1
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Kamal A, Awan AR, Rabbani M, Sheikh HR, Tayyab M, Firyal S, Khan IH, Wasim M. The interplay of PTEN and AKT nexus in breast cancer: a molecular perspective. Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:345. [PMID: 38400870 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-024-09223-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer is a highly prevalent and life-threatening ailment that is commonly detected among the females. The downregulation of PTEN in breast cancer is associated with a poor prognosis, aggressive tumor type, and metastasis to lymph nodes, as it activates the pro-survival pathway PI3K/AKT, which is considered the ultimate proliferative pathway. MATERIAL AND METHODS The mRNA expression of PTEN and AKT genes was investigated using RT-qPCR and TaqMan primer probe chemistry. Moreover DNA was also isolated from the same tissue samples and exonic regions of both genes were amplified for mutational analysis. The proteins expression of PTEN and AKT from seven human breast cancer cell lines was checked through western blot experiments. RESULT The study revealed a decrease in PTEN expression in 73.3% of the samples, whereas an increase in AKT expression in 40% of samples was observed when compared to the distant normal breast tissue. Conversely, the remaining 60% of samples exhibited a decrease in AKT mRNA expression. There was no observed alteration in the genetic sequence of AKT and PTEN within the targeted amplified regions of breast cancer samples. The high levels of PTEN protein in T-47D and MDA-MB-453 resulted in a lower p-AKT. Two cell lines ZR-75-1 and MDA-MB-468 appeared to be PTEN negative on western blot but mRNA was detected on RT-qPCR. CONCLUSION In breast cancer the status/expression of PTEN & AKT at mRNA and protein level might be obliging in forecasting the path of disease progression, treatment and prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anum Kamal
- Lahore Garrison University, Lahore, Pakistan
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Ali Raza Awan
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Masood Rabbani
- Institute of Microbiology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | | | - Muhammad Tayyab
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Sehrish Firyal
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Imran H Khan
- Clinical Proteomics Core Lab, Department of Medical Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Muhammad Wasim
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan.
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2
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Mohammaddoust S, Sadeghizadeh M. Mir-183 functions as an oncogene via decreasing PTEN in breast cancer cells. Sci Rep 2023; 13:8086. [PMID: 37208413 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-35059-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Regarding the important role of microRNAs in breast cancer, investigating the molecular mechanisms of miRs and their impacts on breast cancer progression is critical. Thus, the present work aimed to investigate the molecular mechanism of miR-183 in breast cancer. PTEN was validated by dual luciferase assay as a target gene of miR-183. Through qRT-PCR analysis, miR-183 and PTEN mRNA levels in breast cancer cell lines were measured. To determine the impacts of miR-183 on cell viability, the MTT assay was used. Moreover, flowcytometry was applied to analyze the effects of miR-183 on the cell cycle progression. To detect the effects of miR-183 on the migration of BC cell lines, wound healing was used along with a Trans-well migration assay. Western blot was utilized to assess the effect of miR-183 on PTEN protein expression. MiR-183 can exert an oncogenic effect by promoting cell viability, migration, and cell cycle progression. It was revealed that cellular oncogenicity is positively regulated by miR-183 by inhibiting the expression of PTEN. According to the present data, miR-183 may play a vital role in the progression of breast cancer by reducing PTEN expression. It may be also a potential therapeutic target for this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samaneh Mohammaddoust
- Genetics Department, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Majid Sadeghizadeh
- Genetics Department, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
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3
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Zhang D, Wang Y, Zhao F, Yang Q. Integrated multiomics analyses unveil the implication of a costimulatory molecule score on tumor aggressiveness and immune evasion in breast cancer: A large-scale study through over 8,000 patients. Comput Biol Med 2023; 159:106866. [PMID: 37068318 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2023.106866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although immunotherapy has revolutionised cancer management, reliable genomic biomarkers for identifying eligible patient subpopulations are lacking. Costimulatory molecules play a crucial role in mounting anti-tumour responses, and clinical trials targeting these novel biomarkers are underway. However, whether these molecules can determine tumour aggressiveness and the risk of tumour evasion in breast cancer (BC) remains largely unknown. METHODS The whole-tissue transcriptomic data of 8236 patients with BC from 15 independent cohorts were extracted. An integrated scoring system named 'costimulatory molecule score' (CMS) was constructed and sufficient validated using least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression (1000 iterations) and the random survival forest algorithm (1000 trees). The correlation among CMSs, cancer genotypes and clinicopathological characteristics was examined. Extensive multiomics and immunogenomic analyses were performed to investigate and verify the association among CMSs, enriched pathways, potential intrinsic and extrinsic immune escape mechanisms, immunotherapy response and therapeutic options. RESULTS The predictive role of CMS model that relies on expression pattern of merely 5 costimulatory genes for prognosis is almost universally applicable to BC patients in a platform-independent manner. Through internal and external in silico validation, high CMS was characterized by favorable genotypes but decreased tumor immunogenicity, activation of stroma, immune-suppressive states and potential immunotherapeutic resistance. Similar results were observed in a real-world immunotherapy cohort and Pan-Cancer analysis. CONCLUSION This comprehensive characterization indicates CMS model may be complemented for predicting tumor aggressiveness and immune evasion in BC patients, underlining the future clinical potential for further exploration of resistance mechanisms and optimization of immunotherapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Zhang
- Department of Breast Surgery, General Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China; Department of Clinical Medicine, The First Clinical College, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Yingnan Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery, General Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China; Department of Clinical Medicine, The First Clinical College, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Faming Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Qifeng Yang
- Department of Breast Surgery, General Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China; Pathology Tissue Bank, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China; Research Institute of Breast Cancer, Shandong University, Jinan, 250102, China.
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4
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Disciglio V, Sanese P, Fasano C, Lotesoriere C, Valentini AM, Forte G, Lepore Signorile M, De Marco K, Grossi V, Lolli I, Cariola F, Simone C. Identification and Somatic Characterization of the Germline PTEN Promoter Variant rs34149102 in a Family with Gastrointestinal and Breast Tumors. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:644. [PMID: 35456450 PMCID: PMC9025445 DOI: 10.3390/genes13040644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Genetic variants located in non-coding regions can affect processes that regulate protein expression, functionally contributing to human disease. Germline heterozygous mutations in the non-coding region of the PTEN gene have been previously identified in patients with PTEN hamartoma tumor syndrome (PHTS) diagnosed with breast, thyroid, and/or endometrial cancer. In this study, we report a PTEN promoter variant (rs34149102 A allele) that was identified by direct sequencing in an Italian family with a history of gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) adenocarcinoma and breast cancer. In order to investigate the putative functional role of the rs34149102 A allele variant, we evaluated the status of PTEN alterations at the somatic level. We found that PTEN protein expression was absent in the GEJ adenocarcinoma tissue of the index case. Moreover, we detected the occurrence of copy number loss involving the PTEN rs34149102 major C allele in tumor tissue, revealing that the second allele was somatically inactivated. This variant is located within an active regulatory region of the PTEN core promoter, and in silico analysis suggests that it may affect the binding of the nuclear transcription factor MAZ and hence PTEN expression. Overall, these results reveal the functional role of the PTEN promoter rs34149102 A allele variant in the modulation of PTEN protein expression and highlight its contribution to hereditary cancer risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vittoria Disciglio
- Medical Genetics, National Institute of Gastroenterology—IRCCS “S. de Bellis” Research Hospital, Castellana Grotte, 70013 Bari, Italy; (V.D.); (P.S.); (C.F.); (G.F.); (M.L.S.); (K.D.M.); (V.G.); (F.C.)
| | - Paola Sanese
- Medical Genetics, National Institute of Gastroenterology—IRCCS “S. de Bellis” Research Hospital, Castellana Grotte, 70013 Bari, Italy; (V.D.); (P.S.); (C.F.); (G.F.); (M.L.S.); (K.D.M.); (V.G.); (F.C.)
| | - Candida Fasano
- Medical Genetics, National Institute of Gastroenterology—IRCCS “S. de Bellis” Research Hospital, Castellana Grotte, 70013 Bari, Italy; (V.D.); (P.S.); (C.F.); (G.F.); (M.L.S.); (K.D.M.); (V.G.); (F.C.)
| | - Claudio Lotesoriere
- Oncology Unit, National Institute of Gastroenterology—IRCCS “S. de Bellis” Research Hospital, Castellana Grotte, 70013 Bari, Italy; (C.L.); (I.L.)
| | - Anna Maria Valentini
- Department of Pathology, National Institute of Gastroenterology—IRCCS “S. de Bellis” Research Hospital, Castellana Grotte, 70013 Bari, Italy;
| | - Giovanna Forte
- Medical Genetics, National Institute of Gastroenterology—IRCCS “S. de Bellis” Research Hospital, Castellana Grotte, 70013 Bari, Italy; (V.D.); (P.S.); (C.F.); (G.F.); (M.L.S.); (K.D.M.); (V.G.); (F.C.)
| | - Martina Lepore Signorile
- Medical Genetics, National Institute of Gastroenterology—IRCCS “S. de Bellis” Research Hospital, Castellana Grotte, 70013 Bari, Italy; (V.D.); (P.S.); (C.F.); (G.F.); (M.L.S.); (K.D.M.); (V.G.); (F.C.)
| | - Katia De Marco
- Medical Genetics, National Institute of Gastroenterology—IRCCS “S. de Bellis” Research Hospital, Castellana Grotte, 70013 Bari, Italy; (V.D.); (P.S.); (C.F.); (G.F.); (M.L.S.); (K.D.M.); (V.G.); (F.C.)
| | - Valentina Grossi
- Medical Genetics, National Institute of Gastroenterology—IRCCS “S. de Bellis” Research Hospital, Castellana Grotte, 70013 Bari, Italy; (V.D.); (P.S.); (C.F.); (G.F.); (M.L.S.); (K.D.M.); (V.G.); (F.C.)
| | - Ivan Lolli
- Oncology Unit, National Institute of Gastroenterology—IRCCS “S. de Bellis” Research Hospital, Castellana Grotte, 70013 Bari, Italy; (C.L.); (I.L.)
| | - Filomena Cariola
- Medical Genetics, National Institute of Gastroenterology—IRCCS “S. de Bellis” Research Hospital, Castellana Grotte, 70013 Bari, Italy; (V.D.); (P.S.); (C.F.); (G.F.); (M.L.S.); (K.D.M.); (V.G.); (F.C.)
| | - Cristiano Simone
- Medical Genetics, National Institute of Gastroenterology—IRCCS “S. de Bellis” Research Hospital, Castellana Grotte, 70013 Bari, Italy; (V.D.); (P.S.); (C.F.); (G.F.); (M.L.S.); (K.D.M.); (V.G.); (F.C.)
