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Gheybi E, Asoodeh A, Amani J. In silico designing and expression of novel recombinant construct containing the variable part of CD44 extracellular domain for prediagnostic breast cancer. Cancer Rep (Hoboken) 2023; 6:e1745. [PMID: 36289579 PMCID: PMC10026285 DOI: 10.1002/cnr2.1745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND CD44, as a tumor-associated marker, can be used to detect stem cells in breast cancer. While CD44 is expressed in normal epithelial cells, carcinoma cells overexpress CD44. AIMS In the current study, we designed a recombinant protein that included the variable component of the CD44 (CD44v) extracellular domain to apply in clinical diagnosis of breast cancer. METHODS A total of 100 CD44v amino-acid residues were determined, and the structure was examined using bioinformatics tools. The construct was inserted into the PET28a vector and transformed in E. coli BL21(DE3). A nearly 12 kDa fusion protein was obtained by Ni-NTA affinity metal chromatography. Recombinant CD44v was examined by Western blotting, ELISA, and immunohistochemistry (IHC) assays. RESULTS The findings revealed that the structure of rCD44v was stable, and its antigenic domain was exposed. The recombinant CD44v was confirmed by western blotting, and the presence of antibodies against recombinant CD44v protein in the patient's serum was detected by the ELISA. Our data demonstrated a link between CD44v serum levels and the prevalence of breast cancer. CONCLUSION Assessments of antiCD44v antibodies with rCD44v could be a useful tool for identifying breast cancer in its early stages, which can lead to better outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elaheh Gheybi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ahmad Asoodeh
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Jafar Amani
- Applied Microbiology Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Thomas D, Rathinavel AK, Radhakrishnan P. Altered glycosylation in cancer: A promising target for biomarkers and therapeutics. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2020; 1875:188464. [PMID: 33157161 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2020.188464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2020] [Revised: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Glycosylation is a well-regulated cell and microenvironment specific post-translational modification. Several glycosyltransferases and glycosidases orchestrate the addition of defined glycan structures on the proteins and lipids. Recent advances and systemic approaches in glycomics have significantly contributed to a better understanding of instrumental roles of glycans in health and diseases. Emerging research evidence recognized aberrantly glycosylated proteins as the modulators of the malignant phenotype of cancer cells. The Cancer Genome Atlas has identified alterations in the expressions of glycosylation-specific genes that are correlated with cancer progression. However, the mechanistic basis remains poorly explored. Recent researches have shown that specific changes in the glycan structures are associated with 'stemness' and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition of cancer cells. Moreover, epigenetic changes in the glycosylation pattern make the tumor cells capable of escaping immunosurveillance mechanisms. The deciphering roles of glycans in cancer emphasize that glycans can serve as a source for the development of novel clinical biomarkers. The ability of glycans in intervening various stages of tumor progression and the biosynthetic pathways involved in glycan structures constitute a promising target for cancer therapy. Advances in the knowledge of innovative strategies for identifying the mechanisms of glycan-binding proteins are hoped to hold great potential in cancer therapy. This review discusses the fundamental role of glycans in regulating tumorigenesis and tumor progression and provides insights into the influence of glycans in the current tactics of targeted therapies in the clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Divya Thomas
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Ashok Kumar Rathinavel
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Prakash Radhakrishnan
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; Department of Genetics, Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA.
