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Ren S, Pan R, Wang Z. Development and experimental verification of novel angiogenesis related prognostic model and immune infiltration characterization in osteosarcoma. Discov Oncol 2024; 15:411. [PMID: 39237807 PMCID: PMC11377409 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-024-01292-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2024] [Accepted: 08/30/2024] [Indexed: 09/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND As the most common primary bone cancer, osteosarcoma (OS) still lacks satisfactory therapeutic outcomes. Therefore, it is crucial to further evaluate OS at different risk levels and identify new intervention targets. Many evidences suggest the important role of angiogenesis in OS, but further exploration is needed. METHODS We utilized public databases TARGET and GEO and employed bioinformatics algorithms such as LASSO, univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses, and unsupervised consensus clustering to explore the role of angiogenesis-related genes (AGRGs) in OS. By calculating AGRG scores, we further analyzed OS molecular subtypes based on AGRGs. The correlation between AGRG scores and immune infiltration was subsequently examined. In vitro experiments, including WB, PCR, siRNA, migration, and invasion assays, were used to determine the value of the selected targets for OS. RESULTS Ultimately, we established an OS prognosis model based on five AGRGs (COL5A2, CXCL6, FSTL1, NRP1, and TNFRSF21) that can independently validate prognosis levels. In vitro experiments confirmed the aberrant expression of CXCL6 in OS and its potential role in migration and invasion. CONCLUSION Our study reveals the impact of angiogenesis on OS from a novel perspective and provides potential intervention targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengquan Ren
- Department of Hand and Foot Microsurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, China
| | - Rongfang Pan
- Department of Nutrition, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, China
| | - Zhengdan Wang
- Department of Hand and Foot Microsurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, China.
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Wang X, Ding R, Fu Z, Yang M, Li D, Zhou Y, Qin C, Zhang W, Si L, Zhang J, Chai Y. Overexpression of miR-506-3p reversed doxorubicin resistance in drug-resistant osteosarcoma cells. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1303732. [PMID: 38420199 PMCID: PMC10899521 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1303732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and objective: Osteosarcoma is a common primary malignant tumor of bone, and doxorubicin is one of the most widely used therapeutic drugs. While the problem of doxorubicin resistance limits the long-term treatment benefits in osteosarcoma patients. The role of miRNAs and their target genes in osteosarcoma have become increasingly prominent. Currently, there is no report on miR-506-3p reversing doxorubicin resistance by targeting STAT3 in osteosarcoma. The purpose of this study was to investigate the molecular mechanism that overexpression of miR-506-3p reverses doxorubicin resistance in drug-resistant osteosarcoma cells. Methods: Doxorubicin-resistant osteosarcoma cells (U-2OS/Dox) were constructed by intermittent stepwise increasing stoichiometry. The target genes of miR-506-3p were predicted by bioinformatics approach and the targeting relationship between miR-506-3p and STAT3 was detected using dual luciferase reporter assay. U-2OS/Dox cells were treated with miR-506-3p overexpression and STAT3 silencing respectively. Then Western blot and RT-qPCR were used to detect the protein and mRNA expression levels of JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway, drug-resistant and apoptotic associated molecules. The migration and invasion were assessed by cell scratch assay and transwell assay. The cell proliferative viability and apoptosis were investigated by CCK8 assay and flow cytometry assay. Results: U-2OS/Dox cells were successfully constructed with a 14.4-fold resistance. MiR-506-3p is directly bound to the 3'-UTR of STAT3 mRNA. Compared with U-2OS cells, the mRNA expression of miR-506-3p was reduced in U-2OS/Dox cells. Overexpression of miR-506-3p decreased the mRNA expression levels of JAK2, STAT3, MDR1/ABCB1, MRP1/ABCC1, Survivin and Bcl-2, and decreased the protein expression levels of p-JAK2, STAT3, MDR1/ABCB1, MRP1/ABCC1, Survivin and Bcl-2, and conversely increased Bax expression. It also inhibited the proliferation, migration and invasion of U-2OS/Dox cells and promoted cells apoptosis. The results of STAT3 silencing experiments in the above indicators were consistent with that of miR-506-3p overexpression. Conclusion: Overexpression of miR-506-3p could inhibit the JAK2/STAT3 pathway and the malignant biological behaviors, then further reverse doxorubicin resistance in drug-resistant osteosarcoma cells. The study reported a new molecular mechanism for reversing the resistance of osteosarcoma to doxorubicin chemotherapy and provided theoretical support for solving the clinical problems of doxorubicin resistance in osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinru Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Rumeng Ding
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Zhe Fu
- Department of General Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Meng Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Duolu Li
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yubing Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Chongzhen Qin
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Wenda Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Liuzhe Si
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Jingmin Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yuna Chai
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
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3
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Tornín J, Mateu-Sanz M, Rey V, Murillo D, Huergo C, Gallego B, Rodríguez A, Rodríguez R, Canal C. Cold plasma and inhibition of STAT3 selectively target tumorigenicity in osteosarcoma. Redox Biol 2023; 62:102685. [PMID: 36989573 PMCID: PMC10074989 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2023.102685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is a malignant type of bone cancer that arises in periods of increased bone formation. Curative strategies for these types of tumors have remained essentially unchanged for decades and the overall survival for most advanced cases is still dismally low. This is in part due to the existence of drug resistant Cancer Stem Cells (CSC) with progenitor properties that are responsible for tumor relapse and metastasis. In the quest for therapeutic alternatives for OS, Cold Atmospheric Plasmas and Plasma-Treated Liquids (PTL) have come to the limelight as a source of Reactive Oxygen and Nitrogen Species displaying selectivity towards a variety of cancer cell lines. However, their effects on CSC subpopulations and in vivo tumor growth have been barely studied to date. By employing bioengineered 3D tumor models and in vivo assays, here we show that low doses of PTL increase the levels of pro-stemness factors and the self-renewal ability of OS cells, coupled to an enhanced in vivo tumor growth potential. This could have critical implications to the field. By proposing a combined treatment, our results demonstrate that the deleterious pro-stemness signals mediated by PTL can be abrogated when this is combined with the STAT3 inhibitor S3I-201, resulting in a strong suppression of in vivo tumor growth. Overall, our study unveils an undesirable stem cell-promoting function of PTL in cancer and supports the use of combinatorial strategies with STAT3 inhibitors as an efficient treatment for OS avoiding critical side effects. We anticipate our work to be a starting point for wider studies using relevant 3D tumor models to evaluate the effects of plasma-based therapies on tumor subpopulations of different cancer types. Furthermore, combination with STAT3 inhibition or other suitable cancer type-specific targets can be relevant to consolidate the development of the field.
