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Pracharova J, Cyrikova T, Berecka M, Biersack B, Kasparkova J, Brabec V. Antimetastatic activity of (arene)ruthenium(II) complex of 4-aryl-4H-naphthopyran. Chem Biol Interact 2024; 400:111180. [PMID: 39089413 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2024.111180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2024] [Revised: 07/21/2024] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
Metastatic cancer remains a formidable challenge in anticancer therapy. Despite efforts to develop effective antimetastasis drugs over the past half-century, currently approved treatments fall short of expectations. This report highlights the promising antiproliferative activity of a ruthenium-based therapeutic agent, namely dichlorido(p-cymene)[2-amino-4-(pyridin-3-yl)-4H-benzo[h]-chromene-3-carbonitrile]ruthenium(II) (complex 1) against metastatic cell lines. Complex 1 shows significant efficacy in metastatic LoVo and Du-145 cell lines at nanomolar concentrations, being markedly more active than clinically used anticancer cisplatin. Studies on the MDA-MB-231 cell line, which displays invasive characteristics, demonstrated that 1 significantly reduces cell invasion. This efficacy was confirmed by its impact on matrix metalloproteinase production in MDA-MB-231 cells. Given that cell migration drives cancer invasion and metastasis, complex 1's effect on MDA-MB-231 cell migration was evaluated via wound healing assay and vimentin network analysis. Results indicated a strong reduction in migration. A re-adhesion assay further demonstrated that 1 significantly lowers the re-adhesion ability of MDA-MB-231 cells compared to cisplatin. To better simulate the human body environment, a 3D spheroid invasion assay was used. This method showed that 1 effectively inhibits tumor spheroids from infiltrating the surrounding extracellular matrix. This study underscores the potential of (arene)ruthenium(II) complexes with naphthopyran ligands as potent antimetastatic agents for chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jitka Pracharova
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Science, Palacky University, CZ-77900, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Tereza Cyrikova
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Science, Palacky University, CZ-77900, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Michal Berecka
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Science, Palacky University, CZ-77900, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Bernhard Biersack
- Organic Chemistry Laboratory, University Bayreuth, 95440, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Jana Kasparkova
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Science, Palacky University, CZ-77900, Olomouc, Czech Republic; Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Biophysics, CZ-61200, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Viktor Brabec
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Science, Palacky University, CZ-77900, Olomouc, Czech Republic; Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Biophysics, CZ-61200, Brno, Czech Republic.
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2
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Morishima K, Yamashita H, Miki Y, Sawayanagi S, Takenaka R, Katano A. The effect of increasing the prescribed dose in stereotactic body radiotherapy for primary lung cancer without lymph node metastasis. J Cancer Res Ther 2024:01363817-990000000-00101. [PMID: 39207061 DOI: 10.4103/jcrt.jcrt_865_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to identify the efficacy of increasing the dose of stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) for lung cancer. METHOD AND MATERIALS Patients who received SBRT for primary lung cancer between 2002 and 2021 were evaluated retrospectively. The patients were categorized into the 48, 50, and 55 Gy groups according to the prescribed dose. Analyses were performed for all matched patients. RESULT A total of 323 patients underwent SBRT for lung lesions at doses of 48, 50, and 55 Gy in four fractions. The median follow-up period in the 55 Gy group (32.3 months; Interquartile range (IQR), 15.1-54.1 months, P = 0.01) was significantly shorter than in the 48 Gy (47.0 months; IQR, 16,2-107.7 months) and 50 Gy (78.9 months; IQR 47.2-104.2 months) groups. The 3-year local progression-free survival (LPFS) was 90% in the 55 Gy group (95% confidence interval (CI), 62.4%-94.0%), 75.7% in the 48 Gy group (62.1%-85.0%), and 79.1% in the 50 Gy group (62.2%-89.1%). LPFS in the 55 Gy group was significantly higher than that in the 48 Gy group (hazard ratio (HR), 0.40; 95% CI, 0.20-0.79; P = 0.025). There is no significant difference in the local control rate between the 55 Gy group and the 50 Gy group (HR 0.60, CI 0.27-1.39). After propensity score matching, the 3-year LPFS in the 55 Gy group was 88.3% (CI, 71.2-95.5%). LPFS in the 55 Gy group did not significantly differ from that of the 48 Gy group (HR, 0.47; CI, 0.17-1.35) and the 50 Gy group (HR, 0.83; CI, 0.28-2.51). CONCLUSION We conducted the analysis using propensity score matching. It was not apparent whether there was a significant difference in the effect of increasing the dose, owing to a lack of power caused by the small number of cases after propensity score matching. A prospective study is in progress, and the results are awaited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kosuke Morishima
- Department of Radiology, University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
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González-Ballesteros MM, Sánchez-Sánchez L, Espinoza-Guillén A, Espinal-Enríquez J, Mejía C, Hernández-Lemus E, Ruiz-Azuara L. Antitumoral and Antimetastatic Activity by Mixed Chelate Copper(II) Compounds (Casiopeínas ®) on Triple-Negative Breast Cancer, In Vitro and In Vivo Models. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:8803. [PMID: 39201489 PMCID: PMC11354730 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25168803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2024] [Revised: 08/01/2024] [Accepted: 08/03/2024] [Indexed: 09/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), accounting for 15-20% of all breast cancers, has one of the poorest prognoses and survival rates. Metastasis, a critical process in cancer progression, causes most cancer-related deaths, underscoring the need for alternative therapeutic approaches. This study explores the anti-migratory, anti-invasive, anti-tumoral, and antimetastatic effects of copper coordination compounds Casiopeína IIIia (CasIIIia) and Casiopeína IIgly (CasIIgly) on MDA-MB-231 and 4T1 breast carcinoma cell lines in vitro and in vivo. These emerging anticancer agents, mixed chelate copper(II) compounds, induce apoptosis by generating reactive oxygen species (ROS) and causing DNA damage. Whole-transcriptome analysis via gene expression arrays indicated that subtoxic concentrations of CasIIIia upregulate genes involved in metal response mechanisms. Casiopeínas® reduced TNBC cell viability dose-dependently and more efficiently than Cisplatin. At subtoxic concentrations (IC20), they inhibited random and chemotactic migration of MDA-MB-231 and 4T1 cells by 50-60%, similar to Cisplatin, as confirmed by transcriptome analysis. In vivo, CasIIIia and Cisplatin significantly reduced tumor growth, volume, and weight in a syngeneic breast cancer model with 4T1 cells. Furthermore, both compounds significantly decreased metastatic foci in treated mice compared to controls. Thus, CasIIIia and CasIIgly are promising chemotherapeutic candidates against TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauricio M. González-Ballesteros
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica y Nuclear, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico; (M.M.G.-B.)
| | - Luis Sánchez-Sánchez
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular del Cáncer, UMIEZ, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Zaragoza, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 09230, Mexico
| | - Adrián Espinoza-Guillén
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica y Nuclear, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico; (M.M.G.-B.)
| | - Jesús Espinal-Enríquez
- Departamento de Genómica Computacional, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, Ciudad de México 14610, Mexico
| | - Carmen Mejía
- Laboratorio de Biomedicina Interdisciplinaria, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Ciudad de México 76230, Mexico
| | - Enrique Hernández-Lemus
- Departamento de Genómica Computacional, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, Ciudad de México 14610, Mexico
| | - Lena Ruiz-Azuara
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica y Nuclear, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico; (M.M.G.-B.)
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Alonso A, Kirkegaard JB. Learning optimal integration of spatial and temporal information in noisy chemotaxis. PNAS NEXUS 2024; 3:pgae235. [PMID: 38952456 PMCID: PMC11216223 DOI: 10.1093/pnasnexus/pgae235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024]
Abstract
We investigate the boundary between chemotaxis driven by spatial estimation of gradients and chemotaxis driven by temporal estimation. While it is well known that spatial chemotaxis becomes disadvantageous for small organisms at high noise levels, it is unclear whether there is a discontinuous switch of optimal strategies or a continuous transition exists. Here, we employ deep reinforcement learning to study the possible integration of spatial and temporal information in an a priori unconstrained manner. We parameterize such a combined chemotactic policy by a recurrent neural network and evaluate it using a minimal theoretical model of a chemotactic cell. By comparing with constrained variants of the policy, we show that it converges to purely temporal and spatial strategies at small and large cell sizes, respectively. We find that the transition between the regimes is continuous, with the combined strategy outperforming in the transition region both the constrained variants as well as models that explicitly integrate spatial and temporal information. Finally, by utilizing the attribution method of integrated gradients, we show that the policy relies on a nontrivial combination of spatially and temporally derived gradient information in a ratio that varies dynamically during the chemotactic trajectories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albert Alonso
- Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen 2100, Denmark
| | - Julius B Kirkegaard
- Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen 2100, Denmark
- Department of Computer Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen 2100, Denmark
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Beier AMK, Ebersbach C, Siciliano T, Scholze J, Hofmann J, Hönscheid P, Baretton GB, Woods K, Guezguez B, Dubrovska A, Markowitsch SD, Thomas C, Puhr M, Erb HHH. Targeting the glutamine metabolism to suppress cell proliferation in mesenchymal docetaxel-resistant prostate cancer. Oncogene 2024; 43:2038-2050. [PMID: 38750263 PMCID: PMC11196217 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-024-03059-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2024] [Revised: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/26/2024]
Abstract
Docetaxel (DX) serves as a palliative treatment option for metastatic prostate cancer (PCa). Despite initial remission, acquired DX resistance is inevitable. The mechanisms behind DX resistance have not yet been deciphered, but a mesenchymal phenotype is associated with DX resistance. Mesenchymal phenotypes have been linked to metabolic rewiring, obtaining most ATP production by oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) powered substantially by glutamine (Gln). Likewise, Gln is known to play an essential role in modulating bioenergetic, redox homeostasis and autophagy. Herein, investigations of Gln deprivation on DX-sensitive and -resistant (DR) PCa cells revealed that the DR cell sub-lines were susceptible to Gln deprivation. Mechanistically, Gln deprivation reduced OXPHOS and ATP levels, causing a disturbance in cell cycle progression. Genetic and chemical inhibition of the Gln-metabolism key protein GLS1 could validate the Gln deprivation results, thereby representing a valid therapeutic target. Moreover, immunohistological investigation of GLS1 revealed a high-expressing GLS1 subgroup post-docetaxel failure, exhibiting low overall survival. This subgroup presents an intriguing opportunity for targeted therapy focusing on glutamine metabolism. Thus, these findings highlight a possible clinical rationale for the chemical inhibition of GLS1 as a therapeutic strategy to target mesenchymal DR PCa cells, thereby delaying accelerated tumour progression.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Celina Ebersbach
- Department of Urology, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Tiziana Siciliano
- Department of Urology, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Jana Scholze
- Department of Urology, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Jörg Hofmann
- Department of Urology, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Pia Hönscheid
- Institute of Pathology, Universitätsklinikum Carl Gustav Carus Dresden, 01307, Dresden, Germany
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner Site Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Gustavo B Baretton
- Institute of Pathology, Universitätsklinikum Carl Gustav Carus Dresden, 01307, Dresden, Germany
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner Site Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Kevin Woods
- IIIrd Department of Medicine - Hematology & Oncology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University, Mainz, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Borhane Guezguez
- IIIrd Department of Medicine - Hematology & Oncology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University, Mainz, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Anna Dubrovska
- OncoRay-National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden and Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiooncology-OncoRay, Dresden, Germany
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Dresden, Germany; German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany; Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Dresden and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Dresden, Germany
| | - Sascha D Markowitsch
- Department of Urology and Pediatric Urology, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Christian Thomas
- Department of Urology, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner Site Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Martin Puhr
- Medical University of Innsbruck, Department of Urology, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Holger H H Erb
- Department of Urology, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
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Kalashgrani MY, Mousavi SM, Akmal MH, Gholami A, Omidifar N, Chiang WH, Lai CW, Ripaj Uddin M, Althomali RH, Rahman MM. Biosensors for metastatic cancer cell detection. Clin Chim Acta 2024; 559:119685. [PMID: 38663472 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2024.119685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 04/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024]
Abstract
Early detection and effective cancer treatment are critical to improving metastatic cancer cell diagnosis and management today. In particular, accurate qualitative diagnosis of metastatic cancer cell represents an important step in the diagnosis of cancer. Today, biosensors have been widely developed due to the daily need to measure different chemical and biological species. Biosensors are utilized to quantify chemical and biological phenomena by generating signals that are directly proportional to the quantity of the analyte present in the reaction. Biosensors are widely used in disease control, drug delivery, infection detection, detection of pathogenic microorganisms, and markers that indicate a specific disease in the body. These devices have been especially popular in the field of metastatic cancer cell diagnosis and treatment due to their portability, high sensitivity, high specificity, ease of use and short response time. This article examines biosensors for metastatic cancer cells. It also studies metastatic cancer cells and the mechanism of metastasis. Finally, the function of biosensors and biomarkers in metastatic cancer cells is investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Seyyed Mojtaba Mousavi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taiwan
| | - Muhammad Hussnain Akmal
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taiwan
| | - Ahmad Gholami
- Biotechnology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Science, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Navid Omidifar
- Department of Pathology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 71468-64685, Iran
| | - Wei-Hung Chiang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taiwan.