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Calabrò E, Magazù S. Resonant interaction between electromagnetic fields and proteins: A possible starting point for the treatment of cancer. Electromagn Biol Med 2018; 37:155-168. [DOI: 10.1080/15368378.2018.1499031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Emanuele Calabrò
- Department of Mathematical and Informatics Sciences, Physical Sciences and Earth Sciences of Messina University, Messina, Italy
- CISFA - Interuniversity Consortium of Applied Physical Sciences (Consorzio Interuniversitario di Scienze Fisiche Applicate), Messina, Italy
| | - Salvatore Magazù
- Department of Mathematical and Informatics Sciences, Physical Sciences and Earth Sciences of Messina University, Messina, Italy
- Le Studium, Loire Valley Institute for Advanced Studies, Orléans & Tours, Orléans, France
- Centre de Biophysique Moleculaire (CBM), rue Charles Sadron, Laboratoire Interfaces, Confinement, Matériaux et Nanostructures (ICMN) – UMR 7374 CNRS, Université d’Orléans, Orleans, France
- Istituto Nazionale di Alta Matematica “F. Severi” – INDAM – Gruppo Nazionale per la Fisica Matematica – GNFM, Rome, Italy
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Unusual N-type glycosylation of salivary prolactin-inducible protein (PIP): multiple Lewis Y epitopes generate highly-fucosylated glycan structures. Glycoconj J 2018; 35:323-332. [PMID: 29858715 DOI: 10.1007/s10719-018-9826-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2018] [Revised: 05/08/2018] [Accepted: 05/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Prolactin-inducible protein (PIP) is a glycoprotein found in body secretions from exocrine glands like saliva and seminal plasma. Important biological functions of PIP concentrations have been demonstrated, e.g. in tumor diagnosis and progression. PIP quantity has been also found useful to determine the success of chemotherapy of mammary carcinoma. Here, we present the analysis of the N-glycosylation of PIP isolated from different sources by LC-MS(/MS) and 1H-NMR. We found a very uncommon N-type glycosylation of PIP in healthy individuals from both, seminal fluid and saliva. PIP carries unusual highly fucosylated N-linked glycans with multiple Lewisy (Ley) epitopes on bi-, tri- and tetraantennary structures resulting in up to nine fucosyl residues on a tetraantennary glycan. In most organs, Ley epitopes are not present on N-glycans except in case of a tumor when it is highly up-regulated and important for prognosis. Here, for the first time on a specific glycoprotein Ley antigens are unambiguously characterized on an N-type glycan by NMR spectroscopy. So far, for specific glycoproteins Ley epitopes had only been reported on O-glycans. Furthermore, a correlation between a nonsynonymous single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) and glycosylation pattern was detected: individuals heterozygous for the SNP causing the amino acid exchange 51Gln to 51His have glycan structures with a higher degree of sialylation compared to individuals lacking the SNP.
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Ge C, Li R, Song H, Geng T, Yang J, Tan Q, Song L, Wang Y, Xue Y, Li Z, Dong S, Zhang Z, Zhang N, Guo J, Hua L, Chen S, Song X. Phase I clinical trial of a novel autologous modified-DC vaccine in patients with resected NSCLC. BMC Cancer 2017; 17:884. [PMID: 29268708 PMCID: PMC5740508 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-017-3859-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2016] [Accepted: 11/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The primary aim of this study was to evaluate the safety of a novel dendritic cell (DC) vaccine pulsed with survivin and MUC1, silenced with suppressor of cytokine signaling 1 (SOCS1), and immune stimulated with flagellin for patients with stage I to IIIA non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in a phase I open-label, uncontrolled, and dose-escalation trial. Moreover, we evaluate the potential efficacy of this modified DC vaccine as secondary aim. METHODS The patients were treated with the vaccine at 1 × 106, 1 × 107and the maximum dose 8 × 107 at day 7, 14, and 21 after characterization of the vaccine phenotype by flow cytometry. The safety of the vaccine was assessed by adverse events, and the efficacy by the levels of several specific tumor markers and the patient quality of life. RESULTS The vaccine was well tolerated without dose-limiting toxicity even at higher doses. The most common adverse event reported was just grade 1 flu-like symptoms without unanticipated or serious adverse event. A significant decrease in CD3 + CD4 + CD25 + Foxp3+ T regulatory (Treg) cell number and increase in TNF-α and IL-6 were observed in two patients. Two patients