1
|
Kotlyar MJ, Krebs M, Solimando AG, Marquardt A, Burger M, Kübler H, Bargou R, Kneitz S, Otto W, Breyer J, Vergho DC, Kneitz B, Kalogirou C. Critical Evaluation of a microRNA-Based Risk Classifier Predicting Cancer-Specific Survival in Renal Cell Carcinoma with Tumor Thrombus of the Inferior Vena Cava. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15071981. [PMID: 37046643 PMCID: PMC10093292 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15071981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Clear cell renal cell carcinoma extending into the inferior vena cava (ccRCCIVC) represents a clinical high-risk setting. However, there is substantial heterogeneity within this patient subgroup regarding survival outcomes. Previously, members of our group developed a microRNA(miR)-based risk classifier—containing miR-21-5p, miR-126-3p and miR-221-3p expression—which significantly predicted the cancer-specific survival (CSS) of ccRCCIVC patients. (2) Methods: Examining a single-center cohort of tumor tissue from n = 56 patients with ccRCCIVC, we measured the expression levels of miR-21, miR-126, and miR-221 using qRT-PCR. The prognostic impact of clinicopathological parameters and miR expression were investigated via single-variable and multivariable Cox regression. Referring to the previously established risk classifier, we performed Kaplan–Meier analyses for single miR expression levels and the combined risk classifier. Cut-off values and weights within the risk classifier were taken from the previous study. (3) Results: miR-21 and miR-126 expression were significantly associated with lymphonodal status at the time of surgery, the development of metastasis during follow-up, and cancer-related death. In Kaplan–Meier analyses, miR-21 and miR-126 significantly impacted CSS in our cohort. Moreover, applying the miR-based risk classifier significantly stratified ccRCCIVC according to CSS. (4) Conclusions: In our retrospective analysis, we successfully validated the miR-based risk classifier within an independent ccRCCIVC cohort.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mischa J. Kotlyar
- Department of Urology and Pediatric Urology, University Hospital Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Markus Krebs
- Department of Urology and Pediatric Urology, University Hospital Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Mainfranken, University Hospital Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Antonio Giovanni Solimando
- Guido Baccelli Unit of Internal Medicine, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area-(DiMePRe-J), School of Medicine, Aldo Moro University of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy
- IRCCS Istituto Tumori “Giovanni Paolo II” of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - André Marquardt
- Department of Pathology, Klinikum Stuttgart, 70174 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Maximilian Burger
- Department of Urology, Caritas St. Josef, University of Regensburg Medical Center, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Hubert Kübler
- Department of Urology and Pediatric Urology, University Hospital Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Ralf Bargou
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Mainfranken, University Hospital Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Susanne Kneitz
- Physiological Chemistry I, Theodor-Boveri-Institute, Biocenter, University of Würzburg, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Otto
- Department of Urology, Caritas St. Josef, University of Regensburg Medical Center, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Johannes Breyer
- Department of Urology, Caritas St. Josef, University of Regensburg Medical Center, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Daniel C. Vergho
- Department of Urology, Caritas St. Josef, University of Regensburg Medical Center, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Burkhard Kneitz
- Department of Urology and Pediatric Urology, University Hospital Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Charis Kalogirou
- Department of Urology and Pediatric Urology, University Hospital Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-931-201-32001
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Wang PY, Yang S, Bao YJ. An Integrative Analysis Framework for Identifying the Prognostic Markers from Multidimensional RNA Data of Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2022; 192:671-686. [PMID: 35063405 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2021.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Revised: 11/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The altered regulatory status of long noncoding RNA (lncRNA), miRNA, and mRNA and their interactions play critical roles in tumor proliferation, metastasis, and progression, which ultimately influence cancer prognosis. However, there are limited studies of comprehensive identification of prognostic biomarkers from combined data sets of the three RNA types in the highly metastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). The current study employed an integrative analysis framework of functional genomics approaches and machine learning methods to the lncRNA, miRNA, and mRNA data and identified 16 RNAs (3 lncRNAs, 6 miRNAs, and 7 mRNAs) of prognostic value, with 9 of them novel. A 16 RNA-based score was established for prognosis prediction of ccRCC with significance (P < 0.0001). The area under the curve for the score model was 0.868 to 0.870 in the training cohort and 0.714 to 0.778 in the validation cohort. Construction of the lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA interaction network showed that the downstream mRNAs and upstream lncRNAs in the network initiated from the miRNA or lncRNA markers exhibit significant enrichment in functional classifications associated with cancer metastasis, proliferation, progression, or prognosis. The functional analysis provided clear support for the role of the RNA biomarkers in predicting cancer prognosis. This study provides promising biomarkers for predicting prognosis of ccRCC using multidimensional RNA data, and these findings are expected to facilitate potential clinical applications of the biomarkers.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Biomarkers, Tumor/genetics
- Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Renal Cell/diagnosis
- Carcinoma, Renal Cell/genetics
- Carcinoma, Renal Cell/metabolism
- Female
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Gene Regulatory Networks
- Humans
- Kaplan-Meier Estimate
- Male
- MicroRNAs/genetics
- MicroRNAs/metabolism
- Prognosis
- RNA, Long Noncoding/genetics
- RNA, Long Noncoding/metabolism
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peng-Ying Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-Resources, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, China
| | - Shihui Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-Resources, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yun-Juan Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-Resources, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Giubellino A, Ricketts CJ, Moreno V, Linehan WM, Merino MJ. MicroRNA Profiling of Morphologically Heterogeneous Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma. J Cancer 2021; 12:5375-5384. [PMID: 34405000 PMCID: PMC8364632 DOI: 10.7150/jca.52310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Intratumoral heterogeneity (IH) has been recently described as an important contributor to tumor growth through a branched rather than a linear pattern of tumor evolution for renal cell carcinoma. As to whether the miRNA profiling of the different and heterogeneous areas is the same or not, it is not known. This study analyzed the differences and similarities of the miRNA profiles in histologically distinct regions within several RCC tumors. The observed differences may have great implications for the development of predictive biomarkers and the identification of druggable targets with improvement of combinatorial therapeutic approaches for the effective treatment of kidney cancer, as well as for the identification of circulating malignant cells that can be useful to detect tumor recurrences.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alessio Giubellino
- Translational Surgical Pathology, Laboratory of Pathology, National Institutes of health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Christopher J Ricketts
- Urologic Oncology Branch National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Vanessa Moreno
- Translational Surgical Pathology, Laboratory of Pathology, National Institutes of health, Bethesda, MD
| | - W Marston Linehan
- Urologic Oncology Branch National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Maria J Merino
- Translational Surgical Pathology, Laboratory of Pathology, National Institutes of health, Bethesda, MD
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Pirmoradi S, Teshnehlab M, Zarghami N, Sharifi A. A self-organizing deep neuro-fuzzy system approach for classification of kidney cancer subtypes using miRNA genomics data. COMPUTER METHODS AND PROGRAMS IN BIOMEDICINE 2021; 206:106132. [PMID: 34010800 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmpb.2021.106132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Kidney cancer is a dangerous disease affecting many patients all over the world. Early-stage diagnosis and correct identification of kidney cancer subtypes play an essential role in the patient's survival; therefore, its subtypes diagnosis and classification are the main challenges in kidney cancer treatment. Medical studies have proved that miRNA dysregulation can increase the risk of cancer. Thus, in this paper, we propose a new machine learning approach for significant miRNAs identification and kidney cancer subtype classification to design an automatic diagnostic tool. The proposed method contains two main steps: feature selection and classification. First, we apply the feature selection algorithm to choose the candidate miRNAs for each subtype. The feature selection algorithm utilizes the AMGM measure to select significant miRNAs with high discriminant power. Next, the candidate miRNAs are fed to a classifier to evaluate the candidate features. In the classification step, the proposed self-organizing deep neuro-fuzzy system is employed to classify kidney cancer subgroups. The new deep neuro-fuzzy system consists of a deep structure in the rule layer and novel architecture in the fuzzifier layer. The proposed self-organizing deep neuro-fuzzy system can help us to overcome the main obstacles in the field of neuro-fuzzy system applications, such as the curse of dimensionality. The goal of this paper is to illustrate that the neuro-fuzzy system can very useful in high dimensional data, such as genomics data, using the proposed deep neuro-fuzzy system. The obtained results illustrated that our proposed method has succeeded in classifying kidney cancer subtypes with high accuracy based on the selected miRNAs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saeed Pirmoradi
- Department of Computer Engineering, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Teshnehlab
- Department of Systems and Control Engineering, K.N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Nosratollah Zarghami
- Department of Biotechnology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Arash Sharifi
- Department of Computer Engineering, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Petitprez F, Ayadi M, de Reyniès A, Fridman WH, Sautès-Fridman C, Job S. Review of Prognostic Expression Markers for Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma. Front Oncol 2021; 11:643065. [PMID: 33996558 PMCID: PMC8113694 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.643065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Context: The number of prognostic markers for clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) has been increasing regularly over the last 15 years, without being integrated and compared. Objective: Our goal was to perform a review of prognostic markers for ccRCC to lay the ground for their use in the clinics. Evidence Acquisition: PubMed database was searched to identify RNA and protein markers whose expression level was reported as associated with survival of ccRCC patients. Relevant studies were selected through cross-reading by two readers. Evidence Synthesis: We selected 249 studies reporting an association with prognostic of either single markers or multiple-marker models. Altogether, these studies were based on a total of 341 distinct markers and 13 multiple-marker models. Twenty percent of these markers were involved in four biological pathways altered in ccRCC: cell cycle, angiogenesis, hypoxia, and immune response. The main genes (VHL, PBRM1, BAP1, and SETD2) involved in ccRCC carcinogenesis are not the most relevant for assessing survival. Conclusion: Among single markers, the most validated markers were KI67, BIRC5, TP53, CXCR4, and CA9. Of the multiple-marker models, the most famous model, ClearCode34, has been highly validated on several independent datasets, but its clinical utility has not yet been investigated. Patient Summary: Over the years, the prognosis studies have evolved from single markers to multiple-marker models. Our review highlights the highly validated prognostic markers and multiple-marker models and discusses their clinical utility for better therapeutic care.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Florent Petitprez
- Programme Cartes d'Identité des Tumeurs, Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, Paris, France
| | - Mira Ayadi
- Programme Cartes d'Identité des Tumeurs, Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, Paris, France
| | - Aurélien de Reyniès
- Programme Cartes d'Identité des Tumeurs, Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, Paris, France
| | - Wolf H. Fridman
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, Equipe Inflammation, Complément et Cancer, Paris, France
| | - Catherine Sautès-Fridman
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, Equipe Inflammation, Complément et Cancer, Paris, France
| | - Sylvie Job
- Programme Cartes d'Identité des Tumeurs, Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Soliman SES, Abdelaleem AH, Alhanafy AM, Ibrahem RAL, Elhaded ASA, Assar MFA. Circulating miR-21-5p and miR-126-3p: diagnostic, prognostic value, and multivariate analysis in non-small-cell lung cancer. Mol Biol Rep 2021; 48:2543-2552. [PMID: 33837901 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-021-06302-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
One of the most recent of tumor molecular characterization approaches is the microRNA (miR) expression profile. No single marker is sufficiently accurate for clinical use. Numerous biomarkers panels were created for three main purposes: tumor subtype, classification and, early detection, and prediction of tumor responses to treatment and prognosis of patients. miR-21-5p and miR-126-3p have received special attention because of their relationship with many cancer sites such as lung cancer, colorectal cancer, and renal cell carcinoma. We aimed to study their diagnostic and prognostic utility in lung cancer patients. Serum carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) level was measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique. The expression levels of miR-21-5p and miR-126-3p were determined by real-time PCR in 60 non small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients and 40 healthy controls to detect diagnostic utility. Moreover, it was correlated with all disease clinicopathological characters and patient survival. Higher miR-21-5p and lower miR-126-3p levels were found in lung cancer patients than in controls. The sensitivity of CEA and miR-21-5p and miR-126-3p were 78.3, 96.7, and 90% at cutoff points 7.5, 2.35, and 2.175, respectively to distinguish NSCLC patients from controls. On combining both miR-21-5p and miR-126-3p, an improvement of sensitivity to 97% was noted. For patients, miR-21-5P increased significantly with metastatic stage and the highest grade (GIII). There was significantly longer overall survival (OS) among patients with early stages, lower grades GI&II, low miR-21-5p, and high miR-126-3p. miR-126-3p and presence of metastasis, the last two factors were the independent factors affecting OS with a hazard ratio of 0.26 (95% CI: 0.06-1.09) and 3.64 (95% CI: 1.22-16.5), respectively. Circulating miR-21-5p and miR-126-3p may play a significant role in diagnosis and prognosis in NSCLC patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shimaa El-Shafey Soliman
- Faculty of Medicine, Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Menoufia University, Shebin elKom, Menoufia, 32511, Egypt.
