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Anokwah D, Asante-Kwatia E, Asante J, Obeng-Mensah D, Danquah CA, Amponsah IK, Ameyaw EO, Biney RP, Obese E, Oberer L, Amoako DG, Abia ALK, Mensah AY. Antibacterial, Resistance Modulation, Anti-Biofilm Formation, and Efflux Pump Inhibition Properties of Loeseneriella africana (Willd.) N. Halle (Celastraceae) Stem Extract and Its Constituents. Microorganisms 2023; 12:7. [PMID: 38276176 PMCID: PMC10819663 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12010007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the antibacterial, resistance modulation, biofilm inhibition, and efflux pump inhibition potentials of Loeseneriella africana stem extract and its constituents. The antimicrobial activity was investigated by the high-throughput spot culture growth inhibition (HT-SPOTi) and broth microdilution assays. The resistance modulation activity was investigated using the anti-biofilm formation and efflux pump inhibition assays. Purification of the extract was carried out by chromatographic methods, and the isolated compounds were characterized based on nuclear magnetic resonance, Fourier transform infrared and mass spectrometry spectral data and comparison with published literature. The whole extract, methanol, ethyl acetate, and pet-ether fractions of L. africana all showed antibacterial activity against the test bacteria with MICs ranging from 62.5 to 500.0 µg/mL The whole extract demonstrated resistance modulation effect through strong biofilm inhibition and efflux pump inhibition activities against S. aureus ATCC 25923, E. coli ATCC 25922 and P. aeruginosa ATCC 27853. Chromatographic fractionation of the ethyl acetate fraction resulted in the isolation of a triterpenoid (4S,4αS,6αR,6βS,8αS,12αS,12βR,14αS,14βR)-4,4α,6β,8α,11,11,12β,14α-Octamethyloctadecahydropicene-1,3(2H,4H)-dione) and a phytosterol (β-sitosterol). These compounds showed antibacterial activity against susceptible bacteria at a MIC range of 31-125 µg/mL and potentiated the antibacterial activity of amoxicillin (at ¼ MIC of compounds) against E. coli and P. aeruginosa with modulation factors of 32 and 10, respectively. These compounds also demonstrated good anti-biofilm formation effect at a concentration range of 3-100 µg/mL, and bacterial efflux pump inhibition activity at ½ MIC and ¼ MIC against E. coli and P. aeruginosa. Loeseneriella africana stem bark extracts and constituents elicit considerable antibacterial, resistance modulation, and biofilm and efflux pump inhibition activities. The results justify the indigenous uses of L. africana for managing microbial infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Anokwah
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health and Allied Sciences, University of Cape Coast, PMB, Cape Coast, Ghana; (J.A.); (D.O.-M.); (E.O.A.); (R.P.B.); (E.O.)
| | - Evelyn Asante-Kwatia
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, PMB, Kumasi, Ghana; (E.A.-K.); (I.K.A.); (A.Y.M.)
| | - Jonathan Asante
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health and Allied Sciences, University of Cape Coast, PMB, Cape Coast, Ghana; (J.A.); (D.O.-M.); (E.O.A.); (R.P.B.); (E.O.)
| | - Daniel Obeng-Mensah
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health and Allied Sciences, University of Cape Coast, PMB, Cape Coast, Ghana; (J.A.); (D.O.-M.); (E.O.A.); (R.P.B.); (E.O.)
| | - Cynthia Amaning Danquah
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, PMB, Kumasi, Ghana;
| | - Isaac Kingsley Amponsah
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, PMB, Kumasi, Ghana; (E.A.-K.); (I.K.A.); (A.Y.M.)
| | - Elvis Ofori Ameyaw
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health and Allied Sciences, University of Cape Coast, PMB, Cape Coast, Ghana; (J.A.); (D.O.-M.); (E.O.A.); (R.P.B.); (E.O.)
| | - Robert Peter Biney
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health and Allied Sciences, University of Cape Coast, PMB, Cape Coast, Ghana; (J.A.); (D.O.-M.); (E.O.A.); (R.P.B.); (E.O.)
| | - Ernest Obese
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health and Allied Sciences, University of Cape Coast, PMB, Cape Coast, Ghana; (J.A.); (D.O.-M.); (E.O.A.); (R.P.B.); (E.O.)
| | - Lukas Oberer
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland;
| | - Daniel Gyamfi Amoako
- Antimicrobial Research Unit, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4001, South Africa; (D.G.A.); (A.L.K.A.)
| | - Akebe Luther King Abia
- Antimicrobial Research Unit, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4001, South Africa; (D.G.A.); (A.L.K.A.)
- Environmental Research Foundation, Westville 3630, South Africa
| | - Abraham Yeboah Mensah
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, PMB, Kumasi, Ghana; (E.A.-K.); (I.K.A.); (A.Y.M.)
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Guefack MGF, Messina NDM, Mbaveng AT, Nayim P, Kuete JRN, Matieta VY, Chi GF, Ngadjui BT, Kuete V. Antibacterial and antibiotic-potentiation activities of the hydro-ethanolic extract and protoberberine alkaloids from the stem bark of Enantia chlorantha against multidrug-resistant bacteria expressing active efflux pumps. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 296:115518. [PMID: 35788039 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Enantia chlorantha is traditionally used to treat various ailments including rickettsia fever, cough and wounds, typhoid fever, infective hepatitis, jaundice, and urinary tract infections. AIM OF THE STUDY To isolate the antibacterial constituents of the hydro-ethanolic extract of the stem bark of E. chlorantha (ECB) and to evaluate the antibacterial and antibiotic-modifying activities of ECB and its constituents against the multidrug-resistant (MDR) phenotypes. MATERIALS AND METHODS Chromatographic methods were used to isolate the constituents of ECB and Spectroscopic methods were used to elucidate the chemical structures of the isolated compounds. The antibacterial activity of samples was determined by the broth microdilution method while spectrophotometric methods were used to evaluate the effects of ECB and its most active constituent on bacterial growth. Their effects on bacterial proton-ATPase pumps was assessed through the acidification of the bacterial culture medium. RESULTS Six protoberberine alkaloids were isolated and identified as columbamine (1), pseudocolumbamine (2), jathrorrhizine (3), palmitine (4), 4,13-dihydroxy-3,9,10-trimethoxyprotoberberine (5), and 13-hydroxy-2,3,9,10-tetramethoxyprotoberberine (6). The crude extract (ECB) inhibited the growth of all the tested MDR bacteria, with the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) values below 100 μg/mL obtained against Escherichia coli ATCC 10536, AG 102, Enterobacter aerogenes EA 27, Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC 11296 and KP 55, Providencia stuartii NEA 16, and Staphylococcus aureus MRSA3 and MRSA6. Compound 1 had the best antibacterial effects with MIC values ranging from 16 to 64 μg/mL. The efflux pump inhibitor (EPI), phenylalanine-arginine-β naphthylamide (PAβN) significantly improved the activity of compounds 1-6. Compounds 1-3 significantly potentiated the antibacterial activity of antibiotics such norfloxacin (NOR), ciprofloxacin (CIP), and doxycycline (DOX) against the tested MDR bacteria. CONCLUSION The crude extract (ECB) and its isolated compounds 1-6 are potential antibacterial products from Enantia chlorantha. They could be explored more to develop the antibacterial agents that could be used alone or in combination with antibiotics to overcome MDR phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michel-Gael F Guefack
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, P.O. Box 67, Dschang, Cameroon.
| | - Naomie D M Messina
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science University of Yaoundé 1, Yaoundé, Cameroon.
| | - Armelle T Mbaveng
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, P.O. Box 67, Dschang, Cameroon.
| | - Paul Nayim
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, P.O. Box 67, Dschang, Cameroon.
| | - Jenifer Reine N Kuete
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon.
| | - Valaire Y Matieta
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, P.O. Box 67, Dschang, Cameroon.
| | - Godloves F Chi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Buea, Buea, Cameroon.
| | - Bonaventure T Ngadjui
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science University of Yaoundé 1, Yaoundé, Cameroon.
| | - Victor Kuete
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, P.O. Box 67, Dschang, Cameroon.