showed 15% and 64% decrease in carcino-embryonic antigen and CYFRA21, respectively. The vaccination with the maximum dose significantly improved the patients'quality of life when administered at the highest dose. More importantly, in the long-term follow-up until February 17, 2017, 1 patient had no recurrence, 1 patients had a progressive disease (PD), and 1 patient was died in the low dose group. In the middle dose group, all 3 patients had no recurrence. In the high dose group, 1 patient was died, 1 patient had a PD, and the other 7 patients had no recurrence. CONCLUSIONS We provide preliminary data on the safety and efficacy profile of a novel vaccine against non-small cell lung cancer, which was reasonably well tolerated, induced modest antitumor activity without dose-limiting toxicity, and improved patients' quality of life. Further more, the vaccine maybe a very efficacious treatment for patients with resected NSCLC to prevent recurrence. Our findings on the safety and efficacy of the vaccine in this phase I trial warrant future phase II/III clinical trial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunlei Ge
- Cancer Biotherapy Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Tumor Hospital of Yunnan Province), Kunming, Yunnan 650118 China
| | - Ruilei Li
- Cancer Biotherapy Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Tumor Hospital of Yunnan Province), Kunming, Yunnan 650118 China
| | - Haifeng Song
- Cancer Biotherapy Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Tumor Hospital of Yunnan Province), Kunming, Yunnan 650118 China
| | - Tao Geng
- Cancer Biotherapy Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Tumor Hospital of Yunnan Province), Kunming, Yunnan 650118 China
| | - Jinyan Yang
- Cancer Biotherapy Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Tumor Hospital of Yunnan Province), Kunming, Yunnan 650118 China
| | - Qinghua Tan
- Cancer Biotherapy Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Tumor Hospital of Yunnan Province), Kunming, Yunnan 650118 China
| | - Linfeng Song
- Cancer Biotherapy Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Tumor Hospital of Yunnan Province), Kunming, Yunnan 650118 China
| | - Ying Wang
- Cancer Biotherapy Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Tumor Hospital of Yunnan Province), Kunming, Yunnan 650118 China
| | - Yuanbo Xue
- Cancer Biotherapy Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Tumor Hospital of Yunnan Province), Kunming, Yunnan 650118 China
| | - Zhen Li
- Cancer Biotherapy Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Tumor Hospital of Yunnan Province), Kunming, Yunnan 650118 China
| | - Suwei Dong
- Cancer Biotherapy Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Tumor Hospital of Yunnan Province), Kunming, Yunnan 650118 China
| | - Zhiwei Zhang
- Cancer Biotherapy Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Tumor Hospital of Yunnan Province), Kunming, Yunnan 650118 China
| | - Na Zhang
- Cancer Biotherapy Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Tumor Hospital of Yunnan Province), Kunming, Yunnan 650118 China
| | - Jiyin Guo
- Cancer Biotherapy Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Tumor Hospital of Yunnan Province), Kunming, Yunnan 650118 China
| | - Lin Hua
- Cancer Biotherapy Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Tumor Hospital of Yunnan Province), Kunming, Yunnan 650118 China
| | - Siyi Chen
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX USA
- Department of Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX USA
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX USA
| | - Xin Song
- Cancer Biotherapy Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Tumor Hospital of Yunnan Province), Kunming, Yunnan 650118 China
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Syrkina MS, Maslakova AA, Potashnikova DM, Veiko VP, Vassetzky YS, Rubtsov MA. Dual Role of the Extracellular Domain of Human Mucin MUC1 in Metastasis. J Cell Biochem 2017; 118:4002-4011. [PMID: 28407289 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.26056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2017] [Accepted: 04/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Human mucin MUC1 plays an important role in cancer development. The increased level of this molecule expression during cancer cell progression induces metastasis and is associated with poor prognosis for patients. There is a large body of experimental data on the role of various functional domains of human mucin MUC1 in metastasis. While, the cytoplasmic domain determined to play a definitive role, the influence of extracellular domain on cancer cell invasiveness still remains unclear. The present paper reveals that the extracellular domain of MUC1 molecule consists of two functional subdomains-the region of tandem repeats (TR) and the region of irregular repeats (IR). We demonstrate the ability of each of these subdomains to alter the invasiveness of cancer cells. The presence of the MUC1 molecules containing TR subdomain (MUC1-TR) on the surface of low-invasive cancer cells leads to the increase in their transendothelial migration potency, while the addition of the IR subdomain to the MUC1-TR molecule (MUC1-IR-TR) restores their natural low invasiveness. J. Cell. Biochem. 118: 4002-4011, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Syrkina