- Medical Genetics, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology (DIMO), University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy
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5
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Dong M, Shen W, Yang G, Yang Z, Li X. Analysis of m6A Methylation Modification Patterns and Tumor Immune Microenvironment in Breast Cancer. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:785058. [PMID: 35178386 PMCID: PMC8846385 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.785058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Increasing evidence indicates that the abnormal expression of N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification is closely related to the epigenetic regulation of immune response in breast cancer (BC). However, the potential roles of m6A modification in the tumor microenvironment (TME) of BC remain unclear. For addressing this issue, we comprehensively analyzed the m6A modification patterns in 983 samples and correlated these modification patterns with TME immune cell infiltration, based on 23 kinds of m6A regulators. Principal component analysis (PCA) was used to construct the m6A scoring system to quantify the modification pattern of m6A of BC individuals. Consequently, three different m6A modification patterns were identified, and the infiltrating characteristics of TME cells were consistent with the three immune phenotypes, including immune rejection, immune inflammation, and immune desert. Besides, our analysis showed that the prognosis of patients could be predicted by evaluating the m6A modification pattern in the tumor. The low m6Ascore corresponded to increased mutation burden and immune activation, while stroma activation and lack of immune infiltration were observed in high m6Ascore subtypes. In addition, a low m6Ascore was associated with enhanced response to anti-PD-1/PD-L1 immunotherapy. In conclusion, the m6A modification pattern was closely related to the BC immune landscape. This well-validated score model of the m6A modification patterns will provide a valuable tool to depict the tumor immune state and guide effective tumor immunotherapy for combating BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Menglu Dong
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wenzhuang Shen
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Guang Yang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhifang Yang
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xingrui Li
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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6
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Zhu G, Liu Y, Zhao L, Lin Z, Piao Y. The Significance of SIX1 as a Prognostic Biomarker for Survival Outcome in Various Cancer Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Front Oncol 2021; 11:622331. [PMID: 34745930 PMCID: PMC8567106 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.622331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Sine Oculis Homeobox Homolog 1 (SIX1) is reported to promote cancer initiation and progression in many preclinical models and is demonstrated in human cancer tissues. However, the correlation between SIX1 and cancer patients’ prognosis has not yet been systematically evaluated. Therefore, we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis in various human cancer types and extracted some data from TCGA datasets for further verification and perfection. We constructed 27 studies and estimated the association between SIX1 expression in various cancer patients’ overall survival and verified with TCGA datasets. Twenty-seven studies with 4899 patients are include in the analysis of overall, and disease-free survival, most of them were retrospective. The pooled hazard ratios (HRs) for overall and disease-free survival in high SIX1 expression patients were 1.54 (95% CI: 1.32-1.80, P<0.00001) and 1.83 (95% CI: 1.31-2.55, P=0.0004) respectively. On subgroup analysis classified in cancer type, high SIX1 expression was associated with poor overall survival in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HR 1.50; 95% CI: 1.17-1.93, P =0.001), breast cancer (HR 1.31; 95% CI: 1.10-1.55, P =0.002) and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (HR 1.89; 95% CI: 1.42-2.52, P<0.0001). Next, we utilized TCGA online datasets, and the consistent results were verified in various cancer types. SIX1 expression indicated its potential to serve as a cancer biomarker and deliver prognostic information in various cancer patients. More works still need to improve the understandings of SIX1 expression and prognosis in different cancer types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang Zhu
- Guangdong Provincial Education Department Key Laboratory of Nano-Immunoregulation Tumour Microenvironment, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Tumor Research Center, Medical School of Yanbian University, Key Laboratory of Pathobiology of High Frequency Oncology in Ethnic Minority Areas (Yanbian University), State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Yanji, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Tumor Research Center, Medical School of Yanbian University, Key Laboratory of Pathobiology of High Frequency Oncology in Ethnic Minority Areas (Yanbian University), State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Yanji, China
| | - Lei Zhao
- Tumor Research Center, Medical School of Yanbian University, Key Laboratory of Pathobiology of High Frequency Oncology in Ethnic Minority Areas (Yanbian University), State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Yanji, China
| | - Zhenhua Lin
- Tumor Research Center, Medical School of Yanbian University, Key Laboratory of Pathobiology of High Frequency Oncology in Ethnic Minority Areas (Yanbian University), State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Yanji, China.,Key Laboratory of Science and Technology Department of Jilin Province, Key Laboratory of Changbai Mountain Natural Medicine of Ministry of Education, Yanbian University, Yanji, China
| | - Yingshi Piao
- Tumor Research Center, Medical School of Yanbian University, Key Laboratory of Pathobiology of High Frequency Oncology in Ethnic Minority Areas (Yanbian University), State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Yanji, China.,Key Laboratory of Science and Technology Department of Jilin Province, Key Laboratory of Changbai Mountain Natural Medicine of Ministry of Education, Yanbian University, Yanji, China
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7
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Grencewicz DJ, Romigh T, Thacker S, Abbas A, Jaini R, Luse D, Eng C. Redefining the PTEN promoter: Identification of novel upstream transcription start regions. Hum Mol Genet 2021; 30:2135-2148. [PMID: 34218272 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddab175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Revised: 06/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Germline mutation of PTEN is causally observed in Cowden syndrome (CS) and is one of the most common, penetrant risk genes for autism spectrum disorder (ASD). However, the majority of individuals who present with CS-like clinical features are PTEN-mutation negative. Reassessment of PTEN promoter regulation may help explain abnormal PTEN dosage, as only the minimal promoter and coding regions are currently included in diagnostic PTEN mutation analysis. Therefore, we reanalyzed the architecture of the PTEN promoter using next-generation sequencing datasets. Specifically, run-on sequencing assays identified two additional transcription start regions (TSRs) at -2053 and - 1906 basepairs from the canonical start of PTEN, thus extending the PTEN 5'UTR and redefining the PTEN promoter. We show that these novel upstream TSRs are active in cancer cell lines, human cancer, and normal tissue. Further, these TSRs can produce novel PTEN transcripts due to the introduction of new splice donors at -2041, -1826, and - 1355, which may allow for splicing out of the PTEN 5'UTR or the first and second exon in upstream-initiated transcripts. Combining ENCODE ChIP-seq and pertinent literature, we also compile and analyze all transcription factors (TFs) binding at the redefined PTEN locus. Enrichment analyses suggest that TFs bind specifically to the upstream TSRs may be implicated in inflammatory processes. Together, these data redefine the architecture of the PTEN promoter, an important step toward a comprehensive model of PTEN transcription regulation, a basis for future investigations into the new promoters' role in disease pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dennis J Grencewicz
- Genomic Medicine Institute, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
| | - Todd Romigh
- Genomic Medicine Institute, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA.,Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Stetson Thacker
- Genomic Medicine Institute, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA.,Department of Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Ata Abbas
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.,Developmental Therapeutics Program, CASE Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Ritika Jaini
- Genomic Medicine Institute, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA.,Department of Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.,Developmental Therapeutics Program, CASE Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.,Germline High Risk Focus Group, CASE Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Donal Luse
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA.,Department of Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Charis Eng
- Genomic Medicine Institute, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA.,Department of Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.,Germline High Risk Focus Group, CASE Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.,Center for Personalized Genetic Healthcare, Cleveland Clinic Community Care and Population Health, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA.,Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
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8
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Li Y, Zhang M, Li F. LncRNA AY343892 inhibits breast cancer development by positively regulating BRCA1-mediated transcription of PTEN. Histol Histopathol 2020; 35:1171-1180. [PMID: 32754899 DOI: 10.14670/hh-18-245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer remains a major challenge despite dramatic advances in cancer research. The long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) has been reported to associate with carcinogenesis and progression of various cancers. In this research, we found that lncRNA AY343892 was significantly down-regulated in breast cancer tissues and cells. Besides, breast cancer patients with high AY343892 level exhibited a favorable prognosis. Functional assays indicated that overexpression of AY343892 significantly inhibited proliferation and promoted apoptosis in breast cancer cells. In terms of mechanism, PTEN and BRCA1 were confirmed to be regulated by AY343892 in breast cancer. Luciferase activity and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assays indicated that AY343892 can regulate the promoter of PTEN by binding to BCRA1. Further investigation suggested that knockdown of AY343892 significantly promoted MDA-MB-231 cell proliferation and inhibited MDA-MB-231 cell apoptosis. However, these effects were reversed when PTEN was up-regulated. Moreover, PTEN silence can also countervail the inhibitory effect of overexpressed BCRA1 or AY343892 on the expressions of genes related to proliferation and apoptosis in breast cancer. In conclusion, this study illustrated that AY343892 inhibited breast cancer development by positively regulating BRCA1-mediated transcription of PTEN. This finding contributes to a better understanding in the pathogenesis of breast cancer and provides a theoretical basis for the treatment of breast cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Li
- Department of Medical Foundations, Anqing Medical College, Anqing, Anhui, China
| | - Miao Zhang
- Department of Biology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Jiangsu, Nanjing, China
| | - Fan Li
- Department of Medical Foundations, Anqing Medical College, Anqing, Anhui, China.
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9
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Hori Y, Ozeki M, Hirose K, Matsuoka K, Matsui T, Kohara M, Tahara S, Toyosawa S, Fukao T, Morii E. Analysis of mTOR pathway expression in lymphatic malformation and related diseases. Pathol Int 2020; 70:323-329. [PMID: 32067331 DOI: 10.1111/pin.12913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitor sirolimus is an effective treatment for difficult-to-treat lymphatic anomalies. However, little is known about the expression of mTOR pathway components in lymphatic anomalies. Here we investigated the expression pattern of mTOR pathway components and their phosphorylated forms (mTOR, p-mTOR, 4EBP1, p-4EBP1, S6K1 and p-S6K1) in normal lymphatic vessels and lymphatic anomalies using immunohistochemistry. We studied 18 patients of lymphatic anomalies, including lymphatic malformation (LM, n = 14), Kaposiform lymphangiomatosis (KLA, n = 2) and Kaposiform hemangioendothelioma (KHE, n = 2). Normal lymphatic vessels expressed 4EBP1, S6K1 and p-S6K1, but not p-4EBP1, mTOR or p-mTOR. The mTOR was detected in all lymphatic anomalies, whereas its activation form p-mTOR was detected in half cases of KLA and KHE but not in LM. All lymphatic anomalies expressed S6K1 and its activated form p-S6K1. The expression of 4EBP1 was also found in all lymphatic anomalies, but its activation was detected in approximately half of them. The activation of mTOR was seen in tumor (KLA and KHE) but not in malformation (LM), whereas the activation of S6K1 and 4EBP1 was seen in all and half of lymphatic anomalies, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumiko Hori
- Department of Pathology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Michio Ozeki
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Katsutoshi Hirose
- Department of Oral Pathology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kentaro Matsuoka
- Department of Pathology, Dokkyo Medical University Saitama Medical Center, Saitama, Japan
| | - Takahiro Matsui
- Department of Pathology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masaharu Kohara
- Department of Pathology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shinichiro Tahara
- Department of Pathology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Satoru Toyosawa
- Department of Oral Pathology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Fukao
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Eiichi Morii
- Department of Pathology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
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10
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Chen X, Theobard R, Zhang J, Dai X. Genetic interactions between INPP4B and RAD50 is prognostic of breast cancer survival. Biosci Rep 2020; 40:BSR20192546. [PMID: 31872854 PMCID: PMC6954369 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20192546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Revised: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
RAD50 is commonly depleted in basal-like breast cancer with concomitant absence of INPP4B and several tumor suppressors such as BRCA1 and TP53. Our previous study revealed that INPP4B and RAD50 interact and such an interaction is associated with breast cancer survival at the transcriptional, translational and genomic levels. In the present study, we explored single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of these two genes that have synergistic effects on breast cancer survival to decipher mechanisms driving their interactions at the genetic level. The Cox's proportional hazards model was used to test whether SNPs of these two genes are interactively associated with breast cancer survival, following expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) analysis and functional investigations. Our study revealed two disease-associating blocks, each encompassing five and two non-linkage disequilibrium linked SNPs of INPP4B and RAD50, respectively. Concomitant presence of any rare homozygote from each disease-associating block is synergistically prognostic of poor breast cancer survival. Such synergy is mediated via bypassing pathways controlling cell proliferation and DNA damage repair, which are represented by INPP4B and RAD50. Our study provided genetic evidence of interactions between INPP4B and RAD50, and deepened our understandings on the orchestrated genetic machinery governing tumor progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Chen
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | | | - Jianying Zhang
- Henan Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Xiaofeng Dai
- Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, 710061, China
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
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11
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Yan Z, Wang Q, Sun X, Ban B, Lu Z, Dang Y, Xie L, Zhang L, Li Y, Zhu W, Guo X. OSbrca: A Web Server for Breast Cancer Prognostic Biomarker Investigation With Massive Data From Tens of Cohorts. Front Oncol 2019; 9:1349. [PMID: 31921624 PMCID: PMC6932997 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.01349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Potential prognostic mRNA biomarkers are exploited to assist in the clinical management and treatment of breast cancer, which is the first life-threatening tumor in women worldwide. However, it is technically challenging for untrained researchers to process high dimensional profiling data to screen and validate the potential prognostic values of genes of interests in multiple cohorts. Our aim is to develop an easy-to-use web server to facilitate the screening, developing, and evaluating of prognostic biomarkers in breast cancers. Herein, we collected more than 7,400 cases of breast cancer with gene expression profiles and clinical follow-up information from The Cancer Genome Atlas and Gene Expression Omnibus data, and built an Online consensus Survival analysis web server for Breast Cancers, abbreviated OSbrca, to generate the Kaplan–Meier survival plot with a hazard ratio and log rank P-value for given genes in an interactive way. To examine the performance of OSbrca, the prognostic potency of 128 previously published biomarkers of breast cancer was reassessed in OSbrca. In conclusion, it is highly valuable for biologists and clinicians to perform the preliminary assessment and validation of novel or putative prognostic biomarkers for breast cancers. OSbrca could be accessed at http://bioinfo.henu.edu.cn/BRCA/BRCAList.jsp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongyi Yan
- Cell Signal Transduction Laboratory, Department of Preventive Medicine, Bioinformatics Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Software, Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Cell Signal Transduction Laboratory, Department of Preventive Medicine, Bioinformatics Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Software, Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Sun
- Cell Signal Transduction Laboratory, Department of Preventive Medicine, Bioinformatics Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Software, Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Bingbing Ban
- Cell Signal Transduction Laboratory, Department of Preventive Medicine, Bioinformatics Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Software, Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Zhendong Lu
- Cell Signal Transduction Laboratory, Department of Preventive Medicine, Bioinformatics Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Software, Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Yifang Dang
- Cell Signal Transduction Laboratory, Department of Preventive Medicine, Bioinformatics Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Software, Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Longxiang Xie
- Cell Signal Transduction Laboratory, Department of Preventive Medicine, Bioinformatics Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Software, Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Cell Signal Transduction Laboratory, Department of Preventive Medicine, Bioinformatics Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Software, Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Yongqiang Li
- Cell Signal Transduction Laboratory, Department of Preventive Medicine, Bioinformatics Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Software, Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Wan Zhu
- Department of Anesthesia, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Xiangqian Guo
- Cell Signal Transduction Laboratory, Department of Preventive Medicine, Bioinformatics Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Software, Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
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12