| | - Chin Wei Lai
- Nanotechnology and Catalysis Research Centre (NANOCAT), Level 3, Block A, Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS), Universiti Malaya (UM), 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Md Ripaj Uddin
- Institute of National Analytical Research and Service (INARS), Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR), Dhanmondi, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Raed H Althomali
- Department of Chemistry, College of Art and Science, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Wadi Al-Dawasir 11991, Al Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed M Rahman
- Center of Excellence for Advanced Materials Research (CEAMR) & Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
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Wu Y, Li Z, Lee AV, Oesterreich S, Luo B. Liver tropism of ER mutant breast cancer is characterized by unique molecular changes and immune infiltration. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2024; 205:371-386. [PMID: 38427312 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-024-07255-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Hotspot estrogen receptor alpha (ER/ESR1) mutations are recognized as the driver for both endocrine resistance and metastasis in advanced ER-positive (ER+) breast cancer, but their contributions to metastatic organ tropism remain insufficiently understood. In this study, we aim to comprehensively profile the organotropic metastatic pattern for ESR1 mutant breast cancer. METHODS The organ-specific metastatic pattern of ESR1 mutant breast cancer was delineated using multi-omics data from multiple publicly available cohorts of ER+ metastatic breast cancer patients. Gene mutation/copy number variation (CNV) and differential gene expression analyses were performed to identify the genomic and transcriptomic alterations uniquely associated with ESR1 mutant liver metastasis. Upstream regulator, downstream pathway, and immune infiltration analysis were conducted for subsequent mechanistic investigations. RESULTS ESR1 mutation-driven liver tropism was revealed by significant differences, encompassing a higher prevalence of liver metastasis in patients with ESR1 mutant breast cancer and an enrichment of mutations in liver metastatic samples. The significant enrichment of AGO2 copy number amplifications (CNAs) and multiple gene expression changes were revealed uniquely in ESR1 mutant liver metastasis. We also unveiled alterations in downstream signaling pathways and immune infiltration, particularly an enrichment of neutrophils, suggesting potential therapeutic vulnerabilities. CONCLUSION Our data provide a comprehensive characterization of the behaviors and mechanisms of ESR1 mutant liver metastasis, paving the way for the development of personalized therapy to target liver metastasis for patients with ESR1 mutant breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Wu
- School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- Women's Cancer Research Center, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Magee-Womens Research Institute, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Zheqi Li
- Women's Cancer Research Center, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Magee-Womens Research Institute, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Adrian V Lee
- Women's Cancer Research Center, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Magee-Womens Research Institute, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Institute for Precision Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Steffi Oesterreich
- Women's Cancer Research Center, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Magee-Womens Research Institute, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Bin Luo
- Department of General Surgery, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 102218, China.
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Ray SK, Mukherjee S. Molecular perspectives on systemic priming and concomitant immunity in colorectal carcinoma. J Egypt Natl Canc Inst 2024; 36:7. [PMID: 38462581 DOI: 10.1186/s43046-024-00211-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The progression of metastasis, a complex systemic disease, is facilitated by interactions between tumor cells and their isolated microenvironments. Over the past few decades, researchers have investigated the metastatic spread of cancer extensively, identifying multiple stages in the process, such as intravasation, extravasation, tumor latency, and the development of micrometastasis and macrometastasis. The premetastatic niche is established in target organs by the accumulation of aberrant immune cells and extracellular matrix proteins. The "seed and soil" idea, which has become widely known and accepted, is being used to this day to guide cancer studies. Changes in the local and systemic immune systems have a major impact on whether an infection spreads or not. The belief that the immune response may play a role in slowing tumor growth and may be beneficial against the metastatic disease underpins the responsiveness shown in the immunological landscape of metastasis. Various hypotheses on the phylogenesis of metastases have been proposed in the past. The primary tumor's secreting factors shape the intratumoral microenvironment and the immune landscape, allowing this progress to be made. Therefore, it is evident that among disseminated tumor cells, there are distinct phenotypes that either carry budding for metastasis or have the ability to obtain this potential or in systemic priming through contact with substantial metastatic niches that have implications for medicinal chemistry. Concurrent immunity signals that the main tumor induces an immune response that may not be strong enough to eradicate the tumor. Immunotherapy's success with some cancer patients shows that it is possible to effectively destroy even advanced-stage tumors by modifying the microenvironment and tumor-immune cell interactions. This review focuses on the metastasome in colorectal carcinoma and the therapeutic implications of site-specific metastasis, systemic priming, tumor spread, and the relationship between the immune system and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suman Kumar Ray
- Independent Researcher, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, 462020, India
| | - Sukhes Mukherjee
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, 462020, India.
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Abar B, Gao J, Fletcher AN, Sachs E, Wong AH, Lazarides AL, Okafor C, Brigman BE, Eward WC, Jung SH, Kumar AH, Visgauss JD. Regional anesthesia is associated with improved metastasis free survival after surgical resection of bone sarcomas. J Orthop Res 2023; 41:2721-2729. [PMID: 37151123 PMCID: PMC10630530 DOI: 10.1002/jor.25597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
There is increasing evidence that perioperative factors, including type of anesthesia, may be an important consideration regarding oncological disease progression. Previous studies have suggested that regional anesthesia can improve oncological outcomes by reducing the surgical stress response that occurs during tumor resection surgery and that may promote metastatic progression. The purpose of this study is to provide the first robust investigation of the impact of adding regional anesthesia to general anesthesia on oncological outcomes following sarcoma resection. One hundred patients with bone sarcoma were retrospectively analyzed in this study. After adjusting for confounding variables such as age and grade of the tumor, patients with bone sarcoma receiving regional anesthesia in addition to general anesthesia during resection had improved metastasis free survival (multivariate hazard ratio of 0.47 and p = 0.034). Future studies are needed to confer the beneficial effect of regional anesthesia, and to further investigate the potential mechanism. Clinical significance: The results from this study provide evidence that regional anesthesia may be advantageous in the setting of bone sarcoma resection surgery, reducing pain while also improving oncological outcomes and should be considered when clinically appropriate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bijan Abar
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Junheng Gao
- Department of Biostatistics & Bioinformatics, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Amanda N Fletcher
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Elizbeth Sachs
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Andrew H Wong
- Department of Anesthesiology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | | | - Chinedu Okafor
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Brian E Brigman
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - William C Eward
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Sin-Ho Jung
- Department of Biostatistics & Bioinformatics, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Amanda H Kumar
- Department of Anesthesiology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Julia D Visgauss
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
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Jung JI, Lee HS, Lee J, Kim EJ. Peanut sprout tea extract inhibits lung metastasis of 4T1 murine mammary carcinoma cells by suppressing the crosstalk between cancer cells and macrophages in BALB/c mice. Nutr Res Pract 2023; 17:917-933. [PMID: 37780222 PMCID: PMC10522819 DOI: 10.4162/nrp.2023.17.5.917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES As peanuts germinate, the content of the components beneficial to health, such as resveratrol, increases within the peanut sprout. This study examined whether the ethanol extract of peanut sprout tea (PSTE) inhibits breast cancer growth and metastasis. MATERIALS/METHODS After orthotopically injecting 4T1 cells into BALB/c mice to induce breast cancer, 0, 30, or 60 mg/kg body weight/day of PSTE was administered orally. Angiogenesis-related protein expression in the tumors and the degree of metastasis were analyzed. 4T1 and RAW 264.7 cells were co-cultured, and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction was performed to measure the crosstalk between breast cancer cells and macrophages. RESULTS PSTE reduced tumor growth and lung metastasis. In particular, PSTE decreased matrix metalloproteinase-9, platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1, vascular endothelial growth factor-A, F4/80, CD11c, macrophage mannose receptor, macrophage colony-stimulating factor, and monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 expression in the tumors. Moreover, PSTE prevented 4T1 cell migration, invasion, and macrophage activity in RAW 264.7 cells. PSTE inhibited the crosstalk between 4T1 cells and RAW 264.7 cells and promoted the macrophage M1 subtype while inhibiting the M2 subtype. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that PSTE blocks breast cancer growth and metastasis to the lungs. This may be because the PSTE treatment inhibits the crosstalk between mammary cancer cells and macrophages and inhibits the differentiation of macrophages into the M2 subtype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae In Jung
- Industry Coupled Cooperation Center for Bio Healthcare Materials, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Korea
| | - Hyun Sook Lee
- Department of Food Science & Nutrition, Dongseo University, Busan 47011, Korea
| | - Jaehak Lee
- Department of Applied Animal Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea
| | - Eun Ji Kim
- Industry Coupled Cooperation Center for Bio Healthcare Materials, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Korea
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Agboyibor C, Dong J, Effah CY, Drokow EK, Ampomah-Wireko M, Pervaiz W, Sangmor A, Ma X, Li J, Liu HM, Zhang P. Epigenetic compounds targeting pharmacological target lysine specific demethylase 1 and its impact on immunotherapy, chemotherapy and radiotherapy for treatment of tumor recurrence and resistance. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 157:113934. [PMID: 36395607 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2022] [Revised: 10/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
It has been proven that metastatic recurrence and therapeutic resistance are linked. Due to the variability of individuals and tumors, as well as the tumor's versatility in avoiding therapies, therapy resistance is more difficult to treat. Therapy resistance has significantly restricted the clinical feasibility and efficacy of tumor therapy, despite the discovery of novel compounds and therapy combinations with increasing efficacy. In several tumors, lysine specific demethylase 1 (LSD1) has been associated to metastatic recurrence and therapeutic resistance. For researchers to better comprehend how LSD1-mediated tumor therapy resistance occurs and how to overcome it in various tumors, this study focused on the role of LSD1 in tumor recurrence and therapeutic resistance. The importance of therapeutically targeted LSD1 was also discussed. Most gene pathway signatures are related to LSD1 inhibitor sensitivity. However, some gene pathway signatures, especially in AML, negatively correlate with LSD1 inhibitor sensitivity, but targeting LSD1 makes the therapy-resistant tumor sensitive to physiological doses of conventional therapy. We propose that combining LSD1 inhibitor with traditional tumor therapy can help patients attain a complete response and prevent cancer relapse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clement Agboyibor
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China; Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education of China, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China; Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China; Key Laboratory of Henan Province for Drug Quality Control and Evaluation, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China; Collaborative Innovation Center of New Drug Research and Safety Evaluation of Henan Province; Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China; Institute of Drug Discovery and Development; Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China
| | - Jianshu Dong
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China; Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education of China, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China; Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China; Key Laboratory of Henan Province for Drug Quality Control and Evaluation, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China; Collaborative Innovation Center of New Drug Research and Safety Evaluation of Henan Province; Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China
| | - Clement Yaw Effah
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China
| | - Emmanuel Kwateng Drokow
- Department of Oncology, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital & Henan Provincial People's Hospital Henan, 450003, Zhengzhou, PR China
| | | | - Waqar Pervaiz
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China; Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education of China, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China; Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China; Key Laboratory of Henan Province for Drug Quality Control and Evaluation, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China; Collaborative Innovation Center of New Drug Research and Safety Evaluation of Henan Province; Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China; Institute of Drug Discovery and Development; Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China
| | - Augustina Sangmor
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China
| | - Xinli Ma
- China-US(Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, No.127, Dongming Road, Jinshui District, Zhengzhou, Henan 450008, PR China
| | - Jian Li
- China-US(Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, No.127, Dongming Road, Jinshui District, Zhengzhou, Henan 450008, PR China
| | - Hong-Min Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China; Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education of China, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China; Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China; Key Laboratory of Henan Province for Drug Quality Control and Evaluation, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China; Collaborative Innovation Center of New Drug Research and Safety Evaluation of Henan Province; Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China; Institute of Drug Discovery and Development; Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China.
| | - Peng Zhang
- Department of Bone and Soft Tissue Cancer, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University (Henan Cancer Hospital), Zhengzhou, Henan province, PR China 450008.
