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Luo H, Zhao L, Ou Z, Li T, Liu Y, Yu Z. Novel lncRNA LNC_000113 Drives the Activation of Pulmonary Adventitial Fibroblasts through Modulating PTEN/Akt/FoxO1 Pathway. J Cardiovasc Dev Dis 2023; 10:262. [PMID: 37367427 DOI: 10.3390/jcdd10060262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The activation of pulmonary adventitial fibroblasts (PAFs) is one of the key components of pulmonary arterial remodelling in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Emerging evidence indicates that lncRNAs may play fibrotic roles in a range of diseases. In this present study, we identified a novel lncRNA, LNC_000113, in pulmonary adventitial fibroblasts (PAFs) and characterised its role in the Galectin-3-induced activation of PAFs in rats. Galectin-3 led to elevated expression of lncRNA LNC_000113 in PAFs. The expression of this lncRNA was primarily PAF enriched. A progressive increase in lncRNA LNC_000113 expression was observed in rats with monocrotaline (MCT)-induced PAH rats. Knockdown of lncRNA LNC_000113 cancelled the Galectin-3's fibroproliferative effect on PAFs and prevented the transition of fibroblasts to myofibroblasts. The loss-of-function study demonstrated that lncRNA LNC_000113 activated PAFs through the PTEN/Akt/FoxO1 pathway. These results propose lncRNA LNC_000113 drives the activation of PAFs and promotes fibroblast phenotypic alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Luo
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of Changsha (Xiangya Medical College Affiliated Changsha Hospital of Central South University), Changsha 410005, China
| | - Lin Zhao
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Ziwei Ou
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Tangzhiming Li
- Department of Cardiology, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen 518020, China
| | - Yanghong Liu
- Reproductive Medicine Centre, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Zaixin Yu
- Department of Cardiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
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2
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Knockdown of miR-214 Alleviates Renal Interstitial Fibrosis by Targeting the Regulation of the PTEN/PI3K/AKT Signalling Pathway. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:7553928. [PMID: 36285295 PMCID: PMC9588363 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7553928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The microRNA-214 (miR-214) precursor is formed by the DNM3 gene on human chromosome 1q24.3, which is encoded and transcribed in the nucleus and processed into mature miR-214 in the cytoplasm. Association of miR-214 with the interstitial fibrosis of the kidney has been reported in existing research. Renal interstitial fibrosis is considered necessary during the process of various renal injuries in chronic kidney disease (CKD). One of the important mechanisms is the TGF- (transforming growth factor-) β1-stimulated epithelial interstitial transformation (EMT). The specific mechanisms of miR-214-3p in renal interstitial fibrosis and whether it participates in EMT are worthy of further investigation. In this paper, we first demonstrated modulation of the downstream PI3K/AKT axis by miR-214-3p through targeting phosphatase and tension protein homologues (PTEN), indicating the miRNA's participation in unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) nephropathy and TGF-β1-induced EMT. We overexpressed or silenced miR-214-3p and PTEN for probing into the correlation of miR-214-3p with PTEN and the downstream PI3K/AKT signalling pathways. According to the results of the study, miR-214-3p overexpression silenced PTEN, activated the PI3K/AKT signalling pathway, and exacerbated EMT induced by TGF-β1, while miR-214-3p knockdown had the opposite effect. In miR-214-3p knockdown mice, the expression of PTEN was increased, the PI3K/AKT signalling pathway was inhibited, and fibrosis was alleviated. In conclusion, miR-214-3p regulates the EMT of renal tubular cells induced by TGF-β1 by targeting PTEN and regulating the PI3K/AKT signalling pathway. Furthermore, miR-214-3p knockdown can reduce renal interstitial fibrosis through the PTEN/PI3K/AKT pathway.
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3
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Yao Y, Chen Y, Zeren D, Ma Y, Xie Y, Wang Q, Ma H, Wang M, Liu F, Zhu C, Lin C. Diterpenoid alkaloids isolated from Delphinium trichophorum alleviate pulmonary fibrosis via the TGF-β/Smad pathway in 3T6 and HFL-1 cells. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 149:112906. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.112906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 03/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
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Rackow AR, Judge JL, Woeller CF, Sime PJ, Kottmann RM. miR-338-3p blocks TGFβ-induced myofibroblast differentiation through the induction of PTEN. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2022; 322:L385-L400. [PMID: 34986654 PMCID: PMC8884407 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00251.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic interstitial lung disease. The pathogenesis of IPF is not completely understood. However, numerous genes are associated with the development and progression of pulmonary fibrosis, indicating there is a significant genetic component to the pathogenesis of IPF. Epigenetic influences on the development of human disease, including pulmonary fibrosis, remain to be fully elucidated. In this paper, we identify miR-338-3p as a microRNA severely downregulated in the lungs of patients with pulmonary fibrosis and in experimental models of pulmonary fibrosis. Treatment of primary human lung fibroblasts with miR-338-3p inhibits myofibroblast differentiation and matrix protein production. Published and proposed targets of miR-338-3p such as TGFβ receptor 1, MEK/ERK 1/2, Cdk4, and Cyclin D are also not responsible for the regulation of pulmonary fibroblast behavior by miR-338-3p. miR-338-3p inhibits myofibroblast differentiation by preventing TGFβ-mediated downregulation of phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN), a known antifibrotic mediator.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley R. Rackow
- 1Lung Biology and Disease Program, University of Rochester Medical Center Rochester, Rochester, New York,2Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center Rochester, Rochester, New York
| | | | - Collynn F. Woeller
- 2Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center Rochester, Rochester, New York,4Department of Ophthalmology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York
| | - Patricia J. Sime
- 5Division of Pulmonary Disease and Critical Care Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Robert M. Kottmann
- 1Lung Biology and Disease Program, University of Rochester Medical Center Rochester, Rochester, New York,2Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center Rochester, Rochester, New York,6Division of Pulmonary Disease and Critical Care Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York
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5
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Mergault C, Lisée F, Tiroille V, Magnien M, Parent C, Lenga Mabonda W, Sizaret D, Jaillet M, Crestani B, Marchand-Adam S, Plantier L. Inhibition of the Arp2/3 complex represses human lung myofibroblast differentiation and attenuates bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis. Br J Pharmacol 2021; 179:125-140. [PMID: 34453744 DOI: 10.1111/bph.15675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The Arp2/3 multiprotein complex regulates branched polymerisation of the actin cytoskeleton and may contribute to collagen synthesis and fibrogenesis in the lung. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Expression of Arp2/3 components was assessed in human lung fibroblasts and in the bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis model in mice. The Arp2/3 complex was repressed with the allosteric inhibitor CK666 and with interfering RNAs targeting the ARP2, ARP3 and ARPC2 subunits (siARP2, siARP3 and siARPC2) in CCD-16Lu human lung fibroblasts in vitro. Mice received daily intraperitoneal injections of CK666 from the 7th to the 14th day after tracheal bleomycin instillation. KEY RESULTS Expression of Arp2/3 complex subunits mRNAs was increased in fibroblasts treated with TGF-β1 and in the lungs of bleomycin-treated mice compared with controls. In vitro, CK666 and siARPC2 inhibited cell growth and TGF-β1-induced α-smooth muscle actin (ACTA2) and collagen-1 (COL1) expression. CK666 also decreased ACTA2 and COL1 expression in unstimulated cells. CK666 reduced Akt phosphorylation and repressed phospho-GSK3β, β-catenin and MRTF-A levels in unstimulated fibroblasts. In vivo, CK666 reduced levels of both procollagen-1 and insoluble collagen in bleomycin-treated mice. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS Expression of the Arp2/3 complex was increased in profibrotic environments in vitro and in vivo. Inhibition of the Arp2/3 complex repressed ACTA2 and COL1 expression and repressed an Akt/phospho-GSK3β/β-catenin/MRTF-A pathway in lung fibroblasts. CK666 exerted antifibrotic properties in the lung in vivo. Inhibition of the Arp2/3 complex could represent an interesting new therapy for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and other fibrotic interstitial lung diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Coralie Mergault