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Suganya T, Packiavathy IASV, Aseervatham GSB, Carmona A, Rashmi V, Mariappan S, Devi NR, Ananth DA. Tackling Multiple-Drug-Resistant Bacteria With Conventional and Complex Phytochemicals. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:883839. [PMID: 35846771 PMCID: PMC9280687 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.883839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Emerging antibiotic resistance in bacteria endorses the failure of existing drugs with chronic illness, complicated treatment, and ever-increasing expenditures. Bacteria acquire the nature to adapt to starving conditions, abiotic stress, antibiotics, and our immune defense mechanism due to its swift evolution. The intense and inappropriate use of antibiotics has led to the development of multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains of bacteria. Phytochemicals can be used as an alternative for complementing antibiotics due to their variation in metabolic, genetic, and physiological fronts as well as the rapid evolution of resistant microbes and lack of tactile management. Several phytochemicals from diverse groups, including alkaloids, phenols, coumarins, and terpenes, have effectively proved their inhibitory potential against MDR pathogens through their counter-action towards bacterial membrane proteins, efflux pumps, biofilms, and bacterial cell-to-cell communications, which are important factors in promoting the emergence of drug resistance. Plant extracts consist of a complex assortment of phytochemical elements, against which the development of bacterial resistance is quite deliberate. This review emphasizes the antibiotic resistance mechanisms of bacteria, the reversal mechanism of antibiotic resistance by phytochemicals, the bioactive potential of phytochemicals against MDR, and the scientific evidence on molecular, biochemical, and clinical aspects to treat bacterial pathogenesis in humans. Moreover, clinical efficacy, trial, safety, toxicity, and affordability investigations, current status and developments, related demands, and future prospects are also highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thangaiyan Suganya
- Department of Microbiology, Karpagam Academy of Higher Education, Coimbatore, India
| | | | - G. Smilin Bell Aseervatham
- Post Graduate Research Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Holy Cross College (Autonomous), Tiruchirappalli, India
| | - Areanna Carmona
- Francis Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Science Center of El Paso, Texas, TX, United States
| | - Vijayaragavan Rashmi
- National Repository for Microalgae and Cyanobacteria (NRMC)- Marine, National Facility for Marine Cyanobacteria, (Sponsored by Department of Biotechnology (DBT), Government of India), Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, India
| | | | | | - Devanesan Arul Ananth
- Department of Biotechnology, Karpagam Academy of Higher Education, Coimbatore, India
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Chalcone Derivatives as Potential Inhibitors of P-Glycoprotein and NorA: An In Silico and In Vitro Study. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:9982453. [PMID: 35378788 PMCID: PMC8976639 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9982453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The human P-glycoprotein (P-gp) and the NorA transporter are the major culprits of multidrug resistance observed in various bacterial strains and cancer cell lines, by extruding drug molecules out of the targeted cells, leading to treatment failures in clinical settings. Inhibiting the activity of these efflux pumps has been a well-known strategy of drug design studies in this regard. In this manuscript, our earlier published machine learning models and homology structures of P-gp and NorA were utilized to screen a chemolibrary of 95 in-house chalcone derivatives, identifying two hit compounds, namely, F88 and F90, as potential modulators of both transporters, whose activity on Staphylococcus aureus strains overexpressing NorA and resistant to ciprofloxacin was subsequently confirmed. The findings of this study are expected to guide future research towards developing novel potent chalconic inhibitors of P-gp and/or NorA.
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Afonso AC, Sousa M, Simões LC, Simões M. Phytochemicals Against Drug-Resistant Bacterial Biofilms and Use of Green Extraction Solvents to Increase Their Bioactivity. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/5584_2022_723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Agreles MAA, Cavalcanti IDL, Cavalcanti IMF. The Role of Essential Oils in the Inhibition of Efflux Pumps and Reversion of Bacterial Resistance to Antimicrobials. Curr Microbiol 2021; 78:3609-3619. [PMID: 34432112 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-021-02635-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Due to the deaths from infections caused by multidrug-resistant microorganisms worldwide, the World Health Organization considers antibiotic resistance to be a critical global public health problem. Bacterial resistance mechanisms are diverse and can be acquired through the overexpression of transmembrane proteins that are called efflux pumps, which act by expelling drugs from the intracellular environment, thereby preventing their action and contributing to the severity of infections. Efflux pumps are one of the main mechanisms of bacterial resistance, and it is important to identify new molecules that are capable of inhibiting the action of efflux pumps and circumvent the problem of resistance linked to the expression of these transmembrane proteins. The plants are promising candidates for obtaining biologically active substances, such as essential oils, with antimicrobial activity and inhibitors of efflux pumps, which can help in the resensitization of bacterial strains resistant to antibiotics. Therefore, this review aims to present the recently reported inhibitory activity of essential oils against bacterial pathogens that produce efflux pumps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Anndressa Alves Agreles
- Laboratory of Immunopathology Keizo Asami (LIKA), Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, 1235, Cidade Universitária, Recife, Pernambuco, CEP: 50670-901, Brazil
| | - Iago Dillion Lima Cavalcanti
- Laboratory of Immunopathology Keizo Asami (LIKA), Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, 1235, Cidade Universitária, Recife, Pernambuco, CEP: 50670-901, Brazil
| | - Isabella Macário Ferro Cavalcanti
- Laboratory of Immunopathology Keizo Asami (LIKA), Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, 1235, Cidade Universitária, Recife, Pernambuco, CEP: 50670-901, Brazil.
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Immunology, Academic Center of Vitória (CAV), Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Rua do Alto do Reservatório s/n, Bela Vista, Vitória de Santo Antão, Pernambuco, CEP: 55608-680, Brazil.
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dos Santos JF, Macêdo NS, de Sousa Júnior DL, dos Santos CR, Tintino SR, da Hora GC, Lima MC, Coutinho HD, da Cunha FA. Indirect inhibitory activity of pyrogallol against the Tet(K) efflux pump by a membrane effect: In vitro and in silico approach. Process Biochem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2021.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Rattray RD, Van Wyk BE. The Botanical, Chemical and Ethnobotanical Diversity of Southern African Lamiaceae. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26123712. [PMID: 34207006 PMCID: PMC8233991 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26123712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The Lamiaceae is undoubtedly an important plant family, having a rich history of use that spans the globe with many species being used in folk medicine and modern industries alike. Their ability to produce aromatic volatile oils has made them valuable sources of materials in the cosmetic, culinary, and pharmaceutical industries. A thorough account of the taxonomic diversity, chemistry and ethnobotany is lacking for southern African Lamiaceae, which feature some of the region’s most notable medicinal and edible plant species. We provide a comprehensive insight into the Lamiaceae flora of southern Africa, comprising 297 species in 42 genera, 105 of which are endemic to the subcontinent. We further explore the medicinal and traditional uses, where all genera with documented uses are covered for the region. A broad review of the chemistry of southern African Lamiaceae is presented, noting that only 101 species (34%) have been investigated chemically (either their volatile oils or phytochemical characterization of secondary metabolites), thus presenting many and varied opportunities for further studies. The main aim of our study was therefore to present an up-to-date account of the botany, chemistry and traditional uses of the family in southern Africa, and to identify obvious knowledge gaps.
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Sadeer NB, Mahomoodally MF. Antibiotic Potentiation of Natural Products: A Promising Target to Fight Pathogenic Bacteria. Curr Drug Targets 2021; 22:555-572. [PMID: 32972338 DOI: 10.2174/1389450121666200924113740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Revised: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Pathogenic microorganisms should be considered as the number one foe of human, as witnessed by recent outbreaks of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) and with bacteria no longer sensitive to existing antibiotics. The resistance of pathogenic bacteria and deaths attributable to bacterial infections is increasing exponentially. Bacteria used different mechanisms to counterattack to existing antibiotics, namely (i) enzymatic inhibition, (ii) penicillin-binding protein modification, (iii) porin mutations, (iv) efflux pumps and (v) molecular modifications of antibiotic targets. Developing new antibiotics would be time-consuming to address such a situation, thus one of the promising approaches is by potentiating existing antibiotics. Plants used synergism to naturally defend and protect themselves from microbes. Using the same strategy, several studies have shown that the combinations of natural products and antibiotics could effectively prolong the lifespan of existing antibiotics and minimize the impact and emergence of antibiotic resistance. Combining essential oils constituents, namely uvaol, ferruginol, farnesol and carvacrol, with antibiotics, have proved to be efficient efflux pump inhibitors. Plant-derived compounds such as gallic acid and tannic acid are effective potentiators of various antibiotics, including novobiocin, chlorobiocin, coumermycin, fusidic acid, and rifampicin, resulting in a 4-fold increase in the potencies of these antibiotics. Several lines of research, as discussed in this review, have demonstrated the effectiveness of natural products in potentiating existing antibiotics. For this reason, the search for more efficient combinations should be an ongoing process with the aim to extend the life of the ones that we have and may preserve the life for the ones that are yet to come.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nabeelah Bibi Sadeer
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Mauritius, 230Reduit, Mauritius
| | - Mohamad Fawzi Mahomoodally
- Department for Management of Science and Technology Development, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.,Faculty of Applied Sciences, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
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Adeeyo AO, Edokpayi JN, Alabi MA, Msagati TAM, Odiyo JO. Plant active products and emerging interventions in water potabilisation: disinfection and multi-drug resistant pathogen treatment. CLINICAL PHYTOSCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1186/s40816-021-00258-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
This review aims at establishing the emerging applications of phytobiotics in water treatment and disinfection.