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Care MA, Westhead DR, Tooze RM. Parsimonious Gene Correlation Network Analysis (PGCNA): a tool to define modular gene co-expression for refined molecular stratification in cancer. NPJ Syst Biol Appl 2019; 5:13. [PMID: 30993001 PMCID: PMC6459838 DOI: 10.1038/s41540-019-0090-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2018] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancers converge onto shared patterns that arise from constraints placed by the biology of the originating cell lineage and microenvironment on programs driven by oncogenic events. Here we define consistent expression modules reflecting this structure in colon and breast cancer by exploiting expression data resources and a new computationally efficient approach that we validate against other comparable methods. This approach, Parsimonious Gene Correlation Network Analysis (PGCNA), allows comparison of network structures between these cancer types identifying shared modules of gene co-expression reflecting: cancer hallmarks, functional and structural gene batteries, copy number variation and biology of originating lineage. These networks along with the mapping of outcome data at gene and module level provide an interactive resource that generates context for relationships between genes within and between such modules. Assigning module expression values (MEVs) provides a tool to summarize network level gene expression in individual cases illustrating potential utility in classification and allowing analysis of linkage between module expression and mutational state. Exploiting TCGA data thus defines both recurrent patterns of association between module expression and mutation at data-set level, and exemplifies the polarization of mutation patterns with the leading edge of module expression at individual case level. We illustrate the scalable nature of the approach within immune response related modules, which in the context of breast cancer demonstrates the selective association of immune subsets, in particular mast cells, with the underlying mutational pattern. Together our analyses provide evidence for a generalizable framework to enhance molecular stratification in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew A. Care
- Section of Experimental Haematology, Leeds Institute of Medical Research, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS9 7TF UK
- Bioinformatics Group, School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT UK
| | - David R. Westhead
- Bioinformatics Group, School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT UK
| | - Reuben M. Tooze
- Section of Experimental Haematology, Leeds Institute of Medical Research, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS9 7TF UK
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Burke LJ, Sevcik J, Gambino G, Tudini E, Mucaki EJ, Shirley BC, Whiley P, Parsons MT, De Leeneer K, Gutiérrez‐Enríquez S, Santamariña M, Caputo SM, Santana dos Santos E, Soukupova J, Janatova M, Zemankova P, Lhotova K, Stolarova L, Borecka M, Moles‐Fernández A, Manoukian S, Bonanni B, Edwards SL, Blok MJ, van Overeem Hansen T, Rossing M, Diez O, Vega A, Claes KB, Goldgar DE, Rouleau E, Radice P, Peterlongo P, Rogan PK, Caligo M, Spurdle AB, Brown MA. BRCA1 and BRCA2 5' noncoding region variants identified in breast cancer patients alter promoter activity and protein binding. Hum Mutat 2018; 39:2025-2039. [PMID: 30204945 PMCID: PMC6282814 DOI: 10.1002/humu.23652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Revised: 09/01/2018] [Accepted: 09/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The widespread use of next generation sequencing for clinical testing is detecting an escalating number of variants in noncoding regions of the genome. The clinical significance of the majority of these variants is currently unknown, which presents a significant clinical challenge. We have screened over 6,000 early-onset and/or familial breast cancer (BC) cases collected by the ENIGMA consortium for sequence variants in the 5' noncoding regions of BC susceptibility genes BRCA1 and BRCA2, and identified 141 rare variants with global minor allele frequency < 0.01, 76 of which have not been reported previously. Bioinformatic analysis identified a set of 21 variants most likely to impact transcriptional regulation, and luciferase reporter assays detected altered promoter activity for four of these variants. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays demonstrated that three of these altered the binding of proteins to the respective BRCA1 or BRCA2 promoter regions, including NFYA binding to BRCA1:c.-287C>T and PAX5 binding to BRCA2:c.-296C>T. Clinical classification of variants affecting promoter activity, using existing prediction models, found no evidence to suggest that these variants confer a high risk of disease. Further studies are required to determine if such variation may be associated with a moderate or low risk of BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leslie J. Burke
- School of Chemistry and Molecular BiosciencesUniversity of QueenslandBrisbaneAustralia
| | - Jan Sevcik
- School of Chemistry and Molecular BiosciencesUniversity of QueenslandBrisbaneAustralia
- Institute of Biochemistry and Experimental Oncology, First Faculty of MedicineCharles UniversityPragueCzech Republic
| | - Gaetana Gambino
- School of Chemistry and Molecular BiosciencesUniversity of QueenslandBrisbaneAustralia
- Section of Molecular GeneticsDepartment of Laboratory MedicineUniversity Hospital of PisaPisaItaly
| | - Emma Tudini
- School of Chemistry and Molecular BiosciencesUniversity of QueenslandBrisbaneAustralia
- Department of Genetics and Computational BiologyQIMR Berghofer Medical Research InstituteBrisbaneAustralia
| | - Eliseos J. Mucaki
- University of Western Ontario, Department of BiochemistrySchulich School of Medicine and DentistryLondonOntarioCanada
| | | | - Phillip Whiley
- School of Chemistry and Molecular BiosciencesUniversity of QueenslandBrisbaneAustralia
- Department of Genetics and Computational BiologyQIMR Berghofer Medical Research InstituteBrisbaneAustralia
| | - Michael T. Parsons
- Department of Genetics and Computational BiologyQIMR Berghofer Medical Research InstituteBrisbaneAustralia
| | - Kim De Leeneer
- Center for Medical GeneticsGhent University Hospitaland Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG)Ghent UniversityGhentBelgium
| | | | - Marta Santamariña
- Fundación Pública Galega de Medicina Xenómica‐SERGASGrupo de Medicina Xenómica‐USC, CIBERER, IDISSantiago de CompostelaSpain
| | - Sandrine M. Caputo
- Service de GénétiqueDepartment de Biologie des TumeursInstitut CurieParisFrance
| | - Elizabeth Santana dos Santos
- Service de GénétiqueDepartment de Biologie des TumeursInstitut CurieParisFrance
- Department of oncologyCenter for Translational OncologyCancer Institute of the State of São Paulo ‐ ICESPSão PauloBrazil
- A.C.Camargo Cancer CenterSão PauloBrazil
| | - Jana Soukupova
- Institute of Biochemistry and Experimental Oncology, First Faculty of MedicineCharles UniversityPragueCzech Republic
| | - Marketa Janatova
- Institute of Biochemistry and Experimental Oncology, First Faculty of MedicineCharles UniversityPragueCzech Republic
| | - Petra Zemankova
- Institute of Biochemistry and Experimental Oncology, First Faculty of MedicineCharles UniversityPragueCzech Republic
| | - Klara Lhotova
- Institute of Biochemistry and Experimental Oncology, First Faculty of MedicineCharles UniversityPragueCzech Republic
| | - Lenka Stolarova
- Institute of Biochemistry and Experimental Oncology, First Faculty of MedicineCharles UniversityPragueCzech Republic
| | - Mariana Borecka
- Institute of Biochemistry and Experimental Oncology, First Faculty of MedicineCharles UniversityPragueCzech Republic
| | | | - Siranoush Manoukian
- Unit of Medical GeneticsDepartment of Medical Oncology and HematologyFondazione IRCCS (Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico) Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori (INT)MilanItaly
| | - Bernardo Bonanni
- Division of Cancer Prevention and GeneticsIstituto Europeo di OncologiaMilanItaly
| | - ENIGMA Consortium
- School of Chemistry and Molecular BiosciencesUniversity of QueenslandBrisbaneAustralia
| | - Stacey L. Edwards
- Department of Genetics and Computational BiologyQIMR Berghofer Medical Research InstituteBrisbaneAustralia
| | - Marinus J. Blok
- Department of Clinical GeneticsMaastricht University Medical CentreMaastrichtThe Netherlands
| | | | - Maria Rossing
- Center for Genomic MedicineCopenhagen University Hospital, RigshospitaletCopenhagenDenmark
| | - Orland Diez
- Oncogenetics GroupVall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO)BarcelonaSpain
- Area of Clinical and Molecular GeneticsUniversity Hospital Vall d'Hebron (UHVH)BarcelonaSpain
| | - Ana Vega
- Fundación Pública Galega de Medicina Xenómica‐SERGASGrupo de Medicina Xenómica‐USC, CIBERER, IDISSantiago de CompostelaSpain
| | - Kathleen B.M. Claes
- Center for Medical GeneticsGhent University Hospitaland Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG)Ghent UniversityGhentBelgium
| | | | | | - Paolo Radice
- Unit of Molecular Bases of Genetic Risk and Genetic TestingDepartment of ResearchFondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di MilanoMilanItaly
| | | | - Peter K. Rogan
- University of Western Ontario, Department of BiochemistrySchulich School of Medicine and DentistryLondonOntarioCanada
- CytoGnomix Inc.LondonOntarioCanada
| | - Maria Caligo
- Section of Molecular GeneticsDepartment of Laboratory MedicineUniversity Hospital of PisaPisaItaly
| | - Amanda B. Spurdle
- Department of Genetics and Computational BiologyQIMR Berghofer Medical Research InstituteBrisbaneAustralia
| | - Melissa A. Brown
- School of Chemistry and Molecular BiosciencesUniversity of QueenslandBrisbaneAustralia
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14
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Choi J, Park S, Yoon Y, Ahn J. Improved prediction of breast cancer outcome by identifying heterogeneous biomarkers. Bioinformatics 2018; 33:3619-3626. [PMID: 28961949 DOI: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btx487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2017] [Accepted: 07/27/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Motivation Identification of genes that can be used to predict prognosis in patients with cancer is important in that it can lead to improved therapy, and can also promote our understanding of tumor progression on the molecular level. One of the common but fundamental problems that render identification of prognostic genes and prediction of cancer outcomes difficult is the heterogeneity of patient samples. Results To reduce the effect of sample heterogeneity, we clustered data samples using K-means algorithm and applied modified PageRank to functional interaction (FI) networks weighted using gene expression values of samples in each cluster. Hub genes among resulting prioritized genes were selected as biomarkers to predict the prognosis of samples. This process outperformed traditional feature selection methods as well as several network-based prognostic gene selection methods when applied to Random Forest. We were able to find many cluster-specific prognostic genes for each dataset. Functional study showed that distinct biological processes were enriched in each cluster, which seems to reflect different aspect of tumor progression or oncogenesis among distinct patient groups. Taken together, these results provide support for the hypothesis that our approach can effectively identify heterogeneous prognostic genes, and these are complementary to each other, improving prediction accuracy. Availability and implementation https://github.com/mathcom/CPR. Contact jgahn@inu.ac.kr. Supplementary information Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonghwan Choi
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Incheon National University, Incheon, The Republic of Korea
| | - Sanghyun Park
- Department of Computer Science, Yonsei University, Seoul, The Republic of Korea
| | - Youngmi Yoon
- Department of Computer Engineering, Gachon University, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, The Republic of Korea
| | - Jaegyoon Ahn
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Incheon National University, Incheon, The Republic of Korea
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15
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Black MH, Li S, Pesaran T, LaDuca H, Karam R, Clifford J, Smith B, Pilarski R. PTEN Promoter Variants Are Not Associated With Common Cancers: Implications for Multigene Panel Testing. JCO Precis Oncol 2017; 1:1-7. [DOI: 10.1200/po.17.00108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose PTEN mutations are associated with breast, colon, endometrial, kidney, and thyroid cancers. Most PTEN promoter alterations, however, are characterized as variants of unknown significance, and their contribution to cancer risk is unclear. Materials and Methods Personal and family histories of 88,333 patients undergoing PTEN analysis as part of multigene panel testing (MGPT) were retrospectively reviewed. Cases (n = 59,784) were individuals with personal history of PTEN-related cancer. Controls (n = 28,549) had no personal history of cancer. Individuals were categorized as positive for one or more mutations (PATHO), without mutations but carrying one or more promoter variant (PROM), or negative for alterations (WT). Multivariable logistic regression was used to assess PTEN associations with phenotypes, adjusted for race/ethnicity, age, sex, and MGPT. Results Overall, 79 (0.09%) patients were PATHO and 791 (0.9%) were PROM carriers. Compared with WT, PATHOs were 2.30 (95% CI, 1.19 to 4.72) times as likely to have breast, 7.23 (95% CI, 2.74 to 19.14) times as likely to have bilateral/multiple primary breast, and 7.56 (95% CI, 1.97 to 23.98) times as likely to have uterine/endometrial cancer. PROMs were not significantly more likely than WT to have cancer (all 0.84 < odds ratio < 1.15; P > .05). Conclusion PTEN promoter variants were not associated with cancer. These results do not support the inclusion of PTEN promoter sequencing in MGPT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary Helen Black
- Mary Helen Black, Shuwei Li, Tina Pesaran, Holly LaDuca, Rachid Karam, Jacob Clifford, and Brandon Smith, Ambry Genetics, Aliso Viejo, CA; and Robert Pilarski, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Shuwei Li
- Mary Helen Black, Shuwei Li, Tina Pesaran, Holly LaDuca, Rachid Karam, Jacob Clifford, and Brandon Smith, Ambry Genetics, Aliso Viejo, CA; and Robert Pilarski, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Tina Pesaran
- Mary Helen Black, Shuwei Li, Tina Pesaran, Holly LaDuca, Rachid Karam, Jacob Clifford, and Brandon Smith, Ambry Genetics, Aliso Viejo, CA; and Robert Pilarski, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Holly LaDuca
- Mary Helen Black, Shuwei Li, Tina Pesaran, Holly LaDuca, Rachid Karam, Jacob Clifford, and Brandon Smith, Ambry Genetics, Aliso Viejo, CA; and Robert Pilarski, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Rachid Karam
- Mary Helen Black, Shuwei Li, Tina Pesaran, Holly LaDuca, Rachid Karam, Jacob Clifford, and Brandon Smith, Ambry Genetics, Aliso Viejo, CA; and Robert Pilarski, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Jacob Clifford
- Mary Helen Black, Shuwei Li, Tina Pesaran, Holly LaDuca, Rachid Karam, Jacob Clifford, and Brandon Smith, Ambry Genetics, Aliso Viejo, CA; and Robert Pilarski, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Brandon Smith
- Mary Helen Black, Shuwei Li, Tina Pesaran, Holly LaDuca, Rachid Karam, Jacob Clifford, and Brandon Smith, Ambry Genetics, Aliso Viejo, CA; and Robert Pilarski, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Robert Pilarski
- Mary Helen Black, Shuwei Li, Tina Pesaran, Holly LaDuca, Rachid Karam, Jacob Clifford, and Brandon Smith, Ambry Genetics, Aliso Viejo, CA; and Robert Pilarski, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
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Zhou XJ, Wu J, Shi L, Li XX, Zhu L, Sun X, Qian JY, Wang Y, Wei JF, Ding Q. PTEN expression is upregulated by a RNA-binding protein RBM38 via enhancing its mRNA stability in breast cancer. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2017; 36:149. [PMID: 29052531 PMCID: PMC5649103 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-017-0620-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2017] [Accepted: 10/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Background PTEN (phosphatase and tensin homolog gene on chromosome 10), a well-characterized tumor suppressor, is a key regulator of the phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT pathway involved in cell survival, metastasis and cell renewal. PTEN expression is closely related to the phenotype, prognosis and drug selection in breast cancer. It is mainly regulated by transcriptional and post-transcriptional modifications. RNA binding motif protein 38 (RBM38), an RNA-binding protein (RBP) and a target of P53 family, plays a crucial role in the regulation of cellular processing, especially in post-transcription regulation and gene transcription. In this study, we investigated a new post-transcription regulation mechanism of PTEN expression by RBM38 in breast cancer. Methods Immunohistochemistry, lentivirus transfections, Western blotting analysis, qRT-PCR and ELISA were used to conduct the relation between RBM38 and PTEN. RNA immunoprecipitation, RNA electrophoretic mobility shift and dual-luciferase reporter assays were employed to identify the direct binding sites of RBM38 with PTEN transcript. Colony formation assay was conducted to confirm the function of PTEN in RBM38-induced growth suppression. Results PTEN expression was positively associated with the expression of RBM38 in breast cancer tissues and breast cancer cells. Moreover, RBM38 stabilized PTEN transcript to enhance PTEN expression via binding to multiple AU/U- rich elements (AREs) in 3′-untranslated region (3′-UTR) of PTEN transcript. Additionally, specific inhibitors of PTEN activity and small interfering (siRNA) of PTEN expression inhibited RBM38-mediated suppression of proliferation, which implied that RBM38 acted as a tumor suppressor partly by enhancing PTEN expression. Conclusion The present study revealed a new PTEN regulating mechanism that PTEN was positively regulated by RBM38 via stabilizing its transcript stability, which in turn alleviated RBM38-mediated growth suppression. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13046-017-0620-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu-Jie Zhou
- Jiangsu Breast Disease Center, the First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Jing Wu
- Jiangsu Breast Disease Center, the First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Liang Shi
- Jiangsu Breast Disease Center, the First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Xiao-Xia Li
- Jiangsu Breast Disease Center, the First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Lei Zhu
- Jiangsu Breast Disease Center, the First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Xi Sun
- Jiangsu Breast Disease Center, the First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Jia-Yi Qian
- Jiangsu Breast Disease Center, the First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Ji-Fu Wei
- Research Division of Clinical Pharmacology, the First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, China.
| | - Qiang Ding
- Jiangsu Breast Disease Center, the First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, China. .,Breast Disease Center, the First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, China.
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17
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DACH1 suppresses breast cancer as a negative regulator of CD44. Sci Rep 2017; 7:4361. [PMID: 28659634 PMCID: PMC5489534 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-04709-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2017] [Accepted: 05/18/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Dachshund homolog 1 (DACH1), a key cell fate determination factor, contributes to tumorigenesis, invasion, metastasis of human breast neoplasm. However, the exact molecular mechanisms for the anti-tumor roles of DACH1 in breast carcinoma are still lack of extensive understanding. Herein, we utilized immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining and public microarray data analysis showing that DACH1 was higher in normal breast, low-grade and luminal-type cancer in comparison with breast carcinoma, high-grade and basal-like tumors respectively. Additionally, both correlation analysis of public databases of human breast carcinoma and IHC analysis of mice xenograft tumors demonstrated that DACH1 inversely related to cancer stem cells (CSCs) markers, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) inducers and basal-enriched molecules, while cluster of differentiation 44 (CD44) behaved in an opposite manner. Furthermore, mice transplanted tumor model indicated that breast cancer cells Met-1 with up-regulation of DACH1 were endowed with remarkably reduced potential of tumorigenesis. Importantly, meta-analysis of 19 Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases of breast cancer implicated that patients with higher DACH1 expression had prolonged time to death, recurrence and metastasis, while CD44 was a promising biomarker predicting worse overall survival (OS) and metastasis-free survival (MFS). Collectively, our study indicated that CD44 might be a novel target of DACH1 in breast carcinoma.
