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Salas García A, Atkinson L, McCann T, Bazelle J. Prevalence of respiratory signs in dogs with chronic gastroenteropathy in a referral population in the United Kingdom: 42 cases (2020). J Small Anim Pract 2024. [PMID: 39223988 DOI: 10.1111/jsap.13779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2024] [Accepted: 08/07/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine the prevalence of respiratory signs in a referral population of dogs with chronic gastroenteropathy in the United Kingdom, and to describe the epidemiology and clinical presentation of the affected dogs. MATERIALS AND METHODS Retrospective review of canine patients diagnosed with chronic gastroenteropathy in a referral centre in the United Kingdom. Data included signalment, gastrointestinal and respiratory signs, blood analysis results and, where present, diagnostic imaging techniques, endoscopy, videofluoroscopic swallow study, bronchoalveolar lavage results and treatment response. To be included, a follow-up of a minimum of 3 months was required. Cases were excluded if there was no minimum diagnostic dataset, the aetiology of the respiratory signs was other than gastrointestinal disease or a non-gastrointestinal systemic disease was the cause of the gastrointestinal signs. RESULTS One hundred and forty-eight dogs were included and 42 (28.4%) had concurrent respiratory signs. Gagging (69%) and vomiting (52.4%) were the most common gastrointestinal signs, while coughing (50%), tachypnoea (33.3%) and reverse sneezing (30.9%) were the most common respiratory signs. Abdominal ultrasound was performed in 31 (73.8%) while CT scan was the most common modality for thoracic (62.5%) and head (21.9%) imaging. Endoscopic procedures included gastrointestinal (54.8%), bronchoscopy (19%) and rhinoscopy (23.8%). Dietary modification was the most common treatment (66.67%). Eleven dogs (26.2%) had a relapse of the respiratory signs during the follow-up period, of which, nine (81.8%) had a concurrent relapse of the gastrointestinal signs. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Concurrent respiratory signs in dogs with chronic gastroenteropathy are frequent. A clinical improvement of these respiratory signs might be achieved during the therapeutic management of gastrointestinal disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - L Atkinson
- University of Liverpool, Small Animal Teaching Hospital, Neston, UK
| | - T McCann
- Davies Veterinary Specialists, Manor Farm Business Park, Hitchin, UK
| | - J Bazelle
- Davies Veterinary Specialists, Manor Farm Business Park, Hitchin, UK
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Zeng Q, Hu D, Li Y, Zhou Z, Wu J, Li X, Yu X. Evaluating the causal association between bronchiectasis and different types of inflammatory bowel disease: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1365108. [PMID: 38638444 PMCID: PMC11024297 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1365108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and objectives Previous observational studies have established a connection between bronchiectasis and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), but none of these studies have provided a clear explanation for the underlying cause of this relationship. The present study thus implemented Mendelian randomization (MR) design to explore possible bidirectional relationships between IBD and bronchiectasis risk, with an additional focus on Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) as IBD subtypes. Materials and methods A large genome-wide association study (GWAS)-derived data pool was leveraged to examine the relationships between bronchiectasis and IBD, CD, and UC. Two-sample MR analyses were performed with an inverse variance weighted (IVW) approach supplemented with the MR-Egger and weighted median methods. Sensitivity analyses were used to further assess the reliability of the main MR study findings. The possibility of reverse causation was also evaluated using a reverse MR approach. Results The IVW MR analytical approach revealed that IBD (p = 0.074), UC (p = 0.094), and CD (p = 0.644) had no significant impact on the incidence of bronchiectasis, with the converse also being true (p = 0.471, p = 0.700, and p = 0.099, respectively). Conclusion This MR analysis demonstrated that the higher occurrence of bronchiectasis in patients with IBD is not caused by genetic predisposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Zeng
- Department of General Practice, Shenzhen Luohu Hospital Group Luohu People’s Hospital, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Da Hu
- Department of General Practice, Shenzhen Luohu Hospital Group Luohu People’s Hospital, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuan Li
