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Wang Y, Liu Q, Deng L, Ma X, Gong Y, Wang Y, Zhou F. The roles of epigenetic regulation in graft-versus-host disease. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 175:116652. [PMID: 38692061 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (aHSCT) is utilized as a potential curative treatment for various hematologic malignancies. However, graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) post-aHSCT is a severe complication that significantly impacts patients' quality of life and overall survival, becoming a major cause of non-relapse mortality. In recent years, the association between epigenetics and GVHD has garnered increasing attention. Epigenetics focuses on studying mechanisms that affect gene expression without altering DNA sequences, primarily including DNA methylation, histone modifications, non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) regulation, and RNA modifications. This review summarizes the role of epigenetic regulation in the pathogenesis of GVHD, with a focus on DNA methylation, histone modifications, ncRNA, RNA modifications and their involvement and applications in the occurrence and development of GVHD. It also highlights advancements in relevant diagnostic markers and drugs, aiming to provide new insights for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of GVHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yimin Wang
- The First Clinical Medical School, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Qi Liu
- The First Clinical Medical School, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Lei Deng
- Department of Hematology, the 960th Hospital of the People's Liberation Army Joint Logistics Support Force, Jinan, China
| | - Xiting Ma
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yuling Gong
- Department of Cardiovascular, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Yifei Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China.
| | - Fang Zhou
- Department of Hematology, the 960th Hospital of the People's Liberation Army Joint Logistics Support Force, Jinan, China.
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2
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Barrett AK, Shingare MR, Rechtsteiner A, Rodriguez KM, Le QN, Wijeratne TU, Mitchell CE, Membreno MW, Rubin SM, Müller GA. HDAC activity is dispensable for repression of cell-cycle genes by DREAM and E2F:RB complexes. Nat Commun 2024; 15:4450. [PMID: 38789411 PMCID: PMC11126580 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48724-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Histone deacetylases (HDACs) play a crucial role in transcriptional regulation and are implicated in various diseases, including cancer. They are involved in histone tail deacetylation and canonically linked to transcriptional repression. Previous studies suggested that HDAC recruitment to cell-cycle gene promoters via the retinoblastoma (RB) protein or the DREAM complex through SIN3B is essential for G1/S and G2/M gene repression during cell-cycle arrest and exit. Here we investigate the interplay among DREAM, RB, SIN3 proteins, and HDACs in the context of cell-cycle gene repression. Knockout of SIN3B does not globally derepress cell-cycle genes in non-proliferating HCT116 and C2C12 cells. Loss of SIN3A/B moderately upregulates several cell-cycle genes in HCT116 cells but does so independently of DREAM/RB. HDAC inhibition does not induce general upregulation of RB/DREAM target genes in arrested transformed or non-transformed cells. Our findings suggest that E2F:RB and DREAM complexes can repress cell-cycle genes without relying on HDAC activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alison K Barrett
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | - Manisha R Shingare
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | - Andreas Rechtsteiner
- Department of Molecular, Cell, and Developmental Biology, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | - Kelsie M Rodriguez
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | - Quynh N Le
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | - Tilini U Wijeratne
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | - Corbin E Mitchell
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | - Miles W Membreno
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | - Seth M Rubin
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA, USA.
| | - Gerd A Müller
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA, USA.
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3
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Orlacchio A, Muzyka S, Gonda TA. Epigenetic therapeutic strategies in pancreatic cancer. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2024; 383:1-40. [PMID: 38359967 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ircmb.2023.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the most lethal solid malignancies, characterized by its aggressiveness and metastatic potential, with a 5-year survival rate of only 8-11%. Despite significant improvements in PDAC treatment and management, therapeutic alternatives are still limited. One of the main reasons is its high degree of intra- and inter-individual tumor heterogeneity which is established and maintained through a complex network of transcription factors and epigenetic regulators. Epigenetic drugs, have shown promising preclinical results in PDAC and are currently being evaluated in clinical trials both for their ability to sensitize cancer cells to cytotoxic drugs and to counteract the immunosuppressive characteristic of PDAC tumor microenvironment. In this review, we discuss the current status of epigenetic treatment strategies to overcome molecular and cellular PDAC heterogeneity in order to improve response to therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arturo Orlacchio
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, New York University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Stephen Muzyka
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, New York University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Tamas A Gonda
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, New York University, New York, NY, United States.
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4
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Bewersdorf JP, Shallis RM, Sharon E, Park S, Ramaswamy R, Roe CE, Irish JM, Caldwell A, Wei W, Yacoub A, Madanat YF, Zeidner JF, Altman JK, Odenike O, Yerrabothala S, Kovacsovics T, Podoltsev NA, Halene S, Little RF, Piekarz R, Gore SD, Kim TK, Zeidan AM. A multicenter phase Ib trial of the histone deacetylase inhibitor entinostat in combination with pembrolizumab in patients with myelodysplastic syndromes/neoplasms or acute myeloid leukemia refractory to hypomethylating agents. Ann Hematol 2024; 103:105-116. [PMID: 38036712 DOI: 10.1007/s00277-023-05552-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
Patients with myelodysplastic syndromes/neoplasms (MDS) or acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with hypomethylating agent failure have a poor prognosis. Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) can contribute to MDS progression and mediate resistance to anti-PD1 therapy. As histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi) decrease MDSCs in preclinical models, we conducted an investigator-initiated, NCI-Cancer Therapy Evaluation Program-sponsored, multicenter, dose escalation, and expansion phase Ib trial (NCT02936752) of the HDACi entinostat and the anti-PD1 antibody pembrolizumab. Twenty-eight patients (25 MDS and 3 AML) were enrolled. During dose escalation (n=13 patients), there was one dose-limiting toxicity (DLT) on dose level (DL) 1 (G5 pneumonia/bronchoalveolar hemorrhage) and two DLTs at DL 2 (G3 pharyngeal mucositis and G3 anorexia). Per the 3 + 3 dose escalation design, DL 1 (entinostat 8 mg PO days 1 and 15 + pembrolizumab 200 mg IV day 1 every 21 days) was expanded and another 15 patients were enrolled. Hematologic adverse events (AEs) were common. The most common non-hematologic ≥G3 AEs were infection (32%), hypoxia/respiratory failure (11%), and dyspnea (11%). There were no protocol-defined responses among the 28 patients enrolled. Two patients achieved a marrow complete remission (mCR). Using a systems immunology approach with mass cytometry and machine learning analysis, mCR patients had increased classical monocytes and macrophages but there was no significant change of MDSCs. In conclusion, combining entinostat with pembrolizumab in patients with advanced MDS and AML was associated with limited clinical efficacy and substantial toxicity. Absence of an effect on MDSCs could be a potential explanation for the limited efficacy of this combination. ClinicalTrial.gov Identifier: NCT02936752.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Philipp Bewersdorf
- Section of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale Cancer Center, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.
- Leukemia Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Rory M Shallis
- Section of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale Cancer Center, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Elad Sharon
- Cancer Therapy Evaluation Program, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Silvia Park
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Rahul Ramaswamy
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Caroline E Roe
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Vanderbilt Center for Immunobiology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Jonathan M Irish
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Vanderbilt Center for Immunobiology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Anne Caldwell
- Section of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale Cancer Center, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Wei Wei
- Section of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale Cancer Center, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Abdulraheem Yacoub
- The Division of Hematologic Malignancies and Cellular Therapeutics (HMCT), The University of Kansas Cancer Center, Westwood, KS, USA
| | - Yazan F Madanat
- Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Joshua F Zeidner
- Lineberger Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Jessica K Altman
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | | | | | | | - Nikolai A Podoltsev
- Section of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale Cancer Center, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Stephanie Halene
- Section of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale Cancer Center, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Richard F Little
- Cancer Therapy Evaluation Program, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Richard Piekarz
- Cancer Therapy Evaluation Program, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Steven D Gore
- Cancer Therapy Evaluation Program, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Tae Kon Kim
- Section of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale Cancer Center, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.
- Vanderbilt Center for Immunobiology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA.
| | - Amer M Zeidan
- Section of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale Cancer Center, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.
- Hematology Section, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, 333 Cedar Street, PO Box 208028, New Haven, CT, 06520-8028, USA.
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5
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Barrett A, Shingare MR, Rechtsteiner A, Wijeratne TU, Rodriguez KM, Rubin SM, Müller GA. HDAC activity is dispensable for repression of cell-cycle genes by DREAM and E2F:RB complexes. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.10.28.564489. [PMID: 37961464 PMCID: PMC10634886 DOI: 10.1101/2023.10.28.564489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Histone deacetylases (HDACs) are pivotal in transcriptional regulation, and their dysregulation has been associated with various diseases including cancer. One of the critical roles of HDAC-containing complexes is the deacetylation of histone tails, which is canonically linked to transcriptional repression. Previous research has indicated that HDACs are recruited to cell-cycle gene promoters through the RB protein or the DREAM complex via SIN3B and that HDAC activity is essential for repressing G1/S and G2/M cell-cycle genes during cell-cycle arrest and exit. In this study, we sought to explore the interdependence of DREAM, RB, SIN3 proteins, and HDACs in the context of cell-cycle gene repression. We found that genetic knockout of SIN3B did not lead to derepression of cell-cycle genes in non-proliferating HCT116 and C2C12 cells. A combined loss of SIN3A and SIN3B resulted in a moderate upregulation in mRNA expression of several cell-cycle genes in arrested HCT116 cells, however, these effects appeared to be independent of DREAM or RB. Furthermore, HDAC inhibition did not induce a general upregulation of RB and DREAM target gene expression in arrested transformed or non-transformed cells. Our findings provide evidence that E2F:RB and DREAM complexes can repress cell-cycle genes without reliance on HDAC activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alison Barrett
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA
- Current Affiliation: Department of Medicine, Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Manisha R. Shingare
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA
| | - Andreas Rechtsteiner
- Department of Molecular, Cell, and Developmental Biology, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA
| | - Tilini U. Wijeratne
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA
- Current Affiliation: Department of Medicine, Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Kelsie M. Rodriguez
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA
| | - Seth M. Rubin
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA
| | - Gerd A. Müller
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA
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6
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Jin G, Wang K, Zhao Y, Yuan S, He Z, Zhang J. Targeting histone deacetylases for heart diseases. Bioorg Chem 2023; 138:106601. [PMID: 37224740 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2023.106601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Histone deacetylases (HDACs) are responsible for the deacetylation of lysine residues in histone or non-histone substrates, leading to the regulation of many biological functions, such as gene transcription, translation and remodeling chromatin. Targeting HDACs for drug development is a promising way for human diseases, including cancers and heart diseases. In particular, numerous HDAC inhibitors have revealed potential clinical value for the treatment of cardiac diseases in recent years. In this review, we systematically summarize the therapeutic roles of HDAC inhibitors with different chemotypes on heart diseases. Additionally, we discuss the opportunities and challenges in developing HDAC inhibitors for the treatment of cardiac diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Jin
- Pharmacy College, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, 450046 Zhengzhou, China
| | - Kaiyue Wang
- Pharmacy College, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, 450046 Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yaohui Zhao
- Pharmacy College, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, 450046 Zhengzhou, China
| | - Shuo Yuan
- Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Henan Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou 450018, China
| | - Zhangxu He
- Pharmacy College, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, 450046 Zhengzhou, China.
| | - Jingyu Zhang
- Pharmacy College, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, 450046 Zhengzhou, China.