Results
Statistical analysis of data obtained revealed that the use of plant product in water treatment needs more research attention. A major observation is that plants possess multifaceted components and can be sustainably developed into products for water treatment. The seed (24.53%), flower (20.75), leaf (16.98%) and fruit (11.32%) biomasses are preferred against bulb (3.77%), resin (1.89%), bark (1.89%) and tuber (1.89%). The observation suggests that novel applications of plant in water treatment need further exploration since vast and broader antimicrobial activities (63.63%) is reported than water treatment application (36.37%).
Conclusions
This review has revealed the existing knowledge gaps in exploration of plant resources for water treatment and product development. Chemical complexity of some plant extracts, lack of standardisation, slow working rate, poor water solubility, extraction and purification complexities are limitations that need to be overcome for industrial adoption of phytochemicals in water treatment. The field of phytobiotics should engage modern methodologies such as proteomics, genomics, and metabolomics to minimise challenges confronting phytobiotic standardisation. The knowledge disseminated awaits novel application for plant product development in water treatment.
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Anokwah D, Asante-Kwatia E, Mensah AY, Danquah CA, Harley BK, Amponsah IK, Oberer L. Bioactive constituents with antibacterial, resistance modulation, anti-biofilm formation and efflux pump inhibition properties from Aidia genipiflora stem bark. CLINICAL PHYTOSCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1186/s40816-021-00266-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Antimicrobial resistance is a global health challenge. The involvement of bacterial biofilms and efflux pumps in the development of multidrug resistance (MDR) is well established. Medicinal plants have been proposed as alternatives for combating MDR focusing on their bioactive constituents with resistance modulatory activities. This study was aimed at investigating the stem bark of Aidia genipiflora for bioactive constituents with anti-biofilm, efflux pump inhibition and resistance modulatory activities.
Method
The crude methanol extract was purified by column chromatography and isolated compounds characterized by mass and nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry. Antibacterial activity was determined by the High-throughput spot culture growth inhibition and the broth micro-dilution assay. The ethidium bromide accumulation assay was used to determine efflux pump inhibition property. Biofilm inhibition was determined in a microplate crystal violet retention assay.
Results
Purification of the ethyl acetate fraction led to the isolation of oleanonic acid (1), 4-hydroxy cinnamic acid docosyl ester (2), β-stigmasterol/β-sitosterol (mixture 3a/b) and D-mannitol (4). The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) ranged from 250 to > 500 μg/mL for extracts and fractions and from 15 to 250 μg/mL for compounds. In the presence of sub-inhibitory concentrations of the compounds, the MIC of amoxicillin against E. coli (20 μg/mL) and P. aeruginosa (320 μg/mL) was reduced by 32 and 10 folds respectively. The whole extract demonstrated anti-biofilm formation and efflux pump inhibition in E. coli, S. aureus and P. aeruginosa. The sterol mixture (3a/b) at concentration of 100 μg/mL caused the highest inhibition (73%) of biofilm formation in S. aureus. Oleanonic acid (1) demonstrated remarkable efflux pump inhibition at MIC of 7.8 μg/mL in E. coli better than the standard drugs verapamil and chlorpromazine.
Conclusion
This study confirms the prospects of A. genipiflora as a source of new antibacterial agents and adjuvants that could interact with some resistance mechanisms in bacteria to enhance the activity of hitherto ineffective antibiotics. “A small portion of the study has been presented in a conference in the form of poster”.
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Santana Neto MC, Costa MLVDA, Fialho PHDS, Lopes GLN, Figueiredo KA, Pinheiro IM, de Lima SG, Nunes RDS, Quelemes PV, Carvalho ALM. Development of Chlorhexidine Digluconate and Lippia sidoides Essential Oil Loaded in Microemulsion for Disinfection of Dental Root Canals: Substantivity Profile and Antimicrobial Activity. AAPS PharmSciTech 2020; 21:302. [PMID: 33146782 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-020-01842-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The dental intracanal disinfection is crucial to achieve the success of endodontic treatment, avoiding the maintenance of endodontic infections. Chlorhexidine digluconate can act as an irrigating agent for it. However, it can cause tissue irritation in high concentrations. Therefore, combinations with other antimicrobial agents and more efficient therapeutic alternatives are studied, which make it possible to administer drugs more safely and with minimal adverse effects. Thus, the objective of this study was the development of a microemulsion containing chlorhexidine digluconate and essential oil of Lippia sidoides to be used for disinfection of dental root canals and to evaluate its profile of substantivity and antimicrobial activity. The microemulsions were obtained through phase diagrams, using the spontaneous formation method. We completed a physical-chemical characterization and evaluate the stability of the microemulsions, in addition to the substantivity profile in a bovine root dentin model, and in vitro antibacterial effect on Enterococcus faecalis. A method for quantifying chlorhexidine was developed using UV-Vis spectroscopy. The microemulsions showed acid pH, conductivity above 1.3 μScm-1, and dispersion index similar to water. The microemulsions showed antimicrobial inhibition halos similar to the commercial gel conventionally used, but with four times more substantivity to dentinal tissues. Microemulsions were obtained as a therapeutic alternative to formulations available on the market, presenting themselves as a system with great potential for the administration of drugs for disinfection of root canals.
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Sateriale D, Facchiano S, Colicchio R, Pagliuca C, Varricchio E, Paolucci M, Volpe MG, Salvatore P, Pagliarulo C. In vitro Synergy of Polyphenolic Extracts From Honey, Myrtle and Pomegranate Against Oral Pathogens, S. mutans and R. dentocariosa. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:1465. [PMID: 32849317 PMCID: PMC7396681 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.01465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The increasing incidence rate of oral diseases, the wide spread of antimicrobial resistance, and the adverse effects of conventional antibiotics mean alternative prevention and treatment options are needed to counteract oral pathogens. In this regard, our study aims to evaluate the antibacterial activity of polyphenolic extracts prepared from acacia honey, myrtle leaves, and pomegranate peel against cariogenic bacteria, such as Streptococcus mutans and Rothia dentocariosa. The chemical-physical parameters of acacia honey and the RP-HPLC polyphenolic profile of pomegranate peel extract have been previously described in our studies, while the characterization of myrtle extract, performed by HPLC analysis, is reported here. All the extracts were used singly and in binary combinations to highlight any synergistic effects. Moreover, the extracts were tested in association with amoxicillin to evaluate their ability to reduce the effective dose of this drug in vitro. The values of minimal inhibitory concentrations and minimal bactericidal concentrations have been used to quantitatively measure the antibacterial activity of the single extracts, while the fractional inhibitory concentration index has been considered as predictor of in vitro anticariogenic synergistic effects. Finally, a time-kill curve method allowed for the evaluation of the bactericidal efficacy of the combined extracts. The microbiological tests suggest that acacia honey, myrtle, and pomegranate extracts are able to inhibit the cariogenic bacteria, also with synergistic effects. This study provides useful and encouraging results for the use of natural extract combinations alone or in association with antibiotics (adjuvant therapy) as a valid alternative for the prevention and treatment of oral infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Sateriale
- Department of Science and Technology, University of Sannio, Benevento, Italy
| | - Serena Facchiano
- Department of Science and Technology, University of Sannio, Benevento, Italy
| | - Roberta Colicchio
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Chiara Pagliuca
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Ettore Varricchio
- Department of Science and Technology, University of Sannio, Benevento, Italy
| | - Marina Paolucci
- Department of Science and Technology, University of Sannio, Benevento, Italy
| | | | - Paola Salvatore
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
- CEINGE, Advanced Biotechnologies s.c.ar.l., Naples, Italy
| | - Caterina Pagliarulo
- Department of Science and Technology, University of Sannio, Benevento, Italy
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Vasconcelos NG, Mallmann V, Costa ÉR, Simionatto E, Coutinho EJ, De Lara Da Silva RC, Ribeiro SM, Franco OL, Migliolo L, Croda J, Simionatto S. Antibacterial activity and synergism of the essential oil of Nectandra megapotamica (L.) flowers against OXA-23-producing Acinetobacter baumannii. JOURNAL OF ESSENTIAL OIL RESEARCH 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/10412905.2020.1740802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie Gaebler Vasconcelos
- Laboratório de Pesquisa Em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados – UFGD, Dourados, Brazil
- Hospital Universitário de Dourados, Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados - UFGD, Dourados, Brazil
| | - Viviane Mallmann
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Recursos Naturais, Universidade Estadual de Mato Grosso Do Sul - UEMS, Naviraí, Brazil
| | - Érica Rodrigues Costa
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Recursos Naturais, Universidade Estadual de Mato Grosso Do Sul - UEMS, Naviraí, Brazil
| | - Euclésio Simionatto
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Recursos Naturais, Universidade Estadual de Mato Grosso Do Sul - UEMS, Naviraí, Brazil
| | - Eduardo João Coutinho
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Recursos Naturais, Universidade Estadual de Mato Grosso Do Sul - UEMS, Naviraí, Brazil
| | | | - Suzana Meira Ribeiro
- Laboratório de Pesquisa Em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados – UFGD, Dourados, Brazil
- Universidade Católica Dom Bosco – UCDB, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso Do Sul, Brazil
| | - Octávio Luiz Franco
- Centro de Análises Proteômicas e Bioquímicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília, Brasília, Brazil
- S-inova Biotech, Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Dom Bosco – UCDB, Campo Grande, Brazil
| | - Ludovico Migliolo
- Universidade Católica Dom Bosco – UCDB, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso Do Sul, Brazil
| | - Júlio Croda
- Laboratório de Pesquisa Em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados – UFGD, Dourados, Brazil
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rua Gabriel Abrão, Campo Grande, Brazil
- Universidade Federal do Mato Grosso do Sul - UFMS, Campo Grande, Brazil
| | - Simone Simionatto
- Laboratório de Pesquisa Em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados – UFGD, Dourados, Brazil