- Department of General Practice, Shenzhen Luohu Hospital Group Luohu People’s Hospital, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhiwei Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shenzhen Luohu Hospital Group Luohu People’s Hospital, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Jinfeng Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shenzhen Luohu Hospital Group Luohu People’s Hospital, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaodong Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shenzhen Luohu Hospital Group Luohu People’s Hospital, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiqiu Yu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shenzhen Luohu Hospital Group Luohu People’s Hospital, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
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Ragnoli B, Cena T, Pochetti P, Pignatti P, Malerba M. Lung Involvement in Patients with Ulcerative Colitis: Relationship between Exhaled Nitric Oxide and Lung Function. J Clin Med 2024; 13:354. [PMID: 38256488 PMCID: PMC10816956 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13020354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is characterized by immune system dysregulation with frequent extraintestinal manifestations, including airway involvement. A reduction in CO diffusing capacity and functional alterations in small airways have been described. An extended analysis of fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) may distinguish the sites of production, and the presence of small airway inflammation may be a useful, non-invasive marker for patient follow-up. The aim of our study was to compare the PFTs as well as FeNO and CANO values of UC patients with different clinical disease activities and healthy subjects to reveal lung function abnormalities and the presence of subclinical airway inflammation. We enrolled 42 adult outpatients at different clinical activity stages of UC (39 ± 13 years) and a healthy control group of 41 subjects (29 ± 3 years). C-reactive protein (CRP) and FeNO values at different flows (50,100, and 200 mL/s) were collected. All patients performed pulmonary function tests (PFTs) with static volumes and diffusing capacity (DLCO). FeNO and CANO values were significantly increased in UC patients when compared with controls (p = 0.0008 and p < 0.0001, respectively) and were proportional to disease activity (FeNO class 3: 28.1 ppb vs. classes 1-2: 7.7 ppb; CANO values class 3: 8.6 ppb vs. classes 1-2: 2.7 ppb (p < 0.0001)). TLC and DLCO were significantly reduced in severe (Mayo 3) UC patients (p = 0.010 and p = 0.003, respectively). The results of this study show significant lung functional abnormalities in UC patients and suggest the presence of airway inflammation directly correlated with disease activity, suggesting the need for an integrated approach in routine assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatrice Ragnoli
- Respiratory Unit, S. Andrea Hospital, 13100 Vercelli, Italy; (B.R.); (P.P.)
| | - Tiziana Cena
- Epidemiological Observatory Service, ASL VC, 13100 Vercelli, Italy;
| | - Patrizia Pochetti
- Respiratory Unit, S. Andrea Hospital, 13100 Vercelli, Italy; (B.R.); (P.P.)
| | - Patrizia Pignatti
- Allergy and Immunology Unit, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy;
| | - Mario Malerba
- Respiratory Unit, S. Andrea Hospital, 13100 Vercelli, Italy; (B.R.); (P.P.)
- Department of Traslational Medicine, University of Eastern Piedmont, 28100 Novara, Italy
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Maezawa Y, Okada K, Ariga H, Kashimura J, Okauchi S, Satoh H. Mesalazine-Induced Diffuse Lung Injury in a Patient Without Respiratory Signs and Symptoms. MAEDICA 2023; 18:718-721. [PMID: 38348085 PMCID: PMC10859214 DOI: 10.26574/maedica.2023.18.4.718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
Mesalazine is a drug used to treat ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, and is known to rarely cause lung injury. We show herein a unique case who developed this drug-induced injury. A 17-year-old boy presented with fever and anorexia after administration of mesalazine. Computed tomography showed extensive ground-glass opacities with peripheral distribution in both lungs. He had general weakness, but had no respiratory symptoms such as cough and dyspnea. With prednisolone, which is primarily aimed at controlling ulcerative colitis, the extensive opacity in both lungs were improved. All patients with this drug-induced lung injury reported to date have had respiratory symptoms, but this patient had no subjective respiratory symptoms and had no abnormalities in respiratory rate and oxyhaemoglobin saturation. Although very rare, we do believe that this clinical course will provide some suggestive information on treatment for patients with similar course in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yosuke Maezawa
- Division of General Medicine, Mito Medical Center, University of Tsukuba-Mito Kyodo General Hospital, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Kenta Okada