- Medical Biochemistry Unit, Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia.
| | - A H Abdelaleem
- Faculty of Science, Chemistry Department, Menoufia University, Menoufia, Egypt
| | - Alshimaa Mahmoud Alhanafy
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Oncology and Nuclear Medicine, Menoufia University, Menoufia, Egypt
| | - Reda Abdel Latif Ibrahem
- Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Menoufia, Egypt
| | | | - Mohamed F A Assar
- Biochemistry Division of Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Menoufia University, Menoufia, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Ishikawa M, Iwasaki M, Sakamoto A, Ma D. Anesthetics may modulate cancer surgical outcome: a possible role of miRNAs regulation. BMC Anesthesiol 2021; 21:71. [PMID: 33750303 PMCID: PMC7941705 DOI: 10.1186/s12871-021-01294-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background microRNAs (miRNAs) are single-stranded and noncoding RNA molecules that control post-transcriptional gene regulation. miRNAs can be tumor suppressors or oncogenes through various mechanism including cancer cell biology, cell-to-cell communication, and anti-cancer immunity. Main Body Anesthetics can affect cell biology through miRNA-mediated regulation of messenger RNA (mRNA). Indeed, sevoflurane was reported to upregulate miR-203 and suppresses breast cancer cell proliferation. Propofol reduces matrix metalloproteinase expression through its impact on miRNAs, leading to anti-cancer microenvironmental changes. Propofol also modifies miRNA expression profile in circulating extracellular vesicles with their subsequent anti-cancer effects via modulating cell-to-cell communication. Conclusion Inhalational and intravenous anesthetics can alter cancer cell biology through various cellular signaling pathways induced by miRNAs’ modification. However, this area of research is insufficient and further study is needed to figure out optimal anesthesia regimens for cancer patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masashi Ishikawa
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, 1-1-5, Sendagi, Bunkyo, Tokyo, 113-8603, Japan. .,Division of Anaesthetics, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, 369 Fulham Rd, London, SW10 9NH, UK.
| | - Masae Iwasaki
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, 1-1-5, Sendagi, Bunkyo, Tokyo, 113-8603, Japan.,Division of Anaesthetics, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, 369 Fulham Rd, London, SW10 9NH, UK
| | - Atsuhiro Sakamoto
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, 1-1-5, Sendagi, Bunkyo, Tokyo, 113-8603, Japan
| | - Daqing Ma
- Division of Anaesthetics, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, 369 Fulham Rd, London, SW10 9NH, UK
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Cheng G, Li M, Ma X, Nan F, Zhang L, Yan Z, Li H, Zhang G, Han Y, Xie L, Guo X. Systematic Analysis of microRNA Biomarkers for Diagnosis, Prognosis, and Therapy in Patients With Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma. Front Oncol 2020; 10:543817. [PMID: 33344224 PMCID: PMC7746831 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.543817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The ever-increasing morbidity and mortality of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) urgently demands updated biomarkers. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are involved in diverse biological processes such as cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis by regulating their target genes' expression. In kidney cancers, miRNAs have been reported to be involved in tumorigenesis and to be the diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic response biomarkers. Here, we performed a systematic analysis for ccRCC-related miRNAs as biomarkers by searching keywords in the NCBI PubMed database and found 118 miRNAs as diagnostic biomarkers, 28 miRNAs as prognostic biomarkers, and 80 miRNAs as therapeutic biomarkers in ccRCC. miRNA-21, miRNA-155, miRNA-141, miRNA-126, and miRNA-221, as significantly differentially expressed miRNAs between cancer and normal tissues, play extensive roles in the cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis of ccRCC. GO and KEGG enrichment analysis of these miRNAs' target genes through Metascape showed these target genes are enriched in Protein Domain Specific Binding (GO:0019904). In this paper, we identified highly specific miRNAs in the pathogenesis of ccRCC and explored their potential applications for diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of ccRCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Longxiang Xie
- Cell Signal Transduction Laboratory, Bioinformatics Center, Henan Provincial Engineering Center for Tumor Molecular Medicine, Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Xiangqian Guo
- Cell Signal Transduction Laboratory, Bioinformatics Center, Henan Provincial Engineering Center for Tumor Molecular Medicine, Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Barth DA, Drula R, Ott L, Fabris L, Slaby O, Calin GA, Pichler M. Circulating Non-coding RNAs in Renal Cell Carcinoma-Pathogenesis and Potential Implications as Clinical Biomarkers. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:828. [PMID: 33042985 PMCID: PMC7523432 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Liquid biopsy-the determination of circulating cells, proteins, DNA or RNA from biofluids through a "less invasive" approach-has emerged as a novel approach in all cancer entities. Circulating non-(protein) coding RNAs including microRNAs (miRNAs), long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), and YRNAs can be passively released by tissue or cell damage or actively secreted as cell-free circulating RNAs, bound to lipoproteins or carried by exosomes. In renal cell carcinoma (RCC), a growing body of evidence suggests circulating non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) such as miRNAs, lncRNAs, and YRNAs as promising and easily accessible blood-based biomarkers for the early diagnosis of RCC as well as for the prediction of prognosis and treatment response. In addition, circulating ncRNAs could also play a role in RCC pathogenesis and progression. This review gives an overview over the current study landscape of circulating ncRNAs and their involvement in RCC pathogenesis as well as their potential utility as future biomarkers in RCC diagnosis and treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dominik A Barth
- Research Unit of Non-Coding RNAs and Genome Editing, Division of Clinical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Comprehensive Cancer Center Graz, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.,Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Rares Drula
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States.,Research Centre for Functional Genomics and Translational Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Leonie Ott
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States.,Department of Tumor Biology, Center of Experimental Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Linda Fabris
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Ondrej Slaby
- Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia.,Department of Comprehensive Cancer Care, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno, Czechia
| | - George A Calin
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Martin Pichler
- Research Unit of Non-Coding RNAs and Genome Editing, Division of Clinical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Comprehensive Cancer Center Graz, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.,Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
MicroRNA expression profiles in molecular subtypes of clear-cell renal cell carcinoma are associated with clinical outcome and repression of specific mRNA targets. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0238809. [PMID: 32915890 PMCID: PMC7485767 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0238809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Clear-cell renal cell carcinomas (ccRCC) can be divided into four transcriptomic subtypes, two of which have a favorable and two an unfavorable prognosis. To assess mechanisms driving these subtypes, we investigated their miRNA expression patterns. miRNAs are master regulators of mRNAs, that are widely deregulated in cancer. Unsupervised clustering in our dataset (n = 128) and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) validation set identified two distinct miRNA clusters that overlapped with the transcriptomic subtypes, underscoring the validity of these subtypes on a multi-omics level and suggesting a driving role for miRNAs. Discriminatory miRNAs for the favorable subtypes repressed epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, based on gene set enrichment analysis and target-mRNA expression levels. Strikingly, throughout the entire dataset, miRNAs associated with favorable subtypes were also associated with longer overall survival after diagnosis, and miRNAs associated with unfavorable subtypes with shorter overall survival (Pearson r = -0.54, p<0.0001). These findings indicate a general shift in miRNA expression between more and less aggressive tumors. This adds to current literature, which usually suggests only a small subset of miRNAs as markers of aggressive disease. In conclusion, this study reveals distinct mRNA expression patterns underlying transcriptomic ccRCC-subtypes, whereby miRNAs associated with favorable subtypes counteract epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. There is a general shift in miRNA expression in ccRCC, between more and less aggressive tumors.