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7
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Moran B, Davern M, Reynolds JV, Donlon NE, Lysaght J. The impact of histone deacetylase inhibitors on immune cells and implications for cancer therapy. Cancer Lett 2023; 559:216121. [PMID: 36893893 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2023.216121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
Abstract
Many cancers possess the ability to suppress the immune response to malignant cells, thus facilitating tumour growth and invasion, and this has fuelled research to reverse these mechanisms and re-activate the immune system with consequent important therapeutic benefit. One such approach is to use histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi), a novel class of targeted therapies, which manipulate the immune response to cancer through epigenetic modification. Four HDACi have recently been approved for clinical use in malignancies including multiple myeloma and T-cell lymphoma. Most research in this context has focussed on HDACi and tumour cells, however, little is known about their impact on the cells of the immune system. Additionally, HDACi have been shown to impact the mechanisms by which other anti-cancer therapies exert their effects by, for example, increasing accessibility to exposed DNA through chromatin relaxation, impairing DNA damage repair pathways and increasing immune checkpoint receptor expression. This review details the effects of HDACi on immune cells, highlights the variability in these effects depending on experimental design, and provides an overview of clinical trials investigating the combination of HDACi with chemotherapy, radiotherapy, immunotherapy and multimodal regimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brendan Moran
- Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy Group, Trinity St. James's Cancer Institute, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland; Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, 123 St. Stephen's Green, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Maria Davern
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Noel E Donlon
- Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, 123 St. Stephen's Green, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Joanne Lysaght
- Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy Group, Trinity St. James's Cancer Institute, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland.
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Bouyahya A, El Omari N, Bakha M, Aanniz T, El Menyiy N, El Hachlafi N, El Baaboua A, El-Shazly M, Alshahrani MM, Al Awadh AA, Lee LH, Benali T, Mubarak MS. Pharmacological Properties of Trichostatin A, Focusing on the Anticancer Potential: A Comprehensive Review. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15101235. [PMID: 36297347 PMCID: PMC9612318 DOI: 10.3390/ph15101235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Trichostatin A (TSA), a natural derivative of dienohydroxamic acid derived from a fungal metabolite, exhibits various biological activities. It exerts antidiabetic activity and reverses high glucose levels caused by the downregulation of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression in Schwann cells, anti-inflammatory activity by suppressing the expression of various cytokines, and significant antioxidant activity by suppressing oxidative stress through multiple mechanisms. Most importantly, TSA exhibits potent inhibitory activity against different types of cancer through different pathways. The anticancer activity of TSA appeared in many in vitro and in vivo investigations that involved various cell lines and animal models. Indeed, TSA exhibits anticancer properties alone or in combination with other drugs used in chemotherapy. It induces sensitivity of some human cancers toward chemotherapeutical drugs. TSA also exhibits its action on epigenetic modulators involved in cell transformation, and therefore it is considered an epidrug candidate for cancer therapy. Accordingly, this work presents a comprehensive review of the most recent developments in utilizing this natural compound for the prevention, management, and treatment of various diseases, including cancer, along with the multiple mechanisms of action. In addition, this review summarizes the most recent and relevant literature that deals with the use of TSA as a therapeutic agent against various diseases, emphasizing its anticancer potential and the anticancer molecular mechanisms. Moreover, TSA has not been involved in toxicological effects on normal cells. Furthermore, this work highlights the potential utilization of TSA as a complementary or alternative medicine for preventing and treating cancer, alone or in combination with other anticancer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdelhakim Bouyahya
- Laboratory of Human Pathologies Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat 10106, Morocco
- Correspondence: (A.B.); (L.-H.L.); (M.S.M.)
| | - Nasreddine El Omari
- Laboratory of Histology, Embryology, and Cytogenetic, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat 10100, Morocco
| | - Mohamed Bakha
- Unit of Plant Biotechnology and Sustainable Development of Natural Resources “B2DRN”, Polydisciplinary Faculty of Beni Mellal, Sultan Moulay Slimane University, Mghila, P.O. Box 592, Beni Mellal 23000, Morocco
| | - Tarik Aanniz
- Medical Biotechnology Laboratory, Rabat Medical & Pharmacy School, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat B.P. 6203, Morocco
| | - Naoual El Menyiy
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, National Agency of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Taounate 34025, Morocco
| | - Naoufal El Hachlafi
- Microbial Biotechnology and Bioactive Molecules Laboratory, Sciences and Technologies Faculty, Sidi Mohmed Ben Abdellah University, Imouzzer Road Fez, Fez 30050, Morocco
| | - Aicha El Baaboua
- Biotechnology and Applied Microbiology Team, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Abdelmalek Essaadi University, Tetouan 93000, Morocco
| | - Mohamed El-Shazly
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain-Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt
| | - Mohammed Merae Alshahrani
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Najran University, Najran 61441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Abdullah Al Awadh
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Najran University, Najran 61441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Learn-Han Lee
- Novel Bacteria and Drug Discovery Research Group (NBDD), Microbiome and Bioresource Research Strength (MBRS), Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway 47500, Malaysia
- Correspondence: (A.B.); (L.-H.L.); (M.S.M.)
| | - Taoufiq Benali
- Environment and Health Team, Polydisciplinary Faculty of Safi, Cadi Ayyad University, Sidi Bouzid B.P. 4162, Morocco
| | - Mohammad S. Mubarak
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Jordan, Amma 11942, Jordan
- Correspondence: (A.B.); (L.-H.L.); (M.S.M.)
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9
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Gorica E, Mohammed SA, Ambrosini S, Calderone V, Costantino S, Paneni F. Epi-Drugs in Heart Failure. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:923014. [PMID: 35911511 PMCID: PMC9326055 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.923014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Unveiling the secrets of genome’s flexibility does not only foster new research in the field, but also gives rise to the exploration and development of novel epigenetic-based therapies as an approach to alleviate disease phenotypes. A better understanding of chromatin biology (DNA/histone complexes) and non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) has enabled the development of epigenetic drugs able to modulate transcriptional programs implicated in cardiovascular diseases. This particularly applies to heart failure, where epigenetic networks have shown to underpin several pathological features, such as left ventricular hypertrophy, fibrosis, cardiomyocyte apoptosis and microvascular dysfunction. Targeting epigenetic signals might represent a promising approach, especially in patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), where prognosis remains poor and breakthrough therapies have yet to be approved. In this setting, epigenetics can be employed for the development of customized therapeutic approaches thus paving the way for personalized medicine. Even though the beneficial effects of epi-drugs are gaining attention, the number of epigenetic compounds used in the clinical practice remains low suggesting that more selective epi-drugs are needed. From DNA-methylation changes to non-coding RNAs, we can establish brand-new regulations for drug targets with the aim of restoring healthy epigenomes and transcriptional programs in the failing heart. In the present review, we bring the timeline of epi-drug discovery and development, thus highlighting the emerging role of epigenetic therapies in heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Era Gorica
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zürich, Schlieren, Switzerland.,Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Shafeeq A Mohammed
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zürich, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Samuele Ambrosini
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zürich, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | | | - Sarah Costantino
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zürich, Schlieren, Switzerland.,Department of Cardiology, University Heart Center, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Francesco Paneni
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zürich, Schlieren, Switzerland.,Department of Cardiology, University Heart Center, Zurich, Switzerland.,Department of Research and Education, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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10
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Wang T, Xu H. Multi-faced roles of reactive oxygen species in anti-tumor T cell immune responses and combination immunotherapy. EXPLORATION OF MEDICINE 2022. [DOI: 10.37349/emed.2022.00076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
Abstract
T cells play a central role in anti-tumor immunity, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) lie at the crossroad on the anti-tumor T cell responses. To activate efficient T cell immunity, a moderate level of ROS is needed, however, excessive ROS would cause toxicity to the T cells, because the improper level leads to the formation and maintenance of an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. Up to date, strategies that modulate ROS, either increasing or decreasing, have been widely investigated. Some of them are utilized in anti-tumor therapies, showing inevitable impacts on the anti-tumor T cell immunity with both obverse and reverse sides. Herein, the impacts of ROS-increasing and ROS-decreasing treatments on the T cell responses in the tumor microenvironment are reviewed and discussed. At the same time, outcomes of combination immunotherapies are introduced to put forward inspirations to unleash the potential of immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Haiyan Xu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China
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11
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Abdelkader HA, Amin I, Rashed LA, Samir M, Ezzat M. Histone deacetylase 1 in patients with alopecia areata and acne vulgaris: An epigenetic alteration. Australas J Dermatol 2022; 63:e138-e141. [DOI: 10.1111/ajd.13784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Revised: 12/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Iman Amin
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine Cairo University Cairo Egypt
| | - Laila Ahmed Rashed
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine Cairo University Cairo Egypt
| | - Maha Samir
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine Cairo University Cairo Egypt
| | - Marwa Ezzat
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine Cairo University Cairo Egypt
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12
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Karagiannis D, Rampias T. HDAC Inhibitors: Dissecting Mechanisms of Action to Counter Tumor Heterogeneity. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:3575. [PMID: 34298787 PMCID: PMC8307174 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13143575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Intra-tumoral heterogeneity presents a major obstacle to cancer therapeutics, including conventional chemotherapy, immunotherapy, and targeted therapies. Stochastic events such as mutations, chromosomal aberrations, and epigenetic dysregulation, as well as micro-environmental selection pressures related to nutrient and oxygen availability, immune infiltration, and immunoediting processes can drive immense phenotypic variability in tumor cells. Here, we discuss how histone deacetylase inhibitors, a prominent class of epigenetic drugs, can be leveraged to counter tumor heterogeneity. We examine their effects on cellular processes that contribute to heterogeneity and provide insights on their mechanisms of action that could assist in the development of future therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitris Karagiannis
- Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Theodoros Rampias
- Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
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13
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Buonvicino D, Ranieri G, Chiarugi A. Treatment with Non-specific HDAC Inhibitors Administered after Disease Onset does not Delay Evolution in a Mouse Model of Progressive Multiple Sclerosis. Neuroscience 2021; 465:38-45. [PMID: 33862148 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2021.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Revised: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Drugs able to efficiently counteract progression of multiple sclerosis (MS) are still an unmet need. Several lines of evidence indicate that histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi) are clinically-available epigenetic drugs that might be repurposed for immunosuppression in MS therapy. Here, we studied the effects of HDACi on disease evolution in myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG)-immunized NOD mice, an experimental model of progressive experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (PEAE). To obtain data of potential clinical relevance, the HDACi panobinostat, givinostat and entinostat were administered orally adopting a daily treatment protocol after disease onset. We report that the 3 drugs efficiently reduced in vitro lymphocyte proliferation in a dose-dependent manner. Notably, however, none of the drugs delayed evolution of PEAE or reduced lethality in NOD mice. In striking contrast with this, however, the lymphocyte proliferation response to MOG as well as Th1 and Th17 spinal cord infiltrates were significantly lower in animals exposed to the HDACi compared to those receiving vehicle. When put into a clinical context, for the first time data cast doubt on the relevance of HDACi to treatment of progressive MS (PMS). Also, our findings further indicate that, akin to PMS, neuropathogensis of PEAE in NOD mice becomes independent from autoimmunity, thereby corroborating the relevance of this model to experimental PMS research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Buonvicino
- Department of Health Sciences, Section of Clinical Pharmacology and Oncology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.