- Faculty of Biology, Department of Molecular Biology, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia.,LIA 1066 French-Russian Joint Cancer Research Laboratory, Villejuif, France
| | - A A Maslakova
- Faculty of Biology, Department of Human and Animal Physiology, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - D M Potashnikova
- Faculty of Biology, Department of Cell Biology and Histology, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - V P Veiko
- Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Biotechnology Research Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Y S Vassetzky
- LIA 1066 French-Russian Joint Cancer Research Laboratory, Villejuif, France.,UMR8126, Université Paris Sud-Paris Saclay, CNRS, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France.,A.N. Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia.,Koltzov Institute of Developmental Biology, Moscow, Russia
| | - M A Rubtsov
- Faculty of Biology, Department of Molecular Biology, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia.,LIA 1066 French-Russian Joint Cancer Research Laboratory, Villejuif, France.,Department of Biochemistry/Strategic Management, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
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Oliveira PA, Gil da Costa RM, Vasconcelos-Nóbrega C, Arantes-Rodrigues R, Pinto-Leite R. Challenges within vitroandin vivoexperimental models of urinary bladder cancer for novel drug discovery. Expert Opin Drug Discov 2016; 11:599-607. [DOI: 10.1080/17460441.2016.1174690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Gabri MR, Cacciavillano W, Chantada GL, Alonso DF. Racotumomab for treating lung cancer and pediatric refractory malignancies. Expert Opin Biol Ther 2016; 16:573-8. [DOI: 10.1517/14712598.2016.1157579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION Utilizing the prodrug approach as a method to overcome various pharmaceutical and pharmacokinetic barriers to drug delivery is significantly accelerating and achieving successes. In contrast to the older traditional prodrugs which suffer from decreased bioavailability and a high profile of side effects, due to activation at undesired sites, the targeted prodrug approach utilizes delivery systems to improve delivery for a wide range of therapeutics including anti-cancer, anti-bacterial and anti-inflammatory drugs. AREAS COVERED Recent updates in utilization of prodrugs in drug delivery between 2013 and 2015 are discussed. Targeted prodrugs against cancer, solid tumors, microbial infections, inflammation and other diseases using advanced delivery systems such as theranostic approaches, siRNA, DOX immunoconjugate, C 60-ser carrier vector, biotinylated prodrug, human serum albumin (HSA) carrier and others are presented. EXPERT OPINION Recent research efforts have been directed at developing targeted prodrugs to replace the classical prodrugs. The use of this approach has accelerated following the emergence of encouraging results from several studies on targeted prodrugs that have highlighted their higher efficiency and improved safety profiles. Targeted prodrug delivery is now considered more than a chemical modification method. It is an applicable and promising approach and, in the future, better knowledge and wide application of this approach may be attained which may pave the way for more forward-thinking and creative techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wajd Amly
- a Pharmaceutical Sciences Department, Faculty of Pharmacy , Al-Quds University , Jerusalem , Palestine , Israel
| | - Rafik Karaman
- a Pharmaceutical Sciences Department, Faculty of Pharmacy , Al-Quds University , Jerusalem , Palestine , Israel.,b Department of Sciences , University of Basilicata , Potenza , Italy