- Division of Gastroenterology, Mito Medical Center, University of Tsukuba-Mito Kyodo General Hospital, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Ariga
- Division of Gastroenterology, Mito Medical Center, University of Tsukuba-Mito Kyodo General Hospital, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Junya Kashimura
- Division of Gastroenterology, Mito Medical Center, University of Tsukuba-Mito Kyodo General Hospital, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Shinichiro Okauchi
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Mito Medical Center, University of Tsukuba-Mito Kyodo General Hospital, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Satoh
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Mito Medical Center, University of Tsukuba-Mito Kyodo General Hospital, Ibaraki, Japan
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Alhalabi M, Ali Deeb S, Ali F, Abbas A. Ulcerative colitis-associated bronchiectasis: A rare extraintestinal manifestation of inflammatory bowel disease: A case report. Medicine (Baltimore) 2022; 101:e30202. [PMID: 36042661 PMCID: PMC9410614 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000030203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE Inflammatory bowel disease patients may suffer from extraintestinal manifestations. Although muscles, joints, and skin are the most commonly affected, respiratory involvement is more prevalent than previously believed, and the majority of these patients have no symptoms. Although the large airways are the most frequently affected, the small airways, lung parenchyma, and pulmonary vasculature may also be affected. PATIENT CONCERNS A 24-year-old nonsmoking Syrian female was referred to the pulmonary medicine clinic in December 2020 due to a chronic cough. Her cough had been present for the last year, it was described as scratchy, and produced small amounts of mucoid sputum occasionally. She denied any related wheeze, hemoptysis, weight loss, or night sweats. Multiple courses of antibiotics were prescribed by many doctors, also previous chest radiographs were reported as normal. She was diagnosed with ulcerative colitis in 2012 after presentation with abdominal pain and per rectal bleeding. The diagnosis was confirmed via colonoscopy and colon biopsies, with no prior surgery. Her past medications included prednisone, mesalamine, azathioprine, and infliximab. Tests, including complete blood count, C-reactive protein (CRP), fecal calprotectin, and chest X-ray, were normal. DIAGNOSIS Ulcerative colitis-associated bronchiectasis was established through history and clinical examination beside pulmonary function test, which revealed a mild obstructive pattern, and a chest computed tomography follow-up that revealed bilateral bronchiectasis. INTERVENTIONS Bronchiectasis was treated with inhaled oral steroids and sputum expectoration while she continued mesalamine and azathioprine for ulcerative colitis. OUTCOME Cough improvement and sustained ulcerative colitis remission. CONCLUSIONS Identification of inflammatory bowel disease pulmonary exacerbation is probably poor, as pulmonary symptoms might emerge at any moment during the illness, and are most commonly diagnosed later in life and with the disassociation of inflammatory bowel disease activity. Pulmonologists should be involved in the care of inflammatory bowel disease patients who developed lung symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marouf Alhalabi
- Gastroenterology department of Damascus hospital, Damascus, Syria
- *Correspondence: Marouf Alhalabi, Damascus, Almujtahed Street, Damascus Hospital (e-mail: )
| | - Sawsan Ali Deeb
- Gastroenterology department of Damascus hospital, Damascus, Syria
| | - Fadwa Ali
- Gastroenterology department of Damascus hospital, Damascus, Syria
| | - Ahmad Abbas
- Gastroenterology department of Damascus hospital, Damascus, Syria
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Schmid F, Chao CM, Däbritz J. Pathophysiological Concepts and Management of Pulmonary Manifestation of Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:7287. [PMID: 35806292 PMCID: PMC9266732 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23137287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary manifestation (PM) of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in children is a rare condition. The exact pathogenesis is still unclear, but several explanatory concepts were postulated and several case reports in children were published. We performed a systematic Medline search between April 1976 and April 2022. Different pathophysiological concepts were identified, including the shared embryological origin, "miss-homing" of intestinal based neutrophils and T lymphocytes, inflammatory triggering via certain molecules (tripeptide proline-glycine-proline, interleukin 25), genetic factors and alterations in the microbiome. Most