- Centre d'Etudes des Pathologies Respiratoires, Inserm UMR1100, Tours, France.,Université de Tours, Tours, France
| | - Fanny Lisée
- Centre d'Etudes des Pathologies Respiratoires, Inserm UMR1100, Tours, France.,Université de Tours, Tours, France
| | - Victor Tiroille
- Centre d'Etudes des Pathologies Respiratoires, Inserm UMR1100, Tours, France.,Université de Tours, Tours, France
| | - Mélia Magnien
- Centre d'Etudes des Pathologies Respiratoires, Inserm UMR1100, Tours, France.,Université de Tours, Tours, France
| | - Christelle Parent
- Centre d'Etudes des Pathologies Respiratoires, Inserm UMR1100, Tours, France
| | - Woodys Lenga Mabonda
- Centre d'Etudes des Pathologies Respiratoires, Inserm UMR1100, Tours, France.,Université de Tours, Tours, France
| | - Damien Sizaret
- CHRU de Tours, Service d'Anatomie Pathologique, Tours, France
| | | | - Bruno Crestani
- Université de Paris, Inserm UMR1152, Labex Inflamex, Paris, France.,Service de Pneumologie A, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Bichat-Claude Bernard, Paris, France
| | - Sylvain Marchand-Adam
- Centre d'Etudes des Pathologies Respiratoires, Inserm UMR1100, Tours, France.,Université de Tours, Tours, France.,CHRU de Tours, Service de Pneumologie et Explorations Fonctionnelles Respiratoires, Tours, France
| | - Laurent Plantier
- Centre d'Etudes des Pathologies Respiratoires, Inserm UMR1100, Tours, France.,Université de Tours, Tours, France.,CHRU de Tours, Service de Pneumologie et Explorations Fonctionnelles Respiratoires, Tours, France
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6
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Nair M, Jagadeeshan S, Katselis G, Luan X, Momeni Z, Henao-Romero N, Chumala P, Tam JS, Yamamoto Y, Ianowski JP, Campanucci VA. Lipopolysaccharides induce a RAGE-mediated sensitization of sensory neurons and fluid hypersecretion in the upper airways. Sci Rep 2021; 11:8336. [PMID: 33863932 PMCID: PMC8052339 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-86069-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Thoracic dorsal root ganglia (tDRG) contribute to fluid secretion in the upper airways. Inflammation potentiates DRG responses, but the mechanisms remain under investigation. The receptor for advanced glycation end-products (RAGE) underlies potentiation of DRG responses in pain pathologies; however, its role in other sensory modalities is less understood. We hypothesize that RAGE contributes to electrophysiological and biochemical changes in tDRGs during inflammation. We used tDRGs and tracheas from wild types (WT), RAGE knock-out (RAGE-KO), and with the RAGE antagonist FPS-ZM1, and exposed them to lipopolysaccharides (LPS). We studied: capsaicin (CAP)-evoked currents and action potentials (AP), tracheal submucosal gland secretion, RAGE expression and downstream pathways. In WT neurons, LPS increased CAP-evoked currents and AP generation, and it caused submucosal gland hypersecretion in tracheas from WT mice exposed to LPS. In contrast, LPS had no effect on tDRG excitability or gland secretion in RAGE-KO mice or mice treated with FPS-ZM1. LPS upregulated full-length RAGE (encoded by Tv1-RAGE) and downregulated a soluble (sRAGE) splice variant (encoded by MmusRAGEv4) in tDRG neurons. These data suggest that sensitization of tDRG neurons contributes to hypersecretion in the upper airways during inflammation. And at least two RAGE variants may be involved in these effects of LPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manoj Nair
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology (APP), College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, 107 Wiggins Road, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5E5, Canada
| | - Santosh Jagadeeshan
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology (APP), College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, 107 Wiggins Road, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5E5, Canada
| | - George Katselis
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, 107 Wiggins Road, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5E5, Canada
| | - Xiaojie Luan
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, 107 Wiggins Road, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5E5, Canada
| | - Zeinab Momeni
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology (APP), College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, 107 Wiggins Road, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5E5, Canada
| | - Nicolas Henao-Romero
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology (APP), College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, 107 Wiggins Road, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5E5, Canada
| | - Paulos Chumala
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, 107 Wiggins Road, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5E5, Canada
| | - Julian S Tam
- Department of Medicine, Division of Respirology, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, 107 Wiggins Road, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5E5, Canada
| | - Yasuhiko Yamamoto
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Vascular Biology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa, 920-8640, Japan
| | - Juan P Ianowski
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology (APP), College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, 107 Wiggins Road, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5E5, Canada
| | - Verónica A Campanucci
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology (APP), College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, 107 Wiggins Road, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5E5, Canada.
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7
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Alves M, Borges DDP, Kimberly A, Martins Neto F, Oliveira AC, de Sousa JC, Nogueira CD, Carneiro BA, Tavora F. Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3 Beta Expression Correlates With Worse Overall Survival in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer-A Clinicopathological Series. Front Oncol 2021; 11:621050. [PMID: 33767989 PMCID: PMC7985549 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.621050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3 beta (GSK-3β) regulates diverse cell functions including metabolic activity, signaling and structural proteins. GSK-3β phosphorylates target pro-oncogenes and regulates programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1). This study investigated the correlation between GSK-3β expression and clinically relevant molecular features of lung adenocarcinoma (PDL1 score, PTEN expression and driver mutations). Methods We evaluated 95 lung cancer specimens from biopsies and surgical resections. Immunohistochemistry was performed to analyze the expression of GSK-3β, PTEN, and PDL1. Epidemiological data, molecular characteristics and staging were evaluated from medical records. The histologic classification was performed by an experienced pulmonary pathologist. Results Most patients were female (52.6%) and the majority had a positive smoking history. The median age was 68.3 years, with individuals over 60 years accounting for 82.1%. The predominant histological subtype was adenocarcinoma (69.5%), followed by squamous cell carcinoma (20.0%). GSK-3β expression in tumors was cytoplasmic with a dotted pattern and perinuclear concentration, with associated membranous staining. Seven (7.3%) tumors had associated nuclear expression localization. Seventy-seven patients (81.1%) had advanced clinical-stage tumors. GSK-3β was positive in 75 tumors (78%) and GSK3-positive tumors tended to be diagnosed at advanced stages. Among stage III/IV tumors, 84% showed GSK3 positivity (p= 0.007). We identified a statistically significant association between GSK-3β and PTEN in the qualitative analysis (p 0.021); and when comparing PTEN to GSK-3β intensity 2+ (p 0.001) or 3+ expression (> 50%) – p 0.013. GSK-3β positive tumors with a high histological score had a worse overall survival. Conclusion We identified the histological patterns of GSK-3β expression and evaluated its potential as marker for overall survival, establishing a simple histological score to measure the evaluated status in resected tissues. The use of GSK-3β expression as an immune response biomarker remains a challenge. Future studies will seek to explain the role of its interaction with PTEN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marclesson Alves
- Department of Pathology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | | | - Aline Kimberly
- Department of Pathology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil.,Argos Pathology Laboratory, Department of Investigative Pathology, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Francisco Martins Neto
- Departments of Patholoy, Oncology and Thoracic Surgery, Messejana Heart and Lung Hospital, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Ana Claudia Oliveira
- Departments of Patholoy, Oncology and Thoracic Surgery, Messejana Heart and Lung Hospital, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Juliana Cordeiro de Sousa
- Department of Pathology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil.,Argos Pathology Laboratory, Department of Investigative Pathology, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Cleto D Nogueira