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4
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Mthethwa PG, Marais LC, Ramsuran V, Aldous CM. A Systematic Review of the Heterogenous Gene Expression Patterns Associated with Multidrug Chemoresistance in Conventional Osteosarcoma. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:genes14040832. [PMID: 37107591 PMCID: PMC10137822 DOI: 10.3390/genes14040832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Multidrug chemoresistance (MDR) remains the most significant obstacle to improving survival in osteosarcoma patients. Heterogeneous genetic alterations characterise the tumour microenvironment, and host molecular markers have been associated with MDR. This systematic review examines the genetic alterations of molecular biomarkers associated with multidrug chemotherapy resistance in genome-wide analysis of central high-grade conventional osteosarcoma (COS). We systematically searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, Wiley online library and Scopus. Only human studies involving genome-wide analysis were included, while candidate gene, in vitro and animal studies were excluded. The risk of bias of the studies was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale. The systematic search identified 1355 records. Following the screening, six studies were included in the qualitative analysis. There were 473 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) associated with chemotherapy response in COS. Fifty-seven of those were associated with MDR in osteosarcoma. The heterogeneous gene expressions were related to the mechanism of MDR in osteosarcoma. The mechanisms include drug-related sensitivity genes, bone remodelling and signal transduction. Complex, variable and heterogenous gene expression patterns underpin MDR in osteosarcoma. Further research is needed to identify the most relevant alterations for prognostication and to guide the development of possible therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phakamani Goodman Mthethwa
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Dr. Pixley Ka Isaka Seme Memorial Hospital, University of KwaZulu-Natal, 310 Bhejane Street, KwaMashu, Durban 4360, South Africa
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +27-031-020-0366
| | - Leonard Charles Marais
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Clinical Medicine, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, 719 Umbilo Road, Durban 4001, South Africa
| | - Veron Ramsuran
- KwaZulu-Natal Research Innovation Platform (KRISP), University of KwaZulu-Natal, 719 Umbilo Road, Durban 4001, South Africa
| | - Collen Michelle Aldous
- Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, 719 Umbilo Road, Durban 4001, South Africa
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Lee JK, Ha JH, Kim DK, Kwon J, Cho YE, Kwun IS. Depletion of Zinc Causes Osteoblast Apoptosis with Elevation of Leptin Secretion and Phosphorylation of JAK2/STAT3. Nutrients 2022; 15:nu15010077. [PMID: 36615735 PMCID: PMC9824754 DOI: 10.3390/nu15010077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Zinc (Zn) has been reported to mediate leptin secretion, and thus leptin can be an important candidate molecule linking Zn with bone formation. The present study investigated whether zinc deficiency induces leptin secretion by activating a JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway and leads to osteoblastic apoptosis. MC3T3-E1 cells were incubated for 24 h in normal osteogenic differentiation medium (OSM) or OSM treated with either 1 μM (Low Zn) or 15 μM (High Zn) of ZnCl2 containing 5 μM TPEN (Zn chelator). Our results demonstrated that low Zn stimulated extracellular leptin secretion and increased mRNA and protein expression of leptin in osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells. The OB-Rb (long isoform of leptin receptor) expressions were also elevated in osteoblasts under depletion of Zn. Leptin-signaling proteins, JAK2 and p-JAK2 in the cytosol of low Zn osteoblast conveyed leptin signaling, which ultimately induced higher p-STAT3 expression in the nucleus. Apoptotic effects of JAK2/STAT3 pathway were shown by increased caspase-3 in low Zn osteoblasts as well as apoptotic morphological features observed by TEM. Together, these data suggest that low Zn modulates leptin secretion by activating JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway and induces apoptosis of osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer K. Lee
- Food Science and Human Nutrition Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Jung-Heun Ha
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Do-Kyun Kim
- Zoonosis Research Institute, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan 54531, Republic of Korea
| | - JaeHee Kwon
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Andong National University, 388 Songchundong, Andong 36729, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Eun Cho
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Andong National University, 388 Songchundong, Andong 36729, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: (Y.-E.C.); (I.-S.K.); Tel.: +82-54-820-5484 (Y.-E.C.)
| | - In-Sook Kwun
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Andong National University, 388 Songchundong, Andong 36729, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: (Y.-E.C.); (I.-S.K.); Tel.: +82-54-820-5484 (Y.-E.C.)