Collapse
|
11
|
Outeiro-Pinho G, Barros-Silva D, Correia MP, Henrique R, Jerónimo C. Renal Cell Tumors: Uncovering the Biomarker Potential of ncRNAs. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12082214. [PMID: 32784737 PMCID: PMC7465320 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12082214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Renal cell tumors (RCT) remain as one of the most common and lethal urological tumors worldwide. Discrimination between (1) benign and malignant disease, (2) indolent and aggressive tumors, and (3) patient responsiveness to a specific therapy is of major clinical importance, allowing for a more efficient patient management. Nonetheless, currently available tools provide limited information and novel strategies are needed. Over the years, a putative role of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) as disease biomarkers has gained relevance and is now one of the most prolific fields in biological sciences. Herein, we extensively sought the most significant reports on ncRNAs as potential RCTs' diagnostic, prognostic, predictive, and monitoring biomarkers. We could conclude that ncRNAs, either alone or in combination with currently used clinical and pathological parameters, might represent key elements to improve patient management, potentiating the implementation of precision medicine. Nevertheless, most ncRNA biomarkers require large-scale validation studies, prior to clinical implementation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gonçalo Outeiro-Pinho
- Cancer Biology and Epigenetics Group, IPO Porto Research Center (CI-IPOP), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto), Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (G.O.-P.); (D.B.-S.); (M.P.C.); (R.H.)
| | - Daniela Barros-Silva
- Cancer Biology and Epigenetics Group, IPO Porto Research Center (CI-IPOP), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto), Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (G.O.-P.); (D.B.-S.); (M.P.C.); (R.H.)
| | - Margareta P. Correia
- Cancer Biology and Epigenetics Group, IPO Porto Research Center (CI-IPOP), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto), Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (G.O.-P.); (D.B.-S.); (M.P.C.); (R.H.)
| | - Rui Henrique
- Cancer Biology and Epigenetics Group, IPO Porto Research Center (CI-IPOP), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto), Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (G.O.-P.); (D.B.-S.); (M.P.C.); (R.H.)
- Department of Pathology, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar-University of Porto (ICBAS-UP), Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira n. 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Carmen Jerónimo
- Cancer Biology and Epigenetics Group, IPO Porto Research Center (CI-IPOP), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto), Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (G.O.-P.); (D.B.-S.); (M.P.C.); (R.H.)
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar-University of Porto (ICBAS-UP), Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira n. 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +351-225084000; Fax: +351-225084199
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Fan B, Jin Y, Zhang H, Zhao R, Sun M, Sun M, Yuan X, Wang W, Wang X, Chen Z, Liu W, Yu N, Wang Q, Liu T, Li X. MicroRNA‑21 contributes to renal cell carcinoma cell invasiveness and angiogenesis via the PDCD4/c‑Jun (AP‑1) signalling pathway. Int J Oncol 2019; 56:178-192. [PMID: 31789394 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2019.4928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Accumulating evidence has demonstrated that microRNAs are associated with malignant biological behaviour, including tumorigenesis, cancer progression and metastasis via the regulation of target gene expression. Our previous study demonstrated that programmed cell death protein 4 (PDCD4), which is a tumour suppressor gene, is a target of microRNA‑21 (miR‑21), which affects the proliferation and transformation capabilities of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) cells. However, the role of miR‑21 in the molecular mechanism underlying the migration, invasion and angiogenesis of RCC remains poorly understood. The effects of miR‑21 on the invasion, migration and angiogenesis of RCC cells was determined through meta‑analysis and regulation of miR‑21 expression in vitro. After searching several databases, 6 articles including a total of 473 patients met the eligibility criteria for this analysis. The combined results of the meta‑analysis revealed that increased miR‑21 expression was significantly associated with adverse prognosis in patients with RCC, with a pooled hazard ratio estimate of 1.740. In in vitro experiments, we demonstrated that a miR‑21 inhibitor decreased the number of migrating and invading A498 and 786‑O RCC cells, along with a decrease in PDCD4, c‑Jun, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)2 and MMP9 expression. Additionally, inhibition of miR‑21 was revealed to reduce tube formation and tube junctions in the endothelial cell line HMEC‑1 by affecting the expression of angiotensin‑1 and vascular endothelial growth factor A, whereas PDCD4 small interfering RNA exerted opposite effects on the same cells. Overall, these findings, along with evidence‑based molecular biology, demonstrated that miR‑21 expression promoted the migration, invasion and angiogenic abilities of RCC cells by directly targeting the PDCD4/c‑Jun signalling pathway. The results may help elucidate the molecular mechanism underlying the development and progression of RCC and provide a promising target for microRNA‑based therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bo Fan
- Department of Urology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116011, P.R. China
| | - Yiying Jin
- Department of Urology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116011, P.R. China
| | - Hongshuo Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Glycobiology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116044, P.R. China
| | - Rui Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhongshan College of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116011, P.R. China
| | - Man Sun
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116011, P.R. China
| | - Mengfan Sun
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhongshan College of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116011, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoying Yuan
- Department of Anatomy, College of Basic Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116044, P.R. China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Urology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116011, P.R. China
| | - Xiaogang Wang
- Department of Urology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116011, P.R. China
| | - Zhiqi Chen
- Department of Urology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116011, P.R. China
| | - Wankai Liu
- Department of Urology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116011, P.R. China
| | - Na Yu
- Department of Urology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116011, P.R. China
| | - Qun Wang
- Department of Urology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116011, P.R. China
| | - Tingjiao Liu
- Department of Oral Pathology, College of Stomatology of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116044, P.R. China
| | - Xiancheng Li
- Department of Urology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116011, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
The Prognostic Significance of Protein Expression of CASZ1 in Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma. DISEASE MARKERS 2019; 2019:1342161. [PMID: 31481981 PMCID: PMC6701416 DOI: 10.1155/2019/1342161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2019] [Revised: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 07/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Backgrounds Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is the most common histologic subtype of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and shows a relatively poor prognosis among RCCs. Castor zinc finger 1 (CASZ1) is a transcription factor, prominently known for its tumor suppression role in neuroblastoma and other cancers. However, there has been no research about the prognostic significance of CASZ1 in ccRCC. In this study, we investigated CASZ1 expression in ccRCC and analyzed its prognostic implications. Methods A total of 896 ccRCC patients, who underwent surgical resection from 1995 to 2008, were included. We prepared tissue microarray blocks, evaluated CASZ1 nuclear expression by immunohistochemistry, and classified the cases into low or high expression categories. Results A low expression of CASZ1 was observed in 320 cases (35.7%) and was significantly associated with large tumor size, high World Health Organization/International Society of Urological Pathology (WHO/ISUP) grade, and high T category and M category. In survival analysis, a low expression of CASZ1 was significantly correlated with unfavorable progression-free survival (PFS) (p < 0.001), overall survival (OS) (p < 0.001), and cancer-specific survival (CSS) (p < 0.001) and was an independent prognostic factor for PFS and CSS in multivariate analysis adjusted for tumor size, WHO/ISUP grade, T category, N category, and M category. Conclusions Our study is the first to show the prognostic significance of CASZ1 expression in ccRCC. Our results revealed that low expression of CASZ1 is associated with poor prognosis and may serve as a new prognostic indicator.
Collapse
|
14
|
Abstract
Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) represents a prevalent urological malignancy among men worldwide. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are involved in the progression of diverse human cancers. The aim of this study was to explore the expression profile and prognostic value of microRNA-3133 (miR-3133) in ccRCC.The expression of miR-3133 in ccRCC tissues and non-cancerous tissues was measured by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Chi-square test was applied to evaluate the relationship between miR-3133 expression and clinical characteristics. Overall survival curve was constructed by Kaplan-Meier with log-rank test. The prognostic value of miR-3133 in ccRCC was estimated by Cox regression analysis.MiR-3133 was downregulated in ccRCC samples compared to the matched noncancerous samples (P <.01). Moreover, its expression level was correlated with T stage, vascular invasion and lymph node metastasis (all P <.05). Survival curves demonstrated that patients with low level of miR-3133 underwent lower overall survival than those with high level (log rank test, P = .002). MiR-3133 might be an independent prognostic biomarker in ccRCC patients (HR = 2.802, 95% CI = 1.391-5.646, P = .004).MiR-3133 is downregulated, and plays inhibitory roles in aggressive progression of ccRCC. MiR-3133 may be an independent prognostic biomarker for ccRCC.