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12
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Liao WL, Liu YF, Ying TH, Shieh JC, Hung YT, Lee HJ, Shen CY, Cheng CW. Inhibitory Effects of Ursolic Acid on the Stemness and Progression of Human Breast Cancer Cells by Modulating Argonaute-2. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 24:ijms24010366. [PMID: 36613808 PMCID: PMC9820512 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The stemness and metastasis of cancer cells are crucial features in determining cancer progression. Argonaute-2 (AGO2) overexpression was reported to be associated with microRNA (miRNA) biogenesis, supporting the self-renewal and differentiation characteristics of cancer stem cells (CSCs). Ursolic acid (UA), a triterpene compound, has multiple biological functions, including anticancer activity. In this study, we find that UA inhibits the proliferation of MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 breast cancer cell lines using the CCK-8 assay. UA induced a significant decrease in the fraction of CSC in which it was examined by changes in the expression of stemness biomarkers, including the Nanog and Oct4 genes. UA altered invasion and migration capacities by significant decreases in the levels of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) proteins of slug and vimentin. Furthermore, the co-reduction in oncogenic miRNA levels (miR-9 and miR-221) was a result of the down-modulation in AGO2 in breast cancer cells in vitro. Mechanically, UA increases PTEN expression to inactivate the FAK/PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway and the decreased level of c-Myc in quantitative RT-PCR and Western blot imaging analyses. Our current understanding of the anticancer potential of UA in interrupting between EMT programming and the state of CSC suggests that UA can contribute to improvements in the clinical practice of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Ling Liao
- Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40433, Taiwan
- Center for Personalized Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40433, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Fan Liu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Ho Ying
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
| | - Jia-Ching Shieh
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
| | - Yueh-Tzu Hung
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
| | - Huei-Jane Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Yang Shen
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Environmental Science, China Medical University, Taichung 40433, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (C.-Y.S.); (C.-W.C.); Tel.: +886-2-2789-9036 (C.-Y.S.); +886-4-2473-0022 (ext. 11677) (C.-W.C.); Fax: +886-2-2782-3047 (C.-Y.S.); +886-4-2372-3229 (C.-W.C.)
| | - Chun-Wen Cheng
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (C.-Y.S.); (C.-W.C.); Tel.: +886-2-2789-9036 (C.-Y.S.); +886-4-2473-0022 (ext. 11677) (C.-W.C.); Fax: +886-2-2782-3047 (C.-Y.S.); +886-4-2372-3229 (C.-W.C.)
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13
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Ramírez-Hernández MJ, Valera-Zaragoza M, Viñas-Bravo O, Huerta-Heredia AA, Peña-Rico MA, Juarez-Arellano EA, Paniagua-Vega D, Ramírez-Vargas E, Sánchez-Valdes S. In search of cytotoxic selectivity on cancer cells with biogenically synthesized Ag/AgCl nanoparticles. BEILSTEIN JOURNAL OF NANOTECHNOLOGY 2022; 13:1505-1519. [PMID: 36605610 PMCID: PMC9764856 DOI: 10.3762/bjnano.13.124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Green synthesis may be a useful approach to achieve selective cytotoxicity of silver nanoparticles on cancer cells and healthy cells. In this study, the concomitant biosynthesis of silver (Ag)/silver chloride (AgCl) nanoparticles from pineapple peel extracts and their behavior on the breast cancer cell line MCF-7 is shown. Bioreactions were monitored at different temperatures. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-vis), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) techniques were used to characterize nanoparticle development. The breast cancer cell line MCF-7 was used as a test model to study the cytotoxic behavior of Ag/AgCl nanoparticles and, as a counterpart, the nanoparticles were also tested on mononuclear cells. Ag/AgCl nanoparticles with spherical and triangular morphology were obtained. The size of the nanoparticles (10-70 nm) and the size distribution depended on the reaction temperature. A dose close to 20 µg/mL of Ag/AgCl nanoparticles considerably decreased the cell viability of the MCF-7 line. The best cytotoxicity effects on cancer cells were obtained with nanoparticles at 60 and 80 °C where cell viability was reduced up to 80% at a concentration of 50 µg/mL. A significant preference was observed in the cytotoxic effect of Ag/AgCl nanoparticles against cancer cells in comparison to monocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitzi J Ramírez-Hernández
- División de Estudios de Posgrado, Maestría en Ciencias Químicas, Universidad del Papaloapan, Tuxtepec Oaxaca 68301, México
| | - Mario Valera-Zaragoza
- Centro de Investigaciones Científicas, Instituto de Química Aplicada, Universidad del Papaloapan, Tuxtepec Oaxaca, 68301, México
| | - Omar Viñas-Bravo
- Centro de Investigaciones Científicas, Instituto de Química Aplicada, Universidad del Papaloapan, Tuxtepec Oaxaca, 68301, México
| | - Ariana A Huerta-Heredia
- CONACyT-UNPA, Centro de Investigaciones Científicas, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad del Papaloapan, Tuxtepec Oaxaca, 68301, México
| | - Miguel A Peña-Rico
- Centro de Investigaciones Científicas, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad del Papaloapan, Tuxtepec Oaxaca, 68301, México
| | - Erick A Juarez-Arellano
- Centro de Investigaciones Científicas, Instituto de Química Aplicada, Universidad del Papaloapan, Tuxtepec Oaxaca, 68301, México
| | - David Paniagua-Vega
- CONACyT-UANL, Departamento de Química Analítica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Nuevo León, 64460, México
| | | | - Saúl Sánchez-Valdes
- Centro de Investigación en Química Aplicada, Saltillo Coahuila, 25294, México
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14
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Du K, Ma W, Yang C, Zhou Z, Hu S, Tian Y, Zhang H, Ma Y, Jiang X, Zhu H, Liu H, Chen P, Liu Y. Design, synthesis, and cytotoxic activities of isaindigotone derivatives as potential anti-gastric cancer agents. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2022; 37:1212-1226. [PMID: 35450499 PMCID: PMC9037217 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2022.2065672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of novel derivatives of isaindigotone, which comes from the root of isaits indinatca Fort, were synthesised (Compound 1-26). Four human gastrointestinal cancer cells (HCT116, PANC-1, SMMC-7721, and AGS) were employed to evaluate the anti-proliferative activity. Among them, Compound 6 displayed the most effective inhibitory activity on AGS cells with an IC50 (50% inhibitory concentration) value of 2.2 μM. The potential mechanism study suggested that Compound 6 induced apoptosis in AGS cells. The collapse of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) in AGS cells was proved. In docking analysis, good affinity interaction between Compound 6 and AKT1 was discovered. Treatment of AGS cells with Compound 6 also resulted in significant suppression of PI3K/AKT/mTOR signal pathway. The collapse of MMP and suppression of PI3K/AKT/mTOR signal pathway may be responsible for induction of apoptosis. This derivative Compound 6 could be useful as an underlying anti-tumour agent for treatment of gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kangjia Du
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Wantong Ma
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Chengjie Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Zhongkun Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Shujian Hu
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yanan Tian
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yunhao Ma
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xinrong Jiang
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Hongmei Zhu
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Huanxiang Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Peng Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China,CONTACT Peng Chen
| | - Yingqian Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China,Yingqian Liu School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, 199 Donggang West Road, Lanzhou730000, China
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15
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Han SJ, Kwon S, Kim KS. Contribution of mechanical homeostasis to epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2022; 45:1119-1136. [PMID: 36149601 DOI: 10.1007/s13402-022-00720-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metastasis refers to the spread of cancer cells from a primary tumor to other parts of the body via the lymphatic system and bloodstream. With tremendous effort over the past decades, remarkable progress has been made in understanding the molecular and cellular basis of metastatic processes. Metastasis occurs through five steps, including infiltration and migration, intravasation, survival, extravasation, and colonization. Various molecular and cellular factors involved in the metastatic process have been identified, such as epigenetic factors of the extracellular matrix (ECM), cell-cell interactions, soluble signaling, adhesion molecules, and mechanical stimuli. However, the underlying cause of cancer metastasis has not been elucidated. CONCLUSION In this review, we have focused on changes in the mechanical properties of cancer cells and their surrounding environment to understand the causes of cancer metastasis. Cancer cells have unique mechanical properties that distinguish them from healthy cells. ECM stiffness is involved in cancer cell growth, particularly in promoting the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). During tumorigenesis, the mechanical properties of cancer cells change in the direction opposite to their environment, resulting in a mechanical stress imbalance between the intracellular and extracellular domains. Disruption of mechanical homeostasis may be one of the causes of EMT that triggers the metastasis of cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Se Jik Han
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sangwoo Kwon
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyung Sook Kim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea.
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16
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Wang M, Wang Y, Liu R, Yu R, Gong T, Zhang Z, Fu Y. TLR4 Blockade Using Docosahexaenoic Acid Restores Vulnerability of Drug-Tolerant Tumor Cells and Prevents Breast Cancer Metastasis and Postsurgical Relapse. ACS BIO & MED CHEM AU 2022; 3:97-113. [PMID: 37101603 PMCID: PMC10125315 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomedchemau.2c00061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 11/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
Nonmutational mechanisms were recently discovered leading to reversible drug tolerance. Despite the rapid elimination of a majority of tumor cells, a small subpopulation of "'drug-tolerant"' cells remain viable with lethal drug exposure, which may further lead to resistance or tumor relapse. Several signaling pathways are involved in the local or systemic inflammatory responses contributing to drug-induced phenotypic switch. Here, we report that Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)-interacting lipid docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) restores the cytotoxic effect of doxorubicin (DOX) in the lipopolysaccharide-treated breast tumor cell line 4T1, preventing the phenotypic switch to drug-tolerant cells, which significantly reduces primary tumor growth and lung metastasis in both 4T1 orthotopic and experimental metastasis models. Importantly, DHA in combination with DOX delays and inhibits tumor recurrence following surgical removal of the primary tumor. Furthermore, the coencapsulation of DHA and DOX in a nanoemulsion significantly prolongs the survival of mice in the postsurgical 4T1 tumor relapse model with significantly reduced systemic toxicity. The synergistic antitumor, antimetastasis, and antirecurrence effects of DHA + DOX combination are likely mediated by attenuating TLR4 activation, thus sensitizing tumor cells to standard chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mou Wang
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu610041, China
| | - Yuejing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu610041, China
| | - Renhe Liu
- The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road,
La Jolla, San Diego, California92037, United States
| | - Ruilian Yu
- Department of Oncology, Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu610072, China
| | - Tao Gong
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu610041, China
| | - Zhirong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu610041, China
| | - Yao Fu
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu610041, China
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17
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Liu Y, Guo ZJ, Zhou XW. Chinese Cordyceps: Bioactive Components, Antitumor Effects and Underlying Mechanism-A Review. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27196576. [PMID: 36235111 PMCID: PMC9572669 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27196576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Chinese Cordyceps is a valuable source of natural products with various therapeutic effects. It is rich in various active components, of which adenosine, cordycepin and polysaccharides have been confirmed with significant immunomodulatory and antitumor functions. However, the underlying antitumor mechanism remains poorly understood. In this review, we summarized and analyzed the chemical characteristics of the main components and their pharmacological effects and mechanism on immunomodulatory and antitumor functions. The analysis revealed that Chinese Cordyceps promotes immune cells' antitumor function by via upregulating immune responses and downregulating immunosuppression in the tumor microenvironment and resetting the immune cells' phenotype. Moreover, Chinese Cordyceps can inhibit the growth and metastasis of tumor cells by death (including apoptosis and autophagy) induction, cell-cycle arrest, and angiogenesis inhibition. Recent evidence has revealed that the signal pathways of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), nuclear factor kappaB (NF-κB), cysteine-aspartic proteases (caspases) and serine/threonine kinase Akt were involved in the antitumor mechanisms. In conclusion, Chinese Cordyceps, one type of magic mushroom, can be potentially developed as immunomodulator and anticancer therapeutic agents.
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18
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Stereotactic body radiation therapy for metastatic lung metastases. Jpn J Radiol 2022; 40:995-1005. [PMID: 36097233 PMCID: PMC9529709 DOI: 10.1007/s11604-022-01323-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Although systemic therapy is standard management for patients with metastatic disease, several recent reports have indicated that an addition of local therapies including stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) for patients with oligometastatic disease (OMD) could improve survival. The lung is the most common site of distant metastasis from many solid tumors, and the strategy of SBRT, such as dose-fraction schedules, timing, etc., would be different depending on the type of primary tumor, location, and patterns of OMD. This review describes the role of SBRT with curative-intent for patients with pulmonary OMD for each of these variables. First, differences according to the type of primary tumor, for which many studies suggest that SBRT-mediated local control (LC) for patients with pulmonary OMD from colorectal cancer (CRC) is less successful than for those from non-CRC tumors. In addition, higher dose-fraction schedules seemed to correlate with higher LC; hence, different SBRT treatment strategies may be needed for patients with pulmonary OMD from CRC relative to other tumors. Second, differences according to location, where the safety of SBRT for peripheral pulmonary tumors has been relatively well established, but safety for central pulmonary tumors including pulmonary OMD is still considered controversial. To determine the optimal dose-fraction schedules, further data from prospective studies are still needed. Third, differences according to the patterns of OMD, the number of metastases and the timing of SBRT whereby 1–5 lesions in most patients and patients with synchronous or metachronous OMD are considered good candidates for SBRT. We conclude that there are still several problems in defining suitable indications for local therapy including SBRT, and that further prospective studies are required to resolve these issues.