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Todosenko N, Yurova K, Khaziakhmatova O, Malashchenko V, Khlusov I, Litvinova L. Heparin and Heparin-Based Drug Delivery Systems: Pleiotropic Molecular Effects at Multiple Drug Resistance of Osteosarcoma and Immune Cells. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14102181. [PMID: 36297616 PMCID: PMC9612132 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14102181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the main problems of modern health care is the growing number of oncological diseases both in the elderly and young population. Inadequately effective chemotherapy, which remains the main method of cancer control, is largely associated with the emergence of multidrug resistance in tumor cells. The search for new solutions to overcome the resistance of malignant cells to pharmacological agents is being actively pursued. Another serious problem is immunosuppression caused both by the tumor cells themselves and by antitumor drugs. Of great interest in this context is heparin, a biomolecule belonging to the class of glycosaminoglycans and possessing a broad spectrum of biological activity, including immunomodulatory and antitumor properties. In the context of the rapid development of the new field of “osteoimmunology,” which focuses on the collaboration of bone and immune cells, heparin and delivery systems based on it may be of intriguing importance for the oncotherapy of malignant bone tumors. Osteosarcoma is a rare but highly aggressive, chemoresistant malignant tumor that affects young adults and is characterized by constant recurrence and metastasis. This review describes the direct and immune-mediated regulatory effects of heparin and drug delivery systems based on it on the molecular mechanisms of (multiple) drug resistance in (onco) pathological conditions of bone tissue, especially osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Todosenko
- Center for Immunology and Cellular Biotechnology, Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, 236001 Kaliningrad, Russia
| | - Kristina Yurova
- Center for Immunology and Cellular Biotechnology, Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, 236001 Kaliningrad, Russia
| | - Olga Khaziakhmatova
- Center for Immunology and Cellular Biotechnology, Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, 236001 Kaliningrad, Russia
| | - Vladimir Malashchenko
- Center for Immunology and Cellular Biotechnology, Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, 236001 Kaliningrad, Russia
| | - Igor Khlusov
- Department of Morphology and General Pathology, Siberian State Medical University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
| | - Larisa Litvinova
- Center for Immunology and Cellular Biotechnology, Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, 236001 Kaliningrad, Russia
- Correspondence:
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7
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Shu H, Yuan B, Huang Y, Wang L, He B, Sun Q, Sun L. High expression of ABCG2 is associated with chemotherapy resistance of osteosarcoma. J Orthop Surg Res 2021; 16:85. [PMID: 33509236 PMCID: PMC7842061 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-021-02204-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Previous studies showed overexpression of ABCG2 in a variety of tumor tissues, which could potentially indicate the probability of chemotherapy resistance. This study aimed to reveal the role of ABCG2 in the development of chemotherapy resistance and the prognosis of osteosarcoma (OS). Methods Sixty-eight OS patients were included in this study. Tumor tissues were collected for each patient during surgery. DOX-resistant OS cell lines were induced by consecutive exposure of gradually increasing concentration of DOX to the parental cell lines. Lentivirus was used for the knockdown of ABCG2 in OS cells. Cells were treated with the gradient concentration of DOX, and the viability was assessed by CCK8 assay. Total RNA was isolated from the tumor tissues or tumor cells, and the expression of ABCG2 was analyzed by qPCR. The relationship between ABCG2 expression and clinicopathological characteristics of the patients was analyzed using Student’s t test or the Chi-square test. The overall survival time was calculated by the Kaplan-Meier method and analyzed by the log-rank test. p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results DOX-resistant OS cells were successfully established through continuous exposure to DOX. Forty-eight hours after DOX exposure, the IC 50 value of DOX-resistant HOS cells and DOX-resistant U2OS was 3.5 μM and 3.25 μM, respectively. By contrast, those of the untreated HOS and U2OS cells were 1.15 μM and 0.93 μM, respectively (p < 0.01). The mRNA expression level of ABCG2 was significantly increased in DOX-resistant cell lines. The CCK-8 assay showed that the DOX-resistant HOS cells and DOX-resistant U2OS cells transfected with ShABCG2 were more sensitive to the DOX treatment than those transfected with ShCtrl. Analysis of gene expression in OS tissues showed remarkably higher expression of ABCG2 as compared with adjacent normal tissues (p < 0.01). Patients with high expression level of ABCG2 had obviously decreased overall survival time than the patients with normal expression (p < 0.01). Conclusions ABCG2 expression level was significantly associated with the resistance to chemotherapy and the overall survival of OS patients. ABCG2 may be a promising therapeutic target for OS patients. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13018-021-02204-z.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Shu
- Department of Orthopedics, Sports Medicine Center, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Hanzhong Road 115, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Bin Yuan
- Department of Orthopedics, Sports Medicine Center, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Hanzhong Road 115, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Yao Huang
- Department of Orthopedics, Sports Medicine Center, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Hanzhong Road 115, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Sports Medicine Center, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Hanzhong Road 115, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Bing He
- Department of Orthopedics, Sports Medicine Center, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Hanzhong Road 115, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Qi Sun
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Luning Sun
- Department of Orthopedics, Sports Medicine Center, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Hanzhong Road 115, Nanjing, 210029, China.
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8
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Liu Y, Liao S, Bennett S, Tang H, Song D, Wood D, Zhan X, Xu J. STAT3 and its targeting inhibitors in osteosarcoma. Cell Prolif 2020; 54:e12974. [PMID: 33382511 PMCID: PMC7848963 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.12974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Revised: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) is one of seven STAT family members involved with the regulation of cellular growth, differentiation and survival. STAT proteins are conserved among eukaryotes and are important for biological functions of embryogenesis, immunity, haematopoiesis and cell migration. STAT3 is widely expressed and located in the cytoplasm in an inactive form. STAT3 is rapidly and transiently activated by tyrosine phosphorylation by a range of signalling pathways, including cytokines from the IL‐6 family and growth factors, such as EGF and PDGF. STAT3 activation and subsequent dimer formation initiates nuclear translocation of STAT3 for the regulation of target gene transcription. Four STAT3 isoforms have been identified, which have distinct biological functions. STAT3 is considered a proto‐oncogene and constitutive activation of STAT3 is implicated in the development of various cancers, including multiple myeloma, leukaemia and lymphomas. In this review, we focus on recent progress on STAT3 and osteosarcoma (OS). Notably, STAT3 is overexpressed and associated with the poor prognosis of OS. Constitutive activation of STAT3 in OS appears to upregulate the expression of target oncogenes, leading to OS cell transformation, proliferation, tumour formation, invasion, metastasis, immune evasion and drug resistance. Taken together, STAT3 is a target for cancer therapy, and STAT3 inhibitors represent potential therapeutic candidates for the treatment of OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Liu
- Department of Spine and Osteopathic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China.,Division of Regenerative Biology, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia.,Research Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Shijie Liao
- Division of Regenerative Biology, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia.,Research Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China.,Department of Trauma Orthopedic and Hand Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Samuel Bennett
