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Khan A, Kiryluk K. Polygenic scores and their applications in kidney disease. Nat Rev Nephrol 2024:10.1038/s41581-024-00886-2. [PMID: 39271761 DOI: 10.1038/s41581-024-00886-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/06/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024]
Abstract
Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have uncovered thousands of risk variants that individually have small effects on the risk of human diseases, including chronic kidney disease, type 2 diabetes, heart diseases and inflammatory disorders, but cumulatively explain a substantial fraction of disease risk, underscoring the complexity and pervasive polygenicity of common disorders. This complexity poses unique challenges to the clinical translation of GWAS findings. Polygenic scores combine small effects of individual GWAS risk variants across the genome to improve personalized risk prediction. Several polygenic scores have now been developed that exhibit sufficiently large effects to be considered clinically actionable. However, their clinical use is limited by their partial transferability across ancestries and a lack of validated models that combine polygenic, monogenic, family history and clinical risk factors. Moreover, prospective studies are still needed to demonstrate the clinical utility and cost-effectiveness of polygenic scores in clinical practice. Here, we discuss evolving methods for developing polygenic scores, best practices for validating and reporting their performance, and the study designs that will empower their clinical implementation. We specifically focus on the polygenic scores relevant to nephrology and other chronic, complex diseases and review their key limitations, necessary refinements and potential clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atlas Khan
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Vagelos College of Physicians & Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Krzysztof Kiryluk
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Vagelos College of Physicians & Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
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2
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Berner MJ, Beasley HK, Vue Z, Lane A, Vang L, Baek ML, Marshall AG, Killion M, Zeleke F, Shao B, Parker D, Peterson A, Rhoades JS, Scudese E, Dobrolecki LE, Lewis MT, Hinton A, Echeverria GV. Three-dimensional analysis of mitochondria in a patient-derived xenograft model of triple negative breast cancer reveals mitochondrial network remodeling following chemotherapy treatments. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.09.09.611245. [PMID: 39314272 PMCID: PMC11419075 DOI: 10.1101/2024.09.09.611245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/25/2024]
Abstract
Mitochondria are hubs of metabolism and signaling and play an important role in tumorigenesis, therapeutic resistance, and metastasis in many cancer types. Various laboratory models of cancer demonstrate the extraordinary dynamics of mitochondrial structure, but little is known about the role of mitochondrial structure in resistance to anticancer therapy. We previously demonstrated the importance of mitochondrial structure and oxidative phosphorylation in the survival of chemotherapy-refractory triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells. As TNBC is a highly aggressive breast cancer subtype with few targeted therapy options, conventional chemotherapies remain the backbone of early TNBC treatment. Unfortunately, approximately 45% of TNBC patients retain substantial residual tumor burden following chemotherapy, associated with abysmal prognoses. Using an orthotopic patient-derived xenograft mouse model of human TNBC, we compared mitochondrial structures between treatment-naïve tumors and residual tumors after conventional chemotherapeutics were administered singly or in combination. We reconstructed 1,750 mitochondria in three dimensions from serial block-face scanning electron micrographs, providing unprecedented insights into the complexity and intra-tumoral heterogeneity of mitochondria in TNBC. Following exposure to carboplatin or docetaxel given individually, residual tumor mitochondria exhibited significant increases in mitochondrial complexity index, area, volume, perimeter, width, and length relative to treatment-naïve tumor mitochondria. In contrast, residual tumors exposed to those chemotherapies given in combination exhibited diminished mitochondrial structure changes. Further, we document extensive intra-tumoral heterogeneity of mitochondrial structure, especially prior to chemotherapeutic exposure. These results highlight the potential for structure-based monitoring of chemotherapeutic responses and reveal potential molecular mechanisms that underlie chemotherapeutic resistance in TNBC.
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3
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Wilson RL, Boundouki G, Jackson RJ, Dave RV, Harvey JR, Wray J, Ballance L, Henderson JR, Duxbury P, Ibrahim I, Appanah V, Kirwan CC. Breast cancer research gaps: a questionnaire-based study to determine overall priorities and compare the priorities of patients, the public, clinicians and scientists. BMJ Open 2024; 14:e084573. [PMID: 39209499 PMCID: PMC11367287 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2024-084573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 07/26/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aims to prioritise the themes identified from the three gap analyses performed by a combination of scientists, clinicians, patients and members of the public to determine areas in breast cancer care where research is lacking. We also aimed to compare the priorities of areas of agreed research need between patients, the public, clinicians and scientists. DESIGN A cross-section of patients, public, clinicians and scientists completed a prioritisation exercise to rank the identified themes where research is lacking in breast cancer care. PARTICIPANTS Patients, clinicians and scientists who have experienced, managed or worked in the field of breast cancer and members of the public. METHODS The research areas identified in the Breast Cancer Campaign, Association of Breast Surgery and North West Breast Research Collaborative gap analyses were outlined as 22 themes in lay terminology. Patients, members of the public, clinicians and scientists were invited to complete the prioritisation exercise, on paper or electronically, ranking the themes from 1 to 22. Comparisons were made with arithmetic mean ranking. RESULTS Of the 510 prioritisation exercises completed, 179 (35%) participants were patients, 162 (32%) public, 43 (8%) scientists and 122 (24%) clinicians. The theme ranked of highest priority overall was 'better prevention' (arithmetic mean rank 6.4 (SE 0.23)). 'Better prevention' was ranked top or second by patients, public and clinicians (7 (0.39), 4.7 (0.34) and 6.8 (0.5), respectively), however, scientists ranked this as their sixth most important factor (7.7 (0.92)). The public and clinicians had good agreement with patients (r=0.84 and r=0.75, respectively), whereas scientists had moderate agreement with patients (r=0.65). Certain themes were ranked significantly differently by participant groups. Compared with clinicians, patients prioritised research into 'alternative to mammograms', 'diagnostic (cancer) blood test' and 'rare cancers' (OR 2.1 (95% CI 1.3 to 3.5), p=0.002, OR 2.1 (95% CI 1.3 to 3.5), p=0.004 and OR 1.7 (95% CI 1.1 to 2.8), p=0.03). Compared with scientists, patients deprioritised 'better laboratory models' (OR 0.4 (95% CI 0.2 to 0.8), p=0.01). CONCLUSION This study demonstrates that patients, public, clinicians and scientists have different research priorities, with scientists being a particular outlier. This highlights the need to ensure the engagement of patients and public in research funding prioritisation decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Richard J Jackson
- Liverpool Clinical Trials Centre, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Rajiv V Dave
- Nightingale Breast Centre, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - James R Harvey
- Nightingale Breast Centre, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - Julie Wray
- Indepedent Patient Representative, Wythenshawe Hospital, Manchester, UK
| | | | - Julia R Henderson
- Linda McCartney Centre, Royal Liverpool University Hospital, Liverpool, UK
| | - Paula Duxbury
- Research and Innovation, Greater Manchester Mental Health NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | | | | | | | - on behalf of the North West Breast Research Collaborative
- Breast Surgery, University Hospital of North Tees, Stockton on Tees, UK
- Breast Surgery, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Sheffield, UK
- Liverpool Clinical Trials Centre, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
- Nightingale Breast Centre, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
- Indepedent Patient Representative, Wythenshawe Hospital, Manchester, UK
- Wythenshawe Hospital, Manchester, UK
- Linda McCartney Centre, Royal Liverpool University Hospital, Liverpool, UK
- Research and Innovation, Greater Manchester Mental Health NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
- Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
- The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
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4
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Pant A, Anjankar AP, Shende S, Dhok A, Jha RK, Manglaram AV. Early detection of breast cancer through the diagnosis of Nipple Aspirate Fluid (NAF). Clin Proteomics 2024; 21:45. [PMID: 38943056 PMCID: PMC11212179 DOI: 10.1186/s12014-024-09495-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/01/2024] Open
Abstract
The development of breast cancer has been mainly reported in women who have reached the post-menopausal stage; therefore, it is the primary factor responsible for death amongst postmenopausal women. However, if treated on time it has shown a survival rate of 20 years in about two-thirds of women. Cases of breast cancer have also been reported in younger women and the leading cause in them is their lifestyle pattern or they may be carriers of high penetrance mutated genes. Premenopausal women who have breast cancer have been diagnosed with aggressive build-up of tumors and are therefore at more risk of loss of life. Mammography is an effective way to test for breast cancer in women after menopause but is not so effective for premenopausal women or younger females. Imaging techniques like contrast-enhanced MRI can up to some extent indicate the presence of a tumor but it cannot adequately differentiate between benign and malignant tumors. Although the 'omics' strategies continuing for the last 20 years have been helpful at the molecular level in enabling the characteristics and proper understanding of such tumors over long-term longitudinal monitoring. Classification, diagnosis, and prediction of the outcomes have been made through tissue and serum biomarkers but these also fail to diagnose the disease at an early stage. Considerably there is no adequate detection technique present globally that can help early detection and provide adequate specificity, safety, sensitivity, and convenience for the younger and premenopausal women, thereby it becomes necessary to take early measures and build efficient tools and techniques for the same. Through biopsies of nipple aspirate fluid (NAF) biomarker profiling can be performed. It is a naturally secreted fluid from the cells of epithelium found in the breast. Nowadays, home-based liquid biopsy collection kits are also available through which a routine check on breast health can be performed with the help of NAF. Herein, we will review the biomarker screening liquid biopsy, and the new emerging technologies for the examination of cancer at an early stage, especially in premenopausal women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Pant
- Department of Biochemistry, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha Sawangi Meghe, India.
| | - Ashish P Anjankar
- Department of Biochemistry, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha Sawangi Meghe, India
| | - Sandesh Shende
- Department of Biochemistry, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha Sawangi Meghe, India
| | - Archana Dhok
- Department of Biochemistry, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha Sawangi Meghe, India
| | - Roshan Kumar Jha
- Department of Biochemistry, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha Sawangi Meghe, India
| | - Anjali Vagga Manglaram
- Department of Biochemistry, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha Sawangi Meghe, India
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5
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Rivera-Alcántara JA, Esparza-Hurtado N, Galán-Ramírez GA, Cruz-Bautista I, Mehta R, Aguilar-Salinas CA, Martagon AJ. A systematic review of biobanks in Latin America: Strengths and limitations for biomedical research. Int J Biol Markers 2024; 39:91-106. [PMID: 38613331 DOI: 10.1177/03936155241239672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
Biobanks are valuable tools for developing and applying scientific research and international cooperation through the collection of biological materials and their associated data. Systematic research following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis guidelines was conducted in late 2022 in PubMed and Scopus, and generated 17 articles to be reviewed in depth and critically assessed using the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme Checklist due to the limited available data; 12 relevant health organizations and government websites outside of peer-reviewed journals were also included. Our research identified 44 biobanks in Latin America. In general, there is a lack of regulation and legislation guaranteeing the stored materials' quality and institutional collaboration. We believe a consensus needs to be reached regarding the terminology and definitions used for biobanks. The design for informed consent should also be agreed upon to ensure the privacy of the data shared among institutions. In conclusion, in Latin America, there is a clear need for government support in creating specific procedures for biobanks and providing further support for existing biobanks.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Gabriela A Galán-Ramírez
- Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Mexico City, Mexico
- Unidad de Investigación de Enfermedades Metabólicas, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Ivette Cruz-Bautista
- Unidad de Investigación de Enfermedades Metabólicas, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Roopa Mehta
- Unidad de Investigación de Enfermedades Metabólicas, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Carlos A Aguilar-Salinas
- Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Mexico City, Mexico
- Unidad de Investigación de Enfermedades Metabólicas, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Alexandro J Martagon
- Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Mexico City, Mexico
- Unidad de Investigación de Enfermedades Metabólicas, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico
- The Institute for Obesity Research, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Monterrey, Mexico
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6
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Khan MM, Yalamarty SSK, Rajmalani BA, Filipczak N, Torchilin VP. Recent strategies to overcome breast cancer resistance. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2024; 197:104351. [PMID: 38615873 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2024.104351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is potentially a lethal disease and a leading cause of death in women. Chemotherapy and radiotherapy are the most frequently used treatment options. Drug resistance in advanced breast cancer limits the therapeutic output of treatment. The leading cause of resistance in breast cancer is endocrine and hormonal imbalance, particularly in triple negative and HER2 positive breast cancers. The efflux of drugs due to p-gp's activity is another leading cause of resistance. Breast cancer resistant protein also contributes significantly. Strategies used to combat resistance include the use of nanoparticles to target drug delivery by co-delivery of chemotherapeutic drugs and genes (siRNA and miRNA) that help to down-regulate genes causing resistance. The siRNA is specific and effectively silences p-gp and other proteins causing resistance. The use of chemosensitizers is also effective in overcoming resistance. Chemo-sensitizers sensitize cancer cells to the effects of chemotherapeutic drugs. Novel anti-neoplastic agents such as antibody-drug conjugates and mesenchymal stem cells are also effective tools used to improve the therapeutic response in breast cancer. Similarly, combination of photo/thermal ablation with chemotherapy can act to overcome breast cancer resistance. In this review, we focus on the mechanism of breast cancer resistance and the nanoparticle-based strategies used to combat resistance in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Muzamil Khan
- Center of Nanomedicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | | | - Bharat Ashok Rajmalani
- Center for Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Nanomedicine, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Nina Filipczak
- Center for Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Nanomedicine, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Vladimir P Torchilin
- Center for Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Nanomedicine, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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7
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Horgan D, den Bulcke MV, Malapelle U, Normanno N, Capoluongo ED, Prelaj A, Rizzari C, Stathopoulou A, Singh J, Kozaric M, Dube F, Ottaviano M, Boccia S, Pravettoni G, Cattaneo I, Malats N, Buettner R, Lekadir K, de Lorenzo F, Blanc P, Alix-Panabieres C, Badreh S, Hofman P, Solary E, De Maria R. Aligning Cancer Research Priorities in Europe with Recommendations for Conquering Cancer: A Comprehensive Analysis. Healthcare (Basel) 2024; 12:259. [PMID: 38275541 PMCID: PMC10815829 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare12020259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Improvements in cancer care require a new degree of collaboration beyond the purely medical sphere, extending deeply into the world of other stakeholders-preeminently patients but also the other stakeholders in the hardware and software of care. Cancer remains a global health challenge, necessitating collaborative efforts to understand, prevent, and treat this complex disease. To achieve this goal, a comprehensive analysis was conducted, aligning the prioritization of cancer research measures in 13 European countries with 13 key recommendations for conquering cancer in the region. The study utilized a survey involving both patients and citizens, alongside data from IQVIA, a global healthcare data provider, to assess the availability and access to single-biomarker tests in multiple European countries. The results revealed a focused approach toward understanding, preventing, and treating cancer, with each country emphasizing specific research measures tailored to its strengths and healthcare objectives. This analysis highlights the intricate relationship between research priorities, access to biomarker tests, and financial support. Timely access to tests and increased availability positively influence research areas such as cancer prevention, early detection, ageing, and data utilization. The alignment of these country-specific measures with 13 recommendations for conquering cancer in Europe underscores the importance of tailored strategies for understanding, preventing, and treating cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denis Horgan
- European Alliance for Personalised Medicine, 1040 Brussels, Belgium; (J.S.); (M.K.)