| | - Giuseppe Ranieri
- Department of Health Sciences, Section of Clinical Pharmacology and Oncology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Alberto Chiarugi
- Department of Health Sciences, Section of Clinical Pharmacology and Oncology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
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14
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Xu X, Li X, Zhao Y, Huang H. Immunomodulatory Effects of Histone Deacetylation Inhibitors in Graft-vs.-Host Disease After Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation. Front Immunol 2021; 12:641910. [PMID: 33732262 PMCID: PMC7959724 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.641910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Histone deacetylase inhibitors are currently the most studied drugs because of their beneficial effects on inflammatory response. Emerging data from numerous basic studies and clinical trials have shown that histone deacetylase inhibitors can suppress immune-mediated diseases, such as graft-vs.-host disease (GVHD), while retaining beneficial graft-vs.-leukemia (GVL) effects. These drugs prevent and/or treat GVHD by modifying gene expression and inhibiting the production of proinflammatory cytokines, regulating the function of alloreactive T cells, and upregulating the function and number of regulatory T cells. Some of these drugs may become new immunotherapies for GVHD and other immune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxiao Xu
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunotherapy, Hangzhou, China.,School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoqin Li
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunotherapy, Hangzhou, China.,School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yanmin Zhao
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunotherapy, Hangzhou, China.,School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - He Huang
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunotherapy, Hangzhou, China.,School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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15
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Kim SI, Cassella CR, Byrne KT. Tumor Burden and Immunotherapy: Impact on Immune Infiltration and Therapeutic Outcomes. Front Immunol 2021; 11:629722. [PMID: 33597954 PMCID: PMC7882695 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.629722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy has revolutionized the treatment landscape in medical oncology, but its efficacy has been variable across patients. Biomarkers to predict such differential response to immunotherapy include cytotoxic T lymphocyte infiltration, tumor mutational burden, and microsatellite instability. A growing number of studies also suggest that baseline tumor burden, or tumor size, predicts response to immunotherapy. In this review, we discuss the changes in immune profile and therapeutic responses that occur with increasing tumor size. We also overview therapeutic approaches to reduce tumor burden and favorably modulate the immune microenvironment of larger tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel I Kim
- Program in Biochemistry, College of Arts and Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Christopher R Cassella
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Katelyn T Byrne
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States.,Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
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16
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Epigenetic modulation of selected immune response genes and altered functions of T lymphocytes and macrophages collectively contribute to autoimmune diabetes protection. BBA ADVANCES 2021; 1:100031. [PMID: 37082012 PMCID: PMC10074972 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadva.2021.100031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
We have previously demonstrated that weekly treatment of female prediabetic NOD mice with a low dose of the histone deacetylase inhibitor Trichostatin A (TSA) bestowed long-lasting, irreversible protection against autoimmune diabetes. Herein we show that drug treatment diminished the infiltration of the pancreas with CD4+, CD8+ T cells, and Ly-6C+ monocytes. Significantly, TSA administration selectively repressed the expression of a set of genes exaggerated during diabetes and constitutively expressed primarily in the spleen and rarely in the pancreas. These genes encode lymphokines, macrophage-associated determinants, and transcription factors. Although the copy numbers of many histone deacetylases increased during diabetes in the spleen and pancreas, only those upregulated in the spleen were rendered sensitive to repression by TSA treatment. Mitogen-activated T lymphocytes derived from drug-treated donors displayed diminished diabetogenic potential following transfer into immunodeficient NOD.scid mice. In the immunocompromised recipients, diabetes caused by the transfer of activated T lymphocytes from untreated diabetic mice was hampered by the co-transfer of highly purified splenic CD11b+Ly-6C+ macrophages from drug-treated mice. However, the transfer of CD11b+Ly-6C+ macrophages from drug-treated mice failed to block ongoing diabetes in wild-type NOD mice. These data demonstrate that the modified gene expression and functional alteration of T lymphocytes and macrophages collectively contribute to diabetes protection afforded by the histone modifier in female NOD mice.
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17
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Wang X, Waschke BC, Woolaver RA, Chen SMY, Chen Z, Wang JH. HDAC inhibitors overcome immunotherapy resistance in B-cell lymphoma. Protein Cell 2020; 11:472-482. [PMID: 32162275 PMCID: PMC7305292 DOI: 10.1007/s13238-020-00694-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 01/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy has been applied successfully to treat B-cell lymphomas in preclinical models or clinical settings. However, immunotherapy resistance is a major challenge for B-cell lymphoma treatment. To overcome this issue, combinatorial therapeutic strategies have been pursued to achieve a better efficacy for treating B-cell lymphomas. One of such strategies is to combine immunotherapy with histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors. HDAC inhibitors can potentially increase tumor immunogenicity, promote anti-tumor immune responses, or reverse immunosuppressive tumor environments. Thus, the combination of HDAC inhibitors and immunotherapy has drawn much attention in current cancer treatment. However, not all HDAC inhibitors are created equal and their net effects are highly dependent on the specific inhibitors used and the HDACs they target. Hence, we suggest that optimal treatment efficacy requires personalized design and rational combination based on prognostic biomarkers and unique profiles of HDAC inhibitors. Here, we discuss the possible mechanisms by which B-cell lymphomas acquire immunotherapy resistance and the effects of HDAC inhibitors on tumor cells and immune cells that could help overcome immunotherapy resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoguang Wang
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, School of Medicine, 12800 E. 19th Ave, Mail Stop 8333, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Brittany C Waschke
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, School of Medicine, 12800 E. 19th Ave, Mail Stop 8333, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Rachel A Woolaver
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, School of Medicine, 12800 E. 19th Ave, Mail Stop 8333, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Samantha M Y Chen
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, School of Medicine, 12800 E. 19th Ave, Mail Stop 8333, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Zhangguo Chen
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, School of Medicine, 12800 E. 19th Ave, Mail Stop 8333, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Jing H Wang
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, School of Medicine, 12800 E. 19th Ave, Mail Stop 8333, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA.
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18
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Iveland TS, Hagen L, Sharma A, Sousa MML, Sarno A, Wollen KL, Liabakk NB, Slupphaug G. HDACi mediate UNG2 depletion, dysregulated genomic uracil and altered expression of oncoproteins and tumor suppressors in B- and T-cell lines. J Transl Med 2020; 18:159. [PMID: 32264925 PMCID: PMC7137348 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-020-02318-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND HDAC inhibitors (HDACi) belong to a new group of chemotherapeutics that are increasingly used in the treatment of lymphocyte-derived malignancies, but their mechanisms of action remain poorly understood. Here we aimed to identify novel protein targets of HDACi in B- and T-lymphoma cell lines and to verify selected candidates across several mammalian cell lines. METHODS Jurkat T- and SUDHL5 B-lymphocytes were treated with the HDACi SAHA (vorinostat) prior to SILAC-based quantitative proteome analysis. Selected differentially expressed proteins were verified by targeted mass spectrometry, RT-PCR and western analysis in multiple mammalian cell lines. Genomic uracil was quantified by LC-MS/MS, cell cycle distribution analyzed by flow cytometry and class switch recombination monitored by FACS in murine CH12F3 cells. RESULTS SAHA treatment resulted in differential expression of 125 and 89 proteins in Jurkat and SUDHL5, respectively, of which 19 were commonly affected. Among these were several oncoproteins and tumor suppressors previously not reported to be affected by HDACi. Several key enzymes determining the cellular dUTP/dTTP ratio were downregulated and in both cell lines we found robust depletion of UNG2, the major glycosylase in genomic uracil sanitation. UNG2 depletion was accompanied by hyperacetylation and mediated by increased proteasomal degradation independent of cell cycle stage. UNG2 degradation appeared to be ubiquitous and was observed across several mammalian cell lines of different origin and with several HDACis. Loss of UNG2 was accompanied by 30-40% increase in genomic uracil in freely cycling HEK cells and reduced immunoglobulin class-switch recombination in murine CH12F3 cells. CONCLUSION We describe several oncoproteins and tumor suppressors previously not reported to be affected by HDACi in previous transcriptome analyses, underscoring the importance of proteome analysis to identify cellular effectors of HDACi treatment. The apparently ubiquitous depletion of UNG2 and PCLAF establishes DNA base excision repair and translesion synthesis as novel pathways affected by HDACi treatment. Dysregulated genomic uracil homeostasis may aid interpretation of HDACi effects in cancer cells and further advance studies on this class of inhibitors in the treatment of APOBEC-expressing tumors, autoimmune disease and HIV-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias S Iveland
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491, Trondheim, Norway.,Cancer Clinic, St. Olav's Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Lars Hagen
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491, Trondheim, Norway.,Clinic of Laboratory Medicine, St. Olav's Hospital, Trondheim, Norway.,Proteomics and Modomics Experimental Core, PROMEC, at NTNU and the Central Norway Regional Health Authority, Stjørdal, Norway
| | - Animesh Sharma
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491, Trondheim, Norway.,Clinic of Laboratory Medicine, St. Olav's Hospital, Trondheim, Norway.,Proteomics and Modomics Experimental Core, PROMEC, at NTNU and the Central Norway Regional Health Authority, Stjørdal, Norway
| | - Mirta M L Sousa
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491, Trondheim, Norway.,Clinic of Laboratory Medicine, St. Olav's Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Antonio Sarno
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491, Trondheim, Norway.,Clinic of Laboratory Medicine, St. Olav's Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Kristian Lied Wollen
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Nina Beate Liabakk
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491, Trondheim, Norway.,Clinic of Laboratory Medicine, St. Olav's Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Geir Slupphaug
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491, Trondheim, Norway. .,Clinic of Laboratory Medicine, St. Olav's Hospital, Trondheim, Norway. .,Proteomics and Modomics Experimental Core, PROMEC, at NTNU and the Central Norway Regional Health Authority, Stjørdal, Norway.
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19
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Histone deacetylase inhibition promotes intratumoral CD8 + T-cell responses, sensitizing murine breast tumors to anti-PD1. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2019; 68:2081-2094. [PMID: 31720815 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-019-02430-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors impair tumor cell proliferation and alter gene expression. However, the impact of these changes on anti-tumor immunity is poorly understood. Here, we showed that the class I HDAC inhibitor, entinostat (ENT), promoted the expression of immune-modulatory molecules, including MHCII, costimulatory ligands, and chemokines on murine breast tumor cells in vitro and in vivo. ENT also impaired tumor growth in vivo-an effect that was dependent on both CD8+ T cells and IFNγ. Moreover, ENT promoted intratumoral T-cell clonal expansion and enhanced their functional activity. Importantly, ENT sensitized normally unresponsive tumors to the effects of PD1 blockade, predominantly through increases in T-cell proliferation. Our findings suggest that class I HDAC inhibitors impair tumor growth by enhancing the proliferative and functional capacity of CD8+ T cells and by sensitizing tumor cells to T-cell recognition.
