidelines. Here, attention was focused on the underlying genetic and epigenetic mechanisms by which the quasi-UFP (Q-UFP, i.e., ≤ 0.25 μm) of the WF emitted by gas metal arc welding-stainless steel (GMAW-SS) exert their toxicity in human bronchial epithelial BEAS-2B cells. The Q-UFP under study showed a monomodal size distribution in number centered on 104.4 ± 52.3 nm and a zeta potential of -13.8 ± 0.3 mV. They were enriched in Fe > Cr > Mn > Si, and displayed a relatively high intrinsic oxidative potential. Dose-dependent activation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 and nuclear factor-kappa B signaling pathway, glutathione alteration, and DNA, protein and lipid oxidative damage were reported in BEAS-2B cells acutely (1.5 and 9 μg/cm2, 24 h) or repeatedly (0.25 and 1.5 μg/cm2, 3 × 24 h) exposed to Q-UFP (p < 0.05). Alterations of the Histone H3 acetylation were reported for any exposure (p < 0.05). Differentially regulated miRNA and mRNA indicated the activation of some critical cell signaling pathways related to oxidative stress, inflammation, and cell cycle deregulation towards apoptosis. Taken together, these results highlighted the urgent need to better evaluate the respective toxicity of the different metals and to include the Q-UFP fraction of WF in current air quality standards/guidelines relevant to the occupational settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Boudjema
- CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, ULR 4483-IMPacts de l'Environnement Chimique sur la Santé (IMPECS), Univ. Lille, Lille, France; Action Santé Travail, Aix-Noulette, France
| | - B Lima
- CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, ULR 4483-IMPacts de l'Environnement Chimique sur la Santé (IMPECS), Univ. Lille, Lille, France
| | - C Grare
- CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, ULR 4483-IMPacts de l'Environnement Chimique sur la Santé (IMPECS), Univ. Lille, Lille, France
| | - L Y Alleman
- IMT Lille Douai, Institut Mines-Télécom, Univ. Lille, Centre for Energy and Environment, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - D Rousset
- Institut National de Recherche et de Sécurité (INRS), Department of Pollutant Metrology, 54500 Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - E Perdrix
- IMT Lille Douai, Institut Mines-Télécom, Univ. Lille, Centre for Energy and Environment, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - D Achour
- CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, ULR 4483-IMPacts de l'Environnement Chimique sur la Santé (IMPECS), Univ. Lille, Lille, France
| | - S Anthérieu
- CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, ULR 4483-IMPacts de l'Environnement Chimique sur la Santé (IMPECS), Univ. Lille, Lille, France
| | - A Platel
- CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, ULR 4483-IMPacts de l'Environnement Chimique sur la Santé (IMPECS), Univ. Lille, Lille, France
| | - F Nesslany
- CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, ULR 4483-IMPacts de l'Environnement Chimique sur la Santé (IMPECS), Univ. Lille, Lille, France
| | - A Leroyer
- CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, ULR 4483-IMPacts de l'Environnement Chimique sur la Santé (IMPECS), Univ. Lille, Lille, France
| | - C Nisse
- CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, ULR 4483-IMPacts de l'Environnement Chimique sur la Santé (IMPECS), Univ. Lille, Lille, France
| | - J-M Lo Guidice
- CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, ULR 4483-IMPacts de l'Environnement Chimique sur la Santé (IMPECS), Univ. Lille, Lille, France
| | - G Garçon
- CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, ULR 4483-IMPacts de l'Environnement Chimique sur la Santé (IMPECS), Univ. Lille, Lille, France.
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5
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Kodali V, Shoeb M, Meighan TG, Eye T, Friend SA, Hubczak J, Kashon ML, Zeidler-Erdely PC, Antonini JM, Erdely A. Bioactivity of Circulatory Factors After Pulmonary Exposure to Mild or Stainless Steel Welding Fumes. Toxicol Sci 2020; 177:108-120. [PMID: 32514565 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfaa084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies suggest that alterations in circulating factors are a driver of pulmonary-induced cardiovascular dysfunction. To evaluate, if circulating factors effect endothelial function after a pulmonary exposure to welding fumes, an exposure known to induce cardiovascular dysfunction, serum collected from Sprague Dawley rats 24 h after an intratracheal instillation exposure to 2 mg/rat of 2 compositionally distinct metal-rich welding fume particulates (manual metal arc welding using stainless steel electrodes [MMA-SS] or gas metal arc welding using mild steel electrodes [GMA-MS]) or saline was used to test molecular and functional effects of in vitro cultures of primary cardiac microvascular endothelial cells (PCMEs) or ex vivo organ cultures. The welding fumes elicited significant pulmonary injury and inflammation with only minor changes in measured serum antioxidant and cytokine levels. PCME cells were challenged for 4 h with serum collected from exposed rats, and 84 genes related to endothelial function were analyzed. Changes in relative mRNA patterns indicated that serum from rats exposed to MMA-SS, and not GMA-MS or PBS, could influence several functional aspects related to endothelial cells, including cell migration, angiogenesis, inflammation, and vascular function. The predictions were confirmed using a functional in vitro assay (scratch assay) as well as an ex vivo multicellular environment (aortic ring angiogenesis assay), validating the concept that endothelial cells can be used as an effective screening tool of exposed workers for determining bioactivity of altered circulatory factors. Overall, the results indicate that pulmonary MMA-SS fume exposure can cause altered endothelial function systemically via altered circulating factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vamsi Kodali
- Health Effects Laboratory Division, NIOSH, Morgantown, West Virginia 26505-2888
| | - Mohammad Shoeb
- Health Effects Laboratory Division, NIOSH, Morgantown, West Virginia 26505-2888
| | - Terence G Meighan
- Health Effects Laboratory Division, NIOSH, Morgantown, West Virginia 26505-2888
| | - Tracy Eye
- Health Effects Laboratory Division, NIOSH, Morgantown, West Virginia 26505-2888
| | - Sherri A Friend