- Department of Pathology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil.,Argos Pathology Laboratory, Department of Investigative Pathology, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Benedito A Carneiro
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Lifespan Cancer Institute, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Fabio Tavora
- Department of Pathology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil.,Argos Pathology Laboratory, Department of Investigative Pathology, Fortaleza, Brazil.,Departments of Patholoy, Oncology and Thoracic Surgery, Messejana Heart and Lung Hospital, Fortaleza, Brazil
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8
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Hu Q, Guo N, Zhao Y, Chen Y, Zhang P, Shen W, Gu Z. miRNA-26-5p inhibits cyclosporine A-induced overgrowth of gingival fibroblasts by regulating PTEN/PI3K/AKT pathway. Growth Factors 2020; 38:291-301. [PMID: 34427166 DOI: 10.1080/08977194.2021.1967343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
We evaluated the effect of cyclosporine A (CsA) administration on the level of miR-26-5p in rat gingival tissues and human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs) by qRT-PCR assay. Further, we conducted Western blotting and immunohistochemical analysis to assess the expressions of PTEN, PI3K, and p-AKT, and evaluated cell proliferation of HGFs by MTT assay. CsA treatment significantly downregulated the expressions of miR-26-5p and PTEN and upregulated the expressions of PI3K and p-AKT in both rat gingival tissues and HGFs. Overexpression of miR-26-5p inhibited CsA-induced overgrowth of HGFs, whereas knockdown of miR-26-5p promoted the overgrowth. PTEN knockdown not only promoted CsA-induced overgrowth of human HGFs but also reversed the repressive effects of miR-26-5p on CsA-induced overgrowth of HGFs. Our results revealed that miRNA-26-5p could repress CsA-induced overgrowth of human HGFs by regulating PTEN/PI3K/AKT pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiyong Hu
- Hangzhou West Dental Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Nadan Guo
- Hangzhou West Dental Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuting Zhao
- Hangzhou Dental Hospital, Huzhou Branch, Huzhou, China
| | - Yi Chen
- Hangzhou West Dental Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Hangzhou Dental Hospital, Huzhou Branch, Huzhou, China
| | - Wei Shen
- Hangzhou Dental Hospital, Huzhou Branch, Huzhou, China
| | - Ziya Gu
- Hangzhou West Dental Hospital, Hangzhou, China
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9
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Zheng H, Yang Z, Xin Z, Yang Y, Yu Y, Cui J, Liu H, Chen F. Glycogen synthase kinase-3β: a promising candidate in the fight against fibrosis. Theranostics 2020; 10:11737-11753. [PMID: 33052244 PMCID: PMC7545984 DOI: 10.7150/thno.47717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Fibrosis exists in almost all organs/tissues of the human body, plays an important role in the occurrence and development of diseases and is also a hallmark of the aging process. However, there is no effective prevention or therapeutic method for fibrogenesis. As a serine/threonine (Ser/Thr)-protein kinase, glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) is a vital signaling mediator that participates in a variety of biological events and can inhibit extracellular matrix (ECM) accumulation and the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process, thereby exerting its protective role against the fibrosis of various organs/tissues, including the heart, lung, liver, and kidney. Moreover, we further present the upstream regulators and downstream effectors of the GSK-3β pathway during fibrosis and comprehensively summarize the roles of GSK-3β in the regulation of fibrosis and provide several potential targets for research. Collectively, the information reviewed here highlights recent advances vital for experimental research and clinical development, illuminating the possibility of GSK-3β as a novel therapeutic target for the management of tissue fibrosis in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanxue Zheng
- Lab of Tissue Engineering, Faculty of Life Sciences, Northwest University, 229 TaiBai North Road, Xi'an 710069, China
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Shaanxi, Northwest University, 229 TaiBai North Road, Xi'an 710069, China
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education. Faculty of Life Sciences, Northwest University, 229 Taibai North Road, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Zhi Yang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education. Faculty of Life Sciences, Northwest University, 229 Taibai North Road, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Zhenlong Xin
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education. Faculty of Life Sciences, Northwest University, 229 Taibai North Road, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education. Faculty of Life Sciences, Northwest University, 229 Taibai North Road, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Yuan Yu
- Lab of Tissue Engineering, Faculty of Life Sciences, Northwest University, 229 TaiBai North Road, Xi'an 710069, China
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Shaanxi, Northwest University, 229 TaiBai North Road, Xi'an 710069, China
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education. Faculty of Life Sciences, Northwest University, 229 Taibai North Road, Xi'an 710069, China
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education. School of Medicine, Northwest University, 229 Taibai North Road, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Jihong Cui
- Lab of Tissue Engineering, Faculty of Life Sciences, Northwest University, 229 TaiBai North Road, Xi'an 710069, China
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Shaanxi, Northwest University, 229 TaiBai North Road, Xi'an 710069, China
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education. Faculty of Life Sciences, Northwest University, 229 Taibai North Road, Xi'an 710069, China
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education. School of Medicine, Northwest University, 229 Taibai North Road, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Hongbo Liu
- Lab of Tissue Engineering, Faculty of Life Sciences, Northwest University, 229 TaiBai North Road, Xi'an 710069, China
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Shaanxi, Northwest University, 229 TaiBai North Road, Xi'an 710069, China
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education. Faculty of Life Sciences, Northwest University, 229 Taibai North Road, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Fulin Chen
- Lab of Tissue Engineering, Faculty of Life Sciences, Northwest University, 229 TaiBai North Road, Xi'an 710069, China
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Shaanxi, Northwest University, 229 TaiBai North Road, Xi'an 710069, China
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education. Faculty of Life Sciences, Northwest University, 229 Taibai North Road, Xi'an 710069, China
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10
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Hu X, Xu Q, Wan H, Hu Y, Xing S, Yang H, Gao Y, He Z. PI3K-Akt-mTOR/PFKFB3 pathway mediated lung fibroblast aerobic glycolysis and collagen synthesis in lipopolysaccharide-induced pulmonary fibrosis. J Transl Med 2020; 100:801-811. [PMID: 32051533 DOI: 10.1038/s41374-020-0404-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Revised: 01/11/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic reprogramming plays a critical role in many diseases. A recent study revealed that aerobic glycolysis in lung tissue is closely related to pulmonary fibrosis, and also occurs during lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced sepsis. However, whether LPS induces aerobic glycolysis in lung fibroblasts remains unknown. The present study demonstrated that LPS promotes collagen synthesis in the lung fibroblasts through aerobic glycolysis via the activation of the PI3K-Akt-mTOR/PFKFB3 pathway. Challenging the human lung fibroblast MRC-5 cell line with LPS activated the PI3K-Akt-mTOR pathway, significantly upregulated the expression of 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2, 6-biphosphatase 3 (PFKFB3), enhanced the aerobic glycolysis, and promoted collagen synthesis. These phenomena could be reversed by the PI3K-Akt inhibitor LY294002, mTOR inhibitor rapamycin, PFKFB3 inhibitor 3PO, or PFKFB3 silencing by specific shRNA, or aerobic glycolysis inhibitor 2-DG. In addition, PFKFB3 expression and aerobic glycolysis were also detected in the mouse model of LPS-induced pulmonary fibrosis, which could be reversed by the intraperitoneal injection of PFKFB3 inhibitor 3PO. Taken together, this study revealed that in LPS-induced pulmonary fibrosis, LPS might mediate lung fibroblast aerobic glycolysis through the activation of the PI3K-Akt-mTOR/PFKFB3 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoting Hu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Qiaoyi Xu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Hanxi Wan
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Yue Hu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Shunpeng Xing
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Hao Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Yuan Gao
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200127, China.
| | - Zhengyu He
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200127, China.