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20
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Sittipo P, Shim JW, Lee YK. Microbial Metabolites Determine Host Health and the Status of Some Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20215296. [PMID: 31653062 PMCID: PMC6862038 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20215296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Revised: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The gastrointestinal (GI) tract is a highly complex organ composed of the intestinal epithelium layer, intestinal microbiota, and local immune system. Intestinal microbiota residing in the GI tract engages in a mutualistic relationship with the host. Different sections of the GI tract contain distinct proportions of the intestinal microbiota, resulting in the presence of unique bacterial products in each GI section. The intestinal microbiota converts ingested nutrients into metabolites that target either the intestinal microbiota population or host cells. Metabolites act as messengers of information between the intestinal microbiota and host cells. The intestinal microbiota composition and resulting metabolites thus impact host development, health, and pathogenesis. Many recent studies have focused on modulation of the gut microbiota and their metabolites to improve host health and prevent or treat diseases. In this review, we focus on the production of microbial metabolites, their biological impact on the intestinal microbiota composition and host cells, and the effect of microbial metabolites that contribute to improvements in inflammatory bowel diseases and metabolic diseases. Understanding the role of microbial metabolites in protection against disease might offer an intriguing approach to regulate disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panida Sittipo
- Department of Integrated Biomedical Science, Soonchunhyang Institute of Medi-Bio Science, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan 31151, Korea.
| | - Jae-Won Shim
- Department of Integrated Biomedical Science, Soonchunhyang Institute of Medi-Bio Science, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan 31151, Korea.
| | - Yun Kyung Lee
- Department of Integrated Biomedical Science, Soonchunhyang Institute of Medi-Bio Science, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan 31151, Korea.
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21
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Zhang Y, Xie H, Tang W, Zeng X, Lin Y, Xu L, Xiao L, Xu J, Wu Z, Yuan D. Trichostatin A, a Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor, Alleviates Eosinophilic Meningitis Induced by Angiostrongylus cantonensis Infection in Mice. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:2280. [PMID: 31636619 PMCID: PMC6787401 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.02280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 09/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Histone deacetylase inhibitor (HDACi) has been used in the treatment of neurodegenerative or autoimmune diseases. Angiostrongyliasis cantonensis caused by Angiostrongylus cantonensis infection is an emerging zoonosis of human eosinophilic meningitis or meningoencephalitis. Progressive neuronal apoptosis is the pathological basis of behavioral dysfunctions in angiostrongyliasis cantonensis. Neurological defects after anthelmintic treatment for angiostrongyliasis cantonensis are still common. In this study, we examined the effects of trichostatin A (TSA), a HDACi, on eosinophilic meningitis induced by A. cantonensis in mice. Intragastric administration of TSA significantly ameliorated brain injury and decreased cognitive impairments in mice at 15 days post-infection. TSA administration effectively reduced the inflammatory factor levels of iNOS, TNF-α, IL-5, IL-6, and IL-13 in infected mice. TSA treatment counteracted apoptosis with reduced expression levels of cleaved caspase-3, -4, -6, and RIP3 in A. cantonensis infected mice. In addition, TSA administration reduced total HDAC activity and increased the acetylation of histone H3 and H4 in the brain tissue of infected mice. The underlying mechanism of TSA on eosinophilic meningitis might be associated with decreased NF-κB p65 nuclear accumulation by inhibiting IκB phosphorylation. Furthermore, a co-expressive network of NF-κB p65 with 22 other genes was constructed according to our previous transcriptomic data in infected mice. We identified the correlations in the gene expression of NF-κB p65 with Lrp10, Il12rb1, Nfkbia, Ube2n, and Ube2d1 in infected mice after TSA administration. Thus, TSA has a protective effect on the progression of eosinophilic meningitis induced by A. cantonensis in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhua Zhang
- Department of Parasitology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory for Tropical Diseases Control (SYSU), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China.,Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Diseases-Vectors Control, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hui Xie
- Department of Parasitology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory for Tropical Diseases Control (SYSU), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China.,Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Diseases-Vectors Control, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenyan Tang
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xingda Zeng
- Department of Parasitology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory for Tropical Diseases Control (SYSU), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China.,Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Diseases-Vectors Control, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu Lin
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lian Xu
- Department of Parasitology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory for Tropical Diseases Control (SYSU), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China.,Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Diseases-Vectors Control, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lihua Xiao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jun Xu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhongdao Wu
- Department of Parasitology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory for Tropical Diseases Control (SYSU), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China.,Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Diseases-Vectors Control, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dongjuan Yuan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
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22
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Immunoepigenetics Combination Therapies: An Overview of the Role of HDACs in Cancer Immunotherapy. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20092241. [PMID: 31067680 PMCID: PMC6539010 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20092241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2019] [Revised: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 04/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Long-standing efforts to identify the multifaceted roles of histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACis) have positioned these agents as promising drug candidates in combatting cancer, autoimmune, neurodegenerative, and infectious diseases. The same has also encouraged the evaluation of multiple HDACi candidates in preclinical studies in cancer and other diseases as well as the FDA-approval towards clinical use for specific agents. In this review, we have discussed how the efficacy of immunotherapy can be leveraged by combining it with HDACis. We have also included a brief overview of the classification of HDACis as well as their various roles in physiological and pathophysiological scenarios to target key cellular processes promoting the initiation, establishment, and progression of cancer. Given the critical role of the tumor microenvironment (TME) towards the outcome of anticancer therapies, we have also discussed the effect of HDACis on different components of the TME. We then have gradually progressed into examples of specific pan-HDACis, class I HDACi, and selective HDACis that either have been incorporated into clinical trials or show promising preclinical effects for future consideration. Finally, we have included examples of ongoing trials for each of the above categories of HDACis as standalone agents or in combination with immunotherapeutic approaches.
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23
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Mechanism of Action for HDAC Inhibitors-Insights from Omics Approaches. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20071616. [PMID: 30939743 PMCID: PMC6480157 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20071616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2019] [Revised: 03/26/2019] [Accepted: 03/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDIs) are a class of prominent epigenetic drugs that are currently being tested in hundreds of clinical trials against a variety of diseases. A few compounds have already been approved for treating lymphoma or myeloma. HDIs bind to the zinc-containing catalytic domain of the histone deacetylase (HDACs) and they repress the deacetylase enzymatic activity. The broad therapeutic effect of HDIs with seemingly low toxicity is somewhat puzzling when considering that most HDIs lack strict specificity toward any individual HDAC and, even if they do, each individual HDAC has diverse functions under different physiology scenarios. Here, we review recent mechanistic studies using omics approaches, including epigenomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, and chemoproteomics, methods. These omics studies provide non-biased insights into the mechanism of action for HDIs.
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24
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Jin S, Liao Q, Chen J, Zhang L, He Q, Zhu H, Zhang X, Xu J. TSC1 and DEPDC5 regulate HIV-1 latency through the mTOR signaling pathway. Emerg Microbes Infect 2018; 7:138. [PMID: 30087333 PMCID: PMC6081400 DOI: 10.1038/s41426-018-0139-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2018] [Revised: 06/14/2018] [Accepted: 06/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The latent reservoir of HIV-1 presents a major barrier to viral eradication. The mechanism of the establishment and maintenance of the latent viral reservoir is not yet fully understood, which hinders the development of effective curative strategies. In this study, we identified two inhibitory genes, TSC1 and DEPDC5, that maintained HIV-1 latency by suppressing the mTORC1 pathway. We first adapted a genome-wide CRISPR screening approach to identify host factors required for HIV latency in a T-cell-based latency model and discovered two inhibitory genes, TSC1 and DEPDC5, which are potentially involved in HIV-1 latency. Knockout of either TSC1 or DEPDC5 led to enhanced HIV-1 reactivation in both a T-cell line (C11) and a monocyte cell line (U1), and this enhancement could be antagonized by the mTORC1 inhibitor rapamycin. Further evaluation of the mechanism revealed that TSC1 suppresses AKT-mTORC1-S6 via downregulation of Rheb, whereas DEPDC5 inhibits AKT-mTORC1-S6 through RagA. Overall, both TSC1 and DEPDC5 negatively regulate the AKT-mTORC1 pathway, and thus their agonists could be used in the development of new therapeutic approaches for activating HIV-1 latency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Jin
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qibin Liao
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian Chen
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Linxia Zhang
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qian He
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Huanzhang Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology of Ministry of Education/Health, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoyan Zhang
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Jianqing Xu
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China. .,State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, China Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.