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19
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DRAIC promotes growth of breast cancer by sponging miR-432-5p to upregulate SLBP. Cancer Gene Ther 2022; 29:951-960. [PMID: 34645975 DOI: 10.1038/s41417-021-00388-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Mounting evidence suggests that lncRNAs can exert functions in cancer progression in multiple manners. In recent years, competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) has been widely reported in human cancers as a lncRNA-dominant molecular pathway. The current study aimed at proving the role of lncRNA downregulated RNA in cancer (DRAIC) in breast cancer (BRCA) progression. To be specific, qRT-PCR assay was conducted to measure the expression of DRAIC and other downstream target genes. It was uncovered that DRAIC was expressed at a high level in BRCA cells. Functional analyses, including CCK-8, colony formation, and EdU assays demonstrated that DRAIC depletion suppressed BRCA cell proliferation. In addition, cell apoptosis was promoted due to DRAIC knockdown. The inhibitory effect of DRAIC reduction on BRCA cell migration and invasion was proven by transwell assays. Mechanistically, DRAIC was confirmed to predominantly distribute in the cytoplasm and could interact with miR-432-5p. In addition, stem-loop binding protein (SLBP) was verified to be a downstream target of miR-432-5p and was positively regulated by DRAIC. Taken together, DRAIC sponged miR-432-5p to enhance SLBP expression, by which malignant behaviors of BRCA cells were promoted. Our findings may help to provide a promising therapeutic target for BRCA patients.
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20
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AL-Ishaq RK, Koklesova L, Kubatka P, Büsselberg D. Immunomodulation by Gut Microbiome on Gastrointestinal Cancers: Focusing on Colorectal Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:2140. [PMID: 35565269 PMCID: PMC9101278 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14092140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastrointestinal cancer (GI) is a global health disease with a huge burden on a patient's physical and psychological aspects of life and on health care providers. It is associated with multiple disease related challenges which can alter the patient's quality of life and well-being. GI cancer development is influenced by multiple factors such as diet, infection, environment, and genetics. Although activating immune pathways and components during cancer is critical for the host's survival, cancerous cells can target those pathways to escape and survive. As the gut microbiome influences the development and function of the immune system, research is conducted to investigate the gut microbiome-immune interactions, the underlying mechanisms, and how they reduce the risk of GI cancer. This review addresses and summarizes the current knowledge on the major immune cells and gut microbiome interactions. Additionally, it highlights the underlying mechanisms of immune dysregulation caused by gut microbiota on four major cancerous pathways, inflammation, cellular proliferation, apoptosis, and metastasis. Overall, gut-immune interactions might be a key to understanding GI cancer development, but further research is needed for more detailed clarification.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lenka Koklesova
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, 036 01 Martin, Slovakia;
| | - Peter Kubatka
- Department of Medical Biology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, 036 01 Martin, Slovakia;
| | - Dietrich Büsselberg
- Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Education City, Qatar Foundation, Doha 24144, Qatar;
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21
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Aljohani AI, Toss MS, El-Sharawy KA, Mirza S, Ball GR, Green AR, Rakha EA. Upregulation of Cyclin B2 ( CCNB2) in breast cancer contributes to the development of lymphovascular invasion. Am J Cancer Res 2022; 12:469-489. [PMID: 35261781 PMCID: PMC8899993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Lymphovascular invasion (LVI) is a key step in breast cancer (BC) metastasis. Targeting the molecular drivers of LVI can improve BC patients' management. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms of LVI are complex and interconnected with various carcinogenesis pathways. This study aimed to identify the key regulatory gene associated with LVI and to investigate its mechanisms of action and prognostic significance. Artificial neural network (ANN) was applied to two large transcriptomic datasets of BC with well-characterised LVI status. Cyclin B2 (CCNB2) was identified in the top genes associated with LVI positivity. In vitro functional assays were carried out to assess the role of CCNB2 in tumour cell behaviour and their interactions with endothelial cells using a panel of BC cell lines. Large annotated BC cohorts were used to assess the clinical and prognostic role of CCNB2 at the transcriptomic and protein levels. Knockdown (KD) of CCNB2 mRNA reduced BC cell migration, inhibited proliferation, blocked the G2/M transition during the cell cycle and increased the number of apoptotic cells. Importantly, KD of CCNB2 reduced BC cell lines adherence and transmigration across endothelial cell lines. High CCNB2 protein expression was independently associated with LVI positivity in addition to other features of aggressive behaviour, including larger tumour size, higher histological grade, hormonal receptor-negativity, and HER2-positivity, and with shorter survival. We conclude that CCNB2 plays a crucial role in LVI development in BC, implying that CCNB2 could confer a promising therapeutic target to inhibit LVI and reduce metastatic events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abrar I Aljohani
- Academic Unit for Translational Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Nottingham Breast Cancer Research Centre, University of Nottingham Biodiscovery Institute, University ParkNottingham, UK
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif UniversityTaif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Michael S Toss
- Academic Unit for Translational Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Nottingham Breast Cancer Research Centre, University of Nottingham Biodiscovery Institute, University ParkNottingham, UK
| | | | - Sameer Mirza
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of Nebraska Medical CenterOmaha, USA
| | - Graham R Ball
- The John Van Geest Cancer Research Centre, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent UniversityClifton Lane, Nottingham, UK
| | - Andrew R Green
- Academic Unit for Translational Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Nottingham Breast Cancer Research Centre, University of Nottingham Biodiscovery Institute, University ParkNottingham, UK
| | - Emad A Rakha
- Academic Unit for Translational Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Nottingham Breast Cancer Research Centre, University of Nottingham Biodiscovery Institute, University ParkNottingham, UK
- Histopathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia UniversityShibïn al-Kawm, Egypt
- Department of Histopathology, Nottingham University Hospital NHS Trust, City Hospital CampusHucknall Road, Nottingham, UK
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22
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Robinson A, Burgess M, Webb S, Louwe PA, Ouyang Z, Skola D, Han CZ, Batada NN, González-Huici V, Cassetta L, Glass CK, Jenkins SJ, Pollard JW. Systemic Influences of Mammary Cancer on Monocytes in Mice. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:833. [PMID: 35159100 PMCID: PMC8834227 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14030833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
There is a growing body of evidence that cancer causes systemic changes. These influences are most evident in the bone marrow and the blood, particularly in the myeloid compartment. Here, we show that there is an increase in the number of bone marrow, circulating and splenic monocytes by using mouse models of breast cancer caused by the mammary epithelial expression of the polyoma middle T antigen. Cancer does not affect ratios of classical to non-classical populations of monocytes in the circulation nor does it affect their half-lives. Single cell RNA sequencing also indicates that cancer does not induce any new monocyte populations. Cancer does not change the monocytic progenitor number in the bone marrow, but the proliferation rate of monocytes is higher, thus providing an explanation for the expansion of the circulating numbers. Deep RNA sequencing of these monocytic populations reveals that cancer causes changes in the classical monocyte compartment, with changes evident in bone marrow monocytes and even more so in the blood, suggesting influences in both compartments, with the down-regulation of interferon type 1 signaling and antigen presentation being the most prominent of these. Consistent with this analysis, down-regulated genes are enriched with STAT1/STAT2 binding sites in their promoter, which are transcription factors required for type 1 interferon signaling. However, these transcriptome changes in mice did not replicate those found in patients with breast cancer. Consequently, this mouse model of breast cancer may be insufficient to study the systemic influences of human cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy Robinson
- MRC-Centre for Reproductive Health, Queen’s Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK; (A.R.); (S.W.); (L.C.)
| | - Matthew Burgess
- Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen’s Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK; (M.B.); (P.A.L.)
| | - Sheila Webb
- MRC-Centre for Reproductive Health, Queen’s Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK; (A.R.); (S.W.); (L.C.)
| | - Pieter A. Louwe
- Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen’s Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK; (M.B.); (P.A.L.)
| | - Zhengyu Ouyang
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, University of San Diego, LA Jolla, CA 92037, USA; (Z.O.); (D.S.); (C.Z.H.); (C.K.G.)
| | - Dylan Skola
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, University of San Diego, LA Jolla, CA 92037, USA; (Z.O.); (D.S.); (C.Z.H.); (C.K.G.)
| | - Claudia Z. Han
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, University of San Diego, LA Jolla, CA 92037, USA; (Z.O.); (D.S.); (C.Z.H.); (C.K.G.)
| | - Nizar N. Batada
- Institute of Genetic and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK; (N.N.B.); (V.G.-H.)
| | - Víctor González-Huici
- Institute of Genetic and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK; (N.N.B.); (V.G.-H.)
| | - Luca Cassetta
- MRC-Centre for Reproductive Health, Queen’s Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK; (A.R.); (S.W.); (L.C.)
| | - Chris K. Glass
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, University of San Diego, LA Jolla, CA 92037, USA; (Z.O.); (D.S.); (C.Z.H.); (C.K.G.)
| | - Stephen J. Jenkins
- Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen’s Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK; (M.B.); (P.A.L.)
| | - Jeffery W. Pollard
- MRC-Centre for Reproductive Health, Queen’s Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK; (A.R.); (S.W.); (L.C.)
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23
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Anti-Cancer Effects of α-Cubebenoate Derived from Schisandra chinensis in CT26 Colon Cancer Cells. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27030737. [PMID: 35164001 PMCID: PMC8839175 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27030737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
α-Cubebenoate derived from Schisandra chinensis has been reported to possess anti-allergic, anti-obesity, and anti-inflammatory effects and to exhibit anti-septic activity, but its anti-cancer effects have not been investigated. To examine the anti-cancer activity of α-cubebenoate, we investigated its effects on the proliferation, apoptosis, and metastasis of CT26 cells. The viabilities of CT26 cells (a murine colorectal carcinoma cell line) and HCT116 cells (a human colon cancer cell line) were remarkably and dose-dependently diminished by α-cubebenoate, whereas the viability of CCD-18Co cells (a normal human fibroblast cell line) were unaffected. Furthermore, α-cubebenoate treatment increased the number of apoptotic CT26 cells as compared with Vehicle-treated cells and increased Bax, Bcl-2, Cas-3, and Cleaved Cas-3 protein levels by activating the MAP kinase signaling pathway. α-Cubebenoate also suppressed CT26 migration by regulating the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Furthermore, similar reductions were observed in the expression levels of some migration-related proteins including VEGFA, MMP2, and MMP9. Furthermore, reduced VEGFA expression was found to be accompanied by the phosphorylations of FAK and MLC in the downstream signaling pathway of adhesion protein. The results of the present study provide novel evidence that α-cubebenoate can stimulate apoptosis and inhibit metastasis by regulating the MAPK, PI3K/AKT, and FAK/MLC signaling pathways.