Collapse
|
15
|
Braga EA, Fridman MV, Loginov VI, Dmitriev AA, Morozov SG. Molecular Mechanisms in Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma: Role of miRNAs and Hypermethylated miRNA Genes in Crucial Oncogenic Pathways and Processes. Front Genet 2019; 10:320. [PMID: 31110513 PMCID: PMC6499217 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2019.00320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2018] [Accepted: 03/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is the third most common urological cancer, and it has the highest mortality rate. The increasing drug resistance of metastatic ccRCC has resulted in the search for new biomarkers. Epigenetic regulatory mechanisms, such as genome-wide DNA methylation and inhibition of protein translation by interaction of microRNA (miRNA) with its target messenger RNA (mRNA), are deeply involved in the pathogenesis of human cancers, including ccRCC, and may be used in its diagnosis and prognosis. Here, we review oncogenic and oncosuppressive miRNAs, their putative target genes, and the crucial pathways they are involved in. The contradictory behavior of a number of miRNAs, such as suppressive and anti-metastatic miRNAs with oncogenic potential (for example, miR-99a, miR-106a, miR-125b, miR-144, miR-203, miR-378), is examined. miRNAs that contribute mostly to important pathways and processes in ccRCC, for instance, PI3K/AKT/mTOR, Wnt-β, histone modification, and chromatin remodeling, are discussed in detail. We also separately consider their participation in crucial oncogenic processes, such as hypoxia and angiogenesis, metastasis, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). The review also considers the interactions of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and miRNAs of significance in ccRCC. Recent advances in the understanding of the role of hypermethylated miRNA genes in ccRCC and their usefulness as biomarkers are reviewed based on our own data and those available in the literature. Finally, new data and perspectives concerning the clinical applications of miRNAs in the diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of ccRCC are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Marina V. Fridman
- Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Vitaly I. Loginov
- Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Moscow, Russia
- Research Center of Medical Genetics, Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexey A. Dmitriev
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Carlsson J, Christiansen J, Davidsson S, Giunchi F, Fiorentino M, Sundqvist P. The potential role of miR-126, miR-21 and miR-10b as prognostic biomarkers in renal cell carcinoma. Oncol Lett 2019; 17:4566-4574. [PMID: 30988818 PMCID: PMC6447904 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.10142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2018] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is the most commonly diagnosed renal tumor, consisting of ~3% of all malignancies worldwide. The prognosis of RCC can vary widely, and detecting patients at risk of recurrence at an early stage of disease may improve patient outcome. The factors presently used in a clinical setting cannot reliably predict the natural history of the disease. Therefore, there is a requirement to identify novel biomarkers that can aid in predicting patient outcome. Previous studies have indicated that microRNAs (miRNAs/miRs) are potential candidates as prognostic biomarkers for patients suffering from RCC. Consequently, the aims of the present study were to validate the potential of 3 of these miRNAs to predict the prognosis of patients with RCC, and to investigate the stability of endogenous control genes for miRNA studies in RCC tissues. The expression of 7 endogenous controls was measured using reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tumor and benign tissues from patients suffering from clear cell RCC (ccRCC). The analyses identified RNU48 and U47 as the most stable endogenous controls. The expression of miR-126, miR-21 and miR-10b was analyzed using RT-qPCR in renal tissues from 116 patients diagnosed with ccRCC. All three investigated miRNAs were differentially expressed between malignant and benign tissues. miR-126 and miR-10b were also differentially expressed between grades and stages of ccRCC. In a univariate, but not in a multivariate model, low expression of miR-126 was associated with shorter time to recurrence of the disease. The results of the present study indicate that of the 3 miRNAs investigated, the expression of miR-126 has the strongest potential as a prognostic biomarker for patients suffering from ccRCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Carlsson
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, 701 85 Örebro, Sweden
| | - Jesper Christiansen
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, 701 85 Örebro, Sweden
| | - Sabina Davidsson
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, 701 85 Örebro, Sweden
| | - Francesca Giunchi
- Department of Pathology, F. Addari Institute of Oncology, S. Orsola Hospital, I-401 38 Bologna, Italy
| | - Michelangelo Fiorentino
- Department of Pathology, F. Addari Institute of Oncology, S. Orsola Hospital, I-401 38 Bologna, Italy
| | - Pernilla Sundqvist
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, 701 85 Örebro, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Emerging microRNAs in cancer diagnosis, progression, and immune surveillance. Cancer Lett 2018; 438:126-132. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2018.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2018] [Revised: 09/06/2018] [Accepted: 09/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
|
18
|
A Machine Learning Approach for the Classification of Kidney Cancer Subtypes Using miRNA Genome Data. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/app8122422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Kidney cancer is one of the deadliest diseases and its diagnosis and subtype classification are crucial for patients’ survival. Thus, developing automated tools that can accurately determine kidney cancer subtypes is an urgent challenge. It has been confirmed by researchers in the biomedical field that miRNA dysregulation can cause cancer. In this paper, we propose a machine learning approach for the classification of kidney cancer subtypes using miRNA genome data. Through empirical studies we found 35 miRNAs that possess distinct key features that aid in kidney cancer subtype diagnosis. In the proposed method, Neighbourhood Component Analysis (NCA) is employed to extract discriminative features from miRNAs and Long Short Term Memory (LSTM), a type of Recurrent Neural Network, is adopted to classify a given miRNA sample into kidney cancer subtypes. In the literature, only a couple of kidney subtypes have been considered for classification. In the experimental study, we used the miRNA quantitative read counts data, which was provided by The Cancer Genome Atlas data repository (TCGA). The NCA procedure selected 35 of the most discriminative miRNAs. With this subset of miRNAs, the LSTM algorithm was able to group kidney cancer miRNAs into five subtypes with average accuracy around 95% and Matthews Correlation Coefficient value around 0.92 under 10 runs of randomly grouped 5-fold cross-validation, which were very close to the average performance of using all miRNAs for classification.
Collapse
|
19
|
Zhu H, Lu J, Zhao H, Chen Z, Cui Q, Lin Z, Wang X, Wang J, Dong H, Wang S, Tan J. Functional Long Noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in Clear Cell Kidney Carcinoma Revealed by Reconstruction and Comprehensive Analysis of the lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA Regulatory Network. Med Sci Monit 2018; 24:8250-8263. [PMID: 30444862 PMCID: PMC6251074 DOI: 10.12659/msm.910773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2018] [Accepted: 07/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A variety of treatment strategies have been developed for clear cell kidney carcinoma (KIRC); however, there is still a need for effective therapeutic targets and prognostic molecular biomarkers. Given that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) has been emerging as an important regulator in tumorigenesis, we explored potential functional lncRNAs in KIRC by comprehensively analyzing the lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA regulatory network with bioinformatics processing tools. MATERIAL AND METHODS RNA-seq/miRNA-seq data of KIRC in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) were obtained and analyzed. The "edgeR" package in R software was used to identify differentially expressed lncRNAs (DElncRNAs, differentially expressed long noncoding RNAs), miRNAs (DEmiRNAs, differentially expressed micro RNAs), and mRNAs (DEmRNAs, differentially expressed messenger RNAs) in KIRC and normal samples. A global triple network was conducted based on the competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) theory, and survival analysis was conducted by "survival" package in R software. RESULTS A total of 4246 DElncRNAs, 179 DEmiRNAs, and 5758 DEmRNAs were identified, among which a subset of them (321 lncRNAs, 26 miRNAs, and 1068 mRNAs) were found to constitute a global ceRNA network in KIRC. Four lncRNAs (ENTPD3-AS1, FGD5-AS1, LIFR-AS1, and UBAC2-AS1) were revealed to be potential therapeutic targets as well as prognostic biomarkers of KIRC by our extensive functional analysis. CONCLUSIONS We reported here the identification of functional lncRNAs in KIRC via a TCGA data-based bioinformatics analysis. We believe that this study might contribute to improving the comprehension of the lncRNA-mediated ceRNA regulatory mechanisms in the tumorigenesis of KIRC. Meanwhile, our results suggested that 4 lncRNAs might act as potential therapeutic targets or candidate prognostic biomarkers in KIRC.
Collapse
|
20
|
Tsiakanikas P, Giaginis C, Kontos CK, Scorilas A. Clinical utility of microRNAs in renal cell carcinoma: current evidence and future perspectives. Expert Rev Mol Diagn 2018; 18:981-991. [DOI: 10.1080/14737159.2018.1539668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Panagiotis Tsiakanikas
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Constantinos Giaginis
- Department of Food Science and Nustrition, School of Environment, University of the Aegean, Lemnos, Greece
| | - Christos K. Kontos
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Andreas Scorilas
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Zhou L, Pan X, Li Z, Chen P, Quan J, Lin C, Lai Y, Xu J, Xu W, Guan X, Li H, Gui Y, Lai Y. Oncogenic miR-663a is associated with cellular function and poor prognosis in renal cell carcinoma. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 105:1155-1163. [PMID: 30021352 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.05.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2018] [Revised: 05/16/2018] [Accepted: 05/17/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND MicroRNA(miRNA) plays a key regulatory role in various stages of tumorigenesis, including cell growth, cell cycle control, apoptosis avoidance, tissue invasion, and metastasis. Several microRNAs are involved in the development of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and the malignant transformation process. However, the effects of miR-663a on RCC have rarely been reported. METHODS In the present study, the expression of miR-663a was examined in RCC using matched normal kidney tissues and four cell lines (786-O, Caki-1, ACHN and HK-2). MicroRNA mimics were transiently transfected into RCC cells and the effects of over expression on proliferation, migration, invasion, and apoptosis was observed. In addition, the relationship between miR-663a expression in 42 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) clear cell renal carcinoma (ccRCC) samples and clinical pathological variables and overall survival was investigated. We evaluated the prognostic value of miR-663a expression in ccRCC by experimental results. RESULTS The results showed that the expression of miR-663a was up-regulated in RCC cells and tissues and miR-663a was associated with proliferation, migration, invasion, and apoptosis of RCC. Cox proportional hazard regression analysis showed that a high expression of miR-663a patients had a significantly shorter overall survival in univariate and multivariate analysis. Kaplan-Meier survival curves showed that a high expression of miR-663a patients had a significantly shorter overall survival. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that miR-663a can be used as an independent marker for the poor prognosis of ccRCC, and may also play an important role as a tumor oncogene in the occurrence and development of RCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liang Zhou
- Department of Urology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518036, PR China; Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 511436, PR China; The Guangdong and Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Male Reproductive Medicine and Genetics, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Institute of Urology of Shenzhen PKU-HKUST Medical Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518036, PR China
| | - Xiang Pan
- Department of Urology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518036, PR China; Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, PR China; The Guangdong and Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Male Reproductive Medicine and Genetics, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Institute of Urology of Shenzhen PKU-HKUST Medical Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518036, PR China
| | - Zuwei Li