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Zhao H, Li C, Li L, Liu J, Gao Y, Mu K, Chen D, Lu A, Ren Y, Li Z. Baicalin alleviates bleomycin‑induced pulmonary fibrosis and fibroblast proliferation in rats via the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Mol Med Rep 2020; 21:2321-2334. [PMID: 32323806 PMCID: PMC7185294 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2020.11046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2019] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Baicalin is an important flavonoid compound THAT is isolated from the Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi Chinese herb and plays a critical role in anti‑oxidative, anti‑inflammatory, anti‑infection and anti‑tumor functions. Although baicalin can suppress the proliferation of tumor cells, the underlying mechanisms of baicalin in bleomycin (BLM)‑induced pulmonary fibrosis remain to be elucidated. Thus, the aim of the present study was to determine the role of baicalin in pulmonary fibrosis and fibroblast proliferation in rats. Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) and Masson staining were used to measure the morphology of pulmonary fibrosis, ELIASA kits were used to test the ROS and inflammation, and western blotting and TUNEL were performed to study the apoptosis proteins. In vitro, MTT assay, flow cytometry, western blotting and immunofluorescence were performed to investigate the effects of baicalin on proliferation of fibroblasts. The most significantly fibrotic changes were identified in the lungs of model rats at day 28. Baicalin (50 mg/kg) attenuated the degree of pulmonary fibrosis, and the hydroxyproline content of the lung tissues was decreased in the baicalin group, compared with the BLM group. Further investigation revealed that baicalin significantly increased glutathione peroxidase (GSH‑px), total‑superoxide dismutase (T‑SOD) and glutathione (GSH) levels, whilst decreasing that of serum malondialdehyde (MDA). TUNEL‑positive cells were significantly decreased in rats treated with baicalin group, compared with the model group. Furthermore, it was found that BLM promoted fibroblasts viability in a dose‑dependent manner in vivo, which was restricted following treatment with different concentrations of baicalin. Moreover, BLM promoted the expression levels of cyclin A, D and E, proliferating cell nuclear antigen, phosphorylated (p)‑AKT and p‑calcium/calmodulin‑dependent protein kinase type. BLM also promoted the transition of cells from the G0/G1 phase to the G2/M and S phases, and increased the intracellular Ca2+ concentration, which was subsequently suppressed by baicalin. Collectively, the results of the present study suggested that baicalin exerted a suppressive effect on BLM‑induced pulmonary fibrosis and fibroblast proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Zhao
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
| | - Chundi Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Daqing, Heilongjiang 163316, P.R. China
| | - Lina Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Daqing, Heilongjiang 163316, P.R. China
| | - Junying Liu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Daqing, Heilongjiang 163316, P.R. China
| | - Yinghui Gao
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Daqing, Heilongjiang 163316, P.R. China
| | - Kun Mu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Daqing, Heilongjiang 163316, P.R. China
| | - Donghe Chen
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Daqing, Heilongjiang 163316, P.R. China
| | - Aiping Lu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Daqing, Heilongjiang 163316, P.R. China
| | - Yuanyuan Ren
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Daqing, Heilongjiang 163316, P.R. China
| | - Zhenhua Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
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12
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Overexpression of MALAT1 Relates to Lung Injury through Sponging miR-425 and Promoting Cell Apoptosis during ARDS. Can Respir J 2019; 2019:1871394. [PMID: 31871512 PMCID: PMC6913333 DOI: 10.1155/2019/1871394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2019] [Revised: 08/21/2019] [Accepted: 09/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a severe form of acute lung injury during which severe inflammatory responses induce cell apoptosis, necrosis, and fibrosis. Metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (MALAT1) is a multiple function long noncoding RNA that was found overexpressed during acute lung injury. However, the roles of MALAT1 in ARDS patients are still unknown. Methods Total RNA was extracted from the plasma, plasma exosome, and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from 65 ARDS patients and 36 healthy controls. The MALAT1 and six candidate miRNAs levels were detected by qRT-PCR. The interaction between MALAT1 and miR-425 was predicted using a bioinformatics tool and verified by dual luciferase assay. Exosomes from ARDS patients were cultured with A549 and HFL-1 cells to confirm the delivery of miR-425 by exosomes. Cell apoptosis and viability were determined by flow cytometry and MTT assay. Results We found MALAT1 was significantly increased in the ARDS patients' plasma and PBMCs. The MALAT1 level in PBMCs was negatively correlated with exosomal miR-425 level. MALAT1 interacted with miR-425 and protected phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) expression in A549 and HFL-1 cells. Exosomes from ARDS patients delivered less miR-425 into A549 and HFL-1 cells and induced cell apoptosis via upregulating PTEN. Conclusion This study identified increased MALAT1 and decreased miR-425 in ARDS patients and unveiled their roles during the pathogenesis of ARDS.
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13
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Lipopolysaccharide promotes lung fibroblast proliferation through autophagy inhibition via activation of the PI3K-Akt-mTOR pathway. J Transl Med 2019; 99:625-633. [PMID: 30760865 DOI: 10.1038/s41374-018-0160-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2017] [Revised: 10/05/2018] [Accepted: 10/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary fibrosis is a major cause of death in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Our previous study revealed that lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenge could lead to mouse lung fibroblast proliferation. Additionally, inhibition of autophagy in lung fibroblasts was also reported to be crucial during the process of pulmonary fibrosis. However, the correlation between proliferation and inhibition of autophagy of lung fibroblasts and the underlying mechanism remain unknown. In this study, we report that autophagy was inhibited in mouse lung fibroblasts after LPS challenge, and was accompanied by activation of the PI3K-Akt-mTOR signaling pathway. Treating mouse lung fibroblasts with LPS resulted in mTOR and Akt phosphorylation, p62 up-regulation, and significant down-regulation of autophagosomes, which could be reversed by PI3K-Akt inhibitors (Ly294002) or mTOR inhibitors (rapamycin, RAPA). Furthermore, either LPS or hydroxychloroquine (HCQ), an autophagy inhibitor, could promote mouse lung fibroblast proliferation, which could be reversed by RAPA application. The present research therefore reveals that LPS promotes lung fibroblast proliferation through autophagy inhibition via activation of the PI3K-Akt-mTOR pathway.
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Li L, Li Q, Wei L, Wang Z, Ma W, Liu F, Shen Y, Zhang S, Zhang X, Li H, Qian Y. Chemokine (C‐X‐C motif) ligand 14 contributes to lipopolysaccharide‐induced fibrogenesis in mouse L929 fibroblasts via modulating PPM1A. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:13372-13381. [PMID: 30920024 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.28612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2018] [Revised: 01/13/2019] [Accepted: 01/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Li Li
- Department of Respiratory Disease Baoshan District Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Shanghai China
| | - Qiuhong Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University Shanghai China
| | - Lei Wei
- Department of Respiratory Disease Baoshan District Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Shanghai China
| | - Zhongfu Wang
- Department of Respiratory Disease Baoshan District Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Shanghai China
| | - Wei Ma
- Department of Respiratory Disease Baoshan District Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Shanghai China
| | - Fangying Liu
- Department of Respiratory Disease Baoshan District Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Shanghai China
| | - Yanhua Shen
- Department of Respiratory Disease Baoshan District Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Shanghai China
| | - Shanfang Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Disease Baoshan District Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Shanghai China
| | - Xiulian Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Disease Baoshan District Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Shanghai China
| | - Huiping Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University Shanghai China
| | - Yechang Qian
- Department of Respiratory Disease Baoshan District Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Shanghai China
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15
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Pan W, Xu HW, Hao WT, Sun FF, Qin YF, Hao SS, Liu H, Cao JP, Shen YJ, Zheng KY. The excretory-secretory products of Echinococcus granulosus protoscoleces stimulated IL-10 production in B cells via TLR-2 signaling. BMC Immunol 2018; 19:29. [PMID: 30355335 PMCID: PMC6201587 DOI: 10.1186/s12865-018-0267-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2018] [Accepted: 10/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Excretory-secretory products released by Echinococcus granulosus protoscoleces (EgPSC-ESPs) are well-known to regulate T cell responses. However, their direct influence on the differentiation of B cell subsets remains largely elusive. This study investigated the effects of EgPSC-ESPs on the differentiation of IL-10-producing B cells (B10), and explored the possible role of Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR-2) signaling in this process. Results In comparison to phosphate buffered saline (PBS), B cells exposed to the excretory–secretory products (ESPs) generated higher percentages of B10 cells, with higher expression of IL-10 mRNA, and larger amount of IL-10 production, which were in a dose dependent way. The mRNA and protein expression of TLR-2 in the ESPs-stimulated B cells were significantly higher than those in PBS, which was consistent to the results in B cells isolated from EgPSC infected mice. Moreover, TLR-2−/− B cells in response to ESPs stimulation expressed lower levels of IL-10 mRNA and produced undetectable IL-10 in comparison to those in normal B cells. In addition, Phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome ten/AKT/Phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase (PTEN/AKT/PI3K) pathway was activated in ESPs-treated B cells, which was also dependent on TLR-2 signaling. Pam3CSK4, the agonist of TLR-2, could mock the effects of ESPs on the expression of PTEN, AKT and PI3K. Conclusion Overall, this study revealed that TLR-2 signaling was required for B10 induction mediated by EgPSC-ESPs, which might be an immunomodulatory target against the parasite infection. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12865-018-0267-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Pan
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention; Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, Ministry of Health, Shanghai, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, China.,National Demonstration Center for Experimental Basic Medical Science Education (Xuzhou Medical University), Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Hui-Wen Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, China.,National Demonstration Center for Experimental Basic Medical Science Education (Xuzhou Medical University), Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, China.,Faculty of Clinical Medicine, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Wen-Ting Hao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Fen-Fen Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, China.,National Demonstration Center for Experimental Basic Medical Science Education (Xuzhou Medical University), Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yan-Fang Qin
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Shan-Shan Hao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Hua Liu
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention; Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, Ministry of Health, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian-Ping Cao
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention; Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, Ministry of Health, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu-Juan Shen
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention; Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, Ministry of Health, Shanghai, China.
| | - Kui-Yang Zheng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, China. .,National Demonstration Center for Experimental Basic Medical Science Education (Xuzhou Medical University), Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, China.