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25
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Gonçalves P, Araújo JR, Di Santo JP. A Cross-Talk Between Microbiota-Derived Short-Chain Fatty Acids and the Host Mucosal Immune System Regulates Intestinal Homeostasis and Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2018; 24:558-572. [PMID: 29462379 DOI: 10.1093/ibd/izx029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 251] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Gut microbiota has a fundamental role in the energy homeostasis of the host and is essential for proper "education" of the immune system. Intestinal microbial communities are able to ferment dietary fiber releasing short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). The SCFAs, particularly butyrate (BT), regulate innate and adaptive immune cell generation, trafficing, and function. For example, BT has an anti-inflammatory effect by inhibiting the recruitment and proinflammatory activity of neutrophils, macrophages, dendritic cells, and effector T cells and by increasing the number and activity of regulatory T cells. Gut microbial dysbiosis, ie, a microbial community imbalance, has been suggested to play a role in the development of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The relationship between dysbiosis and IBD has been difficult to prove, especially in humans, and is probably complex and dynamic, rather than one of a simple cause and effect relationship. However, IBD patients have dysbiosis with reduced numbers of SCFAs-producing bacteria and reduced BT concentration that is linked to a marked increase in the number of proinflammatory immune cells in the gut mucosa of these patients. Thus, microbial dysbiosis and reduced BT concentration may be a factor in the emergence and severity of IBD. Understanding the relationship between microbial dysbiosis and reduced BT concentration to IBD may lead to novel therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Gonçalves
- Innate Immunity Unit, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1223, Paris, France
| | - João Ricardo Araújo
- Molecular Microbial Pathogenesis Unit, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1202, Paris, France
| | - James P Di Santo
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1223, Paris, France
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26
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McCaw TR, Randall TD, Forero A, Buchsbaum DJ. Modulation of antitumor immunity with histone deacetylase inhibitors. Immunotherapy 2017; 9:1359-1372. [PMID: 29185390 PMCID: PMC6077764 DOI: 10.2217/imt-2017-0134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2017] [Accepted: 10/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Histone deacetylase inhibitors possess a broad array of antitumor activities; however, their net impact on the evolving antitumor immune response is highly dependent on the inhibitors used and the histone deacetylases they target. Herein, we sequentially focus on each stage of the antitumor immune response - from dendritic cell activation and migration, antigen uptake and presentation, T-cell activation and differentiation and the enactment of antitumor effector functions within the tumor microenvironment. In particular, we will discuss how various inhibitors have different effects depending on cellular activation, experimental design and specific histone deacetylases being targeted - and how these changes impact the outcome of an antitumor immune response. At last, we consider the impact these inhibitors may have on T-cell exhaustion and implications for combination with other immunomodulating therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyler R McCaw
- Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology & Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA, 35233
| | - Troy D Randall
- Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology & Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA, 35233
| | - Andres Forero
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology & Oncology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA, 35233
| | - Donald J Buchsbaum
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA, 35233
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27
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Bedri SK, Fink K, Manouchehrinia A, Lundström W, Kockum I, Olsson T, Hillert J, Glaser A. Multiple sclerosis treatment effects on plasma cytokine receptor levels. Clin Immunol 2017; 187:15-25. [PMID: 28941836 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2017.08.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2017] [Revised: 08/24/2017] [Accepted: 08/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Genetic variants within some cytokine receptor genes have been associated with MS susceptibility, including IL7RA and IL2RA. As these genes are expressed by cells targeted by immune-modulatory drugs, we explored the potential role of their gene products as biomarkers in monitoring MS treatment. We assessed the impact of natalizumab followed by fingolimod on the intra-individual changes of plasma protein levels of sIL-7Rα, sIL-2Rα and also sIL-6R and sgp130 in MS patients. During natalizumab treatment we observed a decline in sgp130 and sIL-7Rα levels, while subsequent fingolimod treatment lead to increased sgp130 and sIL-7Rα and decreased sIL-2Rα levels. In addition, during fingolimod treatment sIL-7Rα levels were increasing significantly more in patients homozygous for the MS risk genotype of rs6897932. We also observed an effect of the MS associated rs71624119 on sgp130 levels. These results may elucidate the pharmacodynamics of treatments and help identify biomarkers for MS outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahl Khalid Bedri
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience and Centrum for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Katharina Fink
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience and Centrum for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ali Manouchehrinia
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience and Centrum for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Wangko Lundström
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience and Centrum for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ingrid Kockum
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience and Centrum for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Tomas Olsson
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience and Centrum for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jan Hillert
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience and Centrum for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anna Glaser
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience and Centrum for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
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28
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Anantharaju PG, Reddy BD, Padukudru MA, Kumari Chitturi CHM, Vimalambike MG, Madhunapantula SV. Naturally occurring benzoic acid derivatives retard cancer cell growth by inhibiting histone deacetylases (HDAC). Cancer Biol Ther 2017; 18:492-504. [PMID: 28506198 PMCID: PMC5639858 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2017.1324374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2017] [Revised: 04/18/2017] [Accepted: 04/23/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Histone deacetylases (HDACs), which modulate the expression of genes, are potential therapeutic targets in several cancers. Targeted inhibition of HDAC prevents the expression of oncogenes thereby help in the treatment of cancers. Hence, several pharmaceutical companies developed inhibitors of HDAC and tested them in preclinical models and in clinical trials. SAHA (suberanilohydroxamic acid) is one such HDAC inhibitor developed for treating breast and colorectal carcinomas. However, due to poor efficacy in clinical trials the utility of SAHA for treating cancers was discouraged. Similarly another HDAC inhibitor Trichostatin-A (TSA) also showed promising results in clinical trials but exhibited severe adverse effects, which dampened the interest of using this molecule for cancer treatment. Therefore, search for developing a potent HDAC inhibitor with minimal side effects still continues. Hence, in this study we have screened benzoic acid and benzoic acid derivatives with hydroxylic (-OH) groups and methoxy (-OCH3) groups for their efficacy to bind to the TSA binding site of HDAC using molecular docking studies. Molecules that showed much stronger affinity (than TSA) to HDAC were tested for inhibiting HDAC expressing cultured cancer cells. DHBA but not Dimethoxy Benzoic Acid (DMBA) inhibited HDAC activity, leading to cancer cell growth inhibition through the induction of ROS and cellular apoptosis mediated by Caspase-3. In addition, DHBA arrested cells in G2/M phase of the cell cycle and elevated the levels of sub-G0-G1 cell population. In summary, results of this study report that DHBA could be a strong HDAC inhibitor and inhibit cancer cell growth more effectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Preethi G. Anantharaju
- Department of Biochemistry, Center of Excellence in Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine, JSS Medical College, Jagadguru Sri Shivarathreeshwara University, Mysore, Karnataka, India
| | - Bandi Deepa Reddy
- Department of Applied Microbiology, Sri Padmavati Mahila Visvavidyalayam (Women's University), Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Mahesh A. Padukudru
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, JSS Medical College, Jagadguru Sri Shivarathreeshwara University, Mysore, Karnataka, India
| | - CH. M. Kumari Chitturi
- Department of Applied Microbiology, Sri Padmavati Mahila Visvavidyalayam (Women's University), Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Manjunath G. Vimalambike
- Department of Pathology, JSS Medical College, Jagadguru Sri Shivarathreeshwara University, Mysore, Karnataka, India
| | - SubbaRao V. Madhunapantula
- Department of Biochemistry, Center of Excellence in Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine, JSS Medical College, Jagadguru Sri Shivarathreeshwara University, Mysore, Karnataka, India
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29
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Ibrahim N, Buchbinder EI, Granter SR, Rodig SJ, Giobbie-Hurder A, Becerra C, Tsiaras A, Gjini E, Fisher DE, Hodi FS. A phase I trial of panobinostat (LBH589) in patients with metastatic melanoma. Cancer Med 2016; 5:3041-3050. [PMID: 27748045 PMCID: PMC5119958 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2016] [Revised: 06/16/2016] [Accepted: 07/17/2016] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic alterations by histone/protein deacetylases (HDACs) are one of the many mechanisms that cancer cells use to alter gene expression and promote growth. HDAC inhibitors have proven to be effective in the treatment of specific malignancies, particularly in combination with other anticancer agents. We conducted a phase I trial of panobinostat in patients with unresectable stage III or IV melanoma. Patients were treated with oral panobinostat at a dose of 30 mg daily on Mondays, Wednesdays, and Fridays (Arm A). Three of the six patients on this dose experienced clinically significant thrombocytopenia requiring dose interruption. Due to this, a second treatment arm was opened and the dose was changed to 30 mg oral panobinostat three times a week every other week (Arm B). Six patients were treated on Arm A and 10 patients were enrolled to Arm B with nine patients treated. In nine patients treated on Arm B, the response rate was 0% (90% confidence interval [CI]: 0–28%) and the disease‐control rate was 22% (90% CI: 4–55%). Among all 15 patients treated, the overall response rate was 0% (90% CI: 0–17%) and the disease‐control rate was 27% (90% CI: 10–51%). There was a high rate of toxicity associated with treatment. Correlative studies suggest the presence of immune modifications after HDAC inhibition. Panobinostat is not active as a single agent in the treatment of melanoma. Further exploration of this agent in combination with other therapies may be warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nageatte Ibrahim
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts.,Currently at Merck & Co.,, Kenilworth, New Jersey
| | | | - Scott R Granter
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Scott J Rodig
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Anita Giobbie-Hurder
- Department of Biostatistics & Computational Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Carla Becerra
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Argyro Tsiaras
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Evisa Gjini
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - David E Fisher
- Department of Dermatology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - F Stephen Hodi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
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30
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Duffy S, Fam HK, Wang YK, Styles EB, Kim JH, Ang JS, Singh T, Larionov V, Shah SP, Andrews B, Boerkoel CF, Hieter P. Overexpression screens identify conserved dosage chromosome instability genes in yeast and human cancer. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2016; 113:9967-76. [PMID: 27551064 PMCID: PMC5018746 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1611839113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Somatic copy number amplification and gene overexpression are common features of many cancers. To determine the role of gene overexpression on chromosome instability (CIN), we performed genome-wide screens in the budding yeast for yeast genes that cause CIN when overexpressed, a phenotype we refer to as dosage CIN (dCIN), and identified 245 dCIN genes. This catalog of genes reveals human orthologs known to be recurrently overexpressed and/or amplified in tumors. We show that two genes, TDP1, a tyrosyl-DNA-phosphdiesterase, and TAF12, an RNA polymerase II TATA-box binding factor, cause CIN when overexpressed in human cells. Rhabdomyosarcoma lines with elevated human Tdp1 levels also exhibit CIN that can be partially rescued by siRNA-mediated knockdown of TDP1 Overexpression of dCIN genes represents a genetic vulnerability that could be leveraged for selective killing of cancer cells through targeting of an unlinked synthetic dosage lethal (SDL) partner. Using SDL screens in yeast, we identified a set of genes that when deleted specifically kill cells with high levels of Tdp1. One gene was the histone deacetylase RPD3, for which there are known inhibitors. Both HT1080 cells overexpressing hTDP1 and rhabdomyosarcoma cells with elevated levels of hTdp1 were more sensitive to histone deacetylase inhibitors valproic acid (VPA) and trichostatin A (TSA), recapitulating the SDL interaction in human cells and suggesting VPA and TSA as potential therapeutic agents for tumors with elevated levels of hTdp1. The catalog of dCIN genes presented here provides a candidate list to identify genes that cause CIN when overexpressed in cancer, which can then be leveraged through SDL to selectively target tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Supipi Duffy
- Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 1Z4
| | - Hok Khim Fam
- Child and Family Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada V5Z 4H4; Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 1Z3
| | - Yi Kan Wang
- BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC, Canada V5Z 4E6
| | - Erin B Styles
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada M5S 1A8; The Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada M5S 3E1
| | - Jung-Hyun Kim
- Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - J Sidney Ang
- Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 1Z4
| | - Tejomayee Singh
- Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 1Z4
| | - Vladimir Larionov
- Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | | | - Brenda Andrews
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada M5S 1A8; The Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada M5S 3E1
| | - Cornelius F Boerkoel
- Child and Family Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada V5Z 4H4; Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 1Z3
| | - Philip Hieter
- Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 1Z4; Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 1Z3;
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31
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Shen L, Orillion A, Pili R. Histone deacetylase inhibitors as immunomodulators in cancer therapeutics. Epigenomics 2016; 8:415-28. [PMID: 26950532 DOI: 10.2217/epi.15.118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
HDAC inhibitors (HDACIs) are anticancer agents being developed in preclinical and clinical settings due to their capacity to modulate gene expression involved in cell growth, differentiation and apoptosis, through modification of both chromatin histone and nonhistone proteins. Most HDACIs in clinical development have cytotoxic or cytostatic properties and their direct inhibitory effects on tumor cells are well documented. Numerous studies have revealed that HDACIs have potent immunomodulatory activity in tumor-bearing animals and cancer patients, providing guidance to apply these agents in cancer immunotherapies. Here, we summarize recent reports addressing the effects of HDACIs on tumor cell immunogenicity, and on different components of the host immune system. In addition, we discuss the complexity of the immunomodulatory activity of these agents, which depends on the class specificity of the HDACIs, different experimental settings and the target immune cell populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Shen
- Genitourinary Program, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA
| | - Ashley Orillion
- Genitourinary Program, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA.,Genitourinary Program, Indiana University Melvin & Bren Simon Cancer Center, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Roberto Pili
- Genitourinary Program, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA.,Genitourinary Program, Indiana University Melvin & Bren Simon Cancer Center, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
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32
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Kroesen M, Gielen P, Brok IC, Armandari I, Hoogerbrugge PM, Adema GJ. HDAC inhibitors and immunotherapy; a double edged sword? Oncotarget 2015; 5:6558-72. [PMID: 25115382 PMCID: PMC4196144 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.2289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic modifications, like histone acetylation, are essential for regulating gene expression within cells. Cancer cells acquire pathological epigenetic modifications resulting in gene expression patterns that facilitate and sustain tumorigenesis. Epigenetic manipulation therefore is emerging as a novel targeted therapy for cancer. Histone Acetylases (HATs) and Histone Deacetylases (HDACs) regulate histone acetylation and hence gene expression. Histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors are well known to affect cancer cell viability and biology and are already in use for the treatment of cancer patients. Immunotherapy can lead to clinical benefit in selected cancer patients, especially in patients with limited disease after tumor debulking. HDAC inhibitors can potentially synergize with immunotherapy by elimination of tumor cells. The direct effects of HDAC inhibitors on immune cell function, however, remain largely unexplored. Initial data have suggested HDAC inhibitors to be predominantly immunosuppressive, but more recent reports have challenged this view. In this review we will discuss the effects of HDAC inhibitors on tumor cells and different immune cell subsets, synergistic interactions and possible mechanisms. Finally, we will address future challenges and potential application of HDAC inhibitors in immunocombination therapy of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michiel Kroesen
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Department of Pediatric Oncology, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Paul Gielen
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Ingrid C Brok
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Inna Armandari
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Peter M Hoogerbrugge
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Princes Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, The Bilt, The Netherlands
| | - Gosse J Adema
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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33
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Manipulation of B-cell responses with histone deacetylase inhibitors. Nat Commun 2015; 6:6838. [PMID: 25913720 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms7838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2014] [Accepted: 03/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi) are approved for treating certain haematological malignancies, however, recent evidence also illustrates they are modulators of the immune system. In experimental models, HDACi are particularly potent against malignancies originating from the B-lymphocyte lineage. Here we examine the ability of this class of compounds to modify both protective and autoimmune antibody responses. In vitro, HDACi affect B-cell proliferation, survival and differentiation in an HDAC-class-dependent manner. Strikingly, treatment of lupus-prone Mrl/lpr mice with the HDACi panobinostat significantly reduces autoreactive plasma-cell numbers, autoantibodies and nephritis, while other immune parameters remain largely unaffected. Immunized control mice treated with panobinostat or the clinically approved HDACi vorinostat have significantly impaired primary antibody responses, but these treatments surprisingly spare circulating memory B cells. These studies indicate that panobinostat is a potential therapy for B-cell-driven autoimmune conditions and HDACi do not induce major long-term detrimental effects on B-cell memory.