- Health Effects Laboratory Division, NIOSH, Morgantown, West Virginia 26505-2888
| | - John Hubczak
- Health Effects Laboratory Division, NIOSH, Morgantown, West Virginia 26505-2888
| | - Michael L Kashon
- Health Effects Laboratory Division, NIOSH, Morgantown, West Virginia 26505-2888
| | | | - James M Antonini
- Health Effects Laboratory Division, NIOSH, Morgantown, West Virginia 26505-2888
| | - Aaron Erdely
- Health Effects Laboratory Division, NIOSH, Morgantown, West Virginia 26505-2888
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Welding Fumes, a Risk Factor for Lung Diseases. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17072552. [PMID: 32276440 PMCID: PMC7177922 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17072552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Revised: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
(1) Background: Welding fumes (WFs) are composed of fine and ultrafine particles, which may reach the distal airways and represent a risk factor for respiratory diseases. (2) Methods: In vitro and in vivo studies to understand WFs pathogenesis were selected. Epidemiological studies, original articles, review, and meta-analysis to examine solely respiratory disease in welders were included. A systematic literature search, using PubMed, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health Technical Information Center (NIOSHTIC), and Web of Science databases, was performed. (3) Results: Dose, time of exposure, and composition of WFs affect lung injury. Inflammation, lung defense suppression, oxidative stress, DNA damage, and genotoxic effects were observed after exposure both to mild and stainless steel WFs. (4) Conclusions: The detection of lung diseases associated with specific occupational exposure is crucial as complete avoidance or reduction of the exposure is difficult to achieve. Further studies in the area of particle research may aid the understanding of mechanisms involved in welding-related lung disease and to expand knowledge in welding-related cardiovascular diseases.
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Mostovenko E, Young T, Muldoon PP, Bishop L, Canal CG, Vucetic A, Zeidler-Erdely PC, Erdely A, Campen MJ, Ottens AK. Nanoparticle exposure driven circulating bioactive peptidome causes systemic inflammation and vascular dysfunction. Part Fibre Toxicol 2019; 16:20. [PMID: 31142334 PMCID: PMC6542040 DOI: 10.1186/s12989-019-0304-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2018] [Accepted: 05/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The mechanisms driving systemic effects consequent pulmonary nanoparticle exposure remain unclear. Recent work has established the existence of an indirect process by which factors released from the lung into the circulation promote systemic inflammation and cellular dysfunction, particularly on the vasculature. However, the composition of circulating contributing factors and how they are produced remains unknown. Evidence suggests matrix protease involvement; thus, here we used a well-characterized multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) oropharyngeal aspiration model with known vascular effects to assess the distinct contribution of nanoparticle-induced peptide fragments in driving systemic pathobiology. Results Data-independent mass spectrometry enabled the unbiased quantitative characterization of 841 significant MWCNT-responses within an enriched peptide fraction, with 567 of these factors demonstrating significant correlation across animal-paired bronchoalveolar lavage and serum biofluids. A database search curated for known matrix protease substrates and predicted signaling motifs enabled identification of 73 MWCNT-responsive peptides, which were significantly associated with an abnormal cardiovascular phenotype, extracellular matrix organization, immune-inflammatory processes, cell receptor signaling, and a MWCNT-altered serum exosome population. Production of a diverse peptidomic response was supported by a wide number of upregulated matrix and lysosomal proteases in the lung after MWCNT exposure. The peptide fraction was then found bioactive, producing endothelial cell inflammation and vascular dysfunction ex vivo akin to that induced with whole serum. Results implicate receptor ligand functionality in driving systemic effects, exemplified by an identified 59-mer thrombospondin fragment, replete with CD36 modulatory motifs, that when synthesized produced an anti-angiogenic response in vitro matching that of the peptide fraction. Other identified peptides point to integrin ligand functionality and more broadly to a diversity of receptor-mediated bioactivity induced by the peptidomic response to nanoparticle exposure. Conclusion The present study demonstrates that pulmonary-sequestered nanoparticles, such as multi-walled carbon nanotubes, acutely upregulate a diverse profile of matrix proteases, and induce a complex peptidomic response across lung and blood compartments. The serum peptide fraction, having cell-surface receptor ligand properties, conveys peripheral bioactivity in promoting endothelial cell inflammation, vasodilatory dysfunction and inhibiting angiogenesis. Results here establish peptide fragments as indirect, non-cytokine mediators and putative biomarkers of systemic health outcomes from nanoparticle exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina Mostovenko
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Box 980709, Richmond, VA, 23298-0709, USA
| | - Tamara Young
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA
| | - Pretal P Muldoon
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Box 980709, Richmond, VA, 23298-0709, USA
| | - Lindsey Bishop
- Pathology and Physiology Research Branch, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, WV, 26505, USA
| | - Christopher G Canal
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Box 980709, Richmond, VA, 23298-0709, USA
| | - Aleksandar Vucetic
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Box 980709, Richmond, VA, 23298-0709, USA
| | - Patti C Zeidler-Erdely
- Pathology and Physiology Research Branch, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, WV, 26505, USA
| | - Aaron Erdely
- Pathology and Physiology Research Branch, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, WV, 26505, USA
| | - Matthew J Campen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA
| | - Andrew K Ottens
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Box 980709, Richmond, VA, 23298-0709, USA.