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Piazzesi A, Afsar SY, van Echten‐Deckert G. Sphingolipid metabolism in the development and progression of cancer: one cancer's help is another's hindrance. Mol Oncol 2021; 15:3256-3279. [PMID: 34289244 PMCID: PMC8637577 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.13063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer development is a multistep process in which cells must overcome a series of obstacles before they can become fully developed tumors. First, cells must develop the ability to proliferate unchecked. Once this is accomplished, they must be able to invade the neighboring tissue, as well as provide themselves with oxygen and nutrients. Finally, they must acquire the ability to detach from the newly formed mass in order to spread to other tissues, all the while evading an immune system that is primed for their destruction. Furthermore, increased levels of inflammation have been shown to be linked to the development of cancer, with sites of chronic inflammation being a common component of tumorigenic microenvironments. In this Review, we give an overview of the impact of sphingolipid metabolism in cancers, from initiation to metastatic dissemination, as well as discussing immune responses and resistance to treatments. We explore how sphingolipids can either help or hinder the progression of cells from a healthy phenotype to a cancerous one.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonia Piazzesi
- LIMES Institute for Membrane Biology and Lipid BiochemistryUniversity of BonnGermany
| | - Sumaiya Yasmeen Afsar
- LIMES Institute for Membrane Biology and Lipid BiochemistryUniversity of BonnGermany
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25
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Sial N, Saeed S, Ahmad M, Hameed Y, Rehman A, Abbas M, Asif R, Ahmed H, Hussain MS, Rehman JU, Atif M, Khan MR. Multi-Omics Analysis Identified TMED2 as a Shared Potential Biomarker in Six Subtypes of Human Cancer. Int J Gen Med 2021; 14:7025-7042. [PMID: 34707394 PMCID: PMC8544130 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s327367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Cancer is one of the most common malignancies and the leading cause of death worldwide. As a member of the transmembrane emp24 domain (Tmed)/p24 family of proteins, TMED2 expression variations have been documented earlier in only a few subtypes of human cancers, and the multi-omics profiling of TMED2 as a shared biomarker in different other subtypes of human cancers remains to be uncovered. Methods In the current study, TMED2 multi-omics analysis in 24 major subtypes of human cancer was performed using different authentic online databases and bioinformatics analysis including UALCAN, Kaplan–Meier (KM) plotter, Human Protein Atlas (HPA), GENT2, MEXPRESS, cBioportal, STRING, DAVID, TIMER, and CTD. Results In general, the TMED2 expression in 24 major subtypes of human cancers was higher relative to normal controls and was also strongly associated with the lower overall survival (OS) and relapse-free survival (RFS) duration of CESC, ESCA, HNSC, KIRC, LIHC, and LUAD patients. This implies that TMED2 plays a significant role in the development and progression of these cancers. Furthermore, the TMED2 overexpression was also correlated with different clinicopathological features of CESC, ESCA, HNSC, KIRC, LIHC, and LUAD patients. TMED2-associated genes network was involved in 3 diverse pathways, and finally, few stronger correlations were also explored between TMED2 expression and its promoter methylation level, genetic alterations, and CD8+ T immune cells level. Conclusion In conclusion, via this in silico study, we have elucidated that TMED2 can serve as a shared diagnostic and prognostic biomarker in CESC, ESCA, HNSC, KIRC, LIHC, and LUAD patients of different clinicopathological features but, further in vitro and in vivo research should be carried out to confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuzhat Sial
- Department of Zoology, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Saba Saeed
- Department of Zoology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Mukhtiar Ahmad
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Yasir Hameed
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Rehman
- Department of Eastern Medicine, Qarshi University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Mustansar Abbas
- Department of Eastern Medicine, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Rizwan Asif
- Department of Microbiology, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Hamad Ahmed
- Department of Eastern Medicine, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Safdar Hussain
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Jalil Ur Rehman
- University College of Conventional Medicine, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Atif
- University College of Conventional Medicine, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Rashid Khan
- University College of Eastern Medicine, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
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26
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Bisht VS, Giri K, Kumar D, Ambatipudi K. Oxygen and metabolic reprogramming in the tumor microenvironment influences metastasis homing. Cancer Biol Ther 2021; 22:493-512. [PMID: 34696706 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2021.1992233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor metastasis is the leading cause of cancer mortality, often characterized by abnormal cell growth and invasion to distant organs. The cancer invasion due to epithelial to mesenchymal transition is affected by metabolic and oxygen availability in the tumor-associated micro-environment. A precise alteration in oxygen and metabolic signaling between healthy and metastatic cells is a substantial probe for understanding tumor progression and metastasis. Molecular heterogeneity in the tumor microenvironment help to sustain the metastatic cell growth during their survival shift from low to high metabolic-oxygen-rich sites and reinforces the metastatic events. This review highlighted the crucial role of oxygen and metabolites in metastatic progression and exemplified the role of metabolic rewiring and oxygen availability in cancer cell adaptation. Furthermore, we have also addressed potential applications of altered oxygen and metabolic networking with tumor type that could be a signature pattern to assess tumor growth and chemotherapeutics efficacy in managing cancer metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinod S Bisht
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, India
| | - Kuldeep Giri
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, India
| | - Deepak Kumar
- Department of Cancer Biology, Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India.,Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Kiran Ambatipudi
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, India
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27
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Tobeiha M, Rajabi A, Raisi A, Mohajeri M, Yazdi SM, Davoodvandi A, Aslanbeigi F, Vaziri M, Hamblin MR, Mirzaei H. Potential of natural products in osteosarcoma treatment: Focus on molecular mechanisms. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 144:112257. [PMID: 34688081 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is the most frequent type of bone cancer found in children and adolescents, and commonly arises in the metaphyseal region of tubular long bones. Standard therapeutic approaches, such as surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy, are used in the management of osteosarcoma. In recent years, the mortality rate of osteosarcoma has decreased due to advances in treatment methods. Today, the scientific community is investigating the use of different naturally derived active principles against various types of cancer. Natural bioactive compounds can function against cancer cells in two ways. Firstly they can act as classical cytotoxic compounds by non-specifically affecting macromolecules, such as DNA, enzymes, and microtubules, which are also expressed in normal proliferating cells, but to a greater extent by cancer cells. Secondly, they can act against oncogenic signal transduction pathways, many of which are activated in cancer cells. Some bioactive plant-derived agents are gaining increasing attention because of their anti-cancer properties. Moreover, some naturally-derived compounds can significantly promote the effectiveness of standard chemotherapy drugs, and in certain cases are able to ameliorate drug-induced adverse effects caused by chemotherapy. In the present review we summarize the effects of various naturally-occurring bioactive compounds against osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Tobeiha
- School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran; Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Ali Rajabi
- School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran; Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Arash Raisi
- School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran; Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Mahshad Mohajeri
- School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Amirhossein Davoodvandi
- Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran; Cancer Immunology Project (CIP), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Aslanbeigi
- School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran; Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - MohamadSadegh Vaziri
- Student Research Committee, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran.
| | - Michael R Hamblin
- Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Science, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein 2028, South Africa.
| | - Hamed Mirzaei
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
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28
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Is There One Key Step in the Metastatic Cascade? Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13153693. [PMID: 34359593 PMCID: PMC8345184 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13153693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2021] [Revised: 07/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary To successfully metastasize, cancer cells must complete a sequence of obligatory steps called the metastatic cascade. To model the metastatic cascade, we used the framework of the Drake equation, initially created to describe the emergence of intelligent life in the Milky way, using a similar logic of a sequence of obligatory steps. Then within this framework, we used simulations on breast cancer to investigate the contribution of each step to the metastatic cascade. We show that the half-life of circulating tumor cells is one of the most important parameters in the cascade, suggesting that therapies reducing the survival of those cells in the vascular system could significantly reduce the risk of metastasis. Abstract The majority of cancer-related deaths are the result of metastases (i.e., dissemination and establishment of tumor cells at distant sites from the origin), which develop through a multi-step process classically termed the metastatic cascade. The respective contributions of each step to the metastatic process are well described but are also currently not completely understood. Is there, for example, a critical phase that disproportionately affects the probability of the development of metastases in individual patients? Here, we address this question using a modified Drake equation, initially formulated by the astrophysicist Frank Drake to estimate the probability of the emergence of intelligent civilizations in the Milky Way. Using simulations based on realistic parameter values obtained from the literature for breast cancer, we examine, under the linear progression hypothesis, the contribution of each component of the metastatic cascade. Simulations demonstrate that the most critical parameter governing the formation of clinical metastases is the survival duration of circulating tumor cells (CTCs).
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29
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Kharrati-Koopaee H, Ebrahimie E, Dadpasand M, Niazi A, Tian R, Esmailizadeh A. Gene network analysis to determine the effect of hypoxia-associated genes on brain damages and tumorigenesis using an avian model. J Genet Eng Biotechnol 2021; 19:100. [PMID: 34236536 PMCID: PMC8266987 DOI: 10.1186/s43141-021-00184-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypoxia refers to the condition of low oxygen pressure in the atmosphere and characterization of response to hypoxia as a biological complex puzzle, is challenging. Previously, we carried out a comparative genomic study by whole genome resequencing of highland and lowland Iranian native chickens to identify genomic variants associated with hypoxia conditions. Based on our previous findings, we used chicken as a model and the identified hypoxia-associated genes were converted to human's orthologs genes to construct the informative gene network. The main goal of this study was to visualize the features of diseases due to hypoxia-associated genes by gene network analysis. RESULTS It was found that hypoxia-associated genes contained several gene networks of disorders such as Parkinson, Alzheimer, cardiomyopathy, drug toxicity, and cancers. We found that biological pathways are involved in mitochondrion dysfunctions including peroxynitrous acid production denoted in brain injuries. Lewy body and neuromelanin were reported as key symptoms in Parkinson disease. Furthermore, calmodulin, and amyloid precursor protein were detected as leader proteins in Alzheimer's diseases. Dexamethasone was reported as the candidate toxic drug under the hypoxia condition that implicates diabetes, osteoporosis, and neurotoxicity. Our results suggested DNA damages caused by the high doses of UV radiation in high-altitude conditions, were associated with breast cancer, ovarian cancer, and colorectal cancer. CONCLUSIONS Our results showed that hypoxia-associated genes were enriched in several gene networks of disorders including Parkinson, Alzheimer, cardiomyopathy, drug toxicity, and different types of cancers. Furthermore, we suggested, UV radiation and low oxygen conditions in high-altitude regions may be responsible for the variety of human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamed Kharrati-Koopaee
- Institute of Biotechnology, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran.
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran.
| | - Esmaeil Ebrahimie
- Institute of Biotechnology, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
- School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
- Genomics Research Platform, School of Life Sciences, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Mohammad Dadpasand
- Department of Animal Science, School of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Ali Niazi
- Institute of Biotechnology, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Rugang Tian
- Institute of Animal Husbandry, Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural & Animal Husbandry Sciences, Hohhot, 010031, China
| | - Ali Esmailizadeh
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran.
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30
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Sahu R, Mishra R, Kumar R, Salahuddin, Majee C, Mazumder A, Kumar A. Pyridine moiety: An insight into recent advances in treatment of cancer. Mini Rev Med Chem 2021; 22:248-272. [PMID: 34126914 DOI: 10.2174/1389557521666210614162031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Revised: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The incidence of cancer is increasing worldwide, affecting a vast majority of the human population. As new different anticancer agents are being developed now, the requirement is to deal somehow with them and evaluate their safety. Among them, pyridine based drugs are contributing a lot, as it is one of the imperative pharmacophores occurring synthetically as well as naturally in heterocyclic compounds, and having a wide range of therapeutic applications in the area of drug discovery, thereby offering many chances for further improvement in antitumor agents via acting onto numerous receptors of extreme prominence. Many pyridine derivatives have been reported to inhibit enzymes, receptors and many other targets for controlling and curing the global health issue of cancer. Nowadays, in combination with other moieties, researchers are focusing on the development of pyridine-based new derivatives for cancer treatment. Therefore, this review sheds light on the recent therapeutic expansions of pyridine together with its molecular docking, structure-activity-relationship, availability in the market, and a summary of recently patented and published research works that shall jointly help the scientists to produce effective drugs with the desired pharmacological activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rakesh Sahu
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medical & Allied Sciences, Galgotias University, Greater Noida-201310, India
| | - Rakhi Mishra
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Noida Institute of Engineering and Technology (Pharmacy Institute), Knowledge Park-II, Greater Noida-201306, India
| | - Rajnish Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Noida Institute of Engineering and Technology (Pharmacy Institute), Knowledge Park-II, Greater Noida-201306, India
| | - Salahuddin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Noida Institute of Engineering and Technology (Pharmacy Institute), Knowledge Park-II, Greater Noida-201306, India
| | - Chandana Majee
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Noida Institute of Engineering and Technology (Pharmacy Institute), Knowledge Park-II, Greater Noida-201306, India
| | - Avijit Mazumder
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Noida Institute of Engineering and Technology (Pharmacy Institute), Knowledge Park-II, Greater Noida-201306, India
| | - Ajay Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Noida Institute of Engineering and Technology (Pharmacy Institute), Knowledge Park-II, Greater Noida-201306, India
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31
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Vecchi L, Araújo TG, Azevedo FVPDV, Mota STS, Ávila VDMR, Ribeiro MA, Goulart LR. Phospholipase A 2 Drives Tumorigenesis and Cancer Aggressiveness through Its Interaction with Annexin A1. Cells 2021; 10:cells10061472. [PMID: 34208346 PMCID: PMC8231270 DOI: 10.3390/cells10061472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Revised: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Phospholipids are suggested to drive tumorigenesis through their essential role in inflammation. Phospholipase A2 (PLA2) is a phospholipid metabolizing enzyme that releases free fatty acids, mostly arachidonic acid, and lysophospholipids, which contribute to the development of the tumor microenvironment (TME), promoting immune evasion, angiogenesis, tumor growth, and invasiveness. The mechanisms mediated by PLA2 are not fully understood, especially because an important inhibitory molecule, Annexin A1, is present in the TME but does not exert its action. Here, we will discuss how Annexin A1 in cancer does not inhibit PLA2 leading to both pro-inflammatory and pro-tumoral signaling pathways. Moreover, Annexin A1 promotes the release of cancer-derived exosomes, which also lead to the enrichment of PLA2 and COX-1 and COX-2 enzymes, contributing to TME formation. In this review, we aim to describe the role of PLA2 in the establishment of TME, focusing on cancer-derived exosomes, and modulatory activities of Annexin A1. Unraveling how these proteins interact in the cancer context can reveal new strategies for the treatment of different tumors. We will also describe the possible strategies to inhibit PLA2 and the approaches that could be used in order to resume the anti-PLA2 function of Annexin A1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara Vecchi
- Laboratory of Nanobiotechnology, Federal University of Uberlandia, Uberlandia 38400-902, MG, Brazil; (L.V.); (T.G.A.); (F.V.P.d.V.A.); (S.T.S.M.)
| | - Thaise Gonçalves Araújo
- Laboratory of Nanobiotechnology, Federal University of Uberlandia, Uberlandia 38400-902, MG, Brazil; (L.V.); (T.G.A.); (F.V.P.d.V.A.); (S.T.S.M.)