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16
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Sisti F, Wang S, Brandt SL, Glosson-Byers N, Mayo LD, Son YM, Sturgeon S, Filgueiras L, Jancar S, Wong H, Dela Cruz CS, Andrews N, Alves-Filho JC, Cunha FQ, Serezani CH. Nuclear PTEN enhances the maturation of a microRNA regulon to limit MyD88-dependent susceptibility to sepsis. Sci Signal 2018; 11:11/528/eaai9085. [PMID: 29717063 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.aai9085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Sepsis-induced organ damage is caused by systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS), which results in substantial comorbidities. Therefore, it is of medical importance to identify molecular brakes that can be exploited to dampen inflammation and prevent the development of SIRS. We investigated the role of phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) in suppressing SIRS, increasing microbial clearance, and preventing lung damage. Septic patients and mice with sepsis exhibited increased PTEN expression in leukocytes. Myeloid-specific Pten deletion in an animal model of sepsis increased bacterial loads and cytokine production, which depended on enhanced myeloid differentiation primary response gene 88 (MyD88) abundance and resulted in mortality. PTEN-mediated induction of the microRNAs (miRNAs) miR125b and miR203b reduced the abundance of MyD88. Loss- and gain-of-function assays demonstrated that PTEN induced miRNA production by associating with and facilitating the nuclear localization of Drosha-Dgcr8, part of the miRNA-processing complex. Reconstitution of PTEN-deficient mouse embryonic fibroblasts with a mutant form of PTEN that does not localize to the nucleus resulted in retention of Drosha-Dgcr8 in the cytoplasm and impaired production of mature miRNAs. Thus, we identified a regulatory pathway involving nuclear PTEN-mediated miRNA generation that limits the production of MyD88 and thereby limits sepsis-associated mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flavia Sisti
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Soujuan Wang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Stephanie L Brandt
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.,Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Nicole Glosson-Byers
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Lindsey D Mayo
- Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Departments of Pediatrics and Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Young Min Son
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Sarah Sturgeon
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Luciano Filgueiras
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.,Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Sonia Jancar
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Hector Wong
- Division of Critical Care Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center and Cincinnati Children's Hospital Research Foundation, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Charles S Dela Cruz
- Section of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Nathaniel Andrews
- Section of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Jose Carlos Alves-Filho
- Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto 14049-900, Brazil
| | - Fernando Q Cunha
- Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto 14049-900, Brazil
| | - C Henrique Serezani
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA. .,Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
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17
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Xiao H, Zhang GF, Liao XP, Li XJ, Zhang J, Lin H, Chen Z, Zhang X. Anti-fibrotic effects of pirfenidone by interference with the hedgehog signalling pathway in patients with systemic sclerosis-associated interstitial lung disease. Int J Rheum Dis 2018; 21:477-486. [PMID: 29316328 DOI: 10.1111/1756-185x.13247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
AIM To determine whether pirfenidone attenuates lung fibrosis by interfering with the hedgehog (Hh) signalling pathway in patients with systemic sclerosis-associated interstitial lung disease (SSc-ILD). METHODS Twenty-five SSc-ILD patients (20 first visit, five who underwent pirfenidone treatment for 6 months) and 10 healthy controls were recruited. Lung tissues were obtained by open-chest surgery, and primary lung fibroblasts were isolated, cultured and stimulated with pirfenidone. The levels of the proteins glioma-associated oncogene 1 (GLI1), suppressor of fused (Sufu), α-smooth muscle actin, and fibronectin in lung tissues or fibroblasts were determined by Western blotting. The messenger RNA levels of GLI1, glioma-associated oncogene 2, protein patched homolog 1, and Sufu in lung tissues or fibroblasts were determined by quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction. Meanwhile, the levels of phosphorylation glycogen synthase kinasep-3β (pGSK-3β), phosphorylation SMAD2 (pSMAD2), and phosphorylation c-Jun N-terminal kinase (pJNK) in fibroblasts were determined by Western blotting. RESULTS Hh pathway activation was increased in the lung tissue of SSc-ILD patients and was decreased by pirfenidone, Sufu was upregulated in lung fibroblasts isolated from SSc-ILD patients after pirfenidone challenge, and pirfenidone inhibited the phosphorylation of GSK-3β signalling. CONCLUSION Pirfenidone has anti-fibrotic effects in SSc-ILD patients by interfering with both the Hh signalling pathway and the GSK-3β signalling pathway via the regulation of Sufu expression. These results might promote its use in other Hh driven lung diseases such as idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and especially the interstitial lung disease associated with connective tissue diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Xiao
- Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Rheumatology, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Rheumatology, The First Peoples' Hospital of Chenzhou, Hunan, China
| | - Guang-Feng Zhang
- Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Rheumatology, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiang-Ping Liao
- Department of Rheumatology, The First Peoples' Hospital of Chenzhou, Hunan, China
| | - Xiao-Jie Li
- Department of Pathology, The First Peoples' Hospital of Chenzhou, Hunan, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Statistics of Translational Medicine Institute, National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for High-Through Molecular Diagnosis Technology, The First Peoples' Hospital of Chenzhou, Hunan, China
| | - Haobo Lin
- Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Rheumatology, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhe Chen
- Department of Rheumatology, The First Peoples' Hospital of Chenzhou, Hunan, China
| | - Xiao Zhang
- Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Rheumatology, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
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18
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Genetic Variation and Gene Expression Levels of Tight Junction Genes Indicates Relationships Between PTEN as well as MAGI1 and Microscopic Colitis. Dig Dis Sci 2018; 63:105-112. [PMID: 29204743 PMCID: PMC5760589 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-017-4857-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2017] [Accepted: 11/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Microscopic colitis (MC) has been associated with increased paracellular permeability. Therefore, we aimed to investigate potential associations between MC and several genes encoding tight junction (TJ) proteins reported to interact with each other. METHODS The association between MC and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP; n = 63) within TJ genes (F11R, MAGI1, MAGI2, MAGI3, PARD3, PTEN, and TJP1) were investigated in a case-control study (n MC patients = 104 and n controls = 423). The genes that exhibited an association with MC were further investigated for gene expression related to genotype, MC phenotype, and gender using colonic biopsies from MC patients (n = 25) and controls (n = 58). RESULTS Based on the number of investigated genes and after correction for multiple testing, an association was detected between a SNP marker in PTEN (rs1234224) and both MC overall (OR = 1.70, 95% CI 1.23-2.34, p = 0.001) and collagenous colitis (CC; OR = 1.79, 95% CI 1.22-2.62, p = 0.003). Further, SNP markers in MAGI1 (rs17417230) and F11R (rs790055) were associated with MC overall (OR = 1.58, 95% CI 1.14-2.19, p = 0.006) and with CC (OR = 2.58, 95% CI 1.27-5.25, p = 0.007), respectively. However, none of the associated SNPs contributed markedly to the expression of the respective genes. Nonetheless, decreased MAGI1 (p = 3.47 × 10-4) and PTEN (p = 0.004) expression was associated with lymphocytic colitis (LC) and CC, respectively, compared to controls. CONCLUSIONS Decreased expression of PTEN and MAGI1 in the colonic mucosa might contribute to the pathogenesis of MC and its sub-phenotypes. Furthermore, our study indicates that genetic variants of TJ components are predisposing factors in the etiology of MC. Finally, F11R, MAGI1, and PTEN are new candidate genes that exhibit an association with MC.