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Engineering, Jacob Institute of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj 211007, India
| | | | - Umberto Malapelle
- Department of Public Health, University Federico II of Naples, 80138 Naples, Italy;
| | - Nicola Normanno
- Istituto Nazionale Tumori “Fondazione G. Pascale”—IRCCS, 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Ettore D. Capoluongo
- Dipartimento di Eccellenza in Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università Federico II, 80138 Naples, Italy;
- Department of Clinical Pathology and Genomics, Azienda Ospedaliera Per L’Emergenza Cannizzaro, 95126 Catania, Italy
| | - Arsela Prelaj
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, 20133 Milan, Italy;
| | - Carmelo Rizzari
- Unità di Ematologia Pediatrica, Fondazione MBBM, Università di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Monza, Italy;
| | - Aliki Stathopoulou
- European Cancer Patient Coalition, 1000 Brussels, Belgium; (A.S.); (F.d.L.)
| | - Jaya Singh
- European Alliance for Personalised Medicine, 1040 Brussels, Belgium; (J.S.); (M.K.)
| | - Marta Kozaric
- European Alliance for Personalised Medicine, 1040 Brussels, Belgium; (J.S.); (M.K.)
| | - France Dube
- Astra Zeneca, Concord Pike, Wilmington, DE 19803, USA;
| | - Manuel Ottaviano
- Departamento de Tecnología Fotónica y Bioingeniería, Universidad Politècnica de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Stefania Boccia
- Section of Hygiene, Department of Life Sciences and Public Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 20123 Rome, Italy;
- Departments of Woman and Child Health and Public Health, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Gabriella Pravettoni
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy;
- Applied Research Division for Cognitive and Psychological Science, European Institute of Oncology (IEO) IRCCS, 20139 Milan, Italy
| | | | - Núria Malats
- Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Group, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), 28029 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Reinhard Buettner
- Lung Cancer Group Cologne, Institute of Pathology and Medical Faculty, Center for Integrated Oncology Cologne/Bonn, University Hospital Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany;
| | - Karim Lekadir
- Artificial Intelligence in Medicine Lab (BCN-AIM), Universitat de Barcelona, 08007 Barcelona, Spain;
| | | | | | - Catherine Alix-Panabieres
- Laboratory of Rare Human Circulating Cells, University Medical Center of Montpellier, 34093 Montpellier, France;
| | - Sara Badreh
- Cancer Childhood International, 1200 Vienna, Austria;
| | - Paul Hofman
- Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Pathology, Pasteur Hospital, Université Côte d’Azur, 06000 Nice, France;
| | - Eric Solary
- INSERM U1287, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, 94805 Villejuif, France;
- Faculty of Medicine, Université Paris-Sud, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, 91405 Île-de-France, France
- Department of Hematology, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, 94805 Paris, France
| | - Ruggero De Maria
- Institute of General Pathology, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, 20123 Rome, Italy;
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8
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Dhoundiyal S, Alam MA. Advancements in Biotechnology and Stem Cell Therapies for Breast Cancer Patients. Curr Stem Cell Res Ther 2024; 19:1072-1083. [PMID: 37815191 DOI: 10.2174/011574888x268109230924233850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
This comprehensive review article examines the integration of biotechnology and stem cell therapy in breast cancer diagnosis and treatment. It discusses the use of biotechnological tools such as liquid biopsies, genomic profiling, and imaging technologies for accurate diagnosis and monitoring of treatment response. Stem cell-based approaches, their role in modeling breast cancer progression, and their potential for breast reconstruction post-mastectomy are explored. The review highlights the importance of personalized treatment strategies that combine biotechnological tools and stem cell therapies. Ethical considerations, challenges in clinical translation, and regulatory frameworks are also addressed. The article concludes by emphasizing the potential of integrating biotechnology and stem cell therapy to improve breast cancer outcomes, highlighting the need for continued research and collaboration in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shivang Dhoundiyal
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medical and Allied Sciences, Galgotias University, Greater Noida, Uttar
Pradesh, India
| | - Md Aftab Alam
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medical and Allied Sciences, Galgotias University, Greater Noida, Uttar
Pradesh, India
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9
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Sassarini J, Lumsden MA. Post cancer care in women with an increased risk of malignancy or previous malignancy: The use of hormone replacement therapy and alternative treatments. Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab 2024; 38:101854. [PMID: 38160182 DOI: 10.1016/j.beem.2023.101854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Jenifer Sassarini
- Consultant in Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Princess Royal Maternity Hospital, NHS Greater Glasgow, Argyll and Clyde, UK
| | - Mary Ann Lumsden
- Hon Prof of Gynaecology and Medical Education, University of Glasgow, UK.
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10
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Behl T, Kumar A, Vishakha, Sehgal A, Singh S, Sharma N, Yadav S, Rashid S, Ali N, Ahmed AS, Vargas-De-La-Cruz C, Bungau SG, Khan H. Understanding the mechanistic pathways and clinical aspects associated with protein and gene based biomarkers in breast cancer. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:126595. [PMID: 37648139 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is one of the most widespread and severe diseases with a huge mortality rate. In recent years, the second-leading mortality rate of any cancer globally has been breast cancer, which is one of the most common and deadly cancers found in women. Detecting breast cancer in its initial stages simplifies treatment, decreases death risk, and recovers survival rates for patients. The death rate for breast cancer has risen to 0.024 % in some regions. Sensitive and accurate technologies are required for the preclinical detection of BC at an initial stage. Biomarkers play a very crucial role in the early identification as well as diagnosis of women with breast cancer. Currently, a wide variety of cancer biomarkers have been discovered for the diagnosis of cancer. For the identification of these biomarkers from serum or other body fluids at physiological amounts, many detection methods have been developed. In the case of breast cancer, biomarkers are especially helpful in discovering those who are more likely to develop the disease, determining prognosis at the time of initial diagnosis and choosing the best systemic therapy. In this study we have compiled various clinical aspects and signaling pathways associated with protein-based biomarkers and gene-based biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tapan Behl
- School of Health Sciences and Technology, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Dehradun 248007, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Ankush Kumar
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, IET Bhaddal Technical Campus, Ropar 140108, Punjab, India
| | - Vishakha
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, IET Bhaddal Technical Campus, Ropar 140108, Punjab, India
| | - Aayush Sehgal
- GHG Khalsa College of Pharmacy, Gurusar Sadhar, 141104 Ludhiana, Punjab, India
| | - Sukhbir Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutics, MM College of Pharmacy, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana Ambala 133203, Haryana, India
| | - Neelam Sharma
- Department of Pharmaceutics, MM College of Pharmacy, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana Ambala 133203, Haryana, India
| | - Shivam Yadav
- School of Pharmacy, Babu Banarasi Das University, Lucknow 226028, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Summya Rashid
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 173, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Nemat Ali
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadah 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amira Saber Ahmed
- Hormones Department, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre, Giza 12622, Egypt
| | - Celia Vargas-De-La-Cruz
- Department of Pharmacology, Bromatology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima 150001, Peru; E-Health Research Center, Universidad de Ciencias y Humanidades, Lima 15001, Peru
| | - Simona Gabriela Bungau
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, Oradea 410087, Romania; Doctoral School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Oradea, Oradea 410087, Romania
| | - Haroon Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan 23200, Pakistan.
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11
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Qiu J, Qian D, Jiang Y, Meng L, Huang L. Circulating tumor biomarkers in early-stage breast cancer: characteristics, detection, and clinical developments. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1288077. [PMID: 37941557 PMCID: PMC10628786 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1288077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common form of cancer in women, contributing to high rates of morbidity and mortality owing to the ability of these tumors to metastasize via the vascular system even in the early stages of progression. While ultrasonography and mammography have enabled the more reliable detection of early-stage breast cancer, these approaches entail high rates of false positive and false negative results Mammograms also expose patients to radiation, raising clinical concerns. As such, there is substantial interest in the development of more accurate and efficacious approaches to diagnosing breast cancer in its early stages when patients are more likely to benefit from curative treatment efforts. Blood-based biomarkers derived from the tumor microenvironment (TME) have frequently been studied as candidate targets that can enable tumor detection when used for patient screening. Through these efforts, many promising biomarkers including tumor antigens, circulating tumor cell clusters, microRNAs, extracellular vesicles, circulating tumor DNA, metabolites, and lipids have emerged as targets that may enable the detection of breast tumors at various stages of progression. This review provides a systematic overview of the TME characteristics of early breast cancer, together with details on current approaches to detecting blood-based biomarkers in affected patients. The limitations, challenges, and prospects associated with different experimental and clinical platforms employed in this context are also discussed at length.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Qiu
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Shaoxing People’s Hospital, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - Da Qian
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery-Hand Surgery, Changshu Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Changshu No.1 People’s Hospital, Changshu, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuancong Jiang
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Shaoxing People’s Hospital, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - Liwei Meng
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Shaoxing People’s Hospital, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - Liming Huang
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Shaoxing People’s Hospital, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, China
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12
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Zhang Q, Liang X, Zhang Y, Nie H, Chen Z. A review of contrast-enhanced ultrasound using SonoVue® and Sonazoid™ in non-hepatic organs. Eur J Radiol 2023; 167:111060. [PMID: 37657380 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2023.111060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023]
Abstract
Contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) is a dependable modality for the diagnosis of various clinical conditions. A judicious selection of ultrasound contrast agent (UCA) is imperative for optimizing imaging and improving diagnosis. Approved UCAs for imaging the majority of organs include SonoVue, a pure blood agent, and Sonazoid, which exhibits an additional Kupffer phase. Despite the fact that the two UCAs are increasingly being employed, there is a lack of comparative reviews between the two agents in different organs diseases. This review represents the first attempt to compare the two UCAs in non-hepatic organs, primarily including breast, thyroid, pancreas, and spleen diseases. Through comparative analysis, this review provides a comprehensive and objective evaluation of the performance characteristics of SonoVue and Sonazoid, with the aim of offering valuable guidance for the clinical application of CEUS. Overall, further clinical evidences are required to compare and contrast the dissimilarities between the two UCAs in non-hepatic organs, enabling clinicians to make an appropriate selection based on actual clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Zhang
- Institution of Medical Imaging, The Affiliated Changsha Central Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Changsha, China; Institution of Medical Imaging, University of South China, Hengyang, China; The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Changsha, China
| | - Xiaowen Liang
- Institution of Medical Imaging, The Affiliated Changsha Central Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Changsha, China; Institution of Medical Imaging, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Yanfen Zhang
- Department of Ultrasound, The Affiliated Changsha Central Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Changsha, China
| | - Hongjun Nie
- Department of Ultrasound, The Affiliated Changsha Central Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Changsha, China
| | - Zhiyi Chen
- Institution of Medical Imaging, The Affiliated Changsha Central Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Changsha, China; Institution of Medical Imaging, University of South China, Hengyang, China.