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8
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Rana HK, Akhtar MR, Islam MB, Ahmed MB, Liò P, Quinn JMW, Huq F, Moni MA. Genetic effects of welding fumes on the development of respiratory system diseases. Comput Biol Med 2019; 108:142-149. [PMID: 31005006 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2019.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2019] [Revised: 04/03/2019] [Accepted: 04/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The welding process releases potentially hazardous gases and fumes, mainly composed of metallic oxides, fluorides and silicates. Long term welding fume (WF) inhalation is a recognized health issue that carries a risk of developing chronic health problems, particularly respiratory system diseases (RSDs). Aside from general airway irritation, WF exposure may drive direct cellular responses in the respiratory system which increase risk of RSD, but these are not well understood. METHODS We developed a quantitative framework to identify gene expression effects of WF exposure that may affect RSD development. We analyzed gene expression microarray data from WF-exposed tissues and RSD-affected tissues, including chronic bronchitis (CB), asthma (AS), pulmonary edema (PE), lung cancer (LC) datasets. We built disease-gene (diseasome) association networks and identified dysregulated signaling and ontological pathways, and protein-protein interaction sub-network using neighborhood-based benchmarking and multilayer network topology. RESULTS We observed many genes with altered expression in WF-exposed tissues were also among differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in RSD tissues; for CB, AS, PE and LC there were 34, 27, 50 and 26 genes respectively. DEG analysis, using disease association networks, pathways, ontological analysis and protein-protein interaction sub-network suggest significant links between WF exposure and the development of CB, AS, PE and LC. CONCLUSIONS Our network-based analysis and investigation of the genetic links of WFs and RSDs confirm a number of genes and gene products are plausible participants in RSD development. Our results are a significant resource to identify causal influences on the development of RSDs, particularly in the context of WF exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Humayan Kabir Rana
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Green University of Bangladesh, Bangladesh
| | - Mst Rashida Akhtar
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Varendra University, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
| | - M Babul Islam
- Department of Applied Physics and Electronic Engineering, University of Rajshahi, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammad Boshir Ahmed
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - Pietro Liò
- Computer Laboratory, The University of Cambridge, 15 JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge, UK
| | - Julian M W Quinn
- Bone Biology Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia
| | - Fazlul Huq
- Discipline of Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Australia
| | - Mohammad Ali Moni
- Bone Biology Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia; Discipline of Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Australia.
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Audureau É, Simon-Deckers A, Franco-Montoya ML, Annangi B, Kermanizadeh A, Boczkowski J, Lanone S. Substantial modification of the gene expression profile following exposure of macrophages to welding-related nanoparticles. Sci Rep 2018; 8:8554. [PMID: 29867105 PMCID: PMC5986907 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-26988-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2017] [Accepted: 05/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Anthropic nanoparticles (NP) are increasingly produced and emitted, with accompanying concerns for human health. Currently there is no global understanding as to the exact mechanistics of NP toxicity, as the traditional nanotoxicological approaches only provide a restricted overview. To address this issue, we performed an in-depth transcriptomic analysis of human macrophages exposed to a panel of welding-related metal oxide NP that we previously identified in welders lungs (Fe2O3, Fe3O4, MnFe2O4 and CrOOH NP). Utilizing the specified analysis criteria (|fold change| ≥1.5, p ≤ 0.001), a total of 2164 genes were identified to be differentially expressed after THP-1 macrophage exposure to the different NP. Performing Gene Ontology enrichment analysis, for cellular content, biological processes and Swiss-Prot/Protein Information Resource keywords the data show for the first time a profound modification of gene differential expression in response to the different NP, among which MnFe2O4 NP were the most potent to induce THP-1 macrophage activation. The transcriptomic analysis utilized in the study, provides novel insights into mechanisms that could contribute to NP-induced adverse effects and support the need for widened approaches to supplement existing knowledge of the processes underlying NP toxicity which would have not been possible using traditional nanotoxicological studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Étienne Audureau
- Université Paris Est-Créteil, DHU A-TVB, IRMB- EA 7376 CEpiA (Clinical Epidemiology And Ageing Unit), Créteil, F-94010, France.,AP-HP, Hôpital Henri-Mondor, Service de Santé Publique, Créteil, F-94010, France
| | | | | | | | - Ali Kermanizadeh
- INSERM, U955, Equipe 4, Créteil, F-94000, France.,University of Copenhagen, Department of Public Health, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jorge Boczkowski
- INSERM, U955, Equipe 4, Créteil, F-94000, France.,Université Paris Est-Créteil, Faculté de Médecine, Créteil, F-94000, France.,DHU A-TVB, Service d'explorations fonctionnelles respiratoires, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpitaux Universitaires Henri Mondor, Créteil, F-94000, France
| | - Sophie Lanone
- INSERM, U955, Equipe 4, Créteil, F-94000, France. .,Université Paris Est-Créteil, Faculté de Médecine, Créteil, F-94000, France.