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18
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Shen G, He P, Mao Y, Li P, Luh F, Ding G, Liu X, Yen Y. Overexpression of Uridine-Cytidine Kinase 2 Correlates with Breast Cancer Progression and Poor Prognosis. J Breast Cancer 2017; 20:132-141. [PMID: 28690649 PMCID: PMC5500396 DOI: 10.4048/jbc.2017.20.2.132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2016] [Accepted: 05/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Uridine-cytidine kinase (UCK) 2 is a rate-limiting enzyme involved in the salvage pathway of pyrimidine-nucleotide biosynthesis. Recent studies have shown that UCK2 is overexpressed in many types of cancer and may play a crucial role in activating antitumor prodrugs in human cancer cells. In the current study, we evaluated the potential prognostic value of UCK2 in breast cancer. Methods We searched public databases to explore associations between UCK2 gene expression and clinical parameters in patients with breast cancer. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was performed to identify biological pathways associated with UCK2 gene expression levels. Survival analyses were performed using 10 independent large-scale breast cancer microarray datasets. Results We found that UCK2 mRNA expression was elevated in breast cancer tissue compared with adjacent nontumorous tissue or breast tissue from healthy controls. High UCK2 levels were correlated with estrogen receptor negativity (p<0.001), advanced tumor grade (p<0.001), and poor tumor differentiation (p<0.001). GSEA revealed that UCK2-high breast cancers were enriched for gene sets associated with metastasis, progenitor-like phenotypes, and poor prognosis. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression analyses of microarray datasets verified that high UCK2 gene expression was associated with poor overall survival in a dose-response manner. The prognostic power of UCK2 was superior to that of TNM staging and comparable to that of multiple gene signatures. Conclusion These findings suggest that UCK2 may be a promising prognostic biomarker for patients with breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guosong Shen
- Prenatal Diagnostic Center, Huzhou Women and Children Hospital, Huzhou, China
| | - Pingya He
- Prenatal Diagnostic Center, Huzhou Women and Children Hospital, Huzhou, China
| | - Yingying Mao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Peipei Li
- Hangzhou Hope Biotechnology Company, Hangzhou, China
| | - Frank Luh
- Biomarkers Development, California Cancer Institute, Sino-American Cancer Foundation, Temple City, USA.,General Medicine Division, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Guohui Ding
- Key Lab of Computational Biology, CAS-MPG Partner Institute for Computational Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiyong Liu
- Biomarkers Development, California Cancer Institute, Sino-American Cancer Foundation, Temple City, USA
| | - Yun Yen
- Integrated Laboratory, Center of Translational Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Targeting of CCBE1 by miR-330-3p in human breast cancer promotes metastasis. Br J Cancer 2017; 116:1350-1357. [PMID: 28419078 PMCID: PMC5482727 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2017.105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2016] [Revised: 03/21/2017] [Accepted: 03/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: MicroRNAs (miRs) are involved in the regulation of many processes that contribute to malignancy, including cell proliferation, radiation resistance, invasion and metastasis. The role of miR-330-3p, an miR upregulated in breast cancer, remains unclear. Methods: We examine the association of miR-330-3p with distant relapse-free survival in the Oxford cohort of breast cancer patients. We also study miR-330-3p function using in vitro invasion and ex ovo metastasis assays. Using in vitro luciferase assays, we validate a novel target gene for miR-330-3p, Collagen And Calcium Binding EGF Domains 1 (CCBE1). We assess functional consequences of CCBE1 loss by using siRNA-mediated knockdown followed by in vitro invasion assays. Lastly, we examine the expression profile of CCBE1 in breast carcinomas in the Curtis and TCGA Breast Cancer data sets using Oncomine Platform as well as distant relapse-free and overall survival of patients in the Helsinki University breast cancer data set according to CCBE1 expression status. Results: miR-330-3p is enriched in breast cancer, and higher levels of miR-330-3p expression are associated with lower distant relapse-free survival in a cohort of breast cancer patients. Consistent with these observations, overexpression of miR-330-3p in breast cancer cell lines results in greater invasiveness in vitro, and miR-330-3p-overexpressing cells also metastasise more aggressively ex ovo. We identify CCBE1 as a direct target of miR-330-3p, and show that knockdown of CCBE1 results in a greater invasive capacity. Accordingly, in breast cancer patients CCBE1 is frequently downregulated, and its loss is associated with reduced distant relapse-free and overall survival. Conclusions: We show for the first time that miR-330-3p targets CCBE1 to promote invasion and metastasis. miR-330-3p and CCBE1 may represent promising biomarkers in breast cancer.
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Naidu CK, Suneetha Y. Prediction and Analysis of Breast Cancer Related Deleterious Non-Synonymous Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms in the PTEN Gene. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2017; 17:2199-203. [PMID: 27221918 DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2016.17.4.2199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the most common cancer types faced by the women around the world is breast cancer. Among the several low, moderate and high penetrance genes conferring susceptibility to breast cancer, PTEN is one which is known to be mutated in many tumor types. In this study, we predicted and analyzed the impact of three deleterious coding non-synonymous single nucleotide polymorphisms rs121909218 (G129E), rs121909229 (R130Q) and rs57374291 (D107N) in the PTEN gene on the phenotype of breast tumors using computational tools SIFT, Polyphen-2, PROVEAN, MUPro, POPMusic and the GETAREA server.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Kumaraswamy Naidu
- Department of Zoology, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati, India E-mail :
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21
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MiR-222 promotes drug-resistance of breast cancer cells to adriamycin via modulation of PTEN/Akt/FOXO1 pathway. Gene 2017; 596:110-118. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2016.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2016] [Revised: 10/07/2016] [Accepted: 10/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Muranen TA, Blomqvist C, Dörk T, Jakubowska A, Heikkilä P, Fagerholm R, Greco D, Aittomäki K, Bojesen SE, Shah M, Dunning AM, Rhenius V, Hall P, Czene K, Brand JS, Darabi H, Chang-Claude J, Rudolph A, Nordestgaard BG, Couch FJ, Hart SN, Figueroa J, García-Closas M, Fasching PA, Beckmann MW, Li J, Liu J, Andrulis IL, Winqvist R, Pylkäs K, Mannermaa A, Kataja V, Lindblom A, Margolin S, Lubinski J, Dubrowinskaja N, Bolla MK, Dennis J, Michailidou K, Wang Q, Easton DF, Pharoah PDP, Schmidt MK, Nevanlinna H. Patient survival and tumor characteristics associated with CHEK2:p.I157T - findings from the Breast Cancer Association Consortium. Breast Cancer Res 2016; 18:98. [PMID: 27716369 PMCID: PMC5048645 DOI: 10.1186/s13058-016-0758-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2016] [Accepted: 09/15/2016] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND P.I157T is a CHEK2 missense mutation associated with a modest increase in breast cancer risk. Previously, another CHEK2 mutation, the protein truncating c.1100delC has been associated with poor prognosis of breast cancer patients. Here, we have investigated patient survival and characteristics of breast tumors of germ line p.I157T carriers. METHODS We included in the analyses 26,801 European female breast cancer patients from 15 studies participating in the Breast Cancer Association Consortium. We analyzed the association between p.I157T and the clinico-pathological breast cancer characteristics by comparing the p.I157T carrier tumors to non-carrier and c.1100delC carrier tumors. Similarly, we investigated the p.I157T associated risk of early death, breast cancer-associated death, distant metastasis, locoregional relapse and second breast cancer using Cox proportional hazards models. Additionally, we explored the p.I157T-associated genomic gene expression profile using data from breast tumors of 183 Finnish female breast cancer patients (ten p.I157T carriers) (GEO: GSE24450). Differential gene expression analysis was performed using a moderated t test. Functional enrichment was investigated using the DAVID functional annotation tool and gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA). The tumors were classified into molecular subtypes according to the St Gallen 2013 criteria and the PAM50 gene expression signature. RESULTS P.I157T was not associated with increased risk of early death, breast cancer-associated death or distant metastasis relapse, and there was a significant difference in prognosis associated with the two CHEK2 mutations, p.I157T and c.1100delC. Furthermore, p.I157T was associated with lobular histological type and clinico-pathological markers of good prognosis, such as ER and PR expression, low TP53 expression and low grade. Gene expression analysis suggested luminal A to be the most common subtype for p.I157T carriers and CDH1 (cadherin 1) target genes to be significantly enriched among genes, whose expression differed between p.I157T and non-carrier tumors. CONCLUSIONS Our analyses suggest that there are fundamental differences in breast tumors of CHEK2:p.I157T and c.1100delC carriers. The poor prognosis associated with c.1100delC cannot be generalized to other CHEK2 mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taru A. Muranen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, P.O. Box 700, 00029 HUS Helsinki, Finland
| | - Carl Blomqvist
- Department of Oncology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Thilo Dörk
- Gynaecology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Anna Jakubowska
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Päivi Heikkilä
- Department of Pathology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Rainer Fagerholm
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, P.O. Box 700, 00029 HUS Helsinki, Finland
| | - Dario Greco
- Unit of Systems Toxicology, Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kristiina Aittomäki
- Department of Clinical Genetics, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Stig E. Bojesen
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Copenhagen General Population Study, Herlev Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Herlev Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Mitul Shah
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Alison M. Dunning
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Valerie Rhenius
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Per Hall
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Kamila Czene
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Judith S. Brand
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Hatef Darabi
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jenny Chang-Claude
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- University Cancer Center Hamburg (UCCH), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Anja Rudolph
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Børge G. Nordestgaard
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Herlev Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Fergus J. Couch
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN USA
| | - Steven N. Hart
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN USA
| | - Jonine Figueroa
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD USA
| | - Montserrat García-Closas
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD USA
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Peter A. Fasching
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN, Erlangen, Germany
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA USA
| | - Matthias W. Beckmann
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Jingmei Li
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jianjun Liu
- Human Genetics Division, Genome Institute of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Irene L. Andrulis
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute of Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON Canada
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON Canada
| | - Robert Winqvist
- Laboratory of Cancer Genetics and Tumor Biology, Northern Finland Laboratory Centre NordLab, Oulu, Finland
- Laboratory of Cancer Genetics and Tumor Biology, Cancer and Translational Medicine Research Unit and Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Katri Pylkäs
- Laboratory of Cancer Genetics and Tumor Biology, Northern Finland Laboratory Centre NordLab, Oulu, Finland
- Laboratory of Cancer Genetics and Tumor Biology, Cancer and Translational Medicine Research Unit and Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Arto Mannermaa
- Cancer Center, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
- Imaging Center, Department of Clinical Pathology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Pathology and Forensic Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Vesa Kataja
- Cancer Center, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
- Central Finland Hospital District, Jyväskylä Central Hospital, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Annika Lindblom
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sara Margolin
- Department of Oncology - Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jan Lubinski
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | | | - Manjeet K. Bolla
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Joe Dennis
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Kyriaki Michailidou
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Electron Microscopy/Molecular Pathology, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Qin Wang
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Douglas F. Easton
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Paul D. P. Pharoah
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Marjanka K. Schmidt
- Netherlands Cancer Institute, Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Heli Nevanlinna
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, P.O. Box 700, 00029 HUS Helsinki, Finland
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Barøy T, Chilamakuri CSR, Lorenz S, Sun J, Bruland ØS, Myklebost O, Meza-Zepeda LA. Genome Analysis of Osteosarcoma Progression Samples Identifies FGFR1 Overexpression as a Potential Treatment Target and CHM as a Candidate Tumor Suppressor Gene. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0163859. [PMID: 27685995 PMCID: PMC5042545 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0163859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2016] [Accepted: 09/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common primary malignant tumor of bone, showing complex chromosomal rearrangements but with few known consistent changes. Deeper biological understanding is crucial to find new therapies to improve patient survival. We have sequenced the whole exome of two primary tumors (before and after chemotherapy), one metastatic tumor and a matched normal sample from two OS patients, to identify mutations involved in cancer biology. The metastatic samples were also RNA sequenced. By RNA sequencing we identified dysregulated expression levels of drug resistance- and apoptosis-related genes. Two fusion transcripts were identified in one patient (OS111); the first resulted in p53 inactivation by fusing the first exon of TP53 to the fifth exon of FAM45A. The second fusion joined the two first exons of FGFR1 to the second exon of ZNF343. Furthermore, FGFR1 was amplified and highly expressed, representing a potential treatment target in this patient. Whole exome sequencing revealed large intertumor heterogeneity, with surprisingly few shared mutations. Careful evaluation and validation of the data sets revealed a number of artefacts, but one recurrent mutation was validated, a nonsense mutation in CHM (patient OS106), which also was the mutation with the highest expression frequency (53%). The second patient (OS111) had wild-type CHM, but a downregulated expression level. In a panel of 71 clinical samples, we confirmed significant low expression of CHM compared to the controls (p = 0.003). Furthermore, by analyzing public datasets, we identified a significant association between low expression and poor survival in two other cancer types. Together, these results suggest CHM as a candidate tumor suppressor gene that warrants further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tale Barøy
- Department of Tumor Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, NO-0310 Oslo, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Chandra S. R. Chilamakuri
- Department of Tumor Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, NO-0310 Oslo, Norway
- Norwegian Cancer Genomics Consortium, Oslo, Norway
| | - Susanne Lorenz
- Department of Tumor Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, NO-0310 Oslo, Norway
- Norwegian Cancer Genomics Consortium, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jinchang Sun
- Department of Tumor Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, NO-0310 Oslo, Norway
- Norwegian Cancer Genomics Consortium, Oslo, Norway
| | - Øyvind S. Bruland
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Oncology, Oslo University Hospital, Norwegian Radium Hospital, NO-0310 Oslo, Norway
| | - Ola Myklebost
- Department of Tumor Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, NO-0310 Oslo, Norway
- Norwegian Cancer Genomics Consortium, Oslo, Norway