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13
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Henkel J, Laner A, Locher M, Wohlfrom T, Neitzel B, Becker K, Neuhann T, Abicht A, Steinke-Lange V, Holinski-Feder E. Diagnostic yield and clinical relevance of expanded germline genetic testing for nearly 7000 suspected HBOC patients. Eur J Hum Genet 2023; 31:925-930. [PMID: 37188824 PMCID: PMC10400578 DOI: 10.1038/s41431-023-01380-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Here we report the results of a retrospective germline analysis of 6941 individuals fulfilling the criteria necessary for genetic testing of hereditary breast- and ovarian cancer (HBOC) according to the German S3 or AGO Guidelines. Genetic testing was performed by next-generation sequencing using 123 cancer-associated genes based on the Illumina TruSight® Cancer Sequencing Panel. In 1431 of 6941 cases (20.6%) at least one variant was reported (ACMG/AMP classes 3-5). Of those 56.3% (n = 806) were class 4 or 5 and 43.7% (n = 625) were a class 3 (VUS). We defined a 14 gene HBOC core gene panel and compared this to a national and different internationally recommended gene panels (German Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer Consortium HBOC Consortium, ClinGen expert Panel, Genomics England PanelsApp) in regard of diagnostic yield, revealing a diagnostic range of pathogenic variants (class 4/5) from 7.8 to 11.6% depending on the panel evaluated. With the 14 HBOC core gene panel having a diagnostic yield of pathogenic variants (class 4/5) of 10.8%. Additionally, 66 (1%) pathogenic variants (ACMG/AMP class 4 or 5) were found in genes outside the 14 HBOC core gene set (secondary findings) that would have been missed with the restriction to the analysis of HBOC genes. Furthermore, we evaluated a workflow for a periodic re-evaluation of variants of uncertain clinical significance (VUS) for the improvement of clinical validity of germline genetic testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Henkel
- MGZ - Medizinisch Genetisches Zentrum, München, Germany
| | - Andreas Laner
- MGZ - Medizinisch Genetisches Zentrum, München, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Angela Abicht
- MGZ - Medizinisch Genetisches Zentrum, München, Germany
- Friedrich-Baur-Institute, Department of Neurology, Klinikum der Universität, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, München, Germany
| | - Verena Steinke-Lange
- MGZ - Medizinisch Genetisches Zentrum, München, Germany
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Campus Innenstadt, Klinikum der Universität, München, Germany
| | - Elke Holinski-Feder
- MGZ - Medizinisch Genetisches Zentrum, München, Germany.
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Campus Innenstadt, Klinikum der Universität, München, Germany.
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14
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Patellongi I, Amiruddin A, Massi MN, Islam AA, Pratama MY, Sutandyo N, Latar NH, Faruk M. Circulating miR-221/222 expression as microRNA biomarker predicting tamoxifen treatment outcome: a case-control study. Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2023; 85:3806-3815. [PMID: 37554919 PMCID: PMC10406100 DOI: 10.1097/ms9.0000000000001061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The high mortality rate in breast cancer (BC) patients is generally due to metastases resistant to systemic therapy. Two causes of systemic therapy resistance in BC patients are circulating miRNAs-221 and miR-222, leading to improved BC cell proliferation, survival, and reduced cell apoptosis. This study investigated the miRNA expression changes associated with cancer cell resistance to tamoxifen therapy and is expected to be clinically meaningful before providing endocrine therapy to luminal-type BC patients who express them. Methods This case-control research included individuals with the luminal subtype of BC who had received tamoxifen medication for around one year. Furthermore, the case group contained 15 individuals with local recurrence or metastases, while the control group comprised 19 patients without local recurrence or metastases. Plasma miR-221/222 quantification was performed with real-time PCR using transcript-specific primers. Results A significant difference was found in circulating miR-221 expression between cases and controls (P=0.005) but not in miR-222 expression (P=0.070). There were no significant differences between miR-221/222 expression, progesterone receptor, Ki67 protein levels, lymphovascular invasion, and stage. However, receiver operator characteristic curve analyses showed miR-221/222 expressions predictive of tamoxifen resistance (P=0.030) with a sensitivity of 60.00 and a specificity of 83.33%. Conclusion The use of circulating miR-221/222 expression can predict relapse as well as resistance to tamoxifen treatment in BC patients, and their testing is recommended for luminal subtype BC patients who will undergo tamoxifen therapy to determine their risk of tamoxifen resistance early, increasing treatment effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Noorwati Sutandyo
- Department of Medical Hematology-Oncology, Dharmais Hospital National Cancer Center, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Nani H.M. Latar
- Endocrine and Breast Surgery Unit, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Center, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Muhammad Faruk
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Hasanuddin, Makassar
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15
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Supper P, Semmler L, Placheta-Györi E, Teufelsbauer M, Harik-Chraim E, Radtke C. [Update and Trends in Breast Reconstruction After Mastectomy]. HANDCHIR MIKROCHIR P 2023; 55:253-261. [PMID: 37487507 PMCID: PMC10415025 DOI: 10.1055/a-2082-1542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to refinements in operating techniques, autologous breast reconstruction has become part of standard care. It has become more difficult to advise patients due to the expansion of oncologic options for mastectomy, radiation therapy and the variety of reconstructive techniques. The goal of reconstruction is to achieve oncologically clear margins and a long-term aesthetically satisfactory result with a high quality of life. Immediate reconstruction preserves the skin of the breast and its natural form and prevents the psychological trauma associated with mastectomy. However, secondary reconstructions often have a higher satisfaction, since here no restitutio ad integrum is assumed. Alloplastic, i. e., implant-based, breast reconstruction and autologous breast reconstruction are complementary techniques. This article provides an overview of current options for breast reconstruction including patients' satisfaction and quality of life following breast reconstruction. Although immediate reconstruction is still the preferred choice of most patients and surgeons, delayed reconstruction does not appear to compromise clinical or patient-reported outcomes. Recent refinements in surgical techniques and autologous breast reconstruction include stacked-flaps, as well as microsurgical nerve coaptation to restore sensitivity, which lead to improved outcomes and quality of life. Nowadays Skin-sparing and nipple-sparing mastectomy, accompanied by improved implant quality, allows immediate prosthetic breast reconstruction as well as reemergence of the prepectoral implantation. The choice of breast reconstruction depends on the type of mastectomy, necessary radiation, individual risk factors, as well as the patient's habitus and wishes. Overall, recent developments in breast reconstruction led to an increase in patient satisfaction, quality of life and aesthetic outcome with oncological safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Supper
- Universitätsklinik für Plastische, Rekonstruktive und
Ästhetische Chirurgie, Medizinische Universität
Wien
| | - Lorenz Semmler
- Universitätsklinik für Plastische, Rekonstruktive und
Ästhetische Chirurgie, Medizinische Universität
Wien
| | - Eva Placheta-Györi
- Universitätsklinik für Plastische, Rekonstruktive und
Ästhetische Chirurgie, Medizinische Universität
Wien
| | - Maryana Teufelsbauer
- Universitätsklinik für Plastische, Rekonstruktive und
Ästhetische Chirurgie, Medizinische Universität
Wien
| | - Elissa Harik-Chraim
- Universitätsklinik für Plastische, Rekonstruktive und
Ästhetische Chirurgie, Medizinische Universität
Wien
| | - Christine Radtke
- Universitätsklinik für Plastische, Rekonstruktive und
Ästhetische Chirurgie, Medizinische Universität
Wien
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Park YR, Jee W, Park SM, Kim SW, Bae H, Jung JH, Kim H, Kim S, Chung JS, Jang HJ. Viscum album Induces Apoptosis by Regulating STAT3 Signaling Pathway in Breast Cancer Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11988. [PMID: 37569363 PMCID: PMC10418465 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241511988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, we investigated the potential anticancer effects of Viscum album, a parasitic plant that grows on Malus domestica (VaM) on breast cancer cells, and explored the underlying mechanisms. VaM significantly inhibited cell viability and proliferation and induced apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner. VaM also regulated cell cycle progression and effectively inhibited activation of the STAT3 signaling pathway through SHP-1. Combining VaM with low-dose doxorubicin produced a synergistic effect, highlighting its potential as a promising therapeutic. In vivo, VaM administration inhibited tumor growth and modulated key molecular markers associated with breast cancer progression. Overall, our findings provide strong evidence for the therapeutic potential of VaM in breast cancer treatment and support further studies exploring clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye-Rin Park
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 24, Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea; (Y.-R.P.); (W.J.); (S.-M.P.); (S.W.K.); (H.B.); (J.H.J.); (H.K.)
- Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Wona Jee
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 24, Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea; (Y.-R.P.); (W.J.); (S.-M.P.); (S.W.K.); (H.B.); (J.H.J.); (H.K.)
- Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - So-Mi Park
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 24, Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea; (Y.-R.P.); (W.J.); (S.-M.P.); (S.W.K.); (H.B.); (J.H.J.); (H.K.)
- Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Seok Woo Kim
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 24, Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea; (Y.-R.P.); (W.J.); (S.-M.P.); (S.W.K.); (H.B.); (J.H.J.); (H.K.)
- Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Hanbit Bae
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 24, Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea; (Y.-R.P.); (W.J.); (S.-M.P.); (S.W.K.); (H.B.); (J.H.J.); (H.K.)
- Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hoon Jung
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 24, Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea; (Y.-R.P.); (W.J.); (S.-M.P.); (S.W.K.); (H.B.); (J.H.J.); (H.K.)
- Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyungsuk Kim
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 24, Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea; (Y.-R.P.); (W.J.); (S.-M.P.); (S.W.K.); (H.B.); (J.H.J.); (H.K.)
- Department of Korean Rehabilitation Medicine, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangki Kim
- Dalim Biotech, 33 Sinpyeong-ro, Jijeong-myeon, Wonju-si 26348, Republic of Korea; (S.K.); (J.S.C.)
| | - Jong Sup Chung
- Dalim Biotech, 33 Sinpyeong-ro, Jijeong-myeon, Wonju-si 26348, Republic of Korea; (S.K.); (J.S.C.)
| | - Hyeung-Jin Jang
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 24, Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea; (Y.-R.P.); (W.J.); (S.-M.P.); (S.W.K.); (H.B.); (J.H.J.); (H.K.)
- Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
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Akhunzianov AA, Nesterova AI, Wanrooij S, Filina YV, Rizvanov AA, Miftakhova RR. Unravelling the Therapeutic Potential of Antibiotics in Hypoxia in a Breast Cancer MCF-7 Cell Line Model. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11540. [PMID: 37511298 PMCID: PMC10380719 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241411540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Antibiotics inhibit breast cancer stem cells (CSCs) by suppressing mitochondrial biogenesis. However, the effectiveness of antibiotics in clinical settings is inconsistent. This inconsistency raises the question of whether the tumor microenvironment, particularly hypoxia, plays a role in the response to antibiotics. Therefore, the goal of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of five commonly used antibiotics for inhibiting CSCs under hypoxia using an MCF-7 cell line model. We assessed the number of CSCs through the mammosphere formation assay and aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH)-bright cell count. Additionally, we examined the impact of antibiotics on the mitochondrial stress response and membrane potential. Furthermore, we analyzed the levels of proteins associated with therapeutic resistance. There was no significant difference in the number of CSCs between cells cultured under normoxic and hypoxic conditions. However, hypoxia did affect the rate of CSC inhibition by antibiotics. Specifically, azithromycin was unable to inhibit sphere formation in hypoxia. Erythromycin and doxycycline did not reduce the ratio of ALDH-bright cells, despite decreasing the number of mammospheres. Furthermore, treatment with chloramphenicol, doxycycline, and tetracycline led to the overexpression of the breast cancer resistance protein. Our findings suggest that hypoxia may weaken the inhibitory effects of antibiotics on the breast cancer model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Almaz A Akhunzianov
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, 420008 Kazan, Russia
| | - Alfiya I Nesterova
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, 420008 Kazan, Russia
- Republican Clinical Oncology Dispensary Named after Prof. M.Z. Sigal, 420029 Kazan, Russia
| | - Sjoerd Wanrooij
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, Umeå University, 907 36 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Yulia V Filina
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, 420008 Kazan, Russia
| | - Albert A Rizvanov
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, 420008 Kazan, Russia
| | - Regina R Miftakhova
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, 420008 Kazan, Russia
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18
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Liu P, Zhao Y, Rong DD, Li KF, Wang YJ, Zhao J, Kang H. Diagnostic value of preoperative examination for evaluating margin status in breast cancer. World J Clin Cases 2023; 11:4852-4864. [PMID: 37583993 PMCID: PMC10424046 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v11.i20.4852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A positive resection margin is a major risk factor for local breast cancer recurrence after breast-conserving surgery (BCS). Preoperative imaging examinations are frequently employed to assess the surgical margin. AIM To investigate the role and value of preoperative imaging examinations [magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), molybdenum target, and ultrasound] in evaluating margins for BCS. METHODS A retrospective study was conducted on 323 breast cancer patients who met the criteria for BCS and consented to the procedure from January 2014 to July 2021. The study gathered preoperative imaging data (MRI, ultrasound, and molybdenum target examination) and intraoperative and postoperative pathological information. Based on their BCS outcomes, patients were categorized into positive and negative margin groups. Subsequently, the patients were randomly split into a training set (226 patients, approximately 70%) and a validation set (97 patients, approximately 30%). The imaging and pathological information was analyzed and summarized using R software. Non-conditional logistic regression and LASSO regression were conducted in the validation set to identify factors that might influence the failure of BCS. A column chart was generated and applied to the validation set to examine the relationship between pathological margin range and prognosis. This study aims to identify the risk factors associated with failure in BCS. RESULTS The multivariate non-conditional logistic regression analysis demonstrated that various factors raise the risk of positive margins following BCS. These factors comprise non-mass enhancement (NME) on dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI, multiple focal vascular signs around the lesion on MRI, tumor size exceeding 2 cm, type III time-signal intensity curve, indistinct margins on molybdenum target examination, unclear margins on ultrasound examination, and estrogen receptor (ER) positivity in immunohistochemistry. LASSO regression was additionally employed in this study to identify four predictive factors for the model: ER, molybdenum target tumor type (MT Xmd Shape), maximum intensity projection imaging feature, and lesion type on MRI. The model constructed with these predictive factors exhibited strong consistency with the real-world scenario in both the training set and validation set. Particularly, the outcomes of the column chart model accurately predicted the likelihood of positive margins in BCS. CONCLUSION The proposed column chart model effectively predicts the success of BCS for breast cancer. The model utilizes preoperative ultrasound, molybdenum target, MRI, and core needle biopsy pathology evaluation results, all of which align with the real-world scenario. Hence, our model can offer dependable guidance for clinical decision-making concerning BCS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Center for Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China
- Department of General Surgery, Beijing Fengtai Hospital, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Ye Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, Center for Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Dong-Dong Rong
- Department of Radiology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Kai-Fu Li
- Department of General Surgery, Center for Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Ya-Jun Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Center for Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Jing Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, Center for Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Hua Kang
- Department of General Surgery, Center for Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China
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19
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Liu P, Zhao Y, Rong DD, Li KF, Wang YJ, Zhao J, Kang H. Diagnostic value of preoperative examination for evaluating margin status in breast cancer. World J Clin Cases 2023; 11:4848-4860. [DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v11.i20.4848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A positive resection margin is a major risk factor for local breast cancer recurrence after breast-conserving surgery (BCS). Preoperative imaging examinations are frequently employed to assess the surgical margin.