pediatric IBD patients with PM are asymptomatic, but can show alterations in pulmonary function tests and breathing tests. In children, the pulmonary parenchyma is more affected than the airways, leading histologically mainly to organizing pneumonia. Medication-associated lung injury has to be considered in pulmonary symptomatic pediatric IBD patients treated with certain agents (i.e., mesalamine, sulfasalazine or infliximab). Furthermore, the risk of pulmonary embolism is generally increased in pediatric IBD patients. The initial treatment of PM is based on corticosteroids, either inhaled for the larger airways or systemic for smaller airways and parenchymal disease. In summary, this review article summarizes the current knowledge about PM in pediatric IBD patients, focusing on pathophysiological and clinical aspects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Schmid
- Catholic Children’s Hospital Wilhelmstift, 22149 Hamburg, Germany;
| | - Cho-Ming Chao
- Department of Pediatrics, University Medical Center Rostock, 18057 Rostock, Germany;
- Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), University of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), German Center of Lung Research (DZL), Justus-Liebig-University, 35398 Giessen, Germany
| | - Jan Däbritz
- Department of Pediatrics, University Medical Center Greifswald, 17475 Greifswald, Germany
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7
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Gopal AB, Chakraborty S, Padhan PK, Barik A, Dixit P, Chakraborty D, Poirah I, Samal S, Sarkar A, Bhattacharyya A. Silent hypoxia in COVID-19: a gut microbiota connection. CURRENT OPINION IN PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 23:100456. [PMID: 34250324 PMCID: PMC8259044 DOI: 10.1016/j.cophys.2021.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection has triggered the COVID-19 pandemic. Several factors induce hypoxia in COVID-19. Despite being hypoxic, some SARS-CoV-2-infected individuals do not experience any respiratory distress, a phenomenon termed ‘silent (or happy) hypoxia’. Prolonged undetected hypoxia could be dangerous, sometimes leading to death. A few studies attempted to unravel what causes silent hypoxia, however, the exact mechanisms are still elusive. Here, we aim to understand how SARS-CoV-2 causes silent hypoxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akshita B Gopal
- School of Biological Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER) Bhubaneswar, HBNI, P.O. Bhimpur-Padanpur, Via Jatni, Dist. Khurda, 752050, Odisha, India
| | - Soumyadeep Chakraborty
- School of Biological Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER) Bhubaneswar, HBNI, P.O. Bhimpur-Padanpur, Via Jatni, Dist. Khurda, 752050, Odisha, India
| | - Pratyush K Padhan
- School of Biological Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER) Bhubaneswar, HBNI, P.O. Bhimpur-Padanpur, Via Jatni, Dist. Khurda, 752050, Odisha, India
| | - Alok Barik
- School of Biological Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER) Bhubaneswar, HBNI, P.O. Bhimpur-Padanpur, Via Jatni, Dist. Khurda, 752050, Odisha, India
| | - Pragyesh Dixit
- School of Biological Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER) Bhubaneswar, HBNI, P.O. Bhimpur-Padanpur, Via Jatni, Dist. Khurda, 752050, Odisha, India
| | - Debashish Chakraborty
- School of Biological Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER) Bhubaneswar, HBNI, P.O. Bhimpur-Padanpur, Via Jatni, Dist. Khurda, 752050, Odisha, India
| | - Indrajit Poirah
- School of Biological Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER) Bhubaneswar, HBNI, P.O. Bhimpur-Padanpur, Via Jatni, Dist. Khurda, 752050, Odisha, India
| | - Supriya Samal
- School of Biological Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER) Bhubaneswar, HBNI, P.O. Bhimpur-Padanpur, Via Jatni, Dist. Khurda, 752050, Odisha, India
| | - Arup Sarkar
- Trident Academy of Creative Technology, Bhubaneswar 751024, Odisha, India
| | - Asima Bhattacharyya
- School of Biological Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER) Bhubaneswar, HBNI, P.O. Bhimpur-Padanpur, Via Jatni, Dist. Khurda, 752050, Odisha, India
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Abstract
We report a unique case of ulcerative colitis-associated bronchiectasis in a pediatric patient 6 years after colectomy. The patient presented with a chronic cough and had a computed tomography demonstrating bronchiectasis. She was treated with sputum expectoration (airway clearance) via chest physiotherapy and pulse-dose steroids with a prolonged oral taper. Her initial response was excellent; however, she experienced a recurrence of symptoms with de-escalation of airway clearance. Pulmonary extraintestinal manifestations of inflammatory bowel disease are most often diagnosed later in life. Both the severity of this patient's presentation and her age are unique to this case.