- Department of Urology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518036, PR China; Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, PR China; The Guangdong and Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Male Reproductive Medicine and Genetics, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Institute of Urology of Shenzhen PKU-HKUST Medical Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518036, PR China
| | - Peijie Chen
- Department of Urology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518036, PR China; Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, PR China; The Guangdong and Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Male Reproductive Medicine and Genetics, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Institute of Urology of Shenzhen PKU-HKUST Medical Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518036, PR China
| | - Jing Quan
- Department of Urology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518036, PR China; Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, PR China; The Guangdong and Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Male Reproductive Medicine and Genetics, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Institute of Urology of Shenzhen PKU-HKUST Medical Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518036, PR China
| | - Canbin Lin
- Department of Urology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518036, PR China; Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, PR China; The Guangdong and Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Male Reproductive Medicine and Genetics, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Institute of Urology of Shenzhen PKU-HKUST Medical Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518036, PR China
| | - Yulin Lai
- Department of Urology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518036, PR China; Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 511436, PR China; The Guangdong and Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Male Reproductive Medicine and Genetics, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Institute of Urology of Shenzhen PKU-HKUST Medical Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518036, PR China
| | - Jinling Xu
- Department of Urology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518036, PR China
| | - Weijie Xu
- Department of Urology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518036, PR China
| | - Xin Guan
- Department of Urology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518036, PR China
| | - Hang Li
- Department of Urology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518036, PR China
| | - Yaoting Gui
- Department of Urology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518036, PR China; The Guangdong and Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Male Reproductive Medicine and Genetics, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Institute of Urology of Shenzhen PKU-HKUST Medical Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518036, PR China
| | - Yongqin Lai
- Department of Urology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518036, PR China; The Guangdong and Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Male Reproductive Medicine and Genetics, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Institute of Urology of Shenzhen PKU-HKUST Medical Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518036, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Li P, Ren H, Zhang Y, Zhou Z. Fifteen-gene expression based model predicts the survival of clear cell renal cell carcinoma. Medicine (Baltimore) 2018; 97:e11839. [PMID: 30113474 PMCID: PMC6113007 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000011839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Clear-cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is the major renal cell carcinoma subtype, but its postsurgical prognosis varies among individual patients.We used gene expression, machine learning (random forest variable hunting), and Cox regression analysis to develop a risk score model based on 15 genes to predict survival of patients with ccRCC in the The Cancer Genome Atlas dataset (N = 533). We validated this model in another cohort, and analyzed correlations between risk score and other clinical indicators.Patients in the high-risk group had significantly worse overall survival (OS) than did those in the low-risk group (P = 5.6e-16); recurrence-free survival showed a similar pattern. This result was reproducible in another dataset, E-MTAB-1980 (N = 101, P = .00029). We evaluated correlations between risk score and other clinical indicators. Risk was independent of age and sex, but was significantly associated with hemoglobin level, primary tumor size, and grade. Radiation therapy also had no effect on the prognostic value of the risk score. Cox multivariate regression showed risk score to be an important indicator for ccRCC prognosis. We plotted a nomogram for 3-year OS to facilitate use of risk score and other indicators.The risk score model based on expression of the 15 selected genes can predict survival of patients with ccRCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ping Li
- Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences School of Optical-electrical and Computer Engineer of University of Shanghai for Science and Technology Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Imaging, Collaborative Research Center, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Science Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Science, Shanghai, China
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
|
24
|
MicroRNA-15a expression measured in urine samples as a potential biomarker of renal cell carcinoma. Int Urol Nephrol 2018; 50:851-859. [DOI: 10.1007/s11255-018-1841-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2018] [Accepted: 03/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
|
25
|
Ran L, Liang J, Deng X, Wu J. miRNAs in Prediction of Prognosis in Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 2017:4832931. [PMID: 29392135 PMCID: PMC5748131 DOI: 10.1155/2017/4832931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2017] [Accepted: 09/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is the most common type of urinary malignancy. Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is the predominant RCC subtype, accounting for 70-80% of RCC. In recent years, miRNAs have been found to be closely associated with the outcome of the patients with ccRCC. In this review, we summarize recent advances in research exploring the role of miRNAs in predicting prognosis in patients with ccRCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- LongJiao Ran
- Ruikang Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, 10 East China Road, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Jian Liang
- Ruikang Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, 10 East China Road, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Xin Deng
- Ruikang Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, 10 East China Road, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - JinYu Wu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Ortiz-Quintero B. Cell-free microRNAs in blood and other body fluids, as cancer biomarkers. Cell Prolif 2017; 49:281-303. [PMID: 27218664 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.12262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2016] [Accepted: 04/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The discovery of cell-free microRNAs (miRNAs) in serum, plasma and other body fluids has yielded an invaluable potential source of non-invasive biomarkers for cancer and other non-malignant diseases. miRNAs in the blood and other body fluids are highly stable in biological samples and are resistant to environmental conditions, such as freezing, thawing or enzymatic degradation, which makes them convenient as potential biomarkers. In addition, they are more easily sampled than tissue miRNAs. Altered levels of cell-free miRNAs have been found in every type of cancer analysed, and increasing evidence indicates that they may participate in carcinogenesis by acting as cell-to-cell signalling molecules. This review summarizes the biological characteristics and mechanisms of release of cell-free miRNAs that make them promising candidates as non-invasive biomarkers of cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Blanca Ortiz-Quintero
- Research Unit, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Ismael Cosio Villegas, 14080, Mexico City, Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Improvement in survival end points of patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma through sequential targeted therapy. Cancer Treat Rev 2016; 50:109-117. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ctrv.2016.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2016] [Revised: 08/18/2016] [Accepted: 09/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
28
|
Gu L, Li H, Chen L, Ma X, Gao Y, Li X, Zhang Y, Fan Y, Zhang X. MicroRNAs as prognostic molecular signatures in renal cell carcinoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Oncotarget 2016; 6:32545-60. [PMID: 26416448 PMCID: PMC4741711 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.5324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2015] [Accepted: 09/11/2015] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
This is a systematic review of studies investigating the prognostic value of different microRNAs (miRs) in renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Twenty-seven relevant studies were identified, with a total of 2578 subjects. We found that elevated expression of miR-21, miR-1260b, miR-210, miR-100, miR-125b, miR-221, miR-630, and miR-497 was associated with a poor prognosis in RCC patients. Conversely, decreased expression of miR-106b, miR-99a, miR-1826, miR-215, miR-217, miR-187, miR-129–3p, miR-23b, miR-27b, and miR-126 was associated with a worse prognosis. We performed meta-analyses on studies to address the prognostic value of miR-21, miR-126, miR-210, and miR-221. This revealed that elevated miR-21 expression was associated with shorter overall survival (OS; hazard ratio [HR], 2.29; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.28–4.08), cancer specific survival (CSS; HR, 4.16; 95% CI, 2.49–6.95), and disease free survival (DFS; HR, 2.15; 95% CI, 1.16–3.98). The decreased expression of miR-126 was associated with shorter CSS (HR, 0.35; 95% CI, 0.15–0.85), OS (HR, 0.45; 95% CI, 0.30–0.69), and DFS (HR 0.30; 95% CI, 0.18–0.50). Our comprehensive systematic review reveals that miRs, especially miR-21 and miR-126, could be promising prognostic markers and useful therapeutic targets in RCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liangyou Gu
- Department of Urology/State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital/PLA Medical School, Beijing 100853, P.R. China
| | - Hongzhao Li
- Department of Urology/State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital/PLA Medical School, Beijing 100853, P.R. China
| | - Luyao Chen
- Department of Urology/State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital/PLA Medical School, Beijing 100853, P.R. China
| | - Xin Ma
- Department of Urology/State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital/PLA Medical School, Beijing 100853, P.R. China
| | - Yu Gao
- Department of Urology/State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital/PLA Medical School, Beijing 100853, P.R. China
| | - Xintao Li
- Department of Urology/State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital/PLA Medical School, Beijing 100853, P.R. China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Urology/State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital/PLA Medical School, Beijing 100853, P.R. China
| | - Yang Fan
- Department of Urology/State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital/PLA Medical School, Beijing 100853, P.R. China
| | - Xu Zhang
- Department of Urology/State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital/PLA Medical School, Beijing 100853, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
García-Donas J, Beuselinck B, Inglada-Pérez L, Graña O, Schöffski P, Wozniak A, Bechter O, Apellániz-Ruiz M, Leandro-García LJ, Esteban E, Castellano DE, González Del Alba A, Climent MA, Hernando S, Arranz JA, Morente M, Pisano DG, Robledo M, Rodriguez-Antona C. Deep sequencing reveals microRNAs predictive of antiangiogenic drug response. JCI Insight 2016; 1:e86051. [PMID: 27699216 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.86051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The majority of metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC) patients are treated with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) in first-line treatment; however, a fraction are refractory to these antiangiogenic drugs. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are regulatory molecules proven to be accurate biomarkers in cancer. Here, we identified miRNAs predictive of progressive disease under TKI treatment through deep sequencing of 74 metastatic clear cell RCC cases uniformly treated with these drugs. Twenty-nine miRNAs were differentially expressed in the tumors of patients who progressed under TKI therapy (P values from 6 × 10-9 to 3 × 10-3). Among 6 miRNAs selected for validation in an independent series, the most relevant associations corresponded to miR-1307-3p, miR-155-5p, and miR-221-3p (P = 4.6 × 10-3, 6.5 × 10-3, and 3.4 × 10-2, respectively). Furthermore, a 2 miRNA-based classifier discriminated individuals with progressive disease upon TKI treatment (AUC = 0.75, 95% CI, 0.64-0.85; P = 1.3 × 10-4) with better predictive value than clinicopathological risk factors commonly used. We also identified miRNAs significantly associated with progression-free survival and overall survival (P = 6.8 × 10-8 and 7.8 × 10-7 for top hits, respectively), and 7 overlapped with early progressive disease. In conclusion, this is the first miRNome comprehensive study, to our knowledge, that demonstrates a predictive value of miRNAs for TKI response and provides a new set of relevant markers that can help rationalize metastatic RCC treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jesús García-Donas