AIM To investigate the role and value of preoperative imaging examinations [magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), molybdenum target, and ultrasound] in evaluating margins for BCS.
METHODS A retrospective study was conducted on 323 breast cancer patients who met the criteria for BCS and consented to the procedure from January 2014 to July 2021. The study gathered preoperative imaging data (MRI, ultrasound, and molybdenum target examination) and intraoperative and postoperative pathological information. Based on their BCS outcomes, patients were categorized into positive and negative margin groups. Subsequently, the patients were randomly split into a training set (226 patients, approximately 70%) and a validation set (97 patients, approximately 30%). The imaging and pathological information was analyzed and summarized using R software. Non-conditional logistic regression and LASSO regression were conducted in the validation set to identify factors that might influence the failure of BCS. A column chart was generated and applied to the validation set to examine the relationship between pathological margin range and prognosis. This study aims to identify the risk factors associated with failure in BCS.
RESULTS The multivariate non-conditional logistic regression analysis demonstrated that various factors raise the risk of positive margins following BCS. These factors comprise non-mass enhancement (NME) on dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI, multiple focal vascular signs around the lesion on MRI, tumor size exceeding 2 cm, type III time-signal intensity curve, indistinct margins on molybdenum target examination, unclear margins on ultrasound examination, and estrogen receptor (ER) positivity in immunohistochemistry. LASSO regression was additionally employed in this study to identify four predictive factors for the model: ER, molybdenum target tumor type (MT Xmd Shape), maximum intensity projection imaging feature, and lesion type on MRI. The model constructed with these predictive factors exhibited strong consistency with the real-world scenario in both the training set and validation set. Particularly, the outcomes of the column chart model accurately predicted the likelihood of positive margins in BCS.
CONCLUSION The proposed column chart model effectively predicts the success of BCS for breast cancer. The model utilizes preoperative ultrasound, molybdenum target, MRI, and core needle biopsy pathology evaluation results, all of which align with the real-world scenario. Hence, our model can offer dependable guidance for clinical decision-making concerning BCS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Center for Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China
- Department of General Surgery, Beijing Fengtai Hospital, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Ye Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, Center for Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Dong-Dong Rong
- Department of Radiology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Kai-Fu Li
- Department of General Surgery, Center for Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Ya-Jun Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Center for Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Jing Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, Center for Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Hua Kang
- Department of General Surgery, Center for Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China
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Donohue JF, Elborn JS, Lansberg P, Javed A, Tesfaye S, Rugo H, Duddi SRD, Jithoo N, Huang PH, Subramaniam K, Ramanjinappa N, Koltun A, Melamed S, Chan JCN. Bridging the "Know-Do" Gaps in Five Non-Communicable Diseases Using a Common Framework Driven by Implementation Science. J Healthc Leadersh 2023; 15:103-119. [PMID: 37416849 PMCID: PMC10320809 DOI: 10.2147/jhl.s394088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023] Open
Abstract
According to the United Nations High-Level Meeting 2018, five non-communicable diseases (NCDs) including cardiovascular diseases, chronic respiratory diseases, diabetes mellitus, cancer, and mental health conditions accounted for two-thirds of global deaths. These five NCDs share five common risk factors including tobacco use, unhealthy diets, physical inactivity, alcohol use, and air pollution. Low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) face larger burden of NCDs than high-income countries (HICs), due to differences in ecological, technological, socioeconomic and health system development. Based on high-level evidence albeit mainly from HICs, the burden caused by NCDs can be reduced by affordable medicines and best practices. However, "know-do" gaps, ie, gaps between what we know in science and what we do in practice, has limited the impact of these strategies, especially in LMICs. Implementation science advocates the use of robust methodologies to evaluate sustainable solutions in health, education and social care aimed at informing practice and policies. In this article, physician researchers with expertise in NCDs reviewed the common challenges shared by these five NCDs with different clinical courses. They explained the principles of implementation science and advocated the use of an evidence-based framework to implement solutions focusing on early detection, prevention and empowerment, supplemented by best practices in HICs and LMICs. These successful stories can be used to motivate policymakers, payors, providers, patients and public to co-design frameworks and implement context-relevant, multi-component, evidence-based practices. In pursuit of this goal, we propose partnership, leadership, and access to continuing care as the three pillars in developing roadmaps for addressing the multiple needs during the journey of a person with or at risk of these five NCDs. By transforming the ecosystem, raising awareness and aligning context-relevant practices and policies with ongoing evaluation, it is possible to make healthcare accessible, affordable and sustainable to reduce the burden of these five NCDs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Afzal Javed
- Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Warwick, UK & Pakistan Psychiatric Research Centre, Coventry, UK
| | - Solomon Tesfaye
- Sheffield Teaching Hospitals and the University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Hope Rugo
- University of California San Francisco Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Sita Ratna Devi Duddi
- International Alliance of Patients’ Organisations, London, United Kingdom
- DakshamA Health and Education, Delhi, India
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Juliana C N Chan
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Hong Kong Institute of Diabetes and Obesity, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, Special Administrative Regions of the People’s Republic of China
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Wang H, Liu Q, Zhang M, Zhang J, Ran R, Ma Y, Yang J, Wang F, He S, Zhao X, Wang L, Zhang L, Dong D, Yang J. Real-world data of pyrotinib-based therapy for patients with brain metastases of HER2-positive advanced breast cancer: a single-center retrospective analysis and molecular portraits. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1105474. [PMID: 37397372 PMCID: PMC10313114 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1105474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Pyrotinib is a novel irreversible pan-HER tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI). However, real-world data of pyrotinib-containing therapy in human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-positive metastatic breast cancer (MBC) and developing brain metastases (BMs) are limited, and the genomic profile of this subpopulation is almost undefined. Methods and materials Patients with BM of HER2-positive MBC (n = 35) treated with pyrotinib-containing therapy were enrolled in this analysis. Progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), objective response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR), and toxicity profiles were evaluated. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for disease progression were estimated using the Cox proportional hazards models. Targeted next-generation sequencing of 618 cancer-relevant genes was performed on plasma and primary breast tumors from patients with BM and without BM. Results The median PFS time was 8.00 (95% CI, 5.98-10.017) months, and the median OS time was 23 (95% CI, 10.412-35.588) months. The ORR was 45.7%, and the DCR was 74.3%. In the Cox multivariate analysis, prior exposure to brain radiotherapy (HR = 3.268), received pyrotinib as third- or higher-line treatment (HR = 4.949), subtentorial brain metastasis (HR = 6.222), and both supratentorial and subtentorial brain metastases (HR = 5.863) were independently associated with increased risk of progression. The frequent grade 3-4 adverse event was increased direct bilirubin (14.3%), and two patients suffered from grade 3-4 diarrhea. In the exploratory genomic analysis, altered frequencies of FGFR3, CD276, CDC73, and EPHX1 were higher in the BM group. The consistency of mutated profiles of plasma and primary lesion in the BM group was significantly lower (30.4% vs. 65.5%; p = 0.0038). Conclusions Pyrotinib-containing therapy shows favorable effectiveness and tolerable safety in patients with BM of HER2-positive MBC, particularly in a population that is brain radiotherapy-naïve, received pyrotinib as first- or second-line treatment, and developed supratentorial brain metastasis. In the exploratory genomic analysis, patients with BM showed distinct genomic features from patients without BM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Wang
- Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Qiaoyan Liu
- Department of Oncology, Xi’an Ninth Hospital, Xi’an, China
| | - Mi Zhang
- Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Juan Zhang
- Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Ran Ran
- Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Yingying Ma
- Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Jiao Yang
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Fan Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Shujuan He
- Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Xiaoai Zhao
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Le Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Lingxiao Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Danfeng Dong
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Jin Yang
- Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
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22
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Clauser P, Rasul S, Kapetas P, Fueger BJ, Milos RI, Balber T, Berroterán-Infante N, Hacker M, Helbich TH, Baltzer PAT. Prospective validation of 18F-Fluoroethylcholine as a tracer in PET/MRI for the evaluation of breast lesions and prediction of lymph node status. LA RADIOLOGIA MEDICA 2023:10.1007/s11547-023-01633-6. [PMID: 37221356 DOI: 10.1007/s11547-023-01633-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To assess 18F-Fluoroethylcholine (18F-FEC) as a PET/MRI tracer in the evaluation of breast lesions, breast cancer aggressiveness, and prediction of lymph node status. MATERIALS AND METHODS This prospective, monocentric study was approved by the ethics committee and patients gave written, informed consent. This clinical trial was registered in the EudraCT database (Number 2017-003089-29). Women who presented with suspicious breast lesions were included. Histopathology was used as reference standard. Simultaneous 18F-FEC PET/MRI of the breast was performed in a prone position with a dedicated breast coil. MRI was performed using a standard protocol before and after contrast agent administration. A simultaneous read by nuclear medicine physicians and radiologists collected the imaging data of MRI-detected lesions, including the maximum standardized 18F-FEC-uptake value of breast lesions (SUVmaxT) and axillary lymph nodes (SUVmaxLN). Differences in SUVmax were evaluated with the Mann-Whitney U test. To calculate diagnostic performance, the area under the receiver operating characteristics curve (ROC) was used. RESULTS There were 101 patients (mean age 52.3 years, standard deviation 12.0) with 117 breast lesions included (30 benign, 7 ductal carcinomas in situ, 80 invasive carcinomas). 18F-FEC was well tolerated by all patients. The ROC to distinguish benign from malignant breast lesions was 0.846. SUVmaxT was higher if lesions were malignant (p < 0.001), had a higher proliferation rate (p = 0.011), and were HER2-positive (p = 0.041). SUVmaxLN was higher in metastatic lymph nodes, with an ROC of 0.761 for SUVmaxT and of 0.793 for SUVmaxLN. CONCLUSION: Simultaneous 18F-FEC PET/MRI is safe and has the potential to be used for the evaluation of breast cancer aggressiveness, and prediction of lymph node status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Clauser
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy, Division of General and Pediatric Radiology, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Sazan Rasul
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy, Division of Nuclear Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Panagiotis Kapetas
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy, Division of General and Pediatric Radiology, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Barbara J Fueger
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy, Division of General and Pediatric Radiology, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ruxandra-Iulia Milos
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy, Division of General and Pediatric Radiology, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Theresa Balber
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy, Division of Nuclear Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Neydher Berroterán-Infante
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy, Division of Nuclear Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Marcus Hacker
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy, Division of Nuclear Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas Hans Helbich
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy, Division of General and Pediatric Radiology, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy, Division of Molecular and Structural Preclinical Imaging, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Pascal Andreas Thomas Baltzer
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy, Division of General and Pediatric Radiology, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria.