- Division of Regenerative Biology, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Haijun Tang
- Department of Orthopedic, Guangxi hospital for nationalities, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Dezhi Song
- Division of Regenerative Biology, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia.,Research Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - David Wood
- Division of Regenerative Biology, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Xinli Zhan
- Department of Spine and Osteopathic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China.,Division of Regenerative Biology, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia.,Research Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Jiake Xu
- Division of Regenerative Biology, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
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Kaławaj K, Sławińska-Brych A, Mizerska-Kowalska M, Żurek A, Bojarska-Junak A, Kandefer-Szerszeń M, Zdzisińska B. Alpha Ketoglutarate Exerts In Vitro Anti-Osteosarcoma Effects through Inhibition of Cell Proliferation, Induction of Apoptosis via the JNK and Caspase 9-Dependent Mechanism, and Suppression of TGF-β and VEGF Production and Metastatic Potential of Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21249406. [PMID: 33321940 PMCID: PMC7763003 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21249406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Revised: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common type of primary bone tumor. Currently, there are limited treatment options for metastatic OS. Alpha-ketoglutarate (AKG), i.e., a multifunctional intermediate of the Krebs cycle, is one of the central metabolic regulators of tumor fate and plays an important role in cancerogenesis and tumor progression. There is growing evidence suggesting that AKG may represent a novel adjuvant therapeutic opportunity in anti-cancer therapy. The present study was intended to check whether supplementation of Saos-2 and HOS osteosarcoma cell lines (harboring a TP53 mutation) with exogenous AKG exerted an anti-cancer effect. The results revealed that AKG inhibited the proliferation of both OS cell lines in a concentration-dependent manner. As evidenced by flow cytometry, AKG blocked cell cycle progression at the G1 stage in both cell lines, which was accompanied by a decreased level of cyclin D1 in HOS and increased expression of p21Waf1/Cip1 protein in Saos-2 cells (evaluated with the ELISA method). Moreover, AKG induced apoptotic cell death and caspase-3 activation in both OS cell lines (determined by cytometric analysis). Both the immunoblotting and cytometric analysis revealed that the AKG-induced apoptosis proceeded predominantly through activation of an intrinsic caspase 9-dependent apoptotic pathway and an increased Bax/Bcl-2 ratio. The apoptotic process in the AKG-treated cells was mediated via c-Jun N-terminal protein kinase (JNK) activation, as the specific inhibitor of this kinase partially rescued the cells from apoptotic death. In addition, the AKG treatment led to reduced activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK1/2) and significant inhibition of cell migration and invasion in vitro concomitantly with decreased production of pro-metastatic transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) and pro-angiogenic vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in both OS cell lines suggesting the anti-metastatic potential of this compound. In conclusion, we showed the anti-osteosarcoma potential of AKG and provided a rationale for a further study of the possible application of AKG in OS therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Kaławaj
- Department of Virology and Immunology, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Akademicka 19, 20-033 Lublin, Poland; (K.K.); (M.M.-K.); (A.Ż.); (M.K.-S.)
| | - Adrianna Sławińska-Brych
- Department of Cell Biology, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Akademicka 19, 20-033 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Magdalena Mizerska-Kowalska
- Department of Virology and Immunology, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Akademicka 19, 20-033 Lublin, Poland; (K.K.); (M.M.-K.); (A.Ż.); (M.K.-S.)
| | - Aleksandra Żurek
- Department of Virology and Immunology, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Akademicka 19, 20-033 Lublin, Poland; (K.K.); (M.M.-K.); (A.Ż.); (M.K.-S.)
| | - Agnieszka Bojarska-Junak
- Chair and Department of Clinical Immunology, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 4a, 20-093 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Martyna Kandefer-Szerszeń
- Department of Virology and Immunology, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Akademicka 19, 20-033 Lublin, Poland; (K.K.); (M.M.-K.); (A.Ż.); (M.K.-S.)
| | - Barbara Zdzisińska
- Department of Virology and Immunology, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Akademicka 19, 20-033 Lublin, Poland; (K.K.); (M.M.-K.); (A.Ż.); (M.K.-S.)
- Correspondence:
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10
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Bone Microenvironment and Osteosarcoma Metastasis. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21196985. [PMID: 32977425 PMCID: PMC7582690 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21196985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 147] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Revised: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The bone microenvironment is an ideal fertile soil for both primary and secondary tumors to seed. The occurrence and development of osteosarcoma, as a primary bone tumor, is closely related to the bone microenvironment. Especially, the metastasis of osteosarcoma is the remaining challenge of therapy and poor prognosis. Increasing evidence focuses on the relationship between the bone microenvironment and osteosarcoma metastasis. Many elements exist in the bone microenvironment, such as acids, hypoxia, and chemokines, which have been verified to affect the progression and malignance of osteosarcoma through various signaling pathways. We thoroughly summarized all these regulators in the bone microenvironment and the transmission cascades, accordingly, attempting to furnish hints for inhibiting osteosarcoma metastasis via the amelioration of the bone microenvironment. In addition, analysis of the cross-talk between the bone microenvironment and osteosarcoma will help us to deeply understand the development of osteosarcoma. The cellular and molecular protagonists presented in the bone microenvironment promoting osteosarcoma metastasis will accelerate the exploration of novel therapeutic strategies towards osteosarcoma.
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Protein Kinase B and Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinase Inactivation is Associated with Regorafenib-Induced Inhibition of Osteosarcoma Progression In Vitro and In Vivo. J Clin Med 2019; 8:jcm8060900. [PMID: 31238539 PMCID: PMC6616516 DOI: 10.3390/jcm8060900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2019] [Revised: 06/17/2019] [Accepted: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is the most common type of bone cancer. Multimodality treatment involving chemotherapy, radiotherapy and surgery is not effective enough to control osteosarcoma. Regorafenib, the oral multi-kinase inhibitor, has been shown to have positive efficacy on disease progression delay in chemotherapy resistant osteosarcoma patients. However anti-cancer effect and mechanism of regorafenib in osteosarcoma is ambiguous. Thus, the aim of this study is to investigate the efficacy and molecular mechanism of regorafenib on osteosarcoma in vitro and in vivo. Human osteosarcomas U-2 OS or MG-63 were treated with regorafenib, miltefosine (protein kinase B (AKT) inhibitor), or PD98059 (mitogen-activated protein/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (MEK) pathway inhibitor) for 24 or 48 h. Cell viability, apoptotic signaling transduction, tumor invasion, expression of tumor progression-associated proteins and tumor growth after regorafenib treatment were assayed by MTT 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide, flow cytometry, transwell assay, Western blotting assay and in vivo animal experiment, respectively. In these studies, we also indicated that regorafenib suppressed cell growth by prompting apoptosis of osteosarcoma cells, which is mediated through inactivation of ERK and AKT signaling pathways. After regorafenib treatment, downregulation of related genes in invasion (vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and matrix metallopeptidase 9 (MMP-9)), proliferation (CyclinD1) and anti-apoptosis (X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP), myeloid cell leukemia-1 (MCL-1), and cellular FLICE (FADD-like IL-1β-converting enzyme)-inhibitory protein (C-FLIP)) were found. Moreover, upregulation of caspase-3 and caspase-8 cleavage were also observed. In sum, we suggest that regorafenib has potential to suppress osteosarcoma progression via inactivation of AKT and ERK mediated signaling pathway.