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Vasconcelos-Dos-Santos A, Oliveira IA, Lucena MC, Mantuano NR, Whelan SA, Dias WB, Todeschini AR. Biosynthetic Machinery Involved in Aberrant Glycosylation: Promising Targets for Developing of Drugs Against Cancer. Front Oncol 2015; 5:138. [PMID: 26161361 PMCID: PMC4479729 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2015.00138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2015] [Accepted: 06/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer cells depend on altered metabolism and nutrient uptake to generate and keep the malignant phenotype. The hexosamine biosynthetic pathway is a branch of glucose metabolism that produces UDP-GlcNAc and its derivatives, UDP-GalNAc and CMP-Neu5Ac and donor substrates used in the production of glycoproteins and glycolipids. Growing evidence demonstrates that alteration of the pool of activated substrates might lead to different glycosylation and cell signaling. It is already well established that aberrant glycosylation can modulate tumor growth and malignant transformation in different cancer types. Therefore, biosynthetic machinery involved in the assembly of aberrant glycans are becoming prominent targets for anti-tumor drugs. This review describes three classes of glycosylation, O-GlcNAcylation, N-linked, and mucin type O-linked glycosylation, involved in tumor progression, their biosynthesis and highlights the available inhibitors as potential anti-tumor drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Isadora A Oliveira
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro , Rio de Janeiro , Brasil
| | - Miguel Clodomiro Lucena
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro , Rio de Janeiro , Brasil
| | - Natalia Rodrigues Mantuano
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro , Rio de Janeiro , Brasil
| | - Stephen A Whelan
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Proteomics Center, Boston University School of Medicine , Boston, MA , USA
| | - Wagner Barbosa Dias
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro , Rio de Janeiro , Brasil
| | - Adriane Regina Todeschini
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro , Rio de Janeiro , Brasil
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Heublein S, Mayr D, Egger M, Karsten U, Goletz S, Angele M, Gallwas J, Jeschke U, Ditsch N. Immunoreactivity of the fully humanized therapeutic antibody PankoMab-GEX™ is an independent prognostic marker for breast cancer patients. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2015; 34:50. [PMID: 25986064 PMCID: PMC4447018 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-015-0152-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2014] [Accepted: 04/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Background Mucin-1 (MUC1, CD227), more widely known as CA15-3, is an abundantly expressed epithelial cell surface antigen and has evolved to be the most predictive serum tumour marker in breast cancer. PankoMab-GEX™, which is currently being evaluated for its therapeutic efficacy in a phase IIb clinical trial, is a glyco-optimized anti-MUC1 antibody specifically recognizing a tumour-associated MUC1 epitope (TA-MUC1). The current study aimed to analyse the immunoreactivity of PankoMabGEX™ and its correlation with established clinico-pathological variables including 10-year and overall survival in a large cohort of breast cancer patients. Methods Breast cancer tissue sections (n = 227) underwent a standardized immunohistochemical staining protocol for TA-MUC1 by using PankoMab-GEX™ as a primary antibody. The staining was evaluated by two independent observers and quantified by applying the IR-score. Results TA-MUC1 as detected by PankoMab-GEX™ was identified in 74.9% of breast cancer tissue sections. Patients were subdivided according to the subcellular localisation of TA-MUC1 and cases classified as mem-PankoMab-GEX™ (solely membranous) positive, cyt-PankoMab-GEX™ (solely cytoplasmic) positive, double positive or as completely negative were compared regarding their survival. Herein mem-PankoMab-GEX™-positive patients performed best, while double-negative ones presented with a significantly shortened survival. Positivity for mem-PankoMab-GEX™ as well as a double-negative immunophenotype turned out to be independent prognosticators for survival. Conclusions This is the first study to report on PankoMab-GEX™ in a large panel of breast cancer patients. The PankoMab-GEX™ epitope TA-MUC1 could be identified in the majority of cases and was found to be an independent prognosticator depending on its subcellular localisation. Since TA-MUC1 is known to be highly immunogenic cancers staining positive for PankoMab-GEX™ might be more compromised by host anti-tumour immune defence. Further, the observations reported here might be fundamental for selecting patients to undergo PankoMab-GEX™-containing chemotherapy protocols. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13046-015-0152-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabine Heublein
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Marchioninistrasse 15, 81377, Munich, Germany.