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Loo SY, Vutcovici M, Bitton A, Lakatos PL, Azoulay L, Suissa S, Brassard P. Risk of Malignant Cancers in Inflammatory Bowel Disease. J Crohns Colitis 2019; 13:1302-1310. [PMID: 30874294 PMCID: PMC6764102 DOI: 10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjz058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To explore the trends and the predictors of incident malignant cancer among patients with inflammatory bowel disease [IBD]. METHODS We identified a cohort of all patients with incident IBD in Quebec, Canada, from 1998 to 2015, using provincial administrative health-care databases [RAMQ and Med-Echo]. Annual incidence rates [IRs] of cancer were calculated using Poisson regression and were compared with those of the Quebec population using standardized incidence ratios [SIRs ]. Temporal trends in these rates were evaluated by fitting generalized linear models. Conditional logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios [ORs] for predictors associated with cancer development. RESULTS The cohort included 35 985 patients with IBD, of which 2275 developed cancers over a mean follow-up of 8 years (IR 785.6 per 100 000 persons per year; 95% confidence interval [CI] 754.0-818.5). The rate of colorectal cancer decreased significantly from 1998 to 2015 [p < 0.05 for linear trend], but the incidence remained higher than expected, compared with the Quebec population [SIR 1.39; 95% CI 1.19-1.60]. Rates of extraintestinal cancers increased non-significantly over time [p = 0.11 for linear trend]. In the IBD cohort, chronic kidney disease [OR 1.29; 95% CI 1.17-1.43], respiratory diseases [OR 1.07; 95% CI 1.02-1.12], and diabetes mellitus [OR 1.06; 95% CI 1.01-1.11] were associated with an increase in the incidence of cancer. CONCLUSIONS The decreasing rates of colorectal cancer suggest improved management and care in IBD. Further studies are needed to explore the impact of comorbid conditions on the risk of cancer in IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Y Loo
- Centre for Clinical Epidemiology, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Maria Vutcovici
- Division of Gastroenterology, McGill University Health Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Alain Bitton
- Division of Gastroenterology, McGill University Health Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Peter L Lakatos
- Division of Gastroenterology, McGill University Health Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada,1st Department of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Laurent Azoulay
- Centre for Clinical Epidemiology, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada,Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada,Gerald Bronfman Department of Oncology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Samy Suissa
- Centre for Clinical Epidemiology, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada,Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Paul Brassard
- Centre for Clinical Epidemiology, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada,Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada,Corresponding author: Paul Brassard, MD MSc., Centre for Clinical Epidemiology H-424, Lady Davis Research Institute, Jewish General Hospital, 3755 chemin de la Côte St-Catherine, Montreal [Quebec] H3T 1E2, Canada. Tel: [514] 340-7563; Fax: [514] 340-7564;
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10
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Farkas ZC, Keshishyan S, Chakinala RC, Frager S, Saeed F, Yusuf Y, Shilagani C, Bodin R, Harris K, Aronow WS. Tracheobronchitis with stridor in a patient with ulcerative colitis. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2018; 6:445. [PMID: 30596075 DOI: 10.21037/atm.2018.10.47] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Bronchopulmonary involvement is a rare but well documented extraintestinal manifestation of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). IBD-related pulmonary disease can range from subglottic stenosis to tracheobronchitis to interstitial lung disease and is often misdiagnosed on initial presentation. We present a case of tracheobronchitis with stridor in a 23-year-old-woman with well controlled ulcerative colitis (UC).
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahava C Farkas
- Department of Medicine, Westchester Medical Center and New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA
| | - Sevak Keshishyan
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Westchester Medical Center and New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA
| | - Raja Chandra Chakinala
- Department of Medicine, Westchester Medical Center and New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA
| | - Shalom Frager
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatobiliary Diseases, Westchester Medical Center and New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA
| | - Faisal Saeed
- Division of Cardiology, Westchester Medical Center and New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA
| | - Yasmin Yusuf
- Department of Pathology, Westchester Medical Center and New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA
| | - Chaitanya Shilagani
- Department of Radiology, Westchester Medical Center and New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA
| | - Roxana Bodin
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatobiliary Diseases, Westchester Medical Center and New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA
| | - Kassem Harris
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Westchester Medical Center and New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA
| | - Wilbert S Aronow
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Westchester Medical Center and New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA.,Division of Cardiology, Westchester Medical Center and New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA
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11
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Moeser A, Lerche M, Wirtz H, Stallmach A. [Aspects of pulmonary involvement in inflammatory bowel disease]. Internist (Berl) 2018; 59:876-885. [PMID: 30116854 DOI: 10.1007/s00108-018-0473-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The incidence of pulmonary manifestations of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) appears to be much higher than previously assumed. In prospective studies, subclinical pulmonary interstitial infiltrates or pathological lung function were found in 40%-60% of IBD patients, both in children and adults. Pulmonary disorders can affect any part of the respiratory system, the most frequent pattern being inflammation of the large airways often associated with bronchiectasis. The differential diagnosis should include drug-related pulmonary disease and infectious causes when receiving immunosuppressive therapy. The diagnostic approach consists of a thorough history and clinical status as well as lung function tests including body plethysmography and high-resolution computed tomography of the thorax. Bronchoscopy with broncheoalveolar lavage and sample collection for histology as well as exclusion of pulmonary embolism may be indicated. Pulmonary disease in association with IBD can develop at any time during the course of IBD: in rare cases, symptoms can evolve even before gastrointestinal symptoms appear. On the other hand, there are frequent reports on the occurrence of pulmonary inflammation after proctocolectomy in patients with ulcerative colitis. The pathophysiologic background is largely unknown, but there seems to be an interaction between gastrointestinal and pulmonary inflammation. The mainstay of therapy are inhaled or systemic corticosteroids. Most patterns of pulmonary involvement in IBD respond well to corticosteroid therapy. Rarely, serious and persisting complications occur, such as strictures or stenosis of the large airways.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Moeser
- Institut für Infektionsmedizin und Krankenhaushygiene, Klinik für Innere Medizin/FB Pneumologie, Universitätsklinikum Jena, Am Klinikum 1, 07747, Jena, Deutschland.