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12
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Ding K, Liao Y, Gong D, Zhao X, Ji W. Effect of long non-coding RNA H19 on oxidative stress and chemotherapy resistance of CD133+ cancer stem cells via the MAPK/ERK signaling pathway in hepatocellular carcinoma. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 502:194-201. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.05.143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2018] [Accepted: 05/19/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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13
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Macagno N, Vogels R, Appay R, Colin C, Mokhtari K, Küsters B, Wesseling P, Figarella-Branger D, Flucke U, Bouvier C. Grading of meningeal solitary fibrous tumors/hemangiopericytomas: analysis of the prognostic value of the Marseille Grading System in a cohort of 132 patients. Brain Pathol 2018; 29:18-27. [PMID: 29600523 DOI: 10.1111/bpa.12613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2018] [Accepted: 03/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The finding that meningeal solitary fibrous tumors (SFTs) and meningeal hemangiopericytomas (HPCs) are both characterized by NAB2-STAT6 gene fusion has pushed their inclusion in the WHO 2016 Classification of tumors of the central nervous system (CNS) as different manifestations of the same entity. Given that the clinical behavior of the CNS SFT/HPC spectrum ranges from benign to malignant, it is presently unclear whether the grading criteria are still adequate. Here, we present the results of a study that analyzed the prognostic value of an updated version of the Marseille Grading System (MGS) in a retrospectively assembled cohort of 132 primary meningeal SFTs/HPCs with nuclear overexpression of STAT6. The median patient follow-up was 64 months (range 4-274 months); 73 cases (55%) were MGS I, 50 cases (38%) MGS II and 9 cases (7%) were MGS III. Progression-free survival (PFS) and disease-specific survival (DSS) were investigated using univariate analysis: the prognostic factors for PFS included MGS, extent of surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy and mitotic activity ≥5/10 high-power field (HPF). Moreover, MGS, radiotherapy, mitotic activity ≥5/10 HPF, and necrosis were the prognostic factors measured for DSS. In multivariate analysis, extent of surgery, mitotic activity ≥5/10 HPF, MGS I and MGS III were the independent prognostic factors measured for PFS while necrosis, MGS III and radiotherapy were the independent prognostic factors for DSS. In conclusion, our results show that assessing the malignancy risk of SFT/HPC should not rely on one single criterion like mitotic activity. Therefore, MGS is useful as it combines the value of different criteria. In particular, the combination of a high mitotic activity and necrosis (MGS III) indicates a particularly poor prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Macagno
- Department of Pathology and Neuropathology, Timone Hospital, Marseille, France.,INSERM UMR911, Aix-Marseille University (AMU), Marseille, France
| | - Rob Vogels
- Department of Pathology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Department of Pathology, Stichting PAMM, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Romain Appay
- Department of Pathology and Neuropathology, Timone Hospital, Marseille, France.,INSERM UMR911, Aix-Marseille University (AMU), Marseille, France
| | - Carole Colin
- INSERM UMR911, Aix-Marseille University (AMU), Marseille, France
| | - Karima Mokhtari
- Department of Neuropathology, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France
| | | | | | - Benno Küsters
- Department of Pathology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Department of Pathology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Pieter Wesseling
- Department of Pathology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Pathology, Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,University Medical Center, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Dominique Figarella-Branger
- Department of Pathology and Neuropathology, Timone Hospital, Marseille, France.,INSERM UMR911, Aix-Marseille University (AMU), Marseille, France
| | - Uta Flucke
- Department of Pathology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Department of Pathology, Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,University Medical Center, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Corinne Bouvier
- Department of Pathology and Neuropathology, Timone Hospital, Marseille, France.,INSERM UMR911, Aix-Marseille University (AMU), Marseille, France
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14
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Tang Y, Yang C, Guo Z, Fu Y, Yu X, Liu B, Zhou H, Wang J, Li W, Pang Q. P16 protein expression as a useful predictive biomarker for neoadjuvant chemotherapy response in patients with high-grade osteosarcoma: A systematic meta-analysis under guideline of PRISMA. Medicine (Baltimore) 2017; 96:e6714. [PMID: 28489748 PMCID: PMC5428582 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000006714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neoadjuvant chemotherapy for patients with high-grade osteosarcoma has highly improved the clinical survival. However, the prognostic and predictive role of P16 expression after neoadjuvant chemotherapy remains unclear. We first determined whether P16 expression can become a potential prognostic and predictive biomarker in high-grade osteosarcoma. METHODS This meta-analysis was conducted based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guideline. Eligible studies were pooled and the overall odds ratios (ORs) and hazard ratios (HRs) with the corresponding 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were calculated in this analysis. RESULTS Four studies involving a total of 527 patients with high-grade osteosarcoma receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy were identified. We did not find that P16 expression was correlated with sex status, histologic subtype, and tumor site (P > .1). P16 expression was found to be significantly associated with a "good" response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (OR = 4.69, P < .001). A significant relationship was observed between p16 expression and pathologic complete response after neoadjuvant chemotherapy using multivariate analysis (OR = 9.63, P = .001). The expression of the P16 was not associated with clinical outcomes in overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) by multivariate analysis (OS: P = .448; DFS: P = .263). CONCLUSIONS The use of P16 expression could become a promising predictive biomarker of the response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in the white population with high-grade osteosarcoma. However, it was not correlated with the prognosis of patients in OS and DFS. More clinical researches are very essential in Asians in the future.