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Shoeb M, Kodali V, Farris B, Bishop LM, Meighan T, Salmen R, Eye T, Roberts JR, Zeidler-Erdely P, Erdely A, Antonini JM. Evaluation of the molecular mechanisms associated with cytotoxicity and inflammation after pulmonary exposure to different metal-rich welding particles. Nanotoxicology 2017; 11:725-736. [PMID: 28660804 PMCID: PMC6324175 DOI: 10.1080/17435390.2017.1349200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Welding generates a complex aerosol of incidental nanoparticles and cytotoxic metals, such as chromium (Cr), manganese (Mn), nickel (Ni), and iron (Fe). The goal was to use both in vivo and in vitro methodologies to determine the mechanisms by which different welding fumes may damage the lungs. Sprague-Dawley rats were treated by intratracheal instillation (ITI) with 2.0 mg of gas metal arc-mild steel (GMA-MS) or manual metal arc-stainless steel (MMA-SS) fumes or saline (vehicle control). At 1, 3, and 10 days, bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) was performed to measure lung toxicity. To assess molecular mechanisms of cytotoxicity, RAW264.7 cells were exposed to both welding fumes for 24 h (0-100 μg/ml). Fume composition was different: MMA-SS (41% Fe, 29% Cr, 17% Mn, 3% Ni) versus GMA-MS (85% Fe, 14% Mn). BAL indicators of lung injury and inflammation were increased by MMA-SS at all time points and by GMA-MS at 3 and 10 days after exposure. RAW264.7 cells exposed to MMA-SS had elevated generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), protein-HNE (P-HNE) adduct formation, activation of ERK1/2, and expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) compared to GMA-MS and control. Increased generation of ROS due to MMA-SS exposure was confirmed by increased expression of Nrf2 and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1). Results of in vitro studies provide evidence that stainless steel welding fume mediate inflammatory responses via activation of ROS/P-HNE/ERK1/2/Nrf2 signaling pathways. These findings were corroborated by elevated expression of COX-2, Nrf2, and HO-1 in homogenized lung tissue collected 1 day after in vivo exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Shoeb
- a Health Effects Laboratory Division , National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health , Morgantown , WV , USA
| | - Vamsi Kodali
- a Health Effects Laboratory Division , National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health , Morgantown , WV , USA
| | - Breanne Farris
- a Health Effects Laboratory Division , National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health , Morgantown , WV , USA
| | - Lindsey M Bishop
- a Health Effects Laboratory Division , National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health , Morgantown , WV , USA
| | - Terence Meighan
- a Health Effects Laboratory Division , National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health , Morgantown , WV , USA
| | - Rebecca Salmen
- a Health Effects Laboratory Division , National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health , Morgantown , WV , USA
| | - Tracy Eye
- a Health Effects Laboratory Division , National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health , Morgantown , WV , USA
| | - Jenny R Roberts
- a Health Effects Laboratory Division , National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health , Morgantown , WV , USA
| | - Patti Zeidler-Erdely
- a Health Effects Laboratory Division , National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health , Morgantown , WV , USA
| | - Aaron Erdely
- a Health Effects Laboratory Division , National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health , Morgantown , WV , USA
| | - James M Antonini
- a Health Effects Laboratory Division , National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health , Morgantown , WV , USA
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11
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Shatkin JA, Oberdörster G. Comment on Shvedova et al. (2016), "gender differences in murine pulmonary responses elicited by cellulose nanocrystals". Part Fibre Toxicol 2016; 13:59. [PMID: 27814761 PMCID: PMC5096324 DOI: 10.1186/s12989-016-0170-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2016] [Accepted: 10/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A recent publication in “Particle and Fibre Toxicology” reported on the gender differences in pulmonary toxicity from oro-pharyngeal aspiration of a high dose of cellulose nanocrystals. The study is timely given the growing interest in diverse commercial applications of cellulose nanomaterials, and the need for studies addressing pulmonary toxicity. The results from this study are interesting and can be strengthened with a discussion of how differences in the weights of female and male C57BL/6 mice was accounted for. Without