| | - Leonardo A. Meza-Zepeda
- Department of Tumor Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, NO-0310 Oslo, Norway
- Norwegian Cancer Genomics Consortium, Oslo, Norway
- Genomics Core Facility, Department of Core Facilities, Institute for Cancer Research, Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, NO-0310 Oslo, Norway
- * E-mail:
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Roldan-Deamicis A, Alonso E, Brie B, Braico DA, Balogh GA. Maitake Pro4X has anti-cancer activity and prevents oncogenesis in BALBc mice. Cancer Med 2016; 5:2427-41. [PMID: 27401257 PMCID: PMC5055164 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2015] [Revised: 02/17/2016] [Accepted: 03/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The understanding of the molecular mechanisms of the immune tolerance induced by the tumoral microenvironment is fundamental to prevent cancer development or to treat cancer patients using immunotherapy. Actually, there are investigations about "addressed-drugs" against cancer cells without affecting normal cells. It could be ideal to find selective and specific compounds that only recognize and destroy tumor cells without damaging the host normal cells. For thousands of years, mushrooms have been used for medicinal purposes because of their curative properties. D-Fraction, an extract of Maitake (from the edible Grifola frondosa mushroom), rich in β-glucans, exert notable effects in the immune system. Until now, some published articles suggest that Maitake D-Fraction could have anti-tumoral activity, prevent oncogenesis and metastasis in some tumor types. However, there are no clear data about Maitake D-Fraction action on breast cancer prevention and its exact molecular mechanisms are not yet elucidated. The experiments were performed employing 25 female BALBc mice that were treated with and without Maitake D-Fraction Pro4X or Maitake Standard for 15 days by daily intraperitoneal injection. After treatment period, all mice were implanted with murine tumor cells LM3 to induce mammary tumorigenesis. Animals were checked weekly and killed after 46 days of LM3 transplant; percentage of cancer prevention, rate of tumor growing, and overall survival were determined. Under dissection, the internal organs were evaluated histologically and genetically by RT-PCR. We found that 5 mg/kg per day of Maitake D-Fraction Pro4X, administered dairy during 15 days to BALBc mice was able to block more than 60% breast cancer development. However, Maitake Standard prevents oncogenesis in 26% to respect control. In this work, we found that Maitake D-Fraction Pro4X, administered to BALBc mice, prevents breast carcinogenesis, block tumor invasiveness, reduce angiogenesis, and increase overall survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agustina Roldan-Deamicis
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Facultad de Ciencias Medicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina - UCA - CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Eliana Alonso
- Laboratorio de Hongos Comestibles y Medicinales, Centro Científico Tecnológico, CERZOS-CONICET, Camino La Carrindanga Km7, Bahía Blanca-8000, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Belén Brie
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Facultad de Ciencias Medicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina - UCA - CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Diego Aguilera Braico
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Facultad de Ciencias Medicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina - UCA - CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Gabriela Andrea Balogh
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Facultad de Ciencias Medicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina - UCA - CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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Xu HX, Wu KJ, Tian YJ, Liu Q, Han N, He XL, Yuan X, Wu GS, Wu KM. Expression profile of SIX family members correlates with clinic-pathological features and prognosis of breast cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2016; 95:e4085. [PMID: 27399099 PMCID: PMC5058828 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000004085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2016] [Revised: 05/30/2016] [Accepted: 06/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Sineoculis homeobox homolog (SIX) family proteins, including SIX1, SIX2, SIX3, SIX4, SIX5, and SIX6, have been implicated in the initiation and progression of breast cancer, but the role of each member in breast tumor is not fully understood. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the association between the mRNA levels of all 6 members and clinic-pathological characteristics and clinical outcome of breast cancer patients based on the PRISMA statement criteria.ArrayExpress and Oncomine were searched for eligible databases published up to December 10, 2015. The association between the mRNA expression of SIX family members and clinic-pathological features and prognosis was measured by the odds ratio (OR), hazard ratio (HR), and the corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI), respectively. All statistical analyses were performed using STATA software.In total, 20 published Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases with 3555 patients were analyzed. Our analysis revealed that patients with SIX1 overexpression had worse overall survival (OS) (HR: 1.28, 95% CI: 1.03-1.58) and shorter relapse-free survival (RFS) (HR: 1.28, 95% CI: 1.05-1.56), and much worse prognosis for luminal breast cancer patients with SIX1 overexpression (OS: HR: 1.64, 95% CI: 1.13-2.39; RFS: HR: 1.43, 95% CI: 1.06-1.93). We found that patients with higher SIX2 level had shorter time to both relapse and metastasis. However, high SIX3 mRNA level was a protective factor for OS and RFS of basal-like breast cancer patients.Our study suggested that members of SIX family played distinct roles in breast cancer. Detailed analysis of the expression of the SIX family members might provide useful information to predict breast cancer progression and prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han-Xiao Xu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei
| | - Kong-Ju Wu
- Nursing School of Pingdingshan University, Pingdingshan, Henan
| | - Yi-Jun Tian
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei
| | - Qian Liu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei
| | - Na Han
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei
| | - Xue-Lian He
- Clinical Research Center, Wuhan Medical and Healthcare Center for Women and Children, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Xun Yuan
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei
- Departments of Oncology and Pathology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI
| | - Gen Sheng Wu
- Departments of Oncology and Pathology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI
| | - Kong-Ming Wu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei
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Characterisation of non-coding genetic variation in histamine receptors using AnNCR-SNP. Amino Acids 2016; 48:2433-42. [PMID: 27270572 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-016-2265-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2016] [Accepted: 05/23/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Almost 90 % of disease-associated genetic variants found using genome wide association studies (GWAS) are located in non-coding regions of the genome. Such variants can affect phenotype by altering important regulatory elements such as promoters, enhancers or repressors, leading to changes in gene expression and consequently disease, such as thyroid cancer and allergic diseases. A number of allergy and atopy related diseases such as asthma and atopic dermatitis are related to histamine receptors; however, these diseases are not fully characterized at the molecular level. Moreover, candidate gene based studies of common variants known as single nucleotide polymorphism (SNPs) located in the coding regions of these receptors have given mixed results. It is important to complement these approaches by identifying and characterising non-coding variants in order to further elucidate the role of these receptors in disease. Here we present an analysis of histamine receptor genes using the tool AnNCR-SNP to characterise variants in non-coding genomic regions. AnNCR-SNP combines bioinformatics and experimental data sets from various sources to predict the effects of genetic variation on gene expression regulation. We find many SNPs located in areas of open chromatin, overlapping with transcription factor binding sites and associated with changes in gene expression in expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) experiments. Here we present the results as a catalogue of non-coding variation in histamine receptor genes to aid histamine researchers in identifying putative functional SNPs found in GWAS for further validation, and to help select variants for candidate gene studies.
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Granata S, Dalla Gassa A, Carraro A, Brunelli M, Stallone G, Lupo A, Zaza G. Sirolimus and Everolimus Pathway: Reviewing Candidate Genes Influencing Their Intracellular Effects. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:ijms17050735. [PMID: 27187382 PMCID: PMC4881557 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17050735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2016] [Revised: 04/21/2016] [Accepted: 05/06/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Sirolimus (SRL) and everolimus (EVR) are mammalian targets of rapamycin inhibitors (mTOR-I) largely employed in renal transplantation and oncology as immunosuppressive/antiproliferative agents. SRL was the first mTOR-I produced by the bacterium Streptomyces hygroscopicus and approved for several medical purposes. EVR, derived from SRL, contains a 2-hydroxy-ethyl chain in the 40th position that makes the drug more hydrophilic than SRL and increases oral bioavailability. Their main mechanism of action is the inhibition of the mTOR complex 1 and the regulation of factors involved in a several crucial cellular functions including: protein synthesis, regulation of angiogenesis, lipid biosynthesis, mitochondrial biogenesis and function, cell cycle, and autophagy. Most of the proteins/enzymes belonging to the aforementioned biological processes are encoded by numerous and tightly regulated genes. However, at the moment, the polygenic influence on SRL/EVR cellular effects is still not completely defined, and its comprehension represents a key challenge for researchers. Therefore, to obtain a complete picture of the cellular network connected to SRL/EVR, we decided to review major evidences available in the literature regarding the genetic influence on mTOR-I biology/pharmacology and to build, for the first time, a useful and specific “SRL/EVR genes-focused pathway”, possibly employable as a starting point for future in-depth research projects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Granata
- Renal Unit, Department of Medicine, University/Hospital of Verona, 37126 Verona, Italy.
| | | | - Amedeo Carraro
- Liver Transplant Unit, Department of General Surgery and Odontoiatrics, University/Hospital of Verona, 37126 Verona, Italy.
| | - Matteo Brunelli
- Department of Pathology and Diagnostics, University of Verona, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata, 37126 Verona, Italy.
| | - Giovanni Stallone
- Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation Unit, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy.
| | - Antonio Lupo
- Renal Unit, Department of Medicine, University/Hospital of Verona, 37126 Verona, Italy.
| | - Gianluigi Zaza
- Renal Unit, Department of Medicine, University/Hospital of Verona, 37126 Verona, Italy.
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Xu H, Tian Y, Yuan X, Liu Y, Wu H, Liu Q, Wu GS, Wu K. Enrichment of CD44 in basal-type breast cancer correlates with EMT, cancer stem cell gene profile, and prognosis. Onco Targets Ther 2016; 9:431-44. [PMID: 26855592 PMCID: PMC4727509 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s97192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cluster of differentiation 44 (CD44) is a transmembrane glycoprotein that serves as the receptor for the extracellular matrix component hyaluronic acid. CD44 has been reported to play key roles in cell proliferation, motility, and survival, but its role in breast cancer remains controversial. In this study, we conducted a meta-analysis. A total of 23 published Gene Expression Omnibus databases were included to evaluate the association between CD44 mRNA expression and clinicopathological characteristics or prognosis of the patients with breast cancer. Our analysis revealed that CD44 expression was associated with clinicopathological features, including the histological grade, estrogen receptor status, progesterone receptor status, and human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 status. Higher levels of CD44 expression were observed in the basal subtype of breast cancer both at the mRNA and protein levels (odds ratio [OR] =2.08, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.72–2.52; OR =2.11, 95% CI: 1.67–2.68). Patients with CD44 overexpression exhibited significantly worse overall survival (hazard ratio =1.27; 95% CI: 1.04–1.55). Whole gene profile analysis revealed that CD44 expression was enriched in basal-type breast cancer and correlated with epithelial–mesenchymal transition and cancer stem cell gene profiles. In summary, our analyses indicated that CD44 potentially might be a prognostic marker for breast cancer and thus can serve as a therapeutic target for basal-type breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanxiao Xu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yijun Tian
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xun Yuan
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Liu
- Department of Geriatrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Hua Wu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Liu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Gen Sheng Wu
- Department of Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA; Department of Pathology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Kongming Wu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
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Hortobagyi GN, Chen D, Piccart M, Rugo HS, Burris HA, Pritchard KI, Campone M, Noguchi S, Perez AT, Deleu I, Shtivelband M, Masuda N, Dakhil S, Anderson I, Robinson DM, He W, Garg A, McDonald ER, Bitter H, Huang A, Taran T, Bachelot T, Lebrun F, Lebwohl D, Baselga J. Correlative Analysis of Genetic Alterations and Everolimus Benefit in Hormone Receptor-Positive, Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2-Negative Advanced Breast Cancer: Results From BOLERO-2. J Clin Oncol 2015; 34:419-26. [PMID: 26503204 DOI: 10.1200/jco.2014.60.1971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 190] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To explore the genetic landscape of tumors from patients enrolled on the BOLERO-2 trial to identify potential correlations between genetic alterations and efficacy of everolimus treatment. The BOLERO-2 trial has previously demonstrated that the addition of everolimus to exemestane prolonged progression-free survival by more than twofold in patients with hormone receptor-positive, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative, advanced breast cancer previously treated with nonsteroidal aromatase inhibitors. PATIENTS AND METHODS Next-generation sequencing was used to analyze genetic status of cancer-related genes in 302 archival tumor specimens from patients representative of the BOLERO-2 study population. Correlations between the most common somatic alterations and degree of chromosomal instability, and treatment effect of everolimus were investigated. RESULTS Progression-free survival benefit with everolimus was maintained regardless of alteration status of PIK3CA, FGFR1, and CCND1 or the pathways of which they are components. However, quantitative differences in everolimus benefit were observed between patient subgroups defined by the exon-specific mutations in PIK3CA (exon 20 v 9) or by different degrees of chromosomal instability in the tumor tissues. CONCLUSION The data from this exploratory analysis suggest that the efficacy of everolimus was largely independent of the most commonly altered genes or pathways in hormone receptor-positive, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative breast cancer. The potential impact of chromosomal instabilities and low-frequency genetic alterations on everolimus efficacy warrants further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel N Hortobagyi
- Gabriel N. Hortobagyi, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; David Chen, Tetiana Taran, and David Lebwohl, Novartis Pharmaceuticals, East Hanover, NJ; Martine Piccart and Fabienne Lebrun, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels; Ines Deleu, Oncology Centre, AZ Nikolaas, Sint-Nikolaas, Belgium; Hope S. Rugo, University of California, San Francisco; Ian Anderson, Redwood Regional Oncology Center, Santa Rosa, CA; Howard A. Burris III, Sarah Cannon Research Institute, Nashville, TN; Kathleen I. Pritchard, Sunnybrook Odette Cancer Centre and the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Mario Campone, Centre de Recherche en Cancerologie, Nantes-Saint-Herblain; Thomas Bachelot, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France; Shinzaburo Noguchi, Osaka University Medical School; Norikazu Masuda, Osaka National Hospital, Osaka, Japan; Alejandra T. Perez, Memorial Cancer Institute, Hollywood, FL; Mikhail Shtivelband, Ironwood Cancer & Research Centers, Chandler, AZ; Shaker Dakhil, Cancer Center of Kansas, Wichita, KS; Douglas M. Robinson, Wei He, Abhishek Garg, E. Robert McDonald III, Hans Bitter, and Alan Huang, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, MA; and José Baselga, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY.