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15
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Bao X, Ren T, Huang Y, Ren C, Yang K, Zhang H, Guo W. Bortezomib induces apoptosis and suppresses cell growth and metastasis by inactivation of Stat3 signaling in chondrosarcoma. Int J Oncol 2016; 50:477-486. [PMID: 28000897 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2016.3806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2016] [Accepted: 10/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Bortezomib, formerly known as PS341, is a novel proteasome inhibitor with in vitro and in vivo antineoplastic effects in many malignancies. However, diverse antitumor mechanisms of bortezomib have been identified in many investigations and preclinical studies. Understanding the molecular and cellular mechanisms through which bortezomib acts will improve the therapeutic utility of this drug in different cancer types. In the present study, we investigated the in vitro and in vivo effects of bortezomib on chondrosarcoma. Bortezomib selectively inhibited cell growth in chondrosarcoma cells but not in normal articular cartilage cells. In addition to growth inhibition, apoptosis and cell cycle arrest, bortezomib triggered alleviation of migratory and invasive properties of chondrosarcoma cells. Mechanistically, signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (Stat3) and its downstream targets Bcl-2, cyclin D1 and c-Myc was inactivated by bortezomib treatment. Accordingly, small interfering RNA (siRNA)-mediated Stat3 knockdown enhanced bortezomib-induced apoptosis, and concomitantly enhanced the inhibitory effect of bortezomib on cell viability, migration and invasion. Moreover, while Slug, MMP9, MMP2, CD44, N-cadherin and vimentin, the mesenchymal cell markers, were repressed by bortezomib concomitant increased expression of E-cadherin was observed. In vivo, bortezomib downregulated Stat3 activity and mesenchymal cell marker expression, induced apoptosis and inhibition of metastasis and tumor growth. Together, inactivation of Stat3 signaling contributes to bortezomib-induced inhibition of tumor growth, migration and invation on chondrosarcoma. Bortezomib demonstrates an antineoplastic role on chondrosarcoma both in vitro and in vivo. These beneficial effects can be explained by bortezomib-mediated Stat3 supression. The present study suggests a promising therapeutics target in chondrosarcoma and probably in other kinds of metastatic malignant tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Bao
- Musculoskeletal Tumor Center, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, P.R. China
| | - Tingting Ren
- Musculoskeletal Tumor Center, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, P.R. China
| | - Yi Huang
- Musculoskeletal Tumor Center, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, P.R. China
| | - Chongmin Ren
- Musculoskeletal Tumor Center, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, P.R. China
| | - Kang Yang
- Musculoskeletal Tumor Center, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, P.R. China
| | - Hongliang Zhang
- Musculoskeletal Tumor Center, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, P.R. China
| | - Wei Guo
- Musculoskeletal Tumor Center, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, P.R. China
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16
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The predictive potential and oncogenic effects of HOXC8 expression on osteosarcoma. Tumour Biol 2016; 37:14961-14967. [DOI: 10.1007/s13277-016-5384-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2016] [Accepted: 09/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
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17
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Gao Y, Liao Y, Shen JK, Feng Y, Choy E, Cote G, Harmon D, Mankin HJ, Hornicek FJ, Duan Z. Evaluation of P-glycoprotein (Pgp) expression in human osteosarcoma by high-throughput tissue microarray. J Orthop Res 2016; 34:1606-12. [PMID: 26790551 DOI: 10.1002/jor.23173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2015] [Accepted: 01/15/2016] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Survival of osteosarcoma patients is currently limited by the development of metastases and multidrug resistance (MDR). A well-established cause of MDR involves overexpression of P-glycoprotein (Pgp) in tumor cells. However, some discrepancies still exist as to the clinical significance of Pgp in osteosarcoma. We sought to elucidate further whether the Pgp expression correlated with clinical behavior in a series of patients with osteosarcoma via high-throughput tissue microarray (TMA) analysis. Immunohistochemical analysis of Pgp expression in a TMA of 114 specimens with a retrospective review of 70 osteosarcoma patients admitted to the Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH) was performed. High Pgp expression was correlated with metastasis development and poor response to pre-operative chemotherapy in osteosarcoma patients. Eighteen of the fifty-seven patients initially admitted with primary osteosarcoma showed high Pgp expression. Among these 18 patients with high Pgp expression, 13 of 18 (72%) patients eventually developed metastases. There was no significant clinical relevance between Pgp expression and osteosarcoma survival. These results support that high expression of Pgp is important, but cannot be assigned as, an individual predictor in the development of human osteosarcoma. © 2016 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 34:1606-1612, 2016.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Gao
- Sarcoma Biology Laboratory, Center for Sarcoma and Connective Tissue Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, 02114.,Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan Province, China
| | - Yunfei Liao
- Sarcoma Biology Laboratory, Center for Sarcoma and Connective Tissue Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, 02114
| | - Jacson K Shen
- Sarcoma Biology Laboratory, Center for Sarcoma and Connective Tissue Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, 02114
| | - Yong Feng
- Sarcoma Biology Laboratory, Center for Sarcoma and Connective Tissue Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, 02114
| | - Edwin Choy
- Sarcoma Biology Laboratory, Center for Sarcoma and Connective Tissue Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, 02114
| | - Gregory Cote
- Sarcoma Biology Laboratory, Center for Sarcoma and Connective Tissue Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, 02114
| | - David Harmon
- Sarcoma Biology Laboratory, Center for Sarcoma and Connective Tissue Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, 02114
| | - Henry J Mankin
- Sarcoma Biology Laboratory, Center for Sarcoma and Connective Tissue Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, 02114
| | - Francis J Hornicek
- Sarcoma Biology Laboratory, Center for Sarcoma and Connective Tissue Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, 02114
| | - Zhenfeng Duan
- Sarcoma Biology Laboratory, Center for Sarcoma and Connective Tissue Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, 02114
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18
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Pencik J, Pham HTT, Schmoellerl J, Javaheri T, Schlederer M, Culig Z, Merkel O, Moriggl R, Grebien F, Kenner L. JAK-STAT signaling in cancer: From cytokines to non-coding genome. Cytokine 2016; 87:26-36. [PMID: 27349799 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2016.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2016] [Accepted: 06/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