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Zhang J, Sun J, Li C, Qiao H, Hussain Z. Functionalization of curcumin nanomedicines: a recent promising adaptation to maximize pharmacokinetic profile, specific cell internalization and anticancer efficacy against breast cancer. J Nanobiotechnology 2023; 21:106. [PMID: 36964547 PMCID: PMC10039588 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-023-01854-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Owing to its diverse heterogeneity, aggressive nature, enormous metastatic potential, and high remission rate, the breast cancer (BC) is among the most prevalent types of cancer associated with high mortality. Curcumin (Cur) is a potent phytoconstituent that has gained remarkable recognition due to exceptional biomedical viability against a wide range of ailments including the BC. Despite exhibiting a strong anticancer potential, the clinical translation of Cur is restricted due to intrinsic physicochemical properties such as low aqueous solubility, chemical instability, low bioavailability, and short plasma half-life. To overcome these shortcomings, nanotechnology-aided developments have been extensively deployed. The implication of nanotechnology has pointedly improved the physicochemical properties, pharmacokinetic profile, cell internalization, and anticancer efficacy of Cur; however, majority of Cur-nanomedicines are still facing grandeur challenges. The advent of various functionalization strategies such as PEGylation, surface decoration with different moieties, stimuli-responsiveness (i.e., pH, light, temperature, heat, etc.), tethering of specific targeting ligand(s) based on the biochemical targets (e.g., folic acid receptors, transferrin receptors, CD44, etc.), and multifunctionalization (multiple functionalities) has revolutionized the fate of Cur-nanomedicines. This study ponders the biomedical significance of various Cur-nanomedicines and adaptable functionalizations for amplifying the physicochemical properties, cytotoxicity via induction of apoptosis, cell internalization, bioavailability, passive and active targeting to the tumor microenvironment (TME), and anticancer efficacy of the Cur while reversing the multidrug resistance (MDR) and reoccurrence in BC. Nevertheless, the therapeutic outcomes of Cur-nanomedicines against the BC have been remarkably improved after adaptation of various functionalizations; however, this evolving strategy still demands extensive research for scalable clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinku Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Baoding First Central Hospital, Baoding, 071000, Hebei, China.
| | - Jirui Sun
- Department of Pathology, Baoding First Central Hospital, Baoding, 071000, Hebei, China
| | - Chong Li
- Core Facility for Protein Research, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Haizhi Qiao
- Department of Pathology, Baoding First Central Hospital, Baoding, 071000, Hebei, China
| | - Zahid Hussain
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
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24
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Tomasik B, Bieńkowski M, Górska Z, Gutowska K, Kumięga P, Jassem J, Duchnowska R. Molecular aspects of brain metastases in breast cancer. Cancer Treat Rev 2023; 114:102521. [PMID: 36736124 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctrv.2023.102521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Brain metastases (BM) are a common and devastating manifestation of breast cancer (BC). BM are particularly frequent in the HER2-positive and triple-negative breast cancer phenotypes and usually occur following the metastatic spread to extracranial sites. Several genes mediating BM and biomarkers predicting their risk in BC have been reported in the past decade. These findings have advanced the understanding of BM pathobiology and paved the way for developing new therapeutic strategies but they still warrant a thorough clinical validation. Hence, a better understanding of the mechanistic aspects of BM and delineating the interactions of tumor cells with the brain microenvironment are of utmost importance. This review discusses the molecular basis of the metastatic cascade: the epithelial-mesenchymal transition, cancer, and tumor microenvironment interaction and intravasation, priming of the metastatic niche in the brain, and survival in the new site. We also outline the postulated mechanisms of BC cells' brain tropism. Finally, we discuss advances in the field of biomarkers (both tissue-based and liquid-based) that predict BM from BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bartłomiej Tomasik
- Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy, Medical University of Gdańsk, 17 Smoluchowskiego St., 80-214 Gdansk, Poland.
| | - Michał Bieńkowski
- Department of Pathology, Medical University of Gdańsk, 17 Smoluchowskiego St., 80-214 Gdańsk, Poland.
| | - Zuzanna Górska
- Department of Oncology, Military Institute of Medicine, 128 Szaserów St., 04-141 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Klaudia Gutowska
- Department of Internal Diseases and Endocrinology, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland; Doctoral School, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Paulina Kumięga
- Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Jacek Jassem
- Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy, Medical University of Gdańsk, 17 Smoluchowskiego St., 80-214 Gdansk, Poland.
| | - Renata Duchnowska
- Department of Oncology, Military Institute of Medicine, 128 Szaserów St., 04-141 Warsaw, Poland.
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25
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Chatterjee I, Ali K, Panda G. A Synthetic Overview of Benzoxazines and Benzoxazepines as Anticancer Agents. ChemMedChem 2023; 18:e202200617. [PMID: 36598081 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202200617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Benzoxazines and benzoxazepines are nitrogen and oxygen-containing six and seven-membered benzo-fused heterocyclic scaffolds, respectively. Benzoxazepines and benzoxazines are well-known pharmacophores in pharmaceutical chemistry, which are of significant interest and have been extensively studied because of their promising activity against various diseases including their wide range of anticancer activity. Several reports are known for synthesizing benzoxazine and benzoxazepine-based compounds in the literature. Herein this review provides a critical analysis of synthetic strategies towards benzoxazines and benzoxazepines along with various ranges of anticancer activities based on these molecules that have been reported from 2010 onwards. This review also focuses on the structure-activity relationship of the benzoxazine and benzoxazepine scaffolds containing bioactive compounds and describes how the structural modification affects their anticancer activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Indranil Chatterjee
- Medicinal and Process Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute Sector-10, Jankipuram Extension, Lucknow, 226031, India
| | - Kasim Ali
- Medicinal and Process Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute Sector-10, Jankipuram Extension, Lucknow, 226031, India.,AcSIR-Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201002, India
| | - Gautam Panda
- Medicinal and Process Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute Sector-10, Jankipuram Extension, Lucknow, 226031, India.,AcSIR-Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201002, India
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Brindisi M, Frattaruolo L, Fiorillo M, Dolce V, Sotgia F, Lisanti MP, Cappello AR. New insights into cholesterol-mediated ERRα activation in breast cancer progression and pro-tumoral microenvironment orchestration. FEBS J 2023; 290:1481-1501. [PMID: 36237175 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer remains the greatest cause of cancer-related death in women worldwide. Its aggressiveness and progression derive from intricate processes that occur simultaneously both within the tumour itself and in the neighbouring cells that make up its microenvironment. The aim of the present work was firstly to study how elevated cholesterol levels increase tumour aggressiveness. Herein, we demonstrate that cholesterol, by activating ERRα pathway, promotes epithelium-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in breast cancer cells (MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231) as well as the release of pro-inflammatory factors able to orchestrate the tumour microenvironment. A further objective of this work was to study the close symbiosis between tumour cells and the microenvironment. Our results allow us to highlight, for the first time, that breast cancer cells exposed to high cholesterol levels promote (a) greater macrophages infiltration with induction of an M2 phenotype, (b) angiogenesis and endothelial branching, as well as (c) a cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) phenotype. The effects observed could be due to direct activation of the ERRα pathway by high cholesterol levels, since the simultaneous inhibition of this pathway subverts such effects. Overall, these findings enable us to identify the cholesterol-ERRα synergy as an interesting target for breast cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Brindisi
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende, Italy
- Cell Adhesion Unit, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Luca Frattaruolo
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende, Italy
| | - Marco Fiorillo
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende, Italy
- Translational Medicine, School of Science, Engineering and the Environment (SEE), University of Salford, Greater Manchester, UK
| | - Vincenza Dolce
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende, Italy
| | - Federica Sotgia
- Translational Medicine, School of Science, Engineering and the Environment (SEE), University of Salford, Greater Manchester, UK
| | - Michael P Lisanti
- Translational Medicine, School of Science, Engineering and the Environment (SEE), University of Salford, Greater Manchester, UK
| | - Anna Rita Cappello
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende, Italy
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Tsering Dongsar T, Sonam Dongsar T, Abourehab MA, Gupta N, Kesharwani P. Emerging application of magnetic nanoparticles for breast cancer therapy. Eur Polym J 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2023.111898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
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28
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PLA2G7/PAF-AH as Potential Negative Regulator of the Wnt Signaling Pathway Mediates Protective Effects in BRCA1 Mutant Breast Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24010882. [PMID: 36614323 PMCID: PMC9821466 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Past studies have confirmed that aberrant activation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling is associated with tumorigenesis and metastasis in breast cancer, while the role of platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase (PLA2G7/PAF-AH) in this signaling pathway remains unclear. In this study, we analyze the functional impact of PAF-AH on BRCA1 mutant breast cancer and explore its relationship to the Wnt signaling pathway. By performing immunohistochemistry, PAF-AH expression and β-catenin expression were examined in both BRCA1 WT and BRCA1 mutant breast cancer specimens. The BRCA1 mutant breast cancer cell line HCC1937 was used for in vitro experiments to assess the impact of PAF-AH on cellular functions. The intracellular distribution of β-catenin depending on PLA2G7/PAF-AH expression was investigated by immunocytochemistry. Significantly higher nuclear expression levels of PAF-AH were found in BRCA1 mutant tissue specimens than in BRCA1 WT samples. Cell viability, proliferation, and the motility rate of HCC1937 were significantly enhanced after PLA2G7 silencing, which indicated a protective role of PAF-AH in breast cancer. Nuclear PAF-AH expressed correlatedly with membranous β-catenin. PLA2G7 silencing provoked the β-catenin translocation from the membrane to the nucleus and activated Wnt signaling downstream genes. Our data showed a protective effect of high PAF-AH expression in BRCA1 mutant breast cancer. PAF-AH may achieve its protective effect by negatively regulating the Wnt pathway. In conclusion, our research sheds new light on the regulatory pathways in BRCA1 mutant breast cancer.
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29
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Breast cancer patient-derived whole-tumor cell culture model for efficient drug profiling and treatment response prediction. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2209856120. [PMID: 36574653 PMCID: PMC9910599 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2209856120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is a complex disease comprising multiple distinct subtypes with different genetic features and pathological characteristics. Although a large number of antineoplastic compounds have been approved for clinical use, patient-to-patient variability in drug response is frequently observed, highlighting the need for efficient treatment prediction for individualized therapy. Several patient-derived models have been established lately for the prediction of drug response. However, each of these models has its limitations that impede their clinical application. Here, we report that the whole-tumor cell culture (WTC) ex vivo model could be stably established from all breast tumors with a high success rate (98 out of 116), and it could reassemble the parental tumors with the endogenous microenvironment. We observed strong clinical associations and predictive values from the investigation of a broad range of BC therapies with WTCs derived from a patient cohort. The accuracy was further supported by the correlation between WTC-based test results and patients' clinical responses in a separate validation study, where the neoadjuvant treatment regimens of 15 BC patients were mimicked. Collectively, the WTC model allows us to accomplish personalized drug testing within 10 d, even for small-sized tumors, highlighting its potential for individualized BC therapy. Furthermore, coupled with genomic and transcriptomic analyses, WTC-based testing can also help to stratify specific patient groups for assignment into appropriate clinical trials, as well as validate potential biomarkers during drug development.
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30
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Potter S, Fairhurst K, Cowan K, Vincent S, Lewis I, Cutress RI, Stobart H, Fairbrother P, Turner S, Davies-Crowley K, Jeevan R, Rattay T, O'Connell R, Bundred N, McIntosh SA. Identifying research priorities in breast cancer surgery: a UK priority setting partnership with the James Lind Alliance. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2023; 197:39-49. [PMID: 36319906 PMCID: PMC9628302 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-022-06756-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE A James Lind Alliance priority setting partnership was developed to identify research priorities in breast cancer surgery from individuals with lived experience, at high genetic risk of breast cancer, and healthcare professionals (HCPs). METHODS 'Uncertainties' were collected using an online survey. Following an evidence check and development of summary questions, an interim survey asked participants to rank their top 10 research priorities from the question list. Top-ranked questions from patient/carer, high-risk and professional groups were carried forward for discussion to a final online prioritisation workshop. RESULTS 260 participants (101 patients/carers, 156 HCPs) submitted 940 uncertainties via the initial survey. These were analysed thematically into 128 summary questions in six topic areas. Following evidence checking, 59 questions were included in the interim survey which was completed by 572 respondents. Marked differences were seen in questions prioritised by patients/carers, HCPs and women at high-risk. The top eight priorities in patient/carer and professional groups and top two priorities for high-risk women were carried forward to the online workshop at which 22 participants discussed and agreed the final top 10. Key themes included de-escalation of breast and axillary surgery, factors impacting the development/detection of locoregional recurrence and optimal provision of support for informed treatment decision-making. CONCLUSION The top 10 research priorities in breast cancer surgery have been agreed. However, the observed differences in research priorities identified by patients and professional groups were not anticipated. Top priorities from both groups should inform future UK breast cancer surgical research, to ensure that it addresses questions that are important to breast cancer community as a whole.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shelley Potter
- Bristol Medical School, Bristol, BS10 5NB, UK.
- Bristol Breast Care Centre, North Bristol NHS Trust, Southmead Hospital, Southmead Road, Bristol, BS10 5NB, UK.
| | - Katherine Fairhurst
- Bristol Medical School, Bristol, BS10 5NB, UK
- Bristol Breast Care Centre, North Bristol NHS Trust, Southmead Hospital, Southmead Road, Bristol, BS10 5NB, UK
| | - Katherine Cowan
- James Lind Alliance, Southampton, UK
- Katherine Cowan Consulting Limited, St Leonards-On-Sea, UK
| | | | - Ian Lewis
- National Cancer Research Institute, 2 Redman Place, London, E20 1JQ, UK
| | - Ramsey I Cutress
- University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton, Somers Building, Tremona Road, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK
| | | | | | - Sophia Turner
- Trustee, Independent Cancer Patients Voice, London, UK
| | | | | | - Tim Rattay
- Leicester Cancer Research Centre, Department of Genetics and Genome Biology, Clinical Sciences Building, University of Leicester, Leicester, LE1 7RH, UK
| | - Rachel O'Connell
- Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, Downs Road, Sutton, Surrey, SM2 5PT, UK
| | - Nigel Bundred
- University Hospitals South Manchester, Manchester, UK
- Division of Cancer Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Stuart A McIntosh
- Centre for Cancer Research, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast, BT9 7AE, UK.