| | - David Chen
- Gabriel N. Hortobagyi, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; David Chen, Tetiana Taran, and David Lebwohl, Novartis Pharmaceuticals, East Hanover, NJ; Martine Piccart and Fabienne Lebrun, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels; Ines Deleu, Oncology Centre, AZ Nikolaas, Sint-Nikolaas, Belgium; Hope S. Rugo, University of California, San Francisco; Ian Anderson, Redwood Regional Oncology Center, Santa Rosa, CA; Howard A. Burris III, Sarah Cannon Research Institute, Nashville, TN; Kathleen I. Pritchard, Sunnybrook Odette Cancer Centre and the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Mario Campone, Centre de Recherche en Cancerologie, Nantes-Saint-Herblain; Thomas Bachelot, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France; Shinzaburo Noguchi, Osaka University Medical School; Norikazu Masuda, Osaka National Hospital, Osaka, Japan; Alejandra T. Perez, Memorial Cancer Institute, Hollywood, FL; Mikhail Shtivelband, Ironwood Cancer & Research Centers, Chandler, AZ; Shaker Dakhil, Cancer Center of Kansas, Wichita, KS; Douglas M. Robinson, Wei He, Abhishek Garg, E. Robert McDonald III, Hans Bitter, and Alan Huang, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, MA; and José Baselga, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Martine Piccart
- Gabriel N. Hortobagyi, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; David Chen, Tetiana Taran, and David Lebwohl, Novartis Pharmaceuticals, East Hanover, NJ; Martine Piccart and Fabienne Lebrun, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels; Ines Deleu, Oncology Centre, AZ Nikolaas, Sint-Nikolaas, Belgium; Hope S. Rugo, University of California, San Francisco; Ian Anderson, Redwood Regional Oncology Center, Santa Rosa, CA; Howard A. Burris III, Sarah Cannon Research Institute, Nashville, TN; Kathleen I. Pritchard, Sunnybrook Odette Cancer Centre and the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Mario Campone, Centre de Recherche en Cancerologie, Nantes-Saint-Herblain; Thomas Bachelot, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France; Shinzaburo Noguchi, Osaka University Medical School; Norikazu Masuda, Osaka National Hospital, Osaka, Japan; Alejandra T. Perez, Memorial Cancer Institute, Hollywood, FL; Mikhail Shtivelband, Ironwood Cancer & Research Centers, Chandler, AZ; Shaker Dakhil, Cancer Center of Kansas, Wichita, KS; Douglas M. Robinson, Wei He, Abhishek Garg, E. Robert McDonald III, Hans Bitter, and Alan Huang, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, MA; and José Baselga, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Hope S Rugo
- Gabriel N. Hortobagyi, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; David Chen, Tetiana Taran, and David Lebwohl, Novartis Pharmaceuticals, East Hanover, NJ; Martine Piccart and Fabienne Lebrun, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels; Ines Deleu, Oncology Centre, AZ Nikolaas, Sint-Nikolaas, Belgium; Hope S. Rugo, University of California, San Francisco; Ian Anderson, Redwood Regional Oncology Center, Santa Rosa, CA; Howard A. Burris III, Sarah Cannon Research Institute, Nashville, TN; Kathleen I. Pritchard, Sunnybrook Odette Cancer Centre and the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Mario Campone, Centre de Recherche en Cancerologie, Nantes-Saint-Herblain; Thomas Bachelot, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France; Shinzaburo Noguchi, Osaka University Medical School; Norikazu Masuda, Osaka National Hospital, Osaka, Japan; Alejandra T. Perez, Memorial Cancer Institute, Hollywood, FL; Mikhail Shtivelband, Ironwood Cancer & Research Centers, Chandler, AZ; Shaker Dakhil, Cancer Center of Kansas, Wichita, KS; Douglas M. Robinson, Wei He, Abhishek Garg, E. Robert McDonald III, Hans Bitter, and Alan Huang, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, MA; and José Baselga, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Howard A Burris
- Gabriel N. Hortobagyi, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; David Chen, Tetiana Taran, and David Lebwohl, Novartis Pharmaceuticals, East Hanover, NJ; Martine Piccart and Fabienne Lebrun, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels; Ines Deleu, Oncology Centre, AZ Nikolaas, Sint-Nikolaas, Belgium; Hope S. Rugo, University of California, San Francisco; Ian Anderson, Redwood Regional Oncology Center, Santa Rosa, CA; Howard A. Burris III, Sarah Cannon Research Institute, Nashville, TN; Kathleen I. Pritchard, Sunnybrook Odette Cancer Centre and the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Mario Campone, Centre de Recherche en Cancerologie, Nantes-Saint-Herblain; Thomas Bachelot, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France; Shinzaburo Noguchi, Osaka University Medical School; Norikazu Masuda, Osaka National Hospital, Osaka, Japan; Alejandra T. Perez, Memorial Cancer Institute, Hollywood, FL; Mikhail Shtivelband, Ironwood Cancer & Research Centers, Chandler, AZ; Shaker Dakhil, Cancer Center of Kansas, Wichita, KS; Douglas M. Robinson, Wei He, Abhishek Garg, E. Robert McDonald III, Hans Bitter, and Alan Huang, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, MA; and José Baselga, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Kathleen I Pritchard
- Gabriel N. Hortobagyi, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; David Chen, Tetiana Taran, and David Lebwohl, Novartis Pharmaceuticals, East Hanover, NJ; Martine Piccart and Fabienne Lebrun, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels; Ines Deleu, Oncology Centre, AZ Nikolaas, Sint-Nikolaas, Belgium; Hope S. Rugo, University of California, San Francisco; Ian Anderson, Redwood Regional Oncology Center, Santa Rosa, CA; Howard A. Burris III, Sarah Cannon Research Institute, Nashville, TN; Kathleen I. Pritchard, Sunnybrook Odette Cancer Centre and the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Mario Campone, Centre de Recherche en Cancerologie, Nantes-Saint-Herblain; Thomas Bachelot, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France; Shinzaburo Noguchi, Osaka University Medical School; Norikazu Masuda, Osaka National Hospital, Osaka, Japan; Alejandra T. Perez, Memorial Cancer Institute, Hollywood, FL; Mikhail Shtivelband, Ironwood Cancer & Research Centers, Chandler, AZ; Shaker Dakhil, Cancer Center of Kansas, Wichita, KS; Douglas M. Robinson, Wei He, Abhishek Garg, E. Robert McDonald III, Hans Bitter, and Alan Huang, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, MA; and José Baselga, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Mario Campone
- Gabriel N. Hortobagyi, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; David Chen, Tetiana Taran, and David Lebwohl, Novartis Pharmaceuticals, East Hanover, NJ; Martine Piccart and Fabienne Lebrun, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels; Ines Deleu, Oncology Centre, AZ Nikolaas, Sint-Nikolaas, Belgium; Hope S. Rugo, University of California, San Francisco; Ian Anderson, Redwood Regional Oncology Center, Santa Rosa, CA; Howard A. Burris III, Sarah Cannon Research Institute, Nashville, TN; Kathleen I. Pritchard, Sunnybrook Odette Cancer Centre and the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Mario Campone, Centre de Recherche en Cancerologie, Nantes-Saint-Herblain; Thomas Bachelot, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France; Shinzaburo Noguchi, Osaka University Medical School; Norikazu Masuda, Osaka National Hospital, Osaka, Japan; Alejandra T. Perez, Memorial Cancer Institute, Hollywood, FL; Mikhail Shtivelband, Ironwood Cancer & Research Centers, Chandler, AZ; Shaker Dakhil, Cancer Center of Kansas, Wichita, KS; Douglas M. Robinson, Wei He, Abhishek Garg, E. Robert McDonald III, Hans Bitter, and Alan Huang, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, MA; and José Baselga, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Shinzaburo Noguchi
- Gabriel N. Hortobagyi, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; David Chen, Tetiana Taran, and David Lebwohl, Novartis Pharmaceuticals, East Hanover, NJ; Martine Piccart and Fabienne Lebrun, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels; Ines Deleu, Oncology Centre, AZ Nikolaas, Sint-Nikolaas, Belgium; Hope S. Rugo, University of California, San Francisco; Ian Anderson, Redwood Regional Oncology Center, Santa Rosa, CA; Howard A. Burris III, Sarah Cannon Research Institute, Nashville, TN; Kathleen I. Pritchard, Sunnybrook Odette Cancer Centre and the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Mario Campone, Centre de Recherche en Cancerologie, Nantes-Saint-Herblain; Thomas Bachelot, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France; Shinzaburo Noguchi, Osaka University Medical School; Norikazu Masuda, Osaka National Hospital, Osaka, Japan; Alejandra T. Perez, Memorial Cancer Institute, Hollywood, FL; Mikhail Shtivelband, Ironwood Cancer & Research Centers, Chandler, AZ; Shaker Dakhil, Cancer Center of Kansas, Wichita, KS; Douglas M. Robinson, Wei He, Abhishek Garg, E. Robert McDonald III, Hans Bitter, and Alan Huang, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, MA; and José Baselga, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Alejandra T Perez
- Gabriel N. Hortobagyi, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; David Chen, Tetiana Taran, and David Lebwohl, Novartis Pharmaceuticals, East Hanover, NJ; Martine Piccart and Fabienne Lebrun, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels; Ines Deleu, Oncology Centre, AZ Nikolaas, Sint-Nikolaas, Belgium; Hope S. Rugo, University of California, San Francisco; Ian Anderson, Redwood Regional Oncology Center, Santa Rosa, CA; Howard A. Burris III, Sarah Cannon Research Institute, Nashville, TN; Kathleen I. Pritchard, Sunnybrook Odette Cancer Centre and the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Mario Campone, Centre de Recherche en Cancerologie, Nantes-Saint-Herblain; Thomas Bachelot, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France; Shinzaburo Noguchi, Osaka University Medical School; Norikazu Masuda, Osaka National Hospital, Osaka, Japan; Alejandra T. Perez, Memorial Cancer Institute, Hollywood, FL; Mikhail Shtivelband, Ironwood Cancer & Research Centers, Chandler, AZ; Shaker Dakhil, Cancer Center of Kansas, Wichita, KS; Douglas M. Robinson, Wei He, Abhishek Garg, E. Robert McDonald III, Hans Bitter, and Alan Huang, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, MA; and José Baselga, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Ines Deleu
- Gabriel N. Hortobagyi, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; David Chen, Tetiana Taran, and David Lebwohl, Novartis Pharmaceuticals, East Hanover, NJ; Martine Piccart and Fabienne Lebrun, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels; Ines Deleu, Oncology Centre, AZ Nikolaas, Sint-Nikolaas, Belgium; Hope S. Rugo, University of California, San Francisco; Ian Anderson, Redwood Regional Oncology Center, Santa Rosa, CA; Howard A. Burris III, Sarah Cannon Research Institute, Nashville, TN; Kathleen I. Pritchard, Sunnybrook Odette Cancer Centre and the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Mario Campone, Centre de Recherche en Cancerologie, Nantes-Saint-Herblain; Thomas Bachelot, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France; Shinzaburo Noguchi, Osaka University Medical School; Norikazu Masuda, Osaka National Hospital, Osaka, Japan; Alejandra T. Perez, Memorial Cancer Institute, Hollywood, FL; Mikhail Shtivelband, Ironwood Cancer & Research Centers, Chandler, AZ; Shaker Dakhil, Cancer Center of Kansas, Wichita, KS; Douglas M. Robinson, Wei He, Abhishek Garg, E. Robert McDonald III, Hans Bitter, and Alan Huang, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, MA; and José Baselga, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Mikhail Shtivelband
- Gabriel N. Hortobagyi, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; David Chen, Tetiana Taran, and David Lebwohl, Novartis Pharmaceuticals, East Hanover, NJ; Martine Piccart and Fabienne Lebrun, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels; Ines Deleu, Oncology Centre, AZ Nikolaas, Sint-Nikolaas, Belgium; Hope S. Rugo, University of California, San Francisco; Ian Anderson, Redwood Regional Oncology Center, Santa Rosa, CA; Howard A. Burris III, Sarah Cannon Research Institute, Nashville, TN; Kathleen I. Pritchard, Sunnybrook Odette Cancer Centre and the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Mario Campone, Centre de Recherche en Cancerologie, Nantes-Saint-Herblain; Thomas Bachelot, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France; Shinzaburo Noguchi, Osaka University Medical School; Norikazu Masuda, Osaka National Hospital, Osaka, Japan; Alejandra T. Perez, Memorial Cancer Institute, Hollywood, FL; Mikhail Shtivelband, Ironwood Cancer & Research Centers, Chandler, AZ; Shaker Dakhil, Cancer Center of Kansas, Wichita, KS; Douglas M. Robinson, Wei He, Abhishek Garg, E. Robert McDonald III, Hans Bitter, and Alan Huang, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, MA; and José Baselga, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Norikazu Masuda
- Gabriel N. Hortobagyi, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; David Chen, Tetiana Taran, and David Lebwohl, Novartis Pharmaceuticals, East Hanover, NJ; Martine Piccart and Fabienne Lebrun, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels; Ines Deleu, Oncology Centre, AZ Nikolaas, Sint-Nikolaas, Belgium; Hope S. Rugo, University of California, San Francisco; Ian Anderson, Redwood Regional Oncology Center, Santa Rosa, CA; Howard A. Burris III, Sarah Cannon Research Institute, Nashville, TN; Kathleen I. Pritchard, Sunnybrook Odette Cancer Centre and the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Mario Campone, Centre de Recherche en Cancerologie, Nantes-Saint-Herblain; Thomas Bachelot, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France; Shinzaburo Noguchi, Osaka University Medical School; Norikazu Masuda, Osaka National Hospital, Osaka, Japan; Alejandra T. Perez, Memorial Cancer Institute, Hollywood, FL; Mikhail Shtivelband, Ironwood Cancer & Research Centers, Chandler, AZ; Shaker Dakhil, Cancer Center of Kansas, Wichita, KS; Douglas M. Robinson, Wei He, Abhishek Garg, E. Robert McDonald III, Hans Bitter, and Alan Huang, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, MA; and José Baselga, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Shaker Dakhil
- Gabriel N. Hortobagyi, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; David Chen, Tetiana Taran, and David Lebwohl, Novartis Pharmaceuticals, East Hanover, NJ; Martine Piccart and Fabienne Lebrun, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels; Ines Deleu, Oncology Centre, AZ Nikolaas, Sint-Nikolaas, Belgium; Hope S. Rugo, University of California, San Francisco; Ian Anderson, Redwood Regional Oncology Center, Santa Rosa, CA; Howard A. Burris III, Sarah Cannon Research Institute, Nashville, TN; Kathleen I. Pritchard, Sunnybrook Odette Cancer Centre and the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Mario Campone, Centre de Recherche en Cancerologie, Nantes-Saint-Herblain; Thomas Bachelot, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France; Shinzaburo Noguchi, Osaka University Medical School; Norikazu Masuda, Osaka National Hospital, Osaka, Japan; Alejandra T. Perez, Memorial Cancer Institute, Hollywood, FL; Mikhail Shtivelband, Ironwood Cancer & Research Centers, Chandler, AZ; Shaker Dakhil, Cancer Center of Kansas, Wichita, KS; Douglas M. Robinson, Wei He, Abhishek Garg, E. Robert McDonald III, Hans Bitter, and Alan Huang, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, MA; and José Baselga, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Ian Anderson
- Gabriel N. Hortobagyi, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; David Chen, Tetiana Taran, and David Lebwohl, Novartis Pharmaceuticals, East Hanover, NJ; Martine Piccart and Fabienne Lebrun, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels; Ines Deleu, Oncology Centre, AZ Nikolaas, Sint-Nikolaas, Belgium; Hope S. Rugo, University of California, San Francisco; Ian Anderson, Redwood Regional Oncology Center, Santa Rosa, CA; Howard A. Burris III, Sarah Cannon Research Institute, Nashville, TN; Kathleen I. Pritchard, Sunnybrook Odette Cancer Centre and the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Mario Campone, Centre de Recherche en Cancerologie, Nantes-Saint-Herblain; Thomas Bachelot, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France; Shinzaburo Noguchi, Osaka University Medical School; Norikazu Masuda, Osaka National Hospital, Osaka, Japan; Alejandra T. Perez, Memorial Cancer Institute, Hollywood, FL; Mikhail Shtivelband, Ironwood Cancer & Research Centers, Chandler, AZ; Shaker Dakhil, Cancer Center of Kansas, Wichita, KS; Douglas M. Robinson, Wei He, Abhishek Garg, E. Robert McDonald III, Hans Bitter, and Alan Huang, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, MA; and José Baselga, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Douglas M Robinson
- Gabriel N. Hortobagyi, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; David Chen, Tetiana Taran, and David Lebwohl, Novartis Pharmaceuticals, East Hanover, NJ; Martine Piccart and Fabienne Lebrun, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels; Ines Deleu, Oncology Centre, AZ Nikolaas, Sint-Nikolaas, Belgium; Hope S. Rugo, University of California, San Francisco; Ian Anderson, Redwood Regional Oncology Center, Santa Rosa, CA; Howard A. Burris III, Sarah Cannon Research Institute, Nashville, TN; Kathleen I. Pritchard, Sunnybrook Odette Cancer Centre and the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Mario Campone, Centre de Recherche en Cancerologie, Nantes-Saint-Herblain; Thomas Bachelot, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France; Shinzaburo Noguchi, Osaka University Medical School; Norikazu Masuda, Osaka National Hospital, Osaka, Japan; Alejandra T. Perez, Memorial Cancer Institute, Hollywood, FL; Mikhail Shtivelband, Ironwood Cancer & Research Centers, Chandler, AZ; Shaker Dakhil, Cancer Center of Kansas, Wichita, KS; Douglas M. Robinson, Wei He, Abhishek Garg, E. Robert McDonald III, Hans Bitter, and Alan Huang, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, MA; and José Baselga, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Wei He