| | - M Lerche
- Abteilung für Pneumologie, Universitätsklinikum Leipzig, Liebigstr. 20, 04103, Leipzig, Deutschland.
| | - H Wirtz
- Abteilung für Pneumologie, Universitätsklinikum Leipzig, Liebigstr. 20, 04103, Leipzig, Deutschland
| | - A Stallmach
- Klinik für Innere Medizin IV, Universitätsklinikum Jena, Am Klinikum 1, Jena, Deutschland
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12
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Lu S, Wang L, Zhang W, Zhang Z, Liu L, Wang Y, Meng H. Ulcerative colitis with acute pleurisy: A case report and review of the literature. Medicine (Baltimore) 2017; 96:e7630. [PMID: 28746225 PMCID: PMC5627851 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000007630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), including ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease, are associated with a large number of extraintestinal manifestations. Pulmonary manifestations are infrequently seen in patients with IBD. Moreover, serositis including pleural and pericardial manifestations in UC is rare. PATIENT CONCERNS We report a case of UC with acute pleurisy in a 43-year-old man; review literature; and discuss the diagnosis, differential diagnosis, and treatment. DIAGNOSES Active duodenal ulcer was found using gastroscopy. Multiple ulcers in segmented pattern were noticed in the left hemi-colon using colonoscopy. An UC in active stage was confirmed subsequently by histology. INTERVENTION The patient was treated with bifidobacterium tetravaccine tablets, oral mesalazine and mesalazine enemas. The omeprazole and mucosal protective agents were given to treat the duodenal ulcer. OUTCOMES As follow-up, the therapy including oral mesalazine and infliximab regularly was continued and the patient condition was stabilized. MAIN LESSON Pulmonary involvement should be considered in patients who develop pleurisy in UC. Infliximab is considered the better available treatment for patients presenting with pleurisy in UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuming Lu
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian
| | - Lihua Wang
- Department of Medical Imaging, Qingdao Women and Children's Hospital, Qingdao, China
| | - Weisheng Zhang
- Department of Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University
| | - Zhuqing Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Dalian Municipal Central Hospital, Dalian, China
| | - Lina Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian
| | - Yingde Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian
| | - Hua Meng
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian
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Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the pulmonary function in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and its clinical feature and risk factors.One hundred fourteen patients with IBD and 120 healthy subjects were recruited. The medical information including general situation, biochemical examinations, lung function, and the treatment was recorded and analyzed.In 107 patients (107/114, 93.86%), lung function testing showed the pulmonary ventilation, residual volume, and pulmonary diffusion in IBD patients significantly increased as compared to controls (P < .05). No significant differences were observed between ulcerative colitis (UC) patients and Crohn disease (CD) patients (P > .05). However, the vital capacity, forced vital capacity, MVV, forced expiratory volume in first second, peak expiratory flow rate, and maximum mid-expiratory flow in IBD patients significantly decreased when compared with controls (P < .01). There was no significant correlation between pulmonary function and severity and extent of IBD. The chronicity of inflammation might probably reduce the possibility of developing pulmonary dysfunction, while the erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) was found as a harmful factor for developing pulmonary dysfunction.The pulmonary function significantly decreases in IBD patients and is characterized by either simple restrictive/obstructive dysfunction or mixed. The pulmonary function of IBD patients has no relationship with the severity and extent of IBD. IBD combined with pulmonary dysfunction was imperceptible, and clinicians could consider performing pulmonary function testing for IBD patient as many as possible, especially for those who have high level of ESR or any respiratory symptoms like cough, in order to avoid severe pulmonary damage.