In the past decades, studies of the Janus kinases (JAKs) and signal transducers and activators of transcription (STATs) signaling have uncovered highly conserved programs linking cytokine signaling to the regulation of essential cellular mechanisms such as proliferation, invasion, survival, inflammation and immunity. Inhibitors of the JAK/STAT pathway are used for treatment of autoimmune diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis or psoriasis. Aberrant JAK/STAT signaling has been identified to contribute to cancer progression and metastatic development. Targeting of JAK/STAT pathway is currently one of the most promising therapeutic strategies in prostate cancer (PCa), hematopoietic malignancies and sarcomas. Notably, newly identified regulators of JAK/STAT signaling, the non-coding RNAs transcripts and their role as important targets and potential clinical biomarkers are highlighted in this review. In addition to the established role of the JAK/STAT signaling pathway in traditional cytokine signaling the non-coding RNAs add yet another layer of hidden regulation and function. Understanding the crosstalk of non-coding RNA with JAK/STAT signaling in cancer is of critical importance and may result in better patient stratification not only in terms of prognosis but also in the context of therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Pencik
- Clinical Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, 1090 Vienna, Austria; Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cancer Research, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Ha Thi Thanh Pham
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cancer Research, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Medical University of Vienna, 1210 Vienna, Austria
| | - Johannes Schmoellerl
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cancer Research, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Tahereh Javaheri
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cancer Research, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Medical University of Vienna, 1210 Vienna, Austria
| | - Michaela Schlederer
- Clinical Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cancer Research, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; Department for Pathology of Laboratory Animals, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, 1210 Vienna, Austria
| | - Zoran Culig
- Department of Urology, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Olaf Merkel
- Clinical Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Richard Moriggl
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cancer Research, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Medical University of Vienna, 1210 Vienna, Austria
| | - Florian Grebien
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cancer Research, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Lukas Kenner
- Clinical Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cancer Research, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; Department for Pathology of Laboratory Animals, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, 1210 Vienna, Austria.
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19
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Ilisso CP, Sapio L, Delle Cave D, Illiano M, Spina A, Cacciapuoti G, Naviglio S, Porcelli M. S-Adenosylmethionine Affects ERK1/2 and Stat3 Pathways and Induces Apotosis in Osteosarcoma Cells. J Cell Physiol 2016; 231:428-35. [PMID: 26174106 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.25089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2015] [Accepted: 07/07/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is a very aggressive bone tumor. Its clinical outcome remains discouraging despite intensive surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy. Thus, novel therapeutic approaches are demanded. S-Adenosylmethionine (AdoMet) is a naturally occurring molecule that is synthesized in our body by methionine adenosyltransferase isoenzymes and is also available as a nutritional supplement. AdoMet is the principal methyl donor in numerous methylation reactions and is involved in many biological functions. Interestingly, AdoMet has been shown to exert antiproliferative action in various cancer cells. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms are just starting to be studied. Here, we investigated the effects of AdoMet on the proliferation of osteosarcoma U2OS cells and the underlying mechanisms. We carried out direct cell number counting, MTT and flow cytometry-based assays, and immunoblotting experiments in response to AdoMet treatment. We found that AdoMet strongly inhibits proliferation of U2OS cells by slowing-down cell cycle progression and by inducing apoptosis. We also report that AdoMet consistently causes an increase of p53 and p21 cell-cycle inhibitor, a decrease of cyclin A and cyclin E protein levels, and a marked increase of pro-apoptotic Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, with caspase-3 activation and PARP cleavage. Moreover, the AdoMet-induced antiproliferative effects were dynamically accompanied by profound changes in ERK1/2 and STAT3 protein and phosphorylation levels. Altogether, our data enforce the evidence of AdoMet acting as a biomolecule with antiproliferative action in osteosarcoma cells, capable of down-regulating ERK1/2 and STAT3 pathways leading to cell cycle inhibition and apoptosis, and provide a rationale for the possible use of AdoMet in osteosarcoma therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Concetta Paola Ilisso
- Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and General Pathology, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Luigi Sapio
- Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and General Pathology, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Donatella Delle Cave
- Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and General Pathology, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Michela Illiano
- Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and General Pathology, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Annamaria Spina
- Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and General Pathology, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Giovanna Cacciapuoti
- Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and General Pathology, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Silvio Naviglio
- Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and General Pathology, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Marina Porcelli
- Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and General Pathology, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy
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20
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Kosemehmetoglu K, Ardic F, Karslioglu Y, Kandemir O, Ozcan A. p16 expression predicts neoadjuvant tumor necrosis in osteosarcomas: reappraisal with a larger series using whole sections. Hum Pathol 2015; 50:170-5. [PMID: 26997452 DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2015.09.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2015] [Revised: 08/26/2015] [Accepted: 09/10/2015] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The presence of greater than or equal to 90% necrosis after neoadjuvant chemotherapy is a favorable prognostic factor in osteosarcomas. A recent study using tissue microarrays of 40 conventional osteosarcomas showed that p16 expression independently predicted the necrotic response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy. In this study, we investigated this finding using whole sections in a larger group of osteosarcomas. Cases of 83 patients who had pretreatment biopsies and received neoadjuvant chemotherapy and surgical resection were collected from 3 reference hospital archives. Age, sex, tumor size, tumor subtype, location, and percentage of tumor necrosis were recorded; 4-μm sections from pretreatment biopsies were stained for p16. More than 30% strong nuclear staining was regarded as positive. The median age was 17 years (5-68 years), and male/female ratio was 2.3. The mean tumor diameter was 9.9 cm (2-30 cm). Tumors were most commonly of the osteoblastic type (60%) and located at the femur (47%). p16 positivity was seen in 66% of the patients. The median pathologic necrosis was 65%, and 39% of the patients responded favorably (≥%90 necrosis) to neoadjuvant therapy. In univariate analysis, p16 expression significantly correlated with greater than or equal to 90% response (P = .022). On multivariate analysis, p16 expression (odds ratio [OR], 7.71; P = .008), female sex (OR, 8.62; P = .006), and smaller tumor size (OR, 0.86; P = .023) were independent predictors of favorable response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy. We confirmed the finding that p16 expression predicts postchemotherapy necrotic response in conventional osteosarcomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kemal Kosemehmetoglu