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34
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Cao K, Wang G, Li W, Zhang L, Wang R, Huang Y, Du L, Jiang J, Wu C, He X, Roberts AI, Li F, Rabson AB, Wang Y, Shi Y. Histone deacetylase inhibitors prevent activation-induced cell death and promote anti-tumor immunity. Oncogene 2015; 34:5960-70. [PMID: 25745993 PMCID: PMC4672172 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2015.46] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2014] [Revised: 01/24/2015] [Accepted: 01/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The poor efficacy of the in vivo anti-tumor immune response has been partially attributed to ineffective T-cell responses mounted against the tumor. Fas-FasL-dependent activation-induced cell death (AICD) of T cells is believed to be a major contributor to compromised anti-tumor immunity. The molecular mechanisms of AICD are well-investigated, yet the possibility of regulating AICD for cancer therapy remains to be explored. In this study, we show that histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACIs) can inhibit apoptosis of CD4+ T cells within the tumor, thereby enhancing anti-tumor immune responses and suppressing melanoma growth. This inhibitory effect is specific for AICD through suppressing NFAT1-regulated FasL expression on activated CD4+ T cells. In gld/gld mice with mutation in FasL, the beneficial effect of HDACIs on AICD of infiltrating CD4+ T cells is not seen, confirming the critical role of FasL regulation in the anti-tumor effect of HDACIs. Importantly, we found that the co-administration of HDACIs and anti-CTLA4 could further enhance the infiltration of CD4+ T cells and achieve a synergistic therapeutic effect on tumor. Therefore, our study demonstrates that the modulation of AICD of tumor-infiltrating CD4+ T cells using HDACIs can enhance anti-tumor immune responses, uncovering a novel mechanism underlying the anti-tumor effect of HDACIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Cao
- Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences/Shanghai Jiao Tong University of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - G Wang
- Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences/Shanghai Jiao Tong University of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - W Li
- Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences/Shanghai Jiao Tong University of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - L Zhang
- Child Health Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, USA.,The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Institutes for Translational Medicine, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - R Wang
- Uro-Oncology Research, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Y Huang
- Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences/Shanghai Jiao Tong University of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - L Du
- Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences/Shanghai Jiao Tong University of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - J Jiang
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
| | - C Wu
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
| | - X He
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
| | - A I Roberts
- Child Health Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - F Li
- Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences/Shanghai Jiao Tong University of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - A B Rabson
- Child Health Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Y Wang
- Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences/Shanghai Jiao Tong University of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Y Shi
- Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences/Shanghai Jiao Tong University of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Child Health Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, USA.,The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Institutes for Translational Medicine, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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35
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Castelo-Branco G, Stridh P, Guerreiro-Cacais AO, Adzemovic MZ, Falcão AM, Marta M, Berglund R, Gillett A, Hamza KH, Lassmann H, Hermanson O, Jagodic M. Acute treatment with valproic acid and l-thyroxine ameliorates clinical signs of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis and prevents brain pathology in DA rats. Neurobiol Dis 2014; 71:220-33. [PMID: 25149263 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2014.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2014] [Revised: 06/30/2014] [Accepted: 08/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is the most common chronic inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS) in young adults. Chronic treatments with histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACis) have been reported to ameliorate experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), a rodent model of MS, by targeting immune responses. We have recently shown that the HDAC inhibition/knockdown in the presence of thyroid hormone (T3) can also promote oligodendrocyte (OL) differentiation and expression of myelin genes in neural stem cells (NSCs) and oligodendrocyte precursors (OPCs). In this study, we found that treatment with an HDACi, valproic acid (VPA), and T3, alone or in combination, directly affects encephalitogenic CD4+ T cells. VPA, but not T3, compromised their proliferation, while both molecules reduced the frequency of IL-17-producing cells. Transfer of T3, VPA and VPA/T3 treated encephalitogenic CD4+ T cells into naïve rats induced less severe EAE, indicating that the effects of these molecules are persistent and do not require their maintenance after the initial stimuli. Thus, we investigated the effect of acute treatment with VPA and l-thyroxine (T4), a precursor of T3, on myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein-induced EAE in Dark Agouti rats, a close mimic of MS. We found that a brief treatment after disease onset led to sustained amelioration of EAE and prevention of inflammatory demyelination in the CNS accompanied with a higher expression of myelin-related genes in the brain. Furthermore, the treatment modulated immune responses, reduced the number of CD4+ T cells and affected the Th1 differentiation program in the brain. Our data indicate that an acute treatment with VPA and T4 after the onset of EAE can produce persistent clinically relevant therapeutic effects by limiting the pathogenic immune reactions while promoting myelin gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gonçalo Castelo-Branco
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Pernilla Stridh
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Milena Z Adzemovic
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Center for Brain Research, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ana Mendanha Falcão
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Monica Marta
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Neuroscience, Blizard Institute, Queen Mary University London, London, UK
| | - Rasmus Berglund
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Alan Gillett
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Kedir Hussen Hamza
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Ola Hermanson
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Maja Jagodic
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
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Jones RB, O'Connor R, Mueller S, Foley M, Szeto GL, Karel D, Lichterfeld M, Kovacs C, Ostrowski MA, Trocha A, Irvine DJ, Walker BD. Histone deacetylase inhibitors impair the elimination of HIV-infected cells by cytotoxic T-lymphocytes. PLoS Pathog 2014; 10:e1004287. [PMID: 25122219 PMCID: PMC4133386 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1004287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 165] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2014] [Accepted: 06/18/2014] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Resting memory CD4+ T-cells harboring latent HIV proviruses represent a critical barrier to viral eradication. Histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACis), such as suberanilohydroxamic acid (SAHA), romidepsin, and panobinostat have been shown to induce HIV expression in these resting cells. Recently, it has been demonstrated that the low levels of viral gene expression induced by a candidate HDACi may be insufficient to cause the death of infected cells by viral cytopathic effects, necessitating their elimination by immune effectors, such as cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTL). Here, we study the impact of three HDACis in clinical development on T-cell effector functions. We report two modes of HDACi-induced functional impairment: i) the rapid suppression of cytokine production from viable T-cells induced by all three HDACis ii) the selective death of activated T-cells occurring at later time-points following transient exposures to romidepsin or, to a lesser extent, panobinostat. As a net result of these factors, HDACis impaired CTL-mediated IFN-γ production, as well as the elimination of HIV-infected or peptide-pulsed target cells, both in liquid culture and in collagen matrices. Romidepsin exerted greater inhibition of antiviral function than SAHA or panobinostat over the dose ranges tested. These data suggest that treatment with HDACis to mobilize the latent reservoir could have unintended negative impacts on the effector functions of CTL. This could influence the effectiveness of HDACi-based eradication strategies, by impairing elimination of infected cells, and is a critical consideration for trials where therapeutic interruptions are being contemplated, given the importance of CTL in containing rebound viremia. The advent of antiretroviral therapy has greatly improved the prognosis for HIV-infected individuals with access to care. However, current therapies are unable to cure infection, committing treated individuals to a lifetime of medication with significant economic burden. Furthermore, it has become clear that antiretroviral therapy does not completely restore health, leaving treated HIV-infected individuals at increased risk of cardiovascular disease, neurological disorders, and other health issues. Thus, there is a need to develop therapies capable of curing HIV infection. It is thought that, to be successful, curative strategies will need to combine a means to flush the virus out of the latently-infected cells in which it hides, with a means to kill these unmasked targets. A front-running approach proposes to use a class of drugs called histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACis) as flushing agents, with cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTL, or killer T-cells) to purge viral reservoirs. Here, we uncover an unexpected negative interaction between these two agents, whereby HDACis suppress the ability of CTL to kill HIV-infected cells. This interaction has the potential to limit the effectiveness of combining CTL with HDACis in flush and kill approaches to HIV eradication, and should be considered in the prioritization and optimization of potential curative strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Brad Jones
- The Ragon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Rachel O'Connor
- The Ragon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Stefanie Mueller
- The Ragon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Maria Foley
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Biological Engineering, MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Gregory L. Szeto
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Biological Engineering, MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Dan Karel
- The Ragon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Mathias Lichterfeld
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Colin Kovacs
- The Maple Leaf Medical Clinic, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mario A. Ostrowski
- The Maple Leaf Medical Clinic, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Li Ka Shing Medical Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Alicja Trocha
- The Ragon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Darrell J. Irvine
- The Ragon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Biological Engineering, MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Bruce D. Walker