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Chambers CS, Viktorová J, Řehořová K, Biedermann D, Turková L, Macek T, Křen V, Valentová K. Defying Multidrug Resistance! Modulation of Related Transporters by Flavonoids and Flavonolignans. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2020; 68:1763-1779. [PMID: 30907588 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b00694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Multidrug resistance (MDR) is a major challenge for the 21th century in both cancer chemotherapy and antibiotic treatment of bacterial infections. Efflux pumps and transport proteins play an important role in MDR. Compounds displaying inhibitory activity toward these proteins are prospective for adjuvant treatment of such conditions. Natural low-cost and nontoxic flavonoids, thanks to their vast structural diversity, offer a great pool of lead structures with broad possibility of chemical derivatizations. Various flavonoids were found to reverse both antineoplastic and bacterial multidrug resistance by inhibiting Adenosine triphosphate Binding Cassette (ABC)-transporters (human P-glycoprotein, multidrug resistance-associated protein MRP-1, breast cancer resistance protein, and bacterial ABC transporters), as well as other bacterial drug efflux pumps: major facilitator superfamily (MFS), multidrug and toxic compound extrusion (MATE), small multidrug resistance (SMR) and resistance-nodulation-cell-division (RND) transporters, and glucose transporters. Flavonoids and particularly flavonolignans are therefore highly prospective compounds for defying multidrug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher S Chambers
- Laboratory of Biotransformation , Institute of Microbiology, Czech Academy of Sciences , Vídeňská 1083 , CZ 142 20 Prague , Czech Republic
| | - Jitka Viktorová
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology , University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague , Technická 5 , CZ 166 28 , Prague , Czech Republic
| | - Kateřina Řehořová
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology , University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague , Technická 5 , CZ 166 28 , Prague , Czech Republic
| | - David Biedermann
- Laboratory of Biotransformation , Institute of Microbiology, Czech Academy of Sciences , Vídeňská 1083 , CZ 142 20 Prague , Czech Republic
| | - Lucie Turková
- Laboratory of Biotransformation , Institute of Microbiology, Czech Academy of Sciences , Vídeňská 1083 , CZ 142 20 Prague , Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Macek
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology , University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague , Technická 5 , CZ 166 28 , Prague , Czech Republic
| | - Vladimír Křen
- Laboratory of Biotransformation , Institute of Microbiology, Czech Academy of Sciences , Vídeňská 1083 , CZ 142 20 Prague , Czech Republic
| | - Kateřina Valentová
- Laboratory of Biotransformation , Institute of Microbiology, Czech Academy of Sciences , Vídeňská 1083 , CZ 142 20 Prague , Czech Republic
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Dubreuil JD. Fruit extracts to control pathogenic Escherichia coli: A sweet solution. Heliyon 2020; 6:e03410. [PMID: 32099927 PMCID: PMC7031306 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e03410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Revised: 11/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Escherichia coli is a major cause of diarrhea and is as well responsible for extraintestinal infections in humans and animals. Many pathotypes have been defined for this ubiquitous microorganism on the basis of the virulence attributes. For the last 70 years, antibiotics have been used to control infections caused by E. coli. However, with the resistance observed with many strains these drugs are less recommended. Plant extracts, in particular fruit, represent a source of bioactive compounds that could be beneficial in the control of infectious diseases caused by E. coli. These could have bacteriostatic or bactericidal potential or could be used as synergic agents to amplify the activity of antibiotics for which the germs present some level of resistance. Certain studies also revealed that fruit extracts could act directly on virulence characters to attenuate the pathogenic capacity of microorganisms. This review intent to expose the scant but rapidly growing information available that shows that fruit, used as crude extracts or purified molecules, should be considered to manage diverse types of infections caused by E. coli.
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17
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Plant-derived secondary metabolites as the main source of efflux pump inhibitors and methods for identification. J Pharm Anal 2019; 10:277-290. [PMID: 32923005 PMCID: PMC7474127 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpha.2019.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Revised: 10/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The upsurge of multiple drug resistance (MDR) bacteria substantially diminishes the effectiveness of antibiotic arsenal and therefore intensifies the rate of therapeutic failure. The major factor in MDR is efflux pump-mediated resistance. A unique pump can make bacteria withstand a wide range of structurally diverse compounds. Therefore, their inhibition is a promising route to eliminate resistance phenomenon in bacteria. Phytochemicals are excellent alternatives as resistance-modifying agents. They can directly kill bacteria or interact with the crucial events of pathogenicity, thereby decreasing the ability of bacteria to develop resistance. Numerous botanicals display noteworthy efflux pumps inhibitory activities. Edible plants are of growing interest. Likewise, some plant families would be excellent sources of efflux pump inhibitors (EPIs) including Apocynaceae, Berberidaceae, Convolvulaceae, Cucurbitaceae, Fabaceae, Lamiaceae, and Zingiberaceae. Easily applicable methods for screening plant-derived EPIs include checkerboard synergy test, berberine uptake assay and ethidium bromide test. In silico high-throughput virtual detection can be evaluated as a criterion of excluding compounds with efflux substrate-like characteristics, thereby improving the selection process and extending the identification of EPIs. To ascertain the efflux activity inhibition, real-time PCR and quantitative mass spectrometry can be applied. This review emphasizes on efflux pumps and their roles in transmitting bacterial resistance and an update plant-derived EPIs and strategies for identification. Active efflux as the main resistance strategy in bacteria. Phytochemicals as promising alternatives against efflux pumps-mediated MDR. Herbals-based efflux pump inhibitors screening, the methods.
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Tan YP, Xue Y, Savchenko AI, Houston SD, Modhiran N, McMillan CLD, Boyle GM, Bernhardt PV, Young PR, Watterson D, Williams CM. Basimarols A, B, and C, Highly Oxygenated Pimarane Diterpenoids from Basilicum polystachyon. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2019; 82:2828-2834. [PMID: 31553187 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.9b00522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The highly oxygenated pimarane diterpenoids basimarols A, B, and C (3-5) were isolated from the plant species Basilicum polystachyon, which was collected within the Australian arid zone. Structure elucidation was performed using a suite of spectroscopic techniques, including X-ray crystallography. Anticancer and anti-DENV activity of 3-5 was explored, but only limited activity was observed. More extensive antiviral evaluation of stachyonic acid A (1), which was also isolated from B. polystachyon, revealed broad spectrum antiviral activity against West Nile virus (Kunjin strain, WNVKun) and human influenza viruses H1N1 and H3N2.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yongbo Xue
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen) , Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou , 510275 , People's Republic of China
| | | | | | | | | | - Glen M Boyle
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute , PO Royal Brisbane Hospital, Brisbane , 4029 , Queensland , Australia
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19
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Fouad EA, Abu Elnaga ASM, Kandil MM. Antibacterial efficacy of Moringa oleifera leaf extract against pyogenic bacteria isolated from a dromedary camel ( Camelus dromedarius) abscess. Vet World 2019; 12:802-808. [PMID: 31439997 PMCID: PMC6661477 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2019.802-808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2018] [Accepted: 04/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Abscess in camel is one of the most important bacterial infections. It causes anemia and emaciation, resulting in an economic loss due to carcass condemnation and a decrease in reproductive and production efficiency. Aim: This investigation aimed to isolate the bacteria from abscesses in camels and evaluate the antibacterial activity of Moringa oleifera extracts. Materials and Methods: Disk diffusion method and minimum inhibitory concentration were used for the evaluation of the antibacterial activity of M. oleifera extracts against isolated bacteria from camel abscesses. Results: The isolated bacteria were displayed relatively as follows: Corynebacteriumpseudotuberculosis (30.4%), Staphylococcus aureus (25.8%), Escherichiacoli (17.8%), Corynebacteriumulcerans (10.5%), Klebsiellapneumoniae (8.5%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (8.5%), Micrococcus spp. (6.7%), Proteus vulgaris (5.2%), Citrobacter spp. (4.2%), and Staphylococcus epidermidis (1.7%). The drugs of choice for Corynebacterium isolates were ciprofloxacin and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, whereas amikacin, ciprofloxacin, gentamicin, neomycin, novobiocin, streptomycin, and vancomycin were for Staphylococcus isolates. Moreover, the ethanol extracts of M. oleifera showed higher antibacterial efficacy than the cold aqueous extracts. Conclusion: M. oleifera is considered one of the new infection-fighting strategies in controlling pyogenic bacteria responsible for camel abscesses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ehab Ali Fouad
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, National Research Centre, Egypt
| | | | - Mai M Kandil
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, National Research Centre, Egypt
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Terpene Derivatives as a Potential Agent against Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) Pathogens. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24142631. [PMID: 31330955 PMCID: PMC6680751 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24142631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 172] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Revised: 05/29/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The evolution of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in pathogens has prompted extensive research to find alternative therapeutics. Plants rich with natural secondary metabolites are one of the go-to reservoirs for discovery of potential resources to alleviate this problem. Terpenes and their derivatives comprising of hydrocarbons, are usually found in essential oils (EOs). They have been reported to have potent antimicrobial activity, exhibiting bacteriostatic and bactericidal effects against tested pathogens. This brief review discusses the activity of terpenes and derivatives against pathogenic bacteria, describing the potential of the activity against AMR followed by the possible mechanism exerted by each terpene class. Finally, ongoing research and possible improvisation to the usage of terpenes and terpenoids in therapeutic practice against AMR are discussed.