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14
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The Anti-Inflammatory Effect and Intestinal Barrier Protection of HU210 Differentially Depend on TLR4 Signaling in Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Murine Colitis. Dig Dis Sci 2017; 62:372-386. [PMID: 27995407 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-016-4404-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2016] [Accepted: 11/30/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ulcerative colitis (UC) is strongly associated with inflammation and intestinal barrier disorder. The nonselective cannabinoid receptor agonist HU210 has been shown to ameliorate inflamed colon in colitis, but its effects on intestinal barrier function and extraintestinal inflammation are unclear. AIMS To investigate the effects and the underlying mechanism of HU210 action on the UC in relation to a role of TLR4 and MAP kinase signaling. METHODS Wild-type (WT) and TLR4 knockout (Tlr4 -/-) mice were exposed to 4% dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) for 7 days. The effects of HU210 on inflammation and intestinal barrier were explored. RESULTS Upon DSS challenge, mice suffered from bloody stool, colon shortening, intestinal mucosa edema, pro-inflammatory cytokine increase and intestinal barrier destruction with goblet cell depletion, increased intestinal microflora accompanied with elevated plasma lipopolysaccharide, reduced mRNA expression of the intestinal tight junction proteins, and abnormal ratio of CD4+/CD8+ T cells in the intestinal Peyer's patches. Pro-inflammatory cytokines in the plasma and the lung, as well as pulmonary myeloperoxidase activity, indicators of extraintestinal inflammation were increased. Protein expression of p38α and pp38 was up-regulated in the colon of WT mice. Tlr4 -/- mice showed milder colitis. HU210 reversed the intestinal barrier changes in both strains of mice, but alleviated inflammation only in WT mice. CONCLUSIONS Our study indicates that in experimental colitis, HU210 displays a protective effect on the intestinal barrier function independently of the TLR4 signaling pathway; however, in the extraintestinal tissues, the anti-inflammatory action seems through affecting TLR4-mediated p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway.
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Cutaneous Vasculitis, Interstitial Pneumonia with Crazy-Paving Appearance, and Positive pANCA in a Patient with Severe Crohn's Disease. Case Rep Gastrointest Med 2014; 2014:485714. [PMID: 25371834 PMCID: PMC4209777 DOI: 10.1155/2014/485714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2014] [Revised: 07/12/2014] [Accepted: 08/05/2014] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Cutaneous vasculitis, interstitial pneumonia with crazy-paving appearance on high-resolution computed tomography, and repeated positive perinuclear anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (pANCA) are rarely found together in patients with inflammatory bowel disease in the existing literature. We report the case of a Chinese patient previously diagnosed with cutaneous vasculitis and interstitial pneumonia, who presented with acute pain and mass in his right lower quadrant a couple of years later. The terminal ileum biopsy and postoperative pathology confirmed Crohn's disease (CD).
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Lu DG, Ji XQ, Liu X, Li HJ, Zhang CQ. Pulmonary manifestations of Crohn’s disease. World J Gastroenterol 2014; 20:133-141. [PMID: 24415866 PMCID: PMC3886002 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v20.i1.133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2013] [Revised: 11/09/2013] [Accepted: 12/06/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Crohn’s disease (CD) is a systemic illness with a constellation of extraintestinal manifestations affecting various organs. Of these extraintestinal manifestations of CD, those involving the lung are relatively rare. However, there is a wide array of lung manifestations, ranging from subclinical alterations, airway diseases and lung parenchymal diseases to pleural diseases and drug-related diseases. The most frequent manifestation is bronchial inflammation and suppuration with or without bronchiectasis. Bronchoalveolar lavage findings show an increased percentage of neutrophils. Drug-related pulmonary abnormalities include disorders which are directly induced by sulfasalazine, mesalamine and methotrexate, and opportunistic lung infections due to immunosuppressive treatment. In most patients, the development of pulmonary disease parallels that of intestinal disease activity. Although infrequent, clinicians dealing with CD must be aware of these, sometimes life-threatening, conditions to avoid further impairment of health status and to alleviate patient symptoms by prompt recognition and treatment. The treatment of CD-related respiratory disorders depends on the specific pattern of involvement, and in most patients, steroids are required in the initial management.