| | - Doris Mayr
- Department of Pathology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Munich, Germany.
| | - Markus Egger
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Marchioninistrasse 15, 81377, Munich, Germany.
| | | | | | - Martin Angele
- Department of Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Munich, Germany.
| | - Julia Gallwas
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Marchioninistrasse 15, 81377, Munich, Germany.
| | - Udo Jeschke
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Marchioninistrasse 15, 81377, Munich, Germany.
| | - Nina Ditsch
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Marchioninistrasse 15, 81377, Munich, Germany.
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Designing a recombinant chimeric construct contain MUC1 and HER2 extracellular domain for prediagnostic breast cancer. Tumour Biol 2014; 35:11489-97. [DOI: 10.1007/s13277-014-2483-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2014] [Accepted: 08/08/2014] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
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Abstract
The development of carbohydrate based anti-cancer vaccines is of high current interests. Herein, the latest development in this exciting field is reviewed. After a general introduction about tumor associated carbohydrate antigens and immune responses, the review is focused on the various strategies that have been developed to enhance the immunogenecity of these antigens. The results from animal studies and clinical trials are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaojun Yin
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824
| | - Xuefei Huang
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824
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Heimburg-Molinaro J, Lum M, Vijay G, Jain M, Almogren A, Rittenhouse-Olson K. Cancer vaccines and carbohydrate epitopes. Vaccine 2011; 29:8802-26. [PMID: 21964054 PMCID: PMC3208265 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2011.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 175] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2011] [Revised: 08/18/2011] [Accepted: 09/06/2011] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Tumor-associated carbohydrate antigens (TACA) result from the aberrant glycosylation that is seen with transformation to a tumor cell. The carbohydrate antigens that have been found to be tumor-associated include the mucin related Tn, Sialyl Tn, and Thomsen-Friedenreich antigens, the blood group Lewis related Lewis(Y), Sialyl Lewis(X) and Sialyl Lewis(A), and Lewis(X) (also known as stage-specific embryonic antigen-1, SSEA-1), the glycosphingolipids Globo H and stage-specific embryonic antigen-3 (SSEA-3), the sialic acid containing glycosphingolipids, the gangliosides GD2, GD3, GM2, fucosyl GM1, and Neu5GcGM3, and polysialic acid. Recent developments have furthered our understanding of the T-independent type II response that is seen in response to carbohydrate antigens. The selection of a vaccine target antigen is based on not only the presence of the antigen in a variety of tumor tissues but also on the role this antigen plays in tumor growth and metastasis. These roles for TACAs are being elucidated. Newly acquired knowledge in understanding the T-independent immune response and in understanding the key roles that carbohydrates play in metastasis are being applied in attempts to develop an effective vaccine response to TACAs. The role of each of the above mentioned carbohydrate antigens in cancer growth and metastasis and vaccine attempts using these antigens will be described.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Michelle Lum
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY 14263
| | - Geraldine Vijay
- University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Miten Jain
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, University of California Santa Cruz, CA 95064
| | - Adel Almogren
- Department Of Pathology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11461 Saudi Arabia
| | - Kate Rittenhouse-Olson
- Department Of Pathology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11461 Saudi Arabia
- Department of Biotechnical and Clinical Laboratory Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14214
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14214
- Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY 14263
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Hamrita B, Nasr HB, Hammann P, Kuhn L, Guillier CL, Chaieb A, Khairi H, Chahed K. An elongation factor-like protein (EF-Tu) elicits a humoral response in infiltrating ductal breast carcinomas: An immunoproteomics investigation. Clin Biochem 2011; 44:1097-1104. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2011.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2011] [Revised: 05/30/2011] [Accepted: 06/01/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Mukhopadhyay P, Chakraborty S, Ponnusamy MP, Lakshmanan I, Jain M, Batra SK. Mucins in the pathogenesis of breast cancer: implications in diagnosis, prognosis and therapy. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2011; 1815:224-40. [PMID: 21277939 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2011.