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19
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Zhang Y, Zhao S, Wu D, Liu X, Shi M, Wang Y, Zhang F, Ding J, Xiao Y, Guo B. MicroRNA-22 Promotes Renal Tubulointerstitial Fibrosis by Targeting PTEN and Suppressing Autophagy in Diabetic Nephropathy. J Diabetes Res 2018; 2018:4728645. [PMID: 29850604 PMCID: PMC5903315 DOI: 10.1155/2018/4728645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2017] [Revised: 01/03/2018] [Accepted: 01/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis (TIF) is a major feature of diabetic nephropathy (DN). There is increasing evidence demonstrating that microRNAs act as key players in the regulation of autophagy and are involved in DN. However, the exact link among microRNAs, autophagy, and TIF in DN is largely unknown. In this study, our results showed that TIF was observed in DN rats together with obvious autophagy suppression. Moreover, microRNA-22 (miR-22) was upregulated and associated with reduced expression of its target gene phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) in both the kidneys of DN rats and high glucose-cultured NRK-52E cells. Intriguingly, induction of autophagy by rapamycin antagonized high glucose-induced collagen IV (Col IV) and α-SMA expression. In addition, ectopic expression of miR-22 suppressed autophagic flux and induced the expression of Col IV and α-SMA, whereas the inhibition of endogenous miR-22 effectively relieved high glucose-induced autophagy suppression and the expression of Col IV and α-SMA in NRK-52E cells. Overexpression of PTEN protectively antagonized high glucose- and miR-22-induced autophagy suppression and the expression of Col IV. Therefore, our findings indicated that miR-22 may promote TIF by suppressing autophagy partially via targeting PTEN and represents a novel and promising therapeutic target for DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China
- Laboratory of Pathogenesis Research, Drug Prevention and Treatment of Major Diseases, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China
| | - Siqi Zhao
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China
- Laboratory of Pathogenesis Research, Drug Prevention and Treatment of Major Diseases, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China
| | - Depei Wu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China
- Laboratory of Pathogenesis Research, Drug Prevention and Treatment of Major Diseases, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China
| | - Xingmei Liu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China
- Laboratory of Pathogenesis Research, Drug Prevention and Treatment of Major Diseases, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China
| | - Mingjun Shi
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China
- Laboratory of Pathogenesis Research, Drug Prevention and Treatment of Major Diseases, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China
| | - Yuanyuan Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China
- Laboratory of Pathogenesis Research, Drug Prevention and Treatment of Major Diseases, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China
- Laboratory of Pathogenesis Research, Drug Prevention and Treatment of Major Diseases, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China
| | - Jing Ding
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China
- Laboratory of Pathogenesis Research, Drug Prevention and Treatment of Major Diseases, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China
| | - Ying Xiao
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China
- Laboratory of Pathogenesis Research, Drug Prevention and Treatment of Major Diseases, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China
| | - Bing Guo
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China
- Laboratory of Pathogenesis Research, Drug Prevention and Treatment of Major Diseases, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China
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20
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Nagahara H, Seno T, Yamamoto A, Obayashi H, Inoue T, Kida T, Nakabayashi A, Kukida Y, Fujioka K, Fujii W, Murakami K, Kohno M, Kawahito Y. Role of allograft inflammatory factor-1 in bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017; 495:1901-1907. [PMID: 29225172 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.12.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2017] [Accepted: 12/06/2017] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Allograft inflammatory factor-1 (AIF-1) is a protein expressed by macrophages infiltrating the area around the coronary arteries in a rat ectopic cardiac allograft model. We previously reported that AIF-1 is associated with the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis and skin fibrosis in sclerodermatous graft-versus-host disease mice. Here, we used an animal model of bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis to analyze the expression of AIF-1 and examine its function in lung fibrosis. The results showed that AIF-1 was expressed on lung tissues, specifically macrophages, from mice with bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis. Recombinant AIF-1 increased the production of TGF-β which plays crucial roles in the mechanism of fibrosis by mouse macrophage cell line RAW264.7. Recombinant AIF-1 also increased both the proliferation and migration of lung fibroblasts compared with control group. These results suggest that AIF-1 plays an important role in the mechanism underlying lung fibrosis, and may provide an attractive new therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hidetake Nagahara
- Inflammation and Immunology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takahiro Seno
- Inflammation and Immunology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Aihiro Yamamoto
- Inflammation and Immunology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | | | - Takuya Inoue
- Inflammation and Immunology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takashi Kida
- Inflammation and Immunology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Amane Nakabayashi
- Inflammation and Immunology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yuji Kukida
- Inflammation and Immunology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kazuki Fujioka
- Inflammation and Immunology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Wataru Fujii
- Inflammation and Immunology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Ken Murakami
- Inflammation and Immunology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Masataka Kohno
- Inflammation and Immunology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yutaka Kawahito
- Inflammation and Immunology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.
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Inhibition of PTEN Attenuates Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Apoptosis via Activation of PI3K/AKT Pathway in Alzheimer’s Disease. Neurochem Res 2017; 42:3052-3060. [DOI: 10.1007/s11064-017-2338-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2016] [Revised: 06/14/2017] [Accepted: 06/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Guo X, Yang Y, Liu L, Liu X, Xu J, Wu K, Yu M. Pirfenidone Induces G1 Arrest in Human Tenon's Fibroblasts In Vitro Involving AKT and MAPK Signaling Pathways. J Ocul Pharmacol Ther 2017; 33:366-374. [PMID: 28537766 DOI: 10.1089/jop.2016.0107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the underlying mechanism by which pirfenidone blocks the transition from the G1 to S phase in primary human Tenon's fibroblasts. METHODS Primary human Tenon's fibroblasts were characterized by immunocytofluorescence staining with vimentin, fibroblast surface protein, and cytokeratin. After treating Tenon's fibroblasts with pirfenidone under proliferation conditions (10% fetal bovine serum), cell proliferation was measured using a WST-1 assay. Progression through the cell cycle was analyzed by flow cytometry. The expression of CDK2, CDK6, cyclinD1, cyclinD3, and cyclinE and the phosphorylation of AKT, ERK1/2/MAPK, JNK/MAPK, and p38 MAPK were estimated using western blot analysis. RESULTS Under proliferative conditions, pirfenidone inhibited Tenon's fibroblasts proliferation and arrested the cell cycle at the G1 phase; decreased the phosphorylation of AKT, GSK3β, ERK1/2/MAPK, and JNK/MAPK; increased the phosphorylation of p38 MAPK; and inhibited CDK2, CDK6, cyclin D1, cyclin D3, and cyclin E in a dose-dependent manner. Inhibitors of AKT (LY294002), ERK1/2 (U0126), and JNK (SP600125) arrested the G1/S transition, similar to the effect of pirfenidone. The p38 inhibitor (SB202190) decreased the G1-blocking effect of pirfenidone. The expression of CDK2, CDK6, cyclin D1, and cyclin D3 were inhibited by LY294002, U0126, and SP600125. SB202190 attenuated the pirfenidone-induced reduction of CDK2, CDK6, cyclin D1, cyclin D3, and cyclin E. CONCLUSIONS Pirfenidone inhibited HTFs proliferation and induced G1 arrest by downregulating CDKs and cyclins involving the AKT/GSK3β and MAPK signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiujuan Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou, China
| | - Yangfan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou, China
| | - Liling Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiangang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou, China
| | - Kaili Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou, China
| | - Minbin Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou, China
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23
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Luo SW, Wang WN, Xie RC, Xie FX, Kong JR, Xiao YC, Huang D, Sun ZM, Liu Y, Wang C. Molecular cloning and characterization of PTEN in the orange-spotted grouper (Epinephelus coioides). FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2016; 58:686-700. [PMID: 27725262 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2016.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2016] [Revised: 09/28/2016] [Accepted: 10/06/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
PTEN is a key tumor suppressor gene that can play a regulatory role in the cellular proliferation, survival and apoptosis. In this study, the full-length PTEN (EcPTEN) was obtained, containing a 5'UTR of 745 bp, an ORF of 1269 bp and a 3'UTR of 106 bp. The EcPTEN gene encoded a polypeptide of 422 amino acids with an estimated molecular mass of 49.14 KDa and a predicted isoelectric point (pI) of 6.34. The deduced amino acid sequence analysis showed that EcPTEN comprised the conserved residues and the characteristic domains known to the critical functionality of PTEN. qRT-PCR analysis revealed that EcPTEN mRNA was broadly expressed in all the examined tissues, while the highest expression level was observed in liver, followed by the expression in blood, kidney, spleen, heart, gill, muscle and intestine. The groupers challenged with Vibrio alginolyticus showed a sharp increase of EcPTEN mRNA expression in immune tissues. In addition, western blotting analysis confirmed that the up-regulation of EcPTEN protein expression was steadily induced in liver. Subcellular localization analysis indicated that EcPTEN was localized in both nucleus and cytoplasm. Overexpression of EcPTEN can activate the apoptotic cascade and abrogate NF-kB, AP-1, Stat3 and Myc promoter activity in Hela cells. These results indicated that EcPTEN harboring highly-conserved domains with a close sequence similarity to those of PTP superfamily may disrupt the mammalian signalings and play a regulatory role in the apoptotic process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Wei Luo
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environmental Science in Guangdong Higher Education, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, PR China
| | - Wei-Na Wang
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environmental Science in Guangdong Higher Education, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, PR China.