- Laboratory of Genetics and Biotechnology, Federal University of Uberlandia, Patos de Minas 387400-128, MG, Brazil;
| | | | - Sara Teixeria Soares Mota
- Laboratory of Nanobiotechnology, Federal University of Uberlandia, Uberlandia 38400-902, MG, Brazil; (L.V.); (T.G.A.); (F.V.P.d.V.A.); (S.T.S.M.)
| | - Veridiana de Melo Rodrigues Ávila
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Animal Toxins, Institute of Biotechnology, Federal University of Uberlandia, Uberlandia 38400-902, MG, Brazil;
| | - Matheus Alves Ribeiro
- Laboratory of Genetics and Biotechnology, Federal University of Uberlandia, Patos de Minas 387400-128, MG, Brazil;
| | - Luiz Ricardo Goulart
- Laboratory of Nanobiotechnology, Federal University of Uberlandia, Uberlandia 38400-902, MG, Brazil; (L.V.); (T.G.A.); (F.V.P.d.V.A.); (S.T.S.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +55-3432258440
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Gupta N, Srivastava SK. Atovaquone Suppresses the Growth of Metastatic Triple-Negative Breast Tumors in Lungs and Brain by Inhibiting Integrin/FAK Signaling Axis. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:ph14060521. [PMID: 34071408 PMCID: PMC8229709 DOI: 10.3390/ph14060521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is considered to be the most aggressive and malignant neoplasm and is highly metastatic in nature. In the current study, we investigated the anti-metastatic potential of atovaquone, a protozoal drug prescribed for Pneumocystis pneumonia. We showed that atovaquone induced apoptosis and reduced the survival of several aggressive metastatic TNBC cell lines including metastatic patient-derived cells by reducing the expression of integrin α6, integrin β4, FAK, Src, and Vimentin. In order to study the efficacy of atovaquone in suppressing metastasized breast tumor cells in brain and lungs, we performed three in vivo experiments. We demonstrated that oral administration of 50 mg/kg of atovaquone suppressed MDA-MB-231 breast tumor growth by 90% in lungs in an intravenous metastatic tumor model. Anti-metastatic effect of atovaquone was further determined by intracardiac injection of 4T1-luc breast tumor cells into the left ventricle of mouse heart. Our results showed that atovaquone treatment suppressed the growth of metastatic tumors in lungs, liver and brain by 70%, 50% and 30% respectively. In an intracranial model, the growth of HCC1806-luc brain tumors in atovaquone treated mice was about 55% less than that of control. Taken together, our results indicate the anti-metastatic effects of atovaquone in vitro and in vivo in various breast tumor metastasis models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nehal Gupta
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX 79106, USA;
- Department of Immunotherapeutics and Biotechnology, and Center for Tumor Immunology and Targeted Cancer Therapy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Abilene, TX 79601, USA
| | - Sanjay K. Srivastava
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX 79106, USA;
- Department of Immunotherapeutics and Biotechnology, and Center for Tumor Immunology and Targeted Cancer Therapy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Abilene, TX 79601, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-325-696-0464
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Arzi L, Hoshyar R. Saffron anti-metastatic properties, ancient spice novel application. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021; 62:3939-3950. [PMID: 33653190 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2020.1871320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Crocus sativus L. (saffron), was applied as a spice, food colorant and medicine since four millennia ago and has been used as a remedy for various maladies. In the last three decades, the anti-primary tumor properties of saffron and its main carotenoids, crocin and crocetin, have been well explored. Despite the fact that metastasis is the leading cause of death in cancer patients, the anti-metastatic potential of saffron and its carotenoids has been surveyed only this decade. This review aims to provide an unprecedented overview of the anti-metastatic effects of saffron, crocin and crocetin, and the mechanisms underlying these effects. Investigations on various cancers demonstrated the anti-migratory, anti-invasion, anti-angiogenic potentials of saffron and its carotenoids, as well as their effects suppressing cell-ECM adhesion and enhancing cell-cell attachment. Saffron and its carotenoids exert their impact through different mechanisms such as reduction of CD34 and suppression of Wnt/β-catenin, Ras/ERK, P38, DCLK1, EMT, matrix metalloproteinases and urokinases. Crocin displayed more effective anti-metastatic potency, in comparison with saffron extract and crocetin. The bioaccessibility/bioavailability, nontoxicity on normal cells, confirmed anti-tumor efficiency and the recent evidence on the anti-metastatic potential of saffron and its carotenoids, recommends them as a propitious multipotent dietary agent and herbal medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laleh Arzi
- Department of Microbiology, Shahr-e-Qods Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reyhane Hoshyar
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
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Mat Lazim N, Elliott M, Wykes J, Clark J. Oligometastases in head and neck carcinoma and their impact on management. ANZ J Surg 2021; 91:2617-2623. [PMID: 33634950 DOI: 10.1111/ans.16622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Historically, patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) with distant metastases were regarded as palliative. Oligometastasis (OM) refers to patients with a limited number of distant metastatic deposits. Treatment of patients with OMs has been reported in patients with lung, colon, breast, prostate and brain malignancies. Selected patients with oligometastatic HNSCC have a higher probability of durable disease control and cure and these patients should be treated aggressively. Treatment options for patients with HNSCC OMs include single or combinations of the three arms of cancer treatment, that is surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy/immunotherapy. To date, there are limited studies reporting the management of OM with head and neck malignancy. This review will give insights into the management of OMs in HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norhafiza Mat Lazim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Malaysia
| | - Michael Elliott
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Chris O'Brien Lifehouse, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,School of Medicine, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - James Wykes
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Chris O'Brien Lifehouse, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jonathan Clark
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Chris O'Brien Lifehouse, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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Phelps TE, Roy J, Green MV, Seidel J, Baidoo KE, Adler S, Edmondson EF, Butcher D, Matta JL, Ton AT, Wong K, Huang S, Ren L, LeBlanc AK, Choyke PL, Jagoda EM. Sodium Fluoride-18 and Radium-223 Dichloride Uptake Colocalize in Osteoblastic Mouse Xenograft Tumors. Cancer Biother Radiopharm 2021; 36:133-142. [PMID: 33646017 DOI: 10.1089/cbr.2020.4068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Patients with osteoblastic bone metastases are candidates for radium-223 (223RaCl2) therapy and may undergo sodium fluoride-18 (18F-NaF) positron emission tomography-computed tomography imaging to identify bone lesions. 18F-NaF has been shown to predict 223RaCl2 uptake, but intratumor distributions of these two agents remain unclear. In this study, the authors evaluate the spatial distribution and relative uptakes of 18F-NaF and 223RaCl2 in Hu09-H3 human osteosarcoma mouse xenograft tumors at macroscopic and microscopic levels to better quantify their correlation. Materials and Methods: 18F-NaF and 223RaCl2 were co-injected into Hu09-H3 xenograft tumor severe combined immunodeficient mice. Tumor content was determined from in vivo biodistributions and visualized by PET, single photon emission computed tomography, and CT imaging. Intratumor distributions were visualized by quantitative autoradiography of tumor tissue sections and compared to histology of the same or adjacent sections. Results: 18F and 223Ra accumulated in proportional amounts in whole Hu09-H3 tumors (r2 = 0.82) and in microcalcified regions within these tumors (r2 = 0.87). Intratumor distributions of 18F and 223Ra were spatially congruent in these microcalcified regions. Conclusions: 18F-NaF and 223RaCl2 uptake are strongly correlated in heterogeneously distributed microcalcified regions of Hu09-H3 xenograft tumors, and thus, tumor accumulation of 18F is predictive of 223Ra accumulation. Hu09-H3 xenograft tumors appear to possess certain histopathological features found in patients with metastatic bone disease and may be useful in clarifying the relationship between administered 223Ra dose and therapeutic effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim E Phelps
- Molecular Imaging Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Jyoti Roy
- Molecular Imaging Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Michael V Green
- Molecular Imaging Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.,Clinical Research Directorate, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research sponsored by the National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Jurgen Seidel
- Molecular Imaging Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.,Clinical Research Directorate, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research sponsored by the National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Kwamena E Baidoo
- Molecular Imaging Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Stephen Adler
- Clinical Research Directorate, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research sponsored by the National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Elijah F Edmondson
- Molecular Histopathology Laboratory, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, NCI, Frederick, Maryland, USA
| | - Donna Butcher
- Molecular Histopathology Laboratory, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, NCI, Frederick, Maryland, USA
| | - Jennifer L Matta
- Molecular Histopathology Laboratory, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, NCI, Frederick, Maryland, USA
| | - Anita T Ton
- Molecular Imaging Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Karen Wong
- Molecular Imaging Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Shan Huang
- Molecular Imaging Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Ling Ren
- Molecular Imaging Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Amy K LeBlanc
- Molecular Imaging Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Peter L Choyke
- Molecular Imaging Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Elaine M Jagoda
- Molecular Imaging Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
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Nafie E, Lolarga J, Lam B, Guo J, Abdollahzadeh E, Rodriguez S, Glackin C, Liu J. Harmine inhibits breast cancer cell migration and invasion by inducing the degradation of Twist1. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0247652. [PMID: 33626096 PMCID: PMC7904211 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0247652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the United States. The majority of deaths (90%) in breast cancer patients is caused by invasion and metastasis-two features related to the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Twist1 is a key transcription factor that promotes the EMT, which leads to cell migration, invasion, cancer metastasis, and therapeutic resistance. Harmine is a beta-carboline alkaloid found in a variety of plants and was recently shown to be able to induce degradation of Twist Family BHLH Transcription Factor 1 (Twist1) in non-small cell lung cancer cells (NSCLC). In this study, we show that harmine can inhibit migration and invasion of both human and mouse breast cancer cells in a dose-dependent manner. Further study shows that this inhibition is most likely achieved by inducing a proteasome-dependent Twist1 degradation. At the concentrations tested, harmine did not affect the viability of cells significantly, suggesting that its inhibition of cancer cell migration and invasion is largely independent of its cytotoxicity, but due to its ability to affect regulators of EMT such as Twist1. This result may facilitate the development of strategies that target Twist1 to treat metastatic breast cancer, as Twist1 is expressed at a high level in metastatic breast cancer cells but not in normal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ebtesam Nafie
- Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, United States of America
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Sciences, Benha University, Benha, Egypt
| | - Jade Lolarga
- Department of Biological Sciences, California State Polytechnic University, Pomona, CA, United States of America
| | - Brandon Lam
- Department of Biological Sciences, California State Polytechnic University, Pomona, CA, United States of America
| | - Jonathan Guo
- Department of Biological Sciences, California State Polytechnic University, Pomona, CA, United States of America
| | - Elnaz Abdollahzadeh
- Department of Biological Sciences, California State Polytechnic University, Pomona, CA, United States of America
| | - Sandy Rodriguez
- Department of Biological Sciences, California State University, Long Beach, CA, United States of America
| | - Carlotta Glackin
- Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, United States of America
| | - Junjun Liu
- Department of Biological Sciences, California State Polytechnic University, Pomona, CA, United States of America
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Nair MG, Somashekaraiah VM, Ramamurthy V, Prabhu JS, Sridhar TS. miRNAs: Critical mediators of breast cancer metastatic programming. Exp Cell Res 2021; 401:112518. [PMID: 33607102 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2021.112518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 02/06/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNA mediated aberrant gene regulation has been implicated in several diseases including cancer. Recent research has highlighted the role of epigenetic modulation of the complex process of breast cancer metastasis by miRNAs. miRNAs play a crucial role in the process of metastatic evolution by facilitating alterations in the phenotype of tumor cells and the tumor microenvironment that promote this process. They act as critical determinants of the multi-step progression starting from carcinogenesis all the way to organotropism. In this review, we focus on the current understanding of the compelling role of miRNAs in breast cancer metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhumathy G Nair
- Division of Molecular Medicine, St. John's Research Institute, Bangalore, India.