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Patino-Hernandez D, Fernández-Ávila DG, Mauricio Muñoz-Velandia Ó, Del Socorro Moreno Luna I. Quality assessment of breast cancer studies conducted with the Delphi technique. Breast Dis 2023; 42:155-161. [PMID: 37154176 DOI: 10.3233/bd-220079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Delphi technique is a consensus method aiming to obtain statistical estimations from a qualitative approach, through an iterative process that leads to consensus within experts. The main characteristics of the technique include iteration, anonymity, feedback, and consensus reaching. When high-quality, quantitative evidence on a particular topic is insufficient, the Delphi technique can be used for making decisions in clinical scenarios. However, the quality of studies on breast cancer conducted with this technique, has not been assessed. OBJECTIVE We aim to evaluate the quality of studies on breast cancer which used the Delphi technique as their method. METHODS A quality assessment tool (Quali-D) was created through consensus among experts on the Delphi technique. Then, the tool was applied to studies on breast cancer which used the Delphi technique as their method. RESULTS Studies conducted through the Delphi technique mainly assessed for quality indicators and expressed needs in patients with breast cancer. High-quality characteristics were reported in 63.89% of the studies. 98.61% used the Delphi technique due to lack of a more adequate method to solve their research question. 98.61% summarized and presented results in a clear way. In 91.67% of the studies, at least two rounds were conducted. 86.11% described the methods for expert selection in a complete manner. Only 54.17% of the studies reported an anonymous process and 4.17% of the studies disclosed conflicts of interest thoroughly. CONCLUSIONS A variety of topics were assessed through the Delphi technique in cases where no other technique would have been more appropriate for assessing these issues. Significant limitations are present in terms of anonymity and full disclosure of conflicts of interest. We found that the quality of studies conducted with the Delphi technique regarding breast cancer is overall good. However, the limitations of each study must be considered when applying their results to clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Patino-Hernandez
- Internal Medicine Department, Hospital Universitario San Ignacio. Medical School, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogota, Colombia
| | - Daniel G Fernández-Ávila
- Rheumatology Unit, Internal Medicine Department, Hospital Universitario San Ignacio. Medical School, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogota, Colombia
| | - Óscar Mauricio Muñoz-Velandia
- Internal Medicine Department, Hospital Universitario San Ignacio. Medical School, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogota, Colombia
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Kafle U, Agrawal S, Dash AK. Injectable Nano Drug Delivery Systems for the Treatment of Breast Cancer. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:2783. [PMID: 36559276 PMCID: PMC9785637 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14122783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most diagnosed type of cancer, with 2.26 million cases and 685,000 deaths recorded in 2020. If left untreated, this deadly disease can metastasize to distant organs, which is the reason behind its incurability and related deaths. Currently, conventional therapies are used to treat breast cancer, but they have numerous shortcomings such as low bioavailability, short circulation time, and off-target toxicity. To address these challenges, nanomedicines are preferred and are being extensively investigated for breast cancer treatment. Nanomedicines are novel drug delivery systems that can improve drug stability, aqueous solubility, blood circulation time, controlled release, and targeted delivery at the tumoral site and enhance therapeutic safety and effectiveness. Nanoparticles (NPs) can be administered through different routes. Although the injectable route is less preferred than the oral route for drug administration, it has its advantages: it helps tailor drugs with targeted moiety, boosts payload, avoids first-pass metabolism, and improves the pharmacokinetic parameters of the active pharmaceutical ingredients. Targeted delivery of nanomedicine, closer to organelles such as the mitochondria and nuclei in breast cancer, reduces the dosage requirements and the toxic effects of chemotherapeutics. This review aims to provide the current status of the recent advances in various injectable nanomedicines for targeted treatment of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Urmila Kafle
- Department of Pharmacy Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Health Professions, Creighton University, 2500 California Plaza, Omaha, NE 68178, USA
| | - Satish Agrawal
- Department of Pharmacy Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Health Professions, Creighton University, 2500 California Plaza, Omaha, NE 68178, USA
| | - Alekha K Dash
- Department of Pharmacy Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Health Professions, Creighton University, 2500 California Plaza, Omaha, NE 68178, USA
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Cytotoxic Potential of Bioactive Compounds from Aspergillus flavus, an Endophytic Fungus Isolated from Cynodon dactylon, against Breast Cancer: Experimental and Computational Approach. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27248814. [PMID: 36557944 PMCID: PMC9784115 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27248814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Endophytic fungi are a diverse group of microorganisms that colonize the inter- or intracellular spaces of plants and exhibit mutual benefits. Their interactions with the host plant and other microbiomes are multidimensional and play a crucial role in the production of secondary metabolites. We screened bioactive compounds present in the extracts of Aspergillus flavus, an endophytic fungus isolated from the roots of the medicinal grass Cynodon dactylon, for its anticancer potential. An in vitro analysis of the Ethyl acetate extract from A. flavus showed significant cytostatic effects (IC50: 16.25 μg/mL) against breast cancer cells (MCF-7). A morphological analysis of the cells and a flow cytometry of the cells with annexin V/Propidium Iodide suggested that the extract induced apoptosis in the MCF-7 cells. The extract of A. flavus increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and caused a loss of mitochondrial membrane potential in MCF-7 cells. To identify the metabolites that might be responsible for the anticancer effect, the extract was subjected to a gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis. Interestingly, nine phytochemicals that induced cytotoxicity in the breast cancer cell line were found in the extract. The in silico molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation studies revealed that two compounds, 2,4,7-trinitrofluorenone and 3α, 5 α-cyclo-ergosta-7,9(11), 22t-triene-6beta-ol exhibited significant binding affinities (-9.20, and -9.50 Kcal/mol, respectively) against Bcl-2, along with binding stability and intermolecular interactions of its ligand-Bcl-2 complexes. Overall, the study found that the endophytic A. flavus from C. dactylon contains plant-like bioactive compounds that have a promising effect in breast cancer.
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Schneider N, Reed E, Kamel F, Ferrari E, Soloviev M. Rational Approach to Finding Genes Encoding Molecular Biomarkers: Focus on Breast Cancer. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13091538. [PMID: 36140706 PMCID: PMC9498645 DOI: 10.3390/genes13091538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Early detection of cancer facilitates treatment and improves patient survival. We hypothesized that molecular biomarkers of cancer could be rationally predicted based on even partial knowledge of transcriptional regulation, functional pathways and gene co-expression networks. To test our data mining approach, we focused on breast cancer, as one of the best-studied models of this disease. We were particularly interested to check whether such a ‘guilt by association’ approach would lead to pan-cancer markers generally known in the field or whether molecular subtype-specific ‘seed’ markers will yield subtype-specific extended sets of breast cancer markers. The key challenge of this investigation was to utilize a small number of well-characterized, largely intracellular, breast cancer-related proteins to uncover similarly regulated and functionally related genes and proteins with the view to predicting a much-expanded range of disease markers, especially that of extracellular molecular markers, potentially suitable for the early non-invasive detection of the disease. We selected 23 previously characterized proteins specific to three major molecular subtypes of breast cancer and analyzed their established transcription factor networks, their known metabolic and functional pathways and the existing experimentally derived protein co-expression data. Having started with largely intracellular and transmembrane marker ‘seeds’ we predicted the existence of as many as 150 novel biomarker genes to be associated with the selected three major molecular sub-types of breast cancer all coding for extracellularly targeted or secreted proteins and therefore being potentially most suitable for molecular diagnosis of the disease. Of the 150 such predicted protein markers, 114 were predicted to be linked through the combination of regulatory networks to basal breast cancer, 48 to luminal and 7 to Her2-positive breast cancer. The reported approach to mining molecular markers is not limited to breast cancer and therefore offers a widely applicable strategy of biomarker mining.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie Schneider
- Department of Biological Sciences, Royal Holloway University of London, Egham, Surrey TW20 0EX, UK
| | - Ellen Reed
- Department of Biological Sciences, Royal Holloway University of London, Egham, Surrey TW20 0EX, UK
| | - Faddy Kamel
- Department of Biological Sciences, Royal Holloway University of London, Egham, Surrey TW20 0EX, UK
| | - Enrico Ferrari
- School of Life Sciences, University of Lincoln, Lincoln LN6 7TS, UK
| | - Mikhail Soloviev
- Department of Biological Sciences, Royal Holloway University of London, Egham, Surrey TW20 0EX, UK
- Correspondence:
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35
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The potential of predictive and prognostic breast MRI (P2-bMRI). Eur Radiol Exp 2022; 6:42. [PMID: 35989400 PMCID: PMC9393116 DOI: 10.1186/s41747-022-00291-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is an important part of breast cancer diagnosis and multimodal workup. It provides unsurpassed soft tissue contrast to analyse the underlying pathophysiology, and it is adopted for a variety of clinical indications. Predictive and prognostic breast MRI (P2-bMRI) is an emerging application next to these indications. The general objective of P2-bMRI is to provide predictive and/or prognostic biomarkers in order to support personalisation of breast cancer treatment. We believe P2-bMRI has a great clinical potential, thanks to the in vivo examination of the whole tumour and of the surrounding tissue, establishing a link between pathophysiology and response to therapy (prediction) as well as patient outcome (prognostication). The tools used for P2-bMRI cover a wide spectrum: standard and advanced multiparametric pulse sequences; structured reporting criteria (for instance BI-RADS descriptors); artificial intelligence methods, including machine learning (with emphasis on radiomics data analysis); and deep learning that have shown compelling potential for this purpose. P2-bMRI reuses the imaging data of examinations performed in the current practice. Accordingly, P2-bMRI could optimise clinical workflow, enabling cost savings and ultimately improving personalisation of treatment. This review introduces the concept of P2-bMRI, focusing on the clinical application of P2-bMRI by using semantic criteria.
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ALTUNAL Ç, ŞAHİNER İT. The relationship of breast cancer deaths with age groups and urbanization of the population: a multi-country analysis. JOURNAL OF HEALTH SCIENCES AND MEDICINE 2022. [DOI: 10.32322/jhsm.1087030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: In this retrospective observational study, it was aimed to evaluate the relationship between breast cancer deaths and demographic properties of countries.
Material and Method: The research was conducted on World Health Organization (WHO) 10th International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10) mortality list and World Bank Country Reports (WBCR). Total breast cancer-related deaths, age groups and urban population rates of 14 countries between 1996 and 2017 were evaluated.
Results: Both uncontrolled and controlled correlation analysis results showed that population age distribution had a significant correlation with total breast cancer-related deaths (p0.05). Generalized Linear Model (GLM) results showed that only the country had a significant effect on total breast cancer related deaths (p0.05).
Conclusion: Although reasons such as age and urbanization play an important role among breast cancer risk factors, it is found that they do not affect mortality rates. A total of 22 years of WHO data and 14 country results showed that deaths due to breast cancer are only related to the country. Therefore, countries can minimize deaths due to breast cancer by carrying out more effective struggles, early diagnosis, treatment and awareness activities.
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Baltzer PAT. The Role of Diffusion-weighted Imaging in Biopsy-proven Ductal Carcinoma in Situ. Radiology 2022; 305:317-318. [PMID: 35787207 DOI: 10.1148/radiol.221329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pascal A T Baltzer
- From the Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Interventions, Allgemeines Krankenhaus, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria
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38
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Cioce M, Sacconi A, Donzelli S, Bonomo C, Perracchio L, Carosi M, Telera S, Fazio VM, Botti C, Strano S, Blandino G. Breast cancer metastasis: is it a matter of OMICS and proper ex-vivo models? Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2022; 20:4003-4008. [PMID: 35983233 PMCID: PMC9355905 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2022.07.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Genomics has greatly increased the understanding of the study of breast cancer (BC) and has shaped the concept of intra-tumor heterogeneity, currently recognized as a propelling force for cancer progression. In this context, knowledge and understanding of metastatic breast cancer (mBC) has somehow lagged behind that of primary breast cancer. This may be explained by the relative scarcity of matched mBC samples, however it is possible that the mutation spectrum obtained from primary BC does not capture the full complexity of the metastatic disease. Here, we provide a few examples supporting this possibility, from public databases. We evoke the need to perform an integrated multi-OMICS characterization of mBC, to obtain a broad understanding of this complex disease, whose evolution cannot be explained solely by genomics. Pertinent to this, we suggest that rather an infrequent use of Patient-Derived –Tumor-Organoids (PDTOs) may be influenced by assuming that the metastatic conditions of PDTOs growth (mPDTOs) should be similar to those of the tissue of origin. We challenge this view by suggesting that the use of “target-organ inspired” growth conditions for mPDTOs, may better fit the emerging knowledge of metastatic disease. Thus, the integrated use of multi-OMICS and of clinically relevant mPDTOs may allow a further understanding of such disease and foster therapeutically relevant advances. We believe that our points may be valid for other solid cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Cioce
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotechnology, University Campus Bio-Medico of Rome, Rome, Italy
- Institute of Translational Pharmacology, National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Sacconi
- Clinical Trial Center, Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Sara Donzelli
- Translational Oncology Research Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Claudia Bonomo
- Department of Pathology, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Letizia Perracchio
- Department of Pathology, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Mariantonia Carosi
- Department of Pathology, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Stefano Telera
- Neurosurgery Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Vito Michele Fazio
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotechnology, University Campus Bio-Medico of Rome, Rome, Italy
- Institute of Translational Pharmacology, National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Rome, Italy
- Laboratory of Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Claudio Botti
- Breast Surgery Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Sabrina Strano
- SAFU Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni Blandino
- Translational Oncology Research Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
- Corresponding author at: Translational Oncology Research UnitItalian National Cancer Institute Regina Elena Rome, Italy.