- Oncology Unit, HM Hospitales - Centro Integral Oncológico HM Clara Campal, Madrid, Spain.,Spanish Oncology Genitourinary Group, Madrid, Spain
| | - Benoit Beuselinck
- Department of General Medical Oncology, University Hospitals Leuven, and.,Laboratory for Experimental Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Lucía Inglada-Pérez
- Hereditary Endocrine Cancer Group, Human Cancer Genetics Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre, Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, Madrid, Spain
| | - Osvaldo Graña
- Bioinformatics Unit, Structural Biology and Biocomputing Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Patrick Schöffski
- Department of General Medical Oncology, University Hospitals Leuven, and.,Laboratory for Experimental Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Oliver Bechter
- Department of General Medical Oncology, University Hospitals Leuven, and.,Laboratory for Experimental Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Maria Apellániz-Ruiz
- Hereditary Endocrine Cancer Group, Human Cancer Genetics Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Luis Javier Leandro-García
- Hereditary Endocrine Cancer Group, Human Cancer Genetics Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Emilio Esteban
- Spanish Oncology Genitourinary Group, Madrid, Spain.,Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Daniel E Castellano
- Spanish Oncology Genitourinary Group, Madrid, Spain.,Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Aranzazu González Del Alba
- Spanish Oncology Genitourinary Group, Madrid, Spain.,Hospital Universitario Son Espases, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Miguel Angel Climent
- Spanish Oncology Genitourinary Group, Madrid, Spain.,Fundación Instituto Valenciano de Oncología, Valencia, Spain
| | - Susana Hernando
- Spanish Oncology Genitourinary Group, Madrid, Spain.,Hospital Universitario Fundación Alcorcón, Madrid, Spain
| | - José Angel Arranz
- Spanish Oncology Genitourinary Group, Madrid, Spain.,Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuel Morente
- Tumour Bank Unit, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre, Madrid, Spain
| | - David G Pisano
- Bioinformatics Unit, Structural Biology and Biocomputing Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mercedes Robledo
- Hereditary Endocrine Cancer Group, Human Cancer Genetics Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre, Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristina Rodriguez-Antona
- Hereditary Endocrine Cancer Group, Human Cancer Genetics Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre, Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Zhang GM, Luo L, Ding XM, Dong DH, Li B, Ma XC, Sun LJ. MicroRNA-126 inhibits tumor cell invasion and metastasis by downregulating ROCK1 in renal cell carcinoma. Mol Med Rep 2016; 13:5029-2036. [PMID: 27108693 PMCID: PMC4878577 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2016.5160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2015] [Accepted: 04/02/2016] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are involved in cancer development and progression. Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) frequently undergoes metastasis and has a high mortality rate. The current study measured miRNA-126 (miR-126) expression levels in 128 pairs of clear cell RCC and adjacent normal kidney tissue samples by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and analyzed the association between miR-126 and various clinicopathological parameters. In addition, cell proliferation, wound healing and cell invasion assays were conducted using RCC cells overexpressing miR-126. Potential miR-126 target genes and the signaling pathways that may be regulated by miR-126 were then examined. miR-126 expression was significantly reduced in patients with metastatic RCC compared with patients without metastasis. Consistently, overexpression of miR-126 in RCC cells significantly inhibited cell proliferation, migration and invasion in vitro compared with negative control miRNA. A luciferase reporter assay demonstrated that miR-126 targets Rho associated coiled-coil containing protein kinase 1 (ROCK1) by directly binding the 3′-untranslated region. Furthermore, western blotting identified miR-126 as an important regulator of the AKT and extracellular signal-regulated 1/2 signaling pathways. The results of the present study indicate that miR-126 inhibits RCC cell proliferation, migration and invasion by downregulating ROCK1. These findings suggest that miR-126 may be valuable as a potential target for therapeutic intervention in RCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gui-Ming Zhang
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, P.R. China
| | - Lei Luo
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, P.R. China
| | - Xue-Mei Ding
- Department of Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, P.R. China
| | - Da-Hai Dong
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, P.R. China
| | - Bin Li
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Cheng Ma
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, P.R. China
| | - Li-Jiang Sun
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
MicroRNAs in the Pathogenesis of Renal Cell Carcinoma and Their Diagnostic and Prognostic Utility as Cancer Biomarkers. Int J Biol Markers 2016; 31:e26-37. [DOI: 10.5301/jbm.5000174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Purpose To provide information about the role of microRNAs in the pathogenesis of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and their diagnostic and prognostic utility as cancer biomarkers. Methods A literature search was performed in the PubMed and Web of Science databases using the keywords “renal cancer/renal cell carcinoma/kidney cancer” and “miR*/miRNA*/microRNA*”. Articles dealing with the role of miRNAs in the pathogenesis of RCC, diagnostic miRNAs and prognostic miRNAs were separated. Results MiRNAs act both as oncogenes and tumor suppressors. They regulate apoptosis, cell growth, migration, invasion, proliferation, colony formation and angiogenesis through target proteins involved in several signaling pathways, and they are involved in key pathogenetic mechanisms such as hypoxia (HIF/VHL dependent) and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. Differentially expressed miRNAs can discriminate either tumor tissue from healthy renal tissue or different RCC subtypes. Circulating miRNAs are promissing as diagnostic biomarkers of RCC. Information about urinary miRNAs associated with RCC is sparse. Detection of a relapse is another implication of diagnostic miRNAs. The expression profiles of several miRNAs correlate with the prognosis of RCC patients. Comparison between primary tumor tissue and metastasis may help identify high-risk primary tumors. Finally, response to target therapy can be estimated thanks to differences in miRNA expression in tissue and serum of therapy-resistant versus therapy-sensitive patients. Conclusions Our understanding of the role of microRNAs in RCC pathogenesis has been increasing dramatically. Identification and validation of their gene targets may have direct impact on developing microRNA-based anticancer therapy. Several microRNAs can serve as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers.
Collapse
|
32
|
Rasti A, Mehrazma M, Madjd Z, Keshtkar AA, Roudi R, Babashah S. Diagnostic and prognostic accuracy of miR-21 in renal cell carcinoma: a systematic review protocol. BMJ Open 2016; 6:e009667. [PMID: 26729387 PMCID: PMC4716203 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2015-009667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is the most common neoplasm in adult kidneys. One of the most important unmet medical needs in RCC is a prognostic biomarker to enable identification of patients at high risk of relapse after nephrectomy. New biomarkers can help improve diagnosis and hence the management of patients with renal cancer. Thus, this systematic review aims to clarify the prognostic and diagnostic accuracy of miR-21 in patients with RCC. METHODS AND ANALYSIS We will include observational studies evaluating the diagnostic and prognostic roles of miR-21 in patients with renal cancer. The index test and reference standards should ideally be performed on all patients. We will search PubMed, SCOPUS and ISI Web of Science with no restriction of language. The outcome will be survival measures in adult patients with RCC. Study selection and data extraction will be performed by two independent reviewers. QUADAS-1 will be used to assess study quality. Publication bias and data synthesis will be assessed by funnel plots and Begg's and Egger's tests using Stata software V.11.1. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION No ethical issues are predicted. These findings will be published in a peer-reviewed journal and presented at national and international conferences. TRAIL REGISTRATION NUMBER This systematic review protocol is registered in the PROSPERO International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews, registration number CRD42015025001.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arezoo Rasti
- Oncopathology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mitra Mehrazma
- Oncopathology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Department of Pathology, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Madjd
- Oncopathology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Department of Pathology, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abbas Ali Keshtkar
- Department of Health Sciences Education Development, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Raheleh Roudi
- Oncopathology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sadegh Babashah
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Butz H, Nofech-Mozes R, Ding Q, Khella HWZ, Szabó PM, Jewett M, Finelli A, Lee J, Ordon M, Stewart R, Krylov S, Yousef GM. Exosomal MicroRNAs Are Diagnostic Biomarkers and Can Mediate Cell-Cell Communication in Renal Cell Carcinoma. Eur Urol Focus 2015; 2:210-218. [PMID: 28723537 DOI: 10.1016/j.euf.2015.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2015] [Accepted: 11/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Apart from an invasive biopsy, currently no tools are available to confirm the diagnosis of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC); this resulted in approximately 30% of patients being diagnosed with metastatic disease. OBJECTIVE To determine whether urinary microRNAs (miRNAs) can serve as biomarkers to confirm the diagnosis of ccRCC. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS Global miRNA expression was assessed in 28 preoperative urine samples from patients with ccRCC and 18 healthy participants. The independent validation set consisted of 81 ccRCC patients, 24 patients with benign lesions, and 33 healthy participants. We extracted both cell-free and exosomal RNA for miRNA expression analysis using miRNA-specific polymerase chain reaction assays. We also investigated exosomal miRNA secretion in cell line models and performed exosome transfer between RCC and endothelial cell types. OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS AND STATISTICAL ANALYSIS Receiver operating characteristic analysis was applied to identify the discrimination power of miRNAs. RESULTS AND LIMITATIONS Overall, miR-126-3p combined with miR-449a or with miR-34b-5p could significantly distinguish ccRCC patients from healthy participants (miR-126-3p-miR-449a: area under the curve [AUC]: 0.84; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.7620-0.9151; p<0.001; miR-126-3p-miR-34b-5p: AUC: 0.79; 95% CI, 0.7013-0.8815; p<0.001). The combination of miR-126-3p and miR-34b-5p was also able to distinguish small renal masses (pT1a, ≤4cm) from healthy controls (AUC: 0.79; 95% CI, 0.6848-0.8980; p<0.001). Using miR-126-3p and miR-486-5p in combination, we were able to differentiate between benign lesions and ccRCC (AUC: 0.85; 95% CI, 0.7295-0.9615; p<0.01). The expression of a number of miRNAs returned to a level comparable with health after surgery. Kidney cancer cell lines were found to secrete exosomal miR-126-3p, miR-17-5p, miR-21-3p, and miR-25-3p, and these miRNAs were found to be internalized by other cell types. CONCLUSIONS We identified exosomal miRNAs as potential noninvasive diagnostic urinary biomarkers for ccRCC and provided evidence that miRNAs are secreted by the tumor and can function as a tool for intercellular communication. PATIENT SUMMARY We identified urinary microRNAs that can serve as diagnostic biomarkers for clear cell renal cell carcinoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Henriett Butz
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and the Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science of St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Roy Nofech-Mozes
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and the Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science of St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Qiang Ding
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and the Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science of St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Heba W Z Khella
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and the Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science of St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Peter M Szabó
- Biometric Research Branch, Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Michael Jewett
- Department of Surgery, Princess Margaret Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Antonio Finelli