- Gabriel N. Hortobagyi, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; David Chen, Tetiana Taran, and David Lebwohl, Novartis Pharmaceuticals, East Hanover, NJ; Martine Piccart and Fabienne Lebrun, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels; Ines Deleu, Oncology Centre, AZ Nikolaas, Sint-Nikolaas, Belgium; Hope S. Rugo, University of California, San Francisco; Ian Anderson, Redwood Regional Oncology Center, Santa Rosa, CA; Howard A. Burris III, Sarah Cannon Research Institute, Nashville, TN; Kathleen I. Pritchard, Sunnybrook Odette Cancer Centre and the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Mario Campone, Centre de Recherche en Cancerologie, Nantes-Saint-Herblain; Thomas Bachelot, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France; Shinzaburo Noguchi, Osaka University Medical School; Norikazu Masuda, Osaka National Hospital, Osaka, Japan; Alejandra T. Perez, Memorial Cancer Institute, Hollywood, FL; Mikhail Shtivelband, Ironwood Cancer & Research Centers, Chandler, AZ; Shaker Dakhil, Cancer Center of Kansas, Wichita, KS; Douglas M. Robinson, Wei He, Abhishek Garg, E. Robert McDonald III, Hans Bitter, and Alan Huang, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, MA; and José Baselga, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Abhishek Garg
- Gabriel N. Hortobagyi, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; David Chen, Tetiana Taran, and David Lebwohl, Novartis Pharmaceuticals, East Hanover, NJ; Martine Piccart and Fabienne Lebrun, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels; Ines Deleu, Oncology Centre, AZ Nikolaas, Sint-Nikolaas, Belgium; Hope S. Rugo, University of California, San Francisco; Ian Anderson, Redwood Regional Oncology Center, Santa Rosa, CA; Howard A. Burris III, Sarah Cannon Research Institute, Nashville, TN; Kathleen I. Pritchard, Sunnybrook Odette Cancer Centre and the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Mario Campone, Centre de Recherche en Cancerologie, Nantes-Saint-Herblain; Thomas Bachelot, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France; Shinzaburo Noguchi, Osaka University Medical School; Norikazu Masuda, Osaka National Hospital, Osaka, Japan; Alejandra T. Perez, Memorial Cancer Institute, Hollywood, FL; Mikhail Shtivelband, Ironwood Cancer & Research Centers, Chandler, AZ; Shaker Dakhil, Cancer Center of Kansas, Wichita, KS; Douglas M. Robinson, Wei He, Abhishek Garg, E. Robert McDonald III, Hans Bitter, and Alan Huang, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, MA; and José Baselga, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - E Robert McDonald
- Gabriel N. Hortobagyi, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; David Chen, Tetiana Taran, and David Lebwohl, Novartis Pharmaceuticals, East Hanover, NJ; Martine Piccart and Fabienne Lebrun, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels; Ines Deleu, Oncology Centre, AZ Nikolaas, Sint-Nikolaas, Belgium; Hope S. Rugo, University of California, San Francisco; Ian Anderson, Redwood Regional Oncology Center, Santa Rosa, CA; Howard A. Burris III, Sarah Cannon Research Institute, Nashville, TN; Kathleen I. Pritchard, Sunnybrook Odette Cancer Centre and the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Mario Campone, Centre de Recherche en Cancerologie, Nantes-Saint-Herblain; Thomas Bachelot, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France; Shinzaburo Noguchi, Osaka University Medical School; Norikazu Masuda, Osaka National Hospital, Osaka, Japan; Alejandra T. Perez, Memorial Cancer Institute, Hollywood, FL; Mikhail Shtivelband, Ironwood Cancer & Research Centers, Chandler, AZ; Shaker Dakhil, Cancer Center of Kansas, Wichita, KS; Douglas M. Robinson, Wei He, Abhishek Garg, E. Robert McDonald III, Hans Bitter, and Alan Huang, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, MA; and José Baselga, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Hans Bitter
- Gabriel N. Hortobagyi, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; David Chen, Tetiana Taran, and David Lebwohl, Novartis Pharmaceuticals, East Hanover, NJ; Martine Piccart and Fabienne Lebrun, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels; Ines Deleu, Oncology Centre, AZ Nikolaas, Sint-Nikolaas, Belgium; Hope S. Rugo, University of California, San Francisco; Ian Anderson, Redwood Regional Oncology Center, Santa Rosa, CA; Howard A. Burris III, Sarah Cannon Research Institute, Nashville, TN; Kathleen I. Pritchard, Sunnybrook Odette Cancer Centre and the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Mario Campone, Centre de Recherche en Cancerologie, Nantes-Saint-Herblain; Thomas Bachelot, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France; Shinzaburo Noguchi, Osaka University Medical School; Norikazu Masuda, Osaka National Hospital, Osaka, Japan; Alejandra T. Perez, Memorial Cancer Institute, Hollywood, FL; Mikhail Shtivelband, Ironwood Cancer & Research Centers, Chandler, AZ; Shaker Dakhil, Cancer Center of Kansas, Wichita, KS; Douglas M. Robinson, Wei He, Abhishek Garg, E. Robert McDonald III, Hans Bitter, and Alan Huang, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, MA; and José Baselga, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Alan Huang
- Gabriel N. Hortobagyi, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; David Chen, Tetiana Taran, and David Lebwohl, Novartis Pharmaceuticals, East Hanover, NJ; Martine Piccart and Fabienne Lebrun, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels; Ines Deleu, Oncology Centre, AZ Nikolaas, Sint-Nikolaas, Belgium; Hope S. Rugo, University of California, San Francisco; Ian Anderson, Redwood Regional Oncology Center, Santa Rosa, CA; Howard A. Burris III, Sarah Cannon Research Institute, Nashville, TN; Kathleen I. Pritchard, Sunnybrook Odette Cancer Centre and the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Mario Campone, Centre de Recherche en Cancerologie, Nantes-Saint-Herblain; Thomas Bachelot, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France; Shinzaburo Noguchi, Osaka University Medical School; Norikazu Masuda, Osaka National Hospital, Osaka, Japan; Alejandra T. Perez, Memorial Cancer Institute, Hollywood, FL; Mikhail Shtivelband, Ironwood Cancer & Research Centers, Chandler, AZ; Shaker Dakhil, Cancer Center of Kansas, Wichita, KS; Douglas M. Robinson, Wei He, Abhishek Garg, E. Robert McDonald III, Hans Bitter, and Alan Huang, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, MA; and José Baselga, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Tetiana Taran
- Gabriel N. Hortobagyi, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; David Chen, Tetiana Taran, and David Lebwohl, Novartis Pharmaceuticals, East Hanover, NJ; Martine Piccart and Fabienne Lebrun, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels; Ines Deleu, Oncology Centre, AZ Nikolaas, Sint-Nikolaas, Belgium; Hope S. Rugo, University of California, San Francisco; Ian Anderson, Redwood Regional Oncology Center, Santa Rosa, CA; Howard A. Burris III, Sarah Cannon Research Institute, Nashville, TN; Kathleen I. Pritchard, Sunnybrook Odette Cancer Centre and the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Mario Campone, Centre de Recherche en Cancerologie, Nantes-Saint-Herblain; Thomas Bachelot, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France; Shinzaburo Noguchi, Osaka University Medical School; Norikazu Masuda, Osaka National Hospital, Osaka, Japan; Alejandra T. Perez, Memorial Cancer Institute, Hollywood, FL; Mikhail Shtivelband, Ironwood Cancer & Research Centers, Chandler, AZ; Shaker Dakhil, Cancer Center of Kansas, Wichita, KS; Douglas M. Robinson, Wei He, Abhishek Garg, E. Robert McDonald III, Hans Bitter, and Alan Huang, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, MA; and José Baselga, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Thomas Bachelot
- Gabriel N. Hortobagyi, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; David Chen, Tetiana Taran, and David Lebwohl, Novartis Pharmaceuticals, East Hanover, NJ; Martine Piccart and Fabienne Lebrun, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels; Ines Deleu, Oncology Centre, AZ Nikolaas, Sint-Nikolaas, Belgium; Hope S. Rugo, University of California, San Francisco; Ian Anderson, Redwood Regional Oncology Center, Santa Rosa, CA; Howard A. Burris III, Sarah Cannon Research Institute, Nashville, TN; Kathleen I. Pritchard, Sunnybrook Odette Cancer Centre and the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Mario Campone, Centre de Recherche en Cancerologie, Nantes-Saint-Herblain; Thomas Bachelot, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France; Shinzaburo Noguchi, Osaka University Medical School; Norikazu Masuda, Osaka National Hospital, Osaka, Japan; Alejandra T. Perez, Memorial Cancer Institute, Hollywood, FL; Mikhail Shtivelband, Ironwood Cancer & Research Centers, Chandler, AZ; Shaker Dakhil, Cancer Center of Kansas, Wichita, KS; Douglas M. Robinson, Wei He, Abhishek Garg, E. Robert McDonald III, Hans Bitter, and Alan Huang, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, MA; and José Baselga, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Fabienne Lebrun
- Gabriel N. Hortobagyi, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; David Chen, Tetiana Taran, and David Lebwohl, Novartis Pharmaceuticals, East Hanover, NJ; Martine Piccart and Fabienne Lebrun, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels; Ines Deleu, Oncology Centre, AZ Nikolaas, Sint-Nikolaas, Belgium; Hope S. Rugo, University of California, San Francisco; Ian Anderson, Redwood Regional Oncology Center, Santa Rosa, CA; Howard A. Burris III, Sarah Cannon Research Institute, Nashville, TN; Kathleen I. Pritchard, Sunnybrook Odette Cancer Centre and the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Mario Campone, Centre de Recherche en Cancerologie, Nantes-Saint-Herblain; Thomas Bachelot, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France; Shinzaburo Noguchi, Osaka University Medical School; Norikazu Masuda, Osaka National Hospital, Osaka, Japan; Alejandra T. Perez, Memorial Cancer Institute, Hollywood, FL; Mikhail Shtivelband, Ironwood Cancer & Research Centers, Chandler, AZ; Shaker Dakhil, Cancer Center of Kansas, Wichita, KS; Douglas M. Robinson, Wei He, Abhishek Garg, E. Robert McDonald III, Hans Bitter, and Alan Huang, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, MA; and José Baselga, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - David Lebwohl
- Gabriel N. Hortobagyi, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; David Chen, Tetiana Taran, and David Lebwohl, Novartis Pharmaceuticals, East Hanover, NJ; Martine Piccart and Fabienne Lebrun, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels; Ines Deleu, Oncology Centre, AZ Nikolaas, Sint-Nikolaas, Belgium; Hope S. Rugo, University of California, San Francisco; Ian Anderson, Redwood Regional Oncology Center, Santa Rosa, CA; Howard A. Burris III, Sarah Cannon Research Institute, Nashville, TN; Kathleen I. Pritchard, Sunnybrook Odette Cancer Centre and the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Mario Campone, Centre de Recherche en Cancerologie, Nantes-Saint-Herblain; Thomas Bachelot, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France; Shinzaburo Noguchi, Osaka University Medical School; Norikazu Masuda, Osaka National Hospital, Osaka, Japan; Alejandra T. Perez, Memorial Cancer Institute, Hollywood, FL; Mikhail Shtivelband, Ironwood Cancer & Research Centers, Chandler, AZ; Shaker Dakhil, Cancer Center of Kansas, Wichita, KS; Douglas M. Robinson, Wei He, Abhishek Garg, E. Robert McDonald III, Hans Bitter, and Alan Huang, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, MA; and José Baselga, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - José Baselga
- Gabriel N. Hortobagyi, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; David Chen, Tetiana Taran, and David Lebwohl, Novartis Pharmaceuticals, East Hanover, NJ; Martine Piccart and Fabienne Lebrun, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels; Ines Deleu, Oncology Centre, AZ Nikolaas, Sint-Nikolaas, Belgium; Hope S. Rugo, University of California, San Francisco; Ian Anderson, Redwood Regional Oncology Center, Santa Rosa, CA; Howard A. Burris III, Sarah Cannon Research Institute, Nashville, TN; Kathleen I. Pritchard, Sunnybrook Odette Cancer Centre and the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Mario Campone, Centre de Recherche en Cancerologie, Nantes-Saint-Herblain; Thomas Bachelot, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France; Shinzaburo Noguchi, Osaka University Medical School; Norikazu Masuda, Osaka National Hospital, Osaka, Japan; Alejandra T. Perez, Memorial Cancer Institute, Hollywood, FL; Mikhail Shtivelband, Ironwood Cancer & Research Centers, Chandler, AZ; Shaker Dakhil, Cancer Center of Kansas, Wichita, KS; Douglas M. Robinson, Wei He, Abhishek Garg, E. Robert McDonald III, Hans Bitter, and Alan Huang, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, MA; and José Baselga, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
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Chiang KC, Chen HY, Hsu SY, Pang JHS, Wang SY, Hsu JT, Yeh TS, Chen LW, Kuo SF, Sun CC, Lee JM, Yeh CN, Juang HH. PTEN insufficiency modulates ER+ breast cancer cell cycle progression and increases cell growth in vitro and in vivo. Drug Des Devel Ther 2015; 9:4631-8. [PMID: 26316702 PMCID: PMC4541544 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s86184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN), a well-known tumor suppressor gene and frequently mutated or lost in breast cancer, possesses the negative regulation function over the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway. PTEN insufficiency has been associated with advanced breast cancer and poor prognosis of breast cancer patients. Recently, target therapies aimed at PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway to treat breast cancer have got popularity. However, the exact effect of PTEN on breast cancer cells is still not well understood. This study demonstrated that PTEN knockdown in MCF-7 cells strengthened the downstream gene expressions, including p-Akt, p-ERK1/2, p-mTOR, p-p70s6k, and p-GSK3β. PTEN knockdown MCF-7 cells had increased cell growth and Ki-67 expression. Further Western blot demonstrated that p27 was repressed obviously with p21 slightly inhibited and CDK1, 2, 4, 6, cyclin A, and Cdc25C were upregulated in MCF-7 PTEN knockdown cells, leading to the higher growth rate. More importantly, PTEN knockdown MCF-7 cells had higher tumorigenesis and tumor growth in vivo. From our current work, we provided more detailed PTEN-mediated mechanisms to stimulate ER+ breast cancer cell growth. Our result may pave the way for further target therapy development used alone or in combination with other drugs for ER+ breast cancer with PTEN insufficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun-Chun Chiang
- Department of General Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University, Keelung, Republic of China
- Department of General Surgery, Chang Gung University, Keelung, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Huang-Yang Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University, Keelung, Republic of China
| | - Shu-Yuan Hsu
- Department of Anatomy, Chang Gung University, Keelung, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Jong-Hwei S Pang
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, Chang Gung University, Keelung, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Shang-Yu Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Chang Gung University, Keelung, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Jun-Te Hsu
- Department of General Surgery, Chang Gung University, Keelung, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Ta-Sen Yeh
- Department of General Surgery, Chang Gung University, Keelung, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Li-Wei Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Chang Gung University, Keelung, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Sheng-Fong Kuo
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Chang Gung University, Keelung, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Chi-Chin Sun
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University, Keelung, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Jim-Ming Lee
- Department of General Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University, Keelung, Republic of China
| | - Chun-Nan Yeh
- Department of General Surgery, Chang Gung University, Keelung, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Horng-Heng Juang
- Department of Anatomy, Chang Gung University, Keelung, Taiwan, Republic of China
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Chen H, Guan R, Lei Y, Chen J, Ge Q, Zhang X, Dou R, Chen H, Liu H, Qi X, Zhou X, Chen C. Lymphangiogenesis in gastric cancer regulated through Akt/mTOR-VEGF-C/VEGF-D axis. BMC Cancer 2015; 15:103. [PMID: 25884175 PMCID: PMC4358729 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-015-1109-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2014] [Accepted: 02/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lymphangiogenesis plays a significant role in metastasis and recurrence of gastric cancer. There is no report yet focusing on the modulation of VEGF pathway and lymphangiogenesis of gastric cancer by targeting Akt/mTOR pathway. This study aims to demonstrate the relationship between Akt/mTOR pathway and VEGF-C/-D in gastric cancer. METHODS We collected surgically resected gastric adenocarcinoma specimens from 55 consented patients. Immunohistochemistry staining of p-Akt, p-mTOR, VEGF-C, VEGF-D were performed and scored by two independent pathologists. The results were presented as staining intensity and positive staining cell rate. We also measured lymphatic vessel density (LVD) by D2-40 staining. Different dosages of p-Akt inhibitor LY294002 (12.5 μM, 25 μM, 50 μM) and p-mTOR inhibitor Rapamycin (25 nM, 50 nM, 100 nM) were given to gastric cancer cell line SGC-7901 in vitro. The inhibition rate of cell growth was tested by MTT at 24 h, 48 h and 72 h, respectively and protein expressions of Akt, p-Akt, mTOR, p-mTOR, VEGF-C and VEGF-D were examined by Western blot. RESULTS The positive staining rates of p-Akt, p-mTOR, VEGF-C and VEGF-D in 55 gastric cancer clinical specimens were 74.54%, 85.45%, 72.73% and 58.18%. p-Akt and p-mTOR were positively correlated with VEGF-C and VEGF-D (p < 0.01). The LVD increased with incremental tendency of staining intensity of p-Akt, p-mTOR, VEGF-C and VEGF-D. LY294002 or Rapamycin significantly suppressed SGC-7901 cell growth and the inhibition rate was dose and time dependent (p < 0.001). In addition, the protein expression of p-Akt and p-mTOR were positively correlated with that of VEGF-C and VEGF-D (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The level of LVD in gastric cancer specimens was significant higher than that of normal gastric tissue and was positively correlated with p-Akt, p-mTOR, VEGF-C and VEGF-D. Inhibition of p-Akt and p-mTOR, in vitro, decreased tumor cell VEGF-C and VEGF-D significantly. Therefore, we concluded that lymphangiogenesis of gastric cancer might be related to Akt/mTOR-VEGF-C/VEGF-D axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongxia Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 17 Yongwaizheng Street, Nanchang, 330006, China.