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Luangwattananun P, Chiraphapphaiboon W, Thuwajit C, Junking M, Yenchitsomanus PT. Activation of cytotoxic T lymphocytes by self-differentiated myeloid-derived dendritic cells for killing breast cancer cells expressing folate receptor alpha protein. Bioengineered 2022; 13:14188-14203. [PMID: 35734827 PMCID: PMC9342379 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2022.2084262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Adoptive cell transfer (ACT) is a promising approach for cancer treatment. Activation of T lymphocytes by self-differentiated myeloid-derived antigen-presenting-cells reactive against tumor (SmartDC) resulted in specific anti-cancer function. Folate receptor alpha (FRα) is highly expressed in breast cancer (BC) cells and thus potential to be a target antigen for ACT. To explore the SmartDC technology for treatment of BC, we create SmartDC expressing FRα antigen (SmartDC-FRα) for activation of FRα-specific T lymphocytes. Human primary monocytes were transduced with lentiviruses containing tri-cistronic complementary DNA sequences encoding granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), interleukin-4 (IL-4), and FRα to generate SmartDC-FRα. Autologous T lymphocytes were activated by SmartDC-FRα by coculture. The activated T lymphocytes exhibited enhanced cytotoxicity against FRα-expressing BC cell cultures. Up to 84.9 ± 6.2% of MDA-MB-231 and 89.7 ± 1.9% of MCF-7 BC cell lines were specifically lysed at an effector-to-target ratio of 20:1. The cytotoxicity of T lymphocytes activated by SmartDC-FRα was also demonstrated in three-dimensional (3D) spheroid culture of FRα-expressing BC cells marked by size reduction and spheroid disruption. This study thus portray the potential development of T lymphocytes activated by SmartDC-FRα as ACT in FRα-expressing BC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piriya Luangwattananun
- Siriraj Center of Research Excellence for Cancer Immunotherapy (SiCORE-CIT), Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Division of Molecular Medicine, Research Department, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol, University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Wannasiri Chiraphapphaiboon
- Siriraj Center of Research Excellence for Cancer Immunotherapy (SiCORE-CIT), Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Division of Molecular Medicine, Research Department, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol, University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Chanitra Thuwajit
- Siriraj Center of Research Excellence for Cancer Immunotherapy (SiCORE-CIT), Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Mutita Junking
- Siriraj Center of Research Excellence for Cancer Immunotherapy (SiCORE-CIT), Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Division of Molecular Medicine, Research Department, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol, University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Pa-Thai Yenchitsomanus
- Siriraj Center of Research Excellence for Cancer Immunotherapy (SiCORE-CIT), Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Division of Molecular Medicine, Research Department, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol, University, Bangkok, Thailand
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Wei Q, Zeng SE, Wang LP, Yan YJ, Wang T, Xu JW, Zhang MY, Lv WZ, Dietrich CF, Cui XW. The Added Value of a Computer-Aided Diagnosis System in Differential Diagnosis of Breast Lesions by Radiologists With Different Experience. JOURNAL OF ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE 2022; 41:1355-1363. [PMID: 34432320 DOI: 10.1002/jum.15816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the value of the computer-aided diagnosis system, S-Detect (based on deep learning algorithm), in distinguishing benign and malignant breast masses and reducing unnecessary biopsy based on the experience of radiologists. METHODS From February 2018 to March 2019, 266 breast masses in 192 women were included in our study. Ultrasound (US) examination, including S-Detect technique, was performed by the radiologist with about 10 years of clinical experience in breast US imaging. US images were analyzed by four other radiologists with different experience in breast imaging (radiologists 1, 2, 3, and 4 with 1, 4, 9, and 20 years, respectively) according to their clinical experience (with and without the results of S-Detect). Diagnostic capabilities and unnecessary biopsy of radiologists and radiologists combined with S-Detect were compared and analyzed. RESULTS After referring to the results of S-Detect, the changes made by less experienced radiologists were greater than experienced radiologists (benign or malignant, 44 vs 22 vs 14 vs 2; unnecessary biopsy, 34 vs 25 vs 10 vs 5). When combined with S-Detect, less experienced radiologists showed significant improvement in accuracy, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and area under curve (P < .05), but not for experienced radiologists (P > .05). Similarly, the unnecessary biopsy rate of less experienced radiologists decreased significantly (44.4% vs 32.7%, P = .006; 36.8% vs 28.2%, P = .033), but not for experienced radiologists (P > .05). CONCLUSIONS Less experienced radiologists rely more on S-Detect software. And S-Detect can be an effective decision-making tool for breast US, especially for less experienced radiologists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Wei
- Sino-German Tongji-Caritas Research Center of Ultrasound in Medicine, Department of Medical Ultrasound, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shu-E Zeng
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Hubei Cancer Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Li-Ping Wang
- Sino-German Tongji-Caritas Research Center of Ultrasound in Medicine, Department of Medical Ultrasound, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yu-Jing Yan
- Sino-German Tongji-Caritas Research Center of Ultrasound in Medicine, Department of Medical Ultrasound, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ting Wang
- Sino-German Tongji-Caritas Research Center of Ultrasound in Medicine, Department of Medical Ultrasound, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jian-Wei Xu
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Meng-Yi Zhang
- Sino-German Tongji-Caritas Research Center of Ultrasound in Medicine, Department of Medical Ultrasound, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wen-Zhi Lv
- Department of Artificial Intelligence, Julei Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Christoph F Dietrich
- Department Allgemeine Innere Medizin (DAIM), Kliniken Hirslanden Beau Site, Salem und Permancence, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Xin-Wu Cui
- Sino-German Tongji-Caritas Research Center of Ultrasound in Medicine, Department of Medical Ultrasound, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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41
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Evans DGR, van Veen EM, Harkness EF, Brentnall AR, Astley SM, Byers H, Woodward ER, Sampson S, Southworth J, Howell SJ, Maxwell AJ, Newman WG, Cuzick J, Howell A. Breast cancer risk stratification in women of screening age: Incremental effects of adding mammographic density, polygenic risk, and a gene panel. Genet Med 2022; 24:1485-1494. [PMID: 35426792 DOI: 10.1016/j.gim.2022.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE There is great promise in breast cancer risk stratification to target screening and prevention. It is unclear whether adding gene panels to other risk tools improves breast cancer risk stratification and adds discriminatory benefit on a population basis. METHODS In total, 10,025 of 57,902 women aged 46 to 73 years in the Predicting Risk of Cancer at Screening study provided DNA samples. A case-control study was used to evaluate breast cancer risk assessment using polygenic risk scores (PRSs), cancer gene panel (n = 33), mammographic density (density residual [DR]), and risk factors collected using a self-completed 2-page questionnaire (Tyrer-Cuzick [TC] model version 8). In total, 525 cases and 1410 controls underwent gene panel testing and PRS calculation (18, 143, and/or 313 single-nucleotide polymorphisms [SNPs]). RESULTS Actionable pathogenic variants (PGVs) in BRCA1/2 were found in 1.7% of cases and 0.55% of controls, and overall PGVs were found in 6.1% of cases and 1.3% of controls. A combined assessment of TC8-DR-SNP313 and gene panel provided the best risk stratification with 26.1% of controls and 9.7% of cases identified at <1.4% 10-year risk and 9.01% of controls and 23.3% of cases at ≥8% 10-year risk. Because actionable PGVs were uncommon, discrimination was identical with/without gene panel (with/without: area under the curve = 0.67, 95% CI = 0.64-0.70). Only 7 of 17 PGVs in cases resulted in actionable risk category change. Extended case (n = 644)-control (n = 1779) series with TC8-DR-SNP143 identified 18.9% of controls and only 6.4% of stage 2+ cases at <1.4% 10-year risk and 20.7% of controls and 47.9% of stage 2+ cases at ≥5% 10-year risk. CONCLUSION Further studies and economic analysis will determine whether adding panels to PRS is a cost-effective strategy for risk stratification.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Gareth R Evans
- Division of Evolution, Infection and Genomics, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom; Prevention Breast Cancer Unit and Nightingale Breast Screening Centre, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust (South), Manchester, United Kingdom; The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom; Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust (Central), Manchester, United Kingdom; Manchester Breast Centre, Manchester Cancer Research Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom; Cancer Prevention Early Detection Theme, NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom.