such a discussion, the observed differences could be partially explained by the lower body weights of females, resulting in higher doses than males when standardized to body weight or lung volume. Further, few conclusions can be drawn about the pulmonary toxicity of cellulose nanocrystals given the study design: examination of a single high dose of cellulose nanocrystals, administered as a bolus, without positive or negative controls or low dose comparisons, and at an unphysiological and high dose rate. Simulating the bolus type delivery by inhalation would require a highly unrealistic exposure concentration in the g/m3 range of extremely short duration. A discussion of these limitations is missing in the paper; further speculative comparisons of cellulose nanocrystals toxicity to asbestos and carbon nanotubes in the abstract are both unwarranted and can be misleading, these materials were neither mentioned in the manuscript, nor evaluated in the study.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Günter Oberdörster
- University of Rochester, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA
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12
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Nikota J, Williams A, Yauk CL, Wallin H, Vogel U, Halappanavar S. Meta-analysis of transcriptomic responses as a means to identify pulmonary disease outcomes for engineered nanomaterials. Part Fibre Toxicol 2016; 13:25. [PMID: 27169501 PMCID: PMC4865099 DOI: 10.1186/s12989-016-0137-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2016] [Accepted: 05/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The increasing use of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) of varying physical and chemical characteristics poses a great challenge for screening and assessing the potential pathology induced by these materials, necessitating novel toxicological approaches. Toxicogenomics measures changes in mRNA levels in cells and tissues following exposure to toxic substances. The resulting information on altered gene expression profiles, associated pathways, and the doses at which these changes occur, are used to identify the underlying mechanisms of toxicity and to predict disease outcomes. We evaluated the applicability of toxicogenomics data in identifying potential lung-specific (genomic datasets are currently available from experiments where mice have been exposed to various ENMs through this common route of exposure) disease outcomes following exposure to ENMs. Methods Seven toxicogenomics studies describing mouse pulmonary responses over time following intra-tracheal exposure to increasing doses of carbon nanotubes (CNTs), carbon black, and titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles of varying properties were examined to understand underlying mechanisms of toxicity. mRNA profiles from these studies were compared to the publicly available datasets of 15 other mouse models of lung injury/diseases induced by various agents including bleomycin, ovalbumin, TNFα, lipopolysaccharide, bacterial infection, and welding fumes to delineate the implications of ENM-perturbed biological processes to disease pathogenesis in lungs. Results The meta-analysis revealed two distinct clusters—one driven by TiO2 and the other by CNTs. Unsupervised clustering of the genes showing significant expression changes revealed that CNT response clustered with bleomycin injury and bacterial infection models, both of which are known to induce lung fibrosis, in a post-exposure-time dependent manner, irrespective of the CNT’s physical-chemical properties. TiO2 samples clustered separately from CNTs and disease models. Conclusions These results indicate that in the absence of apical toxicity data, a tiered strategy beginning with short term, in vivo tissue transcriptomics profiling can effectively and efficiently screen new ENMs that have a higher probability of inducing pulmonary pathogenesis. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12989-016-0137-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jake Nikota
- Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON, K1A 0K9, Canada
| | - Andrew Williams
- Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON, K1A 0K9, Canada
| | - Carole L Yauk
- Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON, K1A 0K9, Canada
| | - Håkan Wallin
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Lerso Parkallé 105, Copenhagen, DK-2100, Denmark.,Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen K, DK-1353, Denmark
| | - Ulla Vogel
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Lerso Parkallé 105, Copenhagen, DK-2100, Denmark.,Department of Micro- and Nanotechnology, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Kgs., Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Sabina Halappanavar
- Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON, K1A 0K9, Canada.