| | - Runnian Guan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kaiping Central Hospital, Kaiping, 529300, China.
| | - Yupeng Lei
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 17 Yongwaizheng Street, Nanchang, 330006, China.
| | - Jianyong Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, Nanchang, 330006, China.
| | - Qi Ge
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 17 Yongwaizheng Street, Nanchang, 330006, China.
| | - Xiaoshen Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Ruoxu Dou
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Hongyuan Chen
- Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, School of Basic Course, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510060, China.
| | - Hao Liu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Xiaolong Qi
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 17 Yongwaizheng Street, Nanchang, 330006, China. .,Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Xiaodong Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 17 Yongwaizheng Street, Nanchang, 330006, China.
| | - Changyan Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 17 Yongwaizheng Street, Nanchang, 330006, China. .,Center for Drug Discovery, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
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Madden SF, Clarke C, Gaule P, Aherne ST, O'Donovan N, Clynes M, Crown J, Gallagher WM. BreastMark: an integrated approach to mining publicly available transcriptomic datasets relating to breast cancer outcome. Breast Cancer Res 2014; 15:R52. [PMID: 23820017 PMCID: PMC3978487 DOI: 10.1186/bcr3444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2012] [Revised: 05/14/2013] [Accepted: 07/02/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Breast cancer is a complex heterogeneous disease for which a substantial resource of transcriptomic data is available. Gene expression data have facilitated the division of breast cancer into, at least, five molecular subtypes, namely luminal A, luminal B, HER2, normal-like and basal. Once identified, breast cancer subtypes can inform clinical decisions surrounding patient treatment and prognosis. Indeed, it is important to identify patients at risk of developing aggressive disease so as to tailor the level of clinical intervention. Methods We have developed a user-friendly, web-based system to allow the evaluation of genes/microRNAs (miRNAs) that are significantly associated with survival in breast cancer and its molecular subtypes. The algorithm combines gene expression data from multiple microarray experiments which frequently also contain miRNA expression information, and detailed clinical data to correlate outcome with gene/miRNA expression levels. This algorithm integrates gene expression and survival data from 26 datasets on 12 different microarray platforms corresponding to approximately 17,000 genes in up to 4,738 samples. In addition, the prognostic potential of 341 miRNAs can be analysed. Results We demonstrated the robustness of our approach in comparison to two commercially available prognostic tests, oncotype DX and MammaPrint. Our algorithm complements these prognostic tests and is consistent with their findings. In addition, BreastMark can act as a powerful reductionist approach to these more complex gene signatures, eliminating superfluous genes, potentially reducing the cost and complexity of these multi-index assays. Known miRNA prognostic markers, mir-205 and mir-93, were used to confirm the prognostic value of this tool in a miRNA setting. We also applied the algorithm to examine expression of 58 receptor tyrosine kinases in the basal-like subtype, identifying six receptor tyrosine kinases associated with poor disease-free survival and/or overall survival (EPHA5, FGFR1, FGFR3, VEGFR1, PDGFRβ, and TIE1). A web application for using this algorithm is currently available. Conclusions BreastMark is a powerful tool for examining putative gene/miRNA prognostic markers in breast cancer. The value of this tool will be in the preliminary assessment of putative biomarkers in breast cancer. It will be of particular use to research groups with limited bioinformatics facilities.
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Alonso EN, Orozco M, Eloy Nieto A, Balogh GA. Genes related to suppression of malignant phenotype induced by Maitake D-Fraction in breast cancer cells. J Med Food 2014; 16:602-17. [PMID: 23875900 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2012.0222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
It is already known that the Maitake (D-Fraction) mushroom is involved in stimulating the immune system and activating certain cells that attack cancer, including macrophages, T-cells, and natural killer cells. According to the U.S. National Cancer Institute, polysaccharide complexes present in Maitake mushrooms appear to have significant anticancer activity. However, the exact molecular mechanism of the Maitake antitumoral effect is still unclear. Previously, we have reported that Maitake (D-Fraction) induces apoptosis in breast cancer cells by activation of BCL2-antagonist/killer 1 (BAK1) gene expression. At the present work, we are identifying which genes are responsible for the suppression of the tumoral phenotype mechanism induced by Maitake (D-Fraction) in breast cancer cells. Human breast cancer MCF-7 cells were treated with and without increased concentrations of Maitake D-Fraction (36, 91, 183, 367 μg/mL) for 24 h. Total RNA were isolated and cDNA microarrays were hybridized containing 25,000 human genes. Employing the cDNA microarray analysis, we found that Maitake D-Fraction modified the expression of 4068 genes (2420 were upmodulated and 1648 were downmodulated) in MCF-7 breast cancer cells in a dose-dependent manner during 24 h of treatment. The present data shows that Maitake D-Fraction suppresses the breast tumoral phenotype through a putative molecular mechanism modifying the expression of certain genes (such as IGFBP-7, ITGA2, ICAM3, SOD2, CAV-1, Cul-3, NRF2, Cycline E, ST7, and SPARC) that are involved in apoptosis stimulation, inhibition of cell growth and proliferation, cell cycle arrest, blocking migration and metastasis of tumoral cells, and inducing multidrug sensitivity. Altogether, these results suggest that Maitake D-Fraction could be a potential new target for breast cancer chemoprevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliana Noelia Alonso
- Science and Technology Center, Center of Renewable Natural Resources of the Semi-Arid Zone (CERZOS), National Scientific and Technical Research Council (CONICET), Bahia Blanca, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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The RON receptor tyrosine kinase promotes metastasis by triggering MBD4-dependent DNA methylation reprogramming. Cell Rep 2014; 6:141-54. [PMID: 24388747 PMCID: PMC5312658 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2013.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2013] [Revised: 10/25/2013] [Accepted: 12/04/2013] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Metastasis is the major cause of death in cancer patients, yet the genetic and epigenetic programs that drive metastasis are poorly understood. Here, we report an epigenetic reprogramming pathway that is required for breast cancer metastasis. Concerted differential DNA methylation is initiated by the activation of the RON receptor tyrosine kinase by its ligand, macrophage stimulating protein (MSP). Through PI3K signaling, RON/MSP promotes expression of the G:T mismatch-specific thymine glycosylase MBD4. RON/MSP and MBD4-dependent aberrant DNA methylation results in the misregulation of a specific set of genes. Knockdown of MBD4 reverses methylation at these specific loci and blocks metastasis. We also show that the MBD4 glycosylase catalytic residue is required for RON/MSP-driven metastasis. Analysis of human breast cancers revealed that this epigenetic program is significantly associated with poor clinical outcome. Furthermore, inhibition of Ron kinase activity with a pharmacological agent blocks metastasis of patient-derived breast tumor grafts in vivo.
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Hendriks WJAJ, Pulido R. Protein tyrosine phosphatase variants in human hereditary disorders and disease susceptibilities. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2013; 1832:1673-96. [PMID: 23707412 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2013.05.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2013] [Revised: 05/14/2013] [Accepted: 05/16/2013] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Reversible tyrosine phosphorylation of proteins is a key regulatory mechanism to steer normal development and physiological functioning of multicellular organisms. Phosphotyrosine dephosphorylation is exerted by members of the super-family of protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) enzymes and many play such essential roles that a wide variety of hereditary disorders and disease susceptibilities in man are caused by PTP alleles. More than two decades of PTP research has resulted in a collection of PTP genetic variants with corresponding consequences at the molecular, cellular and physiological level. Here we present a comprehensive overview of these PTP gene variants that have been linked to disease states in man. Although the findings have direct bearing for disease diagnostics and for research on disease etiology, more work is necessary to translate this into therapies that alleviate the burden of these hereditary disorders and disease susceptibilities in man.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wiljan J A J Hendriks
- Department of Cell Biology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
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Killer-cell immunoglobulin-like receptor gene profile predicts good molecular response to dasatinib therapy in chronic myeloid leukemia. Exp Hematol 2012; 40:906-913.e1. [PMID: 22842045 DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2012.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2012] [Revised: 07/07/2012] [Accepted: 07/13/2012] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Tyrosine kinase inhibitors have greatly improved the prognosis of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). In addition to direct kinase inhibition, their effects can also be mediated through immune modulation, such as expansion of cytotoxic T and natural-killer cells observed during dasatinib therapy. As natural-killer cell and partially CD8(+) T-cell function are regulated by killer immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIRs), we studied whether the KIR gene profile is associated with clinical therapy response in dasatinib-treated CML patients (n = 191). In first-line patients, the absence of the inhibitory KIR2DL5A (p = 0.0489), 2DL5B (p = 0.030), and 2DL5all (p = 0.0272) genes were associated with improved molecular response at the 12-month time point. In addition, the same trend was seen with two activating KIR genes, 2DS1 (p = 0.061) and 2DS2 (p = 0.071). Furthermore, when patients were clustered into two groups by their KIR gene profile, the BCR-ABL1 transcript levels differed significantly between the groups (p = 0.047), showing that patients who lacked several KIR genes had better response. The comparison of first-line and second-line patients did not show any significant differences in either KIR or human leukocyte antigen genotypes. Our results show that immunogenetic factors, such as the KIR gene profile, can play a role in tyrosine kinase inhibitor therapy response. Additional studies are warranted to elucidate the functional significance of KIR genes associated with treatment outcomes.
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Ren Y, Zhou X, Qi Y, Li G, Mei M, Yao Z. PTEN activation sensitizes breast cancer to PI3-kinase inhibitor through the β-catenin signaling pathway. Oncol Rep 2012; 28:943-8. [PMID: 22710837 DOI: 10.3892/or.2012.1856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2012] [Accepted: 05/14/2012] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Combination therapy is considered a promising therapeutic modality in enhancing treatment efficacy. The phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT signaling pathway is almost universally dysregulated in breast cancer, with specific occurrence of PTEN mutations; thus, it has become an attractive target for cancer treatment. However, the use of single targeted therapeutics against the PI3K/AKT pathway has demonstrated only modest clinical benefits. In this study, recombinant adenovirus-mediated gene transfer of PTEN (AD-PTEN) combined with treatment with LY294002 was utilized to evaluate the effects of suppression of breast cancer cell proliferation. Herein, we show that AD-PTEN significantly enhanced the sensitization of breast cancer cells to LY294002. The 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) values of LY294002 were significantly decreased to a greater extent in cells transfected with combination therapy. In addition, treatment of AD-PTEN-transfected cells with LY294002 resulted in significantly reduced cell viability and invasion ability compared to single LY294002 treatment. Using western blotting, we found that combination treatment resulted in lower levels of phosphorylated AKTSer473 and GSK-3βSer9 than single treatment with LY294002. Furthermore, we showed a significant decrease in nuclear β-catenin, Fra-1, Tcf-4 and c-Myc by combination treatment. Our results indicate that AD-PTEN sensitization of breast cancer to LY294002 is achieved by increased GSK-3β activity, thus resulting in inhibition of the β-catenin signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Ren
- Tianjin Research Center of Basic Medical Science, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, PR China
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