| | - Elke M van Veen
- Division of Evolution, Infection and Genomics, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Elaine F Harkness
- Prevention Breast Cancer Unit and Nightingale Breast Screening Centre, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust (South), Manchester, United Kingdom; Cancer Prevention Early Detection Theme, NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom; Division of Informatics, Imaging and Data Sciences, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom; Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Adam R Brentnall
- Centre for Cancer Prevention, Wolfson Institute of Preventive Medicine, Charterhouse Square, Barts and The London, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Susan M Astley
- Prevention Breast Cancer Unit and Nightingale Breast Screening Centre, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust (South), Manchester, United Kingdom; Manchester Breast Centre, Manchester Cancer Research Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom; Cancer Prevention Early Detection Theme, NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom; Division of Informatics, Imaging and Data Sciences, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom; Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Helen Byers
- Division of Evolution, Infection and Genomics, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom; Cancer Prevention Early Detection Theme, NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Emma R Woodward
- Division of Evolution, Infection and Genomics, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom; Cancer Prevention Early Detection Theme, NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Sarah Sampson
- Prevention Breast Cancer Unit and Nightingale Breast Screening Centre, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust (South), Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Jake Southworth
- Prevention Breast Cancer Unit and Nightingale Breast Screening Centre, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust (South), Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Sacha J Howell
- Prevention Breast Cancer Unit and Nightingale Breast Screening Centre, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust (South), Manchester, United Kingdom; The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom; Manchester Breast Centre, Manchester Cancer Research Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom; Cancer Prevention Early Detection Theme, NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Anthony J Maxwell
- Prevention Breast Cancer Unit and Nightingale Breast Screening Centre, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust (South), Manchester, United Kingdom; Manchester Breast Centre, Manchester Cancer Research Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom; Cancer Prevention Early Detection Theme, NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom; Division of Informatics, Imaging and Data Sciences, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom; Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - William G Newman
- Division of Evolution, Infection and Genomics, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom; Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust (Central), Manchester, United Kingdom; Manchester Breast Centre, Manchester Cancer Research Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Jack Cuzick
- Centre for Cancer Prevention, Wolfson Institute of Preventive Medicine, Charterhouse Square, Barts and The London, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Anthony Howell
- Prevention Breast Cancer Unit and Nightingale Breast Screening Centre, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust (South), Manchester, United Kingdom; The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom; Manchester Breast Centre, Manchester Cancer Research Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom; Cancer Prevention Early Detection Theme, NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom
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Xu S, Liu Y, Ma H, Fang S, Wei S, Li X, Lu Z, Zheng Y, Liu T, Zhu X, Xu D, Pan Y. A Novel Signature Integrated of Immunoglobulin, Glycosylation and Anti-Viral Genes to Predict Prognosis for Breast Cancer. Front Genet 2022; 13:834731. [PMID: 35432482 PMCID: PMC9011196 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.834731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Aberrant glycosylation is significantly related to the occurrence, progression, metastasis, and drug resistance of tumors. It is essential to identify glycosylation and related genes with prognostic value for breast cancer. Objective: We aimed to construct and validate a prognostic model based on glycosylation and related genes, and further investigate its prognosis values in validation set and external independent cohorts. Materials and Methods: The transcriptome and clinical data of breast cancer patients were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA, n = 1072), Molecular Taxonomy of Breast Cancer International Consortium (METABRIC, n = 1451), and GSE2741 (n = 120). Glycosylation-related genes were downloaded from the Genecards website. Differentially expressed glycosylation-related geneswere identified by comparing the tumor tissues with the adjacent tissues. The TCGA data were randomly divided into training set and validation set in a 1:1 ratio for further analysis. The glycosylation risk-scoring prognosis model was constructed by univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis, followed by confirmation in TCGA validation, METABRIC, and GEO datasets. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) and Gene ontology analysis for identifying the affected pathways in the high- and low-risk groups were performed. Results: We attained 1072 breast cancer samples from the TCGA database and 786 glycosylation genes from the Genecards website. A signature contains immunoglobulin, glycosylation and anti-viral related genes was constructed to separate BRCA patients into two risk groups. Low-risk patients had better overall survival than high-risk patients (p < 0.001). A nomogram was constructed with risk scores and clinical characteristics. The area under time-dependent ROC curve reached 0.764 at 1 year, 0.744 at 3 years, and 0.765 at 5 years in the training set. Subgroup analysis showed differences in OS between the high- and low-risk patients in different subgroups. Moreover, the risk score was confirmed as an independent prognostic indicator of BRCA patients and was potentially correlated with immunotherapy response and drug sensitivity. Conclusion: We identified a novel signature integrated of immunoglobulin (IGHA2), glycosylation-related (SLC35A2) and anti-viral gene (BST2) that was an independent prognostic indicator for BRCA patients. The risk-scoring model could be used for predicting prognosis and immunotherapy in BRCA, thus providing a powerful instrument for combating BRCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengshan Xu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Jiangmen Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Jiangmen, China
- Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yuchen Liu
- Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
- *Correspondence: Yuchen Liu, ; Dongming Xu, ; Yihang Pan,
| | - Hansu Ma
- Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Shuo Fang
- Department of Oncology, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Shoupeng Wei
- Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiaoping Li
- Department of Breast, Affiliated Jiangmen Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Jiangmen, China
| | - Zhuming Lu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Jiangmen Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Jiangmen, China
| | - Youbin Zheng
- Department of Radiology, Jiangmen Wuyi Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiangmen, China
| | - Tong Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiaojian Zhu
- Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Dongming Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Country Hospital of Qianguo, Songyuan, China
- *Correspondence: Yuchen Liu, ; Dongming Xu, ; Yihang Pan,
| | - Yihang Pan
- Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
- *Correspondence: Yuchen Liu, ; Dongming Xu, ; Yihang Pan,
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43
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Jia T, Liu Y, Fan Y, Wang L, Jiang E. Association of Healthy Diet and Physical Activity With Breast Cancer: Lifestyle Interventions and Oncology Education. Front Public Health 2022; 10:797794. [PMID: 35400043 PMCID: PMC8984028 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.797794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Global cancer statistics suggest that breast cancer (BC) is the most diagnosed cancer in women, with an estimated 2. 3 million new cases reported in 2020. Observational evidence shows a clear link between prevention and development of invasive BC and lifestyle-based interventions such as a healthy diet and physical activity. The recent findings reveal that even minimal amounts of daily exercise and a healthy diet reduced the risk of BC, mitigated the side effects of cancer treatment, and stopped the recurrence of cancer in the survivors. Despite the myriad benefits, the implementation of these lifestyle interventions in at-risk and survivor populations has been limited to date. Given the need to disseminate information about the role of physical activity and nutrition in BC reduction, the review aimed to present the recent scientific outreach and update on associations between the lifestyle interventions and BC outcomes to narrow the gap and strengthen the understanding more clearly. This review covers more direct, detailed, and updated scientific literature to respond to frequently asked questions related to the daily lifestyle-based interventions and their impact on BC risk and survivors. This review also highlights the importance of the oncology provider's job and how oncology education can reduce the BC burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiantian Jia
- Institute of Nursing and Health, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Yufeng Liu
- Institute of Nursing and Health, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Yuanyuan Fan
- School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Lintao Wang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Enshe Jiang
- Institute of Nursing and Health, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
- *Correspondence: Enshe Jiang
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44
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Aboelnaga A, Mansour E, Fahim AM, Elsayed GH. Synthesis, anti-proliferative activity, gene expression, docking and DFT investigation of novel pyrazol-1-yl-thiazol-4(5H)-one derivatives. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2021.131945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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45
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Clift AK, Dodwell D, Lord S, Petrou S, Brady SM, Collins GS, Hippisley-Cox J. The current status of risk-stratified breast screening. Br J Cancer 2022; 126:533-550. [PMID: 34703006 PMCID: PMC8854575 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-021-01550-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Apart from high-risk scenarios such as the presence of highly penetrant genetic mutations, breast screening typically comprises mammography or tomosynthesis strategies defined by age. However, age-based screening ignores the range of breast cancer risks that individual women may possess and is antithetical to the ambitions of personalised early detection. Whilst screening mammography reduces breast cancer mortality, this is at the risk of potentially significant harms including overdiagnosis with overtreatment, and psychological morbidity associated with false positives. In risk-stratified screening, individualised risk assessment may inform screening intensity/interval, starting age, imaging modality used, or even decisions not to screen. However, clear evidence for its benefits and harms needs to be established. In this scoping review, the authors summarise the established and emerging evidence regarding several critical dependencies for successful risk-stratified breast screening: risk prediction model performance, epidemiological studies, retrospective clinical evaluations, health economic evaluations and qualitative research on feasibility and acceptability. Family history, breast density or reproductive factors are not on their own suitable for precisely estimating risk and risk prediction models increasingly incorporate combinations of demographic, clinical, genetic and imaging-related parameters. Clinical evaluations of risk-stratified screening are currently limited. Epidemiological evidence is sparse, and randomised trials only began in recent years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ash Kieran Clift
- Cancer Research UK Oxford Centre, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
- Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
| | - David Dodwell
- Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Simon Lord
- Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Stavros Petrou
- Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | - Gary S Collins
- Centre for Statistics in Medicine, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology & Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - Julia Hippisley-Cox
- Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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46
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Afzal S, Hassan M, Ullah S, Abbas H, Tawakkal F, Khan MA. Breast Cancer; Discovery of Novel Diagnostic Biomarkers, Drug Resistance, and Therapeutic Implications. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:783450. [PMID: 35265667 PMCID: PMC8899313 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.783450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the second most reported cancer in women with high mortality causing millions of cancer-related deaths annually. Early detection of breast cancer intensifies the struggle towards discovering, developing, and optimizing diagnostic biomarkers that can improve its prognosis and therapeutic outcomes. Breast cancer-associated biomarkers comprise macromolecules, such as nucleic acid (DNA/RNA), proteins, and intact cells. Advancements in molecular technologies have identified all types of biomarkers that are exclusively studied for diagnostic, prognostic, drug resistance, and therapeutic implications. Identifying biomarkers may solve the problem of drug resistance which is a challenging obstacle in breast cancer treatment. Dysregulation of non-coding RNAs including circular RNAs (circRNAs) and microRNAs (miRNAs) initiates and progresses breast cancer. The circulating multiple miRNA profiles promise better diagnostic and prognostic performance and sensitivity than individual miRNAs. The high stability and existence of circRNAs in body fluids make them a promising new diagnostic biomarker. Many therapeutic-based novels targeting agents have been identified, including ESR1 mutation (DNA mutations), Oligonucleotide analogs and antagonists (miRNA), poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) in BRCA mutations, CDK4/6 (cell cycle regulating factor initiates tumor progression), Androgen receptor (a steroid hormone receptor), that have entered clinical validation procedure. In this review, we summarize the role of novel breast cancer diagnostic biomarkers, drug resistance, and therapeutic implications for breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samia Afzal
- Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
- *Correspondence: Samia Afzal,
| | - Muhammad Hassan
- Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Safi Ullah
- Department of Genetics, Hazara University, Mansehra, Pakistan
| | - Hazrat Abbas
- Department of Genetics, Hazara University, Mansehra, Pakistan
| | - Farah Tawakkal
- Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Mohsin Ahmad Khan
- Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
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Osman N, Shawky AEM, Brylinski M. Exploring the effects of genetic variation on gene regulation in cancer in the context of 3D genome structure. BMC Genom Data 2022; 23:13. [PMID: 35176995 PMCID: PMC8851830 DOI: 10.1186/s12863-021-01021-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Numerous genome-wide association studies (GWAS) conducted to date revealed genetic variants associated with various diseases, including breast and prostate cancers. Despite the availability of these large-scale data, relatively few variants have been functionally characterized, mainly because the majority of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) map to the non-coding regions of the human genome. The functional characterization of these non-coding variants and the identification of their target genes remain challenging. Results In this communication, we explore the potential functional mechanisms of non-coding SNPs by integrating GWAS with the high-resolution chromosome conformation capture (Hi-C) data for breast and prostate cancers. We show that more genetic variants map to regulatory elements through the 3D genome structure than the 1D linear genome lacking physical chromatin interactions. Importantly, the association of enhancers, transcription factors, and their target genes with breast and prostate cancers tends to be higher when these regulatory elements are mapped to high-risk SNPs through spatial interactions compared to simply using a linear proximity. Finally, we demonstrate that topologically associating domains (TADs) carrying high-risk SNPs also contain gene regulatory elements whose association with cancer is generally higher than those belonging to control TADs containing no high-risk variants. Conclusions Our results suggest that many SNPs may contribute to the cancer development by affecting the expression of certain tumor-related genes through long-range chromatin interactions with gene regulatory elements. Integrating large-scale genetic datasets with the 3D genome structure offers an attractive and unique approach to systematically investigate the functional mechanisms of genetic variants in disease risk and progression. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12863-021-01021-x.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noha Osman
- Department of Biological Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, 70803, USA.,Department of Cell Biology, National Research Centre, Giza, 12622, Egypt.,Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, 77030, USA
| | - Abd-El-Monsif Shawky
- Department of Biological Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, 70803, USA
| | - Michal Brylinski
- Department of Biological Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, 70803, USA. .,Center for Computation and Technology, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, 70803, USA.
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48
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A Prospective Observational Pilot Study of Young Women Undergoing Initial Breast Cancer Treatment and Their Biopsychosocial Profile. REHABILITATION ONCOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1097/01.reo.0000000000000298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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49
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Özer Ö, Nemutlu E, Reçber T, Eylem CC, Aktas BY, Kır S, Kars A, Aksoy S. Liquid biopsy markers for early diagnosis of brain metastasis patients with breast cancer by metabolomics. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY (CHICHESTER, ENGLAND) 2022; 28:56-64. [PMID: 35422172 DOI: 10.1177/14690667221093871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Introduction: Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women and is the second most common cause of cancer related mortality. Metabolomics, the identification of small metabolites, is a technique for determining the amount of these metabolites. Objectives: This study aimed to identify markers for the early diagnosis of brain metastasis by metabolomic methods in breast cancer patients. Methods: A total of 88 breast cancer patients with distant metastases were included in the study. The patients were divided into two groups according to their metastasis status: patients with brain metastases and distant metastases without any brain metastases. Liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LC-qTOF-MS) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis methods were used for metabolomic analyses. Results: 33 of them, 88 patients had brain metastasis, and 55 patients had distant metastases without brain metastasis. A total of 72 and 35 metabolites were identified by the GC-MS and LC-qTOF-MS analysis, respectively. 47 of them were found to be significantly different in patients with brain metastasis. The pathway analysis, performed with significantly altered metabolites, showed that aminoacyl tRNA biosynthesis, valine, leucine and isoleucine biosynthesis, alanine, aspartate, and glutamate metabolism, arginine biosynthesis, glycine, serine, and threonine metabolism pathways significantly altered in patients with brain metastasis. Predictive accuracies for have identifying the brain metastasis were performed with receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis, and the model with fifteen metabolites has 96.9% accuracy. Conclusions: While these results should be supported by prospective studies, these data are promising for early detection of brain metastasis with markers in liquid biopsy samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Özge Özer
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hacettepe University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Emirhan Nemutlu
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Analytical Chemistry, 37515Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Tuba Reçber
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Analytical Chemistry, 37515Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Cemil Can Eylem
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Analytical Chemistry, 37515Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Burak Yasin Aktas
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hacettepe University Cancer Institute, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Sedef Kır
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Analytical Chemistry, 37515Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ayse Kars
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hacettepe University Cancer Institute, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Sercan Aksoy
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hacettepe University Cancer Institute, Ankara, Turkey
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50
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Relationship between Breast Cancer Surgical Treatment and Psychiatric Symptomatology: Which Sociodemographic and Clinical Factors Could Influence It? A Preliminary Study. Behav Sci (Basel) 2022; 12:bs12010009. [PMID: 35049620 PMCID: PMC8772987 DOI: 10.3390/bs12010009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Revised: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate psychiatric symptomatology in a sample of patients affected by breast cancer undergoing surgery, evaluating the potential mediators on perceived stress levels, depression and hopelessness. The study was conducted on eighty-five patients with breast cancer, admitted consecutively to the Breast Unit of the IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, between May 2018 and December 2019. Sociodemographic (age of diagnosis, gender, marital and occupational status, educational level, having children) and clinical (type and side of surgery, previous breast surgery, neoadjuvant chemotherapy and axillary dissection) characteristics were investigated through a semi-structured interview. The following rating scales were administered: Beck Depression Inventory, Beck Hopelessness Scale, and Perceived Stress Scale. Our findings indicate that the presence of children and of a partner was associated with a lower total score on the clinical dimensions evaluated. Furthermore, we found demolitive surgery to be a mediator between perceived stress and hopelessness, while history of previous breast surgery was found to be a mediator between demolitive surgery and perceived stress. In conclusion, patients affected by breast cancer undergoing more complex and demolitive surgery or with history of previous breast surgery should be mostly monitored from a psychological and psychiatric point of view from the beginning of treatments to evaluate the first manifestations of psychiatric symptomatology.
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