| | | | - Vishakha Ramamurthy
- Division of Molecular Medicine, St. John's Research Institute, Bangalore, India
| | - Jyothi S Prabhu
- Division of Molecular Medicine, St. John's Research Institute, Bangalore, India
| | - T S Sridhar
- Division of Molecular Medicine, St. John's Research Institute, Bangalore, India
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38
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Exosomes and exosomal RNAs in breast cancer: A status update. Eur J Cancer 2021; 144:252-268. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2020.11.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Targeting Aquaporins in Novel Therapies for Male and Female Breast and Reproductive Cancers. Cells 2021; 10:cells10020215. [PMID: 33499000 PMCID: PMC7911300 DOI: 10.3390/cells10020215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Aquaporins are membrane channels in the broad family of major intrinsic proteins (MIPs), with 13 classes showing tissue-specific distributions in humans. As key physiological modulators of water and solute homeostasis, mutations, and dysfunctions involving aquaporins have been associated with pathologies in all major organs. Increases in aquaporin expression are associated with greater severity of many cancers, particularly in augmenting motility and invasiveness for example in colon cancers and glioblastoma. However, potential roles of altered aquaporin (AQP) function in reproductive cancers have been understudied to date. Published work reviewed here shows distinct classes aquaporin have differential roles in mediating cancer metastasis, angiogenesis, and resistance to apoptosis. Known mechanisms of action of AQPs in other tissues are proving relevant to understanding reproductive cancers. Emerging patterns show AQPs 1, 3, and 5 in particular are highly expressed in breast, endometrial, and ovarian cancers, consistent with their gene regulation by estrogen response elements, and AQPs 3 and 9 in particular are linked with prostate cancer. Continuing work is defining avenues for pharmacological targeting of aquaporins as potential therapies to reduce female and male reproductive cancer cell growth and invasiveness.
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Kvetkina A, Malyarenko O, Pavlenko A, Dyshlovoy S, von Amsberg G, Ermakova S, Leychenko E. Sea Anemone Heteractis crispa Actinoporin Demonstrates In Vitro Anticancer Activities and Prevents HT-29 Colorectal Cancer Cell Migration. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25245979. [PMID: 33348592 PMCID: PMC7766076 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25245979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Actinoporins are the most abundant group of sea anemone cytolytic toxins. Their membranolytic activity is of high interest for the development of novel anticancer drugs. However, to date the activity of actinoporins in malignant cells has been poorly studied. Here, we report on recombinant analog of Hct-S3 (rHct-S3), belonging to the combinatory library of Heteractis crispa actinoporins. rHct-S3 exhibited cytotoxic activity against breast MDA-MB-231 (IC50 = 7.3 µM), colorectal HT-29 (IC50 = 6.8 µM), and melanoma SK-MEL-28 (IC50 = 8.3 µM) cancer cells. The actinoporin effectively prevented epidermal growth factor -induced neoplastic transformation of JB6 Cl41 cells by 34% ± 0.2 and decreased colony formation of HT-29 cells by 47% ± 0.9, MDA-MB-231 cells by 37% ± 1.2, and SK-MEL-28 cells by 34% ± 3.6. Moreover, rHct-S3 decreased proliferation and suppressed migration of colorectal carcinoma cells by 31% ± 5.0 and 99% ± 6.4, respectively. The potent anti-migratory activity was proposed to mediate by decreased matrix metalloproteinases-2 and -9 expression. In addition, rHct-S3 induced programmed cell death by cleavage of caspase-3 and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase, as well as regulation of Bax and Bcl-2. Our results indicate rHct-S3 to be a promising anticancer drug with a high anti-migratory potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Kvetkina
- G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 159, Pr. 100 let Vladivostoku, Vladivostok 690022, Russia; (O.M.); (A.P.); (S.E.); (E.L.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +7-423-231-1168
| | - Olesya Malyarenko
- G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 159, Pr. 100 let Vladivostoku, Vladivostok 690022, Russia; (O.M.); (A.P.); (S.E.); (E.L.)
| | - Aleksandra Pavlenko
- G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 159, Pr. 100 let Vladivostoku, Vladivostok 690022, Russia; (O.M.); (A.P.); (S.E.); (E.L.)
| | - Sergey Dyshlovoy
- Department of Oncology, Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation with Section Pneumology, Hubertus Wald-Tumorzentrum, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20251 Hamburg, Germany; (S.D.); (G.v.A.)
- Martini-Klinik, Prostate Cancer Center, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20251 Hamburg, Germany
- School of Natural Sciences, Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok 690922, Russia
| | - Gunhild von Amsberg
- Department of Oncology, Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation with Section Pneumology, Hubertus Wald-Tumorzentrum, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20251 Hamburg, Germany; (S.D.); (G.v.A.)
- Martini-Klinik, Prostate Cancer Center, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20251 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Svetlana Ermakova
- G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 159, Pr. 100 let Vladivostoku, Vladivostok 690022, Russia; (O.M.); (A.P.); (S.E.); (E.L.)
| | - Elena Leychenko
- G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 159, Pr. 100 let Vladivostoku, Vladivostok 690022, Russia; (O.M.); (A.P.); (S.E.); (E.L.)
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Park DS, Luddy KA, Robertson-Tessi M, O'Farrelly C, Gatenby RA, Anderson ARA. Searching for Goldilocks: How Evolution and Ecology Can Help Uncover More Effective Patient-Specific Chemotherapies. Cancer Res 2020; 80:5147-5154. [PMID: 32934022 PMCID: PMC10940023 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-19-3981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Revised: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Deaths from cancer are mostly due to metastatic disease that becomes resistant to therapy. A mainstay treatment for many cancers is chemotherapy, for which the dosing strategy is primarily limited by patient toxicity. While this MTD approach builds upon the intuitively appealing principle that maximum therapeutic benefit is achieved by killing the largest possible number of cancer cells, there is increasing evidence that moderation might allow host-specific features to contribute to success. We believe that a "Goldilocks Window" of submaximal chemotherapy will yield improved overall outcomes. This window combines the complex interplay of cancer cell death, immune activity, emergence of chemoresistance, and metastatic dissemination. These multiple activities driven by chemotherapy have tradeoffs that depend on the specific agents used as well as their dosing levels and schedule. Here we present evidence supporting the idea that MTD may not always be the best approach and offer suggestions toward a more personalized treatment regime that integrates insights into patient-specific eco-evolutionary dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derek S Park
- Department of Integrated Mathematical Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida.
| | - Kimberly A Luddy
- Trinity Biosciences Institute, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
- Department of Cancer Physiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida
| | - Mark Robertson-Tessi
- Department of Integrated Mathematical Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida
| | | | - Robert A Gatenby
- Department of Integrated Mathematical Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida
- Department of Radiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida
| | - Alexander R A Anderson
- Department of Integrated Mathematical Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida.
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Imaging Early-Stage Metastases Using an 18F-Labeled VEGFR-1-Specific Single Chain VEGF Mutant. Mol Imaging Biol 2020; 23:340-349. [PMID: 33156495 DOI: 10.1007/s11307-020-01555-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Revised: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Metastatic breast cancer is the second leading cause of cancer-related death in women. The 5-year survival rate for metastatic breast cancer has remained near 26.9 % for over a decade. The recruitment of hematopoietic stem cells with high expression of the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1 (VEGFR-1) has been implicated in early stages of metastasis formation. We propose the use of an 18F-labeled single-chain version of VEGF121, re-engineered to be selective for VEGFR-1 (scVR1), as a positron emission tomography (PET) imaging agent to non-invasively image early-stage metastases. PROCEDURES scVR1 was 18F-labeled via a biorthogonal click reaction between site-specifically trans-cyclooctene functionalized scVR1 and an Al18F labeled tetrazine-NODA (1,4,7-triazacyclononane-1,4-diiacetic acid). The [18F]AlF-NODA-scVR1 was purified using a PD10 column and subsequently analyzed on HPLC to determine radiochemical purity. Animal experiments were performed in 6-8-week-old female BALB/c mice bearing orthotopic primary 4T1 breast tumors or 4T1 metastatic lesions. The [18F]AlF-NODA-scVR1 tracer was administered via tail vein injection; PET imaging and ex vivo analysis was performed 2 h post-injection. RESULTS The [18F]AlF-NODA-scVR1 was prepared with a 98.2 ± 1.5 % radiochemical purity and an apparent molar activity of 7.5 ± 1.2 GBq/μmol. The specific binding of scVR1 to VEGFR-1 was confirmed via bead-based assay. The ex vivo biodistribution showed tumor uptake of 3.5 ± 0.5 % ID/g and was readily observable in PET images. Metastasis formation was detected with [18F]AlF-NODA-scVR1 tracer showing colocalization with bioluminescent imaging as well as ex vivo autoradiography and immunofluorescent staining of VEGFR-1. CONCLUSIONS The diagnostic capabilities of the [18F]AlF-NODA-scVR1 PET tracer was confirmed in both orthotopic and metastatic murine cancer models. These results support the potential use of [18F]AlF-NODA-scVR1 as a PET tracer that could image metastases, providing clinicians with an additional tool to assess a patient's need for adjuvant therapies.
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Kim K, Sohn YJ, Lee R, Yoo HJ, Kang JY, Choi N, Na D, Yeon JH. Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts Differentiated by Exosomes Isolated from Cancer Cells Promote Cancer Cell Invasion. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21218153. [PMID: 33142759 PMCID: PMC7662577 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21218153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) in the cancer microenvironment play an essential role in metastasis. Differentiation of endothelial cells into CAFs is induced by cancer cell-derived exosomes secreted from cancer cells that transfer molecular signals to surrounding cells. Differentiated CAFs facilitate migration of cancer cells to different regions through promoting extracellular matrix (ECM) modifications. However, in vitro models in which endothelial cells exposed to cancer cell-derived exosomes secreted from various cancer cell types differentiate into CAFs or a microenvironmentally controlled model for investigating cancer cell invasion by CAFs have not yet been studied. In this study, we propose a three-dimensional in vitro cancer cell invasion model for real-time monitoring of the process of forming a cancer invasion site through CAFs induced by exosomes isolated from three types of cancer cell lines. The invasiveness of cancer cells with CAFs induced by cancer cell-derived exosomes (eCAFs) was significantly higher than that of CAFs induced by cancer cells (cCAFs) through physiological and genetic manner. In addition, different genetic tendencies of the invasion process were observed in the process of invading cancer cells according to CAFs. Our 3D microfluidic platform helps to identify specific interactions among multiple factors within the cancer microenvironment and provides a model for cancer drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimin Kim
- Department of Integrative Biosciences, University of Brain Education (UBE), Cheonan 31228, Korea; (K.K.); (Y.J.S.); (R.L.); (H.J.Y.)
| | - Yeh Joo Sohn
- Department of Integrative Biosciences, University of Brain Education (UBE), Cheonan 31228, Korea; (K.K.); (Y.J.S.); (R.L.); (H.J.Y.)
| | - Ruri Lee
- Department of Integrative Biosciences, University of Brain Education (UBE), Cheonan 31228, Korea; (K.K.); (Y.J.S.); (R.L.); (H.J.Y.)
| | - Hye Ju Yoo
- Department of Integrative Biosciences, University of Brain Education (UBE), Cheonan 31228, Korea; (K.K.); (Y.J.S.); (R.L.); (H.J.Y.)
| | - Ji Yoon Kang
- Center for BioMicrosystems, Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Korea; (J.Y.K.); (N.C.)
- Division of Bio-Medical Science & Technology (Biomedical Engineering), KIST School, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Seoul 02792, Korea
| | - Nakwon Choi
- Center for BioMicrosystems, Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Korea; (J.Y.K.); (N.C.)
- Division of Bio-Medical Science & Technology (Biomedical Engineering), KIST School, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Seoul 02792, Korea
| | - Dokyun Na
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea
- Correspondence: (D.N.); (J.H.Y.); Tel.: +82-2-820-5690 (D.N.); +82-41-529-2621 (J.H.Y.); Fax: +82-2-814-2651 (D.N.); +82-41-529-2674 (J.H.Y.)
| | - Ju Hun Yeon
- Department of Integrative Biosciences, University of Brain Education (UBE), Cheonan 31228, Korea; (K.K.); (Y.J.S.); (R.L.); (H.J.Y.)