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21
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Teixeira N, Melo JC, Batista LF, Paula-Souza J, Fronza P, Brandão MG. Edible fruits from Brazilian biodiversity: A review on their sensorial characteristics versus bioactivity as tool to select research. Food Res Int 2019; 119:325-348. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2019.01.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2018] [Revised: 01/21/2019] [Accepted: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Tan YP, Houston SD, Modhiran N, Savchenko AI, Boyle GM, Young PR, Watterson D, Williams CM. Stachyonic Acid: A Dengue Virus Inhibitor from Basilicum polystachyon. Chemistry 2019; 25:5664-5667. [PMID: 30924209 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201900591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Stachyonic acid A, arising from the first in-depth phytochemical investigation of the herb Basilicum polystachyon, was found to display potent inhibitory activity against dengue virus, with limited cytotoxicity. Andrographolide, a known dengue virus inhibitor and closely related labdane-type diterpene, is structurally more complex but displayed poor antiviral activity in the PRNT assay, and increased cytotoxicity in comparison. Furthermore, a Diels-Alder reaction with PTAD identified the active pharmacophore of stachyonic acid to be the conjugated diene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuen P Tan
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, 4072, Queensland, Australia
| | - Sevan D Houston
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, 4072, Queensland, Australia
| | - Naphak Modhiran
- Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre, School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, 4072, Queensland, Australia
| | - Andrei I Savchenko
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, 4072, Queensland, Australia
| | - Glen M Boyle
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, PO Royal Brisbane Hospital, Brisbane, 4029, Queensland, Australia
| | - Paul R Young
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, 4072, Queensland, Australia.,Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre, School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, 4072, Queensland, Australia
| | - Daniel Watterson
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, 4072, Queensland, Australia.,Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre, School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, 4072, Queensland, Australia
| | - Craig M Williams
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, 4072, Queensland, Australia
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Antistaphylococcal and Antibiotic Resistance Modulatory Activities of Thirteen Cameroonian Edible Plants against Resistant Phenotypes. Int J Microbiol 2018; 2018:1920198. [PMID: 30057614 PMCID: PMC6051259 DOI: 10.1155/2018/1920198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2018] [Accepted: 06/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In this study, 18 methanol extracts from Cameroonian edible plants were tested for their antibacterial activities against 26 strains of S. aureus; the role of efflux pumps in the resistance of tested bacteria and the antibiotic resistance-modulating activities against selected multidrug-resistant (MDR) phenotypes were also investigated. Methods Broth microdilution assay was used to evaluate the antibacterial activity, the role of efflux pumps, and the antibiotic resistance-modulating effects of plant extracts. Results Extracts from Dacryodes edulis seeds (DES) and Dacryodes edulis bark (DEB) were active against all 26 tested bacterial strains, within the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) range of 256–1024 µg/mL. MIC values varied from 64 to 1024 µg/mL against 96.2% of the 26 tested bacteria for Phaseolus vulgaris leaves (PVL), 92.3% for Azadirachta indica bark (AIB), Dacryodes edulis leaves (DEL), and Ricinodendron heudelotii leaves (RHL). The lowest MIC value of 64 µg/mL was obtained with the extract from Cucurbita maxima beans (CMB) against MRSA4 strain and from Uapaca guineensis bark (UGB) against MRSA9 strain. Bacterial efflux pump inhibitor (EPI), carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenyl hydrazone (CCCP), improved the activity of DES and UGB as well as that of extracts from Hibiscus esculentus leaves (HEL) and Uapaca guineensis leaves (UGL) against resistant S. aureus strains. Antibiotic-modulating effects against more than 70% of the S. aureus strains tested were obtained when RHL (at MIC/2) was combined with CIP, ERY, and KAN (88.89%), CHL (88.89%), TET (77.78%), and STR (88.89%). Conclusion The present study demonstrated that the 13 tested plants had antistaphylococcal effects and that DES, HEL, UGL, and UGB could be used in combination with EPI to combat resistance to Staphylococcus aureus. Also, it demonstrated that some studied extracts and mostly RHL could be used as antibiotic resistance modulators to fight against resistant strains of S. aureus.
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Syzygium jambos Displayed Antibacterial and Antibiotic-Modulating Activities against Resistant Phenotypes. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2018; 2018:5124735. [PMID: 29707033 PMCID: PMC5863293 DOI: 10.1155/2018/5124735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2017] [Accepted: 01/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The present study was designed to evaluate the antibacterial activities of methanol extracts of bark and leaves of Syzygium jambos, as well as their synergistic effects with selected antibiotics against drug-resistant Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The crude extracts were subjected to qualitative phytochemical screening; broth microdilution method was used for antibacterial assays. Phytochemical studies indicate that leaves and bark extracts contained polyphenols, anthraquinones, tannins, and steroids. Extract of the leaves was active against all the 26 strains of Staphylococcus aureus and all the 21 strains of Gram-negative bacteria tested, within the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) range of 32–512 μg/mL. The lowest MIC value of 32 μg/mL was obtained with extract of the leaves against Staphylococcus aureus MRSA9 strain. In Gram-negative bacteria, the lowest MIC value of 64 μg/mL was also obtained against Enterobacter aerogenes EA294 and Klebsiella pneumoniae K24 strains. Against S. aureus strains, antibiotic-modulating activity of extracts at MIC/2 towards more than 70% of the tested strains was obtained when leaves and bark extracts were tested in association with chloramphenicol (CHL). This was also the case when leaves extract was combined with CHL, kanamycin (KAN), tetracycline (TET), and erythromycin (ERY) and when bark extract was combined with ciprofloxacin (CIP), TET, and ERY against Gram-negative bacteria. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that Syzygium jambos has antibacterial and antibiotic-modulating activities.
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Antibacterial and Antibiotic-Modifying Activity of Methanol Extracts from Six Cameroonian Food Plants against Multidrug-Resistant Enteric Bacteria. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 2017:1583510. [PMID: 28904944 PMCID: PMC5585599 DOI: 10.1155/2017/1583510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2017] [Revised: 05/30/2017] [Accepted: 07/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The present work was designed to investigate the antibacterial activities of methanol extracts from six Cameroonian edible plants and their synergistic effects with some commonly used antibiotics against multidrug-resistant (MDR) Gram-negative bacteria expressing active efflux pumps. The extracts were subjected to qualitative phytochemical screening and the microdilution broth method was used for antibacterial assays. The results of phytochemical tests indicate that all tested crude extracts contained polyphenols, flavonoids, triterpenes, and steroids. Extracts displayed selective antibacterial activities with the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) values ranging from 32 to 1024 μg/mL. The lowest MIC value (32 μg/mL) was recorded with Coula edulis extract against E. coli AG102 and K. pneumoniae K2 and with Mangifera indica bark extract against P. aeruginosa PA01 and Citrus sinensis extract against E. coli W3110 which also displayed the best MBC (256 μg/mL) value against E. coli ATCC8739. In combination with antibiotics, extracts from M. indica leaves showed synergistic effects with 75% (6/8) of the tested antibiotics against more than 80% of the tested bacteria. The findings of the present work indicate that the tested plants may be used alone or in combination in the treatment of bacterial infections including the multidrug-resistant bacteria.