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Wang H, Liu JS, Peng SH, Deng XY, Zhu DM, Javidiparsijani S, Wang GR, Li DQ, Li LX, Wang YC, Luo JM. Gut-lung crosstalk in pulmonary involvement with inflammatory bowel diseases. World J Gastroenterol 2013; 19:6794-6804. [PMID: 24187454 PMCID: PMC3812478 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v19.i40.6794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2013] [Accepted: 09/05/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary abnormalities, dysfunction or hyper-reactivity occurs in association with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) more frequently than previously recognized. Emerging evidence suggests that subtle inflammation exists in the airways among IBD patients even in the absence of any bronchopulmonary symptoms, and with normal pulmonary functions. The pulmonary impairment is more pronounced in IBD patients with active disease than in those in remission. A growing number of case reports show that the IBD patients develop rapidly progressive respiratory symptoms after colectomy, with failure to isolate bacterial pathogens on repeated sputum culture, and often request oral corticosteroid therapy. All the above evidence indicates that the inflammatory changes in both the intestine and lung during IBD. Clinical or subclinical pulmonary inflammation accompanies the main inflammation of the bowel. Although there are clinical and epidemiological reports of chronic inflammation of the pulmonary and intestinal mucosa in IBD, the detailed mechanisms of pulmonary-intestinal crosstalk remain unknown. The lung has no anatomical connection with the main inflammatory site of the bowel. Why does the inflammatory process shift from the gastrointestinal tract to the airways? The clinical and subclinical pulmonary abnormalities, dysfunction, or hyper-reactivity among IBD patients need further evaluation. Here, we give an overview of the concordance between chronic inflammatory reactions in the airways and the gastrointestinal tract. A better understanding of the possible mechanism of the crosstalk among the distant organs will be beneficial in identifying therapeutic strategies for mucosal inflammatory diseases such as IBD and allergy.
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Gaeta M, Minutoli F, Girbino G, Murabito A, Benedetto C, Contiguglia R, Ruggeri P, Privitera S. Expiratory CT scan in patients with normal inspiratory CT scan: a finding of obliterative bronchiolitis and other causes of bronchiolar obstruction. Multidiscip Respir Med 2013; 8:44. [PMID: 23835554 PMCID: PMC3710098 DOI: 10.1186/2049-6958-8-44] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2013] [Accepted: 05/31/2013] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Expiratory CT scan is usually obtained as supplement to normal inspiratory CT scan to recognize air-trapping, which is expression of small airways obstruction. In some patients the air-trapping may be the only sign of an early-stage small airways disease in an otherwise normal lung. The purpose of this article is to illustrate pathologic conditions, namely obliterative bronchiolitis, in which expiratory CT scan can be abnormal despite normal inspiratory CT examination, and to highlight indications for this technique in patients with clinical and functional suspect of bronchiolar obstruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Gaeta
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and of Morphological and Functional Images, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.
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D'Andrea N, Triolo L, Margagnoni G, Aratari A, Sanguinetti CM. Methotrexate-induced pneumonitis in Crohn's disease. Case report and review of the literature. Multidiscip Respir Med 2010; 5:312-9. [PMID: 22958737 PMCID: PMC3463052 DOI: 10.1186/2049-6958-5-5-312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2010] [Accepted: 07/30/2010] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Methotrexate (MTX) is a folate-antagonist used in several neoplastic and inflammatory diseases. Reports of pulmonary complications in patients given low-dose MTX therapy are increasing. Pulmonary toxicity from MTX has a variable frequency and can present with different forms. Most often MTX-induced pneumonia in patients affected by rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is reported.In this paper we describe a case of MTX-related pneumonitis in a relatively young woman affected by Crohn's disease who presented non-productive cough, fever and dyspnea on exercise. Chest X-ray demonstrated bilateral interstitial infiltrates and at computed tomography (CT) ground-glass opacities appeared in both lungs. At spirometry an obstructive defect was demonstrated. A rapid improvement of symptoms and the regression of radiographic and spirometric alterations was achieved through MTX withdrawal and the introduction of corticosteroid therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia D'Andrea
- Pneumology Unit, San Filippo Neri General Hospital, Rome, Italy.
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