- Correspondence: (D.N.); (J.H.Y.); Tel.: +82-2-820-5690 (D.N.); +82-41-529-2621 (J.H.Y.); Fax: +82-2-814-2651 (D.N.); +82-41-529-2674 (J.H.Y.)
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Mishra R, Nathani S, Varshney R, Sircar D, Roy P. Berberine reverses epithelial-mesenchymal transition and modulates histone methylation in osteosarcoma cells. Mol Biol Rep 2020; 47:8499-8511. [PMID: 33074411 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-020-05892-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is the most frequently occurring cancer in children as well as young adolescents and the metastatic forms worsen this condition to a further great extent. The metastatic dissemination of cancer cells is often acquired through a process of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Since, phytochemicals have attracted intense interest in recent years due to their diverse pharmacological effects, in the present study, we investigated if berberine, a naturally occurring isoquinoline quaternary alkaloid, could modulate the EMT in osteosarcoma cells. Our experimental studies showed that berberine reduced cell viability, colony formation, wound healing ability and migration of osteosarcoma cells. Also, berberine significantly reduced the expression of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2, suggesting its inhibitory action on the matrix metalloproteinases that are required for cancer cell invasion. The significant reduction in the expression of vimentin, N-cadherin, fibronectin and increased expression of E-cadherin further suggested its role in the inhibition of EMT in osteosarcoma cells. The downregulation of H3K27me3, as well as the decreased expression of the histone methyl transferase enzyme EZH2, further substantiated the fact that the plant alkaloid can be used as an epigenetic modulator in the treatment of osteosarcoma. In conclusion, our findings suggest that berberine inhibits proliferation and migration of osteosarcoma cells and most importantly reverses EMT along with modulation of key epigenetic regulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rutusmita Mishra
- Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, Uttarakhand, 247 667, India
| | - Sandip Nathani
- Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, Uttarakhand, 247 667, India
| | - Ritu Varshney
- Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, Uttarakhand, 247 667, India
| | - Debabrata Sircar
- Plant Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, Uttarakhand, 247 667, India
| | - Partha Roy
- Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, Uttarakhand, 247 667, India.
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Mendes C, Serpa J. Revisiting lactate dynamics in cancer—a metabolic expertise or an alternative attempt to survive? J Mol Med (Berl) 2020; 98:1397-1414. [DOI: 10.1007/s00109-020-01965-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Revised: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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46
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Sereno M, Videira M, Wilhelm I, Krizbai IA, Brito MA. miRNAs in Health and Disease: A Focus on the Breast Cancer Metastatic Cascade towards the Brain. Cells 2020; 9:E1790. [PMID: 32731349 PMCID: PMC7463742 DOI: 10.3390/cells9081790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Revised: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that mainly act by binding to target genes to regulate their expression. Due to the multitude of genes regulated by miRNAs they have been subject of extensive research in the past few years. This state-of-the-art review summarizes the current knowledge about miRNAs and illustrates their role as powerful regulators of physiological processes. Moreover, it highlights their aberrant expression in disease, including specific cancer types and the differential hosting-metastases preferences that influence several steps of tumorigenesis. Considering the incidence of breast cancer and that the metastatic disease is presently the major cause of death in women, emphasis is put in the role of miRNAs in breast cancer and in the regulation of the different steps of the metastatic cascade. Furthermore, we depict their involvement in the cascade of events underlying breast cancer brain metastasis formation and development. Collectively, this review shall contribute to a better understanding of the uniqueness of the biologic roles of miRNAs in these processes, to the awareness of miRNAs as new and reliable biomarkers and/or of therapeutic targets, which can change the landscape of a poor prognosis and low survival rates condition of advanced breast cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Sereno
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal; (M.S.); (M.V.)
| | - Mafalda Videira
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal; (M.S.); (M.V.)
- Department of Galenic Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Imola Wilhelm
- Institute of Biophysics, Biological Research Centre, Szeged, Hungary, Temesvári krt. 62, 6726 Szeged, Hungary; (I.W.); (I.A.K.)
- Institute of Life Sciences, Vasile Goldiş Western University of Arad, Arad, Romania, Str. Liviu Rebreanu 86, 310414 Arad, Romania
| | - István A. Krizbai
- Institute of Biophysics, Biological Research Centre, Szeged, Hungary, Temesvári krt. 62, 6726 Szeged, Hungary; (I.W.); (I.A.K.)
- Institute of Life Sciences, Vasile Goldiş Western University of Arad, Arad, Romania, Str. Liviu Rebreanu 86, 310414 Arad, Romania
| | - Maria Alexandra Brito
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal; (M.S.); (M.V.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Human Biology, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
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47
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Ma L, Zhang Y, Hu F. miR‑28‑5p inhibits the migration of breast cancer by regulating WSB2. Int J Mol Med 2020; 46:1562-1570. [PMID: 32945370 PMCID: PMC7447326 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2020.4685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs or miRs) play an important role in the tumorigenesis and progression of breast cancer. However, the function of miR‑28‑5p in breast cancer migration has yet to be determined. In the present study, Human MicroRNA Expression Database (HMED) analysis revealed that the expression level of miR‑28‑5p was significantly lower in breast cancer tissue than in normal breast tissue. Kaplan-‑Meier plotter (KMPLOT) analysis revealed that the low expression level of miR‑28‑5p was associated with a poor survival in breast cancer. In addition, reverse transcription‑quantitative PCR (RT‑qPCR) revealed that the expression of miR‑28‑5p was significantly lower in breast cancer cell lines compared with that in human mammary epithelial cells (HMECs). Moreover, transfection with miR‑28‑5p mimics suppressed the migration of MCF‑7 cells, whereas an miR‑28‑5p inhibitor exerted the opposite effect. Gene chip assay identified 648 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in cells overexpressing miR‑28‑5p. The DEGs are enriched in the 'focal adhesion' and 'pathway in cancer' pathways. The expression levels of Ras‑related protein Rap‑1b (RAP1B), WD repeat and SOCS box containing 2 (WSB2) and vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) were confirmed by RT‑qPCR. Furthermore, transfection with miR‑28‑5p mimics decreased WSB2 expression, whereas the miR‑28‑5p inhibitor increased the expression of WSB2, at both the transcriptional and translational levels. miR‑28‑5p targets the 3'UTR of WSB2, and the binding site is conserved in multiple species, with a consensus motif of 5'‑AGCUCCUU‑3'. Moreover, WSB2 overexpression promoted the migration of MCF‑7 cells which had been inhibited by miR‑28‑5p. UALCAN analysis revealed that WSB2 was significantly upregulated in primary breast tumor tissue, and a high expression level of WSB2 was associated with a poor survival in breast cancer. Furthermore, immunohistochemistry revealed that the expression of WSB2 was markedly higher in breast cancer tissue compared with that in adjacent normal breast tissue. Taken together, the findings of the present study demonstrate that miR‑28‑5p inhibits the migration of breast cancer cells by regulating WSB2 expression, and the miR‑28‑5p/WSB2 axis may be a novel therapeutic target in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Ma
- College of Life Sciences, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei 063210, P.R. China
| | - Yunfeng Zhang
- Department of Life Sciences, Tangshan Normal University, Tangshan, Hebei 063000, P.R. China
| | - Fen Hu
- College of Life Sciences, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei 063210, P.R. China
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48
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Sin ZW, Bhardwaj V, Pandey AK, Garg M. A brief overview of antitumoral actions of bruceine D. EXPLORATION OF TARGETED ANTI-TUMOR THERAPY 2020; 1:200-217. [PMID: 36046775 PMCID: PMC9400783 DOI: 10.37349/etat.2020.00013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer remains the second leading cause of mortality globally. In combating cancer, conventional chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy are administered as first-line therapy. However, these are usually accompanied with adverse side effects that decrease the quality of patient’s lives. As such, natural bioactive compounds have gained an attraction in the scientific and medical community as evidence of their anticancer properties and attenuation of side effects mounted. In particular, quassinoids have been found to exhibit a plethora of inhibitory activities such as anti-proliferative effects on tumor development and metastasis. Recently, bruceine D, a quassinoid isolated from the shrub Brucea javanica (L.) Merr. (Simaroubaceae), has come under immense investigation on its antineoplastic properties in various human cancers including pancreas, breast, lung, blood, bone, and liver. In this review, we have highlighted the antineoplastic effects of bruceine D and its mode of actions in different tumor models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi Wayne Sin
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117600, Singapore
| | - Vipul Bhardwaj
- Amity Institute of Molecular Medicine and Stem cell Research (AIMMSCR), Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida 201313, India
| | - Amit Kumar Pandey
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Haryana, Manesar, Haryana 122413, India
| | - Manoj Garg
- Amity Institute of Molecular Medicine and Stem cell Research (AIMMSCR), Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida 201313, India
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Kareliotis G, Tremi I, Kaitatzi M, Drakaki E, Serafetinides AA, Makropoulou M, Georgakilas AG. Combined radiation strategies for novel and enhanced cancer treatment. Int J Radiat Biol 2020; 96:1087-1103. [PMID: 32602416 DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2020.1787544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Numerous studies focus on cancer therapy worldwide, and although many advances have been recorded, the complexity of the disease dictates thinking out of the box to confront it. This study reviews some of the currently available ionizing (IR) and non-ionizing radiation (NIR)-based treatment methods and explores their possible combinations that lead to synergistic, multimodal approaches with promising therapeutic outcomes. Traditional techniques, like radiotherapy (RT) show decent results, although they cannot spare 100% the healthy tissues neighboring with the cancer ones. Targeted therapies, such as proton and photodynamic therapy (PT and PDT, respectively) present adequate outcomes, even though each one has its own drawbacks. To overcome these limitations, the combination of therapeutic modalities has been proposed and has already been showing promising results. At the same time, the recent advances in nanotechnology in the form of nanoparticles enhance cancer therapy, making multimodal treatments worthy of exploring and studying. The combination of RT and PDT has reached the level of clinical trials and is showing promising results. Moreover, in vitro and in vivo studies of nanoparticles with PDT have also provided beneficial results concerning enhanced radiation treatments. In any case, novel and multimodal approaches have to be adopted to achieve personalized, enhanced and effective cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgios Kareliotis
- Department of Physics, School of Applied Mathematical and Physical Sciences, National Technical University of Athens (NTUA), Athens, Greece
| | - Ioanna Tremi
- Department of Physics, School of Applied Mathematical and Physical Sciences, National Technical University of Athens (NTUA), Athens, Greece
| | - Myrsini Kaitatzi
- Department of Physics, School of Applied Mathematical and Physical Sciences, National Technical University of Athens (NTUA), Athens, Greece
| | - Eleni Drakaki
- Department of Physics, School of Applied Mathematical and Physical Sciences, National Technical University of Athens (NTUA), Athens, Greece
| | - Alexandros A Serafetinides
- Department of Physics, School of Applied Mathematical and Physical Sciences, National Technical University of Athens (NTUA), Athens, Greece
| | - Mersini Makropoulou
- Department of Physics, School of Applied Mathematical and Physical Sciences, National Technical University of Athens (NTUA), Athens, Greece
| | - Alexandros G Georgakilas
- Department of Physics, School of Applied Mathematical and Physical Sciences, National Technical University of Athens (NTUA), Athens, Greece
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50
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Aramini B, Masciale V, Haider KH. Defining lung cancer stem cells exosomal payload of miRNAs in clinical perspective. World J Stem Cells 2020; 12:406-421. [PMID: 32742559 PMCID: PMC7360993 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v12.i6.406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Revised: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Since the first publication regarding the existence of stem cells in cancer [cancer stem cells (CSCs)] in 1994, many studies have been published providing in-depth information about their biology and function. This research has paved the way in terms of appreciating the role of CSCs in tumour aggressiveness, progression, recurrence and resistance to cancer therapy. Targeting CSCs for cancer therapy has still not progressed to a sufficient degree, particularly in terms of exploring the mechanism of dynamic interconversion between CSCs and non-CSCs. Besides the CSC scenario, the problem of cancer dissemination has been analyzed in-depth with the identification and isolation of microRNAs (miRs), which are now considered to be compelling molecular markers in the diagnosis and prognosis of tumours in general and specifically in patients with non-small cell lung cancer. Paracrine release of miRs via “exosomes” (small membrane vesicles (30-100 nm), the derivation of which lies in the luminal membranes of multi-vesicular bodies) released by fusion with the cell membrane is gaining popularity. Whether exosomes play a significant role in maintaining a dynamic equilibrium state between CSCs and non-CSCs and their mechanism of activity is as yet unknown. Future studies on CSC-related exosomes will provide new perspectives for precision-targeted treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatrice Aramini
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena 41124, Italy
| | - Valentina Masciale
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena 41124, Italy
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