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2010] [Revised: 01/16/2011] [Accepted: 01/19/2011] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Mucins are high molecular weight, multifunctional glycoproteins comprised of two structural classes-the large transmembrane mucins and the gel-forming or secreted mucins. The primary function of mucins is to protect and lubricate the luminal surfaces of epithelium-lined ducts in the human body. Recent studies have identified a differential expression of both membrane bound (MUC1, MUC4 and MUC16) and secreted mucins (MUC2, MUC5AC, MUC5B and MUC6) in breast cancer tissues when compared with the non-neoplastic breast tissues. Functional studies have also uncovered many unique roles of mucins during the progression of breast cancer, which include modulation in proliferative, invasive and metastatic potential of tumor cells. Mucins function through many unique domains that can form complex association with various signaling molecules including growth factor receptors and intercellular adhesion molecules. While there is growing information about mucins in various malignancies including breast cancer, no focused review is there on the expression and functional roles of mucins in breast cancer. In this present review, we have discussed the differential expression and functional roles of mucins in breast cancer. The potential of mucins as diagnostic and prognostic markers and as therapeutic targets in breast cancer have also been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Partha Mukhopadhyay
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
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Demichelis SO, Isla-Larrain MT, Cermignani L, Alberdi CG, Segal-Eiras A, Croce MV. Invasive breast cancer in Argentine women: association between risk and prognostic factors with antigens of a peptidic and carbohydrate nature. BREAST CANCER-TARGETS AND THERAPY 2011; 3:161-73. [PMID: 24367185 DOI: 10.2147/bctt.s26833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In breast cancer, several tumor markers have been identified. The marker most extensively associated with breast cancer is MUC1. The objective of the study was to analyze prognostic and risk factors in relation to tumor markers in order to clarify breast cancer biology. A total of 349 primary tumor samples and lymph nodes from breast cancer patients were studied. Risk and prognostic factors were considered. An immunohistochemical approach was applied and an extensive statistical analysis was performed, including frequency analysis and analysis of variance. Correlation among variables was performed with principal component analysis. RESULTS All the antigens showed an increased expression according to tumor size increment; moreover, sialyl Lewis x expression showed a significant increase in relation to disease stage, whereas Tn and TF presented a positive tendency. Vascular invasion was related to sialyl Lewis x expression and number of metastatic lymph nodes. Taking into account risk factors, when a patient had at least one child, Lewis antigens diminished their expression. In relation to breastfeeding, sialyl Lewis x expression diminished, although its apical expression increased. CONCLUSION Associations between MUC1 and carbohydrate antigens and risk and prognostic factors show the complexity of the cellular biological behavior that these antigens modulate in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra O Demichelis
- Centre of Basic and Applied Immunological Research, Faculty of Medical Sciences, National University of La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Marina T Isla-Larrain
- Centre of Basic and Applied Immunological Research, Faculty of Medical Sciences, National University of La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Luciano Cermignani
- Centre of Basic and Applied Immunological Research, Faculty of Medical Sciences, National University of La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Cecilio G Alberdi
- Centre of Basic and Applied Immunological Research, Faculty of Medical Sciences, National University of La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Amada Segal-Eiras
- Centre of Basic and Applied Immunological Research, Faculty of Medical Sciences, National University of La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - María Virginia Croce
- Centre of Basic and Applied Immunological Research, Faculty of Medical Sciences, National University of La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
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Abstract
The overexpression and aberrant glycosylation of MUC1 is associated with a wide variety of cancers, making it an ideal target for immunotherapeutic strategies. This review highlights the main avenues of research in this field, focusing on adenocarcinomas, from the preclinical to clinical; the problems and possible solutions associated with each approach; and speculates on the direction of MUC1 immunotherapeutic research over the next 5-10 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard E Beatson
- Breast Cancer Biology Group, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London SE1 9RT, UK
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