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13
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Pan CH, Chuang KJ, Chen JK, Hsiao TC, Lai CH, Jones TP, BéruBé KA, Hong GB, Ho KF, Chuang HC. Characterization of pulmonary protein profiles in response to zinc oxide nanoparticles in mice: a 24-hour and 28-day follow-up study. Int J Nanomedicine 2015; 10:4705-16. [PMID: 26251593 PMCID: PMC4524458 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s82979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Although zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs) are recognized to cause systemic disorders, little is known about the mechanisms that underlie the time-dependent differences that occur after exposure. The objective of this study was to investigate the mechanistic differences at 24 hours and 28 days after the exposure of BALB/c mice to ZnONPs via intratracheal instillation. An isobaric tag for the relative and absolute quantitation coupled with liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry was used to identify the differential protein expression, biological processes, molecular functions, and pathways. A total of 18 and 14 proteins displayed significant changes in the lung tissues at 24 hours and 28 days after exposure, respectively, with the most striking changes being observed for S100-A9 protein. Metabolic processes and catalytic activity were the main biological processes and molecular functions, respectively, in the responses at the 24-hour and 28-day follow-up times. The glycolysis/gluconeogenesis pathway was continuously downregulated from 24 hours to 28 days, whereas detoxification pathways were activated at the 28-day time-point after exposure. A comprehensive understanding of the potential time-dependent effects of exposure to ZnONPs was provided, which highlights the metabolic mechanisms that may be important in the responses to ZnONP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Hong Pan
- Institute of Occupational Safety and Health, Council of Labor Affairs, Executive Yuan, Taiwan ; School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kai-Jen Chuang
- School of Public Health, College of Public Health and Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan ; Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jen-Kun Chen
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Ta-Chih Hsiao
- Graduate Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Central University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Huang Lai
- School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tim P Jones
- School of Earth and Ocean Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, UK
| | - Kelly A BéruBé
- School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, UK
| | - Gui-Bing Hong
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kin-Fai Ho
- Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China ; Shenzhen Municipal Key Laboratory for Health Risk Analysis, Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Hsiao-Chi Chuang
- School of Respiratory Therapy, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan ; Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
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14
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Lu X, Miousse IR, Pirela SV, Melnyk S, Koturbash I, Demokritou P. Short-term exposure to engineered nanomaterials affects cellular epigenome. Nanotoxicology 2015; 10:140-50. [PMID: 25938281 DOI: 10.3109/17435390.2015.1025115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Extensive incorporation of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) into industrial and biomedical applications increases the risks of exposure to these potentially hazardous materials. While the geno- and cytotoxic effects of ENMs have been investigated, the potential of ENMs to target the cellular epigenome remains largely unknown. Our goal was to determine whether industry relevant ENMs can affect the epigenome at low cytotoxic doses. A panel of cells relevant to inhalation exposures such as human and murine macrophages (THP-1 and RAW264.7, respectively) and human small airway epithelial cells (SAEC) were exposed to printer-emitted engineered nanoparticles (PEPs), mild steel welding fumes (MS-WF), copper oxide (CuO) and titanium dioxide nanoparticles. Toxicological effects, including cytotoxicity, oxidative stress and inflammatory responses were assessed, taking into consideration in vitro dosimetry. The effects of ENMs on cellular epigenome were determined by addressing the global and transposable elements (TEs)-associated DNA methylation and expression of DNA methylation machinery and TEs. The percentage of ENMs-induced cytotoxicity for all cell lines was in the range of 0-15%. Oxidative stress was evident in SAEC after exposure to PEPs and in THP-1 when exposed to CuO. In addition, exposure to ENMs resulted in modest alterations in DNA methylation of two most abundant TEs in mammalian genomes, LINE-1 and Alu/SINE, their transcriptional reactivation, and decreased expression of DNA methylation machinery in a cell-, dose- and ENM-dependent manner. These results indicate that exposure to ENMs at environmentally relevant concentrations, aside from the geno- and cytotoxic effects, can also affect the epigenome of target cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Lu
- a Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology , Department of Environmental Health , Harvard School of Public Health , Boston , MA , USA
| | - Isabelle R Miousse
- b Department of Environmental and Occupational Health , College of Public Health, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences , Little Rock , AR , USA , and
| | - Sandra V Pirela
- a Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology , Department of Environmental Health , Harvard School of Public Health , Boston , MA , USA
| | - Stepan Melnyk
- c Department of Pediatrics , University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences , Little Rock , AR , USA
| | - Igor Koturbash
- b Department of Environmental and Occupational Health , College of Public Health, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences , Little Rock , AR , USA , and
| | - Philip Demokritou
- a Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology , Department of Environmental Health , Harvard School of Public Health , Boston , MA , USA
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15
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16
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Afshari A, Zeidler-Erdely PC, McKinney W, Chen BT, Jackson M, Schwegler-Berry D, Friend S, Cumpston A, Cumpston JL, Donny Leonard H, Meighan TG, Frazer DG, Antonini JM. Development and characterization of a resistance spot welding aerosol generator and inhalation exposure system. Inhal Toxicol 2014; 26:708-19. [DOI: 10.3109/08958378.2014.941118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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17
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Erdely A, Antonini JM, Young SH, Kashon ML, Gu JK, Hulderman T, Salmen R, Meighan T, Roberts JR, Zeidler-Erdely PC. Oxidative stress and reduced responsiveness of challenged circulating leukocytes following pulmonary instillation of metal-rich particulate matter in rats. Part Fibre Toxicol 2014; 11:34. [PMID: 25123171 PMCID: PMC4151022 DOI: 10.1186/s12989-014-0034-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2014] [Accepted: 07/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Welding fume is an exposure that consists of a mixture of metal-rich particulate matter with gases (ozone, carbon monoxide) and/or vapors (VOCs). Data suggests that welders are immune compromised. Given the inability of pulmonary leukocytes to properly respond to a secondary infection in animal models, the question arose whether the dysfunction persisted systemically. Our aim was to evaluate the circulating leukocyte population in terms of cellular activation, presence of oxidative stress, and functionality after a secondary challenge, following welding fume exposure. Rats were intratracheally instilled (ITI) with PBS or 2 mg of welding fume collected from a stainless steel weld. Rats were sacrificed 4 and 24 h post-exposure and whole blood was collected. Whole blood was used for cellular differential counts, RNA isolation with subsequent microarray and Ingenuity Pathway Analysis, and secondary stimulation with LPS utilizing TruCulture technology. In addition, mononuclear cells were isolated 24 h post-exposure to measure oxidative stress by flow cytometry and confocal microscopy. Welding fume exposure had rapid effects on the circulating leukocyte population as identified by relative mRNA expression changes. Instillation of welding fume reduced inflammatory protein production of circulating leukocytes when challenged with the secondary stimulus LPS. The effects were not related to transcription, but were observed in conjunction with oxidative stress. These findings support previous studies of an inadequate pulmonary immune response following a metal-rich exposure and extend those findings showing leukocyte dysfunction occurs systemically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron Erdely
- Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown 26505, WV, USA.