- The Ragon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, Maryland, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Ghare SS, Joshi-Barve S, Moghe A, Patil M, Barker DF, Gobejishvili L, Brock GN, Cave M, McClain CJ, Barve SS. Coordinated histone H3 methylation and acetylation regulate physiologic and pathologic fas ligand gene expression in human CD4+ T cells. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2014; 193:412-21. [PMID: 24899502 PMCID: PMC5096587 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1400055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Activation-induced Fas ligand (FasL) mRNA expression in CD4+ T cells is mainly controlled at transcriptional initiation. To elucidate the epigenetic mechanisms regulating physiologic and pathologic FasL transcription, TCR stimulation-responsive promoter histone modifications in normal and alcohol-exposed primary human CD4+ T cells were examined. TCR stimulation of normal and alcohol-exposed cells led to discernible changes in promoter histone H3 lysine trimethylation, as documented by an increase in the levels of transcriptionally permissive histone 3 lysine 4 trimethylation and a concomitant decrease in the repressive histone 3 lysine 9 trimethylation. Moreover, acetylation of histone 3 lysine 9 (H3K9), a critical feature of the active promoter state that is opposed by histone 3 lysine 9 trimethylation, was significantly increased and was essentially mediated by the p300-histone acetyltransferase. Notably, the degree of these coordinated histone modifications and subsequent recruitment of transcription factors and RNA polymerase II were significantly enhanced in alcohol-exposed CD4+ T cells and were commensurate with the pathologic increase in the levels of FasL mRNA. The clinical relevance of these findings is further supported by CD4+ T cells obtained from individuals with a history of heavy alcohol consumption, which demonstrate significantly greater p300-dependent H3K9 acetylation and FasL expression. Overall, these data show that, in human CD4+ T cells, TCR stimulation induces a distinct promoter histone profile involving a coordinated cross-talk between histone 3 lysine 4 and H3K9 methylation and acetylation that dictates the transcriptional activation of FasL under physiologic, as well as pathologic, conditions of alcohol exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Smita S Ghare
- Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202; University of Louisville Alcohol Research Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202
| | - Swati Joshi-Barve
- Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202; University of Louisville Alcohol Research Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202; and
| | - Akshata Moghe
- University of Louisville Alcohol Research Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202; and
| | - Madhuvanti Patil
- University of Louisville Alcohol Research Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202; and
| | - David F Barker
- Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202; University of Louisville Alcohol Research Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202
| | - Leila Gobejishvili
- Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202; University of Louisville Alcohol Research Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202
| | - Guy N Brock
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202
| | - Matthew Cave
- Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202; University of Louisville Alcohol Research Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202; and
| | - Craig J McClain
- Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202; University of Louisville Alcohol Research Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202; and
| | - Shirish S Barve
- Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202; University of Louisville Alcohol Research Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202; and
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Nagai Y, Limberis MP, Zhang H. Modulation of Treg function improves adenovirus vector-mediated gene expression in the airway. Gene Ther 2014; 21:219-24. [PMID: 24385144 PMCID: PMC3946346 DOI: 10.1038/gt.2013.78] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2013] [Revised: 11/01/2013] [Accepted: 11/18/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Virus vector-mediated gene transfer has been developed as a treatment for cystic fibrosis (CF) airway disease, a lethal inherited disorder caused by somatic mutations in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator gene. The pathological proinflammatory environment of CF as well as the naïve and adaptive immunity induced by the virus vector itself limits the effectiveness of gene therapy for CF airway. Here, we report the use of an HDAC inhibitor, valproic acid (VPA), to enhance the activity of the regulatory T cells (T(reg)) and to improve the expression of virus vector-mediated gene transfer to the respiratory epithelium. Our study demonstrates the potential utility of VPA, a drug used for over 50 years in humans as an anticonvulsant and mood-stabilizer, in controlling inflammation and improving the efficacy of gene transfer in CF airway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Nagai
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - M P Limberis
- 1] Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA [2] Gene Therapy Program, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - H Zhang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Antibody-mediated rejection (AMR) is gaining increasing recognition as a critical causative factor contributing to graft loss in organ transplantation. However, current therapeutic options for prevention and treatment of AMR are very limited and ineffective. The impact of epigenetic modification in B-cell function and its involvement in AMR is still yet to be explored. METHODS The impacts of suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA), a histone deacetylase inhibitor, on isolated murine B-cell viability, proliferation, apoptosis, expression of surface marker, and secretion of immunoglobulin and interleukin-10 were investigated. In vivo, a murine cardiac transplant model was used to evaluate the effect of SAHA on splenic B-cell subsets and on AMR in Rag1(-/-) recipient mice after reconstitution of allostimulated B cells. RESULTS SAHA possesses capability to repress B-cell function. Specifically, SAHA is potent to decrease the viability of isolated B cells by inducing apoptosis. SAHA was also found capable of suppressing the expression of B-cell costimulatory molecules and, as a result, addition of SAHA into the cultures attenuated B-cell proliferation and immunoglobulin secretion. In line with these results, administration of SAHA significantly suppressed AMR in Rag1(-/-) recipient mice after reconstitution of allostimulated B cells along with enhanced cardiac allograft survival time. Mechanistic studies revealed that SAHA promotes B-cell secretion of interleukin-10. CONCLUSIONS Our data support that SAHA could be a promising immunosuppressive agent with potential beneficial effect on prevention and treatment of AMR.
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Sharma B, Sharma PM. Arsenic toxicity induced endothelial dysfunction and dementia: pharmacological interdiction by histone deacetylase and inducible nitric oxide synthase inhibitors. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2013; 273:180-8. [PMID: 23921152 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2013.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2013] [Revised: 07/18/2013] [Accepted: 07/19/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Arsenic toxicity has been reported to damage all the major organs including the brain and vasculature. Dementia including Alzheimer's disease (AD) and vascular dementia (VaD) are posing greater risk to the world population as it is now increasing at a faster rate. We have investigated the role of sodium butyrate, a selective histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor and aminoguanidine, a selective inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) inhibitor in pharmacological interdiction of arsenic toxicity induced vascular endothelial dysfunction and dementia in rats. Arsenic toxicity was done by administering arsenic drinking water to rats. Morris water-maze (MWM) test was used for assessment of learning and memory. Endothelial function was assessed using student physiograph. Oxidative stress (aortic superoxide anion, serum and brain thiobarbituric acid reactive species, brain glutathione) and nitric oxide levels (serum nitrite/nitrate) were also measured. Arsenic treated rats have shown impairment of endothelial function, learning and memory, reduction in serum nitrite/nitrate & brain GSH levels along with increase in serum & brain TBARS. Sodium butyrate as well as aminoguanidine significantly convalesce arsenic induced impairment of learning, memory, endothelial function, and alterations in various biochemical parameters. It may be concluded that arsenic induces endothelial dysfunction and dementia, whereas, sodium butyrate, a HDAC inhibitor as well as aminoguanidine, a selective iNOS inhibitor may be considered as potential agents for the management of arsenic induced endothelial dysfunction and dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhupesh Sharma
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Bharat Institute of Technology, Partapur Bypass, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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Effects of Trichostatin A in a Rat Model of Acute Graft-Versus-Host Disease After Liver Transplantation. Transplantation 2013; 96:25-33. [DOI: 10.1097/tp.0b013e318295c04d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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Tran L, Chaloner A, Sawalha AH, Greenwood Van-Meerveld B. Importance of epigenetic mechanisms in visceral pain induced by chronic water avoidance stress. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2013; 38:898-906. [PMID: 23084728 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2012.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2012] [Revised: 09/19/2012] [Accepted: 09/20/2012] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Epigenetic molecular mechanisms, which include DNA methylation and histone deacetylation, are implicated in the dysregulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. Previously, we demonstrated that repeated water avoidance stress (WAS), a validated model of chronic psychological stress, induces heightened visceral pain behaviors in rodents that resemble irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) sequelae. However, the involvement of epigenetic molecular mechanisms in the pathophysiology of stress-induced visceral pain has not been explored. Our hypothesis is that epigenetic mechanisms within the central nervous system (CNS) are important to chronic stress-induced visceral hypersensitivity. Adult male F-344 rats with intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) cannulae were exposed to 7 days of repeated WAS. Controls received a SHAM stress. Following the daily 1h stressor, trichostatin A (TSA; 100 ng/ml), a potent histone deacetylase inhibitor, or vehicle (VEH; 0.1% DMSO/saline,) as control was administered via the i.c.v. cannula. Visceral sensitivity was assessed 24h after the final WAS and quantified the visceromotor response (VMR) by recording the number of abdominal contractions in response to graded pressures (20-60 mmHg) of colorectal distensions (CRD). From a separate group of rats that were exposed to repeated WAS or SHAM stress, the amygdala was isolated to assess the methylation status of glucocorticoid receptor (GR) and corticotropin releasing-factor (CRF) genes via bisulfite sequencing and verified by pyrosequencing. GR and CRF gene expression was quantified via qRT-PCR. Stressed rats exhibited visceral hypersensitivity that was significantly attenuated by TSA. Compared to SHAM controls, methylation of the GR gene was increased following WAS while expression of the GR gene was decreased. Methylation of the CRF promoter was decreased with WAS with a concomitant increase in CRF expression. This study demonstrates the involvement of central epigenetic mechanisms in regulating stress-induced visceral hypersensitivity and provides a foundation for exploring the epigenetic mechanisms that may contribute to IBS-like symptomatology.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Tran
- Oklahoma Center for Neuroscience, University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
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Trichostatin A promotes the generation and suppressive functions of regulatory T cells. Clin Dev Immunol 2013; 2013:679804. [PMID: 23737814 PMCID: PMC3662173 DOI: 10.1155/2013/679804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2013] [Revised: 04/09/2013] [Accepted: 04/09/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Regulatory T cells are a specific subset of lymphocytes that suppress immune responses and play a crucial role in the maintenance of self-tolerance. They can be generated in the thymus as well as in the periphery through differentiation of naïve CD4+ T cells. The forkhead box P3 transcription factor (Foxp3) is a crucial molecule regulating the generation and function of Tregs. Here we show that the foxp3 gene promoter becomes hyperacetylated in in vitro differentiated Tregs compared to naïve CD4+ T cells. We also show that the histone deacetylase inhibitor TSA stimulated the in vitro differentiation of naïve CD4+ T cells into Tregs and that this induction was accompanied by a global increase in histone H3 acetylation. Importantly, we also demonstrated that Tregs generated in the presence of TSA have phenotypical and functional differences from the Tregs generated in the absence of TSA. Thus, TSA-generated Tregs showed increased suppressive activities, which could potentially be explained by a mechanism involving the ectonucleotidases CD39 and CD73. Our data show that TSA could potentially be used to enhance the differentiation and suppressive function of CD4+Foxp3+ Treg cells.