| | - Ren-Chong Xie
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environmental Science in Guangdong Higher Education, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, PR China
| | - Fu-Xing Xie
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environmental Science in Guangdong Higher Education, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, PR China
| | - Jing-Rong Kong
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environmental Science in Guangdong Higher Education, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, PR China
| | - Yu-Chao Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environmental Science in Guangdong Higher Education, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, PR China
| | - Di Huang
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environmental Science in Guangdong Higher Education, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, PR China
| | - Zuo-Ming Sun
- Division of Immunology, Beckman Research Institute of the City of Hope, Duarte, CA, 91010, Dominican Republic
| | - Yuan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environmental Science in Guangdong Higher Education, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, PR China
| | - Cong Wang
- Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding 071001, PR China
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24
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Nagahara H, Yamamoto A, Seno T, Obayashi H, Kida T, Nakabayashi A, Kukida Y, Fujioka K, Fujii W, Murakami K, Kohno M, Kawahito Y. Allograft inflammatory factor-1 in the pathogenesis of bleomycin-induced acute lung injury. Biosci Trends 2016; 10:47-53. [PMID: 26911661 DOI: 10.5582/bst.2016.01027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Allograft inflammatory factor-1 (AIF-1) is a protein expressed by macrophages infiltrating the area around the coronary arteries of rats with an ectopic cardiac allograft. Some studies have shown that expression of AIF-1 increased in a mouse model of trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid-induced acute colitis and in acute cellular rejection of human cardiac allografts. These results suggest that AIF-1 is related to acute inflammation. The current study used bleomycin-induced acute lung injury to analyze the expression of AIF-1 and to examine its function in acute lung injury. Results showed that AIF-1 was significantly expressed in lung macrophages and increased in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from mice with bleomycin-induced acute lung injury in comparison to control mice. Recombinant AIF-1 increased the production of IL-6 and TNF-α from RAW264.7 (a mouse macrophage cell line) and primary lung fibroblasts, and it also increased the production of KC (CXCL1) from lung fibroblasts. These results suggest that AIF-1 plays an important role in the mechanism underlying acute lung injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hidetake Nagahara
- Inflammation and Immunology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine
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25
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Xi ZD, Xie CY, Xi YB. Macrophage migration inhibitory factor enhances lipopolysaccharide-induced fibroblast proliferation by inducing toll-like receptor 4. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2016; 17:43. [PMID: 26813112 PMCID: PMC4728926 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-016-0895-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2015] [Accepted: 01/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fibroblast proliferation is a common manifestation of chronic inflammatory diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis (RA), Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, etc. To alleviate patient suffering, the mechanism underlying fibroblast proliferation should be elucidated. METHODS CCK-8 assay was used to assess the stimulatory effect of LPS and macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) on fibroblast proliferation. Then, TLR4 expression on fibroblast cell membrane was carried out by confocal scanning microscopy. Finally, real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR and flow cytometry were applied to determine the expression of TLR4 after MIF challenge. RESULTS LPS alone directly stimulated the fibroblast proliferation. In addition, MIF showed co-stimulatory effect on LPS-induced fibroblast proliferation. Interestingly, fibroblast overtly expressed TLR4 without stimulation. After MIF stimulation, real-time PCR showed TLR4 mRNA levels were increased by about 33% in the fibroblasts; in agreement, TLR4 expression on the fibroblast membrane was increased by about 20%, as shown by flow cytometry. CONCLUSIONS These findings indicated MIF elevates TLR4 expression in fibroblast, enhancing LPS-induced cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng-de Xi
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Room 905, Building 5, 280 South Shanghai Chongqing Road, Shanghai, 200025, China.
| | - Chang-Yi Xie
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Room 905, Building 5, 280 South Shanghai Chongqing Road, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Ye-Bin Xi
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Room 905, Building 5, 280 South Shanghai Chongqing Road, Shanghai, 200025, China
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26
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Kulkarni YM, Dutta S, Iyer AKV, Venkatadri R, Kaushik V, Ramesh V, Wright CA, Semmes OJ, Yakisich JS, Azad N. A proteomics approach to identifying key protein targets involved in VEGF inhibitor mediated attenuation of bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis. Proteomics 2015; 16:33-46. [PMID: 26425798 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201500171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2015] [Revised: 08/07/2015] [Accepted: 09/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive lung disease with a life expectancy of less than 5 years post diagnosis for most patients. Poor molecular characterization of IPF has led to insufficient understanding of the pathogenesis of the disease, resulting in lack of effective therapies. In this study, we have integrated a label-free LC-MS based approach with systems biology to identify signaling pathways and regulatory nodes within protein interaction networks that govern phenotypic changes that may lead to IPF. Ingenuity Pathway Analysis of proteins modulated in response to bleomycin treatment identified PI3K/Akt and Wnt signaling as the most significant profibrotic pathways. Similar analysis of proteins modulated in response to vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) inhibitor (CBO-P11) treatment identified natural killer cell signaling and PTEN signaling as the most significant antifibrotic pathways. Mechanistic/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) were identified to be key mediators of pro- and antifibrotic response, where bleomycin (BLM) treatment resulted in increased expression and VEGF inhibitor treatment attenuated expression of mTOR and ERK. Using a BLM mouse model of pulmonary fibrosis and VEGF inhibitor CBO-P11 as a therapeutic measure, we identified a comprehensive set of signaling pathways and proteins that contribute to the pathogenesis of pulmonary fibrosis that can be targeted for therapy against this fatal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yogesh M Kulkarni
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Hampton University, Hampton, VA, USA
| | - Sucharita Dutta
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Cell Biology, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, VA, USA.,Leroy T. Canoles Jr, Cancer Research Center, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, VA, USA
| | - Anand Krishnan V Iyer
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Hampton University, Hampton, VA, USA
| | - Rajkumar Venkatadri
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Hampton University, Hampton, VA, USA
| | - Vivek Kaushik
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Hampton University, Hampton, VA, USA
| | - Vani Ramesh
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Jones Institute for Reproductive Medicine, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, VA, USA
| | - Clayton A Wright
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Hampton University, Hampton, VA, USA
| | - Oliver John Semmes
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Cell Biology, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, VA, USA.,Leroy T. Canoles Jr, Cancer Research Center, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, VA, USA
| | - Juan S Yakisich
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Hampton University, Hampton, VA, USA
| | - Neelam Azad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Hampton University, Hampton, VA, USA
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HDAC is essential for epigenetic regulation of Thy-1 gene expression during LPS/TLR4-mediated proliferation of lung fibroblasts. J Transl Med 2015; 95:1105-16. [PMID: 26214583 DOI: 10.1038/labinvest.2015.97] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2014] [Revised: 06/05/2015] [Accepted: 06/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced proliferation of lung fibroblasts is closely correlated with loss of gene expression of thymocyte differentiation antigen-1 (Thy-1), accompanied with deacetylation of histones H3 and H4 at the Thy-1 gene promoter region; however, the mechanism remains enigmatic. We report here that LPS downregulates Thy-1 gene expression by activating histone deacetylases (HDACs) via Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) signaling. Treatment of primary cultured mouse lung fibroblasts with LPS resulted in significant upregulation of TLR4 and enhanced cell proliferation that was abolished by silencing TLR4 with lentivirus-delivered TLR4 shRNA. Interestingly, LPS increased the mRNA and protein levels of HDAC-4, -5, and -7, an effect that was abrogated by HDAC inhibitor trichostatin A (TSA) or TLR4-shRNA-lentivirus. Consistent with these findings, Ace-H3 and Ace-H4 were decreased by LPS that was prevented by TSA. Most importantly, chromosome immunoprecipitation (ChIP) analysis demonstrated that LPS decreased the association of Ace-H4 at the Thy-1 promoter region that was efficiently restored by pretreatment with TSA. Accordingly, LPS decreased the mRNA and protein levels of Thy-1 that was inhibited by TSA. Furthermore, silencing the Thy-1 gene by lentivirus-delivered Thy-1 shRNA could promote lung fibroblast proliferation, even in the absence of LPS. Conversely, overexpressing Thy-1 gene could inhibit lung fibroblast proliferation and reduce LPS-induced lung fibroblast proliferation. Our data suggest that LPS upregulates and activates HDACs through TLR4, resulting in deacetylation of histones H3 and H4 at the Thy-1 gene promoter that may contribute to Thy-1 gene silencing and lung fibroblast proliferation.