- Department of Surgery, Princess Margaret Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jason Lee
- Department of Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Michael Ordon
- Department of Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Robert Stewart
- Department of Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sergey Krylov
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Research on Biomolecular Interactions, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - George M Yousef
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and the Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science of St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Chen D, Li Y, Li Y, Jin L, Su Z, Yu Z, Yang S, Mao X, Lai Y. Tumor suppressive microRNA‑429 regulates cellular function by targeting VEGF in clear cell renal cell carcinoma. Mol Med Rep 2015; 13:1361-6. [PMID: 26647818 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2015.4653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2014] [Accepted: 10/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is the predominant and most aggressive type of kidney malignancy, however, the mechanism underlying its carcinogenesis remains to be elucidated. The present study aimed to determine the expression and function of microRNA (miR)‑429 in ccRCC carcinogenesis. Reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT‑qPCR) was used to detect the expression of miR‑429 in ccRCC specimens. Following transfection of miR‑429 synthetic mimics, the expression of miR‑429 was examined and cell proliferation, cell migration, apoptosis and luciferase assays were conducted in ccRCC cell lines. The results demonstrated that expression of miR‑429 was decreased in ccRCC cells. In addition, upregulation of miR‑429 by transfection of mimics reduced cellular proliferation and migration, and induced apoptosis in ACHN and 786‑0 cell lines. Furthermore, miR‑429 decreased the 3'UTR luciferase activity of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and c‑MYC, and RT‑qPCR analysis demonstrated that the cancer cells transfected with miR‑429 mimics exhibited decreased expression of VEGF, but not c‑MYC. To the best of our knowledge, the present study was the first to reveal that downregulated miR‑429 functioned as a tumor suppressor by restraining cellular proliferation and migration, and inducing apoptosis, as well as targeting VEGF in ccRCC cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Duqun Chen
- Department of Urology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Institute of Urology of Shenzhen PKU‑HKUST Medical Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518036, P.R. China
| | - Yuchi Li
- The Guangdong and Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Male Reproductive Medicine and Genetics, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Institute of Urology of Shenzhen PKU‑HKUST Medical Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518036, P.R. China
| | - Yifan Li
- Department of Urology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Institute of Urology of Shenzhen PKU‑HKUST Medical Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518036, P.R. China
| | - Lu Jin
- Department of Urology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Institute of Urology of Shenzhen PKU‑HKUST Medical Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518036, P.R. China
| | - Zhengming Su
- Department of Urology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Institute of Urology of Shenzhen PKU‑HKUST Medical Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518036, P.R. China
| | - Zuhu Yu
- Department of Urology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Institute of Urology of Shenzhen PKU‑HKUST Medical Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518036, P.R. China
| | - Shangqi Yang
- Department of Urology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Institute of Urology of Shenzhen PKU‑HKUST Medical Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518036, P.R. China
| | - Xiangming Mao
- Department of Urology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Institute of Urology of Shenzhen PKU‑HKUST Medical Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518036, P.R. China
| | - Yongqing Lai
- Department of Urology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Institute of Urology of Shenzhen PKU‑HKUST Medical Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518036, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Zhao X, Zhu D, Lu C, Yan D, Li L, Chen Z. MicroRNA-126 inhibits the migration and invasion of endometrial cancer cells by targeting insulin receptor substrate 1. Oncol Lett 2015; 11:1207-1212. [PMID: 26893720 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2015.4001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2015] [Accepted: 11/19/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRs) have been demonstrated to serve important roles in the development and progression of human cancer, primarily through the direct targeting of oncogenes or tumor suppressors. It has been previously suggested that miR-126 may be associated with endometrial cancer (EC). However, the exact role of miR-126 in the migration and invasion of EC cells has not yet been studied. The present study demonstrated that the expression of miR-126 was significantly decreased in EC tissues when compared with matched normal adjacent tissues. The current study reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction was performed in order to examine the expression level of miR-126. Wound healing and transwell assays were used to examine cell migration and invasion. A luciferase reporter assay was used to determine the targeting relationship and western blotting assay was performed to detect the protein expression. Furthermore, the overexpression of miR-126 significantly inhibited EC SKOV3 cell migration and invasion. Molecular mechanism investigation established that insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS1) functioned as a direct miR-126 target, and its expression was negatively regulated by miR-126 at a post-transcriptional level in the SKOV3 cells. Additionally, the overexpression of IRS1 reversed the inhibitory effect of miR-126 overexpression on SKOV3 cell migration and invasion. In conclusion, the current study demonstrated that miR-126 inhibited EC cell migration and invasion, at least partially through the direct targeting of IRS1, suggesting that miR-126 may aid the treatment of EC metastasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiumin Zhao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First People's Hospital of Taizhou City, Taizhou, Zhejiang 318020, P.R. China
| | - Danyang Zhu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First People's Hospital of Taizhou City, Taizhou, Zhejiang 318020, P.R. China
| | - Cailing Lu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First People's Hospital of Taizhou City, Taizhou, Zhejiang 318020, P.R. China
| | - Dewen Yan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First People's Hospital of Taizhou City, Taizhou, Zhejiang 318020, P.R. China
| | - Lifeng Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First People's Hospital of Taizhou City, Taizhou, Zhejiang 318020, P.R. China
| | - Zhoufang Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First People's Hospital of Taizhou City, Taizhou, Zhejiang 318020, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Kalogirou C, Schäfer D, Krebs M, Kurz F, Schneider A, Riedmiller H, Kneitz B, Vergho D. Metformin-Derived Growth Inhibition in Renal Cell Carcinoma Depends on miR-21-Mediated PTEN Expression. Urol Int 2015; 96:106-15. [PMID: 26496641 DOI: 10.1159/000441011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2015] [Accepted: 09/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Metformin (MF) acts as a tumour-suppressor in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) by inhibiting the AKT/mTOR pathway via AMPK activation. Here, we explore the influence of miR-21 and its target gene PTEN on MF effects in CAKI-1 and CAKI-2 cells. METHODS Proliferation assays (MTS) and qRT-PCR after transient transfection with pre- and anti-miR-21 and MF treatment were conducted. AMPK-dependency was assessed via transfection of siAMPK. The expression of PTEN, AKT and miR-21 after transient pre-miR-21 transfection and MF treatment was analysed. RESULTS We demonstrate that CAKI-1 cells, which were found to be less sensitive towards MF, showed a significant higher miR-21 and lower PTEN expression than CAKI-2. This was confirmed in a primary RCC collective (n = 28): miR-21 and PTEN expression correlated negatively. MF treatment lowered miR-21 AMPK-dependently and increased PTEN expression in the cell lines. Ectopic miR-21 regulation modulated MF sensitivity. Western blot analysis showed that pre-miR-21 transfection and MF treatment regulated PTEN expression with impact on pAKT levels in the cells. CONCLUSIONS We show that differing MF sensitivity in RCC cells is associated with and mediated through the regulation of miR-21/PTEN expression with an impact on subsequent AKT signalling. This provides imaginable clinical implications regarding MF therapy of RCC patients for the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Charis Kalogirou
- Department of Urology and Paediatric Urology, Julius Maximilians University Medical Centre of Wx00FC;rzburg, Wx00FC;rzburg, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
MicroRNAs in clear cell renal cell carcinoma: biological functions and applications. J Kidney Cancer VHL 2015; 2:140-152. [PMID: 28326269 PMCID: PMC5345517 DOI: 10.15586/jkcvhl.2015.40] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2015] [Accepted: 08/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRs) are small noncoding RNAs that govern many biological processes. They frequently acquire a gain or a loss of function in cancer and hence play a causative role in the development and progression of neoplasms. They could be used as biomarkers to improve our knowledge on diagnosis, prognosis and drug resistance, and to attempt therapeutic approaches in several types of cancer including clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). ccRCC is the most predominant subtype of RCC that accounts for about 90% of all renal cancers. Since ccRCC is generally asymptomatic until very late, it is difficult to diagnose early. Moreover, in the absence of preventive treatments for metastatic ccRCC after surgical resection of the primary cancer, predictive prognostic biomarkers are needed in order to achieve appropriate therapies. Herein the role of miRs in the biology of ccRCC and the potential applications of these molecules are discussed. Moreover, future applications in the diagnostic and prognostic field, as well as their impact on drug response and therapeutic targets are also explored. Their use in clinical practice as molecular biomarkers alone, or in combination with other biological markers could accelerate progress, help design personalized therapies, limit side effects, and improve quality of life of ccRCC patients.
Collapse
|
38
|
Liu W, Zhao ZY, Shi L, Yuan WD. Tissue microRNA-126 expression level predicts outcome in human osteosarcoma. Diagn Pathol 2015; 10:116. [PMID: 26194657 PMCID: PMC4509614 DOI: 10.1186/s13000-015-0329-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2014] [Accepted: 06/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background MicroRNA-126 has been found to be consistently under-expressed in osteosarcoma tissues and cell lines compared with normal bone tissues and normal osteoblast cells, respectively. The purpose of the present study was to detect the expression levels of miR-126 in osteosarcoma patients and to further investigate the clinicopathological, and prognostic value of miR-126. Methods We recruited 122 patients with osteosarcomas from the Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Yantaishan Hospital between May 2008 and April 2013. The expression level of miR-126 was determined by qRT-PCR. Associations between miR-126 expression and various clinicopathological characteristics were analyzed using the χ2 test. Survival rate was determined with Kaplan-Meier and statistically analyzed with the log-rank method between groups. Survival data were evaluated through multivariate Cox regression analysis. Results miR-126 expression was significantly decreased in osteosarcoma tissues compared to adjacent normal bone tissues (2.421 ± 1.250 vs. 6.212 ± 1.843, P = 0.001). We found that low miR-126 expression had significant association with advanced TNM stage (P <0.001), distant metastasis (P <0.001), and higher tumor grade (P = 0.001). Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that the miR-126 low-expression group had significantly shorter overall survival time than those with high-expression (log-rank test, P = 0.008). Furthermore, multivariate Cox proportional hazards model analysis showed that miR-126 expression was independently associated with overall survival of patients with osteosarcoma (HR = 3.102, 95 % CI: 1.113–9.023, P = 0.018). Conclusions This is the first study revealing that miR-126 down-expression may be related to the prediction of poor prognosis for osteosarcoma patients, suggesting that miR-126 may serve as a prognostic marker for the optimization of clinical treatments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Liu
- College of Basic Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, No. 346 Guanhai Road, Laishan District, Yantai, 264003, Shandong, China.
| | - Zhong-yuan Zhao
- Department of orthopedics, Yantaishan Hospital, Yantai, 264000, Shandong, China.
| | - Lei Shi
- College of Basic Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, No. 346 Guanhai Road, Laishan District, Yantai, 264003, Shandong, China.
| | - Wen-dan Yuan
- College of Basic Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, No. 346 Guanhai Road, Laishan District, Yantai, 264003, Shandong, China.