- Department of Pathology, Hacettepe University School of Medicine, 06230 Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Fisun Ardic
- Department of Pathology, Dr. Abdurrahman Yurtaslan Ankara Oncology Training and Research Hospital, 06200 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Yildirim Karslioglu
- Department of Pathology, Gulhane Military Medical Academy, 06010 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Olcay Kandemir
- Department of Pathology, Dr. Abdurrahman Yurtaslan Ankara Oncology Training and Research Hospital, 06200 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ayhan Ozcan
- Department of Pathology, Gulhane Military Medical Academy, 06010 Ankara, Turkey
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21
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Chen H, Shen J, Choy E, Hornicek FJ, Duan Z. Targeting protein kinases to reverse multidrug resistance in sarcoma. Cancer Treat Rev 2015; 43:8-18. [PMID: 26827688 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctrv.2015.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2015] [Revised: 11/27/2015] [Accepted: 11/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Sarcomas are a group of cancers that arise from transformed cells of mesenchymal origin. They can be classified into over 50 subtypes, accounting for approximately 1% of adult and 15% of pediatric cancers. Wide surgical resection, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy are the most common treatments for the majority of sarcomas. Among these therapies, chemotherapy can palliate symptoms and prolong life for some sarcoma patients. However, sarcoma cells can have intrinsic or acquired resistance after treatment with chemotherapeutics drugs, leading to the development of multidrug resistance (MDR). MDR attenuates the efficacy of anticancer drugs and results in treatment failure for sarcomas. Therefore, overcoming MDR is an unmet need for sarcoma therapy. Certain protein kinases demonstrate aberrant expression and/or activity in sarcoma cells, which have been found to be involved in the regulation of sarcoma cell progression, such as cell cycle, apoptosis, and survival. Inhibiting these protein kinases may not only decrease the proliferation and growth of sarcoma cells, but also reverse their resistance to chemotherapeutic drugs to subsequently reduce the doses of anticancer drugs and decrease drug side-effects. The discovery of novel strategies targeting protein kinases opens a door to a new area of sarcoma research and provides insight into the mechanisms of MDR in chemotherapy. This review will focus on the recent studies in targeting protein kinase to reverse chemotherapeutic drug resistance in sarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Chen
- Sarcoma Biology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 55 Fruit Street, Jackson 1115, Boston, MA 02114, United States; Department of Emergency Surgery, ShenZhen People's Hospital, 2nd Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, No. 1017 Dongmenbei Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province 518020, China
| | - Jacson Shen
- Sarcoma Biology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 55 Fruit Street, Jackson 1115, Boston, MA 02114, United States
| | - Edwin Choy
- Sarcoma Biology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 55 Fruit Street, Jackson 1115, Boston, MA 02114, United States
| | - Francis J Hornicek
- Sarcoma Biology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 55 Fruit Street, Jackson 1115, Boston, MA 02114, United States
| | - Zhenfeng Duan
- Sarcoma Biology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 55 Fruit Street, Jackson 1115, Boston, MA 02114, United States.
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22
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XIONG MIN, WANG LIN, YU HUALONG, HAN HENG, MAO DAN, CHEN JIE, ZENG YUN, HE NING, LIU ZHIGANG, WANG ZHIYONG, XU SHOUJIA, GUO LEYUN, WANG YONGAN. Ginkgetin exerts growth inhibitory and apoptotic effects on osteosarcoma cells through inhibition of STAT3 and activation of caspase-3/9. Oncol Rep 2015; 35:1034-40. [DOI: 10.3892/or.2015.4427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2015] [Accepted: 07/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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23
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Jiang L, He A, He X, Tao C. MicroRNA-126 enhances the sensitivity of osteosarcoma cells to cisplatin and methotrexate. Oncol Lett 2015; 10:3769-3778. [PMID: 26788206 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2015.3790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2014] [Accepted: 07/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The establishment of novel chemotherapy drugs for osteosarcoma is urgently required, and the mechanisms and effects of cisplatin (DDP) and methotrexate (MTX) in the current treatment of osteosarcoma have not been fully elucidated. The present study aimed to observe the effect of DDP, MTX and rapamycin on osteosarcoma cell proliferation and apoptosis, and to investigate the association between miR-126 and the effects of DDP and MTX in osteosarcoma cells. miR-126-overexpressing and -silencing lentiviral vectors were constructed, and MG63 and U-2 OS osteosarcoma cells were infected. An MTT assay was conducted to detect transfected cell proliferation, and the effects of the chemotherapy drugs on transfected cell apoptosis were detected by flow cytometry. The cell cycle of the transfected cells was analyzed via flow cytometry. As the miR-126-overexpressing and -silencing osteosarcoma cell lines were successfully constructed, it was observed that DDP and MTX inhibited osteosarcoma cell proliferation. With the decreased expression of miR-126, the sensitivity of osteosarcoma cells to DDP and MTX was reduced at the same concentration. The flow cytometry suggested that DDP and MTX could promote the apoptosis of osteosarcoma cells with overexpressed miR-126, whereas they could not significantly impact the apoptosis of the miR-126-silenced osteosarcoma cells. Meanwhile, DDP inhibited the cell cycle of the miR-126-overexpressing osteosarcoma cells. In conclusion, DDP and MTX inhibited the proliferation and promoted the apoptosis of the osteosarcoma cells, and these processes were dependent upon the expression of miR-126.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangdong Jiang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, P.R. China
| | - Aiyong He
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, P.R. China
| | - Xiaojie He
- Children's Medical Center, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, P.R. China
| | - Cheng Tao
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, P.R. China
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