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Barbieri R, Coppo E, Marchese A, Daglia M, Sobarzo-Sánchez E, Nabavi SF, Nabavi SM. Phytochemicals for human disease: An update on plant-derived compounds antibacterial activity. Microbiol Res 2016; 196:44-68. [PMID: 28164790 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2016.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 302] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2016] [Revised: 12/09/2016] [Accepted: 12/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, many studies have shown that phytochemicals exert their antibacterial activity through different mechanisms of action, such as damage to the bacterial membrane and suppression of virulence factors, including inhibition of the activity of enzymes and toxins, and bacterial biofilm formation. In this review, we summarise data from the available literature regarding the antibacterial effects of the main phytochemicals belonging to different chemical classes, alkaloids, sulfur-containing phytochemicals, terpenoids, and polyphenols. Some phytochemicals, besides having direct antimicrobial activity, showed an in vitro synergistic effect when tested in combination with conventional antibiotics, modifying antibiotic resistance. Review of the literature showed that phytochemicals represent a possible source of effective, cheap and safe antimicrobial agents, though much work must still be carried out, especially in in vivo conditions to ensure the selection of effective antimicrobial substances with low side and adverse effects.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Erika Coppo
- Sezione di Microbiologia DISC University of Genoa, Italy
| | - Anna Marchese
- Sezione di Microbiologia DISC-IRCCS San Martino-IST University of Genoa, Italy.
| | - Maria Daglia
- Department of Drug Sciences, Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Technology Section, University of Pavia, Italy
| | - Eduardo Sobarzo-Sánchez
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Spain; Dirección de Investigación, Universidad Central de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Seyed Fazel Nabavi
- Applied Biotechnology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Mohammad Nabavi
- Applied Biotechnology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Dzotam JK, Touani FK, Kuete V. Antibacterial activities of the methanol extracts of Canarium schweinfurthii and four other Cameroonian dietary plants against multi-drug resistant Gram-negative bacteria. Saudi J Biol Sci 2016; 23:565-70. [PMID: 27579004 PMCID: PMC4992100 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2015.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2015] [Revised: 06/04/2015] [Accepted: 06/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacterial infections are among the major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The present study was designed to evaluate the in vitro antibacterial activities of the methanol extracts of five Cameroonian edible plants namely Colocasia esculenta, Triumfetta pentandra, Hibiscus esculentus, Canarium schweinfurthii and Annona muricata against a panel of 19 multidrug resistant Gram-negative bacterial strains. The liquid broth microdilution was used to determine the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC) of the extracts. The preliminary phytochemical screening of the extracts was conducted according to the standard phytochemical methods. Results showed that all extracts contained compounds belonging to the classes of polyphenols, triterpenes and steroids, other classes of chemicals being selectively distributed. Canarium schweinfurthii extract showed the best activity with MIC values ranging from 64 to 1024 μg/mL against 89.5% of the 19 tested bacteria strains. MIC values below or equal to 1024 μg/mL were also recorded with Triumfetta pentandra, Annona muricata, Colocasia esculenta and Hibiscus esculentus extracts respectively against 15/19 (78.9%), 11/19 (57.9%), 10/19 (52.6%) and 10/19 (52.6%) tested bacteria. Extract from C. schweinfurthii displayed the lowest MIC value (64 μg/mL) against Escherichia coli AG100ATet. Finally, the results of this work provide baseline information for the use of C. esculenta, T. pentandra, H. esculentus, C. schweinfurthii and A. muricata in the treatment of bacterial infections including multidrug resistant phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Victor Kuete
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, Cameroon
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Pereira C, Barros L, José Alves M, Santos-Buelga C, Ferreira ICFR. Artichoke and milk thistle pills and syrups as sources of phenolic compounds with antimicrobial activity. Food Funct 2016; 7:3083-90. [PMID: 27273551 DOI: 10.1039/c6fo00512h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Dietary supplements based on hepatoprotective plants have been increasingly used in the prevention of liver injuries. In the present work, the aim was to study the phenolic profile and possibly relate it to the in vitro antimicrobial activity of two different formulations (pills and syrups) of artichoke and milk thistle, the antioxidant and anti-hepatocellular carcinoma activities of which were previously reported by our research group. The phenolic profiles were obtained by HPLC-DAD-ESI/MS, and the antimicrobial activity evaluation was performed with the clinical isolates of multiresistant bacteria (Escherichia coli, extended spectrum β-lactamases (ESBL) producing Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa). Artichoke syrup revealed the presence of vanillic acid and luteolin-7-O-glucoside while the pills possessed higher concentrations of 4-O-caffeoylquinic, 5-O-caffeoylquinic and 1,3-O-dicaffeoylquinic acids, this latest being able to inhibit the growth of MRSA. Regarding milk thistle formulations, the syrup presented isorhamnetin-O-deoxyhexoside-O-dihexoside, isorhamnetin-O-deoxyhexoside-O-hexoside and isorhamnetin-3-O-rutinoside as the major phenolic constituents whereas the pills were richer in taxifolin, silymarin derivatives and hydroxylated silibinin; the syrup revealed antimicrobial activity against all the studied bacteria with the exception of Proteus mirabilis whereas the pills revealed activity against ESBL producing Escherichia coli. Overall, all of the studied formulations revealed to be a good source of phenolic compounds, among which milk thistle syrup presented the highest variety and concentration of flavonoids, which is possibly related to its strongest antimicrobial activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Pereira
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), ESA, Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, apartado 1172, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal.
| | - Lillian Barros
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), ESA, Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, apartado 1172, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal. and Laboratory of Separation and Reaction Engineering - Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials (LSRE-LCM), Polytechnic Institute of Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 1134, 5301-857 Bragança, Portugal.
| | - Maria José Alves
- Escola Superior de Saúde, Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Av. D. Afonso V, 5300-121 Bragança, Portugal
| | - Celestino Santos-Buelga
- GIP-USAL, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Salamanca, Campus Miguel de Unamuno, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Isabel C F R Ferreira
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), ESA, Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, apartado 1172, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal.
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Borges A, Abreu AC, Dias C, Saavedra MJ, Borges F, Simões M. New Perspectives on the Use of Phytochemicals as an Emergent Strategy to Control Bacterial Infections Including Biofilms. Molecules 2016; 21:molecules21070877. [PMID: 27399652 PMCID: PMC6274140 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21070877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2016] [Revised: 06/28/2016] [Accepted: 06/29/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The majority of current infectious diseases are almost untreatable by conventional antibiotic therapy given the advent of multidrug-resistant bacteria. The degree of severity and the persistence of infections are worsened when microorganisms form biofilms. Therefore, efforts are being applied to develop new drugs not as vulnerable as the current ones to bacterial resistance mechanisms, and also able to target bacteria in biofilms. Natural products, especially those obtained from plants, have proven to be outstanding compounds with unique properties, making them perfect candidates for these much-needed therapeutics. This review presents the current knowledge on the potentialities of plant products as antibiotic adjuvants to restore the therapeutic activity of drugs. Further, the difficulties associated with the use of the existing antibiotics in the treatment of biofilm-related infections are described. To counteract the biofilm resistance problems, innovative strategies are suggested based on literature data. Among the proposed strategies, the use of phytochemicals to inhibit or eradicate biofilms is highlighted. An overview on the use of phytochemicals to interfere with bacterial quorum sensing (QS) signaling pathways and underlying phenotypes is provided. The use of phytochemicals as chelating agents and efflux pump inhibitors is also reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anabela Borges
- LEPABE, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, s/n, Porto 4200-465, Portugal.
- CIQUP, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, s/n, Porto 4169-007, Portugal.
- CECAV-Veterinary and Animal Science Research Center, Department of Veterinary Science, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Apartado 1013, Vila Real 5001-801, Portugal.
| | - Ana Cristina Abreu
- LEPABE, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, s/n, Porto 4200-465, Portugal.
- CECAV-Veterinary and Animal Science Research Center, Department of Veterinary Science, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Apartado 1013, Vila Real 5001-801, Portugal.
| | - Carla Dias
- LEPABE, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, s/n, Porto 4200-465, Portugal.
- CECAV-Veterinary and Animal Science Research Center, Department of Veterinary Science, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Apartado 1013, Vila Real 5001-801, Portugal.
| | - Maria José Saavedra
- CECAV-Veterinary and Animal Science Research Center, Department of Veterinary Science, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Apartado 1013, Vila Real 5001-801, Portugal.
| | - Fernanda Borges
- CIQUP, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, s/n, Porto 4169-007, Portugal.
| | - Manuel Simões
- LEPABE, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, s/n, Porto 4200-465, Portugal.