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18
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Lee V, McMahan RS, Hu X, Gao X, Faustman EM, Griffith WC, Kavanagh TJ, Eaton DL, McGuire JK, Parks WC. Amphiphilic polymer-coated CdSe/ZnS quantum dots induce pro-inflammatory cytokine expression in mouse lung epithelial cells and macrophages. Nanotoxicology 2014; 9:336-43. [PMID: 24983898 DOI: 10.3109/17435390.2014.930532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Quantum dots (Qdots) are semiconductor nanoparticles with size-tunable fluorescence capabilities with diverse applications. Qdots typically contain cadmium or other heavy metals, hence raising concerns of their potential toxicity, especially in occupational settings where inhalation of nanomaterials may increase the risk of lung disease. Accordingly, we assessed the effects of tri-n-octylphosphine oxide, poly(maleic anhydride-alt-1-tetradecene) (TOPO-PMAT) coated CdSe/ZnS Qdots on mouse lung epithelial cells and macrophages. Mouse tracheal epithelial cells (MTEC), grown as organotypic cultures, bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDM), and primary alveolar macrophages (AM) were derived from C57BL/6J or A/J mice and treated with TOPO-PMAT CdSe/ZnS Qdots (10-160 nM) for up to 24 h. Cadmium analysis showed that Qdots remained in the apical compartment of MTEC cultures, whereas they were avidly internalized by AM and BMDM, which did not differ between strains. In MTEC, Qdots selectively induced expression (mRNA and protein) of neutrophil chemokines CXCL1 and CXCL2 but only low to no detectable levels of other factors assessed. In contrast, 4 h exposure to Qdots markedly increased expression of CXCL1, IL6, IL12, and other pro-inflammatory factors in BMDM. Higher inflammatory response was seen in C57BL/6J than in A/J BMDM. Similar expression responses were observed in AM, although overall levels were less robust than in BMDM. MTEC from A/J mice were more sensitive to Qdot pro-inflammatory effects while macrophages from C57BL/6J mice were more sensitive. These findings suggest that patterns of Qdot-induced pulmonary inflammation are likely to be cell-type specific and genetic background dependent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivian Lee
- Center for Lung Biology, University of Washington , Seattle, WA , United States
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Zeidler-Erdely PC, Meighan TG, Erdely A, Battelli LA, Kashon ML, Keane M, Antonini JM. Lung tumor promotion by chromium-containing welding particulate matter in a mouse model. Part Fibre Toxicol 2013; 10:45. [PMID: 24107379 PMCID: PMC3774220 DOI: 10.1186/1743-8977-10-45] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2013] [Accepted: 09/03/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epidemiology suggests that occupational exposure to welding particulate matter (PM) may increase lung cancer risk. However, animal studies are lacking to conclusively link welding with an increased risk. PM derived from stainless steel (SS) welding contains carcinogenic metals such as hexavalent chromium and nickel. We hypothesized that welding PM may act as a tumor promoter and increase lung tumor multiplicity in vivo. Therefore, the capacity of chromium-containing gas metal arc (GMA)-SS welding PM to promote lung tumors was evaluated using a two-stage (initiation-promotion) model in lung tumor susceptible A/J mice. METHODS Male mice (n = 28-30/group) were treated either with the initiator 3-methylcholanthrene (MCA;10 μg/g; IP) or vehicle (corn oil) followed by 5 weekly pharyngeal aspirations of GMA-SS (340 or 680 μg/exposure) or PBS. Lung tumors were enumerated at 30 weeks post-initiation. RESULTS MCA initiation followed by GMA-SS welding PM exposure promoted tumor multiplicity in both the low (12.1 ± 1.5 tumors/mouse) and high (14.0 ± 1.8 tumors/mouse) exposure groups significantly above MCA/sham (4.77 ± 0.7 tumors/mouse; p = 0.0001). Multiplicity was also highly significant (p < 0.004) across all individual lung regions of GMA-SS-exposed mice. No exposure effects were found in the corn oil groups at 30 weeks. Histopathology confirmed the gross findings and revealed increased inflammation and a greater number of malignant lesions in the MCA/welding PM-exposed groups. CONCLUSIONS GMA-SS welding PM acts as a lung tumor promoter in vivo. Thus, this study provides animal evidence to support the epidemiological data that show welders have an increased lung cancer risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patti C Zeidler-Erdely
- Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 1095 Willowdale Road MS L2015, Morgantown, WV 26505, USA.