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Li CY, Peng J, Ren LP, Gan LX, Lu XJ, Liu Q, Gu W, Guo XJ. Roles of histone hypoacetylation in LAT expression on T cells and Th2 polarization in allergic asthma. J Transl Med 2013; 11:26. [PMID: 23360572 PMCID: PMC3598218 DOI: 10.1186/1479-5876-11-26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2012] [Accepted: 01/12/2013] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Linker for activation of T cells (LAT), a transmembrane adaptor protein, plays a role in T cell and mast cell function, while it remains unclear how histone modifications mediate LAT expression in allergic asthma. The present study aimed at understanding alterations of lymphocyte LAT in patients with asthma and potential mechanisms by which histone modulation may be involved in. METHOD The expression of LAT mRNA was checked by Quantitative real-time PCR and histone hypoacetylation on LAT promoter was detected by Chromatin Immunoprecipitation. RESULTS Our results demonstrated that the expression of LAT mRNA in peripheral blood T cells from patients with asthma decreased, as compared to healthy controls. Peripheral blood T cells were treated with pCMV-myc-LAT, pCMV-myc or LAT-siRNA plasmid. Over-expression of LAT mRNA and decrease of Th2 cytokine production were noted, which could be prevented by the inhibition of LAT. The further investigation of the role of histone was performed in an asthma model induced by allergen. Histone hypoacetylation on LAT promoter could inhibit LAT expression and enhanced Th2 differentiation, while trichostatin A, a histone deacetylase inhibitor, promoted LAT expression and inhibited Th2 cytokine production. CONCLUSION Our results indicate that histone hypoacetylation may regulate LAT expression on T cells and modify Th2 polarization in allergic asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-ye Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200092, Shanghai, China
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Suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid induces limited changes in the transcriptome of primary CD4(+) T cells. AIDS 2013; 27:29-37. [PMID: 23221426 DOI: 10.1097/qad.0b013e32835b3e26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the off-target effects of the histone deacetylase inhibitor (HDACi) suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA) in human primary CD4 T cells. DESIGN A pharmacologically relevant concentration (340 nmol/l) of SAHA was shown to significantly increase histone hyperacetylation by 24 h and this length of treatment was selected to determine its impact on gene expression in primary CD4 T cells. METHODS Illumina Beadchips for microarray gene expression analysis were used to analyze differential gene expression between cells treated or not with SAHA with a paired analysis using multivariate permutation tests. Gene ontology, biological pathway and protein interaction network analyses were used to identify the higher order biological processes affected by SAHA treatment. RESULTS Modest modulation by SAHA was observed for 1847 genes with 80% confidence level of no more than 10% false positives. A thousand genes were upregulated by SAHA and 847 downregulated. Pathways and gene ontologies overrepresented in the list of differentially expressed genes included Glycolysis/Gluconeogenesis, tRNA Modification, and the Histone Acetyltransferase Complex. Protein interaction network analysis revealed that transcription factor c-Myc, which was downregulated by SAHA treatment at the mRNA level, interacts with a number of SAHA-responsive genes. CONCLUSIONS The effects on transcription by SAHA were sufficiently modest to support trials to activate HIV replication as part of an eradication strategy. SAHA did not appear to modulate proliferative or apoptotic processes to a great extent, which might impact the ability of patients to eradicate the virus reservoir following activation by HDACi treatment.
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Buckingham L. A Look to the Future. Pharmacogenomics 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-391918-2.00014-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
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Baird AM, Leonard J, Naicker KM, Kilmartin L, O'Byrne KJ, Gray SG. IL-23 is pro-proliferative, epigenetically regulated and modulated by chemotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer. Lung Cancer 2012; 79:83-90. [PMID: 23116756 DOI: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2012.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2012] [Revised: 09/20/2012] [Accepted: 10/05/2012] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND IL-23 is a member of the IL-6 super-family and plays key roles in cancer. Very little is currently known about the role of IL-23 in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). METHODS RT-PCR and chromatin immunopreciptiation (ChIP) were used to examine the levels, epigenetic regulation and effects of various drugs (DNA methyltransferase inhibitors, Histone Deacetylase inhibitors and Gemcitabine) on IL-23 expression in NSCLC cells and macrophages. The effects of recombinant IL-23 protein on cellular proliferation were examined by MTT assay. Statistical analysis consisted of Student's t-test or one way analysis of variance (ANOVA) where groups in the experiment were three or more. RESULTS In a cohort of primary non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) tumours, IL-23A expression was significantly elevated in patient tumour samples (p < 0.05). IL-23A expression is epigenetically regulated through histone post-translational modifications and DNA CpG methylation. Gemcitabine, a chemotherapy drug indicated for first-line treatment of NSCLC also induced IL-23A expression. Recombinant IL-23 significantly increased cellular proliferation in NSCLC cell lines. CONCLUSIONS These results may therefore have important implications for treating NSCLC patients with either epigenetic targeted therapies or Gemcitabine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Marie Baird
- Thoracic Oncology Research Group, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
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Triozzi PL, Aldrich W, Achberger S, Ponnazhagan S, Alcazar O, Saunthararajah Y. Differential effects of low-dose decitabine on immune effector and suppressor responses in melanoma-bearing mice. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2012; 61:1441-50. [PMID: 22310929 PMCID: PMC11028937 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-012-1204-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2011] [Accepted: 01/12/2012] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Low doses of the demethylating agent decitabine have been shown to enhance the sensitivity of tumors to immune effector cells and molecules through upregulation of tumor antigen presentation and apoptotic pathways. Effects on host immune effector and suppressor responses have not been well characterized. METHODS Mice bearing B16 melanoma were treated with low-dose decitabine, cytokine, interleukin-2 (IL-2), toll-like receptor 9 agonist ODN1826, and/or a viral vectored vaccine targeting the melanoma antigen Trp2. Lymphoid and myeloid effector and suppressor cells were examined both systemically and intratumorally with functional, flow cytometric, and polymerase chain reaction-based assays. RESULTS Enhancement of tumor growth delay was observed when decitabine was applied sequentially but not concurrently with IL-2. In contrast, complete responses and prolonged survival were observed when decitabine was applied with ODN1826 as therapy and with ODN1826 as a Trp2 vaccine adjuvant. Decitabine decreased natural killer and antigen-specific cellular immune responses when administered concurrently with IL-2 and with ODN1826; the Th1-associated transcription factor Tbet also decreased. T regulatory cells were not affected. When applied concurrently with ODN1826, decitabine increased macrophage cytotoxicity, M1 polarization, and dendritic cell activation. Myeloid-derived suppressor cells were reduced. CONCLUSION Low-dose decitabine promotes both anti- and pro-tumor host immune responses to immunotherapeutics in melanoma-bearing mice. Macrophage effector and dendritic cell activation increase, and myeloid suppressor cells decrease. Lymphoid effector responses, however, can be inhibited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre L Triozzi
- Taussig Cancer Institute, R40, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA.
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Zhang X, Han S, Kang Y, Guo M, Hong S, Liu F, Fu S, Wang L, Wang QX. SAHA, an HDAC inhibitor, synergizes with tacrolimus to prevent murine cardiac allograft rejection. Cell Mol Immunol 2012; 9:390-8. [PMID: 22922441 DOI: 10.1038/cmi.2012.28] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA), as a histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor (HDACi), was recently found to exhibit an immunosuppressive effect. However, whether SAHA can synergize with calcineurin inhibitors (CNIs) to inhibit allograft rejection and its underlying mechanism remain elusive. In this study, we demonstrated the synergistic effects of SAHA and non-therapeutic dose of tacrolimus (FK506) in prolonging the allograft survival in a murine cardiac transplant model. Concomitant intragraft examination revealed that allografts from SAHA-treated recipients showed significantly lower levels of IL-17 expression, and no discernable difference for IL-17 expressions was detected between SAHA- and SAHA/FK506-treated allograft as compared with allografts from FK506-treated animals. In contrast, administration of FK506 significantly suppressed interferon (IFN)-γ but increased IL-10 expression as compared with that of SAHA-treated animals, and this effect was independent of SAHA. Interestingly, SAHA synergizes with FK506 to promote Foxp3 and CTLA4 expression. In vitro, SAHA reduced the proportion of Th17 cells in isolated CD4⁺ T-cell population and decreased expressions of IL-17A, IL-17F, STAT3 and RORγt in these cells. Moreover, SAHA enhances suppressive function of regulatory T (Treg) cells by upregulating the expression of CTLA-4 without affecting T effector cell proliferation, and increased the proportion of Treg by selectively promoting apoptosis of T effector cells. Therefore, SAHA, a HDACi, may be a promising immunosuppressive agent with potential benefit in conjunction with CNI drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhang
- Institute of Organ Transplantation, Changzheng Hospital, Shanghai, China
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Manova V, Singh SK, Iliakis G. Processing of DNA double strand breaks by alternative non-homologous end-joining in hyperacetylated chromatin. Genome Integr 2012; 3:4. [PMID: 22908892 PMCID: PMC3471266 DOI: 10.1186/2041-9414-3-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2012] [Accepted: 08/14/2012] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Mammalian cells employ at least two subpathways of non-homologous end-joining for the repair of ionizing radiation induced DNA double strand breaks: The canonical DNA-PK-dependent form of non-homologous end-joining (D-NHEJ) and an alternative, slowly operating, error-prone backup pathway (B-NHEJ). In contrast to D-NHEJ, which operates with similar efficiency throughout the cell cycle, B-NHEJ operates more efficiently in G2-phase. Notably, B-NHEJ also shows strong and as of yet unexplained dependency on growth activity and is markedly compromised in serum-deprived cells, or in cells that enter the plateau-phase of growth. The molecular mechanisms underpinning this response remain unknown. Since chromatin structure or changes in chromatin structure are prime candidate-B-NHEJ-modulators, we study here the role of chromatin hyperacetylation, either by HDAC2 knockdown or treatment with the HDAC inhibitor TSA, on the repair by B-NHEJ of IR-induced DSBs. Results siRNA-mediated knockdown of HDAC2 fails to provoke histone hyperacetylation in Lig4-/- MEFs and has no detectable effect on B-NHEJ function. Treatment with TSA that inhibits multiple HDACs causes efficient, reversible chromatin hyperacetylation in Lig4-/- MEFs, as well as in human HCT116 Lig4-/- cells and the human glioma cell line M059K. The IR yield of DSBs in TSA-treated cells remains similar to that of untreated cells despite the expected chromatin relaxation. In addition, chromatin hyperacetylation leaves unchanged repair of DSBs by B-NHEJ in irradiated exponentially growing, or plateau-phase cells. Notably, under the experimental conditions employed here, chromatin hyperacetylation fails to detectably modulate B-NHEJ in M059K cells as well. Conclusions In summary, the results show that chromatin acetylation or deacetylation does not affect the kinetics of alternative NHEJ in all types of cells examined both in exponentially growing and serum deprived cultures. We conclude that parameters beyond chromatin acetylation determine B-NHEJ efficiency in the plateau-phase of growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasilissa Manova
- Institute of Medical Radiation Biology, University of Duisburg-Essen Medical School, Hufelandstr, 55, 45122, Essen, Germany.
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