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Low Expression of miR-126 Is a Prognostic Marker for Metastatic Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2015; 185:693-703. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2014.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2014] [Revised: 11/07/2014] [Accepted: 11/13/2014] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
|
40
|
Wang WY, Zhang HF, Wang L, Ma YP, Gao F, Zhang SJ, Wang LC. miR-21 expression predicts prognosis in hepatocellular carcinoma. Clin Res Hepatol Gastroenterol 2014; 38:715-9. [PMID: 25150373 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinre.2014.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2014] [Revised: 06/17/2014] [Accepted: 07/04/2014] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim was to investigate the expression level of miR-21 in HCC tissues and its prognostic value among Asian population. METHODS In the present study, expression of miR-21 was evaluated by qRT- PCR in tumor and adjacent non-neoplastic tissues in 119 HCC patients. The association of miR-21 expression with clinicopathological factors and the prognosis of HCC patients was also analyzed. Survival analysis was performed using the Kaplan-Meier method and Cox's proportional hazards model. RESULTS We found that miR-21 expression was significantly higher in HCC tissues compared with normal adjacent liver tissues (P<0.0001). The 5-year overall survival (OS) of high miR-21 expression group was significantly shorter than that of low miR-21 expression group (40.2% vs. 70.7%; P=0.007). Moreover, the 5-year disease-free survival (DFS) of high miR-21 expression group was also significantly shorter than that of low miR-21 expression group (17.4% vs. 57.3%; P=0.001). Furthermore, in a multivariate Cox model, we found that miR-21 expression was an independent poor prognostic factor for both 5-year OS (hazards ratio [HR]=3.189, 95% confidence interval [CI]=1.911-10.012, P=0.03) and 5-year DFS (HR=5.897, CI=3.009-13.763, P<0.001) in HCC. CONCLUSIONS The results of the present study suggested miR-21 expression level could be a novel potential biomarker for HCC prognosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Yao Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical university, Shijiazhuang, 050000 Hebei, China.
| | - Hong-Fei Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical university, Shijiazhuang, 050000 Hebei, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical university, Shijiazhuang, 050000 Hebei, China
| | - Yan-Peng Ma
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical university, Shijiazhuang, 050000 Hebei, China
| | - Fei Gao
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical university, Shijiazhuang, 050000 Hebei, China
| | - Shao-Jun Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical university, Shijiazhuang, 050000 Hebei, China
| | - Li-Chao Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical university, Shijiazhuang, 050000 Hebei, China
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Vergho DC, Kneitz S, Kalogirou C, Burger M, Krebs M, Rosenwald A, Spahn M, Löser A, Kocot A, Riedmiller H, Kneitz B. Impact of miR-21, miR-126 and miR-221 as prognostic factors of clear cell renal cell carcinoma with tumor thrombus of the inferior vena cava. PLoS One 2014; 9:e109877. [PMID: 25279769 PMCID: PMC4184907 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0109877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2014] [Accepted: 09/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) characterized by a tumor thrombus (TT) extending into the inferior vena cava (IVC) generally indicates poor prognosis. Nevertheless, the risk for tumor recurrence after nephrectomy and thrombectomy varies. An applicable and accurate prediction system to select ccRCC patients with TT of the IVC (ccRCC/TT) at high risk after nephrectomy is urgently needed, but has not been established up to now. To our knowledge, a possible role of microRNAs (miRs) for the development of ccRCC/TT or their impact as prognostic markers in ccRCC/TT has not been explored yet. Therefore, we analyzed the expression of the previously described onco-miRs miR-200c, miR-210, miR-126, miR-221, let-7b, miR-21, miR-143 and miR-141 in a study collective of 74 ccRCC patients. Using the expression profiles of these eight miRs we developed classification systems that accurately differentiate ccRCC from non-cancerous renal tissue and ccRCC/TT from tumors without TT. In the subgroup of 37 ccRCC/TT cases we found that miR-21, miR-126, and miR-221 predicted cancer related death (CRD) accurately and independently from other clinico-pathological features. Furthermore, a combined risk score based on the expression of miR-21, miR-126 and miR-221 was developed and showed high sensitivity and specificity to predict cancer specific survival (CSS) in ccRCC/TT. Using the combined risk score we were able to classify ccRCC/TT patients correctly into high and low risk cases. The risk stratification by the combined risk score (CRS) will benefit from further cohort validation and might have potential for clinical application as a molecular prediction system to identify high- risk ccRCC/TT patients.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Aged
- Biomarkers, Tumor/genetics
- Carcinoma, Papillary/genetics
- Carcinoma, Papillary/mortality
- Carcinoma, Papillary/pathology
- Carcinoma, Renal Cell/genetics
- Carcinoma, Renal Cell/mortality
- Carcinoma, Renal Cell/pathology
- Case-Control Studies
- Female
- Follow-Up Studies
- Humans
- Kidney Neoplasms/genetics
- Kidney Neoplasms/mortality
- Kidney Neoplasms/pathology
- Male
- MicroRNAs/genetics
- Neoplasm Grading
- Neoplasm Staging
- Prognosis
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Survival Rate
- Thrombosis/metabolism
- Thrombosis/pathology
- Vena Cava, Inferior/metabolism
- Vena Cava, Inferior/pathology
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Claudius Vergho
- Department of Urology and Pediatric Urology, Julius Maximilians University Medical Center, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Susanne Kneitz
- Physiological Chemistry I, Biocenter, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Charis Kalogirou
- Department of Urology and Pediatric Urology, Julius Maximilians University Medical Center, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Maximilian Burger
- Department of Urology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Markus Krebs
- Department of Urology and Pediatric Urology, Julius Maximilians University Medical Center, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Rosenwald
- Department of Pathology, Comprehensive Cancer Center Mainfranken (CCCM), University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Martin Spahn
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Andreas Löser
- Department of Urology and Pediatric Urology, Julius Maximilians University Medical Center, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Arkadius Kocot
- Department of Urology and Pediatric Urology, Julius Maximilians University Medical Center, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Hubertus Riedmiller
- Department of Urology and Pediatric Urology, Julius Maximilians University Medical Center, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Burkhard Kneitz
- Department of Urology and Pediatric Urology, Julius Maximilians University Medical Center, Würzburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Fu Q, Liu Z, Pan D, Zhang W, Xu L, Zhu Y, Liu H, Xu J. Tumor miR-125b predicts recurrence and survival of patients with clear-cell renal cell carcinoma after surgical resection. Cancer Sci 2014; 105:1427-34. [PMID: 25155155 PMCID: PMC4462383 DOI: 10.1111/cas.12507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2014] [Revised: 08/07/2014] [Accepted: 08/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aims to evaluate the impact of tumor microRNA-125b (miR-125b) on recurrence and survival of patients with clear-cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) following surgery. We retrospectively enrolled 276 patients (200 in the training cohort and 76 in the validation cohort) with ccRCC undergoing nephrectomy at a single institution. Clinicopathologic features, cancer-specific survival (CSS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS) were recorded. Tumor miR-125b levels were assessed by in situ hybridization (ISH) in specimens of patients. The Kaplan–Meier method was applied to compare survival curves. Cox regression models were used to analyze the impact of prognostic factors on CSS and RFS. A concordance index (C-index) was calculated to assess predictive accuracy. In both cohorts, tumor miR-125b positively correlated with Fuhrman grade. High tumor miR-125b indicated poor survival and early recurrence for patients with ccRCC, especially with advanced stage disease. After multivariable adjustment, tumor miR-125b was identified as an independent adverse prognostic factor for survival and recurrence. The predictive accuracy of traditional TNM and UCLA Integrated Staging System prognostic models was improved when tumor miR-125b was added. The results showed that tumor miR-125b is a potential independent adverse prognostic biomarker for recurrence and survival of patients with ccRCC after nephrectomy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Fu
- Key Laboratory of Glycoconjugate Research, MOH, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Wang Z, Wei M, Ren Y, Liu H, Wang M, Shi K, Jiang H. miR149 rs71428439 polymorphism and risk of clear cell renal cell carcinoma: a case-control study. Tumour Biol 2014; 35:12127-30. [PMID: 25213695 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-014-2517-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2014] [Accepted: 08/15/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (CCRCC) is the most common subtype of renal cell cancer and accounts for 70 % of renal cell cancer. CCRCC remains an enigmatic tumor type, as the molecular genetic mechanisms are still unclear. MicroRNA (miR) 149 functions as a tumor suppressor and plays an important role in the carcinogenesis of renal cells. In this study, we enrolled 1,000 CCRCC patients and 1,000 cancer-free controls to evaluate the association of miR149 rs71428439 with the risk of CCRCC by a case-control study to determine the effects on CCRCC risk. miR149 rs71428439 was significantly associated with increased CCRCC risk (odds ratio (OR) for trend = 1.53, P for trend = 4.04 × 10(-11)), with ORs (95 % confidence intervals (CIs)) of 1.42 (1.17-1.72) associated with AG genotype and 2.27 (1.76-2.94) associated with GG genotype, compared with subjects with AA genotype. The expression levels of miR149 in cancer tissues were significantly lower than those in adjacent normal tissues (P = 0.005), and per G allele has significantly lower miR149 levels in both tumor tissues and adjacent normal tissues. Our data suggest that the GG genotypes of miR149 rs71428439 predispose their carriers to CCRCC, and miR149 rs71428439 may be a new biomarker for predicting the risk of CCRCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhigang Wang
- School of Medicine Dialysis Center of First Affiliated Hospital of Medicine School, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 277 West Yanta Street, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
The regulatory role of icariin on apoptosis in mouse preimplantation embryos with reduced microRNA-21. Theriogenology 2014; 82:461-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2014.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2014] [Revised: 05/10/2014] [Accepted: 05/10/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
|
45
|
Arafar A. Cytokine induced killer cell immunotherapy in cancer treatment: from bench to bedside. BIOMEDICAL RESEARCH AND THERAPY 2014. [DOI: 10.7603/s40730-014-0012-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
|