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Zeidler-Erdely PC, Erdely A, Antonini JM. Immunotoxicology of arc welding fume: worker and experimental animal studies. J Immunotoxicol 2012; 9:411-25. [PMID: 22734811 PMCID: PMC4696487 DOI: 10.3109/1547691x.2011.652783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Arc welding processes generate complex aerosols composed of potentially hazardous metal fumes and gases. Millions of workers worldwide are exposed to welding aerosols daily. A health effect of welding that is of concern to the occupational health community is the development of immune system dysfunction. Increased severity, frequency, and duration of upper and lower respiratory tract infections have been reported among welders. Specifically, multiple studies have observed an excess mortality from pneumonia in welders and workers exposed to metal fumes. Although several welder cohort and experimental animal studies investigating the adverse effects of welding fume exposure on immune function have been performed, the potential mechanisms responsible for these effects are limited. The objective of this report was to review both human and animal studies that have examined the effect of welding fume pulmonary exposure on local and systemic immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patti C Zeidler-Erdely
- Pathology and Physiology Research Branch, Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, WV 26505, USA
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Erdely A, Antonini JM, Salmen-Muniz R, Liston A, Hulderman T, Simeonova PP, Kashon ML, Li S, Gu JK, Stone S, Chen BT, Frazer DG, Zeidler-Erdely PC. Type I interferon and pattern recognition receptor signaling following particulate matter inhalation. Part Fibre Toxicol 2012; 9:25. [PMID: 22776377 PMCID: PMC3537608 DOI: 10.1186/1743-8977-9-25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2011] [Accepted: 06/21/2012] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Welding, a process that generates an aerosol containing gases and metal-rich particulates, induces adverse physiological effects including inflammation, immunosuppression and cardiovascular dysfunction. This study utilized microarray technology and subsequent pathway analysis as an exploratory search for markers/mechanisms of in vivo systemic effects following inhalation. Mice were exposed by inhalation to gas metal arc – stainless steel (GMA-SS) welding fume at 40 mg/m3 for 3 hr/d for 10 d and sacrificed 4 hr, 14 d and 28 d post-exposure. Whole blood cells, aorta and lung were harvested for global gene expression analysis with subsequent Ingenuity Pathway Analysis and confirmatory qRT-PCR. Serum was collected for protein profiling. Results The novel finding was a dominant type I interferon signaling network with the transcription factor Irf7 as a central component maintained through 28 d. Remarkably, these effects showed consistency across all tissues indicating a systemic type I interferon response that was complemented by changes in serum proteins (decreased MMP-9, CRP and increased VCAM1, oncostatin M, IP-10). In addition, pulmonary expression of interferon α and β and Irf7 specific pattern recognition receptors (PRR) and signaling molecules (Ddx58, Ifih1, Dhx58, ISGF3) were induced, an effect that showed specificity when compared to other inflammatory exposures. Also, a canonical pathway indicated a coordinated response of multiple PRR and associated signaling molecules (Tlr7, Tlr2, Clec7a, Nlrp3, Myd88) to inhalation of GMA-SS. Conclusion This methodological approach has the potential to identify consistent, prominent and/or novel pathways and provides insight into mechanisms that contribute to pulmonary and systemic effects following toxicant exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron Erdely
- Pathology and Physiology Research Branch, Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, WV, USA.
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Erdely A, Hulderman T, Salmen-Muniz R, Liston A, Zeidler-Erdely PC, Chen BT, Stone S, Frazer DG, Antonini JM, Simeonova PP. Inhalation exposure of gas-metal arc stainless steel welding fume increased atherosclerotic lesions in apolipoprotein E knockout mice. Toxicol Lett 2011; 204:12-6. [PMID: 21513782 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2011.03.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2011] [Revised: 03/28/2011] [Accepted: 03/29/2011] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Epidemiological studies suggest that welding, a process which generates an aerosol of inhalable gases and metal rich particulates, increases the risk for cardiovascular disease. In this study we analyzed systemic inflammation and atherosclerotic lesions following gas metal arc-stainless steel (GMA-SS) welding fume exposure. Apolipoprotein E knockout (apoE(-/-)) mice, fed a Western diet, were exposed to GMA-SS at 40mg/m(3) for 3h/day for ten days (∼8.26μg daily alveolar deposition). Mice were sacrificed two weeks after exposure and serum chemistry, serum protein profiling and aortic lesion area were determined. There were no significant changes in serum total cholesterol, triglycerides or alanine aminotransferase. Serum levels of uric acid, a potent antioxidant, were decreased perhaps suggesting a reduced capacity to combat systemic oxidative stress. Inflammatory serum proteins interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β) and monocyte chemoattractant protein 3 (MCP-3) were increased two weeks after GMA-SS exposure. Analysis of atherosclerotic plaques showed an increase in lesion area as the result of GMA-SS exposure. In conclusion, GMA-SS exposure showed evidence of systemic inflammation and increased plaque progression in apoE(-/-) mice. These results complement epidemiological and functional human studies that suggest welding may result in adverse cardiovascular effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron Erdely
- Pathology and Physiology Research Branch, Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, WV 26505-2888, United States
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