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Kuete V, Djeussi DE, Mbaveng AT, Zeino M, Efferth T. Cytotoxicity of 15 Cameroonian medicinal plants against drug sensitive and multi-drug resistant cancer cells. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2016; 186:196-204. [PMID: 27063984 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2016.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2016] [Revised: 04/02/2016] [Accepted: 04/03/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Cameroonian medicinal plants are traditionally used to treat many ailments, including cancer and related diseases. Cancer is characterized as a condition with complex signs and symptoms. It has been recommended that ethnopharmacological usages such as immune and skin disorders, inflammatory, infectious, parasitic and viral diseases should be taken into account when selecting plants for anticancer screenings, since these reflect disease states bearing relevance to cancer or cancer-like symptoms. AIM OF THE STUDY The present study aims at investigating 20 methanol extracts from 15 Cameroonian medicinal plants on a panel of human cancer cell lines, including various drug-resistant phenotypes. Possible modes of action of the of the most active plant were analyzed. MATERIALS AND METHODS Methanol extracts from different plant parts (leaves, bark, roots, fruits or whole plant) were evaluated for their cytotoxicity using resazurin reduction assay on a panel of nine sensitive and multi-drug resistant (MDR) cancer cell lines. Cell cycle, apoptosis, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), and reactive oxygen species (ROS) were measured by flow cytometry. RESULTS Prescreening of extracts at 80µg/mL showed that 6 extracts out of 20 inhibited more than 50% proliferation of leukemia CCRF-CEM cells; these include extracts from Anthocleista schweinfurthii fruits (ASF; 48.28%), Morus mesozygia bark (MMB; 42.76%), Nauclea latifolia bark (NLB; 38.75%), Tridesmostemon omphalocarpoides bark (TOB; 38.53%), Nauclea latifolia leaves (NLL; 35.17%) and Erythrina sigmoidea bark (ESB; 33.77%). Subsequent investigations revealed IC50 values below or around 20µg/mL for extracts from MMB, NLB, NLL and ESB towards sensitive CCRF-CEM cells and its resistant P-glycoprotein over-expressing subline CEM/ADR5000. The best extract, ESB also displayed IC50 values below 20µg/mL colon carcinoma HCT116 (p53(+/+)) cells with an IC50 value of 19.63µg/mL and it resistant p53 knockout subline HCT116 (p53(-)(/-)) with an IC50 value of 16.22µg/mL. CONCLUSION Erythrina sigmoidea, Anthocleista schweinfurthii, Morus mesozygia, Nauclea latifolia, Tridesmostemon omphalocarpoides used in African traditional medicine are good cytotoxic plants that can be exploited to develop phytomedicine to fight cancers including MDR phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Kuete
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Mainz, Staudinger Weg 5, 55128 Mainz, Germany; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon.
| | - Doriane E Djeussi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon
| | - Armelle T Mbaveng
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon
| | - Maen Zeino
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Mainz, Staudinger Weg 5, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Thomas Efferth
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Mainz, Staudinger Weg 5, 55128 Mainz, Germany.
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Mambe FT, Voukeng IK, Beng VP, Kuete V. Antibacterial activities of methanol extracts from Alchornea cordifolia and four other Cameroonian plants against MDR phenotypes. J Taibah Univ Med Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtumed.2015.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
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Bitchagno GTM, Tankeo SB, Tsopmo A, Simo Mpetga JD, Tchinda AT, Fobofou SAT, Nkuete AHL, Wessjohann LA, Kuete V, Tane P. Ericoside, a new antibacterial biflavonoid from Erica mannii (Ericaceae). Fitoterapia 2016; 109:206-11. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2015.12.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2015] [Revised: 12/13/2015] [Accepted: 12/15/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Tchinda CF, Voukeng IK, Beng VP, Kuete V. Antibacterial activities of the methanol extracts of Albizia adianthifolia, Alchornea laxiflora, Laportea ovalifolia and three other Cameroonian plants against multi-drug resistant Gram-negative bacteria. Saudi J Biol Sci 2016; 24:950-955. [PMID: 28490970 PMCID: PMC5415118 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2016.01.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2015] [Revised: 01/16/2016] [Accepted: 01/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
In the last 10 years, resistance in Gram-negative bacteria has been increasing. The present study was designed to evaluate the in vitro antibacterial activities of the methanol extracts of six Cameroonian medicinal plants Albizia adianthifolia, Alchornea laxiflora, Boerhavia diffusa, Combretum hispidum, Laportea ovalifolia and Scoparia dulcis against a panel of 15 multidrug resistant Gram-negative bacterial strains. The broth microdilution was used to determine the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC) of the extracts. The preliminary phytochemical screening of the extracts was conducted according to the reference qualitative phytochemical methods. Results showed that all extracts contained compounds belonging to the classes of polyphenols and triterpenes, other classes of chemicals being selectively distributed. The best antibacterial activities were recorded with bark and root extracts of A. adianthifolia as well as with L. ovalifolia extract, with MIC values ranging from 64 to 1024 μg/mL on 93.3% of the fifteen tested bacteria. The lowest MIC value of 64 μg/mL was recorded with A. laxiflora bark extract against Enterobacter aerogenes EA289. Finally, the results of this study provide evidence of the antibacterial activity of the tested plants and suggest their possible use in the control of multidrug resistant phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Victor Kuete
- Corresponding author at: P.O. Box 67 Dschang, Cameroon. Tel.: +237 77 35 59 27; fax: +237 22 22 60 18.P.O. Box 67 DschangCameroon
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Mbaveng AT, Ignat AG, Ngameni B, Zaharia V, Ngadjui BT, Kuete V. In vitro antibacterial activities of p-toluenesulfonyl-hydrazinothiazoles and hydrazinoselenazoles against multi-drug resistant Gram-negative phenotypes. BMC Pharmacol Toxicol 2016; 17:3. [PMID: 26782344 PMCID: PMC4717659 DOI: 10.1186/s40360-016-0046-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2015] [Accepted: 01/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bacterial multidrug resistance (MDR) constitutes a major hurdle in the treatment of infectious diseases worldwide. The present study was designed to evaluate the antibacterial activities of synthetic p-toluenesulfonyl-hydrazinothiazoles against multidrug resistant Gram-negative bacteria. METHODS The broth microdilution method was used to determine the minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC). RESULTS The results demonstrated that the best activities were obtained with hydrazinoselenazoles. p-Chloro-benzyliden-selenosemicarbazide, 4-methyl-2-[(4-chloro-benzyliden)-hydrazinyl]-1,3-selenazole, p-chloro-benzoyl-selenosemicarbazide and 4-chloromethyl-2-[(4-chlorobenziliden)-N-acetyl-hydrazinyl]-1,3-selenazole were more active than the choramphenicol on Klebsiella pneumoniae KP63. Tested alone, the lowest MIC value of 16 mg/L was obtained with p-methoxy-benzyliden-selenosemicarbazide against Enterobacter aerogenes ATCC13048, K. pneumoniae ATCC112296 and KP55. Tested in the presence of an efflux pump inhibitor, phenylalanine arginine β-naphthylamide (PAβN), the activity of p-chloro-benzyliden-selenosemicarbazide, 4-methyl-2-[(4-chloro-benzyliden)-hydrazinyl]-1,3-selenazole, p-chloro-benzoyl-selenosemicarbazide and p-methoxy-benzyliden-selenosemicarbazide significantly increased with MIC values below 10 mg/L obtained respectively on 43.8 %, 31.3 %, 62.5 % and 100 % of the 16 tested bacterial strains. The lowest MIC value of 0.5 mg/L in the presence of PAβN was recorded with p-chloro-benzoyl-selenosemicarbazide against Escherichia coli ATCC8739 and KP55 as well as p-methoxy-benzyliden-selenosemicarbazide against E. aerogenes KP55. p-Chloro-benzyliden-selenosemicarbazide and p-chloro-benzoyl-selenosemicarbazide contained the same pharmacophore as p-methoxy-benzyliden-selenosemicarbazide. CONCLUSION This study indicates that p-chloro-benzyliden-selenosemicarbazide, p-chloro-benzoyl-selenosemicarbazide and p-methoxy-benzyliden-selenosemicarbazide could be explored more to develop novel antimicrobial drugs to fight MDR bacterial infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Armelle T Mbaveng
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon.
| | - Adriana Grozav Ignat
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
| | - Bathélémy Ngameni
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon.
| | - Valentin Zaharia
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
| | - Bonaventure T Ngadjui
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon.
| | - Victor Kuete
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon.