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28
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Sosulski ML, Gongora R, Danchuk S, Dong C, Luo F, Sanchez CG. Deregulation of selective autophagy during aging and pulmonary fibrosis: the role of TGFβ1. Aging Cell 2015; 14:774-83. [PMID: 26059457 PMCID: PMC4568965 DOI: 10.1111/acel.12357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/10/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging constitutes a significant risk factor for fibrosis, and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is characteristically associated with advancing age. We propose that age-dependent defects in the quality of protein and cellular organelle catabolism may be causally related to pulmonary fibrosis. Our research found that autophagy diminished with corresponding elevated levels of oxidized proteins and lipofuscin in response to lung injury in old mice and middle-aged mice compared to younger animals. More importantly, older mice expose to lung injury are characterized by deficient autophagic response and reduced selective targeting of mitochondria for autophagy (mitophagy). Fibroblast to myofibroblast differentiation (FMD) is an important feature of pulmonary fibrosis in which the profibrotic cytokine TGFβ1 plays a pivotal role. Promotion of autophagy is necessary and sufficient to maintain normal lung fibroblasts’ fate. On the contrary, FMD mediated by TGFβ1 is characterized by reduced autophagy flux, altered mitophagy, and defects in mitochondrial function. In accord with these findings, PINK1 expression appeared to be reduced in fibrotic lung tissue from bleomycin and a TGFβ1-adenoviral model of lung fibrosis. PINK1 expression is also reduced in the aging murine lung and biopsies from IPF patients compared to controls. Furthermore, deficient PINK1 promotes a profibrotic environment. Collectively, this study indicates that an age-related decline in autophagy and mitophagy responses to lung injury may contribute to the promotion and/or perpetuation of pulmonary fibrosis. We propose that promotion of autophagy and mitochondrial quality control may offer an intervention against age-related fibrotic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meredith L. Sosulski
- Department of Medicine Division of Pulmonary Diseases, Critical Care and Environmental Medicine Tulane University Health Sciences Center New Orleans LA 70112USA
| | - Rafael Gongora
- Department of Medicine Division of Pulmonary Diseases, Critical Care and Environmental Medicine Tulane University Health Sciences Center New Orleans LA 70112USA
| | - Svitlana Danchuk
- Department of Medicine Division of Pulmonary Diseases, Critical Care and Environmental Medicine Tulane University Health Sciences Center New Orleans LA 70112USA
| | - Chunmin Dong
- Department of Medicine Division of Pulmonary Diseases, Critical Care and Environmental Medicine Tulane University Health Sciences Center New Orleans LA 70112USA
| | - Fayong Luo
- Department of Medicine Division of Pulmonary Diseases, Critical Care and Environmental Medicine Tulane University Health Sciences Center New Orleans LA 70112USA
| | - Cecilia G. Sanchez
- Department of Medicine Division of Pulmonary Diseases, Critical Care and Environmental Medicine Tulane University Health Sciences Center New Orleans LA 70112USA
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Opposing roles of miR-21 and miR-29 in the progression of fibrosis in Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2015; 1852:1451-64. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2015.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2014] [Revised: 03/30/2015] [Accepted: 04/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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30
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Li W, Xu Q, Deng Y, Yang Z, Xing S, Zhao X, Zhu P, Wang X, He Z, Gao Y. High-mobility group box 1 accelerates lipopolysaccharide-induced lung fibroblast proliferation in vitro: involvement of the NF-κB signaling pathway. J Transl Med 2015; 95:635-47. [PMID: 25867768 DOI: 10.1038/labinvest.2015.44] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2014] [Revised: 02/23/2015] [Accepted: 02/24/2015] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The mechanism underlying lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced aberrant proliferation of lung fibroblasts in Gram-negative bacilli-associated pulmonary fibrosis is unknown. High-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is a ubiquitous nuclear protein that is released from the nuclei of lung fibroblasts after LPS stimulation. It can exasperate LPS-induced inflammation and hasten cell proliferation. Thus, this study investigated the effects of LPS- and/or HMGB1-stimulating murine lung fibroblasts on gene expression using various assays in vitro. Thiazolyl-diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay data showed that either LPS or HMGB1 could induce lung fibroblast proliferation. Endogenous HMGB1 secreted from lung fibroblasts was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) 48 h after LPS stimulation. Pretreatment with an anti-HMGB1 antibody inhibited the proliferative effects of LPS on lung fibroblasts. DNA microarray data showed that the NF-κB signaling genes were upregulated in cells after stimulated with LPS, HMGB1, or both. Secretion of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and MMP-9, and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 2 (TIMP-2) was significantly upregulated after treatment with LPS, HMGB1, or their combination. However, an NF-κB inhibitor was able to downregulate levels of these proteins. In addition, levels of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2), and receptors for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) mRNA and proteins were also upregulated in these cells after LPS treatment and further upregulated by LPS plus HMGB1. In conclusion, the data from the current study demonstrate that LPS-induced lung fibroblast secretion of endogenous HMGB1 can augment the proproliferative effects of LPS and, therefore, may play a key role in exacerbation of pulmonary fibrosis. The underlying molecular mechanisms are related to the activation of the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway and its downstream targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Li
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiaoyi Xu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuxiao Deng
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhongwei Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shunpeng Xing
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xianyuan Zhao
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ping Zhu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiangrui Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhengyu He
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuan Gao
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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Yaswen P, MacKenzie KL, Keith WN, Hentosh P, Rodier F, Zhu J, Firestone GL, Matheu A, Carnero A, Bilsland A, Sundin T, Honoki K, Fujii H, Georgakilas AG, Amedei A, Amin A, Helferich B, Boosani CS, Guha G, Ciriolo MR, Chen S, Mohammed SI, Azmi AS, Bhakta D, Halicka D, Niccolai E, Aquilano K, Ashraf SS, Nowsheen S, Yang X. Therapeutic targeting of replicative immortality. Semin Cancer Biol 2015; 35 Suppl:S104-S128. [PMID: 25869441 PMCID: PMC4600408 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2015.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2014] [Revised: 03/06/2015] [Accepted: 03/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
One of the hallmarks of malignant cell populations is the ability to undergo continuous proliferation. This property allows clonal lineages to acquire sequential aberrations that can fuel increasingly autonomous growth, invasiveness, and therapeutic resistance. Innate cellular mechanisms have evolved to regulate replicative potential as a hedge against malignant progression. When activated in the absence of normal terminal differentiation cues, these mechanisms can result in a state of persistent cytostasis. This state, termed “senescence,” can be triggered by intrinsic cellular processes such as telomere dysfunction and oncogene expression, and by exogenous factors such as DNA damaging agents or oxidative environments. Despite differences in upstream signaling, senescence often involves convergent interdependent activation of tumor suppressors p53 and p16/pRB, but can be induced, albeit with reduced sensitivity, when these suppressors are compromised. Doses of conventional genotoxic drugs required to achieve cancer cell senescence are often much lower than doses required to achieve outright cell death. Additional therapies, such as those targeting cyclin dependent kinases or components of the PI3K signaling pathway, may induce senescence specifically in cancer cells by circumventing defects in tumor suppressor pathways or exploiting cancer cells’ heightened requirements for telomerase. Such treatments sufficient to induce cancer cell senescence could provide increased patient survival with fewer and less severe side effects than conventional cytotoxic regimens. This positive aspect is countered by important caveats regarding senescence reversibility, genomic instability, and paracrine effects that may increase heterogeneity and adaptive resistance of surviving cancer cells. Nevertheless, agents that effectively disrupt replicative immortality will likely be valuable components of new combinatorial approaches to cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Yaswen
- Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Berkeley, CA, United States.
| | - Karen L MacKenzie
- Children's Cancer Institute Australia, Kensington, New South Wales, Australia.
| | | | | | | | - Jiyue Zhu
- Washington State University College of Pharmacy, Pullman, WA, United States.
| | | | | | - Amancio Carnero
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, HUVR, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas, Universdad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Amr Amin
- United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates; Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Bill Helferich
- University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, Champaign, IL, United States
| | | | - Gunjan Guha
- SASTRA University, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Sophie Chen
- Ovarian and Prostate Cancer Research Trust, Guildford, Surrey, United Kingdom
| | | | - Asfar S Azmi
- Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States
| | | | | | | | | | - S Salman Ashraf
- United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates; Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Xujuan Yang
- University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, Champaign, IL, United States
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