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Dzotam JK, Touani FK, Kuete V. Antibacterial and antibiotic-modifying activities of three food plants (Xanthosoma mafaffa Lam., Moringa oleifera (L.) Schott and Passiflora edulis Sims) against multidrug-resistant (MDR) Gram-negative bacteria. Altern Ther Health Med 2016; 16:9. [PMID: 26753836 PMCID: PMC4709887 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-016-0990-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2015] [Accepted: 01/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Background The present study was designed to investigate the antibacterial activities of the methanol extract of three edible plants, namely Xanthosoma mafaffa, Moringa oleifera and Passiflora edulis and their synergistic effects with some commonly used antibiotics against MDR Gram-negative bacteria expressing active efflux pumps. Methods Broth microdilution method was used to determine the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) and the minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBCs) of the extracts, as well as those of antibiotics in association with the extracts. Results The phytochemical test indicate that all tested crude extracts contained polyphenols, triterpenes and steroids whilst other phytochemical classes were selectively distributed. Extracts showed antibacterial activities with minimum inhibitory concentrations ranging from 128-1024 μg/mL on the majority of the 19 tested Gram-negative bacterial strains. Extract from the pericarp of P. edulis inhibited the growth of 89.5 % of the 19 tested bacterial strains, the lowest minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) value of 128 μg/mL being recorded against Escherichia coli AG100 strain. In the presence of Phenylalanine-Arginine β-Naphtylamide (PAβN)], an efflux pump inhibitor (EPI), the activity of the extract from X. mafaffa increased on 40 % of tested strains. In combination with antibiotics, extracts of X. mafaffa, M. oleifera and pericarp of P. edulis showed synergistic effects with some antibiotics against more than 75 % of the tested bacteria. Conclusion The results of the present study indicate that the tested plants may be used in the treatment of bacterial infections including the multi-resistant bacteria.
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Djeussi DE, Sandjo LP, Noumedem JAK, Omosa LK, T. Ngadjui B, Kuete V. Antibacterial activities of the methanol extracts and compounds from Erythrina sigmoidea against Gram-negative multi-drug resistant phenotypes. BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2015; 15:453. [PMID: 26715029 PMCID: PMC4696315 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-015-0978-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2015] [Accepted: 12/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background In the present study, the methanol extracts from the leaves, as well as compounds namely sigmoidin I (1), atalantoflavone (2), bidwillon A (3), neocyclomorusin (4), 6α-hydroxyphaseollidin (5) and neobavaisoflavone (6) (from the bark extract) were tested for their activities against a panel of Gram-negative bacteria including multi-drug resistant (MDR) phenotypes. Methods Broth microdilution method was used to determine the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) and the minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBCs) of the extracts as well as compounds 1–6. Results The MIC results indicated that the crude extracts from the leaves and bark of this plant were able to inhibit the growth of 96.3 % of the 27 tested bacteria. Compounds 2–6 displayed selective activities, their inhibitory effects being obtained on 8.3 %, 41.7 %, 58.3 %, 58.3 % and 66.7 % of tested bacteria respectively for 2, 3, 5, 6 and 4. The lowest MIC value of 8 μg/mL was obtained with 6 against Escherichia coli ATCC8739, Enterobacter cloacae ECCI69, Klebsiella pneumoniae KP55, Providencia stuartii NAE16 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa PA01. Conclusion The present study demonstrates that Erythrina sigmoidea is a potential source of antibacterial drugs to fight against MDR bacteria. Neobavaisoflavone (6) is the main antibacterial consituents of the bark crude extract.
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Mbaveng AT, Sandjo LP, Tankeo SB, Ndifor AR, Pantaleon A, Nagdjui BT, Kuete V. Antibacterial activity of nineteen selected natural products against multi-drug resistant Gram-negative phenotypes. SPRINGERPLUS 2015; 4:823. [PMID: 26753111 PMCID: PMC4695461 DOI: 10.1186/s40064-015-1645-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2015] [Accepted: 12/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The present study was designed to assess the antimicrobial activity of 19 natural products belonging to terpenoids, alkaloids, thiophenes and phenolics against a panel of 14 Gram-negative multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria. The results demonstrated that amongst the studied compounds, alkaloids and terpenoids were less active contrary to flavonoids: neocyclomorusin (3) and candidone (6) and isoflavonoids: neobavaisoflavone (8) and daidzein (12). Thiophene, 2-(penta-1,3-diynyl)-5-(3,4-dihydroxybut-1-ynyl)thiophene (17) showed moderate and selective activities. Compounds 3, 6, 8 and 12 displayed minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) ranged from 4 to 256 μg/mL on all the 14 tested bacteria. MIC values below 10 μg/mL were obtained with 8, 3, 6 and 12 against 50, 42.9, 35.7 and 21.4 % of the tested bacteria. The lowest MIC value of 4 μg/mL was obtained with compound 3 against Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC11296, Enterobacter cloacae BM47, compound 6 against Escherichia coli ATCC8739, K. pneumoniae ATCC11296, E. cloacae BM47 and compound 8 against K. pneumoniae ATCC11296 and E. cloacae BM47. The activity of flavonoid 3 was better or equal to that of chloramphenicol in all tested K. pneumoniae,Providencia stuartii, E. aerogenes, E. cloacae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains. Within isoflavonoids, neobavaisoflavone scaffold was detected as a pharmacophoric moiety. This study indicates that natural products such as 3, 6 and 8 could be explored more to develop antimicrobial drugs to fight MDR bacterial infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Armelle T Mbaveng
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, P.O. Box 67, Dschang, Cameroon
| | - Louis P Sandjo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, CSS, Universitade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC 88040-900 Brazil
| | - Simplice B Tankeo
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, P.O. Box 67, Dschang, Cameroon
| | - Ache R Ndifor
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Ambassa Pantaleon
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Bonaventure T Nagdjui
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Victor Kuete
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, P.O. Box 67, Dschang, Cameroon ; P.O. Box 1499, Bafoussam, Cameroon
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Seukep JA, Ngadjui B, Kuete V. Antibacterial activities of Fagara macrophylla, Canarium schweinfurthii, Myrianthus arboreus, Dischistocalyx grandifolius and Tragia benthamii against multi-drug resistant Gram-negative bacteria. SPRINGERPLUS 2015; 4:567. [PMID: 26543702 PMCID: PMC4627964 DOI: 10.1186/s40064-015-1375-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2015] [Accepted: 09/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Bacterial infections caused by multidrug resistant phenotypes constitute a worldwide health concern. The present study was designed to evaluate the in vitro antibacterial activities of the methanol extracts of five medicinal plants: Fagara macrophylla, Canarium schweinfurthii, Myrianthus arboreus, Dischistocalyx grandifolius and Tragia benthamii against a panel of 28 multidrug resistant Gram-negative bacterial strains. The liquid broth microdilution was used to determine the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC) of the extracts. The best activity was recorded with Canarium schweinfurthii bark extract, MIC values ranging from 32 to 1024 µg/mL being recorded against 85.7 % tested bacteria. Broad spectra of antibacterial activities were also obtained with both bark and leaf extracts from Myrianthus arboreus (78.6 %) as well as the bark extract from Fagara macrophylla (75.0 %). The lowest MIC value of 32 µg/mL was obtained with Canarium schweinfurthii bark extract against Klebsiella pneumoniae KP63 strain. The results of this work provide baseline information for the use of the studied plants, and mostly Fagara macrophylla, Canarium schweinfurthii and Myrianthus arboreus in the treatment of bacterial infections including multidrug resistant phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jackson A Seukep
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon
| | - Bonaventure Ngadjui
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Victor Kuete
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon
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Li XZ, Plésiat P, Nikaido H. The challenge of efflux-mediated antibiotic resistance in Gram-negative bacteria. Clin Microbiol Rev 2015; 28:337-418. [PMID: 25788514 PMCID: PMC4402952 DOI: 10.1128/cmr.00117-14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 939] [Impact Index Per Article: 104.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The global emergence of multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria is a growing threat to antibiotic therapy. The chromosomally encoded drug efflux mechanisms that are ubiquitous in these bacteria greatly contribute to antibiotic resistance and present a major challenge for antibiotic development. Multidrug pumps, particularly those represented by the clinically relevant AcrAB-TolC and Mex pumps of the resistance-nodulation-division (RND) superfamily, not only mediate intrinsic and acquired multidrug resistance (MDR) but also are involved in other functions, including the bacterial stress response and pathogenicity. Additionally, efflux pumps interact synergistically with other resistance mechanisms (e.g., with the outer membrane permeability barrier) to increase resistance levels. Since the discovery of RND pumps in the early 1990s, remarkable scientific and technological advances have allowed for an in-depth understanding of the structural and biochemical basis, substrate profiles, molecular regulation, and inhibition of MDR pumps. However, the development of clinically useful efflux pump inhibitors and/or new antibiotics that can bypass pump effects continues to be a challenge. Plasmid-borne efflux pump genes (including those for RND pumps) have increasingly been identified. This article highlights the recent progress obtained for organisms of clinical significance, together with methodological considerations for the characterization of MDR pumps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian-Zhi Li
- Human Safety Division, Veterinary Drugs Directorate, Health Products and Food Branch, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Patrick Plésiat
- Laboratoire de Bactériologie, Faculté de Médecine-Pharmacie, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire, Université de Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
| | - Hiroshi Nikaido
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA
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